{"diffoscope-json-version": 1, "source1": "/srv/reproducible-results/rbuild-debian/r-b-build.ZZ0ZdEIJ/b1/grub2_2.12-5_i386.changes", "source2": "/srv/reproducible-results/rbuild-debian/r-b-build.ZZ0ZdEIJ/b2/grub2_2.12-5_i386.changes", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "Files", "source2": "Files", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,38 +1,38 @@\n \n f067af05089e319b534b5fea81cbb724 10740500 debug optional grub-common-dbgsym_2.12-5_i386.deb\n 7eb3f2a445c52f42889c7df25270e9ff 2973752 admin optional grub-common_2.12-5_i386.deb\n- dce6381361e29c4a5305ca033e3734eb 645608 admin optional grub-coreboot-bin_2.12-5_i386.deb\n+ e136c98f1cc9b202a42e42afbf46a630 645640 admin optional grub-coreboot-bin_2.12-5_i386.deb\n 3d0d4911a6d839cc7b30a941c23de315 2956708 debug optional grub-coreboot-dbg_2.12-5_i386.deb\n 75c9f55b00d23f37c2d465420aaaf2ba 45884 admin optional grub-coreboot_2.12-5_i386.deb\n- ffa4365a8d907cac9bd2227472007789 1049748 admin optional grub-efi-amd64-bin_2.12-5_i386.deb\n+ c583981a9c328cbd39994dc25602ebff 1049608 admin optional grub-efi-amd64-bin_2.12-5_i386.deb\n bb9939cbde583ad5ff49f46ae93dbffd 3674796 debug optional grub-efi-amd64-dbg_2.12-5_i386.deb\n- 70f1fc8cee21a42d6987e870cb82b81c 1359416 admin optional grub-efi-amd64-unsigned_2.12-5_i386.deb\n+ 96e086d992689c80e7d0b712784c0d1c 1359416 admin optional grub-efi-amd64-unsigned_2.12-5_i386.deb\n 92a243ae3bdf2883fb4557005b955cf3 45884 admin optional grub-efi-amd64_2.12-5_i386.deb\n- e1c451efc620fb7b697fc00da3b0eec4 688272 admin optional grub-efi-ia32-bin_2.12-5_i386.deb\n+ 4d9c6e22bc1d495c9afb05e0222b484c 688236 admin optional grub-efi-ia32-bin_2.12-5_i386.deb\n ca056c5e861d0d46d6e35a31e662ea23 3329420 debug optional grub-efi-ia32-dbg_2.12-5_i386.deb\n 10071b250b11acc5d4afc384450819f0 316500 admin optional grub-efi-ia32-signed-template_2.12-5_i386.deb\n- fb1259a416c1e96d5e00368330156f53 1321424 admin optional grub-efi-ia32-unsigned_2.12-5_i386.deb\n+ 009c1e65027a7e5c661c2a83da123ff7 1321356 admin optional grub-efi-ia32-unsigned_2.12-5_i386.deb\n e5e3f3695e5bc811f9d99dd2a95acd9f 45900 admin optional grub-efi-ia32_2.12-5_i386.deb\n d7fb94a633aa240793fa2ac535080561 2372 admin optional grub-efi_2.12-5_i386.deb\n 0d61e6bb506810c4a470fbc9f167ac84 2629968 debug optional grub-emu-dbg_2.12-5_i386.deb\n 08481f773b2bdb7c07e7b858c94449c2 34472 debug optional grub-emu-dbgsym_2.12-5_i386.deb\n- fd1ccef121b897b4f005a2d2456828b1 2819748 admin optional grub-emu_2.12-5_i386.deb\n- 16f90707f5843c2603d2c8e55a472824 923368 admin optional grub-firmware-qemu_2.12-5_i386.deb\n- 3bb3856129233589b6a96521b1431557 633352 admin optional grub-ieee1275-bin_2.12-5_i386.deb\n+ d2bb6d0c07a402b1150e65b4f61b0a0d 2820148 admin optional grub-emu_2.12-5_i386.deb\n+ 4a1f5af0820cd1925796771e50797e4c 923368 admin optional grub-firmware-qemu_2.12-5_i386.deb\n+ 7053868dfc2b2cd183afb4a97b6d49bc 633300 admin optional grub-ieee1275-bin_2.12-5_i386.deb\n 2234e4c3a0ac00fc6f3d1504d7f4ea02 2924508 debug optional grub-ieee1275-dbg_2.12-5_i386.deb\n aff043441a80081d280664d90bd6f15f 45876 admin optional grub-ieee1275_2.12-5_i386.deb\n 4c549bc327f9d7668e607b7ff4963a5e 2360 oldlibs optional grub-linuxbios_2.12-5_i386.deb\n 999ecb416b882aa49d0c95b9e7589f00 471636 debian-installer optional grub-mount-udeb_2.12-5_i386.udeb\n 6ffce5d2a0daa3a1e1e803a892b5b223 1157196 debug optional grub-pc-bin-dbgsym_2.12-5_i386.deb\n- 44e32a0faab7c8f994c968b00d2a9fa1 1044196 admin optional grub-pc-bin_2.12-5_i386.deb\n+ 483b6eaad507420647970d99e60a18db 1044132 admin optional grub-pc-bin_2.12-5_i386.deb\n 24cff4d46f807e0fb80f2cb77f8641f9 3182060 debug optional grub-pc-dbg_2.12-5_i386.deb\n 619770020d3a3774ac0f945153d1b5cb 136708 admin optional grub-pc_2.12-5_i386.deb\n- 3b062c62a2f81ccd0b111bf4a38b20f4 2642456 admin optional grub-rescue-pc_2.12-5_i386.deb\n+ 6b05517b2d6059ed008a4583aba64e1d 2641644 admin optional grub-rescue-pc_2.12-5_i386.deb\n f32dffbaefbb8f114a01876d7f8c61a9 2155980 admin optional grub-theme-starfield_2.12-5_i386.deb\n- 59aef291caf8e371a537e57d41a29711 1036172 admin optional grub-xen-bin_2.12-5_i386.deb\n- 7e5c40f200a505c9045d99ff56ae9c8d 7534784 debug optional grub-xen-dbg_2.12-5_i386.deb\n- 60421884412681a5aae8c4f16cc8dad6 1331420 admin optional grub-xen-host_2.12-5_i386.deb\n+ 671c4ca866223bd026ac4b0dd98ee43b 1036456 admin optional grub-xen-bin_2.12-5_i386.deb\n+ c5faa91b9dc1716c72cf1b250151ad3a 7534788 debug optional grub-xen-dbg_2.12-5_i386.deb\n+ dfd199737bbd1736efa6c33285241d56 1331412 admin optional grub-xen-host_2.12-5_i386.deb\n 5875685b274df2f93edc0e5f2c016ed0 45824 admin optional grub-xen_2.12-5_i386.deb\n a1bda7895e5b878c1afbb826e6047d60 1494168 debug optional grub2-common-dbgsym_2.12-5_i386.deb\n- e591bf3248e64da0e80e03aaaf910415 679608 admin optional grub2-common_2.12-5_i386.deb\n+ 6096af594d3d409324dec2874d77c8f3 679612 admin optional grub2-common_2.12-5_i386.deb\n 59a73b98ceee7d97f09e146bde8e159b 2360 oldlibs optional grub2_2.12-5_i386.deb\n"}, {"source1": "grub-coreboot-bin_2.12-5_i386.deb", "source2": "grub-coreboot-bin_2.12-5_i386.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 4 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 debian-binary\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 7416 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 control.tar.xz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 638000 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 data.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 638032 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 data.tar.xz\n"}, {"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -146,15 +146,15 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3708 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/minix2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3848 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/minix2_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3632 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/minix3.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3796 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/minix3_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3716 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/minix_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5804 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/mmap.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 4910 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/moddep.lst\n--rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2635 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/modinfo.sh\n+-rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2633 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/modinfo.sh\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2316 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/morse.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 27452 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/mpi.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2392 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/msdospart.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 1972 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/mul_test.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 13880 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/multiboot.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 15096 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/multiboot2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 4152 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/nativedisk.mod\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/modinfo.sh", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/modinfo.sh", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@\n-#!/bin/bash\n+#!/bin/sh\n \n # User-controllable options\n grub_modinfo_target_cpu=i386\n grub_modinfo_platform=coreboot\n grub_disk_cache_stats=0\n grub_boot_time_stats=0\n grub_have_font_source=1\n"}]}]}]}, {"source1": "grub-efi-amd64-bin_2.12-5_i386.deb", "source2": "grub-efi-amd64-bin_2.12-5_i386.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 4 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 debian-binary\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 8120 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 control.tar.xz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1041436 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 data.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1041296 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 data.tar.xz\n"}, {"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -158,15 +158,15 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5664 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/minix2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5752 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/minix2_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5728 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/minix3.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5816 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/minix3_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5640 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/minix_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 9120 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/mmap.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5318 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/moddep.lst\n--rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2559 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/modinfo.sh\n+-rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2557 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/modinfo.sh\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3128 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/morse.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 44032 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/mpi.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3592 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/msdospart.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2360 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/mul_test.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 22000 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/multiboot.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 24944 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/multiboot2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 6624 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/nativedisk.mod\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/modinfo.sh", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/modinfo.sh", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@\n-#!/bin/bash\n+#!/bin/sh\n \n # User-controllable options\n grub_modinfo_target_cpu=x86_64\n grub_modinfo_platform=efi\n grub_disk_cache_stats=0\n grub_boot_time_stats=0\n grub_have_font_source=1\n"}]}]}]}, {"source1": "grub-efi-amd64-unsigned_2.12-5_i386.deb", "source2": "grub-efi-amd64-unsigned_2.12-5_i386.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/monolithic/gcdx64.efi", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/monolithic/gcdx64.efi", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "objdump", "source2": "objdump", "unified_diff": "@@ -764826,16 +764826,16 @@\n 232e80:\tlods %ds:(%rsi),%al\n 232e81:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 232e83:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 232e85:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 232e87:\tadd %dh,0xcd3(%rsi)\n 232e8d:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 232e8f:\tadd %al,(%rax,%rax,4)\n- 232e92:\tpush %rdi\n- 232e93:\tadd $0x0,%al\n+ 232e92:\tscas %es:(%rdi),%al\n+ 232e93:\tor %al,(%rax)\n 232e95:\tadd %ah,%al\n 232e97:\trorl %cl,(%rax,%rax,1)\n \t...\n 233aae:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 233ab0:\tadd (%rax),%al\n 233ab2:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 233ab4:\tsub %al,(%rax)\n"}]}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/monolithic/grubnetx64-installer.efi", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/monolithic/grubnetx64-installer.efi", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "objdump", "source2": "objdump", "unified_diff": "@@ -770179,16 +770179,16 @@\n 23743f:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 237441:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 237443:\tadd %ch,-0x2d(%rdx)\n 237446:\tor $0x0,%al\n 237448:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 23744a:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 23744c:\tadd $0x80,%al\n- 23744e:\tpush %rdi\n- 23744f:\tadd $0x0,%al\n+ 23744e:\tscas %es:(%rdi),%al\n+ 23744f:\tor %al,(%rax)\n 237451:\tadd %dl,0xc(%rbx,%rdx,8)\n \t...\n 2380b8:\tadd (%rax),%al\n 2380ba:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 2380bc:\tsub %al,(%rax)\n 2380be:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 2380c0:\toutsb %ds:(%rsi),(%dx)\n"}]}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/monolithic/grubnetx64.efi", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/monolithic/grubnetx64.efi", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "objdump", "source2": "objdump", "unified_diff": "@@ -770177,16 +770177,16 @@\n 23743f:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 237441:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 237443:\tadd %ch,-0x2d(%rdx)\n 237446:\tor $0x0,%al\n 237448:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 23744a:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 23744c:\tadd $0x80,%al\n- 23744e:\tpush %rdi\n- 23744f:\tadd $0x0,%al\n+ 23744e:\tscas %es:(%rdi),%al\n+ 23744f:\tor %al,(%rax)\n 237451:\tadd %dl,0xc(%rbx,%rdx,8)\n \t...\n 2380b8:\tadd (%rax),%al\n 2380ba:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 2380bc:\tsub %al,(%rax)\n 2380be:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 2380c0:\toutsb %ds:(%rsi),(%dx)\n"}]}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/monolithic/grubx64.efi", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/monolithic/grubx64.efi", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "objdump", "source2": "objdump", "unified_diff": "@@ -876072,16 +876072,16 @@\n 289752:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 289754:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 289756:\txchg %eax,%esp\n 289757:\trorb %cl,(%rax,%rax,1)\n 28975a:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 28975c:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 28975e:\tadd $0x80,%al\n- 289760:\tpush %rdi\n- 289761:\tadd $0x0,%al\n+ 289760:\tscas %es:(%rdi),%al\n+ 289761:\tor %al,(%rax)\n 289763:\tadd %dh,0xcd2(%rsi)\n \t...\n 28a4a5:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 28a4a7:\tadd %al,(%rbx)\n 28a4a9:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 28a4ab:\tadd %bl,(%rax)\n 28a4ad:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n"}]}]}]}]}, {"source1": "grub-efi-ia32-bin_2.12-5_i386.deb", "source2": "grub-efi-ia32-bin_2.12-5_i386.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 4 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 debian-binary\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 7864 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 control.tar.xz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 680216 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 data.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 680180 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 data.tar.xz\n"}, {"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -159,15 +159,15 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3748 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/minix2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3908 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/minix2_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3708 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/minix3.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3840 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/minix3_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3772 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/minix_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 6800 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/mmap.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5340 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/moddep.lst\n--rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2602 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/modinfo.sh\n+-rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2600 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/modinfo.sh\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2320 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/morse.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 28648 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/mpi.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2404 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/msdospart.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 1996 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/mul_test.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 14408 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/multiboot.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 16104 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/multiboot2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 4292 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/nativedisk.mod\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/modinfo.sh", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/modinfo.sh", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@\n-#!/bin/bash\n+#!/bin/sh\n \n # User-controllable options\n grub_modinfo_target_cpu=i386\n grub_modinfo_platform=efi\n grub_disk_cache_stats=0\n grub_boot_time_stats=0\n grub_have_font_source=1\n"}]}]}]}, {"source1": "grub-efi-ia32-unsigned_2.12-5_i386.deb", "source2": "grub-efi-ia32-unsigned_2.12-5_i386.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 4 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 debian-binary\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1232 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 control.tar.xz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1320000 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 data.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1319932 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 data.tar.xz\n"}, {"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/monolithic/gcdia32.efi", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/monolithic/gcdia32.efi", "has_internal_linenos": true, "unified_diff": "@@ -115561,15 +115561,15 @@\n 001c3680: 0200 0a00 756e 6963 6f64 652e 7066 3201 ....unicode.pf2.\n 001c3690: 0000 0000 0000 0001 0000 006c 0000 0001 ...........l....\n 001c36a0: 0004 0066 6f6e 7473 8c00 0200 0200 0700 ...fonts........\n 001c36b0: 6772 7562 2e63 6667 1080 acd1 0c00 0000 grub.cfg........\n 001c36c0: 0000 ec00 0000 0000 0000 9cd3 0c00 0000 ................\n 001c36d0: 0000 2080 6c00 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 .. .l...........\n 001c36e0: 0000 0000 8c00 0000 0000 0000 ac00 0000 ................\n-001c36f0: 0000 0000 b6d3 0c00 0000 0000 0480 5704 ..............W.\n+001c36f0: 0000 0000 b6d3 0c00 0000 0000 0480 ae08 ................\n 001c3700: 0000 e0d3 0c00 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001c3710: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001c3720: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001c3730: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001c3740: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001c3750: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001c3760: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/monolithic/grubia32.efi", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/monolithic/grubia32.efi", "has_internal_linenos": true, "unified_diff": "@@ -135217,15 +135217,15 @@\n 00210300: 0000 b03a 9566 0300 0000 0000 0000 0300 ...:.f..........\n 00210310: 0000 1c00 1f00 0400 0000 3880 0000 0000 ..........8.....\n 00210320: 0000 0000 0200 0000 0000 0000 0200 0a00 ................\n 00210330: 756e 6963 6f64 652e 7066 3200 0000 0000 unicode.pf2.....\n 00210340: 0000 0001 0000 006c 0000 0001 0004 0066 .......l.......f\n 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0000 ................\n 001c6420: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/monolithic/grubnetia32.efi", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/monolithic/grubnetia32.efi", "has_internal_linenos": true, "unified_diff": "@@ -116277,15 +116277,15 @@\n 001c6340: 0200 0a00 756e 6963 6f64 652e 7066 3201 ....unicode.pf2.\n 001c6350: 0000 0000 0000 0001 0000 006c 0000 0001 ...........l....\n 001c6360: 0004 0066 6f6e 7473 8c00 0200 0200 0700 ...fonts........\n 001c6370: 6772 7562 2e63 6667 1080 acd1 0c00 0000 grub.cfg........\n 001c6380: 0000 9c00 0000 0000 0000 4cd3 0c00 0000 ..........L.....\n 001c6390: 0000 2080 6c00 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 .. .l...........\n 001c63a0: 0000 0000 8c00 0000 0000 0000 ac00 0000 ................\n-001c63b0: 0000 0000 66d3 0c00 0000 0000 0480 5704 ....f.........W.\n+001c63b0: 0000 0000 66d3 0c00 0000 0000 0480 ae08 ....f...........\n 001c63c0: 0000 90d3 0c00 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 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"details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -145,15 +145,15 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3708 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/minix2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3848 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/minix2_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3632 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/minix3.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3796 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/minix3_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3716 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/minix_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5788 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/mmap.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 4708 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/moddep.lst\n--rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2635 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/modinfo.sh\n+-rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2633 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/modinfo.sh\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2316 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/morse.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 27452 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/mpi.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2392 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/msdospart.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 1972 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/mul_test.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 13712 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/multiboot.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 14700 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/multiboot2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2696 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/nand.mod\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/modinfo.sh", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/modinfo.sh", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@\n-#!/bin/bash\n+#!/bin/sh\n \n # User-controllable options\n grub_modinfo_target_cpu=i386\n grub_modinfo_platform=ieee1275\n grub_disk_cache_stats=0\n grub_boot_time_stats=0\n grub_have_font_source=1\n"}]}]}]}, {"source1": "grub-pc-bin_2.12-5_i386.deb", "source2": "grub-pc-bin_2.12-5_i386.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 4 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 debian-binary\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 8428 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 control.tar.xz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1035576 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 data.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1035512 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 data.tar.xz\n"}, {"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -171,15 +171,15 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3708 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/minix2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3848 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/minix2_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3632 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/minix3.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3796 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/minix3_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3716 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/minix_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 8480 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/mmap.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5786 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/moddep.lst\n--rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2621 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/modinfo.sh\n+-rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2619 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/modinfo.sh\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2316 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/morse.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 27452 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/mpi.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2392 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/msdospart.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 1972 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/mul_test.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 14900 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/multiboot.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 15932 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/multiboot2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 4148 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/nativedisk.mod\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/modinfo.sh", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/modinfo.sh", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@\n-#!/bin/bash\n+#!/bin/sh\n \n # User-controllable options\n grub_modinfo_target_cpu=i386\n grub_modinfo_platform=pc\n grub_disk_cache_stats=0\n grub_boot_time_stats=0\n grub_have_font_source=1\n"}]}]}]}, {"source1": "grub-rescue-pc_2.12-5_i386.deb", "source2": "grub-rescue-pc_2.12-5_i386.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 4 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 debian-binary\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1020 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 control.tar.xz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 2641244 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 data.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 2640432 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 data.tar.xz\n"}, {"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./usr/lib/grub-rescue/grub-rescue-cdrom.iso", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub-rescue/grub-rescue-cdrom.iso", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "isoinfo -l -i {}", "source2": "isoinfo -l -i {}", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,325 +1,325 @@\n \n Directory listing of /\n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 19 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 19 02] .. \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 21 02] boot \n----------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 48 00] boot.cat;1 \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 19 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 19 02] .. \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 21 02] boot \n+---------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 48 00] boot.cat;1 \n \n Directory listing of /boot/\n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 21 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 19 02] .. \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 22 02] grub \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 21 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 19 02] .. \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 22 02] grub \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/\n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 22 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 21 02] .. \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 23 02] fonts \n----------- 0 0 0 1705 Feb 27 2025 [ 1227 00] grub.cfg;1 \n-d--------- 0 0 0 38912 Feb 27 2025 [ 24 02] i386-pc \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 43 02] locale \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 44 02] roms \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 22 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 21 02] .. \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 23 02] fonts \n+---------- 0 0 0 1705 Apr 2 2026 [ 1227 00] grub.cfg;1 \n+d--------- 0 0 0 38912 Apr 2 2026 [ 24 02] i386-pc \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 43 02] locale \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 44 02] roms \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/fonts/\n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 23 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n----------- 0 0 0 2411806 Feb 27 2025 [ 49 00] unicode.pf2;1 \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 23 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n+---------- 0 0 0 2411806 Apr 2 2026 [ 49 00] unicode.pf2;1 \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/i386-pc/\n-d--------- 0 0 0 38912 Feb 27 2025 [ 24 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n----------- 0 0 0 7820 Feb 27 2025 [ 1228 00] 915resol.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 10576 Feb 27 2025 [ 1232 00] acpi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1200 Feb 27 2025 [ 1238 00] adler32.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5644 Feb 27 2025 [ 1239 00] affs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6032 Feb 27 2025 [ 1242 00] afs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1508 Feb 27 2025 [ 1245 00] afsplitt.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 15608 Feb 27 2025 [ 1246 00] ahci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 492 Feb 27 2025 [ 1254 00] all_vide.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 956 Feb 27 2025 [ 1255 00] aout.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2936 Feb 27 2025 [ 1256 00] archelp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4116 Feb 27 2025 [ 1258 00] at_keybo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5544 Feb 27 2025 [ 1261 00] ata.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1576 Feb 27 2025 [ 1264 00] backtrac.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6748 Feb 27 2025 [ 1265 00] bfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4616 Feb 27 2025 [ 1269 00] biosdisk.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2188 Feb 27 2025 [ 1272 00] bitmap.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3600 Feb 27 2025 [ 1274 00] bitmap_s.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2004 Feb 27 2025 [ 1276 00] blocklis.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2628 Feb 27 2025 [ 1277 00] boot.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 31176 Feb 27 2025 [ 1279 00] bsd.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2280 Feb 27 2025 [ 1295 00] bswap_te.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 19644 Feb 27 2025 [ 1297 00] btrfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2088 Feb 27 2025 [ 1307 00] bufio.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2816 Feb 27 2025 [ 1309 00] cat.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3852 Feb 27 2025 [ 1311 00] cbfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3336 Feb 27 2025 [ 1313 00] cbls.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2440 Feb 27 2025 [ 1315 00] cbmemc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1048 Feb 27 2025 [ 1317 00] cbtable.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2752 Feb 27 2025 [ 1318 00] cbtime.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3396 Feb 27 2025 [ 1320 00] chain.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2944 Feb 27 2025 [ 1322 00] cmdline_.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1164 Feb 27 2025 [ 1324 00] cmosdump.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1824 Feb 27 2025 [ 1325 00] cmostest.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2208 Feb 27 2025 [ 1326 00] cmp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4580 Feb 27 2025 [ 1328 00] cmp_test.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3931 Feb 27 2025 [ 1331 00] command.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2204 Feb 27 2025 [ 1333 00] configfi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2588 Feb 27 2025 [ 1335 00] cpio.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2668 Feb 27 2025 [ 1337 00] cpio_be.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1652 Feb 27 2025 [ 1339 00] cpuid.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1552 Feb 27 2025 [ 1340 00] crc64.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 936 Feb 27 2025 [ 1341 00] crypto.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4896 Feb 27 2025 [ 1342 00] crypto.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 14640 Feb 27 2025 [ 1345 00] cryptodi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3584 Feb 27 2025 [ 1353 00] cs5536.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1684 Feb 27 2025 [ 1355 00] ctz_test.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2096 Feb 27 2025 [ 1356 00] date.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1720 Feb 27 2025 [ 1358 00] datehook.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2148 Feb 27 2025 [ 1359 00] datetime.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2364 Feb 27 2025 [ 1361 00] disk.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 9816 Feb 27 2025 [ 1363 00] diskfilt.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 956 Feb 27 2025 [ 1368 00] div.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5504 Feb 27 2025 [ 1369 00] div_test.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1768 Feb 27 2025 [ 1372 00] dm_nv.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5296 Feb 27 2025 [ 1373 00] drivemap.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1896 Feb 27 2025 [ 1376 00] echo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 23624 Feb 27 2025 [ 1377 00] efiemu.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 7644 Feb 27 2025 [ 1389 00] efiemu32.o;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 11048 Feb 27 2025 [ 1393 00] efiemu64.o;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 16128 Feb 27 2025 [ 1399 00] ehci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5824 Feb 27 2025 [ 1407 00] elf.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 31105 Feb 27 2025 [ 1410 00] eltorito.img;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1368 Feb 27 2025 [ 1426 00] eval.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5972 Feb 27 2025 [ 1427 00] exfat.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1380 Feb 27 2025 [ 1430 00] exfctest.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6056 Feb 27 2025 [ 1431 00] ext2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4616 Feb 27 2025 [ 1434 00] extcmd.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6432 Feb 27 2025 [ 1437 00] f2fs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6116 Feb 27 2025 [ 1441 00] fat.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 17100 Feb 27 2025 [ 1444 00] file.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 13840 Feb 27 2025 [ 1453 00] font.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2612 Feb 27 2025 [ 1460 00] freedos.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 219 Feb 27 2025 [ 1462 00] fs.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2924 Feb 27 2025 [ 1463 00] fshelp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 34144 Feb 27 2025 [ 1465 00] function.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1580 Feb 27 2025 [ 1482 00] gcry_arc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 7976 Feb 27 2025 [ 1483 00] gcry_blo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 33532 Feb 27 2025 [ 1487 00] gcry_cam.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 16304 Feb 27 2025 [ 1504 00] gcry_cas.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 10516 Feb 27 2025 [ 1512 00] gcry_crc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 19084 Feb 27 2025 [ 1518 00] gcry_des.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2180 Feb 27 2025 [ 1528 00] gcry_dsa.mod;1 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gdb.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5600 Feb 27 2025 [ 1633 00] geli.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4804 Feb 27 2025 [ 1636 00] gettext.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 39012 Feb 27 2025 [ 1639 00] gfxmenu.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 9872 Feb 27 2025 [ 1659 00] gfxterm.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2796 Feb 27 2025 [ 1664 00] gfxterm0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4888 Feb 27 2025 [ 1666 00] gfxterm1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3740 Feb 27 2025 [ 1669 00] gptsync.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 8740 Feb 27 2025 [ 1671 00] gzio.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4616 Feb 27 2025 [ 1676 00] halt.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5164 Feb 27 2025 [ 1679 00] hashsum.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6504 Feb 27 2025 [ 1682 00] hdparm.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1140 Feb 27 2025 [ 1686 00] hello.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2584 Feb 27 2025 [ 1687 00] help.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3052 Feb 27 2025 [ 1689 00] hexdump.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6864 Feb 27 2025 [ 1691 00] hfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 8092 Feb 27 2025 [ 1695 00] hfsplus.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2940 Feb 27 2025 [ 1699 00] hfsplusc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5820 Feb 27 2025 [ 1701 00] http.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2452 Feb 27 2025 [ 1704 00] hwmatch.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2780 Feb 27 2025 [ 1706 00] iorw.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 9132 Feb 27 2025 [ 1708 00] iso9660.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6108 Feb 27 2025 [ 1713 00] jfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 7720 Feb 27 2025 [ 1716 00] jpeg.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4268 Feb 27 2025 [ 1720 00] json.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4968 Feb 27 2025 [ 1723 00] keylayou.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1832 Feb 27 2025 [ 1726 00] keystatu.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6252 Feb 27 2025 [ 1727 00] ldm.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 14396 Feb 27 2025 [ 1731 00] legacy_p.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 30056 Feb 27 2025 [ 1739 00] legacycf.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 13504 Feb 27 2025 [ 1754 00] linux.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5516 Feb 27 2025 [ 1761 00] linux16.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5744 Feb 27 2025 [ 1764 00] loadenv.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3044 Feb 27 2025 [ 1767 00] loopback.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3864 Feb 27 2025 [ 1769 00] ls.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4740 Feb 27 2025 [ 1771 00] lsacpi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2236 Feb 27 2025 [ 1774 00] lsapm.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1792 Feb 27 2025 [ 1776 00] lsmmap.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4768 Feb 27 2025 [ 1777 00] lspci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3924 Feb 27 2025 [ 1780 00] luks.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 14168 Feb 27 2025 [ 1782 00] luks2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 8452 Feb 27 2025 [ 1789 00] lvm.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4812 Feb 27 2025 [ 1794 00] lzopio.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3212 Feb 27 2025 [ 1797 00] macbless.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 7376 Feb 27 2025 [ 1799 00] macho.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2020 Feb 27 2025 [ 1803 00] mda_text.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2104 Feb 27 2025 [ 1804 00] mdraid00.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1964 Feb 27 2025 [ 1806 00] mdraid01.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1880 Feb 27 2025 [ 1807 00] mdraid1x.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1968 Feb 27 2025 [ 1808 00] memdisk.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2788 Feb 27 2025 [ 1809 00] memrw.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3500 Feb 27 2025 [ 1811 00] minicmd.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3576 Feb 27 2025 [ 1813 00] minix.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3708 Feb 27 2025 [ 1815 00] minix2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3848 Feb 27 2025 [ 1817 00] minix2_b.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3632 Feb 27 2025 [ 1819 00] minix3.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3796 Feb 27 2025 [ 1821 00] minix3_b.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3716 Feb 27 2025 [ 1823 00] minix_be.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 8480 Feb 27 2025 [ 1825 00] mmap.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5786 Feb 27 2025 [ 1830 00] moddep.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2621 Feb 27 2025 [ 1833 00] modinfo.sh;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2316 Feb 27 2025 [ 1835 00] morse.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 27452 Feb 27 2025 [ 1837 00] mpi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2392 Feb 27 2025 [ 1851 00] msdospar.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1972 Feb 27 2025 [ 1853 00] mul_test.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 14900 Feb 27 2025 [ 1854 00] multibo0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 15932 Feb 27 2025 [ 1862 00] multibo1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4148 Feb 27 2025 [ 1870 00] nativedi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 58420 Feb 27 2025 [ 1873 00] net.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2812 Feb 27 2025 [ 1902 00] newc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6716 Feb 27 2025 [ 1904 00] nilfs2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 114852 Feb 27 2025 [ 1908 00] normal.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 10616 Feb 27 2025 [ 1965 00] ntfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4240 Feb 27 2025 [ 1971 00] ntfscomp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2504 Feb 27 2025 [ 1974 00] ntldr.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2664 Feb 27 2025 [ 1976 00] odc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1440 Feb 27 2025 [ 1978 00] offsetio.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 10288 Feb 27 2025 [ 1979 00] ohci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1588 Feb 27 2025 [ 1985 00] part_aco.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1812 Feb 27 2025 [ 1986 00] part_ami.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2052 Feb 27 2025 [ 1987 00] part_app.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2680 Feb 27 2025 [ 1989 00] part_bsd.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1712 Feb 27 2025 [ 1991 00] part_dfl.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1424 Feb 27 2025 [ 1992 00] part_dvh.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2300 Feb 27 2025 [ 1993 00] part_gpt.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2284 Feb 27 2025 [ 1995 00] part_msd.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1732 Feb 27 2025 [ 1997 00] part_pla.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1436 Feb 27 2025 [ 1998 00] part_su0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1588 Feb 27 2025 [ 1999 00] part_su1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 111 Feb 27 2025 [ 2000 00] partmap.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 17 Feb 27 2025 [ 2001 00] parttool.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4632 Feb 27 2025 [ 2002 00] parttool.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1820 Feb 27 2025 [ 2005 00] passwor0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2732 Feb 27 2025 [ 2006 00] passwor1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4808 Feb 27 2025 [ 2008 00] pata.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1312 Feb 27 2025 [ 2011 00] pbkdf2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2088 Feb 27 2025 [ 2012 00] pbkdf2_t.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1316 Feb 27 2025 [ 2014 00] pci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2364 Feb 27 2025 [ 2015 00] pcidump.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 11304 Feb 27 2025 [ 2017 00] pgp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 7172 Feb 27 2025 [ 2023 00] plainmou.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6268 Feb 27 2025 [ 2027 00] plan9.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2448 Feb 27 2025 [ 2031 00] play.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 7984 Feb 27 2025 [ 2033 00] png.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1512 Feb 27 2025 [ 2037 00] priority.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3500 Feb 27 2025 [ 2038 00] probe.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2256 Feb 27 2025 [ 2040 00] procfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2144 Feb 27 2025 [ 2042 00] progress.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3672 Feb 27 2025 [ 2044 00] pxe.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2608 Feb 27 2025 [ 2046 00] pxechain.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1288 Feb 27 2025 [ 2048 00] raid5rec.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2188 Feb 27 2025 [ 2049 00] raid6rec.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3668 Feb 27 2025 [ 2051 00] random.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1832 Feb 27 2025 [ 2053 00] rdmsr.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1676 Feb 27 2025 [ 2054 00] read.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1628 Feb 27 2025 [ 2055 00] reboot.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 50888 Feb 27 2025 [ 2056 00] regexp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 8648 Feb 27 2025 [ 2081 00] reiserfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 15036 Feb 27 2025 [ 2086 00] relocato.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4064 Feb 27 2025 [ 2094 00] romfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4612 Feb 27 2025 [ 2096 00] scsi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3688 Feb 27 2025 [ 2099 00] search.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3128 Feb 27 2025 [ 2101 00] search_0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3192 Feb 27 2025 [ 2103 00] search_1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3124 Feb 27 2025 [ 2105 00] search_l.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6996 Feb 27 2025 [ 2107 00] sendkey.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 9372 Feb 27 2025 [ 2111 00] serial.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 628 Feb 27 2025 [ 2116 00] setjmp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1624 Feb 27 2025 [ 2117 00] setjmp_t.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5208 Feb 27 2025 [ 2118 00] setpci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5080 Feb 27 2025 [ 2121 00] sfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2424 Feb 27 2025 [ 2124 00] shift_te.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6360 Feb 27 2025 [ 2126 00] signatur.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2116 Feb 27 2025 [ 2130 00] sleep.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2312 Feb 27 2025 [ 2132 00] sleep_te.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5504 Feb 27 2025 [ 2134 00] smbios.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2008 Feb 27 2025 [ 2137 00] spkmodem.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 7080 Feb 27 2025 [ 2138 00] squash4.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2112 Feb 27 2025 [ 2142 00] strtoull.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 17328 Feb 27 2025 [ 2144 00] syslinux.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3168 Feb 27 2025 [ 2153 00] tar.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 202 Feb 27 2025 [ 2155 00] terminal.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4432 Feb 27 2025 [ 2156 00] terminal.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 12212 Feb 27 2025 [ 2159 00] terminfo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5080 Feb 27 2025 [ 2165 00] test.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1272 Feb 27 2025 [ 2168 00] test_blo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2712 Feb 27 2025 [ 2169 00] testload.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2244 Feb 27 2025 [ 2171 00] testspee.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5264 Feb 27 2025 [ 2173 00] tftp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4592 Feb 27 2025 [ 2176 00] tga.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1456 Feb 27 2025 [ 2179 00] time.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2320 Feb 27 2025 [ 2180 00] tr.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1656 Feb 27 2025 [ 2182 00] trig.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1152 Feb 27 2025 [ 2183 00] true.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3556 Feb 27 2025 [ 2184 00] truecryp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 8768 Feb 27 2025 [ 2186 00] udf.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5216 Feb 27 2025 [ 2191 00] ufs1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5648 Feb 27 2025 [ 2194 00] ufs1_be.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5328 Feb 27 2025 [ 2197 00] ufs2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6492 Feb 27 2025 [ 2200 00] uhci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 10368 Feb 27 2025 [ 2204 00] usb.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3740 Feb 27 2025 [ 2210 00] usb_keyb.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6904 Feb 27 2025 [ 2212 00] usbms.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1924 Feb 27 2025 [ 2216 00] usbseri0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2272 Feb 27 2025 [ 2217 00] usbseri1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2632 Feb 27 2025 [ 2219 00] usbseri2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1460 Feb 27 2025 [ 2221 00] usbseri3.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3560 Feb 27 2025 [ 2222 00] usbtest.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 9684 Feb 27 2025 [ 2224 00] vbe.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2604 Feb 27 2025 [ 2229 00] verifier.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4940 Feb 27 2025 [ 2231 00] vga.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2128 Feb 27 2025 [ 2234 00] vga_text.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 33 Feb 27 2025 [ 2236 00] video.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5928 Feb 27 2025 [ 2237 00] video.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5548 Feb 27 2025 [ 2240 00] video_bo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6020 Feb 27 2025 [ 2243 00] video_ci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5612 Feb 27 2025 [ 2246 00] video_co.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 21304 Feb 27 2025 [ 2249 00] video_fb.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3976 Feb 27 2025 [ 2260 00] videoinf.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4216 Feb 27 2025 [ 2262 00] videote0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2280 Feb 27 2025 [ 2265 00] videote1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1448 Feb 27 2025 [ 2267 00] wrmsr.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 7960 Feb 27 2025 [ 2268 00] xfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 27288 Feb 27 2025 [ 2272 00] xnu.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2084 Feb 27 2025 [ 2286 00] xnu_uui0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1924 Feb 27 2025 [ 2288 00] xnu_uui1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 14972 Feb 27 2025 [ 2289 00] xzio.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 40440 Feb 27 2025 [ 2297 00] zfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5468 Feb 27 2025 [ 2317 00] zfscrypt.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6484 Feb 27 2025 [ 2320 00] zfsinfo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 45736 Feb 27 2025 [ 2324 00] zstd.mod;1 \n+d--------- 0 0 0 38912 Apr 2 2026 [ 24 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n+---------- 0 0 0 7820 Apr 2 2026 [ 1228 00] 915resol.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 10576 Apr 2 2026 [ 1232 00] acpi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1200 Apr 2 2026 [ 1238 00] adler32.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5644 Apr 2 2026 [ 1239 00] affs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6032 Apr 2 2026 [ 1242 00] afs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1508 Apr 2 2026 [ 1245 00] afsplitt.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 15608 Apr 2 2026 [ 1246 00] ahci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 492 Apr 2 2026 [ 1254 00] all_vide.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 956 Apr 2 2026 [ 1255 00] aout.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2936 Apr 2 2026 [ 1256 00] archelp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4116 Apr 2 2026 [ 1258 00] at_keybo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5544 Apr 2 2026 [ 1261 00] ata.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1576 Apr 2 2026 [ 1264 00] backtrac.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6748 Apr 2 2026 [ 1265 00] bfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4616 Apr 2 2026 [ 1269 00] biosdisk.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2188 Apr 2 2026 [ 1272 00] bitmap.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3600 Apr 2 2026 [ 1274 00] bitmap_s.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2004 Apr 2 2026 [ 1276 00] blocklis.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2628 Apr 2 2026 [ 1277 00] boot.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 31176 Apr 2 2026 [ 1279 00] bsd.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2280 Apr 2 2026 [ 1295 00] bswap_te.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 19644 Apr 2 2026 [ 1297 00] btrfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2088 Apr 2 2026 [ 1307 00] bufio.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2816 Apr 2 2026 [ 1309 00] cat.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3852 Apr 2 2026 [ 1311 00] cbfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3336 Apr 2 2026 [ 1313 00] cbls.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2440 Apr 2 2026 [ 1315 00] cbmemc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1048 Apr 2 2026 [ 1317 00] cbtable.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2752 Apr 2 2026 [ 1318 00] cbtime.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3396 Apr 2 2026 [ 1320 00] chain.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2944 Apr 2 2026 [ 1322 00] cmdline_.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1164 Apr 2 2026 [ 1324 00] cmosdump.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1824 Apr 2 2026 [ 1325 00] cmostest.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2208 Apr 2 2026 [ 1326 00] cmp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4580 Apr 2 2026 [ 1328 00] cmp_test.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3931 Apr 2 2026 [ 1331 00] command.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2204 Apr 2 2026 [ 1333 00] configfi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2588 Apr 2 2026 [ 1335 00] cpio.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2668 Apr 2 2026 [ 1337 00] cpio_be.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1652 Apr 2 2026 [ 1339 00] cpuid.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1552 Apr 2 2026 [ 1340 00] crc64.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 936 Apr 2 2026 [ 1341 00] crypto.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4896 Apr 2 2026 [ 1342 00] crypto.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 14640 Apr 2 2026 [ 1345 00] cryptodi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3584 Apr 2 2026 [ 1353 00] cs5536.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1684 Apr 2 2026 [ 1355 00] ctz_test.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2096 Apr 2 2026 [ 1356 00] date.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1720 Apr 2 2026 [ 1358 00] datehook.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2148 Apr 2 2026 [ 1359 00] datetime.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2364 Apr 2 2026 [ 1361 00] disk.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 9816 Apr 2 2026 [ 1363 00] diskfilt.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 956 Apr 2 2026 [ 1368 00] div.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5504 Apr 2 2026 [ 1369 00] div_test.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1768 Apr 2 2026 [ 1372 00] dm_nv.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5296 Apr 2 2026 [ 1373 00] drivemap.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1896 Apr 2 2026 [ 1376 00] echo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 23624 Apr 2 2026 [ 1377 00] efiemu.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 7644 Apr 2 2026 [ 1389 00] efiemu32.o;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 11048 Apr 2 2026 [ 1393 00] efiemu64.o;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 16128 Apr 2 2026 [ 1399 00] ehci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5824 Apr 2 2026 [ 1407 00] elf.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 31105 Apr 2 2026 [ 1410 00] eltorito.img;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1368 Apr 2 2026 [ 1426 00] eval.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5972 Apr 2 2026 [ 1427 00] exfat.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1380 Apr 2 2026 [ 1430 00] exfctest.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6056 Apr 2 2026 [ 1431 00] ext2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4616 Apr 2 2026 [ 1434 00] extcmd.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6432 Apr 2 2026 [ 1437 00] f2fs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6116 Apr 2 2026 [ 1441 00] fat.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 17100 Apr 2 2026 [ 1444 00] file.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 13840 Apr 2 2026 [ 1453 00] font.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2612 Apr 2 2026 [ 1460 00] freedos.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 219 Apr 2 2026 [ 1462 00] fs.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2924 Apr 2 2026 [ 1463 00] fshelp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 34144 Apr 2 2026 [ 1465 00] function.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1580 Apr 2 2026 [ 1482 00] gcry_arc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 7976 Apr 2 2026 [ 1483 00] gcry_blo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 33532 Apr 2 2026 [ 1487 00] gcry_cam.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 16304 Apr 2 2026 [ 1504 00] gcry_cas.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 10516 Apr 2 2026 [ 1512 00] gcry_crc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 19084 Apr 2 2026 [ 1518 00] gcry_des.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2180 Apr 2 2026 [ 1528 00] gcry_dsa.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2872 Apr 2 2026 [ 1530 00] gcry_ide.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3024 Apr 2 2026 [ 1532 00] gcry_md4.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3632 Apr 2 2026 [ 1534 00] gcry_md5.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2260 Apr 2 2026 [ 1536 00] gcry_rfc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 19280 Apr 2 2026 [ 1538 00] gcry_rij.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8200 Apr 2 2026 [ 1548 00] gcry_rmd.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1960 Apr 2 2026 [ 1553 00] gcry_rsa.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 14772 Apr 2 2026 [ 1554 00] gcry_see.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 17740 Apr 2 2026 [ 1562 00] gcry_ser.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8536 Apr 2 2026 [ 1571 00] gcry_sh0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4324 Apr 2 2026 [ 1576 00] gcry_sh1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 7724 Apr 2 2026 [ 1579 00] gcry_sh2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 13472 Apr 2 2026 [ 1583 00] gcry_tig.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 36800 Apr 2 2026 [ 1590 00] gcry_two.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 24504 Apr 2 2026 [ 1608 00] gcry_whi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 25096 Apr 2 2026 [ 1620 00] gdb.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5600 Apr 2 2026 [ 1633 00] geli.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4804 Apr 2 2026 [ 1636 00] gettext.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 39012 Apr 2 2026 [ 1639 00] gfxmenu.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 9872 Apr 2 2026 [ 1659 00] gfxterm.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2796 Apr 2 2026 [ 1664 00] gfxterm0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4888 Apr 2 2026 [ 1666 00] gfxterm1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3740 Apr 2 2026 [ 1669 00] gptsync.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8740 Apr 2 2026 [ 1671 00] gzio.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4616 Apr 2 2026 [ 1676 00] halt.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5164 Apr 2 2026 [ 1679 00] hashsum.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6504 Apr 2 2026 [ 1682 00] hdparm.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1140 Apr 2 2026 [ 1686 00] hello.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2584 Apr 2 2026 [ 1687 00] help.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3052 Apr 2 2026 [ 1689 00] hexdump.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6864 Apr 2 2026 [ 1691 00] hfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8092 Apr 2 2026 [ 1695 00] hfsplus.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2940 Apr 2 2026 [ 1699 00] hfsplusc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5820 Apr 2 2026 [ 1701 00] http.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2452 Apr 2 2026 [ 1704 00] hwmatch.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2780 Apr 2 2026 [ 1706 00] iorw.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 9132 Apr 2 2026 [ 1708 00] iso9660.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6108 Apr 2 2026 [ 1713 00] jfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 7720 Apr 2 2026 [ 1716 00] jpeg.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4268 Apr 2 2026 [ 1720 00] json.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4968 Apr 2 2026 [ 1723 00] keylayou.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1832 Apr 2 2026 [ 1726 00] keystatu.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6252 Apr 2 2026 [ 1727 00] ldm.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 14396 Apr 2 2026 [ 1731 00] legacy_p.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 30056 Apr 2 2026 [ 1739 00] legacycf.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 13504 Apr 2 2026 [ 1754 00] linux.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5516 Apr 2 2026 [ 1761 00] linux16.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5744 Apr 2 2026 [ 1764 00] loadenv.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3044 Apr 2 2026 [ 1767 00] loopback.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3864 Apr 2 2026 [ 1769 00] ls.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4740 Apr 2 2026 [ 1771 00] lsacpi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2236 Apr 2 2026 [ 1774 00] lsapm.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1792 Apr 2 2026 [ 1776 00] lsmmap.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4768 Apr 2 2026 [ 1777 00] lspci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3924 Apr 2 2026 [ 1780 00] luks.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 14168 Apr 2 2026 [ 1782 00] luks2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8452 Apr 2 2026 [ 1789 00] lvm.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4812 Apr 2 2026 [ 1794 00] lzopio.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3212 Apr 2 2026 [ 1797 00] macbless.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 7376 Apr 2 2026 [ 1799 00] macho.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2020 Apr 2 2026 [ 1803 00] mda_text.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2104 Apr 2 2026 [ 1804 00] mdraid00.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1964 Apr 2 2026 [ 1806 00] mdraid01.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1880 Apr 2 2026 [ 1807 00] mdraid1x.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1968 Apr 2 2026 [ 1808 00] memdisk.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2788 Apr 2 2026 [ 1809 00] memrw.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3500 Apr 2 2026 [ 1811 00] minicmd.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3576 Apr 2 2026 [ 1813 00] minix.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3708 Apr 2 2026 [ 1815 00] minix2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3848 Apr 2 2026 [ 1817 00] minix2_b.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3632 Apr 2 2026 [ 1819 00] minix3.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3796 Apr 2 2026 [ 1821 00] minix3_b.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3716 Apr 2 2026 [ 1823 00] minix_be.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8480 Apr 2 2026 [ 1825 00] mmap.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5786 Apr 2 2026 [ 1830 00] moddep.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2619 Apr 2 2026 [ 1833 00] modinfo.sh;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2316 Apr 2 2026 [ 1835 00] morse.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 27452 Apr 2 2026 [ 1837 00] mpi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2392 Apr 2 2026 [ 1851 00] msdospar.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1972 Apr 2 2026 [ 1853 00] mul_test.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 14900 Apr 2 2026 [ 1854 00] multibo0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 15932 Apr 2 2026 [ 1862 00] multibo1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4148 Apr 2 2026 [ 1870 00] nativedi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 58420 Apr 2 2026 [ 1873 00] net.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2812 Apr 2 2026 [ 1902 00] newc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6716 Apr 2 2026 [ 1904 00] nilfs2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 114852 Apr 2 2026 [ 1908 00] normal.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 10616 Apr 2 2026 [ 1965 00] ntfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4240 Apr 2 2026 [ 1971 00] ntfscomp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2504 Apr 2 2026 [ 1974 00] ntldr.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2664 Apr 2 2026 [ 1976 00] odc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1440 Apr 2 2026 [ 1978 00] offsetio.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 10288 Apr 2 2026 [ 1979 00] ohci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1588 Apr 2 2026 [ 1985 00] part_aco.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1812 Apr 2 2026 [ 1986 00] part_ami.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2052 Apr 2 2026 [ 1987 00] part_app.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2680 Apr 2 2026 [ 1989 00] part_bsd.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1712 Apr 2 2026 [ 1991 00] part_dfl.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1424 Apr 2 2026 [ 1992 00] part_dvh.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2300 Apr 2 2026 [ 1993 00] part_gpt.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2284 Apr 2 2026 [ 1995 00] part_msd.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1732 Apr 2 2026 [ 1997 00] part_pla.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1436 Apr 2 2026 [ 1998 00] part_su0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1588 Apr 2 2026 [ 1999 00] part_su1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 111 Apr 2 2026 [ 2000 00] partmap.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 17 Apr 2 2026 [ 2001 00] parttool.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4632 Apr 2 2026 [ 2002 00] parttool.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1820 Apr 2 2026 [ 2005 00] passwor0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2732 Apr 2 2026 [ 2006 00] passwor1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4808 Apr 2 2026 [ 2008 00] pata.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1312 Apr 2 2026 [ 2011 00] pbkdf2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2088 Apr 2 2026 [ 2012 00] pbkdf2_t.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1316 Apr 2 2026 [ 2014 00] pci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2364 Apr 2 2026 [ 2015 00] pcidump.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 11304 Apr 2 2026 [ 2017 00] pgp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 7172 Apr 2 2026 [ 2023 00] plainmou.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6268 Apr 2 2026 [ 2027 00] plan9.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2448 Apr 2 2026 [ 2031 00] play.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 7984 Apr 2 2026 [ 2033 00] png.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1512 Apr 2 2026 [ 2037 00] priority.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3500 Apr 2 2026 [ 2038 00] probe.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2256 Apr 2 2026 [ 2040 00] procfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2144 Apr 2 2026 [ 2042 00] progress.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3672 Apr 2 2026 [ 2044 00] pxe.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2608 Apr 2 2026 [ 2046 00] pxechain.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1288 Apr 2 2026 [ 2048 00] raid5rec.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2188 Apr 2 2026 [ 2049 00] raid6rec.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3668 Apr 2 2026 [ 2051 00] random.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1832 Apr 2 2026 [ 2053 00] rdmsr.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1676 Apr 2 2026 [ 2054 00] read.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1628 Apr 2 2026 [ 2055 00] reboot.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 50888 Apr 2 2026 [ 2056 00] regexp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8648 Apr 2 2026 [ 2081 00] reiserfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 15036 Apr 2 2026 [ 2086 00] relocato.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4064 Apr 2 2026 [ 2094 00] romfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4612 Apr 2 2026 [ 2096 00] scsi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3688 Apr 2 2026 [ 2099 00] search.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3128 Apr 2 2026 [ 2101 00] search_0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3192 Apr 2 2026 [ 2103 00] search_1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3124 Apr 2 2026 [ 2105 00] search_l.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6996 Apr 2 2026 [ 2107 00] sendkey.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 9372 Apr 2 2026 [ 2111 00] serial.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 628 Apr 2 2026 [ 2116 00] setjmp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1624 Apr 2 2026 [ 2117 00] setjmp_t.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5208 Apr 2 2026 [ 2118 00] setpci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5080 Apr 2 2026 [ 2121 00] sfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2424 Apr 2 2026 [ 2124 00] shift_te.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6360 Apr 2 2026 [ 2126 00] signatur.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2116 Apr 2 2026 [ 2130 00] sleep.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2312 Apr 2 2026 [ 2132 00] sleep_te.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5504 Apr 2 2026 [ 2134 00] smbios.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2008 Apr 2 2026 [ 2137 00] spkmodem.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 7080 Apr 2 2026 [ 2138 00] squash4.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2112 Apr 2 2026 [ 2142 00] strtoull.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 17328 Apr 2 2026 [ 2144 00] syslinux.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3168 Apr 2 2026 [ 2153 00] tar.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 202 Apr 2 2026 [ 2155 00] terminal.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4432 Apr 2 2026 [ 2156 00] terminal.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 12212 Apr 2 2026 [ 2159 00] terminfo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5080 Apr 2 2026 [ 2165 00] test.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1272 Apr 2 2026 [ 2168 00] test_blo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2712 Apr 2 2026 [ 2169 00] testload.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2244 Apr 2 2026 [ 2171 00] testspee.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5264 Apr 2 2026 [ 2173 00] tftp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4592 Apr 2 2026 [ 2176 00] tga.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1456 Apr 2 2026 [ 2179 00] time.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2320 Apr 2 2026 [ 2180 00] tr.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1656 Apr 2 2026 [ 2182 00] trig.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1152 Apr 2 2026 [ 2183 00] true.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3556 Apr 2 2026 [ 2184 00] truecryp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8768 Apr 2 2026 [ 2186 00] udf.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5216 Apr 2 2026 [ 2191 00] ufs1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5648 Apr 2 2026 [ 2194 00] ufs1_be.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5328 Apr 2 2026 [ 2197 00] ufs2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6492 Apr 2 2026 [ 2200 00] uhci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 10368 Apr 2 2026 [ 2204 00] usb.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3740 Apr 2 2026 [ 2210 00] usb_keyb.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6904 Apr 2 2026 [ 2212 00] usbms.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1924 Apr 2 2026 [ 2216 00] usbseri0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2272 Apr 2 2026 [ 2217 00] usbseri1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2632 Apr 2 2026 [ 2219 00] usbseri2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1460 Apr 2 2026 [ 2221 00] usbseri3.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3560 Apr 2 2026 [ 2222 00] usbtest.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 9684 Apr 2 2026 [ 2224 00] vbe.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2604 Apr 2 2026 [ 2229 00] verifier.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4940 Apr 2 2026 [ 2231 00] vga.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2128 Apr 2 2026 [ 2234 00] vga_text.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 33 Apr 2 2026 [ 2236 00] video.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5928 Apr 2 2026 [ 2237 00] video.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5548 Apr 2 2026 [ 2240 00] video_bo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6020 Apr 2 2026 [ 2243 00] video_ci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5612 Apr 2 2026 [ 2246 00] video_co.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 21304 Apr 2 2026 [ 2249 00] video_fb.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3976 Apr 2 2026 [ 2260 00] videoinf.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4216 Apr 2 2026 [ 2262 00] videote0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2280 Apr 2 2026 [ 2265 00] videote1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1448 Apr 2 2026 [ 2267 00] wrmsr.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 7960 Apr 2 2026 [ 2268 00] xfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 27288 Apr 2 2026 [ 2272 00] xnu.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2084 Apr 2 2026 [ 2286 00] xnu_uui0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1924 Apr 2 2026 [ 2288 00] xnu_uui1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 14972 Apr 2 2026 [ 2289 00] xzio.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 40440 Apr 2 2026 [ 2297 00] zfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5468 Apr 2 2026 [ 2317 00] zfscrypt.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6484 Apr 2 2026 [ 2320 00] zfsinfo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 45736 Apr 2 2026 [ 2324 00] zstd.mod;1 \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/locale/\n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 43 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 43 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/roms/\n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 44 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 44 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n"}, {"source1": "isoinfo -l -i {} -R", "source2": "isoinfo -l -i {} -R", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,325 +1,325 @@\n \n Directory listing of /\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 19 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 19 02] .. \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 21 02] boot \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 48 00] boot.catalog \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 19 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 19 02] .. \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 21 02] boot \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 48 00] boot.catalog \n \n Directory listing of /boot/\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 21 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 19 02] .. \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 22 02] grub \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 21 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 19 02] .. \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 22 02] grub \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 22 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 21 02] .. \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 23 02] fonts \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1705 Feb 27 2025 [ 1227 00] grub.cfg \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 38912 Feb 27 2025 [ 24 02] i386-pc \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 43 02] locale \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 44 02] roms \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 22 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 21 02] .. \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 23 02] fonts \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1705 Apr 2 2026 [ 1227 00] grub.cfg \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 38912 Apr 2 2026 [ 24 02] i386-pc \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 43 02] locale \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 44 02] roms \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/fonts/\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 23 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2411806 Feb 27 2025 [ 49 00] unicode.pf2 \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 23 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2411806 Apr 2 2026 [ 49 00] unicode.pf2 \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/i386-pc/\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 38912 Feb 27 2025 [ 24 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7820 Feb 27 2025 [ 1228 00] 915resolution.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10576 Feb 27 2025 [ 1232 00] acpi.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1200 Feb 27 2025 [ 1238 00] adler32.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5644 Feb 27 2025 [ 1239 00] affs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6032 Feb 27 2025 [ 1242 00] afs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1508 Feb 27 2025 [ 1245 00] afsplitter.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 15608 Feb 27 2025 [ 1246 00] ahci.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 492 Feb 27 2025 [ 1254 00] all_video.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 956 Feb 27 2025 [ 1255 00] aout.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2936 Feb 27 2025 [ 1256 00] archelp.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4116 Feb 27 2025 [ 1258 00] at_keyboard.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5544 Feb 27 2025 [ 1261 00] ata.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1576 Feb 27 2025 [ 1264 00] backtrace.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6748 Feb 27 2025 [ 1265 00] bfs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4616 Feb 27 2025 [ 1269 00] biosdisk.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2188 Feb 27 2025 [ 1272 00] bitmap.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3600 Feb 27 2025 [ 1274 00] bitmap_scale.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2004 Feb 27 2025 [ 1276 00] blocklist.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2628 Feb 27 2025 [ 1277 00] boot.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 31176 Feb 27 2025 [ 1279 00] bsd.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2280 Feb 27 2025 [ 1295 00] bswap_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 19644 Feb 27 2025 [ 1297 00] btrfs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2088 Feb 27 2025 [ 1307 00] bufio.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2816 Feb 27 2025 [ 1309 00] cat.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3852 Feb 27 2025 [ 1311 00] cbfs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3336 Feb 27 2025 [ 1313 00] cbls.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2440 Feb 27 2025 [ 1315 00] cbmemc.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1048 Feb 27 2025 [ 1317 00] cbtable.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2752 Feb 27 2025 [ 1318 00] cbtime.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3396 Feb 27 2025 [ 1320 00] chain.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2944 Feb 27 2025 [ 1322 00] cmdline_cat_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1164 Feb 27 2025 [ 1324 00] cmosdump.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1824 Feb 27 2025 [ 1325 00] cmostest.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2208 Feb 27 2025 [ 1326 00] cmp.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4580 Feb 27 2025 [ 1328 00] cmp_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3931 Feb 27 2025 [ 1331 00] command.lst \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2204 Feb 27 2025 [ 1333 00] configfile.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2588 Feb 27 2025 [ 1335 00] cpio.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2668 Feb 27 2025 [ 1337 00] cpio_be.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1652 Feb 27 2025 [ 1339 00] cpuid.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1552 Feb 27 2025 [ 1340 00] crc64.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 936 Feb 27 2025 [ 1341 00] crypto.lst \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4896 Feb 27 2025 [ 1342 00] crypto.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14640 Feb 27 2025 [ 1345 00] cryptodisk.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3584 Feb 27 2025 [ 1353 00] cs5536.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1684 Feb 27 2025 [ 1355 00] ctz_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2096 Feb 27 2025 [ 1356 00] date.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1720 Feb 27 2025 [ 1358 00] datehook.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2148 Feb 27 2025 [ 1359 00] datetime.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2364 Feb 27 2025 [ 1361 00] disk.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9816 Feb 27 2025 [ 1363 00] diskfilter.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 956 Feb 27 2025 [ 1368 00] div.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5504 Feb 27 2025 [ 1369 00] div_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1768 Feb 27 2025 [ 1372 00] dm_nv.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5296 Feb 27 2025 [ 1373 00] drivemap.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1896 Feb 27 2025 [ 1376 00] echo.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 23624 Feb 27 2025 [ 1377 00] efiemu.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7644 Feb 27 2025 [ 1389 00] efiemu32.o \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 11048 Feb 27 2025 [ 1393 00] efiemu64.o \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 16128 Feb 27 2025 [ 1399 00] ehci.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5824 Feb 27 2025 [ 1407 00] elf.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 31105 Feb 27 2025 [ 1410 00] eltorito.img \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1368 Feb 27 2025 [ 1426 00] eval.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5972 Feb 27 2025 [ 1427 00] exfat.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1380 Feb 27 2025 [ 1430 00] exfctest.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6056 Feb 27 2025 [ 1431 00] ext2.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4616 Feb 27 2025 [ 1434 00] extcmd.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6432 Feb 27 2025 [ 1437 00] f2fs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6116 Feb 27 2025 [ 1441 00] fat.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17100 Feb 27 2025 [ 1444 00] file.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 13840 Feb 27 2025 [ 1453 00] font.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2612 Feb 27 2025 [ 1460 00] freedos.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 219 Feb 27 2025 [ 1462 00] fs.lst \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2924 Feb 27 2025 [ 1463 00] fshelp.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 34144 Feb 27 2025 [ 1465 00] functional_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1580 Feb 27 2025 [ 1482 00] gcry_arcfour.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7976 Feb 27 2025 [ 1483 00] gcry_blowfish.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 33532 Feb 27 2025 [ 1487 00] gcry_camellia.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 16304 Feb 27 2025 [ 1504 00] gcry_cast5.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10516 Feb 27 2025 [ 1512 00] gcry_crc.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 19084 Feb 27 2025 [ 1518 00] gcry_des.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2180 Feb 27 2025 [ 1528 00] gcry_dsa.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2872 Feb 27 2025 [ 1530 00] gcry_idea.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3024 Feb 27 2025 [ 1532 00] gcry_md4.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3632 Feb 27 2025 [ 1534 00] gcry_md5.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2260 Feb 27 2025 [ 1536 00] gcry_rfc2268.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 19280 Feb 27 2025 [ 1538 00] gcry_rijndael.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8200 Feb 27 2025 [ 1548 00] gcry_rmd160.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1960 Feb 27 2025 [ 1553 00] gcry_rsa.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14772 Feb 27 2025 [ 1554 00] gcry_seed.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17740 Feb 27 2025 [ 1562 00] gcry_serpent.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8536 Feb 27 2025 [ 1571 00] gcry_sha1.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4324 Feb 27 2025 [ 1576 00] gcry_sha256.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7724 Feb 27 2025 [ 1579 00] gcry_sha512.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 13472 Feb 27 2025 [ 1583 00] gcry_tiger.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 36800 Feb 27 2025 [ 1590 00] gcry_twofish.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 24504 Feb 27 2025 [ 1608 00] gcry_whirlpool.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 25096 Feb 27 2025 [ 1620 00] gdb.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5600 Feb 27 2025 [ 1633 00] geli.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4804 Feb 27 2025 [ 1636 00] gettext.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 39012 Feb 27 2025 [ 1639 00] gfxmenu.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9872 Feb 27 2025 [ 1659 00] gfxterm.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2796 Feb 27 2025 [ 1664 00] gfxterm_background.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4888 Feb 27 2025 [ 1666 00] gfxterm_menu.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3740 Feb 27 2025 [ 1669 00] gptsync.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8740 Feb 27 2025 [ 1671 00] gzio.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4616 Feb 27 2025 [ 1676 00] halt.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5164 Feb 27 2025 [ 1679 00] hashsum.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6504 Feb 27 2025 [ 1682 00] hdparm.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1140 Feb 27 2025 [ 1686 00] hello.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2584 Feb 27 2025 [ 1687 00] help.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3052 Feb 27 2025 [ 1689 00] hexdump.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6864 Feb 27 2025 [ 1691 00] hfs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8092 Feb 27 2025 [ 1695 00] hfsplus.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2940 Feb 27 2025 [ 1699 00] hfspluscomp.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5820 Feb 27 2025 [ 1701 00] http.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2452 Feb 27 2025 [ 1704 00] hwmatch.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2780 Feb 27 2025 [ 1706 00] iorw.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9132 Feb 27 2025 [ 1708 00] iso9660.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6108 Feb 27 2025 [ 1713 00] jfs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7720 Feb 27 2025 [ 1716 00] jpeg.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4268 Feb 27 2025 [ 1720 00] json.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4968 Feb 27 2025 [ 1723 00] keylayouts.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1832 Feb 27 2025 [ 1726 00] keystatus.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6252 Feb 27 2025 [ 1727 00] ldm.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14396 Feb 27 2025 [ 1731 00] legacy_password_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 30056 Feb 27 2025 [ 1739 00] legacycfg.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 13504 Feb 27 2025 [ 1754 00] linux.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5516 Feb 27 2025 [ 1761 00] linux16.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5744 Feb 27 2025 [ 1764 00] loadenv.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3044 Feb 27 2025 [ 1767 00] loopback.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3864 Feb 27 2025 [ 1769 00] ls.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4740 Feb 27 2025 [ 1771 00] lsacpi.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2236 Feb 27 2025 [ 1774 00] lsapm.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1792 Feb 27 2025 [ 1776 00] lsmmap.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4768 Feb 27 2025 [ 1777 00] lspci.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3924 Feb 27 2025 [ 1780 00] luks.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14168 Feb 27 2025 [ 1782 00] luks2.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8452 Feb 27 2025 [ 1789 00] lvm.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4812 Feb 27 2025 [ 1794 00] lzopio.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3212 Feb 27 2025 [ 1797 00] macbless.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7376 Feb 27 2025 [ 1799 00] macho.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2020 Feb 27 2025 [ 1803 00] mda_text.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2104 Feb 27 2025 [ 1804 00] mdraid09.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1964 Feb 27 2025 [ 1806 00] mdraid09_be.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1880 Feb 27 2025 [ 1807 00] mdraid1x.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1968 Feb 27 2025 [ 1808 00] memdisk.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2788 Feb 27 2025 [ 1809 00] memrw.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3500 Feb 27 2025 [ 1811 00] minicmd.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3576 Feb 27 2025 [ 1813 00] minix.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3708 Feb 27 2025 [ 1815 00] minix2.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3848 Feb 27 2025 [ 1817 00] minix2_be.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3632 Feb 27 2025 [ 1819 00] minix3.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3796 Feb 27 2025 [ 1821 00] minix3_be.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3716 Feb 27 2025 [ 1823 00] minix_be.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8480 Feb 27 2025 [ 1825 00] mmap.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5786 Feb 27 2025 [ 1830 00] moddep.lst \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2621 Feb 27 2025 [ 1833 00] modinfo.sh \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2316 Feb 27 2025 [ 1835 00] morse.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 27452 Feb 27 2025 [ 1837 00] mpi.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2392 Feb 27 2025 [ 1851 00] msdospart.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1972 Feb 27 2025 [ 1853 00] mul_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14900 Feb 27 2025 [ 1854 00] multiboot.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 15932 Feb 27 2025 [ 1862 00] multiboot2.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4148 Feb 27 2025 [ 1870 00] nativedisk.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 58420 Feb 27 2025 [ 1873 00] net.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2812 Feb 27 2025 [ 1902 00] newc.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6716 Feb 27 2025 [ 1904 00] nilfs2.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 114852 Feb 27 2025 [ 1908 00] normal.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10616 Feb 27 2025 [ 1965 00] ntfs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4240 Feb 27 2025 [ 1971 00] ntfscomp.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2504 Feb 27 2025 [ 1974 00] ntldr.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2664 Feb 27 2025 [ 1976 00] odc.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1440 Feb 27 2025 [ 1978 00] offsetio.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10288 Feb 27 2025 [ 1979 00] ohci.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1588 Feb 27 2025 [ 1985 00] part_acorn.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1812 Feb 27 2025 [ 1986 00] part_amiga.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2052 Feb 27 2025 [ 1987 00] part_apple.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2680 Feb 27 2025 [ 1989 00] part_bsd.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1712 Feb 27 2025 [ 1991 00] part_dfly.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1424 Feb 27 2025 [ 1992 00] part_dvh.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2300 Feb 27 2025 [ 1993 00] part_gpt.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2284 Feb 27 2025 [ 1995 00] part_msdos.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1732 Feb 27 2025 [ 1997 00] part_plan.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1436 Feb 27 2025 [ 1998 00] part_sun.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1588 Feb 27 2025 [ 1999 00] part_sunpc.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 111 Feb 27 2025 [ 2000 00] partmap.lst \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17 Feb 27 2025 [ 2001 00] parttool.lst \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4632 Feb 27 2025 [ 2002 00] parttool.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1820 Feb 27 2025 [ 2005 00] password.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2732 Feb 27 2025 [ 2006 00] password_pbkdf2.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4808 Feb 27 2025 [ 2008 00] pata.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1312 Feb 27 2025 [ 2011 00] pbkdf2.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2088 Feb 27 2025 [ 2012 00] pbkdf2_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1316 Feb 27 2025 [ 2014 00] pci.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2364 Feb 27 2025 [ 2015 00] pcidump.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 11304 Feb 27 2025 [ 2017 00] pgp.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7172 Feb 27 2025 [ 2023 00] plainmount.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6268 Feb 27 2025 [ 2027 00] plan9.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2448 Feb 27 2025 [ 2031 00] play.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7984 Feb 27 2025 [ 2033 00] png.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1512 Feb 27 2025 [ 2037 00] priority_queue.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3500 Feb 27 2025 [ 2038 00] probe.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2256 Feb 27 2025 [ 2040 00] procfs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2144 Feb 27 2025 [ 2042 00] progress.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3672 Feb 27 2025 [ 2044 00] pxe.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2608 Feb 27 2025 [ 2046 00] pxechain.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1288 Feb 27 2025 [ 2048 00] raid5rec.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2188 Feb 27 2025 [ 2049 00] raid6rec.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3668 Feb 27 2025 [ 2051 00] random.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1832 Feb 27 2025 [ 2053 00] rdmsr.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1676 Feb 27 2025 [ 2054 00] read.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1628 Feb 27 2025 [ 2055 00] reboot.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 50888 Feb 27 2025 [ 2056 00] regexp.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8648 Feb 27 2025 [ 2081 00] reiserfs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 15036 Feb 27 2025 [ 2086 00] relocator.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4064 Feb 27 2025 [ 2094 00] romfs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4612 Feb 27 2025 [ 2096 00] scsi.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3688 Feb 27 2025 [ 2099 00] search.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3128 Feb 27 2025 [ 2101 00] search_fs_file.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3192 Feb 27 2025 [ 2103 00] search_fs_uuid.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3124 Feb 27 2025 [ 2105 00] search_label.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6996 Feb 27 2025 [ 2107 00] sendkey.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9372 Feb 27 2025 [ 2111 00] serial.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 628 Feb 27 2025 [ 2116 00] setjmp.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1624 Feb 27 2025 [ 2117 00] setjmp_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5208 Feb 27 2025 [ 2118 00] setpci.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5080 Feb 27 2025 [ 2121 00] sfs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2424 Feb 27 2025 [ 2124 00] shift_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6360 Feb 27 2025 [ 2126 00] signature_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2116 Feb 27 2025 [ 2130 00] sleep.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2312 Feb 27 2025 [ 2132 00] sleep_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5504 Feb 27 2025 [ 2134 00] smbios.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2008 Feb 27 2025 [ 2137 00] spkmodem.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7080 Feb 27 2025 [ 2138 00] squash4.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2112 Feb 27 2025 [ 2142 00] strtoull_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17328 Feb 27 2025 [ 2144 00] syslinuxcfg.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3168 Feb 27 2025 [ 2153 00] tar.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 202 Feb 27 2025 [ 2155 00] terminal.lst \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4432 Feb 27 2025 [ 2156 00] terminal.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 12212 Feb 27 2025 [ 2159 00] terminfo.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5080 Feb 27 2025 [ 2165 00] test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1272 Feb 27 2025 [ 2168 00] test_blockarg.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2712 Feb 27 2025 [ 2169 00] testload.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2244 Feb 27 2025 [ 2171 00] testspeed.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5264 Feb 27 2025 [ 2173 00] tftp.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4592 Feb 27 2025 [ 2176 00] tga.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1456 Feb 27 2025 [ 2179 00] time.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2320 Feb 27 2025 [ 2180 00] tr.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1656 Feb 27 2025 [ 2182 00] trig.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1152 Feb 27 2025 [ 2183 00] true.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3556 Feb 27 2025 [ 2184 00] truecrypt.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8768 Feb 27 2025 [ 2186 00] udf.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5216 Feb 27 2025 [ 2191 00] ufs1.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5648 Feb 27 2025 [ 2194 00] ufs1_be.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5328 Feb 27 2025 [ 2197 00] ufs2.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6492 Feb 27 2025 [ 2200 00] uhci.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10368 Feb 27 2025 [ 2204 00] usb.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3740 Feb 27 2025 [ 2210 00] usb_keyboard.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6904 Feb 27 2025 [ 2212 00] usbms.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1924 Feb 27 2025 [ 2216 00] usbserial_common.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2272 Feb 27 2025 [ 2217 00] usbserial_ftdi.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2632 Feb 27 2025 [ 2219 00] usbserial_pl2303.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1460 Feb 27 2025 [ 2221 00] usbserial_usbdebug.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3560 Feb 27 2025 [ 2222 00] usbtest.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9684 Feb 27 2025 [ 2224 00] vbe.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2604 Feb 27 2025 [ 2229 00] verifiers.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4940 Feb 27 2025 [ 2231 00] vga.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2128 Feb 27 2025 [ 2234 00] vga_text.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 33 Feb 27 2025 [ 2236 00] video.lst \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5928 Feb 27 2025 [ 2237 00] video.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5548 Feb 27 2025 [ 2240 00] video_bochs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6020 Feb 27 2025 [ 2243 00] video_cirrus.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5612 Feb 27 2025 [ 2246 00] video_colors.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 21304 Feb 27 2025 [ 2249 00] video_fb.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3976 Feb 27 2025 [ 2260 00] videoinfo.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4216 Feb 27 2025 [ 2262 00] videotest.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2280 Feb 27 2025 [ 2265 00] videotest_checksum.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1448 Feb 27 2025 [ 2267 00] wrmsr.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7960 Feb 27 2025 [ 2268 00] xfs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 27288 Feb 27 2025 [ 2272 00] xnu.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2084 Feb 27 2025 [ 2286 00] xnu_uuid.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1924 Feb 27 2025 [ 2288 00] xnu_uuid_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14972 Feb 27 2025 [ 2289 00] xzio.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 40440 Feb 27 2025 [ 2297 00] zfs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5468 Feb 27 2025 [ 2317 00] zfscrypt.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6484 Feb 27 2025 [ 2320 00] zfsinfo.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 45736 Feb 27 2025 [ 2324 00] zstd.mod \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 38912 Apr 2 2026 [ 24 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7820 Apr 2 2026 [ 1228 00] 915resolution.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10576 Apr 2 2026 [ 1232 00] acpi.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1200 Apr 2 2026 [ 1238 00] adler32.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5644 Apr 2 2026 [ 1239 00] affs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6032 Apr 2 2026 [ 1242 00] afs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1508 Apr 2 2026 [ 1245 00] afsplitter.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 15608 Apr 2 2026 [ 1246 00] ahci.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 492 Apr 2 2026 [ 1254 00] all_video.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 956 Apr 2 2026 [ 1255 00] aout.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2936 Apr 2 2026 [ 1256 00] archelp.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4116 Apr 2 2026 [ 1258 00] at_keyboard.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5544 Apr 2 2026 [ 1261 00] ata.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1576 Apr 2 2026 [ 1264 00] backtrace.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6748 Apr 2 2026 [ 1265 00] bfs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4616 Apr 2 2026 [ 1269 00] biosdisk.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2188 Apr 2 2026 [ 1272 00] bitmap.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3600 Apr 2 2026 [ 1274 00] bitmap_scale.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2004 Apr 2 2026 [ 1276 00] blocklist.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2628 Apr 2 2026 [ 1277 00] boot.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 31176 Apr 2 2026 [ 1279 00] bsd.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2280 Apr 2 2026 [ 1295 00] bswap_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 19644 Apr 2 2026 [ 1297 00] btrfs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2088 Apr 2 2026 [ 1307 00] bufio.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2816 Apr 2 2026 [ 1309 00] cat.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3852 Apr 2 2026 [ 1311 00] cbfs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3336 Apr 2 2026 [ 1313 00] cbls.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2440 Apr 2 2026 [ 1315 00] cbmemc.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1048 Apr 2 2026 [ 1317 00] cbtable.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2752 Apr 2 2026 [ 1318 00] cbtime.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3396 Apr 2 2026 [ 1320 00] chain.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2944 Apr 2 2026 [ 1322 00] cmdline_cat_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1164 Apr 2 2026 [ 1324 00] cmosdump.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1824 Apr 2 2026 [ 1325 00] cmostest.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2208 Apr 2 2026 [ 1326 00] cmp.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4580 Apr 2 2026 [ 1328 00] cmp_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3931 Apr 2 2026 [ 1331 00] command.lst \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2204 Apr 2 2026 [ 1333 00] configfile.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2588 Apr 2 2026 [ 1335 00] cpio.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2668 Apr 2 2026 [ 1337 00] cpio_be.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1652 Apr 2 2026 [ 1339 00] cpuid.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1552 Apr 2 2026 [ 1340 00] crc64.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 936 Apr 2 2026 [ 1341 00] crypto.lst \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4896 Apr 2 2026 [ 1342 00] crypto.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14640 Apr 2 2026 [ 1345 00] cryptodisk.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3584 Apr 2 2026 [ 1353 00] cs5536.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1684 Apr 2 2026 [ 1355 00] ctz_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2096 Apr 2 2026 [ 1356 00] date.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1720 Apr 2 2026 [ 1358 00] datehook.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2148 Apr 2 2026 [ 1359 00] datetime.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2364 Apr 2 2026 [ 1361 00] disk.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9816 Apr 2 2026 [ 1363 00] diskfilter.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 956 Apr 2 2026 [ 1368 00] div.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5504 Apr 2 2026 [ 1369 00] div_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1768 Apr 2 2026 [ 1372 00] dm_nv.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5296 Apr 2 2026 [ 1373 00] drivemap.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1896 Apr 2 2026 [ 1376 00] echo.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 23624 Apr 2 2026 [ 1377 00] efiemu.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7644 Apr 2 2026 [ 1389 00] efiemu32.o \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 11048 Apr 2 2026 [ 1393 00] efiemu64.o \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 16128 Apr 2 2026 [ 1399 00] ehci.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5824 Apr 2 2026 [ 1407 00] elf.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 31105 Apr 2 2026 [ 1410 00] eltorito.img \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1368 Apr 2 2026 [ 1426 00] eval.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5972 Apr 2 2026 [ 1427 00] exfat.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1380 Apr 2 2026 [ 1430 00] exfctest.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6056 Apr 2 2026 [ 1431 00] ext2.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4616 Apr 2 2026 [ 1434 00] extcmd.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6432 Apr 2 2026 [ 1437 00] f2fs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6116 Apr 2 2026 [ 1441 00] fat.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17100 Apr 2 2026 [ 1444 00] file.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 13840 Apr 2 2026 [ 1453 00] font.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2612 Apr 2 2026 [ 1460 00] freedos.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 219 Apr 2 2026 [ 1462 00] fs.lst \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2924 Apr 2 2026 [ 1463 00] fshelp.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 34144 Apr 2 2026 [ 1465 00] functional_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1580 Apr 2 2026 [ 1482 00] gcry_arcfour.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7976 Apr 2 2026 [ 1483 00] gcry_blowfish.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 33532 Apr 2 2026 [ 1487 00] gcry_camellia.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 16304 Apr 2 2026 [ 1504 00] gcry_cast5.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10516 Apr 2 2026 [ 1512 00] gcry_crc.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 19084 Apr 2 2026 [ 1518 00] gcry_des.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2180 Apr 2 2026 [ 1528 00] gcry_dsa.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2872 Apr 2 2026 [ 1530 00] gcry_idea.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3024 Apr 2 2026 [ 1532 00] gcry_md4.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3632 Apr 2 2026 [ 1534 00] gcry_md5.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2260 Apr 2 2026 [ 1536 00] gcry_rfc2268.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 19280 Apr 2 2026 [ 1538 00] gcry_rijndael.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8200 Apr 2 2026 [ 1548 00] gcry_rmd160.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1960 Apr 2 2026 [ 1553 00] gcry_rsa.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14772 Apr 2 2026 [ 1554 00] gcry_seed.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17740 Apr 2 2026 [ 1562 00] gcry_serpent.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8536 Apr 2 2026 [ 1571 00] gcry_sha1.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4324 Apr 2 2026 [ 1576 00] gcry_sha256.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7724 Apr 2 2026 [ 1579 00] gcry_sha512.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 13472 Apr 2 2026 [ 1583 00] gcry_tiger.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 36800 Apr 2 2026 [ 1590 00] gcry_twofish.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 24504 Apr 2 2026 [ 1608 00] gcry_whirlpool.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 25096 Apr 2 2026 [ 1620 00] gdb.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5600 Apr 2 2026 [ 1633 00] geli.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4804 Apr 2 2026 [ 1636 00] gettext.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 39012 Apr 2 2026 [ 1639 00] gfxmenu.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9872 Apr 2 2026 [ 1659 00] gfxterm.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2796 Apr 2 2026 [ 1664 00] gfxterm_background.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4888 Apr 2 2026 [ 1666 00] gfxterm_menu.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3740 Apr 2 2026 [ 1669 00] gptsync.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8740 Apr 2 2026 [ 1671 00] gzio.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4616 Apr 2 2026 [ 1676 00] halt.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5164 Apr 2 2026 [ 1679 00] hashsum.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6504 Apr 2 2026 [ 1682 00] hdparm.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1140 Apr 2 2026 [ 1686 00] hello.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2584 Apr 2 2026 [ 1687 00] help.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3052 Apr 2 2026 [ 1689 00] hexdump.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6864 Apr 2 2026 [ 1691 00] hfs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8092 Apr 2 2026 [ 1695 00] hfsplus.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2940 Apr 2 2026 [ 1699 00] hfspluscomp.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5820 Apr 2 2026 [ 1701 00] http.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2452 Apr 2 2026 [ 1704 00] hwmatch.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2780 Apr 2 2026 [ 1706 00] iorw.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9132 Apr 2 2026 [ 1708 00] iso9660.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6108 Apr 2 2026 [ 1713 00] jfs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7720 Apr 2 2026 [ 1716 00] jpeg.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4268 Apr 2 2026 [ 1720 00] json.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4968 Apr 2 2026 [ 1723 00] keylayouts.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1832 Apr 2 2026 [ 1726 00] keystatus.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6252 Apr 2 2026 [ 1727 00] ldm.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14396 Apr 2 2026 [ 1731 00] legacy_password_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 30056 Apr 2 2026 [ 1739 00] legacycfg.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 13504 Apr 2 2026 [ 1754 00] linux.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5516 Apr 2 2026 [ 1761 00] linux16.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5744 Apr 2 2026 [ 1764 00] loadenv.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3044 Apr 2 2026 [ 1767 00] loopback.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3864 Apr 2 2026 [ 1769 00] ls.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4740 Apr 2 2026 [ 1771 00] lsacpi.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2236 Apr 2 2026 [ 1774 00] lsapm.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1792 Apr 2 2026 [ 1776 00] lsmmap.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4768 Apr 2 2026 [ 1777 00] lspci.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3924 Apr 2 2026 [ 1780 00] luks.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14168 Apr 2 2026 [ 1782 00] luks2.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8452 Apr 2 2026 [ 1789 00] lvm.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4812 Apr 2 2026 [ 1794 00] lzopio.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3212 Apr 2 2026 [ 1797 00] macbless.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7376 Apr 2 2026 [ 1799 00] macho.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2020 Apr 2 2026 [ 1803 00] mda_text.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2104 Apr 2 2026 [ 1804 00] mdraid09.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1964 Apr 2 2026 [ 1806 00] mdraid09_be.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1880 Apr 2 2026 [ 1807 00] mdraid1x.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1968 Apr 2 2026 [ 1808 00] memdisk.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2788 Apr 2 2026 [ 1809 00] memrw.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3500 Apr 2 2026 [ 1811 00] minicmd.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3576 Apr 2 2026 [ 1813 00] minix.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3708 Apr 2 2026 [ 1815 00] minix2.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3848 Apr 2 2026 [ 1817 00] minix2_be.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3632 Apr 2 2026 [ 1819 00] minix3.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3796 Apr 2 2026 [ 1821 00] minix3_be.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3716 Apr 2 2026 [ 1823 00] minix_be.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8480 Apr 2 2026 [ 1825 00] mmap.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5786 Apr 2 2026 [ 1830 00] moddep.lst \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2619 Apr 2 2026 [ 1833 00] modinfo.sh \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2316 Apr 2 2026 [ 1835 00] morse.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 27452 Apr 2 2026 [ 1837 00] mpi.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2392 Apr 2 2026 [ 1851 00] msdospart.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1972 Apr 2 2026 [ 1853 00] mul_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14900 Apr 2 2026 [ 1854 00] multiboot.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 15932 Apr 2 2026 [ 1862 00] multiboot2.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4148 Apr 2 2026 [ 1870 00] nativedisk.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 58420 Apr 2 2026 [ 1873 00] net.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2812 Apr 2 2026 [ 1902 00] newc.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6716 Apr 2 2026 [ 1904 00] nilfs2.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 114852 Apr 2 2026 [ 1908 00] normal.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10616 Apr 2 2026 [ 1965 00] ntfs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4240 Apr 2 2026 [ 1971 00] ntfscomp.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2504 Apr 2 2026 [ 1974 00] ntldr.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2664 Apr 2 2026 [ 1976 00] odc.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1440 Apr 2 2026 [ 1978 00] offsetio.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10288 Apr 2 2026 [ 1979 00] ohci.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1588 Apr 2 2026 [ 1985 00] part_acorn.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1812 Apr 2 2026 [ 1986 00] part_amiga.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2052 Apr 2 2026 [ 1987 00] part_apple.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2680 Apr 2 2026 [ 1989 00] part_bsd.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1712 Apr 2 2026 [ 1991 00] part_dfly.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1424 Apr 2 2026 [ 1992 00] part_dvh.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2300 Apr 2 2026 [ 1993 00] part_gpt.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2284 Apr 2 2026 [ 1995 00] part_msdos.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1732 Apr 2 2026 [ 1997 00] part_plan.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1436 Apr 2 2026 [ 1998 00] part_sun.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1588 Apr 2 2026 [ 1999 00] part_sunpc.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 111 Apr 2 2026 [ 2000 00] partmap.lst \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17 Apr 2 2026 [ 2001 00] parttool.lst \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4632 Apr 2 2026 [ 2002 00] parttool.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1820 Apr 2 2026 [ 2005 00] password.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2732 Apr 2 2026 [ 2006 00] password_pbkdf2.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4808 Apr 2 2026 [ 2008 00] pata.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1312 Apr 2 2026 [ 2011 00] pbkdf2.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2088 Apr 2 2026 [ 2012 00] pbkdf2_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1316 Apr 2 2026 [ 2014 00] pci.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2364 Apr 2 2026 [ 2015 00] pcidump.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 11304 Apr 2 2026 [ 2017 00] pgp.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7172 Apr 2 2026 [ 2023 00] plainmount.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6268 Apr 2 2026 [ 2027 00] plan9.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2448 Apr 2 2026 [ 2031 00] play.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7984 Apr 2 2026 [ 2033 00] png.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1512 Apr 2 2026 [ 2037 00] priority_queue.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3500 Apr 2 2026 [ 2038 00] probe.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2256 Apr 2 2026 [ 2040 00] procfs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2144 Apr 2 2026 [ 2042 00] progress.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3672 Apr 2 2026 [ 2044 00] pxe.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2608 Apr 2 2026 [ 2046 00] pxechain.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1288 Apr 2 2026 [ 2048 00] raid5rec.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2188 Apr 2 2026 [ 2049 00] raid6rec.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3668 Apr 2 2026 [ 2051 00] random.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1832 Apr 2 2026 [ 2053 00] rdmsr.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1676 Apr 2 2026 [ 2054 00] read.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1628 Apr 2 2026 [ 2055 00] reboot.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 50888 Apr 2 2026 [ 2056 00] regexp.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8648 Apr 2 2026 [ 2081 00] reiserfs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 15036 Apr 2 2026 [ 2086 00] relocator.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4064 Apr 2 2026 [ 2094 00] romfs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4612 Apr 2 2026 [ 2096 00] scsi.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3688 Apr 2 2026 [ 2099 00] search.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3128 Apr 2 2026 [ 2101 00] search_fs_file.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3192 Apr 2 2026 [ 2103 00] search_fs_uuid.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3124 Apr 2 2026 [ 2105 00] search_label.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6996 Apr 2 2026 [ 2107 00] sendkey.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9372 Apr 2 2026 [ 2111 00] serial.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 628 Apr 2 2026 [ 2116 00] setjmp.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1624 Apr 2 2026 [ 2117 00] setjmp_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5208 Apr 2 2026 [ 2118 00] setpci.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5080 Apr 2 2026 [ 2121 00] sfs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2424 Apr 2 2026 [ 2124 00] shift_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6360 Apr 2 2026 [ 2126 00] signature_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2116 Apr 2 2026 [ 2130 00] sleep.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2312 Apr 2 2026 [ 2132 00] sleep_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5504 Apr 2 2026 [ 2134 00] smbios.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2008 Apr 2 2026 [ 2137 00] spkmodem.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7080 Apr 2 2026 [ 2138 00] squash4.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2112 Apr 2 2026 [ 2142 00] strtoull_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17328 Apr 2 2026 [ 2144 00] syslinuxcfg.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3168 Apr 2 2026 [ 2153 00] tar.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 202 Apr 2 2026 [ 2155 00] terminal.lst \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4432 Apr 2 2026 [ 2156 00] terminal.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 12212 Apr 2 2026 [ 2159 00] terminfo.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5080 Apr 2 2026 [ 2165 00] test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1272 Apr 2 2026 [ 2168 00] test_blockarg.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2712 Apr 2 2026 [ 2169 00] testload.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2244 Apr 2 2026 [ 2171 00] testspeed.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5264 Apr 2 2026 [ 2173 00] tftp.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4592 Apr 2 2026 [ 2176 00] tga.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1456 Apr 2 2026 [ 2179 00] time.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2320 Apr 2 2026 [ 2180 00] tr.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1656 Apr 2 2026 [ 2182 00] trig.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1152 Apr 2 2026 [ 2183 00] true.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3556 Apr 2 2026 [ 2184 00] truecrypt.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8768 Apr 2 2026 [ 2186 00] udf.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5216 Apr 2 2026 [ 2191 00] ufs1.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5648 Apr 2 2026 [ 2194 00] ufs1_be.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5328 Apr 2 2026 [ 2197 00] ufs2.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6492 Apr 2 2026 [ 2200 00] uhci.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10368 Apr 2 2026 [ 2204 00] usb.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3740 Apr 2 2026 [ 2210 00] usb_keyboard.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6904 Apr 2 2026 [ 2212 00] usbms.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1924 Apr 2 2026 [ 2216 00] usbserial_common.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2272 Apr 2 2026 [ 2217 00] usbserial_ftdi.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2632 Apr 2 2026 [ 2219 00] usbserial_pl2303.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1460 Apr 2 2026 [ 2221 00] usbserial_usbdebug.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3560 Apr 2 2026 [ 2222 00] usbtest.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9684 Apr 2 2026 [ 2224 00] vbe.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2604 Apr 2 2026 [ 2229 00] verifiers.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4940 Apr 2 2026 [ 2231 00] vga.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2128 Apr 2 2026 [ 2234 00] vga_text.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 33 Apr 2 2026 [ 2236 00] video.lst \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5928 Apr 2 2026 [ 2237 00] video.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5548 Apr 2 2026 [ 2240 00] video_bochs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6020 Apr 2 2026 [ 2243 00] video_cirrus.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5612 Apr 2 2026 [ 2246 00] video_colors.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 21304 Apr 2 2026 [ 2249 00] video_fb.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3976 Apr 2 2026 [ 2260 00] videoinfo.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4216 Apr 2 2026 [ 2262 00] videotest.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2280 Apr 2 2026 [ 2265 00] videotest_checksum.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1448 Apr 2 2026 [ 2267 00] wrmsr.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7960 Apr 2 2026 [ 2268 00] xfs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 27288 Apr 2 2026 [ 2272 00] xnu.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2084 Apr 2 2026 [ 2286 00] xnu_uuid.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1924 Apr 2 2026 [ 2288 00] xnu_uuid_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14972 Apr 2 2026 [ 2289 00] xzio.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 40440 Apr 2 2026 [ 2297 00] zfs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5468 Apr 2 2026 [ 2317 00] zfscrypt.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6484 Apr 2 2026 [ 2320 00] zfsinfo.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 45736 Apr 2 2026 [ 2324 00] zstd.mod \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/locale/\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 43 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 43 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/roms/\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 44 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 44 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n"}, {"source1": "file list", "source2": 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boot/grub/i386-pc/probe.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2256 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/procfs.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2144 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/progress.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3672 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pxe.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2608 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pxechain.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1288 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/raid5rec.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2188 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/raid6rec.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3668 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/random.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1832 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/rdmsr.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1676 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/read.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1628 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/reboot.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 50888 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/regexp.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8648 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/reiserfs.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 15036 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/relocator.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4064 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/romfs.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4612 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/scsi.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3688 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/search.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3128 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/search_fs_file.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3192 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/search_fs_uuid.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3124 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/search_label.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6996 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/sendkey.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9372 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/serial.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 628 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/setjmp.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1624 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/setjmp_test.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5208 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/setpci.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5080 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/sfs.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2424 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/shift_test.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6360 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/signature_test.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2116 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/sleep.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2312 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/sleep_test.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5504 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/smbios.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2008 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/spkmodem.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7080 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/squash4.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2112 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/strtoull_test.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17328 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/syslinuxcfg.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3168 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/tar.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 202 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/terminal.lst\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4432 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/terminal.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 12212 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/terminfo.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5080 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/test.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1272 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/test_blockarg.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2712 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/testload.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2244 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/testspeed.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5264 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/tftp.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4592 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/tga.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1456 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/time.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2320 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/tr.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1656 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/trig.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1152 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/true.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3556 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/truecrypt.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8768 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/udf.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5216 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ufs1.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5648 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ufs1_be.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5328 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ufs2.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6492 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/uhci.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10368 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usb.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3740 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usb_keyboard.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6904 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbms.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1924 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbserial_common.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2272 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbserial_ftdi.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2632 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbserial_pl2303.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1460 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbserial_usbdebug.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3560 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbtest.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9684 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/vbe.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2604 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/verifiers.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4940 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/vga.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2128 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/vga_text.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 33 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video.lst\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5928 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5548 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video_bochs.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6020 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video_cirrus.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5612 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video_colors.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 21304 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video_fb.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3976 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/videoinfo.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4216 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/videotest.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2280 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/videotest_checksum.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1448 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/wrmsr.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7960 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xfs.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 27288 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xnu.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2084 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xnu_uuid.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1924 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xnu_uuid_test.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14972 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xzio.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 40440 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/zfs.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5468 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/zfscrypt.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6484 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/zfsinfo.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 45736 2026-04-02 06:25:58.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/zstd.mod\n"}, {"source1": "boot/grub/i386-pc/modinfo.sh", "source2": "boot/grub/i386-pc/modinfo.sh", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@\n-#!/bin/bash\n+#!/bin/sh\n \n # User-controllable options\n grub_modinfo_target_cpu=i386\n grub_modinfo_platform=pc\n grub_disk_cache_stats=0\n grub_boot_time_stats=0\n grub_have_font_source=1\n"}]}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub-rescue/grub-rescue-floppy.img", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub-rescue/grub-rescue-floppy.img", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "isoinfo -l -i {}", "source2": "isoinfo -l -i {}", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,324 +1,324 @@\n \n Directory listing of /\n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 19 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 19 02] .. \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 21 02] boot \n----------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 48 00] boot.cat;1 \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 19 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 19 02] .. \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 21 02] boot \n+---------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 48 00] boot.cat;1 \n \n Directory listing of /boot/\n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 21 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 19 02] .. \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 22 02] grub \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 21 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 19 02] .. \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 22 02] grub \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/\n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 22 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 21 02] .. \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 23 02] fonts \n----------- 0 0 0 1705 Feb 27 2025 [ 49 00] grub.cfg;1 \n-d--------- 0 0 0 38912 Feb 27 2025 [ 24 02] i386-pc \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 43 02] locale \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 44 02] roms \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 22 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 21 02] .. \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 23 02] fonts \n+---------- 0 0 0 1705 Apr 2 2026 [ 49 00] grub.cfg;1 \n+d--------- 0 0 0 38912 Apr 2 2026 [ 24 02] i386-pc \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 43 02] locale \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 44 02] roms \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/fonts/\n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 23 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 23 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/i386-pc/\n-d--------- 0 0 0 38912 Feb 27 2025 [ 24 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n----------- 0 0 0 3584 Feb 27 2025 [ 50 00] 915resol.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4324 Feb 27 2025 [ 52 00] acpi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 552 Feb 27 2025 [ 55 00] adler32.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2672 Feb 27 2025 [ 56 00] affs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3192 Feb 27 2025 [ 58 00] afs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 836 Feb 27 2025 [ 60 00] afsplitt.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5056 Feb 27 2025 [ 61 00] ahci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 240 Feb 27 2025 [ 64 00] all_vide.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 500 Feb 27 2025 [ 65 00] aout.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1588 Feb 27 2025 [ 66 00] archelp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2024 Feb 27 2025 [ 67 00] at_keybo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2708 Feb 27 2025 [ 68 00] ata.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 756 Feb 27 2025 [ 70 00] backtrac.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3608 Feb 27 2025 [ 71 00] bfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2532 Feb 27 2025 [ 73 00] biosdisk.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1156 Feb 27 2025 [ 75 00] bitmap.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2028 Feb 27 2025 [ 76 00] bitmap_s.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1084 Feb 27 2025 [ 77 00] blocklis.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1188 Feb 27 2025 [ 78 00] boot.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 12536 Feb 27 2025 [ 79 00] bsd.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1064 Feb 27 2025 [ 86 00] bswap_te.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 9148 Feb 27 2025 [ 87 00] btrfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1108 Feb 27 2025 [ 92 00] bufio.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1364 Feb 27 2025 [ 93 00] cat.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1856 Feb 27 2025 [ 94 00] cbfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1184 Feb 27 2025 [ 95 00] cbls.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 980 Feb 27 2025 [ 96 00] cbmemc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 544 Feb 27 2025 [ 97 00] cbtable.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1116 Feb 27 2025 [ 98 00] cbtime.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1576 Feb 27 2025 [ 99 00] chain.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1164 Feb 27 2025 [ 100 00] cmdline_.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 568 Feb 27 2025 [ 101 00] cmosdump.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 860 Feb 27 2025 [ 102 00] cmostest.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1016 Feb 27 2025 [ 103 00] cmp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1788 Feb 27 2025 [ 104 00] cmp_test.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1476 Feb 27 2025 [ 105 00] command.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 852 Feb 27 2025 [ 106 00] configfi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1256 Feb 27 2025 [ 107 00] cpio.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1296 Feb 27 2025 [ 108 00] cpio_be.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 724 Feb 27 2025 [ 109 00] cpuid.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 784 Feb 27 2025 [ 110 00] crc64.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 420 Feb 27 2025 [ 111 00] crypto.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2320 Feb 27 2025 [ 112 00] crypto.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6768 Feb 27 2025 [ 114 00] cryptodi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1480 Feb 27 2025 [ 118 00] cs5536.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 816 Feb 27 2025 [ 119 00] ctz_test.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1028 Feb 27 2025 [ 120 00] date.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 716 Feb 27 2025 [ 121 00] datehook.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1100 Feb 27 2025 [ 122 00] datetime.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1308 Feb 27 2025 [ 123 00] disk.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5280 Feb 27 2025 [ 124 00] diskfilt.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 508 Feb 27 2025 [ 127 00] div.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2236 Feb 27 2025 [ 128 00] div_test.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 844 Feb 27 2025 [ 130 00] dm_nv.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2416 Feb 27 2025 [ 131 00] drivemap.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 892 Feb 27 2025 [ 133 00] echo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 9388 Feb 27 2025 [ 134 00] efiemu.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3196 Feb 27 2025 [ 139 00] efiemu32.o;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3748 Feb 27 2025 [ 141 00] efiemu64.o;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6056 Feb 27 2025 [ 143 00] ehci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2472 Feb 27 2025 [ 146 00] elf.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 48566 Feb 27 2025 [ 148 00] eltorito.img;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 656 Feb 27 2025 [ 172 00] eval.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3380 Feb 27 2025 [ 173 00] exfat.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 560 Feb 27 2025 [ 175 00] exfctest.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3200 Feb 27 2025 [ 176 00] ext2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2436 Feb 27 2025 [ 178 00] extcmd.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3380 Feb 27 2025 [ 180 00] f2fs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3580 Feb 27 2025 [ 182 00] fat.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5856 Feb 27 2025 [ 184 00] file.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6588 Feb 27 2025 [ 187 00] font.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1164 Feb 27 2025 [ 191 00] freedos.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 208 Feb 27 2025 [ 192 00] fs.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1772 Feb 27 2025 [ 193 00] fshelp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 8520 Feb 27 2025 [ 194 00] function.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 792 Feb 27 2025 [ 199 00] gcry_arc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5516 Feb 27 2025 [ 200 00] gcry_blo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 8428 Feb 27 2025 [ 203 00] gcry_cam.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 10644 Feb 27 2025 [ 208 00] gcry_cas.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 8612 Feb 27 2025 [ 214 00] gcry_crc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4080 Feb 27 2025 [ 219 00] gcry_des.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 944 Feb 27 2025 [ 221 00] gcry_dsa.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1512 Feb 27 2025 [ 222 00] gcry_ide.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1440 Feb 27 2025 [ 223 00] gcry_md4.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1820 Feb 27 2025 [ 224 00] gcry_md5.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1308 Feb 27 2025 [ 225 00] gcry_rfc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 7540 Feb 27 2025 [ 226 00] gcry_rij.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2732 Feb 27 2025 [ 230 00] gcry_rmd.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 892 Feb 27 2025 [ 232 00] gcry_rsa.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4508 Feb 27 2025 [ 233 00] gcry_see.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5336 Feb 27 2025 [ 236 00] gcry_ser.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3156 Feb 27 2025 [ 239 00] gcry_sh0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2088 Feb 27 2025 [ 241 00] gcry_sh1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2956 Feb 27 2025 [ 243 00] gcry_sh2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 10688 Feb 27 2025 [ 245 00] gcry_tig.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 9848 Feb 27 2025 [ 251 00] gcry_two.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6056 Feb 27 2025 [ 256 00] gcry_whi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3780 Feb 27 2025 [ 259 00] gdb.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2552 Feb 27 2025 [ 261 00] geli.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2128 Feb 27 2025 [ 263 00] gettext.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 15588 Feb 27 2025 [ 265 00] gfxmenu.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3880 Feb 27 2025 [ 273 00] gfxterm.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1128 Feb 27 2025 [ 275 00] gfxterm0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1852 Feb 27 2025 [ 276 00] gfxterm1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1816 Feb 27 2025 [ 277 00] gptsync.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4504 Feb 27 2025 [ 278 00] gzio.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2196 Feb 27 2025 [ 281 00] halt.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2132 Feb 27 2025 [ 283 00] hashsum.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2888 Feb 27 2025 [ 285 00] hdparm.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 496 Feb 27 2025 [ 287 00] hello.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1264 Feb 27 2025 [ 288 00] help.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1452 Feb 27 2025 [ 289 00] hexdump.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3736 Feb 27 2025 [ 290 00] hfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4132 Feb 27 2025 [ 292 00] hfsplus.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1524 Feb 27 2025 [ 295 00] hfsplusc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2728 Feb 27 2025 [ 296 00] http.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1168 Feb 27 2025 [ 298 00] hwmatch.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1128 Feb 27 2025 [ 299 00] iorw.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4704 Feb 27 2025 [ 300 00] iso9660.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3324 Feb 27 2025 [ 303 00] jfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3968 Feb 27 2025 [ 305 00] jpeg.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2532 Feb 27 2025 [ 307 00] json.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1404 Feb 27 2025 [ 309 00] keylayou.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 772 Feb 27 2025 [ 310 00] keystatu.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2908 Feb 27 2025 [ 311 00] ldm.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 908 Feb 27 2025 [ 313 00] legacy_p.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 11064 Feb 27 2025 [ 314 00] legacycf.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6148 Feb 27 2025 [ 320 00] linux.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2616 Feb 27 2025 [ 324 00] linux16.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2828 Feb 27 2025 [ 326 00] loadenv.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1364 Feb 27 2025 [ 328 00] loopback.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1684 Feb 27 2025 [ 329 00] ls.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2072 Feb 27 2025 [ 330 00] lsacpi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 980 Feb 27 2025 [ 332 00] lsapm.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 812 Feb 27 2025 [ 333 00] lsmmap.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1772 Feb 27 2025 [ 334 00] lspci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1828 Feb 27 2025 [ 335 00] luks.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5936 Feb 27 2025 [ 336 00] luks2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3940 Feb 27 2025 [ 339 00] lvm.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2720 Feb 27 2025 [ 341 00] lzopio.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1596 Feb 27 2025 [ 343 00] macbless.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3240 Feb 27 2025 [ 344 00] macho.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 976 Feb 27 2025 [ 346 00] mda_text.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 940 Feb 27 2025 [ 347 00] mdraid00.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 964 Feb 27 2025 [ 348 00] mdraid01.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 916 Feb 27 2025 [ 349 00] mdraid1x.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 900 Feb 27 2025 [ 350 00] memdisk.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1132 Feb 27 2025 [ 351 00] memrw.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1544 Feb 27 2025 [ 352 00] minicmd.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2004 Feb 27 2025 [ 353 00] minix.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2104 Feb 27 2025 [ 354 00] minix2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2160 Feb 27 2025 [ 356 00] minix2_b.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2044 Feb 27 2025 [ 358 00] minix3.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2120 Feb 27 2025 [ 359 00] minix3_b.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2076 Feb 27 2025 [ 361 00] minix_be.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4136 Feb 27 2025 [ 363 00] mmap.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2128 Feb 27 2025 [ 366 00] moddep.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1288 Feb 27 2025 [ 368 00] modinfo.sh;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 716 Feb 27 2025 [ 369 00] morse.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 12568 Feb 27 2025 [ 370 00] mpi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1080 Feb 27 2025 [ 377 00] msdospar.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 948 Feb 27 2025 [ 378 00] mul_test.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6704 Feb 27 2025 [ 379 00] multibo0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 7072 Feb 27 2025 [ 383 00] multibo1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1924 Feb 27 2025 [ 387 00] nativedi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 25232 Feb 27 2025 [ 388 00] net.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1380 Feb 27 2025 [ 401 00] newc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3348 Feb 27 2025 [ 402 00] nilfs2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 44756 Feb 27 2025 [ 404 00] normal.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5776 Feb 27 2025 [ 426 00] ntfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2452 Feb 27 2025 [ 429 00] ntfscomp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1076 Feb 27 2025 [ 431 00] ntldr.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1300 Feb 27 2025 [ 432 00] odc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 692 Feb 27 2025 [ 433 00] offsetio.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4448 Feb 27 2025 [ 434 00] ohci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 816 Feb 27 2025 [ 437 00] part_aco.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 900 Feb 27 2025 [ 438 00] part_ami.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 980 Feb 27 2025 [ 439 00] part_app.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1276 Feb 27 2025 [ 440 00] part_bsd.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 860 Feb 27 2025 [ 441 00] part_dfl.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 708 Feb 27 2025 [ 442 00] part_dvh.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1104 Feb 27 2025 [ 443 00] part_gpt.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1204 Feb 27 2025 [ 444 00] part_msd.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 852 Feb 27 2025 [ 445 00] part_pla.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 732 Feb 27 2025 [ 446 00] part_su0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 776 Feb 27 2025 [ 447 00] part_su1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 120 Feb 27 2025 [ 448 00] partmap.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 72 Feb 27 2025 [ 449 00] parttool.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2096 Feb 27 2025 [ 450 00] parttool.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 836 Feb 27 2025 [ 452 00] passwor0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1304 Feb 27 2025 [ 453 00] passwor1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2340 Feb 27 2025 [ 454 00] pata.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 688 Feb 27 2025 [ 456 00] pbkdf2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 928 Feb 27 2025 [ 457 00] pbkdf2_t.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 724 Feb 27 2025 [ 458 00] pci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1128 Feb 27 2025 [ 459 00] pcidump.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4720 Feb 27 2025 [ 460 00] pgp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3092 Feb 27 2025 [ 463 00] plainmou.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3028 Feb 27 2025 [ 465 00] plan9.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1224 Feb 27 2025 [ 467 00] play.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4100 Feb 27 2025 [ 468 00] png.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 800 Feb 27 2025 [ 471 00] priority.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1472 Feb 27 2025 [ 472 00] probe.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 956 Feb 27 2025 [ 473 00] procfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1104 Feb 27 2025 [ 474 00] progress.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1552 Feb 27 2025 [ 475 00] pxe.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1136 Feb 27 2025 [ 476 00] pxechain.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 700 Feb 27 2025 [ 477 00] raid5rec.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1228 Feb 27 2025 [ 478 00] raid6rec.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1752 Feb 27 2025 [ 479 00] random.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 852 Feb 27 2025 [ 480 00] rdmsr.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 736 Feb 27 2025 [ 481 00] read.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 740 Feb 27 2025 [ 482 00] reboot.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 26996 Feb 27 2025 [ 483 00] regexp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4276 Feb 27 2025 [ 497 00] reiserfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6716 Feb 27 2025 [ 500 00] relocato.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2156 Feb 27 2025 [ 504 00] romfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2280 Feb 27 2025 [ 506 00] scsi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1424 Feb 27 2025 [ 508 00] search.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1520 Feb 27 2025 [ 509 00] search_0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1616 Feb 27 2025 [ 510 00] search_1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1524 Feb 27 2025 [ 511 00] search_l.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2584 Feb 27 2025 [ 512 00] sendkey.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3960 Feb 27 2025 [ 514 00] serial.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 304 Feb 27 2025 [ 516 00] setjmp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 680 Feb 27 2025 [ 517 00] setjmp_t.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2212 Feb 27 2025 [ 518 00] setpci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2596 Feb 27 2025 [ 520 00] sfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1128 Feb 27 2025 [ 522 00] shift_te.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4272 Feb 27 2025 [ 523 00] signatur.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 916 Feb 27 2025 [ 526 00] sleep.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1152 Feb 27 2025 [ 527 00] sleep_te.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2340 Feb 27 2025 [ 528 00] smbios.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 808 Feb 27 2025 [ 530 00] spkmodem.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3752 Feb 27 2025 [ 531 00] squash4.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 920 Feb 27 2025 [ 533 00] strtoull.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 7192 Feb 27 2025 [ 534 00] syslinux.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1544 Feb 27 2025 [ 538 00] tar.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 168 Feb 27 2025 [ 539 00] terminal.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1764 Feb 27 2025 [ 540 00] terminal.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5148 Feb 27 2025 [ 541 00] terminfo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2228 Feb 27 2025 [ 544 00] test.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 580 Feb 27 2025 [ 546 00] test_blo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1252 Feb 27 2025 [ 547 00] testload.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1024 Feb 27 2025 [ 548 00] testspee.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2288 Feb 27 2025 [ 549 00] tftp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1804 Feb 27 2025 [ 551 00] tga.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 688 Feb 27 2025 [ 552 00] time.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1084 Feb 27 2025 [ 553 00] tr.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 788 Feb 27 2025 [ 554 00] trig.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 504 Feb 27 2025 [ 555 00] true.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1556 Feb 27 2025 [ 556 00] truecryp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4536 Feb 27 2025 [ 557 00] udf.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2620 Feb 27 2025 [ 560 00] ufs1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2840 Feb 27 2025 [ 562 00] ufs1_be.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2716 Feb 27 2025 [ 564 00] ufs2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2976 Feb 27 2025 [ 566 00] uhci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5164 Feb 27 2025 [ 568 00] usb.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1812 Feb 27 2025 [ 571 00] usb_keyb.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2816 Feb 27 2025 [ 572 00] usbms.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 964 Feb 27 2025 [ 574 00] usbseri0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1008 Feb 27 2025 [ 575 00] usbseri1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1064 Feb 27 2025 [ 576 00] usbseri2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 620 Feb 27 2025 [ 577 00] usbseri3.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1788 Feb 27 2025 [ 578 00] usbtest.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4100 Feb 27 2025 [ 579 00] vbe.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1288 Feb 27 2025 [ 582 00] verifier.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1892 Feb 27 2025 [ 583 00] vga.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1016 Feb 27 2025 [ 584 00] vga_text.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 88 Feb 27 2025 [ 585 00] video.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2312 Feb 27 2025 [ 586 00] video.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2128 Feb 27 2025 [ 588 00] video_bo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2328 Feb 27 2025 [ 590 00] video_ci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2276 Feb 27 2025 [ 592 00] video_co.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 9324 Feb 27 2025 [ 594 00] video_fb.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1708 Feb 27 2025 [ 599 00] videoinf.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1656 Feb 27 2025 [ 600 00] videote0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 888 Feb 27 2025 [ 601 00] videote1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 728 Feb 27 2025 [ 602 00] wrmsr.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4004 Feb 27 2025 [ 603 00] xfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 11332 Feb 27 2025 [ 605 00] xnu.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 972 Feb 27 2025 [ 611 00] xnu_uui0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 812 Feb 27 2025 [ 612 00] xnu_uui1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 8084 Feb 27 2025 [ 613 00] xzio.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 19004 Feb 27 2025 [ 617 00] zfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2728 Feb 27 2025 [ 627 00] zfscrypt.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2540 Feb 27 2025 [ 629 00] zfsinfo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 19316 Feb 27 2025 [ 631 00] zstd.mod;1 \n+d--------- 0 0 0 38912 Apr 2 2026 [ 24 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n+---------- 0 0 0 3584 Apr 2 2026 [ 50 00] 915resol.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4324 Apr 2 2026 [ 52 00] acpi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 552 Apr 2 2026 [ 55 00] adler32.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2672 Apr 2 2026 [ 56 00] affs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3192 Apr 2 2026 [ 58 00] afs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 836 Apr 2 2026 [ 60 00] afsplitt.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5056 Apr 2 2026 [ 61 00] ahci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 240 Apr 2 2026 [ 64 00] all_vide.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 500 Apr 2 2026 [ 65 00] aout.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1588 Apr 2 2026 [ 66 00] archelp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2024 Apr 2 2026 [ 67 00] at_keybo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2708 Apr 2 2026 [ 68 00] ata.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 756 Apr 2 2026 [ 70 00] backtrac.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3608 Apr 2 2026 [ 71 00] bfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2532 Apr 2 2026 [ 73 00] biosdisk.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1156 Apr 2 2026 [ 75 00] bitmap.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2028 Apr 2 2026 [ 76 00] bitmap_s.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1084 Apr 2 2026 [ 77 00] blocklis.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1188 Apr 2 2026 [ 78 00] boot.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 12536 Apr 2 2026 [ 79 00] bsd.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1064 Apr 2 2026 [ 86 00] bswap_te.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 9148 Apr 2 2026 [ 87 00] btrfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1108 Apr 2 2026 [ 92 00] bufio.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1364 Apr 2 2026 [ 93 00] cat.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1856 Apr 2 2026 [ 94 00] cbfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1184 Apr 2 2026 [ 95 00] cbls.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 980 Apr 2 2026 [ 96 00] cbmemc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 544 Apr 2 2026 [ 97 00] cbtable.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1116 Apr 2 2026 [ 98 00] cbtime.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1576 Apr 2 2026 [ 99 00] chain.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1164 Apr 2 2026 [ 100 00] cmdline_.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 568 Apr 2 2026 [ 101 00] cmosdump.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 860 Apr 2 2026 [ 102 00] cmostest.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1016 Apr 2 2026 [ 103 00] cmp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1788 Apr 2 2026 [ 104 00] cmp_test.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1476 Apr 2 2026 [ 105 00] command.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 852 Apr 2 2026 [ 106 00] configfi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1256 Apr 2 2026 [ 107 00] cpio.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1296 Apr 2 2026 [ 108 00] cpio_be.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 724 Apr 2 2026 [ 109 00] cpuid.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 784 Apr 2 2026 [ 110 00] crc64.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 420 Apr 2 2026 [ 111 00] crypto.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2320 Apr 2 2026 [ 112 00] crypto.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6768 Apr 2 2026 [ 114 00] cryptodi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1480 Apr 2 2026 [ 118 00] cs5536.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 816 Apr 2 2026 [ 119 00] ctz_test.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1028 Apr 2 2026 [ 120 00] date.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 716 Apr 2 2026 [ 121 00] datehook.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1100 Apr 2 2026 [ 122 00] datetime.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1308 Apr 2 2026 [ 123 00] disk.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5280 Apr 2 2026 [ 124 00] diskfilt.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 508 Apr 2 2026 [ 127 00] div.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2236 Apr 2 2026 [ 128 00] div_test.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 844 Apr 2 2026 [ 130 00] dm_nv.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2416 Apr 2 2026 [ 131 00] drivemap.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 892 Apr 2 2026 [ 133 00] echo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 9388 Apr 2 2026 [ 134 00] efiemu.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3196 Apr 2 2026 [ 139 00] efiemu32.o;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3748 Apr 2 2026 [ 141 00] efiemu64.o;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6056 Apr 2 2026 [ 143 00] ehci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2472 Apr 2 2026 [ 146 00] elf.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 48566 Apr 2 2026 [ 148 00] eltorito.img;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 656 Apr 2 2026 [ 172 00] eval.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3380 Apr 2 2026 [ 173 00] exfat.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 560 Apr 2 2026 [ 175 00] exfctest.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3200 Apr 2 2026 [ 176 00] ext2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2436 Apr 2 2026 [ 178 00] extcmd.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3380 Apr 2 2026 [ 180 00] f2fs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3580 Apr 2 2026 [ 182 00] fat.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5856 Apr 2 2026 [ 184 00] file.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6588 Apr 2 2026 [ 187 00] font.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1164 Apr 2 2026 [ 191 00] freedos.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 208 Apr 2 2026 [ 192 00] fs.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1772 Apr 2 2026 [ 193 00] fshelp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8520 Apr 2 2026 [ 194 00] function.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 792 Apr 2 2026 [ 199 00] gcry_arc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5516 Apr 2 2026 [ 200 00] gcry_blo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8428 Apr 2 2026 [ 203 00] gcry_cam.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 10644 Apr 2 2026 [ 208 00] gcry_cas.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8612 Apr 2 2026 [ 214 00] gcry_crc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4080 Apr 2 2026 [ 219 00] gcry_des.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 944 Apr 2 2026 [ 221 00] gcry_dsa.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1512 Apr 2 2026 [ 222 00] gcry_ide.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1440 Apr 2 2026 [ 223 00] gcry_md4.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1820 Apr 2 2026 [ 224 00] gcry_md5.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1308 Apr 2 2026 [ 225 00] gcry_rfc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 7540 Apr 2 2026 [ 226 00] gcry_rij.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2732 Apr 2 2026 [ 230 00] gcry_rmd.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 892 Apr 2 2026 [ 232 00] gcry_rsa.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4508 Apr 2 2026 [ 233 00] gcry_see.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5336 Apr 2 2026 [ 236 00] gcry_ser.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3156 Apr 2 2026 [ 239 00] gcry_sh0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2088 Apr 2 2026 [ 241 00] gcry_sh1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2956 Apr 2 2026 [ 243 00] gcry_sh2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 10688 Apr 2 2026 [ 245 00] gcry_tig.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 9848 Apr 2 2026 [ 251 00] gcry_two.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6056 Apr 2 2026 [ 256 00] gcry_whi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3780 Apr 2 2026 [ 259 00] gdb.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2552 Apr 2 2026 [ 261 00] geli.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2128 Apr 2 2026 [ 263 00] gettext.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 15588 Apr 2 2026 [ 265 00] gfxmenu.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3880 Apr 2 2026 [ 273 00] gfxterm.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1128 Apr 2 2026 [ 275 00] gfxterm0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1852 Apr 2 2026 [ 276 00] gfxterm1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1816 Apr 2 2026 [ 277 00] gptsync.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4504 Apr 2 2026 [ 278 00] gzio.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2196 Apr 2 2026 [ 281 00] halt.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2132 Apr 2 2026 [ 283 00] hashsum.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2888 Apr 2 2026 [ 285 00] hdparm.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 496 Apr 2 2026 [ 287 00] hello.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1264 Apr 2 2026 [ 288 00] help.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1452 Apr 2 2026 [ 289 00] hexdump.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3736 Apr 2 2026 [ 290 00] hfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4132 Apr 2 2026 [ 292 00] hfsplus.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1524 Apr 2 2026 [ 295 00] hfsplusc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2728 Apr 2 2026 [ 296 00] http.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1168 Apr 2 2026 [ 298 00] hwmatch.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1128 Apr 2 2026 [ 299 00] iorw.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4704 Apr 2 2026 [ 300 00] iso9660.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3324 Apr 2 2026 [ 303 00] jfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3968 Apr 2 2026 [ 305 00] jpeg.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2532 Apr 2 2026 [ 307 00] json.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1404 Apr 2 2026 [ 309 00] keylayou.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 772 Apr 2 2026 [ 310 00] keystatu.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2908 Apr 2 2026 [ 311 00] ldm.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 908 Apr 2 2026 [ 313 00] legacy_p.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 11064 Apr 2 2026 [ 314 00] legacycf.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6148 Apr 2 2026 [ 320 00] linux.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2616 Apr 2 2026 [ 324 00] linux16.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2828 Apr 2 2026 [ 326 00] loadenv.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1364 Apr 2 2026 [ 328 00] loopback.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1684 Apr 2 2026 [ 329 00] ls.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2072 Apr 2 2026 [ 330 00] lsacpi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 980 Apr 2 2026 [ 332 00] lsapm.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 812 Apr 2 2026 [ 333 00] lsmmap.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1772 Apr 2 2026 [ 334 00] lspci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1828 Apr 2 2026 [ 335 00] luks.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5936 Apr 2 2026 [ 336 00] luks2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3940 Apr 2 2026 [ 339 00] lvm.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2720 Apr 2 2026 [ 341 00] lzopio.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1596 Apr 2 2026 [ 343 00] macbless.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3240 Apr 2 2026 [ 344 00] macho.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 976 Apr 2 2026 [ 346 00] mda_text.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 940 Apr 2 2026 [ 347 00] mdraid00.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 964 Apr 2 2026 [ 348 00] mdraid01.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 916 Apr 2 2026 [ 349 00] mdraid1x.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 900 Apr 2 2026 [ 350 00] memdisk.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1132 Apr 2 2026 [ 351 00] memrw.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1544 Apr 2 2026 [ 352 00] minicmd.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2004 Apr 2 2026 [ 353 00] minix.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2104 Apr 2 2026 [ 354 00] minix2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2160 Apr 2 2026 [ 356 00] minix2_b.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2044 Apr 2 2026 [ 358 00] minix3.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2120 Apr 2 2026 [ 359 00] minix3_b.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2076 Apr 2 2026 [ 361 00] minix_be.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4136 Apr 2 2026 [ 363 00] mmap.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2128 Apr 2 2026 [ 366 00] moddep.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1288 Apr 2 2026 [ 368 00] modinfo.sh;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 716 Apr 2 2026 [ 369 00] morse.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 12568 Apr 2 2026 [ 370 00] mpi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1080 Apr 2 2026 [ 377 00] msdospar.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 948 Apr 2 2026 [ 378 00] mul_test.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6704 Apr 2 2026 [ 379 00] multibo0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 7072 Apr 2 2026 [ 383 00] multibo1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1924 Apr 2 2026 [ 387 00] nativedi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 25232 Apr 2 2026 [ 388 00] net.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1380 Apr 2 2026 [ 401 00] newc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3348 Apr 2 2026 [ 402 00] nilfs2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 44756 Apr 2 2026 [ 404 00] normal.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5776 Apr 2 2026 [ 426 00] ntfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2452 Apr 2 2026 [ 429 00] ntfscomp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1076 Apr 2 2026 [ 431 00] ntldr.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1300 Apr 2 2026 [ 432 00] odc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 692 Apr 2 2026 [ 433 00] offsetio.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4448 Apr 2 2026 [ 434 00] ohci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 816 Apr 2 2026 [ 437 00] part_aco.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 900 Apr 2 2026 [ 438 00] part_ami.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 980 Apr 2 2026 [ 439 00] part_app.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1276 Apr 2 2026 [ 440 00] part_bsd.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 860 Apr 2 2026 [ 441 00] part_dfl.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 708 Apr 2 2026 [ 442 00] part_dvh.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1104 Apr 2 2026 [ 443 00] part_gpt.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1204 Apr 2 2026 [ 444 00] part_msd.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 852 Apr 2 2026 [ 445 00] part_pla.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 732 Apr 2 2026 [ 446 00] part_su0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 776 Apr 2 2026 [ 447 00] part_su1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 120 Apr 2 2026 [ 448 00] partmap.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 72 Apr 2 2026 [ 449 00] parttool.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2096 Apr 2 2026 [ 450 00] parttool.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 836 Apr 2 2026 [ 452 00] passwor0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1304 Apr 2 2026 [ 453 00] passwor1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2340 Apr 2 2026 [ 454 00] pata.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 688 Apr 2 2026 [ 456 00] pbkdf2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 928 Apr 2 2026 [ 457 00] pbkdf2_t.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 724 Apr 2 2026 [ 458 00] pci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1128 Apr 2 2026 [ 459 00] pcidump.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4720 Apr 2 2026 [ 460 00] pgp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3092 Apr 2 2026 [ 463 00] plainmou.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3028 Apr 2 2026 [ 465 00] plan9.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1224 Apr 2 2026 [ 467 00] play.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4100 Apr 2 2026 [ 468 00] png.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 800 Apr 2 2026 [ 471 00] priority.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1472 Apr 2 2026 [ 472 00] probe.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 956 Apr 2 2026 [ 473 00] procfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1104 Apr 2 2026 [ 474 00] progress.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1552 Apr 2 2026 [ 475 00] pxe.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1136 Apr 2 2026 [ 476 00] pxechain.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 700 Apr 2 2026 [ 477 00] raid5rec.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1228 Apr 2 2026 [ 478 00] raid6rec.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1752 Apr 2 2026 [ 479 00] random.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 852 Apr 2 2026 [ 480 00] rdmsr.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 736 Apr 2 2026 [ 481 00] read.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 740 Apr 2 2026 [ 482 00] reboot.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 26996 Apr 2 2026 [ 483 00] regexp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4276 Apr 2 2026 [ 497 00] reiserfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6716 Apr 2 2026 [ 500 00] relocato.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2156 Apr 2 2026 [ 504 00] romfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2280 Apr 2 2026 [ 506 00] scsi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1424 Apr 2 2026 [ 508 00] search.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1520 Apr 2 2026 [ 509 00] search_0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1616 Apr 2 2026 [ 510 00] search_1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1524 Apr 2 2026 [ 511 00] search_l.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2584 Apr 2 2026 [ 512 00] sendkey.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3960 Apr 2 2026 [ 514 00] serial.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 304 Apr 2 2026 [ 516 00] setjmp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 680 Apr 2 2026 [ 517 00] setjmp_t.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2212 Apr 2 2026 [ 518 00] setpci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2596 Apr 2 2026 [ 520 00] sfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1128 Apr 2 2026 [ 522 00] shift_te.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4272 Apr 2 2026 [ 523 00] signatur.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 916 Apr 2 2026 [ 526 00] sleep.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1152 Apr 2 2026 [ 527 00] sleep_te.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2340 Apr 2 2026 [ 528 00] smbios.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 808 Apr 2 2026 [ 530 00] spkmodem.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3752 Apr 2 2026 [ 531 00] squash4.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 920 Apr 2 2026 [ 533 00] strtoull.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 7192 Apr 2 2026 [ 534 00] syslinux.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1544 Apr 2 2026 [ 538 00] tar.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 168 Apr 2 2026 [ 539 00] terminal.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1764 Apr 2 2026 [ 540 00] terminal.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5148 Apr 2 2026 [ 541 00] terminfo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2228 Apr 2 2026 [ 544 00] test.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 580 Apr 2 2026 [ 546 00] test_blo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1252 Apr 2 2026 [ 547 00] testload.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1024 Apr 2 2026 [ 548 00] testspee.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2288 Apr 2 2026 [ 549 00] tftp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1804 Apr 2 2026 [ 551 00] tga.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 688 Apr 2 2026 [ 552 00] time.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1084 Apr 2 2026 [ 553 00] tr.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 788 Apr 2 2026 [ 554 00] trig.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 504 Apr 2 2026 [ 555 00] true.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1556 Apr 2 2026 [ 556 00] truecryp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4536 Apr 2 2026 [ 557 00] udf.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2620 Apr 2 2026 [ 560 00] ufs1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2840 Apr 2 2026 [ 562 00] ufs1_be.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2716 Apr 2 2026 [ 564 00] ufs2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2976 Apr 2 2026 [ 566 00] uhci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5164 Apr 2 2026 [ 568 00] usb.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1812 Apr 2 2026 [ 571 00] usb_keyb.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2816 Apr 2 2026 [ 572 00] usbms.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 964 Apr 2 2026 [ 574 00] usbseri0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1008 Apr 2 2026 [ 575 00] usbseri1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1064 Apr 2 2026 [ 576 00] usbseri2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 620 Apr 2 2026 [ 577 00] usbseri3.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1788 Apr 2 2026 [ 578 00] usbtest.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4100 Apr 2 2026 [ 579 00] vbe.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1288 Apr 2 2026 [ 582 00] verifier.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1892 Apr 2 2026 [ 583 00] vga.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1016 Apr 2 2026 [ 584 00] vga_text.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 88 Apr 2 2026 [ 585 00] video.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2312 Apr 2 2026 [ 586 00] video.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2128 Apr 2 2026 [ 588 00] video_bo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2328 Apr 2 2026 [ 590 00] video_ci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2276 Apr 2 2026 [ 592 00] video_co.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 9324 Apr 2 2026 [ 594 00] video_fb.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1708 Apr 2 2026 [ 599 00] videoinf.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1656 Apr 2 2026 [ 600 00] videote0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 888 Apr 2 2026 [ 601 00] videote1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 728 Apr 2 2026 [ 602 00] wrmsr.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4004 Apr 2 2026 [ 603 00] xfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 11332 Apr 2 2026 [ 605 00] xnu.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 972 Apr 2 2026 [ 611 00] xnu_uui0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 812 Apr 2 2026 [ 612 00] xnu_uui1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8084 Apr 2 2026 [ 613 00] xzio.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 19004 Apr 2 2026 [ 617 00] zfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2728 Apr 2 2026 [ 627 00] zfscrypt.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2540 Apr 2 2026 [ 629 00] zfsinfo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 19316 Apr 2 2026 [ 631 00] zstd.mod;1 \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/locale/\n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 43 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 43 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/roms/\n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 44 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 44 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n"}, {"source1": "isoinfo -l -i {} -R", "source2": "isoinfo -l -i {} -R", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,324 +1,324 @@\n \n Directory listing of /\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 19 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 19 02] .. \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 21 02] boot \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 48 00] boot.catalog \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 19 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 19 02] .. \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 21 02] boot \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 48 00] boot.catalog \n \n Directory listing of /boot/\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 21 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 19 02] .. \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 22 02] grub \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 21 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 19 02] .. \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 22 02] grub \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 22 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 21 02] .. \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 23 02] fonts \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1705 Feb 27 2025 [ 49 00] grub.cfg \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 38912 Feb 27 2025 [ 24 02] i386-pc \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 43 02] locale \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 44 02] roms \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 22 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 21 02] .. \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 23 02] fonts \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1705 Apr 2 2026 [ 49 00] grub.cfg \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 38912 Apr 2 2026 [ 24 02] i386-pc \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 43 02] locale \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 44 02] roms \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/fonts/\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 23 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 23 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/i386-pc/\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 38912 Feb 27 2025 [ 24 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Feb 27 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3584 Feb 27 2025 [ 50 00] 915resolution.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4324 Feb 27 2025 [ 52 00] acpi.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 552 Feb 27 2025 [ 55 00] adler32.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2672 Feb 27 2025 [ 56 00] affs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3192 Feb 27 2025 [ 58 00] afs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 836 Feb 27 2025 [ 60 00] afsplitter.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5056 Feb 27 2025 [ 61 00] ahci.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 240 Feb 27 2025 [ 64 00] all_video.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 500 Feb 27 2025 [ 65 00] aout.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1588 Feb 27 2025 [ 66 00] archelp.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2024 Feb 27 2025 [ 67 00] at_keyboard.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2708 Feb 27 2025 [ 68 00] ata.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 756 Feb 27 2025 [ 70 00] backtrace.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3608 Feb 27 2025 [ 71 00] bfs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2532 Feb 27 2025 [ 73 00] biosdisk.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1156 Feb 27 2025 [ 75 00] bitmap.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2028 Feb 27 2025 [ 76 00] bitmap_scale.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1084 Feb 27 2025 [ 77 00] blocklist.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1188 Feb 27 2025 [ 78 00] boot.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 12536 Feb 27 2025 [ 79 00] bsd.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1064 Feb 27 2025 [ 86 00] bswap_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 9148 Feb 27 2025 [ 87 00] btrfs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1108 Feb 27 2025 [ 92 00] bufio.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1364 Feb 27 2025 [ 93 00] cat.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1856 Feb 27 2025 [ 94 00] cbfs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1184 Feb 27 2025 [ 95 00] cbls.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 980 Feb 27 2025 [ 96 00] cbmemc.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 544 Feb 27 2025 [ 97 00] cbtable.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1116 Feb 27 2025 [ 98 00] cbtime.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1576 Feb 27 2025 [ 99 00] chain.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1164 Feb 27 2025 [ 100 00] cmdline_cat_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 568 Feb 27 2025 [ 101 00] cmosdump.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 860 Feb 27 2025 [ 102 00] cmostest.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1016 Feb 27 2025 [ 103 00] cmp.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1788 Feb 27 2025 [ 104 00] cmp_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1476 Feb 27 2025 [ 105 00] command.lst \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 852 Feb 27 2025 [ 106 00] configfile.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1256 Feb 27 2025 [ 107 00] cpio.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1296 Feb 27 2025 [ 108 00] cpio_be.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 724 Feb 27 2025 [ 109 00] cpuid.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 784 Feb 27 2025 [ 110 00] crc64.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 420 Feb 27 2025 [ 111 00] crypto.lst \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2320 Feb 27 2025 [ 112 00] crypto.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6768 Feb 27 2025 [ 114 00] cryptodisk.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1480 Feb 27 2025 [ 118 00] cs5536.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 816 Feb 27 2025 [ 119 00] ctz_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1028 Feb 27 2025 [ 120 00] date.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 716 Feb 27 2025 [ 121 00] datehook.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1100 Feb 27 2025 [ 122 00] datetime.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1308 Feb 27 2025 [ 123 00] disk.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5280 Feb 27 2025 [ 124 00] diskfilter.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 508 Feb 27 2025 [ 127 00] div.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2236 Feb 27 2025 [ 128 00] div_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 844 Feb 27 2025 [ 130 00] dm_nv.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2416 Feb 27 2025 [ 131 00] drivemap.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 892 Feb 27 2025 [ 133 00] echo.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 9388 Feb 27 2025 [ 134 00] efiemu.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3196 Feb 27 2025 [ 139 00] efiemu32.o \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3748 Feb 27 2025 [ 141 00] efiemu64.o \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6056 Feb 27 2025 [ 143 00] ehci.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2472 Feb 27 2025 [ 146 00] elf.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 48566 Feb 27 2025 [ 148 00] eltorito.img \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 656 Feb 27 2025 [ 172 00] eval.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3380 Feb 27 2025 [ 173 00] exfat.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 560 Feb 27 2025 [ 175 00] exfctest.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3200 Feb 27 2025 [ 176 00] ext2.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2436 Feb 27 2025 [ 178 00] extcmd.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3380 Feb 27 2025 [ 180 00] f2fs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3580 Feb 27 2025 [ 182 00] fat.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5856 Feb 27 2025 [ 184 00] file.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6588 Feb 27 2025 [ 187 00] font.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1164 Feb 27 2025 [ 191 00] freedos.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 208 Feb 27 2025 [ 192 00] fs.lst \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1772 Feb 27 2025 [ 193 00] fshelp.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 8520 Feb 27 2025 [ 194 00] functional_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 792 Feb 27 2025 [ 199 00] gcry_arcfour.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5516 Feb 27 2025 [ 200 00] gcry_blowfish.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 8428 Feb 27 2025 [ 203 00] gcry_camellia.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 10644 Feb 27 2025 [ 208 00] gcry_cast5.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 8612 Feb 27 2025 [ 214 00] gcry_crc.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4080 Feb 27 2025 [ 219 00] gcry_des.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 944 Feb 27 2025 [ 221 00] gcry_dsa.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1512 Feb 27 2025 [ 222 00] gcry_idea.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1440 Feb 27 2025 [ 223 00] gcry_md4.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1820 Feb 27 2025 [ 224 00] gcry_md5.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1308 Feb 27 2025 [ 225 00] gcry_rfc2268.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 7540 Feb 27 2025 [ 226 00] gcry_rijndael.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2732 Feb 27 2025 [ 230 00] gcry_rmd160.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 892 Feb 27 2025 [ 232 00] gcry_rsa.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4508 Feb 27 2025 [ 233 00] gcry_seed.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5336 Feb 27 2025 [ 236 00] gcry_serpent.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3156 Feb 27 2025 [ 239 00] gcry_sha1.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2088 Feb 27 2025 [ 241 00] gcry_sha256.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2956 Feb 27 2025 [ 243 00] gcry_sha512.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 10688 Feb 27 2025 [ 245 00] gcry_tiger.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 9848 Feb 27 2025 [ 251 00] gcry_twofish.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6056 Feb 27 2025 [ 256 00] gcry_whirlpool.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3780 Feb 27 2025 [ 259 00] gdb.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2552 Feb 27 2025 [ 261 00] geli.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2128 Feb 27 2025 [ 263 00] gettext.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 15588 Feb 27 2025 [ 265 00] gfxmenu.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3880 Feb 27 2025 [ 273 00] gfxterm.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 Feb 27 2025 [ 275 00] gfxterm_background.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1852 Feb 27 2025 [ 276 00] gfxterm_menu.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1816 Feb 27 2025 [ 277 00] gptsync.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4504 Feb 27 2025 [ 278 00] gzio.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2196 Feb 27 2025 [ 281 00] halt.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2132 Feb 27 2025 [ 283 00] hashsum.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2888 Feb 27 2025 [ 285 00] hdparm.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 496 Feb 27 2025 [ 287 00] hello.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1264 Feb 27 2025 [ 288 00] help.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1452 Feb 27 2025 [ 289 00] hexdump.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3736 Feb 27 2025 [ 290 00] hfs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4132 Feb 27 2025 [ 292 00] hfsplus.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1524 Feb 27 2025 [ 295 00] hfspluscomp.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2728 Feb 27 2025 [ 296 00] http.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1168 Feb 27 2025 [ 298 00] hwmatch.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 Feb 27 2025 [ 299 00] iorw.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4704 Feb 27 2025 [ 300 00] iso9660.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3324 Feb 27 2025 [ 303 00] jfs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3968 Feb 27 2025 [ 305 00] jpeg.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2532 Feb 27 2025 [ 307 00] json.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1404 Feb 27 2025 [ 309 00] keylayouts.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 772 Feb 27 2025 [ 310 00] keystatus.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2908 Feb 27 2025 [ 311 00] ldm.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 908 Feb 27 2025 [ 313 00] legacy_password_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 11064 Feb 27 2025 [ 314 00] legacycfg.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6148 Feb 27 2025 [ 320 00] linux.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2616 Feb 27 2025 [ 324 00] linux16.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2828 Feb 27 2025 [ 326 00] loadenv.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1364 Feb 27 2025 [ 328 00] loopback.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1684 Feb 27 2025 [ 329 00] ls.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2072 Feb 27 2025 [ 330 00] lsacpi.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 980 Feb 27 2025 [ 332 00] lsapm.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 812 Feb 27 2025 [ 333 00] lsmmap.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1772 Feb 27 2025 [ 334 00] lspci.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1828 Feb 27 2025 [ 335 00] luks.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5936 Feb 27 2025 [ 336 00] luks2.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3940 Feb 27 2025 [ 339 00] lvm.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2720 Feb 27 2025 [ 341 00] lzopio.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1596 Feb 27 2025 [ 343 00] macbless.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3240 Feb 27 2025 [ 344 00] macho.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 976 Feb 27 2025 [ 346 00] mda_text.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 940 Feb 27 2025 [ 347 00] mdraid09.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 964 Feb 27 2025 [ 348 00] mdraid09_be.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 916 Feb 27 2025 [ 349 00] mdraid1x.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 900 Feb 27 2025 [ 350 00] memdisk.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1132 Feb 27 2025 [ 351 00] memrw.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1544 Feb 27 2025 [ 352 00] minicmd.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2004 Feb 27 2025 [ 353 00] minix.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2104 Feb 27 2025 [ 354 00] minix2.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2160 Feb 27 2025 [ 356 00] minix2_be.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2044 Feb 27 2025 [ 358 00] minix3.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2120 Feb 27 2025 [ 359 00] minix3_be.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2076 Feb 27 2025 [ 361 00] minix_be.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4136 Feb 27 2025 [ 363 00] mmap.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2128 Feb 27 2025 [ 366 00] moddep.lst \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1288 Feb 27 2025 [ 368 00] modinfo.sh \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 716 Feb 27 2025 [ 369 00] morse.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 12568 Feb 27 2025 [ 370 00] mpi.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1080 Feb 27 2025 [ 377 00] msdospart.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 948 Feb 27 2025 [ 378 00] mul_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6704 Feb 27 2025 [ 379 00] multiboot.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 7072 Feb 27 2025 [ 383 00] multiboot2.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1924 Feb 27 2025 [ 387 00] nativedisk.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 25232 Feb 27 2025 [ 388 00] net.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1380 Feb 27 2025 [ 401 00] newc.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3348 Feb 27 2025 [ 402 00] nilfs2.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 44756 Feb 27 2025 [ 404 00] normal.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5776 Feb 27 2025 [ 426 00] ntfs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2452 Feb 27 2025 [ 429 00] ntfscomp.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1076 Feb 27 2025 [ 431 00] ntldr.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1300 Feb 27 2025 [ 432 00] odc.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 692 Feb 27 2025 [ 433 00] offsetio.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4448 Feb 27 2025 [ 434 00] ohci.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 816 Feb 27 2025 [ 437 00] part_acorn.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 900 Feb 27 2025 [ 438 00] part_amiga.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 980 Feb 27 2025 [ 439 00] part_apple.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1276 Feb 27 2025 [ 440 00] part_bsd.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 860 Feb 27 2025 [ 441 00] part_dfly.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 708 Feb 27 2025 [ 442 00] part_dvh.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1104 Feb 27 2025 [ 443 00] part_gpt.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1204 Feb 27 2025 [ 444 00] part_msdos.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 852 Feb 27 2025 [ 445 00] part_plan.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 732 Feb 27 2025 [ 446 00] part_sun.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 776 Feb 27 2025 [ 447 00] part_sunpc.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 120 Feb 27 2025 [ 448 00] partmap.lst \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 72 Feb 27 2025 [ 449 00] parttool.lst \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2096 Feb 27 2025 [ 450 00] parttool.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 836 Feb 27 2025 [ 452 00] password.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1304 Feb 27 2025 [ 453 00] password_pbkdf2.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2340 Feb 27 2025 [ 454 00] pata.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 688 Feb 27 2025 [ 456 00] pbkdf2.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 928 Feb 27 2025 [ 457 00] pbkdf2_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 724 Feb 27 2025 [ 458 00] pci.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 Feb 27 2025 [ 459 00] pcidump.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4720 Feb 27 2025 [ 460 00] pgp.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3092 Feb 27 2025 [ 463 00] plainmount.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3028 Feb 27 2025 [ 465 00] plan9.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1224 Feb 27 2025 [ 467 00] play.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4100 Feb 27 2025 [ 468 00] png.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 800 Feb 27 2025 [ 471 00] priority_queue.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1472 Feb 27 2025 [ 472 00] probe.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 956 Feb 27 2025 [ 473 00] procfs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1104 Feb 27 2025 [ 474 00] progress.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1552 Feb 27 2025 [ 475 00] pxe.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1136 Feb 27 2025 [ 476 00] pxechain.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 700 Feb 27 2025 [ 477 00] raid5rec.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1228 Feb 27 2025 [ 478 00] raid6rec.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1752 Feb 27 2025 [ 479 00] random.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 852 Feb 27 2025 [ 480 00] rdmsr.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 736 Feb 27 2025 [ 481 00] read.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 740 Feb 27 2025 [ 482 00] reboot.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 26996 Feb 27 2025 [ 483 00] regexp.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4276 Feb 27 2025 [ 497 00] reiserfs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6716 Feb 27 2025 [ 500 00] relocator.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2156 Feb 27 2025 [ 504 00] romfs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2280 Feb 27 2025 [ 506 00] scsi.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1424 Feb 27 2025 [ 508 00] search.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1520 Feb 27 2025 [ 509 00] search_fs_file.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1616 Feb 27 2025 [ 510 00] search_fs_uuid.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1524 Feb 27 2025 [ 511 00] search_label.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2584 Feb 27 2025 [ 512 00] sendkey.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3960 Feb 27 2025 [ 514 00] serial.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 304 Feb 27 2025 [ 516 00] setjmp.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 680 Feb 27 2025 [ 517 00] setjmp_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2212 Feb 27 2025 [ 518 00] setpci.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2596 Feb 27 2025 [ 520 00] sfs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 Feb 27 2025 [ 522 00] shift_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4272 Feb 27 2025 [ 523 00] signature_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 916 Feb 27 2025 [ 526 00] sleep.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1152 Feb 27 2025 [ 527 00] sleep_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2340 Feb 27 2025 [ 528 00] smbios.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 808 Feb 27 2025 [ 530 00] spkmodem.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3752 Feb 27 2025 [ 531 00] squash4.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 920 Feb 27 2025 [ 533 00] strtoull_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 7192 Feb 27 2025 [ 534 00] syslinuxcfg.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1544 Feb 27 2025 [ 538 00] tar.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 168 Feb 27 2025 [ 539 00] terminal.lst \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1764 Feb 27 2025 [ 540 00] terminal.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5148 Feb 27 2025 [ 541 00] terminfo.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2228 Feb 27 2025 [ 544 00] test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 580 Feb 27 2025 [ 546 00] test_blockarg.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1252 Feb 27 2025 [ 547 00] testload.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1024 Feb 27 2025 [ 548 00] testspeed.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2288 Feb 27 2025 [ 549 00] tftp.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1804 Feb 27 2025 [ 551 00] tga.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 688 Feb 27 2025 [ 552 00] time.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1084 Feb 27 2025 [ 553 00] tr.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 788 Feb 27 2025 [ 554 00] trig.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 504 Feb 27 2025 [ 555 00] true.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1556 Feb 27 2025 [ 556 00] truecrypt.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4536 Feb 27 2025 [ 557 00] udf.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2620 Feb 27 2025 [ 560 00] ufs1.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2840 Feb 27 2025 [ 562 00] ufs1_be.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2716 Feb 27 2025 [ 564 00] ufs2.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2976 Feb 27 2025 [ 566 00] uhci.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5164 Feb 27 2025 [ 568 00] usb.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1812 Feb 27 2025 [ 571 00] usb_keyboard.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2816 Feb 27 2025 [ 572 00] usbms.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 964 Feb 27 2025 [ 574 00] usbserial_common.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1008 Feb 27 2025 [ 575 00] usbserial_ftdi.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1064 Feb 27 2025 [ 576 00] usbserial_pl2303.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 620 Feb 27 2025 [ 577 00] usbserial_usbdebug.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1788 Feb 27 2025 [ 578 00] usbtest.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4100 Feb 27 2025 [ 579 00] vbe.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1288 Feb 27 2025 [ 582 00] verifiers.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1892 Feb 27 2025 [ 583 00] vga.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1016 Feb 27 2025 [ 584 00] vga_text.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 88 Feb 27 2025 [ 585 00] video.lst \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2312 Feb 27 2025 [ 586 00] video.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2128 Feb 27 2025 [ 588 00] video_bochs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2328 Feb 27 2025 [ 590 00] video_cirrus.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2276 Feb 27 2025 [ 592 00] video_colors.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 9324 Feb 27 2025 [ 594 00] video_fb.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1708 Feb 27 2025 [ 599 00] videoinfo.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1656 Feb 27 2025 [ 600 00] videotest.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 888 Feb 27 2025 [ 601 00] videotest_checksum.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 728 Feb 27 2025 [ 602 00] wrmsr.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4004 Feb 27 2025 [ 603 00] xfs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 11332 Feb 27 2025 [ 605 00] xnu.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 972 Feb 27 2025 [ 611 00] xnu_uuid.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 812 Feb 27 2025 [ 612 00] xnu_uuid_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 8084 Feb 27 2025 [ 613 00] xzio.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 19004 Feb 27 2025 [ 617 00] zfs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2728 Feb 27 2025 [ 627 00] zfscrypt.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2540 Feb 27 2025 [ 629 00] zfsinfo.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 19316 Feb 27 2025 [ 631 00] zstd.mod \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 38912 Apr 2 2026 [ 24 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Apr 2 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3584 Apr 2 2026 [ 50 00] 915resolution.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4324 Apr 2 2026 [ 52 00] acpi.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 552 Apr 2 2026 [ 55 00] adler32.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2672 Apr 2 2026 [ 56 00] affs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3192 Apr 2 2026 [ 58 00] afs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 836 Apr 2 2026 [ 60 00] afsplitter.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5056 Apr 2 2026 [ 61 00] ahci.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 240 Apr 2 2026 [ 64 00] all_video.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 500 Apr 2 2026 [ 65 00] aout.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1588 Apr 2 2026 [ 66 00] archelp.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2024 Apr 2 2026 [ 67 00] at_keyboard.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2708 Apr 2 2026 [ 68 00] ata.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 756 Apr 2 2026 [ 70 00] backtrace.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3608 Apr 2 2026 [ 71 00] bfs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2532 Apr 2 2026 [ 73 00] biosdisk.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1156 Apr 2 2026 [ 75 00] bitmap.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2028 Apr 2 2026 [ 76 00] bitmap_scale.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1084 Apr 2 2026 [ 77 00] blocklist.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1188 Apr 2 2026 [ 78 00] boot.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 12536 Apr 2 2026 [ 79 00] bsd.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1064 Apr 2 2026 [ 86 00] bswap_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 9148 Apr 2 2026 [ 87 00] btrfs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1108 Apr 2 2026 [ 92 00] bufio.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1364 Apr 2 2026 [ 93 00] cat.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1856 Apr 2 2026 [ 94 00] cbfs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1184 Apr 2 2026 [ 95 00] cbls.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 980 Apr 2 2026 [ 96 00] cbmemc.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 544 Apr 2 2026 [ 97 00] cbtable.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1116 Apr 2 2026 [ 98 00] cbtime.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1576 Apr 2 2026 [ 99 00] chain.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1164 Apr 2 2026 [ 100 00] cmdline_cat_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 568 Apr 2 2026 [ 101 00] cmosdump.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 860 Apr 2 2026 [ 102 00] cmostest.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1016 Apr 2 2026 [ 103 00] cmp.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1788 Apr 2 2026 [ 104 00] cmp_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1476 Apr 2 2026 [ 105 00] command.lst \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 852 Apr 2 2026 [ 106 00] configfile.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1256 Apr 2 2026 [ 107 00] cpio.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1296 Apr 2 2026 [ 108 00] cpio_be.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 724 Apr 2 2026 [ 109 00] cpuid.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 784 Apr 2 2026 [ 110 00] crc64.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 420 Apr 2 2026 [ 111 00] crypto.lst \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2320 Apr 2 2026 [ 112 00] crypto.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6768 Apr 2 2026 [ 114 00] cryptodisk.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1480 Apr 2 2026 [ 118 00] cs5536.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 816 Apr 2 2026 [ 119 00] ctz_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1028 Apr 2 2026 [ 120 00] date.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 716 Apr 2 2026 [ 121 00] datehook.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1100 Apr 2 2026 [ 122 00] datetime.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1308 Apr 2 2026 [ 123 00] disk.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5280 Apr 2 2026 [ 124 00] diskfilter.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 508 Apr 2 2026 [ 127 00] div.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2236 Apr 2 2026 [ 128 00] div_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 844 Apr 2 2026 [ 130 00] dm_nv.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2416 Apr 2 2026 [ 131 00] drivemap.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 892 Apr 2 2026 [ 133 00] echo.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 9388 Apr 2 2026 [ 134 00] efiemu.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3196 Apr 2 2026 [ 139 00] efiemu32.o \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3748 Apr 2 2026 [ 141 00] efiemu64.o \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6056 Apr 2 2026 [ 143 00] ehci.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2472 Apr 2 2026 [ 146 00] elf.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 48566 Apr 2 2026 [ 148 00] eltorito.img \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 656 Apr 2 2026 [ 172 00] eval.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3380 Apr 2 2026 [ 173 00] exfat.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 560 Apr 2 2026 [ 175 00] exfctest.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3200 Apr 2 2026 [ 176 00] ext2.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2436 Apr 2 2026 [ 178 00] extcmd.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3380 Apr 2 2026 [ 180 00] f2fs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3580 Apr 2 2026 [ 182 00] fat.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5856 Apr 2 2026 [ 184 00] file.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6588 Apr 2 2026 [ 187 00] font.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1164 Apr 2 2026 [ 191 00] freedos.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 208 Apr 2 2026 [ 192 00] fs.lst \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1772 Apr 2 2026 [ 193 00] fshelp.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 8520 Apr 2 2026 [ 194 00] functional_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 792 Apr 2 2026 [ 199 00] gcry_arcfour.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5516 Apr 2 2026 [ 200 00] gcry_blowfish.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 8428 Apr 2 2026 [ 203 00] gcry_camellia.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 10644 Apr 2 2026 [ 208 00] gcry_cast5.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 8612 Apr 2 2026 [ 214 00] gcry_crc.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4080 Apr 2 2026 [ 219 00] gcry_des.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 944 Apr 2 2026 [ 221 00] gcry_dsa.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1512 Apr 2 2026 [ 222 00] gcry_idea.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1440 Apr 2 2026 [ 223 00] gcry_md4.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1820 Apr 2 2026 [ 224 00] gcry_md5.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1308 Apr 2 2026 [ 225 00] gcry_rfc2268.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 7540 Apr 2 2026 [ 226 00] gcry_rijndael.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2732 Apr 2 2026 [ 230 00] gcry_rmd160.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 892 Apr 2 2026 [ 232 00] gcry_rsa.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4508 Apr 2 2026 [ 233 00] gcry_seed.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5336 Apr 2 2026 [ 236 00] gcry_serpent.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3156 Apr 2 2026 [ 239 00] gcry_sha1.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2088 Apr 2 2026 [ 241 00] gcry_sha256.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2956 Apr 2 2026 [ 243 00] gcry_sha512.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 10688 Apr 2 2026 [ 245 00] gcry_tiger.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 9848 Apr 2 2026 [ 251 00] gcry_twofish.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6056 Apr 2 2026 [ 256 00] gcry_whirlpool.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3780 Apr 2 2026 [ 259 00] gdb.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2552 Apr 2 2026 [ 261 00] geli.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2128 Apr 2 2026 [ 263 00] gettext.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 15588 Apr 2 2026 [ 265 00] gfxmenu.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3880 Apr 2 2026 [ 273 00] gfxterm.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 Apr 2 2026 [ 275 00] gfxterm_background.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1852 Apr 2 2026 [ 276 00] gfxterm_menu.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1816 Apr 2 2026 [ 277 00] gptsync.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4504 Apr 2 2026 [ 278 00] gzio.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2196 Apr 2 2026 [ 281 00] halt.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2132 Apr 2 2026 [ 283 00] hashsum.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2888 Apr 2 2026 [ 285 00] hdparm.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 496 Apr 2 2026 [ 287 00] hello.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1264 Apr 2 2026 [ 288 00] help.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1452 Apr 2 2026 [ 289 00] hexdump.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3736 Apr 2 2026 [ 290 00] hfs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4132 Apr 2 2026 [ 292 00] hfsplus.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1524 Apr 2 2026 [ 295 00] hfspluscomp.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2728 Apr 2 2026 [ 296 00] http.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1168 Apr 2 2026 [ 298 00] hwmatch.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 Apr 2 2026 [ 299 00] iorw.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4704 Apr 2 2026 [ 300 00] iso9660.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3324 Apr 2 2026 [ 303 00] jfs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3968 Apr 2 2026 [ 305 00] jpeg.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2532 Apr 2 2026 [ 307 00] json.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1404 Apr 2 2026 [ 309 00] keylayouts.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 772 Apr 2 2026 [ 310 00] keystatus.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2908 Apr 2 2026 [ 311 00] ldm.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 908 Apr 2 2026 [ 313 00] legacy_password_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 11064 Apr 2 2026 [ 314 00] legacycfg.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6148 Apr 2 2026 [ 320 00] linux.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2616 Apr 2 2026 [ 324 00] linux16.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2828 Apr 2 2026 [ 326 00] loadenv.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1364 Apr 2 2026 [ 328 00] loopback.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1684 Apr 2 2026 [ 329 00] ls.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2072 Apr 2 2026 [ 330 00] lsacpi.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 980 Apr 2 2026 [ 332 00] lsapm.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 812 Apr 2 2026 [ 333 00] lsmmap.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1772 Apr 2 2026 [ 334 00] lspci.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1828 Apr 2 2026 [ 335 00] luks.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5936 Apr 2 2026 [ 336 00] luks2.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3940 Apr 2 2026 [ 339 00] lvm.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2720 Apr 2 2026 [ 341 00] lzopio.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1596 Apr 2 2026 [ 343 00] macbless.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3240 Apr 2 2026 [ 344 00] macho.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 976 Apr 2 2026 [ 346 00] mda_text.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 940 Apr 2 2026 [ 347 00] mdraid09.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 964 Apr 2 2026 [ 348 00] mdraid09_be.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 916 Apr 2 2026 [ 349 00] mdraid1x.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 900 Apr 2 2026 [ 350 00] memdisk.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1132 Apr 2 2026 [ 351 00] memrw.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1544 Apr 2 2026 [ 352 00] minicmd.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2004 Apr 2 2026 [ 353 00] minix.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2104 Apr 2 2026 [ 354 00] minix2.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2160 Apr 2 2026 [ 356 00] minix2_be.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2044 Apr 2 2026 [ 358 00] minix3.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2120 Apr 2 2026 [ 359 00] minix3_be.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2076 Apr 2 2026 [ 361 00] minix_be.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4136 Apr 2 2026 [ 363 00] mmap.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2128 Apr 2 2026 [ 366 00] moddep.lst \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1288 Apr 2 2026 [ 368 00] modinfo.sh \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 716 Apr 2 2026 [ 369 00] morse.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 12568 Apr 2 2026 [ 370 00] mpi.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1080 Apr 2 2026 [ 377 00] msdospart.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 948 Apr 2 2026 [ 378 00] mul_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6704 Apr 2 2026 [ 379 00] multiboot.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 7072 Apr 2 2026 [ 383 00] multiboot2.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1924 Apr 2 2026 [ 387 00] nativedisk.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 25232 Apr 2 2026 [ 388 00] net.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1380 Apr 2 2026 [ 401 00] newc.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3348 Apr 2 2026 [ 402 00] nilfs2.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 44756 Apr 2 2026 [ 404 00] normal.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5776 Apr 2 2026 [ 426 00] ntfs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2452 Apr 2 2026 [ 429 00] ntfscomp.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1076 Apr 2 2026 [ 431 00] ntldr.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1300 Apr 2 2026 [ 432 00] odc.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 692 Apr 2 2026 [ 433 00] offsetio.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4448 Apr 2 2026 [ 434 00] ohci.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 816 Apr 2 2026 [ 437 00] part_acorn.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 900 Apr 2 2026 [ 438 00] part_amiga.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 980 Apr 2 2026 [ 439 00] part_apple.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1276 Apr 2 2026 [ 440 00] part_bsd.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 860 Apr 2 2026 [ 441 00] part_dfly.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 708 Apr 2 2026 [ 442 00] part_dvh.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1104 Apr 2 2026 [ 443 00] part_gpt.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1204 Apr 2 2026 [ 444 00] part_msdos.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 852 Apr 2 2026 [ 445 00] part_plan.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 732 Apr 2 2026 [ 446 00] part_sun.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 776 Apr 2 2026 [ 447 00] part_sunpc.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 120 Apr 2 2026 [ 448 00] partmap.lst \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 72 Apr 2 2026 [ 449 00] parttool.lst \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2096 Apr 2 2026 [ 450 00] parttool.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 836 Apr 2 2026 [ 452 00] password.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1304 Apr 2 2026 [ 453 00] password_pbkdf2.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2340 Apr 2 2026 [ 454 00] pata.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 688 Apr 2 2026 [ 456 00] pbkdf2.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 928 Apr 2 2026 [ 457 00] pbkdf2_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 724 Apr 2 2026 [ 458 00] pci.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 Apr 2 2026 [ 459 00] pcidump.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4720 Apr 2 2026 [ 460 00] pgp.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3092 Apr 2 2026 [ 463 00] plainmount.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3028 Apr 2 2026 [ 465 00] plan9.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1224 Apr 2 2026 [ 467 00] play.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4100 Apr 2 2026 [ 468 00] png.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 800 Apr 2 2026 [ 471 00] priority_queue.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1472 Apr 2 2026 [ 472 00] probe.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 956 Apr 2 2026 [ 473 00] procfs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1104 Apr 2 2026 [ 474 00] progress.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1552 Apr 2 2026 [ 475 00] pxe.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1136 Apr 2 2026 [ 476 00] pxechain.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 700 Apr 2 2026 [ 477 00] raid5rec.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1228 Apr 2 2026 [ 478 00] raid6rec.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1752 Apr 2 2026 [ 479 00] random.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 852 Apr 2 2026 [ 480 00] rdmsr.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 736 Apr 2 2026 [ 481 00] read.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 740 Apr 2 2026 [ 482 00] reboot.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 26996 Apr 2 2026 [ 483 00] regexp.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4276 Apr 2 2026 [ 497 00] reiserfs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6716 Apr 2 2026 [ 500 00] relocator.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2156 Apr 2 2026 [ 504 00] romfs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2280 Apr 2 2026 [ 506 00] scsi.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1424 Apr 2 2026 [ 508 00] search.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1520 Apr 2 2026 [ 509 00] search_fs_file.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1616 Apr 2 2026 [ 510 00] search_fs_uuid.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1524 Apr 2 2026 [ 511 00] search_label.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2584 Apr 2 2026 [ 512 00] sendkey.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3960 Apr 2 2026 [ 514 00] serial.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 304 Apr 2 2026 [ 516 00] setjmp.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 680 Apr 2 2026 [ 517 00] setjmp_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2212 Apr 2 2026 [ 518 00] setpci.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2596 Apr 2 2026 [ 520 00] sfs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 Apr 2 2026 [ 522 00] shift_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4272 Apr 2 2026 [ 523 00] signature_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 916 Apr 2 2026 [ 526 00] sleep.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1152 Apr 2 2026 [ 527 00] sleep_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2340 Apr 2 2026 [ 528 00] smbios.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 808 Apr 2 2026 [ 530 00] spkmodem.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3752 Apr 2 2026 [ 531 00] squash4.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 920 Apr 2 2026 [ 533 00] strtoull_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 7192 Apr 2 2026 [ 534 00] syslinuxcfg.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1544 Apr 2 2026 [ 538 00] tar.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 168 Apr 2 2026 [ 539 00] terminal.lst \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1764 Apr 2 2026 [ 540 00] terminal.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5148 Apr 2 2026 [ 541 00] terminfo.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2228 Apr 2 2026 [ 544 00] test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 580 Apr 2 2026 [ 546 00] test_blockarg.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1252 Apr 2 2026 [ 547 00] testload.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1024 Apr 2 2026 [ 548 00] testspeed.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2288 Apr 2 2026 [ 549 00] tftp.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1804 Apr 2 2026 [ 551 00] tga.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 688 Apr 2 2026 [ 552 00] time.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1084 Apr 2 2026 [ 553 00] tr.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 788 Apr 2 2026 [ 554 00] trig.mod 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06:25:59.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xnu_uuid_test.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 8084 2026-04-02 06:26:00.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xzio.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 19004 2026-04-02 06:26:00.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/zfs.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2728 2026-04-02 06:26:00.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/zfscrypt.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2540 2026-04-02 06:25:59.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/zfsinfo.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 19316 2026-04-02 06:25:59.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/zstd.mod\n"}, {"source1": "boot/grub/i386-pc/modinfo.sh", "source2": "boot/grub/i386-pc/modinfo.sh", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "modinfo.sh-content", "source2": "modinfo.sh-content", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@\n-#!/bin/bash\n+#!/bin/sh\n \n # User-controllable options\n grub_modinfo_target_cpu=i386\n grub_modinfo_platform=pc\n grub_disk_cache_stats=0\n grub_boot_time_stats=0\n grub_have_font_source=1\n"}]}]}]}]}]}, {"source1": "grub-xen-bin_2.12-5_i386.deb", "source2": "grub-xen-bin_2.12-5_i386.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 4 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 debian-binary\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 11680 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 control.tar.xz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1024300 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 data.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 11684 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 control.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1024580 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 data.tar.xz\n"}, {"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -124,15 +124,15 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3576 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/minix.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3708 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/minix2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3848 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/minix2_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3632 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/minix3.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3796 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/minix3_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3716 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/minix_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3766 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/moddep.lst\n--rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2620 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/modinfo.sh\n+-rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2618 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/modinfo.sh\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 27452 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/mpi.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2392 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/msdospart.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 1972 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/mul_test.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 58416 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/net.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2812 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/newc.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 6716 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/nilfs2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 114840 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/normal.mod\n@@ -342,15 +342,15 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3708 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/minix2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3848 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/minix2_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3632 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/minix3.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3796 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/minix3_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3716 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/minix_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5788 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/mmap.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3871 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/moddep.lst\n--rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2632 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/modinfo.sh\n+-rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2630 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/modinfo.sh\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 27452 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/mpi.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2392 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/msdospart.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 1972 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/mul_test.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 13708 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/multiboot.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 14696 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/multiboot2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 58416 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/net.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2812 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/newc.mod\n@@ -562,15 +562,15 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5552 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/minix.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5664 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/minix2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5752 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/minix2_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5728 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/minix3.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5816 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/minix3_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5640 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/minix_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3766 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/moddep.lst\n--rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2545 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/modinfo.sh\n+-rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2543 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/modinfo.sh\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 44032 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/mpi.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3592 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/msdospart.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2360 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/mul_test.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 95352 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/net.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 4456 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/newc.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 10008 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/nilfs2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 177008 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/normal.mod\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/modinfo.sh", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/modinfo.sh", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@\n-#!/bin/bash\n+#!/bin/sh\n \n # User-controllable options\n grub_modinfo_target_cpu=i386\n grub_modinfo_platform=xen\n grub_disk_cache_stats=0\n grub_boot_time_stats=0\n grub_have_font_source=1\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/modinfo.sh", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/modinfo.sh", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@\n-#!/bin/bash\n+#!/bin/sh\n \n # User-controllable options\n grub_modinfo_target_cpu=i386\n grub_modinfo_platform=xen_pvh\n grub_disk_cache_stats=0\n grub_boot_time_stats=0\n grub_have_font_source=1\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/modinfo.sh", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/modinfo.sh", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@\n-#!/bin/bash\n+#!/bin/sh\n \n # User-controllable options\n grub_modinfo_target_cpu=x86_64\n grub_modinfo_platform=xen\n grub_disk_cache_stats=0\n grub_boot_time_stats=0\n grub_have_font_source=1\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/share/lintian/overrides/grub-xen-bin", "source2": "./usr/share/lintian/overrides/grub-xen-bin", "comments": ["Ordering differences only"], "unified_diff": "@@ -1,24 +1,24 @@\n grub-xen-bin: unstripped-binary-or-object **.mod*\n grub-xen-bin: statically-linked-binary *usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/kernel.img*\n-grub-xen-bin: statically-linked-binary *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/kernel.img*\n grub-xen-bin: statically-linked-binary *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/kernel.img*\n+grub-xen-bin: statically-linked-binary *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/kernel.img*\n grub-xen-bin: unstripped-binary-or-object *usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/kernel.img*\n-grub-xen-bin: unstripped-binary-or-object *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/kernel.img*\n grub-xen-bin: unstripped-binary-or-object *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/kernel.img*\n+grub-xen-bin: unstripped-binary-or-object *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/kernel.img*\n grub-xen-bin: binary-from-other-architecture **.mod*\n grub-xen-bin: binary-from-other-architecture *usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/kernel.img*\n-grub-xen-bin: binary-from-other-architecture *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/kernel.img*\n grub-xen-bin: binary-from-other-architecture *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/kernel.img*\n+grub-xen-bin: binary-from-other-architecture *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/kernel.img*\n grub-xen-bin: binary-from-other-architecture **efiemu64.o*\n grub-xen-bin: unstripped-binary-or-object **.mod*\n grub-xen-bin: statically-linked-binary *usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/kernel.img*\n-grub-xen-bin: statically-linked-binary *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/kernel.img*\n grub-xen-bin: statically-linked-binary *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/kernel.img*\n+grub-xen-bin: statically-linked-binary *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/kernel.img*\n grub-xen-bin: unstripped-binary-or-object *usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/kernel.img*\n-grub-xen-bin: unstripped-binary-or-object *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/kernel.img*\n grub-xen-bin: unstripped-binary-or-object *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/kernel.img*\n+grub-xen-bin: unstripped-binary-or-object *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/kernel.img*\n grub-xen-bin: binary-from-other-architecture **.mod*\n grub-xen-bin: binary-from-other-architecture *usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/kernel.img*\n-grub-xen-bin: binary-from-other-architecture *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/kernel.img*\n grub-xen-bin: binary-from-other-architecture *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/kernel.img*\n+grub-xen-bin: binary-from-other-architecture *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/kernel.img*\n grub-xen-bin: binary-from-other-architecture **efiemu64.o*\n"}]}]}]}, {"source1": "grub-xen-dbg_2.12-5_i386.deb", "source2": "grub-xen-dbg_2.12-5_i386.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 4 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 debian-binary\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 14384 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 control.tar.xz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 7520208 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 data.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 7520212 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 data.tar.xz\n"}, {"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./usr/share/lintian/overrides/grub-xen-dbg", "source2": "./usr/share/lintian/overrides/grub-xen-dbg", "comments": ["Ordering differences only"], "unified_diff": "@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@\n grub-xen-dbg: unstripped-binary-or-object **.module*\n grub-xen-dbg: statically-linked-binary **.image*\n grub-xen-dbg: statically-linked-binary *usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/kernel.exec*\n-grub-xen-dbg: statically-linked-binary *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/kernel.exec*\n grub-xen-dbg: statically-linked-binary *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/kernel.exec*\n+grub-xen-dbg: statically-linked-binary *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/kernel.exec*\n grub-xen-dbg: binary-from-other-architecture **.module*\n grub-xen-dbg: binary-from-other-architecture *usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/kernel.exec*\n-grub-xen-dbg: binary-from-other-architecture *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/kernel.exec*\n grub-xen-dbg: binary-from-other-architecture *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/kernel.exec*\n+grub-xen-dbg: binary-from-other-architecture *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/kernel.exec*\n grub-xen-dbg: unstripped-binary-or-object **.module*\n grub-xen-dbg: statically-linked-binary **.image*\n grub-xen-dbg: statically-linked-binary *usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/kernel.exec*\n-grub-xen-dbg: statically-linked-binary *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/kernel.exec*\n grub-xen-dbg: statically-linked-binary *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/kernel.exec*\n+grub-xen-dbg: statically-linked-binary *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/kernel.exec*\n grub-xen-dbg: binary-from-other-architecture **.module*\n grub-xen-dbg: binary-from-other-architecture *usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/kernel.exec*\n-grub-xen-dbg: binary-from-other-architecture *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/kernel.exec*\n grub-xen-dbg: binary-from-other-architecture *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/kernel.exec*\n+grub-xen-dbg: binary-from-other-architecture *usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/kernel.exec*\n"}]}]}]}, {"source1": "grub-xen-host_2.12-5_i386.deb", "source2": "grub-xen-host_2.12-5_i386.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 4 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 debian-binary\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1292 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 control.tar.xz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1329936 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 data.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1329928 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 data.tar.xz\n"}, {"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./usr/lib/grub-xen/grub-i386-xen.bin", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub-xen/grub-i386-xen.bin", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "strings --all --bytes=8 {}", "source2": "strings --all --bytes=8 {}", "unified_diff": "@@ -9250,17 +9250,17 @@\n .rel.rodata\n .rodata.str1.1\n .module_license\n .moddeps\n .modname\n grub.cfg\n 00000001140\n-14760173623\n-pbuilder1\n-pbuilder1\n+15163406301\n+pbuilder2\n+pbuilder2\n # First search for a suitable grub to chainload\n if search -s -f /boot/xen/pvboot-i386.elf ; then\n \techo \"Chainloading (${root})/boot/xen/pvboot-i386.elf\"\n \tmultiboot \"/boot/xen/pvboot-i386.elf\"\n if search -s -f /xen/pvboot-i386.elf ; then\n \techo \"Chainloading (${root})/xen/pvboot-i386.elf\"\n \tmultiboot \"/xen/pvboot-i386.elf\"\n"}, {"source1": "readelf --wide --decompress --hex-dump=mods {}", "source2": "readelf --wide --decompress --hex-dump=mods {}", "unified_diff": "@@ -92513,28 +92513,28 @@\n 0x00175c23 01000000 00000000 01000000 08280000 .............(..\n 0x00175c33 67727562 2e636667 00000000 00000000 grub.cfg........\n 0x00175c43 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00175c53 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00175c63 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00175c73 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00175c83 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n- 0x00175c93 00000000 30303030 36343400 30303032 ....0000644.0002\n- 0x00175ca3 31323700 30303032 31323700 30303030 127.0002127.0000\n- 0x00175cb3 30303031 31343000 31343736 30313733 0001140.14760173\n- 0x00175cc3 36323300 30313330 34310020 30000000 623.013041. 0...\n+ 0x00175c93 00000000 30303030 36343400 30303034 ....0000644.0004\n+ 0x00175ca3 32353600 30303034 32353600 30303030 256.0004256.0000\n+ 0x00175cb3 30303031 31343000 31353136 33343036 0001140.15163406\n+ 0x00175cc3 33303100 30313330 34330020 30000000 301.013043. 0...\n 0x00175cd3 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00175ce3 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00175cf3 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00175d03 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00175d13 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00175d23 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00175d33 00757374 61722020 00706275 696c6465 .ustar .pbuilde\n- 0x00175d43 72310000 00000000 00000000 00000000 r1..............\n+ 0x00175d43 72320000 00000000 00000000 00000000 r2..............\n 0x00175d53 00000000 00000000 00706275 696c6465 .........pbuilde\n- 0x00175d63 72310000 00000000 00000000 00000000 r1..............\n+ 0x00175d63 72320000 00000000 00000000 00000000 r2..............\n 0x00175d73 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00175d83 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00175d93 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00175da3 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00175db3 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00175dc3 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00175dd3 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n"}]}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub-xen/grub-i386-xen_pvh.bin", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub-xen/grub-i386-xen_pvh.bin", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "strings --all --bytes=8 {}", "source2": "strings --all --bytes=8 {}", "unified_diff": "@@ -9555,16 +9555,16 @@\n .rodata.str1.1\n .module_license\n .moddeps\n .modname\n grub.cfg\n 00000000350\n 14645235260\n-pbuilder1\n-pbuilder1\n+pbuilder2\n+pbuilder2\n if search -s -f /boot/grub/grub.cfg ; then\n \techo \"Reading (${root})/boot/grub/grub.cfg\"\n \tconfigfile /boot/grub/grub.cfg\n if search -s -f /grub/grub.cfg ; then\n \techo \"Reading (${root})/grub/grub.cfg\"\n \tconfigfile /grub/grub.cfg\n normal (memdisk)/grub.cfg\n"}, {"source1": "readelf --wide --decompress --hex-dump=mods {}", "source2": "readelf --wide --decompress --hex-dump=mods {}", "unified_diff": "@@ -94500,28 +94500,28 @@\n 0x0027d70b 01000000 00000000 01000000 08280000 .............(..\n 0x0027d71b 67727562 2e636667 00000000 00000000 grub.cfg........\n 0x0027d72b 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027d73b 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027d74b 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027d75b 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027d76b 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n- 0x0027d77b 00000000 30303030 36343400 30303032 ....0000644.0002\n- 0x0027d78b 31323700 30303032 31323700 30303030 127.0002127.0000\n+ 0x0027d77b 00000000 30303030 36363400 30303034 ....0000664.0004\n+ 0x0027d78b 32353600 30303034 32353600 30303030 256.0004256.0000\n 0x0027d79b 30303030 33353000 31343634 35323335 0000350.14645235\n- 0x0027d7ab 32363000 30313330 34310020 30000000 260.013041. 0...\n+ 0x0027d7ab 32363000 30313330 35370020 30000000 260.013057. 0...\n 0x0027d7bb 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027d7cb 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027d7db 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027d7eb 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027d7fb 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027d80b 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027d81b 00757374 61722020 00706275 696c6465 .ustar .pbuilde\n- 0x0027d82b 72310000 00000000 00000000 00000000 r1..............\n+ 0x0027d82b 72320000 00000000 00000000 00000000 r2..............\n 0x0027d83b 00000000 00000000 00706275 696c6465 .........pbuilde\n- 0x0027d84b 72310000 00000000 00000000 00000000 r1..............\n+ 0x0027d84b 72320000 00000000 00000000 00000000 r2..............\n 0x0027d85b 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027d86b 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027d87b 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027d88b 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027d89b 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027d8ab 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027d8bb 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n"}]}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub-xen/grub-x86_64-xen.bin", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub-xen/grub-x86_64-xen.bin", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "strings --all --bytes=8 {}", "source2": "strings --all --bytes=8 {}", "unified_diff": "@@ -10808,17 +10808,17 @@\n .rela.rodata\n .rodata.str1.1\n .module_license\n .moddeps\n .modname\n grub.cfg\n 00000001154\n-14760173623\n-pbuilder1\n-pbuilder1\n+15163406301\n+pbuilder2\n+pbuilder2\n # First search for a suitable grub to chainload\n if search -s -f /boot/xen/pvboot-x86_64.elf ; then\n \techo \"Chainloading (${root})/boot/xen/pvboot-x86_64.elf\"\n \tmultiboot \"/boot/xen/pvboot-x86_64.elf\"\n if search -s -f /xen/pvboot-x86_64.elf ; then\n \techo \"Chainloading (${root})/xen/pvboot-x86_64.elf\"\n \tmultiboot \"/xen/pvboot-x86_64.elf\"\n"}, {"source1": "readelf --wide --decompress --hex-dump=mods {}", "source2": "readelf --wide --decompress --hex-dump=mods {}", "unified_diff": "@@ -130753,28 +130753,28 @@\n 0x0020e6ef 00000000 00000000 01000000 08280000 .............(..\n 0x0020e6ff 67727562 2e636667 00000000 00000000 grub.cfg........\n 0x0020e70f 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0020e71f 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0020e72f 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0020e73f 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0020e74f 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n- 0x0020e75f 00000000 30303030 36343400 30303032 ....0000644.0002\n- 0x0020e76f 31323700 30303032 31323700 30303030 127.0002127.0000\n- 0x0020e77f 30303031 31353400 31343736 30313733 0001154.14760173\n- 0x0020e78f 36323300 30313330 34360020 30000000 623.013046. 0...\n+ 0x0020e75f 00000000 30303030 36343400 30303034 ....0000644.0004\n+ 0x0020e76f 32353600 30303034 32353600 30303030 256.0004256.0000\n+ 0x0020e77f 30303031 31353400 31353136 33343036 0001154.15163406\n+ 0x0020e78f 33303100 30313330 35300020 30000000 301.013050. 0...\n 0x0020e79f 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0020e7af 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0020e7bf 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0020e7cf 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0020e7df 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0020e7ef 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0020e7ff 00757374 61722020 00706275 696c6465 .ustar .pbuilde\n- 0x0020e80f 72310000 00000000 00000000 00000000 r1..............\n+ 0x0020e80f 72320000 00000000 00000000 00000000 r2..............\n 0x0020e81f 00000000 00000000 00706275 696c6465 .........pbuilde\n- 0x0020e82f 72310000 00000000 00000000 00000000 r1..............\n+ 0x0020e82f 72320000 00000000 00000000 00000000 r2..............\n 0x0020e83f 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0020e84f 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0020e85f 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0020e86f 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0020e87f 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0020e88f 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0020e89f 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n"}]}]}]}]}, {"source1": "grub2-common_2.12-5_i386.deb", "source2": "grub2-common_2.12-5_i386.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 4 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 debian-binary\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1372 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 control.tar.xz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 678044 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 data.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 678048 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 data.tar.xz\n"}, {"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -21,17 +21,17 @@\n drwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 0 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/share/doc/\n drwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 0 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/share/grub/\n drwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 0 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/share/grub/default/\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 1565 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/share/grub/default/grub\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 186 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/share/grub/default/grub.md5sum\n drwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 0 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/share/info/\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 37889 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/share/info/grub-dev.info.gz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 87278 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/share/info/grub.info-1.gz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 14853 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/share/info/grub.info-2.gz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3576 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/share/info/grub.info.gz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 87274 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/share/info/grub.info-1.gz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 14850 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/share/info/grub.info-2.gz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3582 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/share/info/grub.info.gz\n drwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 0 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/share/man/\n drwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 0 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/share/man/man8/\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 1958 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/share/man/man8/grub-install.8.gz\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 921 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/share/man/man8/grub-reboot.8.gz\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 655 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/share/man/man8/grub-set-default.8.gz\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 248 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/share/man/man8/update-grub.8.gz\n lrwxrwxrwx 0 root (0) root (0) 0 2024-07-15 15:05:20.000000 ./usr/sbin/update-grub2 -> update-grub\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/share/info/grub.info-1.gz", "source2": "./usr/share/info/grub.info-1.gz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "grub.info-1", "source2": "grub.info-1", "has_internal_linenos": true, "unified_diff": "@@ -1,18890 +1,18889 @@\n 00000000: 5468 6973 2069 7320 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 This is grub.inf\n 00000010: 6f2c 2070 726f 6475 6365 6420 6279 206d o, produced by m\n 00000020: 616b 6569 6e66 6f20 7665 7273 696f 6e20 akeinfo version \n 00000030: 372e 312e 3120 6672 6f6d 2067 7275 622e 7.1.1 from grub.\n 00000040: 7465 7869 2e0a 0a54 6869 7320 6d61 6e75 texi...This manu\n 00000050: 616c 2069 7320 666f 7220 474e 5520 4752 al is for GNU GR\n 00000060: 5542 2028 7665 7273 696f 6e20 322e 3132 UB (version 2.12\n-00000070: 2c20 3237 2046 6562 7275 6172 7920 3230 , 27 February 20\n-00000080: 3235 292e 0a0a 2020 2043 6f70 7972 6967 25)... Copyrig\n-00000090: 6874 20c2 a90a 3139 3939 2c32 3030 302c ht ...1999,2000,\n-000000a0: 3230 3031 2c32 3030 322c 3230 3034 2c32 2001,2002,2004,2\n-000000b0: 3030 362c 3230 3038 2c32 3030 392c 3230 006,2008,2009,20\n-000000c0: 3130 2c32 3031 312c 3230 3132 2c32 3031 10,2011,2012,201\n-000000d0: 3320 4672 6565 0a53 6f66 7477 6172 6520 3 Free.Software \n-000000e0: 466f 756e 6461 7469 6f6e 2c20 496e 632e Foundation, Inc.\n-000000f0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2050 6572 6d69 7373 696f .. Permissio\n-00000100: 6e20 6973 2067 7261 6e74 6564 2074 6f20 n is granted to \n-00000110: 636f 7079 2c20 6469 7374 7269 6275 7465 copy, distribute\n-00000120: 2061 6e64 2f6f 7220 6d6f 6469 6679 2074 and/or modify t\n-00000130: 6869 730a 2020 2020 2064 6f63 756d 656e his. documen\n-00000140: 7420 756e 6465 7220 7468 6520 7465 726d t under the term\n-00000150: 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2047 4e55 2046 7265 s of the GNU Fre\n-00000160: 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 e Documentation \n-00000170: 4c69 6365 6e73 652c 0a20 2020 2020 5665 License,. Ve\n-00000180: 7273 696f 6e20 312e 3220 6f72 2061 6e79 rsion 1.2 or any\n-00000190: 206c 6174 6572 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2070 later version p\n-000001a0: 7562 6c69 7368 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 ublished by the \n-000001b0: 4672 6565 2053 6f66 7477 6172 650a 2020 Free Software. \n-000001c0: 2020 2046 6f75 6e64 6174 696f 6e3b 2077 Foundation; w\n-000001d0: 6974 6820 6e6f 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 ith no Invariant\n-000001e0: 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 732e 0a49 4e46 4f2d Sections..INFO-\n-000001f0: 4449 522d 5345 4354 494f 4e20 4b65 726e DIR-SECTION Kern\n-00000200: 656c 0a53 5441 5254 2d49 4e46 4f2d 4449 el.START-INFO-DI\n-00000210: 522d 454e 5452 590a 2a20 4752 5542 3a20 R-ENTRY.* GRUB: \n-00000220: 2867 7275 6229 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 (grub). \n-00000230: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 4752 616e The GRan\n-00000240: 6420 556e 6966 6965 6420 426f 6f74 6c6f d Unified Bootlo\n-00000250: 6164 6572 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 ader.* grub-inst\n-00000260: 616c 6c3a 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b all: (grub)Invok\n-00000270: 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c ing grub-install\n-00000280: 2e20 2020 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 . Install GRU\n-00000290: 4220 6f6e 2079 6f75 7220 6472 6976 650a B on your drive.\n-000002a0: 2a20 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 673a * grub-mkconfig:\n-000002b0: 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 (grub)Invoking \n-000002c0: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 672e 2020 grub-mkconfig. \n-000002d0: 4765 6e65 7261 7465 2047 5255 4220 636f Generate GRUB co\n-000002e0: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e0a 2a20 6772 nfiguration.* gr\n-000002f0: 7562 2d6d 6b70 6173 7377 642d 7062 6b64 ub-mkpasswd-pbkd\n-00000300: 6632 3a20 2867 7275 6229 496e 766f 6b69 f2: (grub)Invoki\n-00000310: 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 7373 7764 ng grub-mkpasswd\n-00000320: 2d70 626b 6466 322e 0a2a 2067 7275 622d -pbkdf2..* grub-\n-00000330: 6d6b 7265 6c70 6174 683a 2028 6772 7562 mkrelpath: (grub\n-00000340: 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d )Invoking grub-m\n-00000350: 6b72 656c 7061 7468 2e0a 2a20 6772 7562 krelpath..* grub\n-00000360: 2d6d 6b72 6573 6375 653a 2028 6772 7562 -mkrescue: (grub\n-00000370: 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d )Invoking grub-m\n-00000380: 6b72 6573 6375 652e 2020 4d61 6b65 2061 krescue. Make a\n-00000390: 2047 5255 4220 7265 7363 7565 2069 6d61 GRUB rescue ima\n-000003a0: 6765 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 6d6f 756e 743a ge.* grub-mount:\n-000003b0: 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 (grub)Invoking \n-000003c0: 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 2e20 2020 2020 grub-mount. \n-000003d0: 2020 204d 6f75 6e74 2061 2066 696c 6520 Mount a file \n-000003e0: 7379 7374 656d 2075 7369 6e67 2047 5255 system using GRU\n-000003f0: 420a 2a20 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 3a20 B.* grub-probe: \n-00000400: 2867 7275 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 (grub)Invoking g\n-00000410: 7275 622d 7072 6f62 652e 2020 2020 2020 rub-probe. \n-00000420: 2020 5072 6f62 6520 6465 7669 6365 2069 Probe device i\n-00000430: 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 0a2a 2067 7275 nformation.* gru\n-00000440: 622d 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 3a20 b-script-check: \n-00000450: 2867 7275 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 (grub)Invoking g\n-00000460: 7275 622d 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b rub-script-check\n-00000470: 2e0a 454e 442d 494e 464f 2d44 4952 2d45 ..END-INFO-DIR-E\n-00000480: 4e54 5259 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 NTRY....File: gr\n-00000490: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-000004a0: 546f 702c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 496e 7472 Top, Next: Intr\n-000004b0: 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e 2c20 2055 703a 2028 oduction, Up: (\n-000004c0: 6469 7229 0a0a 474e 5520 4752 5542 206d dir)..GNU GRUB m\n-000004d0: 616e 7561 6c0a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a anual.**********\n-000004e0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a54 6869 7320 6973 2074 *****..This is t\n-000004f0: 6865 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e he documentation\n-00000500: 206f 6620 474e 5520 4752 5542 2c20 7468 of GNU GRUB, th\n-00000510: 6520 4752 616e 6420 556e 6966 6965 6420 e GRand Unified \n-00000520: 426f 6f74 6c6f 6164 6572 2c20 610a 666c Bootloader, a.fl\n-00000530: 6578 6962 6c65 2061 6e64 2070 6f77 6572 exible and power\n-00000540: 6675 6c20 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 7220 ful boot loader \n-00000550: 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 666f 7220 6120 7769 program for a wi\n-00000560: 6465 2072 616e 6765 206f 660a 6172 6368 de range of.arch\n-00000570: 6974 6563 7475 7265 732e 0a0a 2020 2054 itectures... T\n-00000580: 6869 7320 6564 6974 696f 6e20 646f 6375 his edition docu\n-00000590: 6d65 6e74 7320 7665 7273 696f 6e20 322e ments version 2.\n-000005a0: 3132 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6973 206d 616e 12... This man\n-000005b0: 7561 6c20 6973 2066 6f72 2047 4e55 2047 ual is for GNU G\n-000005c0: 5255 4220 2876 6572 7369 6f6e 2032 2e31 RUB (version 2.1\n-000005d0: 322c 2032 3720 4665 6272 7561 7279 2032 2, 27 February 2\n-000005e0: 3032 3529 2e0a 0a20 2020 436f 7079 7269 025)... Copyri\n-000005f0: 6768 7420 c2a9 0a31 3939 392c 3230 3030 ght ...1999,2000\n-00000600: 2c32 3030 312c 3230 3032 2c32 3030 342c ,2001,2002,2004,\n-00000610: 3230 3036 2c32 3030 382c 3230 3039 2c32 2006,2008,2009,2\n-00000620: 3031 302c 3230 3131 2c32 3031 322c 3230 010,2011,2012,20\n-00000630: 3133 2046 7265 650a 536f 6674 7761 7265 13 Free.Software\n-00000640: 2046 6f75 6e64 6174 696f 6e2c 2049 6e63 Foundation, Inc\n-00000650: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5065 726d 6973 7369 ... Permissi\n-00000660: 6f6e 2069 7320 6772 616e 7465 6420 746f on is granted to\n-00000670: 2063 6f70 792c 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 copy, distribut\n-00000680: 6520 616e 642f 6f72 206d 6f64 6966 7920 e and/or modify \n-00000690: 7468 6973 0a20 2020 2020 646f 6375 6d65 this. docume\n-000006a0: 6e74 2075 6e64 6572 2074 6865 2074 6572 nt under the ter\n-000006b0: 6d73 206f 6620 7468 6520 474e 5520 4672 ms of the GNU Fr\n-000006c0: 6565 2044 6f63 756d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e ee Documentation\n-000006d0: 204c 6963 656e 7365 2c0a 2020 2020 2056 License,. V\n-000006e0: 6572 7369 6f6e 2031 2e32 206f 7220 616e ersion 1.2 or an\n-000006f0: 7920 6c61 7465 7220 7665 7273 696f 6e20 y later version \n-00000700: 7075 626c 6973 6865 6420 6279 2074 6865 published by the\n-00000710: 2046 7265 6520 536f 6674 7761 7265 0a20 Free Software. \n-00000720: 2020 2020 466f 756e 6461 7469 6f6e 3b20 Foundation; \n-00000730: 7769 7468 206e 6f20 496e 7661 7269 616e with no Invarian\n-00000740: 7420 5365 6374 696f 6e73 2e0a 0a2a 204d t Sections...* M\n-00000750: 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 496e 7472 6f64 7563 enu:..* Introduc\n-00000760: 7469 6f6e 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 tion:: \n-00000770: 2020 2020 2020 4361 7074 7572 696e 6720 Capturing \n-00000780: 7468 6520 7370 6972 6974 206f 6620 4752 the spirit of GR\n-00000790: 5542 0a2a 204e 616d 696e 6720 636f 6e76 UB.* Naming conv\n-000007a0: 656e 7469 6f6e 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ention:: \n-000007b0: 2020 204e 616d 6573 206f 6620 796f 7572 Names of your\n-000007c0: 2064 7269 7665 7320 696e 2047 5255 420a drives in GRUB.\n-000007d0: 2a20 4f53 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 6e6f * OS-specific no\n-000007e0: 7465 7320 6162 6f75 7420 6772 7562 2074 tes about grub t\n-000007f0: 6f6f 6c73 3a3a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ools::. \n-00000800: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00000810: 2020 2020 2020 2053 6f6d 6520 6e6f 7465 Some note\n-00000820: 7320 6162 6f75 7420 4f53 2d73 7065 6369 s about OS-speci\n-00000830: 6669 6320 6265 6861 7669 6f75 7220 6f66 fic behaviour of\n-00000840: 2047 5255 420a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 GRUB. \n-00000850: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00000860: 2020 2020 2020 746f 6f6c 730a 2a20 496e tools.* In\n-00000870: 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 3a3a 2020 2020 stallation:: \n-00000880: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 496e 7374 Inst\n-00000890: 616c 6c69 6e67 2047 5255 4220 6f6e 2079 alling GRUB on y\n-000008a0: 6f75 7220 6472 6976 650a 2a20 426f 6f74 our drive.* Boot\n-000008b0: 696e 673a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ing:: \n-000008c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 486f 7720 746f How to\n-000008d0: 2062 6f6f 7420 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 boot different \n-000008e0: 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d operating system\n-000008f0: 730a 2a20 436f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f s.* Configuratio\n-00000900: 6e3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 n:: \n-00000910: 2020 5772 6974 696e 6720 796f 7572 206f Writing your o\n-00000920: 776e 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e wn configuration\n-00000930: 2066 696c 650a 2a20 5468 656d 6520 6669 file.* Theme fi\n-00000940: 6c65 2066 6f72 6d61 743a 3a20 2020 2020 le format:: \n-00000950: 2020 2020 2020 466f 726d 6174 206f 6620 Format of \n-00000960: 4752 5542 2074 6865 6d65 2066 696c 6573 GRUB theme files\n-00000970: 0a2a 204e 6574 776f 726b 3a3a 2020 2020 .* Network:: \n-00000980: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00000990: 2044 6f77 6e6c 6f61 6469 6e67 204f 5320 Downloading OS \n-000009a0: 696d 6167 6573 2066 726f 6d20 6120 6e65 images from a ne\n-000009b0: 7477 6f72 6b0a 2a20 5365 7269 616c 2074 twork.* Serial t\n-000009c0: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 erminal:: \n-000009d0: 2020 2020 2020 5573 696e 6720 4752 5542 Using GRUB\n-000009e0: 2076 6961 2061 2073 6572 6961 6c20 6c69 via a serial li\n-000009f0: 6e65 0a2a 2056 656e 646f 7220 706f 7765 ne.* Vendor powe\n-00000a00: 722d 6f6e 206b 6579 733a 3a20 2020 2020 r-on keys:: \n-00000a10: 2020 2043 6861 6e67 696e 6720 4752 5542 Changing GRUB\n-00000a20: 2062 6568 6176 696f 7572 206f 6e20 7665 behaviour on ve\n-00000a30: 6e64 6f72 2070 6f77 6572 2d6f 6e20 6b65 ndor power-on ke\n-00000a40: 7973 0a2a 2049 6d61 6765 733a 3a20 2020 ys.* Images:: \n-00000a50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00000a60: 2020 2047 5255 4220 696d 6167 6520 6669 GRUB image fi\n-00000a70: 6c65 730a 2a20 436f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 les.* Core image\n-00000a80: 2073 697a 6520 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e size limitation\n-00000a90: 3a3a 2020 4752 5542 2069 6d61 6765 2066 :: GRUB image f\n-00000aa0: 696c 6573 2073 697a 6520 6c69 6d69 7461 iles size limita\n-00000ab0: 7469 6f6e 730a 2a20 4669 6c65 7379 7374 tions.* Filesyst\n-00000ac0: 656d 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 em:: \n-00000ad0: 2020 2020 2020 4669 6c65 7379 7374 656d Filesystem\n-00000ae0: 2073 796e 7461 7820 616e 6420 7365 6d61 syntax and sema\n-00000af0: 6e74 6963 730a 2a20 496e 7465 7266 6163 ntics.* Interfac\n-00000b00: 653a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e:: \n-00000b10: 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 6d65 6e75 2061 The menu a\n-00000b20: 6e64 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c nd the command-l\n-00000b30: 696e 650a 2a20 456e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e ine.* Environmen\n-00000b40: 743a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t:: \n-00000b50: 2020 2020 4752 5542 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e GRUB environ\n-00000b60: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a2a ment variables.*\n-00000b70: 204d 6f64 756c 6573 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 Modules:: \n-00000b80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2041 A\n-00000b90: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 206d 6f64 756c 6573 vailable modules\n-00000ba0: 0a2a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 733a 3a20 2020 .* Commands:: \n-00000bb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00000bc0: 2041 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2062 7569 6c74 Available built\n-00000bd0: 696e 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 2a20 496e in commands.* In\n-00000be0: 7465 726e 6174 696f 6e61 6c69 7361 7469 ternationalisati\n-00000bf0: 6f6e 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 546f 7069 on:: Topi\n-00000c00: 6373 2072 656c 6174 696e 6720 746f 206c cs relating to l\n-00000c10: 616e 6775 6167 6520 7375 7070 6f72 740a anguage support.\n-00000c20: 2a20 5365 6375 7269 7479 3a3a 2020 2020 * Security:: \n-00000c30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00000c40: 4175 7468 656e 7469 6361 7469 6f6e 2c20 Authentication, \n-00000c50: 6175 7468 6f72 6973 6174 696f 6e2c 2061 authorisation, a\n-00000c60: 6e64 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 730a 2a20 nd signatures.* \n-00000c70: 506c 6174 666f 726d 206c 696d 6974 6174 Platform limitat\n-00000c80: 696f 6e73 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 506c ions:: Pl\n-00000c90: 6174 666f 726d 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 atform-specific \n-00000ca0: 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e 730a 2a20 506c limitations.* Pl\n-00000cb0: 6174 666f 726d 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 atform-specific \n-00000cc0: 6f70 6572 6174 696f 6e73 3a3a 2050 6c61 operations:: Pla\n-00000cd0: 7466 6f72 6d2d 7370 6563 6966 6963 206f tform-specific o\n-00000ce0: 7065 7261 7469 6f6e 730a 2a20 5375 7070 perations.* Supp\n-00000cf0: 6f72 7465 6420 6b65 726e 656c 733a 3a20 orted kernels:: \n-00000d00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5375 7070 6f72 Suppor\n-00000d10: 7465 6420 6b65 726e 656c 730a 2a20 5472 ted kernels.* Tr\n-00000d20: 6f75 626c 6573 686f 6f74 696e 673a 3a20 oubleshooting:: \n-00000d30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4572 726f Erro\n-00000d40: 7220 6d65 7373 6167 6573 2070 726f 6475 r messages produ\n-00000d50: 6365 6420 6279 2047 5255 420a 2a20 5573 ced by GRUB.* Us\n-00000d60: 6572 2d73 7061 6365 2075 7469 6c69 7469 er-space utiliti\n-00000d70: 6573 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 5573 6167 es:: Usag\n-00000d80: 6520 6f66 2075 7365 722d 7370 6163 6520 e of user-space \n-00000d90: 7574 696c 6974 6965 730a 2a20 4f62 7461 utilities.* Obta\n-00000da0: 696e 696e 6720 616e 6420 4275 696c 6469 ining and Buildi\n-00000db0: 6e67 2047 5255 423a 3a20 486f 7720 746f ng GRUB:: How to\n-00000dc0: 206f 6274 6169 6e20 616e 6420 6275 696c obtain and buil\n-00000dd0: 6420 4752 5542 0a2a 2052 6570 6f72 7469 d GRUB.* Reporti\n-00000de0: 6e67 2062 7567 733a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 ng bugs:: \n-00000df0: 2020 2020 2020 2057 6865 7265 2079 6f75 Where you\n-00000e00: 2073 686f 756c 6420 7365 6e64 2061 2062 should send a b\n-00000e10: 7567 2072 6570 6f72 740a 2a20 4675 7475 ug report.* Futu\n-00000e20: 7265 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 re:: \n-00000e30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 536f 6d65 2066 Some f\n-00000e40: 7574 7572 6520 706c 616e 7320 6f6e 2047 uture plans on G\n-00000e50: 5255 420a 2a20 436f 7079 696e 6720 5468 RUB.* Copying Th\n-00000e60: 6973 204d 616e 7561 6c3a 3a20 2020 2020 is Manual:: \n-00000e70: 2020 2020 436f 7079 696e 6720 5468 6973 Copying This\n-00000e80: 204d 616e 7561 6c0a 2a20 496e 6465 783a Manual.* Index:\n-00000e90: 3a0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e :....File: grub.\n-00000ea0: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6e74 info, Node: Int\n-00000eb0: 726f 6475 6374 696f 6e2c 2020 4e65 7874 roduction, Next\n-00000ec0: 3a20 4e61 6d69 6e67 2063 6f6e 7665 6e74 : Naming convent\n-00000ed0: 696f 6e2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 546f 702c ion, Prev: Top,\n-00000ee0: 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a31 2049 6e74 Up: Top..1 Int\n-00000ef0: 726f 6475 6374 696f 6e20 746f 2047 5255 roduction to GRU\n-00000f00: 420a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a B.**************\n-00000f10: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 ********..* Menu\n-00000f20: 3a0a 0a2a 204f 7665 7276 6965 773a 3a20 :..* Overview:: \n-00000f30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00000f40: 2020 2057 6861 7420 6578 6163 746c 7920 What exactly \n-00000f50: 4752 5542 2069 7320 616e 6420 686f 7720 GRUB is and how \n-00000f60: 746f 2075 7365 2069 740a 2a20 4869 7374 to use it.* Hist\n-00000f70: 6f72 793a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ory:: \n-00000f80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4672 6f6d 206d From m\n-00000f90: 6167 676f 7420 746f 2068 6f75 7365 2066 aggot to house f\n-00000fa0: 6c79 0a2a 2043 6861 6e67 6573 2066 726f ly.* Changes fro\n-00000fb0: 6d20 4752 5542 204c 6567 6163 793a 3a20 m GRUB Legacy:: \n-00000fc0: 2020 2044 6966 6665 7265 6e63 6573 2066 Differences f\n-00000fd0: 726f 6d20 7072 6576 696f 7573 2076 6572 rom previous ver\n-00000fe0: 7369 6f6e 730a 2a20 4665 6174 7572 6573 sions.* Features\n-00000ff0: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n-00001000: 2020 2020 2020 4752 5542 2066 6561 7475 GRUB featu\n-00001010: 7265 730a 2a20 526f 6c65 206f 6620 6120 res.* Role of a \n-00001020: 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 723a 3a20 2020 boot loader:: \n-00001030: 2020 2020 5468 6520 726f 6c65 206f 6620 The role of \n-00001040: 6120 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 720a 0a1f a boot loader...\n-00001050: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-00001060: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204f 7665 7276 6965 , Node: Overvie\n-00001070: 772c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4869 7374 6f72 w, Next: Histor\n-00001080: 792c 2020 5570 3a20 496e 7472 6f64 7563 y, Up: Introduc\n-00001090: 7469 6f6e 0a0a 312e 3120 4f76 6572 7669 tion..1.1 Overvi\n-000010a0: 6577 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a ew.============.\n-000010b0: 0a42 7269 6566 6c79 2c20 6120 e280 9c62 .Briefly, a ...b\n-000010c0: 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 e280 9d20 6973 oot loader... is\n-000010d0: 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 2073 6f66 7477 the first softw\n-000010e0: 6172 6520 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 7468 6174 are program that\n-000010f0: 2072 756e 7320 7768 656e 2061 0a63 6f6d runs when a.com\n-00001100: 7075 7465 7220 7374 6172 7473 2e20 2049 puter starts. I\n-00001110: 7420 6973 2072 6573 706f 6e73 6962 6c65 t is responsible\n-00001120: 2066 6f72 206c 6f61 6469 6e67 2061 6e64 for loading and\n-00001130: 2074 7261 6e73 6665 7272 696e 6720 636f transferring co\n-00001140: 6e74 726f 6c0a 746f 2061 6e20 6f70 6572 ntrol.to an oper\n-00001150: 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 20e2 809c ating system ...\n-00001160: 6b65 726e 656c e280 9d20 736f 6674 7761 kernel... softwa\n-00001170: 7265 2028 7375 6368 2061 7320 4c69 6e75 re (such as Linu\n-00001180: 7820 6f72 2047 4e55 204d 6163 6829 2e0a x or GNU Mach)..\n-00001190: 5468 6520 6b65 726e 656c 2c20 696e 2074 The kernel, in t\n-000011a0: 7572 6e2c 2069 6e69 7469 616c 697a 6573 urn, initializes\n-000011b0: 2074 6865 2072 6573 7420 6f66 2074 6865 the rest of the\n-000011c0: 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 operating syste\n-000011d0: 6d20 2865 2e67 2e0a 6120 474e 5520 7379 m (e.g..a GNU sy\n-000011e0: 7374 656d 292e 0a0a 2020 2047 4e55 2047 stem)... GNU G\n-000011f0: 5255 4220 6973 2061 2076 6572 7920 706f RUB is a very po\n-00001200: 7765 7266 756c 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 werful boot load\n-00001210: 6572 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6361 6e20 6c6f er, which can lo\n-00001220: 6164 2061 2077 6964 650a 7661 7269 6574 ad a wide.variet\n-00001230: 7920 6f66 2066 7265 6520 6f70 6572 6174 y of free operat\n-00001240: 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 732c 2061 7320 ing systems, as \n-00001250: 7765 6c6c 2061 7320 7072 6f70 7269 6574 well as propriet\n-00001260: 6172 7920 6f70 6572 6174 696e 670a 7379 ary operating.sy\n-00001270: 7374 656d 7320 7769 7468 2063 6861 696e stems with chain\n-00001280: 2d6c 6f61 6469 6e67 2831 2920 282a 6e6f -loading(1) (*no\n-00001290: 7465 204f 7665 7276 6965 772d 466f 6f74 te Overview-Foot\n-000012a0: 6e6f 7465 2d31 3a3a 292e 2020 4752 5542 note-1::). GRUB\n-000012b0: 2069 730a 6465 7369 676e 6564 2074 6f20 is.designed to \n-000012c0: 6164 6472 6573 7320 7468 6520 636f 6d70 address the comp\n-000012d0: 6c65 7869 7479 206f 6620 626f 6f74 696e lexity of bootin\n-000012e0: 6720 6120 7065 7273 6f6e 616c 2063 6f6d g a personal com\n-000012f0: 7075 7465 723b 2062 6f74 680a 7468 6520 puter; both.the \n-00001300: 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 616e 6420 7468 6973 program and this\n-00001310: 206d 616e 7561 6c20 6172 6520 7469 6768 manual are tigh\n-00001320: 746c 7920 626f 756e 6420 746f 2074 6861 tly bound to tha\n-00001330: 7420 636f 6d70 7574 6572 2070 6c61 7466 t computer platf\n-00001340: 6f72 6d2c 0a61 6c74 686f 7567 6820 706f orm,.although po\n-00001350: 7274 696e 6720 746f 206f 7468 6572 2070 rting to other p\n-00001360: 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 206d 6179 2062 6520 latforms may be \n-00001370: 6164 6472 6573 7365 6420 696e 2074 6865 addressed in the\n-00001380: 2066 7574 7572 652e 0a0a 2020 204f 6e65 future... One\n-00001390: 206f 6620 7468 6520 696d 706f 7274 616e of the importan\n-000013a0: 7420 6665 6174 7572 6573 2069 6e20 4752 t features in GR\n-000013b0: 5542 2069 7320 666c 6578 6962 696c 6974 UB is flexibilit\n-000013c0: 793b 2047 5255 420a 756e 6465 7273 7461 y; GRUB.understa\n-000013d0: 6e64 7320 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 7320 nds filesystems \n-000013e0: 616e 6420 6b65 726e 656c 2065 7865 6375 and kernel execu\n-000013f0: 7461 626c 6520 666f 726d 6174 732c 2073 table formats, s\n-00001400: 6f20 796f 7520 6361 6e20 6c6f 6164 0a61 o you can load.a\n-00001410: 6e20 6172 6269 7472 6172 7920 6f70 6572 n arbitrary oper\n-00001420: 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 2074 6865 ating system the\n-00001430: 2077 6179 2079 6f75 206c 696b 652c 2077 way you like, w\n-00001440: 6974 686f 7574 2072 6563 6f72 6469 6e67 ithout recording\n-00001450: 2074 6865 0a70 6879 7369 6361 6c20 706f the.physical po\n-00001460: 7369 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 796f 7572 206b sition of your k\n-00001470: 6572 6e65 6c20 6f6e 2074 6865 2064 6973 ernel on the dis\n-00001480: 6b2e 2020 5468 7573 2079 6f75 2063 616e k. Thus you can\n-00001490: 206c 6f61 6420 7468 650a 6b65 726e 656c load the.kernel\n-000014a0: 206a 7573 7420 6279 2073 7065 6369 6679 just by specify\n-000014b0: 696e 6720 6974 7320 6669 6c65 206e 616d ing its file nam\n-000014c0: 6520 616e 6420 7468 6520 6472 6976 6520 e and the drive \n-000014d0: 616e 6420 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e0a 7768 and partition.wh\n-000014e0: 6572 6520 7468 6520 6b65 726e 656c 2072 ere the kernel r\n-000014f0: 6573 6964 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 5768 656e esides... When\n-00001500: 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2077 6974 6820 4752 booting with GR\n-00001510: 5542 2c20 796f 7520 6361 6e20 7573 6520 UB, you can use \n-00001520: 6569 7468 6572 2061 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 either a command\n-00001530: 2d6c 696e 6520 696e 7465 7266 6163 650a -line interface.\n-00001540: 282a 6e6f 7465 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c (*note Command-l\n-00001550: 696e 6520 696e 7465 7266 6163 653a 3a29 ine interface::)\n-00001560: 2c20 6f72 2061 206d 656e 7520 696e 7465 , or a menu inte\n-00001570: 7266 6163 6520 282a 6e6f 7465 204d 656e rface (*note Men\n-00001580: 750a 696e 7465 7266 6163 653a 3a29 2e20 u.interface::). \n-00001590: 2055 7369 6e67 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 Using the comma\n-000015a0: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 696e 7465 7266 6163 nd-line interfac\n-000015b0: 652c 2079 6f75 2074 7970 6520 7468 6520 e, you type the \n-000015c0: 6472 6976 650a 7370 6563 6966 6963 6174 drive.specificat\n-000015d0: 696f 6e20 616e 6420 6669 6c65 206e 616d ion and file nam\n-000015e0: 6520 6f66 2074 6865 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 e of the kernel \n-000015f0: 6d61 6e75 616c 6c79 2e20 2049 6e20 7468 manually. In th\n-00001600: 6520 6d65 6e75 0a69 6e74 6572 6661 6365 e menu.interface\n-00001610: 2c20 796f 7520 6a75 7374 2073 656c 6563 , you just selec\n-00001620: 7420 616e 204f 5320 7573 696e 6720 7468 t an OS using th\n-00001630: 6520 6172 726f 7720 6b65 7973 2e20 2054 e arrow keys. T\n-00001640: 6865 206d 656e 7520 6973 0a62 6173 6564 he menu is.based\n-00001650: 206f 6e20 6120 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 on a configurat\n-00001660: 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2077 6869 6368 2079 ion file which y\n-00001670: 6f75 2070 7265 7061 7265 2062 6566 6f72 ou prepare befor\n-00001680: 6568 616e 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 0a43 6f6e ehand (*note.Con\n-00001690: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a 292e 2020 figuration::). \n-000016a0: 5768 696c 6520 696e 2074 6865 206d 656e While in the men\n-000016b0: 752c 2079 6f75 2063 616e 2073 7769 7463 u, you can switc\n-000016c0: 6820 746f 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 h to the command\n-000016d0: 2d6c 696e 650a 6d6f 6465 2c20 616e 6420 -line.mode, and \n-000016e0: 7669 6365 2d76 6572 7361 2e20 2059 6f75 vice-versa. You\n-000016f0: 2063 616e 2065 7665 6e20 6564 6974 206d can even edit m\n-00001700: 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 7320 6265 666f enu entries befo\n-00001710: 7265 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 6d2e 0a0a re using them...\n-00001720: 2020 2049 6e20 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 In the follow\n-00001730: 696e 6720 6368 6170 7465 7273 2c20 796f ing chapters, yo\n-00001740: 7520 7769 6c6c 206c 6561 726e 2068 6f77 u will learn how\n-00001750: 2074 6f20 7370 6563 6966 7920 6120 6472 to specify a dr\n-00001760: 6976 652c 2061 0a70 6172 7469 7469 6f6e ive, a.partition\n-00001770: 2c20 616e 6420 6120 6669 6c65 206e 616d , and a file nam\n-00001780: 6520 282a 6e6f 7465 204e 616d 696e 6720 e (*note Naming \n-00001790: 636f 6e76 656e 7469 6f6e 3a3a 2920 746f convention::) to\n-000017a0: 2047 5255 422c 2068 6f77 2074 6f0a 696e GRUB, how to.in\n-000017b0: 7374 616c 6c20 4752 5542 206f 6e20 796f stall GRUB on yo\n-000017c0: 7572 2064 7269 7665 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 ur drive (*note \n-000017d0: 496e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 3a3a 292c Installation::),\n-000017e0: 2061 6e64 2068 6f77 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 and how to boot\n-000017f0: 2079 6f75 720a 4f53 6573 2028 2a6e 6f74 your.OSes (*not\n-00001800: 6520 426f 6f74 696e 673a 3a29 2c20 7374 e Booting::), st\n-00001810: 6570 2062 7920 7374 6570 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 ep by step.....F\n-00001820: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-00001830: 204e 6f64 653a 204f 7665 7276 6965 772d Node: Overview-\n-00001840: 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 732c 2020 5570 3a20 Footnotes, Up: \n-00001850: 4f76 6572 7669 6577 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 Overview.. (1)\n-00001860: 20e2 809c 6368 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 e280 ...chain-load..\n-00001870: 9d20 6973 2074 6865 206d 6563 6861 6e69 . is the mechani\n-00001880: 736d 2066 6f72 206c 6f61 6469 6e67 2075 sm for loading u\n-00001890: 6e73 7570 706f 7274 6564 206f 7065 7261 nsupported opera\n-000018a0: 7469 6e67 0a73 7973 7465 6d73 2062 7920 ting.systems by \n-000018b0: 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 616e 6f74 6865 7220 loading another \n-000018c0: 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 722e 2020 4974 boot loader. It\n-000018d0: 2069 7320 7479 7069 6361 6c6c 7920 7573 is typically us\n-000018e0: 6564 2066 6f72 0a6c 6f61 6469 6e67 2044 ed for.loading D\n-000018f0: 4f53 206f 7220 5769 6e64 6f77 732e 0a0a OS or Windows...\n-00001900: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-00001910: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4869 7374 6f72 o, Node: Histor\n-00001920: 792c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4368 616e 6765 y, Next: Change\n-00001930: 7320 6672 6f6d 2047 5255 4220 4c65 6761 s from GRUB Lega\n-00001940: 6379 2c20 2050 7265 763a 204f 7665 7276 cy, Prev: Overv\n-00001950: 6965 772c 2020 5570 3a20 496e 7472 6f64 iew, Up: Introd\n-00001960: 7563 7469 6f6e 0a0a 312e 3220 4869 7374 uction..1.2 Hist\n-00001970: 6f72 7920 6f66 2047 5255 420a 3d3d 3d3d ory of GRUB.====\n-00001980: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a ===============.\n-00001990: 0a47 5255 4220 6f72 6967 696e 6174 6564 .GRUB originated\n-000019a0: 2069 6e20 3139 3935 2077 6865 6e20 4572 in 1995 when Er\n-000019b0: 6963 6820 426f 6c65 796e 2077 6173 2074 ich Boleyn was t\n-000019c0: 7279 696e 6720 746f 2062 6f6f 7420 7468 rying to boot th\n-000019d0: 6520 474e 550a 4875 7264 2077 6974 6820 e GNU.Hurd with \n-000019e0: 7468 6520 556e 6976 6572 7369 7479 206f the University o\n-000019f0: 6620 5574 6168 2773 204d 6163 6820 3420 f Utah's Mach 4 \n-00001a00: 6d69 6372 6f6b 6572 6e65 6c20 286e 6f77 microkernel (now\n-00001a10: 206b 6e6f 776e 2061 7320 474e 550a 4d61 known as GNU.Ma\n-00001a20: 6368 292e 2020 4572 6963 6820 616e 6420 ch). Erich and \n-00001a30: 4272 6961 6e20 466f 7264 2064 6573 6967 Brian Ford desig\n-00001a40: 6e65 6420 7468 6520 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f ned the Multiboo\n-00001a50: 7420 5370 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 t Specification \n-00001a60: 282a 6e6f 7465 0a4d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 (*note.Multiboot\n-00001a70: 2053 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 3a20 Specification: \n-00001a80: 286d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2954 6f70 2e29 (multiboot)Top.)\n-00001a90: 2c20 6265 6361 7573 6520 7468 6579 2077 , because they w\n-00001aa0: 6572 6520 6465 7465 726d 696e 6564 0a6e ere determined.n\n-00001ab0: 6f74 2074 6f20 6164 6420 746f 2074 6865 ot to add to the\n-00001ac0: 206c 6172 6765 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 large number of\n-00001ad0: 206d 7574 7561 6c6c 792d 696e 636f 6d70 mutually-incomp\n-00001ae0: 6174 6962 6c65 2050 4320 626f 6f74 206d atible PC boot m\n-00001af0: 6574 686f 6473 2e0a 0a20 2020 4572 6963 ethods... Eric\n-00001b00: 6820 7468 656e 2062 6567 616e 206d 6f64 h then began mod\n-00001b10: 6966 7969 6e67 2074 6865 2046 7265 6542 ifying the FreeB\n-00001b20: 5344 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2073 SD boot loader s\n-00001b30: 6f20 7468 6174 2069 7420 776f 756c 640a o that it would.\n-00001b40: 756e 6465 7273 7461 6e64 204d 756c 7469 understand Multi\n-00001b50: 626f 6f74 2e20 2048 6520 736f 6f6e 2072 boot. He soon r\n-00001b60: 6561 6c69 7a65 6420 7468 6174 2069 7420 ealized that it \n-00001b70: 776f 756c 6420 6265 2061 206c 6f74 2065 would be a lot e\n-00001b80: 6173 6965 7220 746f 0a77 7269 7465 2068 asier to.write h\n-00001b90: 6973 206f 776e 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 is own boot load\n-00001ba0: 6572 2066 726f 6d20 7363 7261 7463 6820 er from scratch \n-00001bb0: 7468 616e 2074 6f20 6b65 6570 2077 6f72 than to keep wor\n-00001bc0: 6b69 6e67 206f 6e20 7468 650a 4672 6565 king on the.Free\n-00001bd0: 4253 4420 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 722c BSD boot loader,\n-00001be0: 2061 6e64 2073 6f20 4752 5542 2077 6173 and so GRUB was\n-00001bf0: 2062 6f72 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2045 7269 6368 born... Erich\n-00001c00: 2061 6464 6564 206d 616e 7920 6665 6174 added many feat\n-00001c10: 7572 6573 2074 6f20 4752 5542 2c20 6275 ures to GRUB, bu\n-00001c20: 7420 6f74 6865 7220 7072 696f 7269 7469 t other prioriti\n-00001c30: 6573 2070 7265 7665 6e74 6564 2068 696d es prevented him\n-00001c40: 0a66 726f 6d20 6b65 6570 696e 6720 7570 .from keeping up\n-00001c50: 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 6465 6d61 6e64 with the demand\n-00001c60: 7320 6f66 2069 7473 2071 7569 636b 6c79 s of its quickly\n-00001c70: 2d65 7870 616e 6469 6e67 2075 7365 7220 -expanding user \n-00001c80: 6261 7365 2e20 2049 6e0a 3139 3939 2c20 base. In.1999, \n-00001c90: 476f 7264 6f6e 204d 6174 7a69 676b 6569 Gordon Matzigkei\n-00001ca0: 7420 616e 6420 596f 7368 696e 6f72 6920 t and Yoshinori \n-00001cb0: 4b2e 204f 6b75 6a69 2061 646f 7074 6564 K. Okuji adopted\n-00001cc0: 2047 5255 4220 6173 2061 6e0a 6f66 6669 GRUB as an.offi\n-00001cd0: 6369 616c 2047 4e55 2070 6163 6b61 6765 cial GNU package\n-00001ce0: 2c20 616e 6420 6f70 656e 6564 2069 7473 , and opened its\n-00001cf0: 2064 6576 656c 6f70 6d65 6e74 2062 7920 development by \n-00001d00: 6d61 6b69 6e67 2074 6865 206c 6174 6573 making the lates\n-00001d10: 740a 736f 7572 6365 7320 6176 6169 6c61 t.sources availa\n-00001d20: 626c 6520 7669 6120 616e 6f6e 796d 6f75 ble via anonymou\n-00001d30: 7320 4356 532e 202a 4e6f 7465 204f 6274 s CVS. *Note Obt\n-00001d40: 6169 6e69 6e67 2061 6e64 2042 7569 6c64 aining and Build\n-00001d50: 696e 670a 4752 5542 3a3a 2c20 666f 7220 ing.GRUB::, for \n-00001d60: 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e more information\n-00001d70: 2e0a 0a20 2020 4f76 6572 2074 6865 206e ... Over the n\n-00001d80: 6578 7420 6665 7720 7965 6172 732c 2047 ext few years, G\n-00001d90: 5255 4220 7761 7320 6578 7465 6e64 6564 RUB was extended\n-00001da0: 2074 6f20 6d65 6574 206d 616e 7920 6e65 to meet many ne\n-00001db0: 6564 732c 2062 7574 2069 740a 7175 6963 eds, but it.quic\n-00001dc0: 6b6c 7920 6265 6361 6d65 2063 6c65 6172 kly became clear\n-00001dd0: 2074 6861 7420 6974 7320 6465 7369 676e that its design\n-00001de0: 2077 6173 206e 6f74 206b 6565 7069 6e67 was not keeping\n-00001df0: 2075 7020 7769 7468 2074 6865 0a65 7874 up with the.ext\n-00001e00: 656e 7369 6f6e 7320 6265 696e 6720 6d61 ensions being ma\n-00001e10: 6465 2074 6f20 6974 2c20 616e 6420 7765 de to it, and we\n-00001e20: 2072 6561 6368 6564 2074 6865 2070 6f69 reached the poi\n-00001e30: 6e74 2077 6865 7265 2069 7420 7761 7320 nt where it was \n-00001e40: 7665 7279 0a64 6966 6669 6375 6c74 2074 very.difficult t\n-00001e50: 6f20 6d61 6b65 2061 6e79 2066 7572 7468 o make any furth\n-00001e60: 6572 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2077 6974 686f er changes witho\n-00001e70: 7574 2062 7265 616b 696e 6720 6578 6973 ut breaking exis\n-00001e80: 7469 6e67 0a66 6561 7475 7265 732e 2020 ting.features. \n-00001e90: 4172 6f75 6e64 2032 3030 322c 2059 6f73 Around 2002, Yos\n-00001ea0: 6869 6e6f 7269 204b 2e20 4f6b 756a 6920 hinori K. Okuji \n-00001eb0: 7374 6172 7465 6420 776f 726b 206f 6e20 started work on \n-00001ec0: 5055 5041 0a28 5072 656c 696d 696e 6172 PUPA.(Preliminar\n-00001ed0: 7920 556e 6976 6572 7361 6c20 5072 6f67 y Universal Prog\n-00001ee0: 7261 6d6d 696e 6720 4172 6368 6974 6563 ramming Architec\n-00001ef0: 7475 7265 2066 6f72 2047 4e55 2047 5255 ture for GNU GRU\n-00001f00: 4229 2c20 6169 6d69 6e67 2074 6f0a 7265 B), aiming to.re\n-00001f10: 7772 6974 6520 7468 6520 636f 7265 206f write the core o\n-00001f20: 6620 4752 5542 2074 6f20 6d61 6b65 2069 f GRUB to make i\n-00001f30: 7420 636c 6561 6e65 722c 2073 6166 6572 t cleaner, safer\n-00001f40: 2c20 6d6f 7265 2072 6f62 7573 742c 2061 , more robust, a\n-00001f50: 6e64 0a6d 6f72 6520 706f 7765 7266 756c nd.more powerful\n-00001f60: 2e20 2050 5550 4120 7761 7320 6576 656e . PUPA was even\n-00001f70: 7475 616c 6c79 2072 656e 616d 6564 2074 tually renamed t\n-00001f80: 6f20 4752 5542 2032 2c20 616e 6420 7468 o GRUB 2, and th\n-00001f90: 6520 6f72 6967 696e 616c 0a76 6572 7369 e original.versi\n-00001fa0: 6f6e 206f 6620 4752 5542 2077 6173 2072 on of GRUB was r\n-00001fb0: 656e 616d 6564 2074 6f20 4752 5542 204c enamed to GRUB L\n-00001fc0: 6567 6163 792e 2020 536d 616c 6c20 616d egacy. Small am\n-00001fd0: 6f75 6e74 7320 6f66 0a6d 6169 6e74 656e ounts of.mainten\n-00001fe0: 616e 6365 2063 6f6e 7469 6e75 6564 2074 ance continued t\n-00001ff0: 6f20 6265 2064 6f6e 6520 6f6e 2047 5255 o be done on GRU\n-00002000: 4220 4c65 6761 6379 2c20 6275 7420 7468 B Legacy, but th\n-00002010: 6520 6c61 7374 2072 656c 6561 7365 0a28 e last release.(\n-00002020: 302e 3937 2920 7761 7320 6d61 6465 2069 0.97) was made i\n-00002030: 6e20 3230 3035 2061 6e64 2061 7420 7468 n 2005 and at th\n-00002040: 6520 7469 6d65 206f 6620 7772 6974 696e e time of writin\n-00002050: 6720 6974 2073 6565 6d73 2075 6e6c 696b g it seems unlik\n-00002060: 656c 790a 7468 6174 2074 6865 7265 2077 ely.that there w\n-00002070: 696c 6c20 6265 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 2e0a ill be another..\n-00002080: 0a20 2020 4279 2061 726f 756e 6420 3230 . By around 20\n-00002090: 3037 2c20 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 7820 6469 07, GNU/Linux di\n-000020a0: 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 7320 7374 6172 stributions star\n-000020b0: 7465 6420 746f 2075 7365 2047 5255 4220 ted to use GRUB \n-000020c0: 3220 746f 0a6c 696d 6974 6564 2065 7874 2 to.limited ext\n-000020d0: 656e 7473 2c20 616e 6420 6279 2074 6865 ents, and by the\n-000020e0: 2065 6e64 206f 6620 3230 3039 206d 756c end of 2009 mul\n-000020f0: 7469 706c 6520 6d61 6a6f 7220 6469 7374 tiple major dist\n-00002100: 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 730a 7765 7265 2069 ributions.were i\n-00002110: 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e 6720 6974 2062 7920 nstalling it by \n-00002120: 6465 6661 756c 742e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 default.....File\n-00002130: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-00002140: 6465 3a20 4368 616e 6765 7320 6672 6f6d de: Changes from\n-00002150: 2047 5255 4220 4c65 6761 6379 2c20 204e GRUB Legacy, N\n-00002160: 6578 743a 2046 6561 7475 7265 732c 2020 ext: Features, \n-00002170: 5072 6576 3a20 4869 7374 6f72 792c 2020 Prev: History, \n-00002180: 5570 3a20 496e 7472 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e Up: Introduction\n-00002190: 0a0a 312e 3320 4469 6666 6572 656e 6365 ..1.3 Difference\n-000021a0: 7320 6672 6f6d 2070 7265 7669 6f75 7320 s from previous \n-000021b0: 7665 7273 696f 6e73 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d versions.=======\n+00000070: 2c20 3220 4170 7269 6c20 3230 3236 292e , 2 April 2026).\n+00000080: 0a0a 2020 2043 6f70 7972 6967 6874 20c2 .. Copyright .\n+00000090: a90a 3139 3939 2c32 3030 302c 3230 3031 ..1999,2000,2001\n+000000a0: 2c32 3030 322c 3230 3034 2c32 3030 362c ,2002,2004,2006,\n+000000b0: 3230 3038 2c32 3030 392c 3230 3130 2c32 2008,2009,2010,2\n+000000c0: 3031 312c 3230 3132 2c32 3031 3320 4672 011,2012,2013 Fr\n+000000d0: 6565 0a53 6f66 7477 6172 6520 466f 756e ee.Software Foun\n+000000e0: 6461 7469 6f6e 2c20 496e 632e 0a0a 2020 dation, Inc... \n+000000f0: 2020 2050 6572 6d69 7373 696f 6e20 6973 Permission is\n+00000100: 2067 7261 6e74 6564 2074 6f20 636f 7079 granted to copy\n+00000110: 2c20 6469 7374 7269 6275 7465 2061 6e64 , distribute and\n+00000120: 2f6f 7220 6d6f 6469 6679 2074 6869 730a /or modify this.\n+00000130: 2020 2020 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7420 756e document un\n+00000140: 6465 7220 7468 6520 7465 726d 7320 6f66 der the terms of\n+00000150: 2074 6865 2047 4e55 2046 7265 6520 446f the GNU Free Do\n+00000160: 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 4c69 6365 cumentation Lice\n+00000170: 6e73 652c 0a20 2020 2020 5665 7273 696f nse,. 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F\n+000001c0: 6f75 6e64 6174 696f 6e3b 2077 6974 6820 oundation; with \n+000001d0: 6e6f 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 2053 6563 no Invariant Sec\n+000001e0: 7469 6f6e 732e 0a49 4e46 4f2d 4449 522d tions..INFO-DIR-\n+000001f0: 5345 4354 494f 4e20 4b65 726e 656c 0a53 SECTION Kernel.S\n+00000200: 5441 5254 2d49 4e46 4f2d 4449 522d 454e TART-INFO-DIR-EN\n+00000210: 5452 590a 2a20 4752 5542 3a20 2867 7275 TRY.* GRUB: (gru\n+00000220: 6229 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 b). \n+00000230: 2020 2020 5468 6520 4752 616e 6420 556e The GRand Un\n+00000240: 6966 6965 6420 426f 6f74 6c6f 6164 6572 ified Bootloader\n+00000250: 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c3a .* grub-install:\n+00000260: 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 (grub)Invoking \n+00000270: 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 2e20 2020 grub-install. \n+00000280: 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 4220 6f6e Install GRUB on\n+00000290: 2079 6f75 7220 6472 6976 650a 2a20 6772 your drive.* gr\n+000002a0: 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 673a 2028 6772 ub-mkconfig: (gr\n+000002b0: 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 ub)Invoking grub\n+000002c0: 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 672e 2020 4765 6e65 -mkconfig. Gene\n+000002d0: 7261 7465 2047 5255 4220 636f 6e66 6967 rate GRUB config\n+000002e0: 7572 6174 696f 6e0a 2a20 6772 7562 2d6d uration.* grub-m\n+000002f0: 6b70 6173 7377 642d 7062 6b64 6632 3a20 kpasswd-pbkdf2: \n+00000300: 2867 7275 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 (grub)Invoking g\n+00000310: 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 7373 7764 2d70 626b rub-mkpasswd-pbk\n+00000320: 6466 322e 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 df2..* grub-mkre\n+00000330: 6c70 6174 683a 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 lpath: (grub)Inv\n+00000340: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 656c oking grub-mkrel\n+00000350: 7061 7468 2e0a 2a20 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 path..* grub-mkr\n+00000360: 6573 6375 653a 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 escue: (grub)Inv\n+00000370: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 6573 oking grub-mkres\n+00000380: 6375 652e 2020 4d61 6b65 2061 2047 5255 cue. Make a GRU\n+00000390: 4220 7265 7363 7565 2069 6d61 6765 0a2a B rescue image.*\n+000003a0: 2067 7275 622d 6d6f 756e 743a 2028 6772 grub-mount: (gr\n+000003b0: 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 ub)Invoking grub\n+000003c0: 2d6d 6f75 6e74 2e20 2020 2020 2020 204d -mount. M\n+000003d0: 6f75 6e74 2061 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 ount a file syst\n+000003e0: 656d 2075 7369 6e67 2047 5255 420a 2a20 em using GRUB.* \n+000003f0: 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 3a20 2867 7275 grub-probe: (gru\n+00000400: 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d b)Invoking grub-\n+00000410: 7072 6f62 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 5072 probe. Pr\n+00000420: 6f62 6520 6465 7669 6365 2069 6e66 6f72 obe device infor\n+00000430: 6d61 7469 6f6e 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 7363 mation.* grub-sc\n+00000440: 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 3a20 2867 7275 ript-check: (gru\n+00000450: 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d b)Invoking grub-\n+00000460: 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 2e0a 454e script-check..EN\n+00000470: 442d 494e 464f 2d44 4952 2d45 4e54 5259 D-INFO-DIR-ENTRY\n+00000480: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+00000490: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 546f 702c nfo, Node: Top,\n+000004a0: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 496e 7472 6f64 7563 Next: Introduc\n+000004b0: 7469 6f6e 2c20 2055 703a 2028 6469 7229 tion, Up: (dir)\n+000004c0: 0a0a 474e 5520 4752 5542 206d 616e 7561 ..GNU GRUB manua\n+000004d0: 6c0a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a l.**************\n+000004e0: 2a0a 0a54 6869 7320 6973 2074 6865 2064 *..This is the d\n+000004f0: 6f63 756d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 ocumentation of \n+00000500: 474e 5520 4752 5542 2c20 7468 6520 4752 GNU GRUB, the GR\n+00000510: 616e 6420 556e 6966 6965 6420 426f 6f74 and Unified Boot\n+00000520: 6c6f 6164 6572 2c20 610a 666c 6578 6962 loader, a.flexib\n+00000530: 6c65 2061 6e64 2070 6f77 6572 6675 6c20 le and powerful \n+00000540: 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 7220 7072 6f67 boot loader prog\n+00000550: 7261 6d20 666f 7220 6120 7769 6465 2072 ram for a wide r\n+00000560: 616e 6765 206f 660a 6172 6368 6974 6563 ange of.architec\n+00000570: 7475 7265 732e 0a0a 2020 2054 6869 7320 tures... 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Foun\n+00000720: 6461 7469 6f6e 3b20 7769 7468 206e 6f20 dation; with no \n+00000730: 496e 7661 7269 616e 7420 5365 6374 696f Invariant Sectio\n+00000740: 6e73 2e0a 0a2a 204d 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 ns...* Menu:..* \n+00000750: 496e 7472 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e 3a3a 2020 Introduction:: \n+00000760: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4361 Ca\n+00000770: 7074 7572 696e 6720 7468 6520 7370 6972 pturing the spir\n+00000780: 6974 206f 6620 4752 5542 0a2a 204e 616d it of GRUB.* Nam\n+00000790: 696e 6720 636f 6e76 656e 7469 6f6e 3a3a ing convention::\n+000007a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204e 616d 6573 Names\n+000007b0: 206f 6620 796f 7572 2064 7269 7665 7320 of your drives \n+000007c0: 696e 2047 5255 420a 2a20 4f53 2d73 7065 in GRUB.* OS-spe\n+000007d0: 6369 6669 6320 6e6f 7465 7320 6162 6f75 cific notes abou\n+000007e0: 7420 6772 7562 2074 6f6f 6c73 3a3a 0a20 t grub tools::. \n+000007f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00000800: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 S\n+00000810: 6f6d 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Writin\n+00000910: 6720 796f 7572 206f 776e 2063 6f6e 6669 g your own confi\n+00000920: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 650a 2a20 guration file.* \n+00000930: 5468 656d 6520 6669 6c65 2066 6f72 6d61 Theme file forma\n+00000940: 743a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 466f t:: Fo\n+00000950: 726d 6174 206f 6620 4752 5542 2074 6865 rmat of GRUB the\n+00000960: 6d65 2066 696c 6573 0a2a 204e 6574 776f me files.* Netwo\n+00000970: 726b 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 rk:: \n+00000980: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2044 6f77 6e6c 6f61 Downloa\n+00000990: 6469 6e67 204f 5320 696d 6167 6573 2066 ding OS images f\n+000009a0: 726f 6d20 6120 6e65 7477 6f72 6b0a 2a20 rom a network.* \n+000009b0: 5365 7269 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c3a Serial terminal:\n+000009c0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5573 : Us\n+000009d0: 696e 6720 4752 5542 2076 6961 2061 2073 ing GRUB via a s\n+000009e0: 6572 6961 6c20 6c69 6e65 0a2a 2056 656e erial line.* Ven\n+000009f0: 646f 7220 706f 7765 722d 6f6e 206b 6579 dor power-on 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\n+00000af0: 496e 7465 7266 6163 653a 3a20 2020 2020 Interface:: \n+00000b00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 Th\n+00000b10: 6520 6d65 6e75 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2063 e menu and the c\n+00000b20: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 650a 2a20 456e ommand-line.* En\n+00000b30: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 743a 3a20 2020 2020 vironment:: \n+00000b40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4752 5542 GRUB\n+00000b50: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n+00000b60: 6961 626c 6573 0a2a 204d 6f64 756c 6573 iables.* Modules\n+00000b70: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n+00000b80: 2020 2020 2020 2041 7661 696c 6162 6c65 Available\n+00000b90: 206d 6f64 756c 6573 0a2a 2043 6f6d 6d61 modules.* Comma\n+00000ba0: 6e64 733a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 nds:: \n+00000bb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2041 7661 696c 6162 Availab\n+00000bc0: 6c65 2062 7569 6c74 696e 2063 6f6d 6d61 le builtin comma\n+00000bd0: 6e64 730a 2a20 496e 7465 726e 6174 696f nds.* Internatio\n+00000be0: 6e61 6c69 7361 7469 6f6e 3a3a 2020 2020 nalisation:: \n+00000bf0: 2020 2020 546f 7069 6373 2072 656c 6174 Topics relat\n+00000c00: 696e 6720 746f 206c 616e 6775 6167 6520 ing to language \n+00000c10: 7375 7070 6f72 740a 2a20 5365 6375 7269 support.* Securi\n+00000c20: 7479 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ty:: \n+00000c30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4175 7468 656e 7469 Authenti\n+00000c40: 6361 7469 6f6e 2c20 6175 7468 6f72 6973 cation, authoris\n+00000c50: 6174 696f 6e2c 2061 6e64 2073 6967 6e61 ation, and signa\n+00000c60: 7475 7265 730a 2a20 506c 6174 666f 726d tures.* Platform\n+00000c70: 206c 696d 6974 6174 696f 6e73 3a3a 2020 limitations:: \n+00000c80: 2020 2020 2020 506c 6174 666f 726d 2d73 Platform-s\n+00000c90: 7065 6369 6669 6320 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 pecific limitati\n+00000ca0: 6f6e 730a 2a20 506c 6174 666f 726d 2d73 ons.* Platform-s\n+00000cb0: 7065 6369 6669 6320 6f70 6572 6174 696f pecific operatio\n+00000cc0: 6e73 3a3a 2050 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2d 7370 ns:: Platform-sp\n+00000cd0: 6563 6966 6963 206f 7065 7261 7469 6f6e ecific operation\n+00000ce0: 730a 2a20 5375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 6b65 s.* Supported ke\n+00000cf0: 726e 656c 733a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 rnels:: \n+00000d00: 2020 5375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 6b65 726e Supported kern\n+00000d10: 656c 730a 2a20 5472 6f75 626c 6573 686f els.* Troublesho\n+00000d20: 6f74 696e 673a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 oting:: \n+00000d30: 2020 2020 4572 726f 7220 6d65 7373 6167 Error messag\n+00000d40: 6573 2070 726f 6475 6365 6420 6279 2047 es produced by G\n+00000d50: 5255 420a 2a20 5573 6572 2d73 7061 6365 RUB.* User-space\n+00000d60: 2075 7469 6c69 7469 6573 3a3a 2020 2020 utilities:: \n+00000d70: 2020 2020 5573 6167 6520 6f66 2075 7365 Usage of use\n+00000d80: 722d 7370 6163 6520 7574 696c 6974 6965 r-space utilitie\n+00000d90: 730a 2a20 4f62 7461 696e 696e 6720 616e s.* Obtaining an\n+00000da0: 6420 4275 696c 6469 6e67 2047 5255 423a d Building GRUB:\n+00000db0: 3a20 486f 7720 746f 206f 6274 6169 6e20 : How to obtain \n+00000dc0: 616e 6420 6275 696c 6420 4752 5542 0a2a and build GRUB.*\n+00000dd0: 2052 6570 6f72 7469 6e67 2062 7567 733a Reporting bugs:\n+00000de0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2057 : W\n+00000df0: 6865 7265 2079 6f75 2073 686f 756c 6420 here you should \n+00000e00: 7365 6e64 2061 2062 7567 2072 6570 6f72 send a bug repor\n+00000e10: 740a 2a20 4675 7475 7265 3a3a 2020 2020 t.* Future:: \n+00000e20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00000e30: 2020 536f 6d65 2066 7574 7572 6520 706c Some future pl\n+00000e40: 616e 7320 6f6e 2047 5255 420a 2a20 436f ans on GRUB.* Co\n+00000e50: 7079 696e 6720 5468 6973 204d 616e 7561 pying This Manua\n+00000e60: 6c3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 436f 7079 l:: Copy\n+00000e70: 696e 6720 5468 6973 204d 616e 7561 6c0a ing This Manual.\n+00000e80: 2a20 496e 6465 783a 3a0a 0a1f 0a46 696c * Index::....Fil\n+00000e90: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+00000ea0: 6f64 653a 2049 6e74 726f 6475 6374 696f ode: Introductio\n+00000eb0: 6e2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4e61 6d69 6e67 n, Next: Naming\n+00000ec0: 2063 6f6e 7665 6e74 696f 6e2c 2020 5072 convention, Pr\n+00000ed0: 6576 3a20 546f 702c 2020 5570 3a20 546f ev: Top, Up: To\n+00000ee0: 700a 0a31 2049 6e74 726f 6475 6374 696f p..1 Introductio\n+00000ef0: 6e20 746f 2047 5255 420a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a n to GRUB.******\n+00000f00: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n+00000f10: 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 204f 7665 ..* Menu:..* Ove\n+00000f20: 7276 6965 773a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 rview:: \n+00000f30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2057 6861 7420 What \n+00000f40: 6578 6163 746c 7920 4752 5542 2069 7320 exactly GRUB is \n+00000f50: 616e 6420 686f 7720 746f 2075 7365 2069 and how to use i\n+00000f60: 740a 2a20 4869 7374 6f72 793a 3a20 2020 t.* History:: \n+00000f70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00000f80: 2020 4672 6f6d 206d 6167 676f 7420 746f From maggot to\n+00000f90: 2068 6f75 7365 2066 6c79 0a2a 2043 6861 house fly.* Cha\n+00000fa0: 6e67 6573 2066 726f 6d20 4752 5542 204c nges from GRUB L\n+00000fb0: 6567 6163 793a 3a20 2020 2044 6966 6665 egacy:: Diffe\n+00000fc0: 7265 6e63 6573 2066 726f 6d20 7072 6576 rences from prev\n+00000fd0: 696f 7573 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 730a 2a20 ious versions.* \n+00000fe0: 4665 6174 7572 6573 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 Features:: \n+00000ff0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4752 GR\n+00001000: 5542 2066 6561 7475 7265 730a 2a20 526f UB features.* Ro\n+00001010: 6c65 206f 6620 6120 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 le of a boot loa\n+00001020: 6465 723a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 der:: The \n+00001030: 726f 6c65 206f 6620 6120 626f 6f74 206c role of a boot l\n+00001040: 6f61 6465 720a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 oader....File: g\n+00001050: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+00001060: 204f 7665 7276 6965 772c 2020 4e65 7874 Overview, Next\n+00001070: 3a20 4869 7374 6f72 792c 2020 5570 3a20 : History, Up: \n+00001080: 496e 7472 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e 0a0a 312e Introduction..1.\n+00001090: 3120 4f76 6572 7669 6577 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 1 Overview.=====\n+000010a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a42 7269 6566 6c79 =======..Briefly\n+000010b0: 2c20 6120 e280 9c62 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 , a ...boot load\n+000010c0: 6572 e280 9d20 6973 2074 6865 2066 6972 er... is the fir\n+000010d0: 7374 2073 6f66 7477 6172 6520 7072 6f67 st software prog\n+000010e0: 7261 6d20 7468 6174 2072 756e 7320 7768 ram that runs wh\n+000010f0: 656e 2061 0a63 6f6d 7075 7465 7220 7374 en a.computer st\n+00001100: 6172 7473 2e20 2049 7420 6973 2072 6573 arts. It is res\n+00001110: 706f 6e73 6962 6c65 2066 6f72 206c 6f61 ponsible for loa\n+00001120: 6469 6e67 2061 6e64 2074 7261 6e73 6665 ding and transfe\n+00001130: 7272 696e 6720 636f 6e74 726f 6c0a 746f rring control.to\n+00001140: 2061 6e20 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 an operating sy\n+00001150: 7374 656d 20e2 809c 6b65 726e 656c e280 stem ...kernel..\n+00001160: 9d20 736f 6674 7761 7265 2028 7375 6368 . software (such\n+00001170: 2061 7320 4c69 6e75 7820 6f72 2047 4e55 as Linux or GNU\n+00001180: 204d 6163 6829 2e0a 5468 6520 6b65 726e Mach)..The kern\n+00001190: 656c 2c20 696e 2074 7572 6e2c 2069 6e69 el, in turn, ini\n+000011a0: 7469 616c 697a 6573 2074 6865 2072 6573 tializes the res\n+000011b0: 7420 6f66 2074 6865 206f 7065 7261 7469 t of the operati\n+000011c0: 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d20 2865 2e67 2e0a ng system (e.g..\n+000011d0: 6120 474e 5520 7379 7374 656d 292e 0a0a a GNU system)...\n+000011e0: 2020 2047 4e55 2047 5255 4220 6973 2061 GNU GRUB is a\n+000011f0: 2076 6572 7920 706f 7765 7266 756c 2062 very powerful b\n+00001200: 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2c20 7768 6963 oot loader, whic\n+00001210: 6820 6361 6e20 6c6f 6164 2061 2077 6964 h can load a wid\n+00001220: 650a 7661 7269 6574 7920 6f66 2066 7265 e.variety of fre\n+00001230: 6520 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 e operating syst\n+00001240: 656d 732c 2061 7320 7765 6c6c 2061 7320 ems, as well as \n+00001250: 7072 6f70 7269 6574 6172 7920 6f70 6572 proprietary oper\n+00001260: 6174 696e 670a 7379 7374 656d 7320 7769 ating.systems wi\n+00001270: 7468 2063 6861 696e 2d6c 6f61 6469 6e67 th chain-loading\n+00001280: 2831 2920 282a 6e6f 7465 204f 7665 7276 (1) (*note Overv\n+00001290: 6965 772d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d31 3a3a iew-Footnote-1::\n+000012a0: 292e 2020 4752 5542 2069 730a 6465 7369 ). GRUB is.desi\n+000012b0: 676e 6564 2074 6f20 6164 6472 6573 7320 gned to address \n+000012c0: 7468 6520 636f 6d70 6c65 7869 7479 206f the complexity o\n+000012d0: 6620 626f 6f74 696e 6720 6120 7065 7273 f booting a pers\n+000012e0: 6f6e 616c 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 723b 2062 onal computer; b\n+000012f0: 6f74 680a 7468 6520 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 oth.the program \n+00001300: 616e 6420 7468 6973 206d 616e 7561 6c20 and this manual \n+00001310: 6172 6520 7469 6768 746c 7920 626f 756e are tightly boun\n+00001320: 6420 746f 2074 6861 7420 636f 6d70 7574 d to that comput\n+00001330: 6572 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2c 0a61 6c74 er platform,.alt\n+00001340: 686f 7567 6820 706f 7274 696e 6720 746f hough porting to\n+00001350: 206f 7468 6572 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 other platforms\n+00001360: 206d 6179 2062 6520 6164 6472 6573 7365 may be addresse\n+00001370: 6420 696e 2074 6865 2066 7574 7572 652e d in the future.\n+00001380: 0a0a 2020 204f 6e65 206f 6620 7468 6520 .. One of the \n+00001390: 696d 706f 7274 616e 7420 6665 6174 7572 important featur\n+000013a0: 6573 2069 6e20 4752 5542 2069 7320 666c es in GRUB is fl\n+000013b0: 6578 6962 696c 6974 793b 2047 5255 420a exibility; GRUB.\n+000013c0: 756e 6465 7273 7461 6e64 7320 6669 6c65 understands file\n+000013d0: 7379 7374 656d 7320 616e 6420 6b65 726e systems and kern\n+000013e0: 656c 2065 7865 6375 7461 626c 6520 666f el executable fo\n+000013f0: 726d 6174 732c 2073 6f20 796f 7520 6361 rmats, so you ca\n+00001400: 6e20 6c6f 6164 0a61 6e20 6172 6269 7472 n load.an arbitr\n+00001410: 6172 7920 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 ary operating sy\n+00001420: 7374 656d 2074 6865 2077 6179 2079 6f75 stem the way you\n+00001430: 206c 696b 652c 2077 6974 686f 7574 2072 like, without r\n+00001440: 6563 6f72 6469 6e67 2074 6865 0a70 6879 ecording the.phy\n+00001450: 7369 6361 6c20 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 206f sical position o\n+00001460: 6620 796f 7572 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6f6e f your kernel on\n+00001470: 2074 6865 2064 6973 6b2e 2020 5468 7573 the disk. Thus\n+00001480: 2079 6f75 2063 616e 206c 6f61 6420 7468 you can load th\n+00001490: 650a 6b65 726e 656c 206a 7573 7420 6279 e.kernel just by\n+000014a0: 2073 7065 6369 6679 696e 6720 6974 7320 specifying its \n+000014b0: 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 616e 6420 7468 file name and th\n+000014c0: 6520 6472 6976 6520 616e 6420 7061 7274 e drive and part\n+000014d0: 6974 696f 6e0a 7768 6572 6520 7468 6520 ition.where the \n+000014e0: 6b65 726e 656c 2072 6573 6964 6573 2e0a kernel resides..\n+000014f0: 0a20 2020 5768 656e 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 . When booting\n+00001500: 2077 6974 6820 4752 5542 2c20 796f 7520 with GRUB, you \n+00001510: 6361 6e20 7573 6520 6569 7468 6572 2061 can use either a\n+00001520: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 696e command-line in\n+00001530: 7465 7266 6163 650a 282a 6e6f 7465 2043 terface.(*note C\n+00001540: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 696e 7465 ommand-line inte\n+00001550: 7266 6163 653a 3a29 2c20 6f72 2061 206d rface::), or a m\n+00001560: 656e 7520 696e 7465 7266 6163 6520 282a enu interface (*\n+00001570: 6e6f 7465 204d 656e 750a 696e 7465 7266 note Menu.interf\n+00001580: 6163 653a 3a29 2e20 2055 7369 6e67 2074 ace::). Using t\n+00001590: 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 he command-line \n+000015a0: 696e 7465 7266 6163 652c 2079 6f75 2074 interface, you t\n+000015b0: 7970 6520 7468 6520 6472 6976 650a 7370 ype the drive.sp\n+000015c0: 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 616e 6420 ecification and \n+000015d0: 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 6f66 2074 6865 file name of the\n+000015e0: 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6d61 6e75 616c 6c79 kernel manually\n+000015f0: 2e20 2049 6e20 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 0a69 . In the menu.i\n+00001600: 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2c20 796f 7520 6a75 nterface, you ju\n+00001610: 7374 2073 656c 6563 7420 616e 204f 5320 st select an OS \n+00001620: 7573 696e 6720 7468 6520 6172 726f 7720 using the arrow \n+00001630: 6b65 7973 2e20 2054 6865 206d 656e 7520 keys. The menu \n+00001640: 6973 0a62 6173 6564 206f 6e20 6120 636f is.based on a co\n+00001650: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 nfiguration file\n+00001660: 2077 6869 6368 2079 6f75 2070 7265 7061 which you prepa\n+00001670: 7265 2062 6566 6f72 6568 616e 6420 282a re beforehand (*\n+00001680: 6e6f 7465 0a43 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 note.Configurati\n+00001690: 6f6e 3a3a 292e 2020 5768 696c 6520 696e on::). While in\n+000016a0: 2074 6865 206d 656e 752c 2079 6f75 2063 the menu, you c\n+000016b0: 616e 2073 7769 7463 6820 746f 2074 6865 an switch to the\n+000016c0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 650a 6d6f command-line.mo\n+000016d0: 6465 2c20 616e 6420 7669 6365 2d76 6572 de, and vice-ver\n+000016e0: 7361 2e20 2059 6f75 2063 616e 2065 7665 sa. You can eve\n+000016f0: 6e20 6564 6974 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 n edit menu entr\n+00001700: 6965 7320 6265 666f 7265 2075 7369 6e67 ies before using\n+00001710: 2074 6865 6d2e 0a0a 2020 2049 6e20 7468 them... In th\n+00001720: 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6368 6170 e following chap\n+00001730: 7465 7273 2c20 796f 7520 7769 6c6c 206c ters, you will l\n+00001740: 6561 726e 2068 6f77 2074 6f20 7370 6563 earn how to spec\n+00001750: 6966 7920 6120 6472 6976 652c 2061 0a70 ify a drive, a.p\n+00001760: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2c20 616e 6420 6120 artition, and a \n+00001770: 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 282a 6e6f 7465 file name (*note\n+00001780: 204e 616d 696e 6720 636f 6e76 656e 7469 Naming conventi\n+00001790: 6f6e 3a3a 2920 746f 2047 5255 422c 2068 on::) to GRUB, h\n+000017a0: 6f77 2074 6f0a 696e 7374 616c 6c20 4752 ow to.install GR\n+000017b0: 5542 206f 6e20 796f 7572 2064 7269 7665 UB on your drive\n+000017c0: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 496e 7374 616c 6c61 (*note Installa\n+000017d0: 7469 6f6e 3a3a 292c 2061 6e64 2068 6f77 tion::), and how\n+000017e0: 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 2079 6f75 720a 4f53 to boot your.OS\n+000017f0: 6573 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 426f 6f74 696e es (*note Bootin\n+00001800: 673a 3a29 2c20 7374 6570 2062 7920 7374 g::), step by st\n+00001810: 6570 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ep.....File: gru\n+00001820: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204f b.info, Node: O\n+00001830: 7665 7276 6965 772d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 verview-Footnote\n+00001840: 732c 2020 5570 3a20 4f76 6572 7669 6577 s, Up: Overview\n+00001850: 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 20e2 809c 6368 6169 .. (1) ...chai\n+00001860: 6e2d 6c6f 6164 e280 9d20 6973 2074 6865 n-load... is the\n+00001870: 206d 6563 6861 6e69 736d 2066 6f72 206c mechanism for l\n+00001880: 6f61 6469 6e67 2075 6e73 7570 706f 7274 oading unsupport\n+00001890: 6564 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 0a73 7973 ed operating.sys\n+000018a0: 7465 6d73 2062 7920 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 tems by loading \n+000018b0: 616e 6f74 6865 7220 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 another boot loa\n+000018c0: 6465 722e 2020 4974 2069 7320 7479 7069 der. It is typi\n+000018d0: 6361 6c6c 7920 7573 6564 2066 6f72 0a6c cally used for.l\n+000018e0: 6f61 6469 6e67 2044 4f53 206f 7220 5769 oading DOS or Wi\n+000018f0: 6e64 6f77 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ndows.....File: \n+00001900: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+00001910: 3a20 4869 7374 6f72 792c 2020 4e65 7874 : History, Next\n+00001920: 3a20 4368 616e 6765 7320 6672 6f6d 2047 : Changes from G\n+00001930: 5255 4220 4c65 6761 6379 2c20 2050 7265 RUB Legacy, Pre\n+00001940: 763a 204f 7665 7276 6965 772c 2020 5570 v: Overview, Up\n+00001950: 3a20 496e 7472 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e 0a0a : Introduction..\n+00001960: 312e 3220 4869 7374 6f72 7920 6f66 2047 1.2 History of G\n+00001970: 5255 420a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d RUB.============\n+00001980: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a47 5255 4220 6f72 =======..GRUB or\n+00001990: 6967 696e 6174 6564 2069 6e20 3139 3935 iginated in 1995\n+000019a0: 2077 6865 6e20 4572 6963 6820 426f 6c65 when Erich Bole\n+000019b0: 796e 2077 6173 2074 7279 696e 6720 746f yn was trying to\n+000019c0: 2062 6f6f 7420 7468 6520 474e 550a 4875 boot the GNU.Hu\n+000019d0: 7264 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 556e 6976 rd with the Univ\n+000019e0: 6572 7369 7479 206f 6620 5574 6168 2773 ersity of Utah's\n+000019f0: 204d 6163 6820 3420 6d69 6372 6f6b 6572 Mach 4 microker\n+00001a00: 6e65 6c20 286e 6f77 206b 6e6f 776e 2061 nel (now known a\n+00001a10: 7320 474e 550a 4d61 6368 292e 2020 4572 s GNU.Mach). Er\n+00001a20: 6963 6820 616e 6420 4272 6961 6e20 466f ich and Brian Fo\n+00001a30: 7264 2064 6573 6967 6e65 6420 7468 6520 rd designed the \n+00001a40: 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 5370 6563 6966 Multiboot Specif\n+00001a50: 6963 6174 696f 6e20 282a 6e6f 7465 0a4d ication (*note.M\n+00001a60: 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2053 7065 6369 6669 ultiboot Specifi\n+00001a70: 6361 7469 6f6e 3a20 286d 756c 7469 626f cation: (multibo\n+00001a80: 6f74 2954 6f70 2e29 2c20 6265 6361 7573 ot)Top.), becaus\n+00001a90: 6520 7468 6579 2077 6572 6520 6465 7465 e they were dete\n+00001aa0: 726d 696e 6564 0a6e 6f74 2074 6f20 6164 rmined.not to ad\n+00001ab0: 6420 746f 2074 6865 206c 6172 6765 206e d to the large n\n+00001ac0: 756d 6265 7220 6f66 206d 7574 7561 6c6c umber of mutuall\n+00001ad0: 792d 696e 636f 6d70 6174 6962 6c65 2050 y-incompatible P\n+00001ae0: 4320 626f 6f74 206d 6574 686f 6473 2e0a C boot methods..\n+00001af0: 0a20 2020 4572 6963 6820 7468 656e 2062 . Erich then b\n+00001b00: 6567 616e 206d 6f64 6966 7969 6e67 2074 egan modifying t\n+00001b10: 6865 2046 7265 6542 5344 2062 6f6f 7420 he FreeBSD boot \n+00001b20: 6c6f 6164 6572 2073 6f20 7468 6174 2069 loader so that i\n+00001b30: 7420 776f 756c 640a 756e 6465 7273 7461 t would.understa\n+00001b40: 6e64 204d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2e20 2048 nd Multiboot. H\n+00001b50: 6520 736f 6f6e 2072 6561 6c69 7a65 6420 e soon realized \n+00001b60: 7468 6174 2069 7420 776f 756c 6420 6265 that it would be\n+00001b70: 2061 206c 6f74 2065 6173 6965 7220 746f a lot easier to\n+00001b80: 0a77 7269 7465 2068 6973 206f 776e 2062 .write his own b\n+00001b90: 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2066 726f 6d20 oot loader from \n+00001ba0: 7363 7261 7463 6820 7468 616e 2074 6f20 scratch than to \n+00001bb0: 6b65 6570 2077 6f72 6b69 6e67 206f 6e20 keep working on \n+00001bc0: 7468 650a 4672 6565 4253 4420 626f 6f74 the.FreeBSD boot\n+00001bd0: 206c 6f61 6465 722c 2061 6e64 2073 6f20 loader, and so \n+00001be0: 4752 5542 2077 6173 2062 6f72 6e2e 0a0a GRUB was born...\n+00001bf0: 2020 2045 7269 6368 2061 6464 6564 206d Erich added m\n+00001c00: 616e 7920 6665 6174 7572 6573 2074 6f20 any features to \n+00001c10: 4752 5542 2c20 6275 7420 6f74 6865 7220 GRUB, but other \n+00001c20: 7072 696f 7269 7469 6573 2070 7265 7665 priorities preve\n+00001c30: 6e74 6564 2068 696d 0a66 726f 6d20 6b65 nted him.from ke\n+00001c40: 6570 696e 6720 7570 2077 6974 6820 7468 eping up with th\n+00001c50: 6520 6465 6d61 6e64 7320 6f66 2069 7473 e demands of its\n+00001c60: 2071 7569 636b 6c79 2d65 7870 616e 6469 quickly-expandi\n+00001c70: 6e67 2075 7365 7220 6261 7365 2e20 2049 ng user base. 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Ric\n-00002ce0: 6820 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 616c 6974 7920 h functionality \n-00002cf0: 746f 2073 7570 706f 7274 206b 6572 6e65 to support kerne\n-00002d00: 6c20 6578 7065 7274 7320 616e 6420 6465 l experts and de\n-00002d10: 7369 676e 6572 732e 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 signers... ...\n-00002d20: 2042 6163 6b77 6172 6420 636f 6d70 6174 Backward compat\n-00002d30: 6962 696c 6974 7920 666f 7220 626f 6f74 ibility for boot\n-00002d40: 696e 6720 4672 6565 4253 442c 204e 6574 ing FreeBSD, Net\n-00002d50: 4253 442c 204f 7065 6e42 5344 2c20 616e BSD, OpenBSD, an\n-00002d60: 640a 2020 2020 204c 696e 7578 2e20 2050 d. Linux. P\n-00002d70: 726f 7072 6965 7461 7279 206b 6572 6e65 roprietary kerne\n-00002d80: 6c73 2028 7375 6368 2061 7320 444f 532c ls (such as DOS,\n-00002d90: 2057 696e 646f 7773 204e 542c 2061 6e64 Windows NT, and\n-00002da0: 204f 532f 3229 2061 7265 0a20 2020 2020 OS/2) are. \n-00002db0: 7375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 7669 6120 6120 supported via a \n-00002dc0: 6368 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 6675 chain-loading fu\n-00002dd0: 6e63 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 4578 6365 nction... 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Any attemp\n-00002ee0: 7420 746f 206c 6f61 6420 6265 6c6f 7720 t to load below \n-00002ef0: 7468 6174 2062 6f75 6e64 6172 790a 7769 that boundary.wi\n-00002f00: 6c6c 2073 696d 706c 7920 7265 7375 6c74 ll simply result\n-00002f10: 2069 6e20 696d 6d65 6469 6174 6520 6661 in immediate fa\n-00002f20: 696c 7572 6520 616e 6420 616e 2065 7272 ilure and an err\n-00002f30: 6f72 206d 6573 7361 6765 2072 6570 6f72 or message repor\n-00002f40: 7469 6e67 0a74 6865 2070 726f 626c 656d ting.the problem\n-00002f50: 2e0a 0a20 2020 496e 2061 6464 6974 696f ... 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A me\n-000033b0: 6e75 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 206c 6973 nu interface lis\n-000033c0: 7469 6e67 2070 7265 7365 7420 626f 6f74 ting preset boot\n-000033d0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c 2077 6974 6820 commands, with \n-000033e0: 6120 7072 6f67 7261 6d6d 6162 6c65 0a20 a programmable. \n-000033f0: 2020 2020 7469 6d65 6f75 742c 2069 7320 timeout, is \n-00003400: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 652e 2020 5468 6572 available. 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A fairly\n-000034c0: 2066 6c65 7869 626c 6520 636f 6d6d 616e flexible comman\n-000034d0: 642d 6c69 6e65 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 d-line interface\n-000034e0: 2c20 6163 6365 7373 6962 6c65 2066 726f , accessible fro\n-000034f0: 6d20 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2c0a 2020 2020 m the menu,. \n-00003500: 2069 7320 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 746f is available to\n-00003510: 2065 6469 7420 616e 7920 7072 6573 6574 edit any preset\n-00003520: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c 206f 7220 7772 commands, or wr\n-00003530: 6974 6520 6120 6e65 7720 626f 6f74 0a20 ite a new boot. \n-00003540: 2020 2020 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 7365 7420 command set \n-00003550: 6672 6f6d 2073 6372 6174 6368 2e20 2049 from scratch. I\n-00003560: 6620 6e6f 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 f no configurati\n-00003570: 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 6973 2070 7265 7365 on file is prese\n-00003580: 6e74 2c0a 2020 2020 2047 5255 4220 6472 nt,. 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Editing co\n-00003620: 6d6d 616e 6473 2063 6c6f 7365 6c79 0a20 mmands closely. \n-00003630: 2020 2020 7265 7365 6d62 6c65 7320 7468 resembles th\n-00003640: 6520 4261 7368 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c e Bash command-l\n-00003650: 696e 6520 282a 6e6f 7465 2042 6173 683a ine (*note Bash:\n-00003660: 2028 6665 6174 7572 6573 2943 6f6d 6d61 (features)Comma\n-00003670: 6e64 204c 696e 650a 2020 2020 2045 6469 nd Line. 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Supp\n-00003720: 6f72 7420 6d75 6c74 6970 6c65 2066 696c ort multiple fil\n-00003730: 6573 7973 7465 6d20 7479 7065 7320 7472 esystem types tr\n-00003740: 616e 7370 6172 656e 746c 792c 2070 6c75 ansparently, plu\n-00003750: 7320 6120 7573 6566 756c 0a20 2020 2020 s a useful. \n-00003760: 6578 706c 6963 6974 2062 6c6f 636b 6c69 explicit blockli\n-00003770: 7374 206e 6f74 6174 696f 6e2e 2020 5468 st notation. 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(includi\n-00003a40: 6e67 206c 7a6a 622c 2067 7a69 702c 207a ng lzjb, gzip, z\n-00003a50: 6c65 2c20 6d69 7272 6f72 2c20 7374 7269 le, mirror, stri\n-00003a60: 7065 2c20 7261 6964 7a31 2f32 2f33 0a20 pe, raidz1/2/3. \n-00003a70: 2020 2020 616e 6420 656e 6372 7970 7469 and encrypti\n-00003a80: 6f6e 2069 6e20 4145 532d 4343 4d20 616e on in AES-CCM an\n-00003a90: 6420 4145 532d 4743 4d29 2e20 2a4e 6f74 d AES-GCM). *Not\n-00003aa0: 6520 4669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 3a3a 2c20 e Filesystem::, \n-00003ab0: 666f 720a 2020 2020 206d 6f72 6520 696e for. more in\n-00003ac0: 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 5375 7070 formation...Supp\n-00003ad0: 6f72 7420 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6320 6465 ort automatic de\n-00003ae0: 636f 6d70 7265 7373 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 compression. \n-00003af0: 2043 616e 2064 6563 6f6d 7072 6573 7320 Can decompress \n-00003b00: 6669 6c65 7320 7768 6963 6820 7765 7265 files which were\n-00003b10: 2063 6f6d 7072 6573 7365 6420 6279 20e2 compressed by .\n-00003b20: 8098 677a 6970 e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 ..gzip... or ...\n-00003b30: 787a e280 9928 3229 0a20 2020 2020 282a xz...(2). (*\n-00003b40: 6e6f 7465 2046 6561 7475 7265 732d 466f note Features-Fo\n-00003b50: 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d32 3a3a 292e 2020 5468 otnote-2::). Th\n-00003b60: 6973 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e20 6973 2062 is function is b\n-00003b70: 6f74 6820 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6320 616e oth automatic an\n-00003b80: 640a 2020 2020 2074 7261 6e73 7061 7265 d. transpare\n-00003b90: 6e74 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7573 6572 2028 nt to the user (\n-00003ba0: 692e 652e 2020 616c 6c20 6675 6e63 7469 i.e. all functi\n-00003bb0: 6f6e 7320 6f70 6572 6174 6520 7570 6f6e ons operate upon\n-00003bc0: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 756e 636f 6d70 the. uncomp\n-00003bd0: 7265 7373 6564 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 ressed contents \n-00003be0: 6f66 2074 6865 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 of the specified\n-00003bf0: 2066 696c 6573 292e 2020 5468 6973 2067 files). This g\n-00003c00: 7265 6174 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 7265 6475 reatly. redu\n-00003c10: 6365 7320 6120 6669 6c65 2073 697a 6520 ces a file size \n-00003c20: 616e 6420 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 7469 6d65 and loading time\n-00003c30: 2c20 6120 7061 7274 6963 756c 6172 6c79 , a particularly\n-00003c40: 2067 7265 6174 2062 656e 6566 6974 0a20 great benefit. \n-00003c50: 2020 2020 666f 7220 666c 6f70 7069 6573 for floppies\n-00003c60: 2e28 3329 2020 282a 6e6f 7465 2046 6561 .(3) (*note Fea\n-00003c70: 7475 7265 732d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d33 tures-Footnote-3\n-00003c80: 3a3a 290a 0a20 2020 2020 4974 2069 7320 ::).. It is \n-00003c90: 636f 6e63 6569 7661 626c 6520 7468 6174 conceivable that\n-00003ca0: 2073 6f6d 6520 6b65 726e 656c 206d 6f64 some kernel mod\n-00003cb0: 756c 6573 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 206c ules should be l\n-00003cc0: 6f61 6465 6420 696e 2061 0a20 2020 2020 oaded in a. \n-00003cd0: 636f 6d70 7265 7373 6564 2073 7461 7465 compressed state\n-00003ce0: 2c20 736f 2061 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 , so a different\n-00003cf0: 206d 6f64 756c 652d 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 module-loading \n-00003d00: 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6361 6e20 6265 0a20 command can be. \n-00003d10: 2020 2020 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 746f specified to\n-00003d20: 2061 766f 6964 2075 6e63 6f6d 7072 6573 avoid uncompres\n-00003d30: 7369 6e67 2074 6865 206d 6f64 756c 6573 sing the modules\n-00003d40: 2e0a 0a41 6363 6573 7320 6461 7461 206f ...Access data o\n-00003d50: 6e20 616e 7920 696e 7374 616c 6c65 6420 n any installed \n-00003d60: 6465 7669 6365 0a20 2020 2020 5375 7070 device. Supp\n-00003d70: 6f72 7420 7265 6164 696e 6720 6461 7461 ort reading data\n-00003d80: 2066 726f 6d20 616e 7920 6f72 2061 6c6c from any or all\n-00003d90: 2066 6c6f 7070 6965 7320 6f72 2068 6172 floppies or har\n-00003da0: 6420 6469 736b 2873 290a 2020 2020 2072 d disk(s). r\n-00003db0: 6563 6f67 6e69 7a65 6420 6279 2074 6865 ecognized by the\n-00003dc0: 2042 494f 532c 2069 6e64 6570 656e 6465 BIOS, independe\n-00003dd0: 6e74 206f 6620 7468 6520 7365 7474 696e nt of the settin\n-00003de0: 6720 6f66 2074 6865 2072 6f6f 740a 2020 g of the root. \n-00003df0: 2020 2064 6576 6963 652e 0a0a 4265 2069 device...Be i\n-00003e00: 6e64 6570 656e 6465 6e74 206f 6620 6472 ndependent of dr\n-00003e10: 6976 6520 6765 6f6d 6574 7279 2074 7261 ive geometry tra\n-00003e20: 6e73 6c61 7469 6f6e 730a 2020 2020 2055 nslations. U\n-00003e30: 6e6c 696b 6520 6d61 6e79 206f 7468 6572 nlike many other\n-00003e40: 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 732c 2047 boot loaders, G\n-00003e50: 5255 4220 6d61 6b65 7320 7468 6520 7061 RUB makes the pa\n-00003e60: 7274 6963 756c 6172 2064 7269 7665 0a20 rticular drive. \n-00003e70: 2020 2020 7472 616e 736c 6174 696f 6e20 translation \n-00003e80: 6972 7265 6c65 7661 6e74 2e20 2041 2064 irrelevant. A d\n-00003e90: 7269 7665 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2061 rive installed a\n-00003ea0: 6e64 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 2077 6974 6820 nd running with \n-00003eb0: 6f6e 650a 2020 2020 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 one. transla\n-00003ec0: 7469 6f6e 206d 6179 2062 6520 636f 6e76 tion may be conv\n-00003ed0: 6572 7465 6420 746f 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 erted to another\n-00003ee0: 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 7469 6f6e 2077 6974 translation wit\n-00003ef0: 686f 7574 2061 6e79 0a20 2020 2020 6164 hout any. ad\n-00003f00: 7665 7273 6520 6566 6665 6374 7320 6f72 verse effects or\n-00003f10: 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2069 6e20 4752 5542 changes in GRUB\n-00003f20: 2773 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 's configuration\n-00003f30: 2e0a 0a44 6574 6563 7420 616c 6c20 696e ...Detect all in\n-00003f40: 7374 616c 6c65 6420 5241 4d0a 2020 2020 stalled RAM. \n-00003f50: 2047 5255 4220 6361 6e20 6765 6e65 7261 GRUB can genera\n-00003f60: 6c6c 7920 6669 6e64 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 lly find all the\n-00003f70: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2052 414d 206f installed RAM o\n-00003f80: 6e20 6120 5043 2d63 6f6d 7061 7469 626c n a PC-compatibl\n-00003f90: 650a 2020 2020 206d 6163 6869 6e65 2e20 e. machine. \n-00003fa0: 2049 7420 7573 6573 2061 6e20 6164 7661 It uses an adva\n-00003fb0: 6e63 6564 2042 494f 5320 7175 6572 7920 nced BIOS query \n-00003fc0: 7465 6368 6e69 7175 6520 666f 7220 6669 technique for fi\n-00003fd0: 6e64 696e 6720 616c 6c0a 2020 2020 206d nding all. m\n-00003fe0: 656d 6f72 7920 7265 6769 6f6e 732e 2020 emory regions. \n-00003ff0: 4173 2064 6573 6372 6962 6564 206f 6e20 As described on \n-00004000: 7468 6520 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 5370 the Multiboot Sp\n-00004010: 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 282a 6e6f ecification (*no\n-00004020: 7465 0a20 2020 2020 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f te. Multiboo\n-00004030: 7420 5370 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e3a t Specification:\n-00004040: 2028 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7429 546f 702e (multiboot)Top.\n-00004050: 292c 206e 6f74 2061 6c6c 206b 6572 6e65 ), not all kerne\n-00004060: 6c73 206d 616b 6520 7573 650a 2020 2020 ls make use. \n-00004070: 206f 6620 7468 6973 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 of this informa\n-00004080: 7469 6f6e 2c20 6275 7420 4752 5542 2070 tion, but GRUB p\n-00004090: 726f 7669 6465 7320 6974 2066 6f72 2074 rovides it for t\n-000040a0: 686f 7365 2077 686f 2064 6f2e 0a0a 5375 hose who do...Su\n-000040b0: 7070 6f72 7420 4c6f 6769 6361 6c20 426c pport Logical Bl\n-000040c0: 6f63 6b20 4164 6472 6573 7320 6d6f 6465 ock Address mode\n-000040d0: 0a20 2020 2020 496e 2074 7261 6469 7469 . 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However\n-00004230: 2c0a 2020 2020 2073 6576 6572 616c 206e ,. several n\n-00004240: 6577 6572 206d 6163 6869 6e65 7320 6861 ewer machines ha\n-00004250: 7665 2074 6865 206e 6577 2069 6e74 6572 ve the new inter\n-00004260: 6661 6365 2c20 4c6f 6769 6361 6c20 426c face, Logical Bl\n-00004270: 6f63 6b0a 2020 2020 2041 6464 7265 7373 ock. Address\n-00004280: 2028 e280 9c4c 4241 e280 9d29 206d 6f64 (...LBA...) mod\n-00004290: 652e 2020 4752 5542 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 e. GRUB automat\n-000042a0: 6963 616c 6c79 2064 6574 6563 7473 2069 ically detects i\n-000042b0: 6620 4c42 4120 6d6f 6465 2069 730a 2020 f LBA mode is. \n-000042c0: 2020 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2061 6e64 available and\n-000042d0: 2075 7365 7320 6974 2069 6620 6176 6169 uses it if avai\n-000042e0: 6c61 626c 652e 2020 496e 204c 4241 206d lable. In LBA m\n-000042f0: 6f64 652c 2047 5255 4220 6361 6e20 6163 ode, GRUB can ac\n-00004300: 6365 7373 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 656e cess. the en\n-00004310: 7469 7265 2064 6973 6b2e 0a0a 5375 7070 tire disk...Supp\n-00004320: 6f72 7420 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 626f 6f74 ort network boot\n-00004330: 696e 670a 2020 2020 2047 5255 4220 6973 ing. GRUB is\n-00004340: 2062 6173 6963 616c 6c79 2061 2064 6973 basically a dis\n-00004350: 6b2d 6261 7365 6420 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 k-based boot loa\n-00004360: 6465 7220 6275 7420 616c 736f 2068 6173 der but also has\n-00004370: 206e 6574 776f 726b 0a20 2020 2020 7375 network. su\n-00004380: 7070 6f72 742e 2020 596f 7520 6361 6e20 pport. You can \n-00004390: 6c6f 6164 204f 5320 696d 6167 6573 2066 load OS images f\n-000043a0: 726f 6d20 6120 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 6279 rom a network by\n-000043b0: 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 20e2 809c 5446 using the ...TF\n-000043c0: 5450 e280 9d0a 2020 2020 2070 726f 746f TP.... proto\n-000043d0: 636f 6c2e 0a0a 5375 7070 6f72 7420 7265 col...Support re\n-000043e0: 6d6f 7465 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c73 0a20 mote terminals. \n-000043f0: 2020 2020 546f 2073 7570 706f 7274 2063 To support c\n-00004400: 6f6d 7075 7465 7273 2077 6974 6820 6e6f omputers with no\n-00004410: 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 2c20 4752 5542 2070 console, GRUB p\n-00004420: 726f 7669 6465 7320 7265 6d6f 7465 2074 rovides remote t\n-00004430: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c0a 2020 2020 2073 7570 erminal. sup\n-00004440: 706f 7274 2c20 736f 2074 6861 7420 796f port, so that yo\n-00004450: 7520 6361 6e20 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 4752 u can control GR\n-00004460: 5542 2066 726f 6d20 6120 7265 6d6f 7465 UB from a remote\n-00004470: 2068 6f73 742e 2020 4f6e 6c79 0a20 2020 host. Only. \n-00004480: 2020 7365 7269 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 serial termina\n-00004490: 6c20 7375 7070 6f72 7420 6973 2069 6d70 l support is imp\n-000044a0: 6c65 6d65 6e74 6564 2061 7420 7468 6520 lemented at the \n-000044b0: 6d6f 6d65 6e74 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a moment.....File:\n-000044c0: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-000044d0: 653a 2046 6561 7475 7265 732d 466f 6f74 e: Features-Foot\n-000044e0: 6e6f 7465 732c 2020 5570 3a20 4665 6174 notes, Up: Feat\n-000044f0: 7572 6573 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2054 6865 ures.. (1) The\n-00004500: 204e 6574 4253 442f 6933 3836 206b 6572 NetBSD/i386 ker\n-00004510: 6e65 6c20 6973 204d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 nel is Multiboot\n-00004520: 2d63 6f6d 706c 6961 6e74 2c20 6275 7420 -compliant, but \n-00004530: 6c61 636b 7320 7375 7070 6f72 740a 666f lacks support.fo\n-00004540: 7220 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 6d6f 6475 r Multiboot modu\n-00004550: 6c65 732e 0a0a 2020 2028 3229 204f 6e6c les... 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(3) \n-000045f0: 5468 6572 6520 6172 6520 6120 6665 7720 There are a few \n-00004600: 7061 7468 6f6c 6f67 6963 616c 2063 6173 pathological cas\n-00004610: 6573 2077 6865 7265 206c 6f61 6469 6e67 es where loading\n-00004620: 2061 2076 6572 7920 6261 646c 790a 6f72 a very badly.or\n-00004630: 6761 6e69 7a65 6420 454c 4620 6b65 726e ganized ELF kern\n-00004640: 656c 206d 6967 6874 2074 616b 6520 6c6f el might take lo\n-00004650: 6e67 6572 2c20 6275 7420 696e 2070 7261 nger, but in pra\n-00004660: 6374 6963 6520 7468 6973 206e 6576 6572 ctice this never\n-00004670: 0a68 6170 7065 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 .happen.....File\n-00004680: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-00004690: 6465 3a20 526f 6c65 206f 6620 6120 626f de: Role of a bo\n-000046a0: 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 722c 2020 5072 6576 ot loader, Prev\n-000046b0: 3a20 4665 6174 7572 6573 2c20 2055 703a : Features, Up:\n-000046c0: 2049 6e74 726f 6475 6374 696f 6e0a 0a31 Introduction..1\n-000046d0: 2e35 2054 6865 2072 6f6c 6520 6f66 2061 .5 The role of a\n-000046e0: 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 0a3d 3d3d boot loader.===\n+000021d0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a47 5255 4220 3220 =======..GRUB 2 \n+000021e0: 6973 2061 2072 6577 7269 7465 206f 6620 is a rewrite of \n+000021f0: 4752 5542 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 4869 7374 GRUB (*note Hist\n+00002200: 6f72 793a 3a29 2c20 616c 7468 6f75 6768 ory::), although\n+00002210: 2069 7420 7368 6172 6573 206d 616e 790a it shares many.\n+00002220: 6368 6172 6163 7465 7269 7374 6963 7320 characteristics \n+00002230: 7769 7468 2074 6865 2070 7265 7669 6f75 with the previou\n+00002240: 7320 7665 7273 696f 6e2c 206e 6f77 206b s version, now k\n+00002250: 6e6f 776e 2061 7320 4752 5542 204c 6567 nown as GRUB Leg\n+00002260: 6163 792e 0a55 7365 7273 206f 6620 4752 acy..Users of GR\n+00002270: 5542 204c 6567 6163 7920 6d61 7920 6e65 UB Legacy may ne\n+00002280: 6564 2073 6f6d 6520 6775 6964 616e 6365 ed some guidance\n+00002290: 2074 6f20 6669 6e64 2074 6865 6972 2077 to find their w\n+000022a0: 6179 2061 726f 756e 640a 7468 6973 206e ay around.this n\n+000022b0: 6577 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 ew version... \n+000022c0: e280 a220 5468 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 ... 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(*n\n+00002460: 6f74 6520 5369 6d70 6c65 2063 6f6e 6669 ote Simple confi\n+00002470: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a 292e 2020 5468 guration::). Th\n+00002480: 6973 206d 616b 6573 2069 7420 6561 7369 is makes it easi\n+00002490: 6572 2074 6f20 6861 6e64 6c65 0a20 2020 er to handle. \n+000024a0: 2020 7665 7273 696f 6e65 6420 6b65 726e versioned kern\n+000024b0: 656c 2075 7067 7261 6465 732e 0a0a 2020 el upgrades... \n+000024c0: 20e2 80a2 2050 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 206e ... Partition n\n+000024d0: 756d 6265 7273 2069 6e20 4752 5542 2064 umbers in GRUB d\n+000024e0: 6576 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 6e6f 7720 evice names now \n+000024f0: 7374 6172 7420 6174 2031 2c20 6e6f 7420 start at 1, not \n+00002500: 3020 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 4e61 0 (*note. Na\n+00002510: 6d69 6e67 2063 6f6e 7665 6e74 696f 6e3a ming convention:\n+00002520: 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 5468 6520 :)... ... 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A small \n+000025d0: 616d 6f75 6e74 206f 6620 7065 7273 6973 amount of persis\n+000025e0: 7465 6e74 2073 746f 7261 6765 2069 7320 tent storage is \n+000025f0: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6163 726f 7373 available across\n+00002600: 2072 6562 6f6f 7473 2c0a 2020 2020 2075 reboots,. u\n+00002610: 7369 6e67 2074 6865 20e2 8098 7361 7665 sing the ...save\n+00002620: 5f65 6e76 e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 986c _env... and ...l\n+00002630: 6f61 645f 656e 76e2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 oad_env... comma\n+00002640: 6e64 7320 696e 2047 5255 4220 616e 6420 nds in GRUB and \n+00002650: 7468 650a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6772 7562 the. ...grub\n+00002660: 2d65 6469 7465 6e76 e280 9920 7574 696c -editenv... util\n+00002670: 6974 792e 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 6e6f ity. 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A graphica\n+00002950: 6c20 7465 726d 696e 616c 2061 6e64 2061 l terminal and a\n+00002960: 2067 7261 7068 6963 616c 206d 656e 7520 graphical menu \n+00002970: 7379 7374 656d 2061 7265 2061 7661 696c system are avail\n+00002980: 6162 6c65 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 4752 able... ... GR\n+00002990: 5542 2032 2773 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 UB 2's interface\n+000029a0: 2063 616e 2062 6520 7472 616e 736c 6174 can be translat\n+000029b0: 6564 2c20 696e 636c 7564 696e 6720 6d65 ed, including me\n+000029c0: 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 206e 616d 6573 2e0a nu entry names..\n+000029d0: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 5468 6520 696d 6167 . ... The imag\n+000029e0: 6520 6669 6c65 7320 282a 6e6f 7465 2049 e files (*note I\n+000029f0: 6d61 6765 733a 3a29 2074 6861 7420 6d61 mages::) that ma\n+00002a00: 6b65 2075 7020 4752 5542 2068 6176 6520 ke up GRUB have \n+00002a10: 6265 656e 0a20 2020 2020 7265 6f72 6761 been. reorga\n+00002a20: 6e69 7365 643b 2053 7461 6765 2031 2c20 nised; Stage 1, \n+00002a30: 5374 6167 6520 312e 352c 2061 6e64 2053 Stage 1.5, and S\n+00002a40: 7461 6765 2032 2061 7265 206e 6f20 6d6f tage 2 are no mo\n+00002a50: 7265 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 4752 5542 re... ... GRUB\n+00002a60: 2032 2070 7574 7320 6d61 6e79 2066 6163 2 puts many fac\n+00002a70: 696c 6974 6965 7320 696e 2064 796e 616d ilities in dynam\n+00002a80: 6963 616c 6c79 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6d6f ically loaded mo\n+00002a90: 6475 6c65 732c 2061 6c6c 6f77 696e 670a dules, allowing.\n+00002aa0: 2020 2020 2074 6865 2063 6f72 6520 696d the core im\n+00002ab0: 6167 6520 746f 2062 6520 736d 616c 6c65 age to be smalle\n+00002ac0: 722c 2061 6e64 2061 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 r, and allowing \n+00002ad0: 7468 6520 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 2074 the core image t\n+00002ae0: 6f20 6265 0a20 2020 2020 6275 696c 7420 o be. built \n+00002af0: 696e 206d 6f72 6520 666c 6578 6962 6c65 in more flexible\n+00002b00: 2077 6179 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ways.....File: \n+00002b10: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+00002b20: 3a20 4665 6174 7572 6573 2c20 204e 6578 : Features, Nex\n+00002b30: 743a 2052 6f6c 6520 6f66 2061 2062 6f6f t: Role of a boo\n+00002b40: 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2c20 2050 7265 763a t loader, Prev:\n+00002b50: 2043 6861 6e67 6573 2066 726f 6d20 4752 Changes from GR\n+00002b60: 5542 204c 6567 6163 792c 2020 5570 3a20 UB Legacy, Up: \n+00002b70: 496e 7472 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e 0a0a 312e Introduction..1.\n+00002b80: 3420 4752 5542 2066 6561 7475 7265 730a 4 GRUB features.\n+00002b90: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00002ba0: 3d0a 0a54 6865 2070 7269 6d61 7279 2072 =..The primary r\n+00002bb0: 6571 7569 7265 6d65 6e74 2066 6f72 2047 equirement for G\n+00002bc0: 5255 4220 6973 2074 6861 7420 6974 2062 RUB is that it b\n+00002bd0: 6520 636f 6d70 6c69 616e 7420 7769 7468 e compliant with\n+00002be0: 2074 6865 0ae2 809c 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f the....Multiboo\n+00002bf0: 7420 5370 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f 6ee2 t Specification.\n+00002c00: 809d 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6973 2064 6573 .., which is des\n+00002c10: 6372 6962 6564 2069 6e20 2a6e 6f74 6520 cribed in *note \n+00002c20: 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 740a 5370 6563 6966 Multiboot.Specif\n+00002c30: 6963 6174 696f 6e3a 2028 6d75 6c74 6962 ication: (multib\n+00002c40: 6f6f 7429 546f 702e 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 oot)Top... The\n+00002c50: 206f 7468 6572 2067 6f61 6c73 2c20 6c69 other goals, li\n+00002c60: 7374 6564 2069 6e20 6170 7072 6f78 696d sted in approxim\n+00002c70: 6174 6520 6f72 6465 7220 6f66 2069 6d70 ate order of imp\n+00002c80: 6f72 7461 6e63 652c 2061 7265 3a0a 0a20 ortance, are:.. \n+00002c90: 2020 e280 a220 4261 7369 6320 6675 6e63 ... Basic func\n+00002ca0: 7469 6f6e 7320 6d75 7374 2062 6520 7374 tions must be st\n+00002cb0: 7261 6967 6874 666f 7277 6172 6420 666f raightforward fo\n+00002cc0: 7220 656e 642d 7573 6572 732e 0a0a 2020 r end-users... \n+00002cd0: 20e2 80a2 2052 6963 6820 6675 6e63 7469 ... Rich functi\n+00002ce0: 6f6e 616c 6974 7920 746f 2073 7570 706f onality to suppo\n+00002cf0: 7274 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6578 7065 7274 rt kernel expert\n+00002d00: 7320 616e 6420 6465 7369 676e 6572 732e s and designers.\n+00002d10: 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2042 6163 6b77 6172 .. ... 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As descr\n+00003ff0: 6962 6564 206f 6e20 7468 6520 4d75 6c74 ibed on the Mult\n+00004000: 6962 6f6f 7420 5370 6563 6966 6963 6174 iboot Specificat\n+00004010: 696f 6e20 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 ion (*note. \n+00004020: 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 5370 6563 6966 Multiboot Specif\n+00004030: 6963 6174 696f 6e3a 2028 6d75 6c74 6962 ication: (multib\n+00004040: 6f6f 7429 546f 702e 292c 206e 6f74 2061 oot)Top.), not a\n+00004050: 6c6c 206b 6572 6e65 6c73 206d 616b 6520 ll kernels make \n+00004060: 7573 650a 2020 2020 206f 6620 7468 6973 use. of this\n+00004070: 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2c20 6275 information, bu\n+00004080: 7420 4752 5542 2070 726f 7669 6465 7320 t GRUB provides \n+00004090: 6974 2066 6f72 2074 686f 7365 2077 686f it for those who\n+000040a0: 2064 6f2e 0a0a 5375 7070 6f72 7420 4c6f do...Support Lo\n+000040b0: 6769 6361 6c20 426c 6f63 6b20 4164 6472 gical Block Addr\n+000040c0: 6573 7320 6d6f 6465 0a20 2020 2020 496e ess mode. In\n+000040d0: 2074 7261 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 2064 6973 traditional dis\n+000040e0: 6b20 6361 6c6c 7320 2863 616c 6c65 6420 k calls (called \n+000040f0: e280 9c43 4853 206d 6f64 65e2 809d 292c ...CHS mode...),\n+00004100: 2074 6865 7265 2069 7320 6120 6765 6f6d there is a geom\n+00004110: 6574 7279 0a20 2020 2020 7472 616e 736c etry. transl\n+00004120: 6174 696f 6e20 7072 6f62 6c65 6d2c 2074 ation problem, t\n+00004130: 6861 7420 6973 2c20 7468 6520 4249 4f53 hat is, the BIOS\n+00004140: 2063 616e 6e6f 7420 6163 6365 7373 206f cannot access o\n+00004150: 7665 7220 3130 3234 0a20 2020 2020 6379 ver 1024. cy\n+00004160: 6c69 6e64 6572 732c 2073 6f20 7468 6520 linders, so the \n+00004170: 6163 6365 7373 6962 6c65 2073 7061 6365 accessible space\n+00004180: 2069 7320 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 746f 2061 is limited to a\n+00004190: 7420 6c65 6173 7420 3530 3820 4d42 0a20 t least 508 MB. \n+000041a0: 2020 2020 616e 6420 746f 2061 7420 6d6f and to at mo\n+000041b0: 7374 2038 4742 2e20 4752 5542 2063 616e st 8GB. GRUB can\n+000041c0: 2774 2075 6e69 7665 7273 616c 6c79 2073 't universally s\n+000041d0: 6f6c 7665 2074 6869 7320 7072 6f62 6c65 olve this proble\n+000041e0: 6d2c 2061 730a 2020 2020 2074 6865 7265 m, as. there\n+000041f0: 2069 7320 6e6f 2073 7461 6e64 6172 6420 is no standard \n+00004200: 696e 7465 7266 6163 6520 7573 6564 2069 interface used i\n+00004210: 6e20 616c 6c20 6d61 6368 696e 6573 2e20 n all machines. \n+00004220: 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c0a 2020 2020 2073 However,. s\n+00004230: 6576 6572 616c 206e 6577 6572 206d 6163 everal newer mac\n+00004240: 6869 6e65 7320 6861 7665 2074 6865 206e hines have the n\n+00004250: 6577 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2c20 4c6f ew interface, Lo\n+00004260: 6769 6361 6c20 426c 6f63 6b0a 2020 2020 gical Block. \n+00004270: 2041 6464 7265 7373 2028 e280 9c4c 4241 Address (...LBA\n+00004280: e280 9d29 206d 6f64 652e 2020 4752 5542 ...) mode. GRUB\n+00004290: 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 6c79 2064 automatically d\n+000042a0: 6574 6563 7473 2069 6620 4c42 4120 6d6f etects if LBA mo\n+000042b0: 6465 2069 730a 2020 2020 2061 7661 696c de is. avail\n+000042c0: 6162 6c65 2061 6e64 2075 7365 7320 6974 able and uses it\n+000042d0: 2069 6620 6176 6169 6c61 626c 652e 2020 if available. \n+000042e0: 496e 204c 4241 206d 6f64 652c 2047 5255 In LBA mode, GRU\n+000042f0: 4220 6361 6e20 6163 6365 7373 0a20 2020 B can access. \n+00004300: 2020 7468 6520 656e 7469 7265 2064 6973 the entire dis\n+00004310: 6b2e 0a0a 5375 7070 6f72 7420 6e65 7477 k...Support netw\n+00004320: 6f72 6b20 626f 6f74 696e 670a 2020 2020 ork booting. \n+00004330: 2047 5255 4220 6973 2062 6173 6963 616c GRUB is basical\n+00004340: 6c79 2061 2064 6973 6b2d 6261 7365 6420 ly a disk-based \n+00004350: 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 7220 6275 7420 boot loader but \n+00004360: 616c 736f 2068 6173 206e 6574 776f 726b also has network\n+00004370: 0a20 2020 2020 7375 7070 6f72 742e 2020 . support. \n+00004380: 596f 7520 6361 6e20 6c6f 6164 204f 5320 You can load OS \n+00004390: 696d 6167 6573 2066 726f 6d20 6120 6e65 images from a ne\n+000043a0: 7477 6f72 6b20 6279 2075 7369 6e67 2074 twork by using t\n+000043b0: 6865 20e2 809c 5446 5450 e280 9d0a 2020 he ...TFTP.... \n+000043c0: 2020 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c2e 0a0a 5375 protocol...Su\n+000043d0: 7070 6f72 7420 7265 6d6f 7465 2074 6572 pport remote ter\n+000043e0: 6d69 6e61 6c73 0a20 2020 2020 546f 2073 minals. To s\n+000043f0: 7570 706f 7274 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 7273 upport computers\n+00004400: 2077 6974 6820 6e6f 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 with no console\n+00004410: 2c20 4752 5542 2070 726f 7669 6465 7320 , GRUB provides \n+00004420: 7265 6d6f 7465 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c0a remote terminal.\n+00004430: 2020 2020 2073 7570 706f 7274 2c20 736f support, so\n+00004440: 2074 6861 7420 796f 7520 6361 6e20 636f that you can co\n+00004450: 6e74 726f 6c20 4752 5542 2066 726f 6d20 ntrol GRUB from \n+00004460: 6120 7265 6d6f 7465 2068 6f73 742e 2020 a remote host. \n+00004470: 4f6e 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 7365 7269 616c Only. serial\n+00004480: 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 7375 7070 6f72 terminal suppor\n+00004490: 7420 6973 2069 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 6564 t is implemented\n+000044a0: 2061 7420 7468 6520 6d6f 6d65 6e74 2e0a at the moment..\n+000044b0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n+000044c0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2046 6561 7475 fo, Node: Featu\n+000044d0: 7265 732d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 732c 2020 res-Footnotes, \n+000044e0: 5570 3a20 4665 6174 7572 6573 0a0a 2020 Up: Features.. \n+000044f0: 2028 3129 2054 6865 204e 6574 4253 442f (1) The NetBSD/\n+00004500: 6933 3836 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6973 204d i386 kernel is M\n+00004510: 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2d63 6f6d 706c 6961 ultiboot-complia\n+00004520: 6e74 2c20 6275 7420 6c61 636b 7320 7375 nt, but lacks su\n+00004530: 7070 6f72 740a 666f 7220 4d75 6c74 6962 pport.for Multib\n+00004540: 6f6f 7420 6d6f 6475 6c65 732e 0a0a 2020 oot modules... \n+00004550: 2028 3229 204f 6e6c 7920 4352 4333 3220 (2) Only CRC32 \n+00004560: 6461 7461 2069 6e74 6567 7269 7479 2063 data integrity c\n+00004570: 6865 636b 2069 7320 7375 7070 6f72 7465 heck is supporte\n+00004580: 6420 2878 7a20 6465 6661 756c 7420 6973 d (xz default is\n+00004590: 2043 5243 3634 0a73 6f20 6f6e 6520 7368 CRC64.so one sh\n+000045a0: 6f75 6c64 2075 7365 202d 6368 6563 6b3d ould use -check=\n+000045b0: 6372 6333 3220 6f70 7469 6f6e 292e 2020 crc32 option). \n+000045c0: 4c5a 4d41 2042 434a 2066 696c 7465 7273 LZMA BCJ filters\n+000045d0: 2061 7265 2073 7570 706f 7274 6564 2e0a are supported..\n+000045e0: 0a20 2020 2833 2920 5468 6572 6520 6172 . (3) There ar\n+000045f0: 6520 6120 6665 7720 7061 7468 6f6c 6f67 e a few patholog\n+00004600: 6963 616c 2063 6173 6573 2077 6865 7265 ical cases where\n+00004610: 206c 6f61 6469 6e67 2061 2076 6572 7920 loading a very \n+00004620: 6261 646c 790a 6f72 6761 6e69 7a65 6420 badly.organized \n+00004630: 454c 4620 6b65 726e 656c 206d 6967 6874 ELF kernel might\n+00004640: 2074 616b 6520 6c6f 6e67 6572 2c20 6275 take longer, bu\n+00004650: 7420 696e 2070 7261 6374 6963 6520 7468 t in practice th\n+00004660: 6973 206e 6576 6572 0a68 6170 7065 6e2e is never.happen.\n+00004670: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+00004680: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 526f 6c65 nfo, Node: Role\n+00004690: 206f 6620 6120 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 of a boot loade\n+000046a0: 722c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4665 6174 7572 r, Prev: Featur\n+000046b0: 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2049 6e74 726f 6475 es, Up: Introdu\n+000046c0: 6374 696f 6e0a 0a31 2e35 2054 6865 2072 ction..1.5 The r\n+000046d0: 6f6c 6520 6f66 2061 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f ole of a boot lo\n+000046e0: 6164 6572 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ader.===========\n 000046f0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00004700: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 ==========..The \n-00004710: 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6973 2061 2071 following is a q\n-00004720: 756f 7461 7469 6f6e 2066 726f 6d20 476f uotation from Go\n-00004730: 7264 6f6e 204d 6174 7a69 676b 6569 742c rdon Matzigkeit,\n-00004740: 2061 2047 5255 4220 6661 6e61 7469 633a a GRUB fanatic:\n-00004750: 0a0a 2020 2020 2053 6f6d 6520 7065 6f70 .. Some peop\n-00004760: 6c65 206c 696b 6520 746f 2061 636b 6e6f le like to ackno\n-00004770: 776c 6564 6765 2062 6f74 6820 7468 6520 wledge both the \n-00004780: 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d operating system\n-00004790: 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 726e 656c and. kernel\n-000047a0: 2077 6865 6e20 7468 6579 2074 616c 6b20 when they talk \n-000047b0: 6162 6f75 7420 7468 6569 7220 636f 6d70 about their comp\n-000047c0: 7574 6572 732c 2073 6f20 7468 6579 206d uters, so they m\n-000047d0: 6967 6874 2073 6179 2074 6865 790a 2020 ight say they. \n-000047e0: 2020 2075 7365 2022 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 use \"GNU/Linu\n-000047f0: 7822 206f 7220 2247 4e55 2f48 7572 6422 x\" or \"GNU/Hurd\"\n-00004800: 2e20 204f 7468 6572 2070 656f 706c 6520 . 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I, per\n-000048b0: 736f 6e61 6c6c 792c 2062 656c 6965 7665 sonally, believe\n-000048c0: 2074 6861 7420 7468 6973 2069 7320 6120 that this is a \n-000048d0: 6772 6176 6520 696e 6a75 7374 6963 652c grave injustice,\n-000048e0: 2062 6563 6175 7365 2074 6865 0a20 2020 because the. \n-000048f0: 2020 5f62 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 5f20 _boot loader_ \n-00004900: 6973 2074 6865 206d 6f73 7420 696d 706f is the most impo\n-00004910: 7274 616e 7420 736f 6674 7761 7265 206f rtant software o\n-00004920: 6620 616c 6c2e 2020 4920 7573 6564 2074 f all. I used t\n-00004930: 6f0a 2020 2020 2072 6566 6572 2074 6f20 o. refer to \n-00004940: 7468 6520 6162 6f76 6520 7379 7374 656d the above system\n-00004950: 7320 6173 2065 6974 6865 7220 224c 494c s as either \"LIL\n-00004960: 4f22 2831 2920 282a 6e6f 7465 2052 6f6c O\"(1) (*note Rol\n-00004970: 6520 6f66 2061 0a20 2020 2020 626f 6f74 e of a. boot\n-00004980: 206c 6f61 6465 722d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 loader-Footnote\n-00004990: 2d31 3a3a 2920 6f72 2022 4752 5542 2220 -1::) or \"GRUB\" \n-000049a0: 7379 7374 656d 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2055 systems... U\n-000049b0: 6e66 6f72 7475 6e61 7465 6c79 2c20 6e6f nfortunately, no\n-000049c0: 626f 6479 2065 7665 7220 756e 6465 7273 body ever unders\n-000049d0: 746f 6f64 2077 6861 7420 4920 7761 7320 tood what I was \n-000049e0: 7461 6c6b 696e 6720 6162 6f75 743b 206e talking about; n\n-000049f0: 6f77 0a20 2020 2020 4920 6a75 7374 2075 ow. I just u\n-00004a00: 7365 2074 6865 2077 6f72 6420 2247 4e55 se the word \"GNU\n-00004a10: 2220 6173 2061 2070 7365 7564 6f6e 796d \" as a pseudonym\n-00004a20: 2066 6f72 2047 5255 422e 0a0a 2020 2020 for GRUB... \n-00004a30: 2053 6f2c 2069 6620 796f 7520 6576 6572 So, if you ever\n-00004a40: 2068 6561 7220 7065 6f70 6c65 2074 616c hear people tal\n-00004a50: 6b69 6e67 2061 626f 7574 2074 6865 6972 king about their\n-00004a60: 2061 6c6c 6567 6564 2022 474e 5522 0a20 alleged \"GNU\". \n-00004a70: 2020 2020 7379 7374 656d 732c 2072 656d systems, rem\n-00004a80: 656d 6265 7220 7468 6174 2074 6865 7920 ember that they \n-00004a90: 6172 6520 6163 7475 616c 6c79 2070 6179 are actually pay\n-00004aa0: 696e 6720 686f 6d61 6765 2074 6f20 7468 ing homage to th\n-00004ab0: 6520 6265 7374 0a20 2020 2020 626f 6f74 e best. boot\n-00004ac0: 206c 6f61 6465 7220 6172 6f75 6e64 2e2e loader around..\n-00004ad0: 2e20 4752 5542 210a 0a20 2020 5765 2c20 . GRUB!.. We, \n-00004ae0: 7468 6520 4752 5542 206d 6169 6e74 6169 the GRUB maintai\n-00004af0: 6e65 7273 2c20 646f 206e 6f74 2028 7573 ners, do not (us\n-00004b00: 7561 6c6c 7929 2065 6e63 6f75 7261 6765 ually) encourage\n-00004b10: 2047 6f72 646f 6e27 7320 6c65 7665 6c0a Gordon's level.\n-00004b20: 6f66 2066 616e 6174 6963 6973 6d2c 2062 of fanaticism, b\n-00004b30: 7574 2069 7420 6865 6c70 7320 746f 2072 ut it helps to r\n-00004b40: 656d 656d 6265 7220 7468 6174 2062 6f6f emember that boo\n-00004b50: 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 7320 6465 7365 7276 t loaders deserv\n-00004b60: 650a 7265 636f 676e 6974 696f 6e2e 2020 e.recognition. \n-00004b70: 5765 2068 6f70 6520 7468 6174 2079 6f75 We hope that you\n-00004b80: 2065 6e6a 6f79 2075 7369 6e67 2047 4e55 enjoy using GNU\n-00004b90: 2047 5255 4220 6173 206d 7563 6820 6173 GRUB as much as\n-00004ba0: 2077 6520 6469 640a 7772 6974 696e 6720 we did.writing \n-00004bb0: 6974 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 it.....File: gru\n-00004bc0: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2052 b.info, Node: R\n-00004bd0: 6f6c 6520 6f66 2061 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f ole of a boot lo\n-00004be0: 6164 6572 2d46 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 2c20 ader-Footnotes, \n-00004bf0: 2055 703a 2052 6f6c 6520 6f66 2061 2062 Up: Role of a b\n-00004c00: 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 0a0a 2020 2028 oot loader.. (\n-00004c10: 3129 2054 6865 204c 496e 7578 204c 4f61 1) The LInux LOa\n-00004c20: 6465 722c 2061 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 der, a boot load\n-00004c30: 6572 2074 6861 7420 6576 6572 7962 6f64 er that everybod\n-00004c40: 7920 7573 6573 2c20 6275 7420 6e6f 626f y uses, but nobo\n-00004c50: 6479 0a6c 696b 6573 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c dy.likes.....Fil\n-00004c60: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-00004c70: 6f64 653a 204e 616d 696e 6720 636f 6e76 ode: Naming conv\n-00004c80: 656e 7469 6f6e 2c20 204e 6578 743a 204f ention, Next: O\n-00004c90: 532d 7370 6563 6966 6963 206e 6f74 6573 S-specific notes\n-00004ca0: 2061 626f 7574 2067 7275 6220 746f 6f6c about grub tool\n-00004cb0: 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 496e 7472 6f64 s, Prev: Introd\n-00004cc0: 7563 7469 6f6e 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 uction, Up: Top\n-00004cd0: 0a0a 3220 4e61 6d69 6e67 2063 6f6e 7665 ..2 Naming conve\n-00004ce0: 6e74 696f 6e0a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ntion.**********\n-00004cf0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a54 6865 2064 *********..The d\n-00004d00: 6576 6963 6520 7379 6e74 6178 2075 7365 evice syntax use\n-00004d10: 6420 696e 2047 5255 4220 6973 2061 2077 d in GRUB is a w\n-00004d20: 6565 2062 6974 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 ee bit different\n-00004d30: 2066 726f 6d20 7768 6174 2079 6f75 206d from what you m\n-00004d40: 6179 0a68 6176 6520 7365 656e 2062 6566 ay.have seen bef\n-00004d50: 6f72 6520 696e 2079 6f75 7220 6f70 6572 ore in your oper\n-00004d60: 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 2873 292c ating system(s),\n-00004d70: 2061 6e64 2079 6f75 206e 6565 6420 746f and you need to\n-00004d80: 206b 6e6f 7720 6974 2073 6f0a 7468 6174 know it so.that\n-00004d90: 2079 6f75 2063 616e 2073 7065 6369 6679 you can specify\n-00004da0: 2061 2064 7269 7665 2f70 6172 7469 7469 a drive/partiti\n-00004db0: 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 4c6f 6f6b 2061 7420 on... Look at \n-00004dc0: 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6578 the following ex\n-00004dd0: 616d 706c 6573 2061 6e64 2065 7870 6c61 amples and expla\n-00004de0: 6e61 7469 6f6e 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 2028 nations:.. (\n-00004df0: 6664 3029 0a0a 2020 2046 6972 7374 206f fd0).. First o\n-00004e00: 6620 616c 6c2c 2047 5255 4220 7265 7175 f all, GRUB requ\n-00004e10: 6972 6573 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 6465 ires that the de\n-00004e20: 7669 6365 206e 616d 6520 6265 2065 6e63 vice name be enc\n-00004e30: 6c6f 7365 6420 7769 7468 20e2 8098 28e2 losed with ...(.\n-00004e40: 8099 0a61 6e64 20e2 8098 29e2 8099 2e20 ...and ...).... \n-00004e50: 2054 6865 20e2 8098 6664 e280 9920 7061 The ...fd... pa\n-00004e60: 7274 206d 6561 6e73 2074 6861 7420 6974 rt means that it\n-00004e70: 2069 7320 6120 666c 6f70 7079 2064 6973 is a floppy dis\n-00004e80: 6b2e 2020 5468 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 20e2 k. The number .\n-00004e90: 8098 30e2 8099 0a69 7320 7468 6520 6472 ..0....is the dr\n-00004ea0: 6976 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 2c20 7768 6963 ive number, whic\n-00004eb0: 6820 6973 2063 6f75 6e74 6564 2066 726f h is counted fro\n-00004ec0: 6d20 5f7a 6572 6f5f 2e20 2054 6869 7320 m _zero_. This \n-00004ed0: 6578 7072 6573 7369 6f6e 0a6d 6561 6e73 expression.means\n-00004ee0: 2074 6861 7420 4752 5542 2077 696c 6c20 that GRUB will \n-00004ef0: 7573 6520 7468 6520 7768 6f6c 6520 666c use the whole fl\n-00004f00: 6f70 7079 2064 6973 6b2e 0a0a 2020 2020 oppy disk... \n-00004f10: 2028 6864 302c 6d73 646f 7332 290a 0a20 (hd0,msdos2).. \n-00004f20: 2020 4865 7265 2c20 e280 9868 64e2 8099 Here, ...hd...\n-00004f30: 206d 6561 6e73 2069 7420 6973 2061 2068 means it is a h\n-00004f40: 6172 6420 6469 736b 2064 7269 7665 2e20 ard disk drive. \n-00004f50: 2054 6865 2066 6972 7374 2069 6e74 6567 The first integ\n-00004f60: 6572 20e2 8098 30e2 8099 0a69 6e64 6963 er ...0....indic\n-00004f70: 6174 6573 2074 6865 2064 7269 7665 206e ates the drive n\n-00004f80: 756d 6265 722c 2074 6861 7420 6973 2c20 umber, that is, \n-00004f90: 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 6861 7264 2064 the first hard d\n-00004fa0: 6973 6b2c 2074 6865 2073 7472 696e 670a isk, the string.\n-00004fb0: e280 986d 7364 6f73 e280 9920 696e 6469 ...msdos... indi\n-00004fc0: 6361 7465 7320 7468 6520 7061 7274 6974 cates the partit\n-00004fd0: 696f 6e20 7363 6865 6d65 2c20 7768 696c ion scheme, whil\n-00004fe0: 6520 7468 6520 7365 636f 6e64 2069 6e74 e the second int\n-00004ff0: 6567 6572 2c20 e280 9832 e280 992c 0a69 eger, ...2...,.i\n-00005000: 6e64 6963 6174 6573 2074 6865 2070 6172 ndicates the par\n-00005010: 7469 7469 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 7220 286f tition number (o\n-00005020: 7220 7468 6520 5043 2073 6c69 6365 206e r the PC slice n\n-00005030: 756d 6265 7220 696e 2074 6865 2042 5344 umber in the BSD\n-00005040: 0a74 6572 6d69 6e6f 6c6f 6779 292e 2020 .terminology). \n-00005050: 5468 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6e75 The partition nu\n-00005060: 6d62 6572 7320 6172 6520 636f 756e 7465 mbers are counte\n-00005070: 6420 6672 6f6d 205f 6f6e 655f 2c20 6e6f d from _one_, no\n-00005080: 7420 6672 6f6d 0a7a 6572 6f20 2861 7320 t from.zero (as \n-00005090: 7761 7320 7468 6520 6361 7365 2069 6e20 was the case in \n-000050a0: 7072 6576 696f 7573 2076 6572 7369 6f6e previous version\n-000050b0: 7320 6f66 2047 5255 4229 2e20 5468 6973 s of GRUB). This\n-000050c0: 2065 7870 7265 7373 696f 6e0a 6d65 616e expression.mean\n-000050d0: 7320 7468 6520 7365 636f 6e64 2070 6172 s the second par\n-000050e0: 7469 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 6669 tition of the fi\n-000050f0: 7273 7420 6861 7264 2064 6973 6b20 6472 rst hard disk dr\n-00005100: 6976 652e 2020 496e 2074 6869 7320 6361 ive. In this ca\n-00005110: 7365 2c0a 4752 5542 2075 7365 7320 6f6e se,.GRUB uses on\n-00005120: 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 e partition of t\n-00005130: 6865 2064 6973 6b2c 2069 6e73 7465 6164 he disk, instead\n-00005140: 206f 6620 7468 6520 7768 6f6c 6520 6469 of the whole di\n-00005150: 736b 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2868 6430 2c6d sk... (hd0,m\n-00005160: 7364 6f73 3529 0a0a 2020 2054 6869 7320 sdos5).. This \n-00005170: 7370 6563 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 6669 specifies the fi\n-00005180: 7273 7420 e280 9c65 7874 656e 6465 6420 rst ...extended \n-00005190: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6ee2 809d 206f 6620 partition... of \n-000051a0: 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 6861 7264 2064 the first hard d\n-000051b0: 6973 6b0a 6472 6976 652e 2020 4e6f 7465 isk.drive. Note\n-000051c0: 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 7061 7274 6974 that the partit\n-000051d0: 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 7320 666f 7220 ion numbers for \n-000051e0: 6578 7465 6e64 6564 2070 6172 7469 7469 extended partiti\n-000051f0: 6f6e 7320 6172 650a 636f 756e 7465 6420 ons are.counted \n-00005200: 6672 6f6d 20e2 8098 35e2 8099 2c20 7265 from ...5..., re\n-00005210: 6761 7264 6c65 7373 206f 6620 7468 6520 gardless of the \n-00005220: 6163 7475 616c 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 actual number of\n-00005230: 2070 7269 6d61 7279 2070 6172 7469 7469 primary partiti\n-00005240: 6f6e 730a 6f6e 2079 6f75 7220 6861 7264 ons.on your hard\n-00005250: 2064 6973 6b2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2028 6864 disk... (hd\n-00005260: 312c 6d73 646f 7331 2c62 7364 3129 0a0a 1,msdos1,bsd1)..\n-00005270: 2020 2054 6869 7320 6d65 616e 7320 7468 This means th\n-00005280: 6520 4253 4420 e280 9861 e280 9920 7061 e BSD ...a... pa\n-00005290: 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6f6e 2066 6972 7374 rtition on first\n-000052a0: 2050 4320 736c 6963 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 PC slice number\n-000052b0: 206f 6620 7468 650a 7365 636f 6e64 2068 of the.second h\n-000052c0: 6172 6420 6469 736b 2e0a 0a20 2020 4f66 ard disk... Of\n-000052d0: 2063 6f75 7273 652c 2074 6f20 6163 7475 course, to actu\n-000052e0: 616c 6c79 2061 6363 6573 7320 7468 6520 ally access the \n-000052f0: 6469 736b 7320 6f72 2070 6172 7469 7469 disks or partiti\n-00005300: 6f6e 7320 7769 7468 2047 5255 422c 2079 ons with GRUB, y\n-00005310: 6f75 0a6e 6565 6420 746f 2075 7365 2074 ou.need to use t\n-00005320: 6865 2064 6576 6963 6520 7370 6563 6966 he device specif\n-00005330: 6963 6174 696f 6e20 696e 2061 2063 6f6d ication in a com\n-00005340: 6d61 6e64 2c20 6c69 6b65 20e2 8098 7365 mand, like ...se\n-00005350: 7420 726f 6f74 3d28 6664 3029 e280 990a t root=(fd0)....\n-00005360: 6f72 20e2 8098 7061 7274 746f 6f6c 2028 or ...parttool (\n-00005370: 6864 302c 6d73 646f 7333 2920 6869 6464 hd0,msdos3) hidd\n-00005380: 656e 2de2 8099 2e20 2054 6f20 6865 6c70 en-.... To help\n-00005390: 2079 6f75 2066 696e 6420 6f75 7420 7768 you find out wh\n-000053a0: 6963 6820 6e75 6d62 6572 0a73 7065 6369 ich number.speci\n-000053b0: 6669 6573 2061 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e fies a partition\n-000053c0: 2079 6f75 2077 616e 742c 2074 6865 2047 you want, the G\n-000053d0: 5255 4220 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 RUB command-line\n-000053e0: 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 436f 6d6d 616e 642d (*note.Command-\n-000053f0: 6c69 6e65 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 3a3a line interface::\n-00005400: 2920 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 6861 7665 2061 ) options have a\n-00005410: 7267 756d 656e 7420 636f 6d70 6c65 7469 rgument completi\n-00005420: 6f6e 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6d65 616e 730a on. This means.\n-00005430: 7468 6174 2c20 666f 7220 6578 616d 706c that, for exampl\n-00005440: 652c 2079 6f75 206f 6e6c 7920 6e65 6564 e, you only need\n-00005450: 2074 6f20 7479 7065 0a0a 2020 2020 2073 to type.. s\n-00005460: 6574 2072 6f6f 743d 280a 0a20 2020 666f et root=(.. fo\n-00005470: 6c6c 6f77 6564 2062 7920 6120 3c54 4142 llowed by a , and GRUB will\n-00005490: 2064 6973 706c 6179 2074 6865 206c 6973 display the lis\n-000054a0: 7420 6f66 2064 7269 7665 732c 0a70 6172 t of drives,.par\n-000054b0: 7469 7469 6f6e 732c 206f 7220 6669 6c65 titions, or file\n-000054c0: 206e 616d 6573 2e20 2053 6f20 6974 2073 names. So it s\n-000054d0: 686f 756c 6420 6265 2071 7569 7465 2065 hould be quite e\n-000054e0: 6173 7920 746f 2064 6574 6572 6d69 6e65 asy to determine\n-000054f0: 2074 6865 0a6e 616d 6520 6f66 2079 6f75 the.name of you\n-00005500: 7220 7461 7267 6574 2070 6172 7469 7469 r target partiti\n-00005510: 6f6e 2c20 6576 656e 2077 6974 6820 6d69 on, even with mi\n-00005520: 6e69 6d61 6c20 6b6e 6f77 6c65 6467 6520 nimal knowledge \n-00005530: 6f66 2074 6865 0a73 796e 7461 782e 0a0a of the.syntax...\n-00005540: 2020 204e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2047 5255 Note that GRU\n-00005550: 4220 646f 6573 205f 6e6f 745f 2064 6973 B does _not_ dis\n-00005560: 7469 6e67 7569 7368 2049 4445 2066 726f tinguish IDE fro\n-00005570: 6d20 5343 5349 202d 2069 7420 7369 6d70 m SCSI - it simp\n-00005580: 6c79 0a63 6f75 6e74 7320 7468 6520 6472 ly.counts the dr\n-00005590: 6976 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 7320 6672 6f6d ive numbers from\n-000055a0: 207a 6572 6f2c 2072 6567 6172 646c 6573 zero, regardles\n-000055b0: 7320 6f66 2074 6865 6972 2074 7970 652e s of their type.\n-000055c0: 2020 4e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2c0a 616e 7920 Normally,.any \n-000055d0: 4944 4520 6472 6976 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 IDE drive number\n-000055e0: 2069 7320 6c65 7373 2074 6861 6e20 616e is less than an\n-000055f0: 7920 5343 5349 2064 7269 7665 206e 756d y SCSI drive num\n-00005600: 6265 722c 2061 6c74 686f 7567 6820 7468 ber, although th\n-00005610: 6174 0a69 7320 6e6f 7420 7472 7565 2069 at.is not true i\n-00005620: 6620 796f 7520 6368 616e 6765 2074 6865 f you change the\n-00005630: 2062 6f6f 7420 7365 7175 656e 6365 2062 boot sequence b\n-00005640: 7920 7377 6170 7069 6e67 2049 4445 2061 y swapping IDE a\n-00005650: 6e64 2053 4353 490a 6472 6976 6573 2069 nd SCSI.drives i\n-00005660: 6e20 796f 7572 2042 494f 532e 0a0a 2020 n your BIOS... \n-00005670: 204e 6f77 2074 6865 2071 7565 7374 696f Now the questio\n-00005680: 6e20 6973 2c20 686f 7720 746f 2073 7065 n is, how to spe\n-00005690: 6369 6679 2061 2066 696c 653f 2020 4167 cify a file? Ag\n-000056a0: 6169 6e2c 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 7220 616e ain, consider an\n-000056b0: 0a65 7861 6d70 6c65 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 .example:.. \n-000056c0: 2868 6430 2c6d 7364 6f73 3129 2f76 6d6c (hd0,msdos1)/vml\n-000056d0: 696e 757a 0a0a 2020 2054 6869 7320 7370 inuz.. This sp\n-000056e0: 6563 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 6669 6c65 ecifies the file\n-000056f0: 206e 616d 6564 20e2 8098 766d 6c69 6e75 named ...vmlinu\n-00005700: 7ae2 8099 2c20 666f 756e 6420 6f6e 2074 z..., found on t\n-00005710: 6865 2066 6972 7374 2070 6172 7469 7469 he first partiti\n-00005720: 6f6e 0a6f 6620 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 on.of the first \n-00005730: 6861 7264 2064 6973 6b20 6472 6976 652e hard disk drive.\n-00005740: 2020 4e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 Note that the \n-00005750: 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 2063 6f6d 706c 6574 argument complet\n-00005760: 696f 6e20 776f 726b 730a 7769 7468 2066 ion works.with f\n-00005770: 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 732c 2074 6f6f 2e0a ile names, too..\n-00005780: 0a20 2020 5468 6174 2077 6173 2065 6173 . That was eas\n-00005790: 792c 2061 646d 6974 2069 742e 2020 4e6f y, admit it. No\n-000057a0: 7720 7265 6164 2074 6865 206e 6578 7420 w read the next \n-000057b0: 6368 6170 7465 722c 2074 6f20 6669 6e64 chapter, to find\n-000057c0: 206f 7574 2068 6f77 0a74 6f20 6163 7475 out how.to actu\n-000057d0: 616c 6c79 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 ally install GRU\n-000057e0: 4220 6f6e 2079 6f75 7220 6472 6976 652e B on your drive.\n-000057f0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-00005800: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4f53 2d73 nfo, Node: OS-s\n-00005810: 7065 6369 6669 6320 6e6f 7465 7320 6162 pecific notes ab\n-00005820: 6f75 7420 6772 7562 2074 6f6f 6c73 2c20 out grub tools, \n-00005830: 204e 6578 743a 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 Next: Installat\n-00005840: 696f 6e2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4e61 6d69 ion, Prev: Nami\n-00005850: 6e67 2063 6f6e 7665 6e74 696f 6e2c 2020 ng convention, \n-00005860: 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a33 204f 532d 7370 Up: Top..3 OS-sp\n-00005870: 6563 6966 6963 206e 6f74 6573 2061 626f ecific notes abo\n-00005880: 7574 2067 7275 6220 746f 6f6c 730a 2a2a ut grub tools.**\n+00004700: 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e ==..The followin\n+00004710: 6720 6973 2061 2071 756f 7461 7469 6f6e g is a quotation\n+00004720: 2066 726f 6d20 476f 7264 6f6e 204d 6174 from Gordon Mat\n+00004730: 7a69 676b 6569 742c 2061 2047 5255 4220 zigkeit, a GRUB \n+00004740: 6661 6e61 7469 633a 0a0a 2020 2020 2053 fanatic:.. S\n+00004750: 6f6d 6520 7065 6f70 6c65 206c 696b 6520 ome people like \n+00004760: 746f 2061 636b 6e6f 776c 6564 6765 2062 to acknowledge b\n+00004770: 6f74 6820 7468 6520 6f70 6572 6174 696e oth the operatin\n+00004780: 6720 7379 7374 656d 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 g system and. \n+00004790: 2020 6b65 726e 656c 2077 6865 6e20 7468 kernel when th\n+000047a0: 6579 2074 616c 6b20 6162 6f75 7420 7468 ey talk about th\n+000047b0: 6569 7220 636f 6d70 7574 6572 732c 2073 eir computers, s\n+000047c0: 6f20 7468 6579 206d 6967 6874 2073 6179 o they might say\n+000047d0: 2074 6865 790a 2020 2020 2075 7365 2022 they. use \"\n+000047e0: 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 7822 206f 7220 2247 GNU/Linux\" or \"G\n+000047f0: 4e55 2f48 7572 6422 2e20 204f 7468 6572 NU/Hurd\". Other\n+00004800: 2070 656f 706c 6520 7365 656d 2074 6f20 people seem to \n+00004810: 7468 696e 6b20 7468 6174 2074 6865 0a20 think that the. \n+00004820: 2020 2020 6b65 726e 656c 2069 7320 7468 kernel is th\n+00004830: 6520 6d6f 7374 2069 6d70 6f72 7461 6e74 e most important\n+00004840: 2070 6172 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2073 7973 part of the sys\n+00004850: 7465 6d2c 2073 6f20 7468 6579 206c 696b tem, so they lik\n+00004860: 6520 746f 0a20 2020 2020 6361 6c6c 2074 e to. call t\n+00004870: 6865 6972 2047 4e55 206f 7065 7261 7469 heir GNU operati\n+00004880: 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2022 4c69 6e75 ng systems \"Linu\n+00004890: 7820 7379 7374 656d 732e 220a 0a20 2020 x systems.\".. \n+000048a0: 2020 492c 2070 6572 736f 6e61 6c6c 792c I, personally,\n+000048b0: 2062 656c 6965 7665 2074 6861 7420 7468 believe that th\n+000048c0: 6973 2069 7320 6120 6772 6176 6520 696e is is a grave in\n+000048d0: 6a75 7374 6963 652c 2062 6563 6175 7365 justice, because\n+000048e0: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 5f62 6f6f 7420 the. _boot \n+000048f0: 6c6f 6164 6572 5f20 6973 2074 6865 206d loader_ is the m\n+00004900: 6f73 7420 696d 706f 7274 616e 7420 736f ost important so\n+00004910: 6674 7761 7265 206f 6620 616c 6c2e 2020 ftware of all. \n+00004920: 4920 7573 6564 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2072 I used to. r\n+00004930: 6566 6572 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6162 6f76 efer to the abov\n+00004940: 6520 7379 7374 656d 7320 6173 2065 6974 e systems as eit\n+00004950: 6865 7220 224c 494c 4f22 2831 2920 282a her \"LILO\"(1) (*\n+00004960: 6e6f 7465 2052 6f6c 6520 6f66 2061 0a20 note Role of a. \n+00004970: 2020 2020 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 722d boot loader-\n+00004980: 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d31 3a3a 2920 6f72 Footnote-1::) or\n+00004990: 2022 4752 5542 2220 7379 7374 656d 732e \"GRUB\" systems.\n+000049a0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2055 6e66 6f72 7475 6e61 .. Unfortuna\n+000049b0: 7465 6c79 2c20 6e6f 626f 6479 2065 7665 tely, nobody eve\n+000049c0: 7220 756e 6465 7273 746f 6f64 2077 6861 r understood wha\n+000049d0: 7420 4920 7761 7320 7461 6c6b 696e 6720 t I was talking \n+000049e0: 6162 6f75 743b 206e 6f77 0a20 2020 2020 about; now. \n+000049f0: 4920 6a75 7374 2075 7365 2074 6865 2077 I just use the w\n+00004a00: 6f72 6420 2247 4e55 2220 6173 2061 2070 ord \"GNU\" as a p\n+00004a10: 7365 7564 6f6e 796d 2066 6f72 2047 5255 seudonym for GRU\n+00004a20: 422e 0a0a 2020 2020 2053 6f2c 2069 6620 B... So, if \n+00004a30: 796f 7520 6576 6572 2068 6561 7220 7065 you ever hear pe\n+00004a40: 6f70 6c65 2074 616c 6b69 6e67 2061 626f ople talking abo\n+00004a50: 7574 2074 6865 6972 2061 6c6c 6567 6564 ut their alleged\n+00004a60: 2022 474e 5522 0a20 2020 2020 7379 7374 \"GNU\". syst\n+00004a70: 656d 732c 2072 656d 656d 6265 7220 7468 ems, remember th\n+00004a80: 6174 2074 6865 7920 6172 6520 6163 7475 at they are actu\n+00004a90: 616c 6c79 2070 6179 696e 6720 686f 6d61 ally paying homa\n+00004aa0: 6765 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6265 7374 0a20 ge to the best. \n+00004ab0: 2020 2020 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 7220 boot loader \n+00004ac0: 6172 6f75 6e64 2e2e 2e20 4752 5542 210a around... GRUB!.\n+00004ad0: 0a20 2020 5765 2c20 7468 6520 4752 5542 . We, the GRUB\n+00004ae0: 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7273 2c20 646f maintainers, do\n+00004af0: 206e 6f74 2028 7573 7561 6c6c 7929 2065 not (usually) e\n+00004b00: 6e63 6f75 7261 6765 2047 6f72 646f 6e27 ncourage Gordon'\n+00004b10: 7320 6c65 7665 6c0a 6f66 2066 616e 6174 s level.of fanat\n+00004b20: 6963 6973 6d2c 2062 7574 2069 7420 6865 icism, but it he\n+00004b30: 6c70 7320 746f 2072 656d 656d 6265 7220 lps to remember \n+00004b40: 7468 6174 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 that boot loader\n+00004b50: 7320 6465 7365 7276 650a 7265 636f 676e s deserve.recogn\n+00004b60: 6974 696f 6e2e 2020 5765 2068 6f70 6520 ition. We hope \n+00004b70: 7468 6174 2079 6f75 2065 6e6a 6f79 2075 that you enjoy u\n+00004b80: 7369 6e67 2047 4e55 2047 5255 4220 6173 sing GNU GRUB as\n+00004b90: 206d 7563 6820 6173 2077 6520 6469 640a much as we did.\n+00004ba0: 7772 6974 696e 6720 6974 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 writing it.....F\n+00004bb0: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+00004bc0: 204e 6f64 653a 2052 6f6c 6520 6f66 2061 Node: Role of a\n+00004bd0: 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2d46 6f6f boot loader-Foo\n+00004be0: 746e 6f74 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2052 6f6c tnotes, Up: Rol\n+00004bf0: 6520 6f66 2061 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 e of a boot load\n+00004c00: 6572 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2054 6865 204c er.. (1) The L\n+00004c10: 496e 7578 204c 4f61 6465 722c 2061 2062 Inux LOader, a b\n+00004c20: 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2074 6861 7420 oot loader that \n+00004c30: 6576 6572 7962 6f64 7920 7573 6573 2c20 everybody uses, \n+00004c40: 6275 7420 6e6f 626f 6479 0a6c 696b 6573 but nobody.likes\n+00004c50: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n+00004c60: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204e 616d info, Node: Nam\n+00004c70: 696e 6720 636f 6e76 656e 7469 6f6e 2c20 ing convention, \n+00004c80: 204e 6578 743a 204f 532d 7370 6563 6966 Next: OS-specif\n+00004c90: 6963 206e 6f74 6573 2061 626f 7574 2067 ic notes about g\n+00004ca0: 7275 6220 746f 6f6c 732c 2020 5072 6576 rub tools, Prev\n+00004cb0: 3a20 496e 7472 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e 2c20 : Introduction, \n+00004cc0: 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 3220 4e61 6d69 Up: Top..2 Nami\n+00004cd0: 6e67 2063 6f6e 7665 6e74 696f 6e0a 2a2a ng convention.**\n+00004ce0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n+00004cf0: 2a0a 0a54 6865 2064 6576 6963 6520 7379 *..The device sy\n+00004d00: 6e74 6178 2075 7365 6420 696e 2047 5255 ntax used in GRU\n+00004d10: 4220 6973 2061 2077 6565 2062 6974 2064 B is a wee bit d\n+00004d20: 6966 6665 7265 6e74 2066 726f 6d20 7768 ifferent from wh\n+00004d30: 6174 2079 6f75 206d 6179 0a68 6176 6520 at you may.have \n+00004d40: 7365 656e 2062 6566 6f72 6520 696e 2079 seen before in y\n+00004d50: 6f75 7220 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 our operating sy\n+00004d60: 7374 656d 2873 292c 2061 6e64 2079 6f75 stem(s), and you\n+00004d70: 206e 6565 6420 746f 206b 6e6f 7720 6974 need to know it\n+00004d80: 2073 6f0a 7468 6174 2079 6f75 2063 616e so.that you can\n+00004d90: 2073 7065 6369 6679 2061 2064 7269 7665 specify a drive\n+00004da0: 2f70 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 /partition... \n+00004db0: 4c6f 6f6b 2061 7420 7468 6520 666f 6c6c Look at the foll\n+00004dc0: 6f77 696e 6720 6578 616d 706c 6573 2061 owing examples a\n+00004dd0: 6e64 2065 7870 6c61 6e61 7469 6f6e 733a nd explanations:\n+00004de0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2028 6664 3029 0a0a 2020 .. (fd0).. \n+00004df0: 2046 6972 7374 206f 6620 616c 6c2c 2047 First of all, G\n+00004e00: 5255 4220 7265 7175 6972 6573 2074 6861 RUB requires tha\n+00004e10: 7420 7468 6520 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d t the device nam\n+00004e20: 6520 6265 2065 6e63 6c6f 7365 6420 7769 e be enclosed wi\n+00004e30: 7468 20e2 8098 28e2 8099 0a61 6e64 20e2 th ...(....and .\n+00004e40: 8098 29e2 8099 2e20 2054 6865 20e2 8098 ..).... The ...\n+00004e50: 6664 e280 9920 7061 7274 206d 6561 6e73 fd... part means\n+00004e60: 2074 6861 7420 6974 2069 7320 6120 666c that it is a fl\n+00004e70: 6f70 7079 2064 6973 6b2e 2020 5468 6520 oppy disk. The \n+00004e80: 6e75 6d62 6572 20e2 8098 30e2 8099 0a69 number ...0....i\n+00004e90: 7320 7468 6520 6472 6976 6520 6e75 6d62 s the drive numb\n+00004ea0: 6572 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6973 2063 6f75 er, which is cou\n+00004eb0: 6e74 6564 2066 726f 6d20 5f7a 6572 6f5f nted from _zero_\n+00004ec0: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6578 7072 6573 7369 . This expressi\n+00004ed0: 6f6e 0a6d 6561 6e73 2074 6861 7420 4752 on.means that GR\n+00004ee0: 5542 2077 696c 6c20 7573 6520 7468 6520 UB will use the \n+00004ef0: 7768 6f6c 6520 666c 6f70 7079 2064 6973 whole floppy dis\n+00004f00: 6b2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2028 6864 302c 6d73 k... (hd0,ms\n+00004f10: 646f 7332 290a 0a20 2020 4865 7265 2c20 dos2).. Here, \n+00004f20: e280 9868 64e2 8099 206d 6561 6e73 2069 ...hd... means i\n+00004f30: 7420 6973 2061 2068 6172 6420 6469 736b t is a hard disk\n+00004f40: 2064 7269 7665 2e20 2054 6865 2066 6972 drive. The fir\n+00004f50: 7374 2069 6e74 6567 6572 20e2 8098 30e2 st integer ...0.\n+00004f60: 8099 0a69 6e64 6963 6174 6573 2074 6865 ...indicates the\n+00004f70: 2064 7269 7665 206e 756d 6265 722c 2074 drive number, t\n+00004f80: 6861 7420 6973 2c20 7468 6520 6669 7273 hat is, the firs\n+00004f90: 7420 6861 7264 2064 6973 6b2c 2074 6865 t hard disk, the\n+00004fa0: 2073 7472 696e 670a e280 986d 7364 6f73 string....msdos\n+00004fb0: e280 9920 696e 6469 6361 7465 7320 7468 ... indicates th\n+00004fc0: 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7363 6865 e partition sche\n+00004fd0: 6d65 2c20 7768 696c 6520 7468 6520 7365 me, while the se\n+00004fe0: 636f 6e64 2069 6e74 6567 6572 2c20 e280 cond integer, ..\n+00004ff0: 9832 e280 992c 0a69 6e64 6963 6174 6573 .2...,.indicates\n+00005000: 2074 6865 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 206e the partition n\n+00005010: 756d 6265 7220 286f 7220 7468 6520 5043 umber (or the PC\n+00005020: 2073 6c69 6365 206e 756d 6265 7220 696e slice number in\n+00005030: 2074 6865 2042 5344 0a74 6572 6d69 6e6f the BSD.termino\n+00005040: 6c6f 6779 292e 2020 5468 6520 7061 7274 logy). The part\n+00005050: 6974 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 7320 6172 ition numbers ar\n+00005060: 6520 636f 756e 7465 6420 6672 6f6d 205f e counted from _\n+00005070: 6f6e 655f 2c20 6e6f 7420 6672 6f6d 0a7a one_, not from.z\n+00005080: 6572 6f20 2861 7320 7761 7320 7468 6520 ero (as was the \n+00005090: 6361 7365 2069 6e20 7072 6576 696f 7573 case in previous\n+000050a0: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 2047 5255 versions of GRU\n+000050b0: 4229 2e20 5468 6973 2065 7870 7265 7373 B). This express\n+000050c0: 696f 6e0a 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6520 7365 ion.means the se\n+000050d0: 636f 6e64 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 206f cond partition o\n+000050e0: 6620 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 6861 7264 f the first hard\n+000050f0: 2064 6973 6b20 6472 6976 652e 2020 496e disk drive. In\n+00005100: 2074 6869 7320 6361 7365 2c0a 4752 5542 this case,.GRUB\n+00005110: 2075 7365 7320 6f6e 6520 7061 7274 6974 uses one partit\n+00005120: 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2064 6973 6b2c ion of the disk,\n+00005130: 2069 6e73 7465 6164 206f 6620 7468 6520 instead of the \n+00005140: 7768 6f6c 6520 6469 736b 2e0a 0a20 2020 whole disk... \n+00005150: 2020 2868 6430 2c6d 7364 6f73 3529 0a0a (hd0,msdos5)..\n+00005160: 2020 2054 6869 7320 7370 6563 6966 6965 This specifie\n+00005170: 7320 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 e280 9c65 s the first ...e\n+00005180: 7874 656e 6465 6420 7061 7274 6974 696f xtended partitio\n+00005190: 6ee2 809d 206f 6620 7468 6520 6669 7273 n... of the firs\n+000051a0: 7420 6861 7264 2064 6973 6b0a 6472 6976 t hard disk.driv\n+000051b0: 652e 2020 4e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 7468 e. Note that th\n+000051c0: 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 e partition numb\n+000051d0: 6572 7320 666f 7220 6578 7465 6e64 6564 ers for extended\n+000051e0: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 7320 6172 650a partitions are.\n+000051f0: 636f 756e 7465 6420 6672 6f6d 20e2 8098 counted from ...\n+00005200: 35e2 8099 2c20 7265 6761 7264 6c65 7373 5..., regardless\n+00005210: 206f 6620 7468 6520 6163 7475 616c 206e of the actual n\n+00005220: 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2070 7269 6d61 7279 umber of primary\n+00005230: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 730a 6f6e 2079 partitions.on y\n+00005240: 6f75 7220 6861 7264 2064 6973 6b2e 0a0a our hard disk...\n+00005250: 2020 2020 2028 6864 312c 6d73 646f 7331 (hd1,msdos1\n+00005260: 2c62 7364 3129 0a0a 2020 2054 6869 7320 ,bsd1).. This \n+00005270: 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6520 4253 4420 e280 means the BSD ..\n+00005280: 9861 e280 9920 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 .a... partition \n+00005290: 6f6e 2066 6972 7374 2050 4320 736c 6963 on first PC slic\n+000052a0: 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 7468 650a e number of the.\n+000052b0: 7365 636f 6e64 2068 6172 6420 6469 736b second hard disk\n+000052c0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 4f66 2063 6f75 7273 652c ... Of course,\n+000052d0: 2074 6f20 6163 7475 616c 6c79 2061 6363 to actually acc\n+000052e0: 6573 7320 7468 6520 6469 736b 7320 6f72 ess the disks or\n+000052f0: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 7320 7769 7468 partitions with\n+00005300: 2047 5255 422c 2079 6f75 0a6e 6565 6420 GRUB, you.need \n+00005310: 746f 2075 7365 2074 6865 2064 6576 6963 to use the devic\n+00005320: 6520 7370 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 e specification \n+00005330: 696e 2061 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2c20 6c69 in a command, li\n+00005340: 6b65 20e2 8098 7365 7420 726f 6f74 3d28 ke ...set root=(\n+00005350: 6664 3029 e280 990a 6f72 20e2 8098 7061 fd0)....or ...pa\n+00005360: 7274 746f 6f6c 2028 6864 302c 6d73 646f rttool (hd0,msdo\n+00005370: 7333 2920 6869 6464 656e 2de2 8099 2e20 s3) hidden-.... \n+00005380: 2054 6f20 6865 6c70 2079 6f75 2066 696e To help you fin\n+00005390: 6420 6f75 7420 7768 6963 6820 6e75 6d62 d out which numb\n+000053a0: 6572 0a73 7065 6369 6669 6573 2061 2070 er.specifies a p\n+000053b0: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2079 6f75 2077 616e artition you wan\n+000053c0: 742c 2074 6865 2047 5255 4220 636f 6d6d t, the GRUB comm\n+000053d0: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a and-line (*note.\n+000053e0: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2069 6e74 Command-line int\n+000053f0: 6572 6661 6365 3a3a 2920 6f70 7469 6f6e erface::) option\n+00005400: 7320 6861 7665 2061 7267 756d 656e 7420 s have argument \n+00005410: 636f 6d70 6c65 7469 6f6e 2e20 2054 6869 completion. Thi\n+00005420: 7320 6d65 616e 730a 7468 6174 2c20 666f s means.that, fo\n+00005430: 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c 2079 6f75 206f r example, you o\n+00005440: 6e6c 7920 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 7479 7065 nly need to type\n+00005450: 0a0a 2020 2020 2073 6574 2072 6f6f 743d .. set root=\n+00005460: 280a 0a20 2020 666f 6c6c 6f77 6564 2062 (.. followed b\n+00005470: 7920 6120 3c54 4142 3e2c 2061 6e64 2047 y a , and G\n+00005480: 5255 4220 7769 6c6c 2064 6973 706c 6179 RUB will display\n+00005490: 2074 6865 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2064 7269 the list of dri\n+000054a0: 7665 732c 0a70 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 732c ves,.partitions,\n+000054b0: 206f 7220 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6573 2e20 or file names. \n+000054c0: 2053 6f20 6974 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 So it should be\n+000054d0: 2071 7569 7465 2065 6173 7920 746f 2064 quite easy to d\n+000054e0: 6574 6572 6d69 6e65 2074 6865 0a6e 616d etermine the.nam\n+000054f0: 6520 6f66 2079 6f75 7220 7461 7267 6574 e of your target\n+00005500: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2c20 6576 656e partition, even\n+00005510: 2077 6974 6820 6d69 6e69 6d61 6c20 6b6e with minimal kn\n+00005520: 6f77 6c65 6467 6520 6f66 2074 6865 0a73 owledge of the.s\n+00005530: 796e 7461 782e 0a0a 2020 204e 6f74 6520 yntax... Note \n+00005540: 7468 6174 2047 5255 4220 646f 6573 205f that GRUB does _\n+00005550: 6e6f 745f 2064 6973 7469 6e67 7569 7368 not_ distinguish\n+00005560: 2049 4445 2066 726f 6d20 5343 5349 202d IDE from SCSI -\n+00005570: 2069 7420 7369 6d70 6c79 0a63 6f75 6e74 it simply.count\n+00005580: 7320 7468 6520 6472 6976 6520 6e75 6d62 s the drive numb\n+00005590: 6572 7320 6672 6f6d 207a 6572 6f2c 2072 ers from zero, r\n+000055a0: 6567 6172 646c 6573 7320 6f66 2074 6865 egardless of the\n+000055b0: 6972 2074 7970 652e 2020 4e6f 726d 616c ir type. Normal\n+000055c0: 6c79 2c0a 616e 7920 4944 4520 6472 6976 ly,.any IDE driv\n+000055d0: 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 2069 7320 6c65 7373 e number is less\n+000055e0: 2074 6861 6e20 616e 7920 5343 5349 2064 than any SCSI d\n+000055f0: 7269 7665 206e 756d 6265 722c 2061 6c74 rive number, alt\n+00005600: 686f 7567 6820 7468 6174 0a69 7320 6e6f hough that.is no\n+00005610: 7420 7472 7565 2069 6620 796f 7520 6368 t true if you ch\n+00005620: 616e 6765 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 7365 ange the boot se\n+00005630: 7175 656e 6365 2062 7920 7377 6170 7069 quence by swappi\n+00005640: 6e67 2049 4445 2061 6e64 2053 4353 490a ng IDE and SCSI.\n+00005650: 6472 6976 6573 2069 6e20 796f 7572 2042 drives in your B\n+00005660: 494f 532e 0a0a 2020 204e 6f77 2074 6865 IOS... Now the\n+00005670: 2071 7565 7374 696f 6e20 6973 2c20 686f question is, ho\n+00005680: 7720 746f 2073 7065 6369 6679 2061 2066 w to specify a f\n+00005690: 696c 653f 2020 4167 6169 6e2c 2063 6f6e ile? Again, con\n+000056a0: 7369 6465 7220 616e 0a65 7861 6d70 6c65 sider an.example\n+000056b0: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2868 6430 2c6d 7364 :.. (hd0,msd\n+000056c0: 6f73 3129 2f76 6d6c 696e 757a 0a0a 2020 os1)/vmlinuz.. \n+000056d0: 2054 6869 7320 7370 6563 6966 6965 7320 This specifies \n+000056e0: 7468 6520 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6564 20e2 the file named .\n+000056f0: 8098 766d 6c69 6e75 7ae2 8099 2c20 666f ..vmlinuz..., fo\n+00005700: 756e 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 und on the first\n+00005710: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 0a6f 6620 7468 partition.of th\n+00005720: 6520 6669 7273 7420 6861 7264 2064 6973 e first hard dis\n+00005730: 6b20 6472 6976 652e 2020 4e6f 7465 2074 k drive. Note t\n+00005740: 6861 7420 7468 6520 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 hat the argument\n+00005750: 2063 6f6d 706c 6574 696f 6e20 776f 726b completion work\n+00005760: 730a 7769 7468 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 s.with file name\n+00005770: 732c 2074 6f6f 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6174 s, too... That\n+00005780: 2077 6173 2065 6173 792c 2061 646d 6974 was easy, admit\n+00005790: 2069 742e 2020 4e6f 7720 7265 6164 2074 it. Now read t\n+000057a0: 6865 206e 6578 7420 6368 6170 7465 722c he next chapter,\n+000057b0: 2074 6f20 6669 6e64 206f 7574 2068 6f77 to find out how\n+000057c0: 0a74 6f20 6163 7475 616c 6c79 2069 6e73 .to actually ins\n+000057d0: 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 4220 6f6e 2079 6f75 tall GRUB on you\n+000057e0: 7220 6472 6976 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 r drive.....File\n+000057f0: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+00005800: 6465 3a20 4f53 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 de: OS-specific \n+00005810: 6e6f 7465 7320 6162 6f75 7420 6772 7562 notes about grub\n+00005820: 2074 6f6f 6c73 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2049 tools, Next: I\n+00005830: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 5072 nstallation, Pr\n+00005840: 6576 3a20 4e61 6d69 6e67 2063 6f6e 7665 ev: Naming conve\n+00005850: 6e74 696f 6e2c 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a ntion, Up: Top.\n+00005860: 0a33 204f 532d 7370 6563 6966 6963 206e .3 OS-specific n\n+00005870: 6f74 6573 2061 626f 7574 2067 7275 6220 otes about grub \n+00005880: 746f 6f6c 730a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a tools.**********\n 00005890: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-000058a0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-000058b0: 2a2a 0a0a 4f6e 204f 5320 7768 6963 6820 **..On OS which \n-000058c0: 6861 7665 2064 6576 6963 6520 6e6f 6465 have device node\n-000058d0: 7320 7369 6d69 6c61 7220 746f 2055 6e69 s similar to Uni\n-000058e0: 782d 6c69 6b65 204f 5320 4752 5542 2074 x-like OS GRUB t\n-000058f0: 6f6f 6c73 2075 7365 2074 6865 0a4f 5320 ools use the.OS \n-00005900: 6e61 6d65 2e20 2045 2e67 2e20 2066 6f72 name. E.g. for\n-00005910: 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e 7578 3a0a 0a20 2020 GNU/Linux:.. \n-00005920: 2020 2320 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c # grub-install\n-00005930: 202f 6465 762f 7364 610a 0a20 2020 4f6e /dev/sda.. On\n-00005940: 2041 524f 5320 7765 2075 7365 2061 6e6f AROS we use ano\n-00005950: 7468 6572 2073 796e 7461 782e 2020 466f ther syntax. Fo\n-00005960: 7220 766f 6c75 6d65 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 r volumes:.. \n-00005970: 202f 2f3a 3c76 6f6c 756d 6520 6e61 6d65 //:.. E.g... \n-00005990: 202f 2f3a 4448 300a 0a20 2020 466f 7220 //:DH0.. For \n-000059a0: 6469 736b 7320 7765 2075 7365 2073 796e disks we use syn\n-000059b0: 7461 783a 0a20 2020 2020 2f2f 3a3c 6472 tax:. //:/unit/\n-000059d0: 666c 6167 730a 0a20 2020 452e 672e 0a0a flags.. E.g...\n-000059e0: 2020 2020 2023 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 # grub-inst\n-000059f0: 616c 6c20 2f2f 3a61 7461 2e64 6576 6963 all //:ata.devic\n-00005a00: 652f 302f 300a 0a20 2020 4f6e 2057 696e e/0/0.. On Win\n-00005a10: 646f 7773 2077 6520 7573 6520 554e 4320 dows we use UNC \n-00005a20: 7061 7468 2e20 2046 6f72 2076 6f6c 756d path. For volum\n-00005a30: 6573 2069 7427 7320 7479 7069 6361 6c6c es it's typicall\n-00005a40: 790a 0a20 2020 2020 5c5c 3f5c 566f 6c75 y.. \\\\?\\Volu\n-00005a50: 6d65 7b3c 4755 4944 3e7d 0a20 2020 2020 me{}. \n-00005a60: 5c5c 3f5c 3c64 7269 7665 206c 6574 7465 \\\\?\\:.. E.g... \n-00005a80: 2020 205c 5c3f 5c56 6f6c 756d 657b 3137 \\\\?\\Volume{17\n-00005a90: 6633 3464 3530 2d63 6636 342d 3462 3032 f34d50-cf64-4b02\n-00005aa0: 2d38 3030 652d 3531 6437 3963 3361 6132 -800e-51d79c3aa2\n-00005ab0: 6666 7d0a 2020 2020 205c 5c3f 5c43 3a0a ff}. \\\\?\\C:.\n-00005ac0: 0a20 2020 466f 7220 6469 736b 7320 6974 . For disks it\n-00005ad0: 2773 0a0a 2020 2020 205c 5c3f 5c50 6879 's.. \\\\?\\Phy\n-00005ae0: 7369 6361 6c44 7269 7665 3c6e 756d 6265 sicalDrive.. E.g... \n-00005b00: 2020 2320 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c # grub-install\n-00005b10: 205c 5c3f 5c50 6879 7369 6361 6c44 7269 \\\\?\\PhysicalDri\n-00005b20: 7665 300a 0a20 2020 4265 7761 7265 2074 ve0.. Beware t\n-00005b30: 6861 7420 796f 7520 6d61 7920 6e65 6564 hat you may need\n-00005b40: 2074 6f20 6675 7274 6865 7220 6573 6361 to further esca\n-00005b50: 7065 2074 6865 2062 6163 6b73 6c61 7368 pe the backslash\n-00005b60: 6573 2064 6570 656e 6469 6e67 0a6f 6e20 es depending.on \n-00005b70: 796f 7572 2073 6865 6c6c 2e0a 0a20 2020 your shell... \n-00005b80: 5768 656e 2063 6f6d 7069 6c65 6420 7769 When compiled wi\n-00005b90: 7468 2063 7967 7769 6e20 7375 7070 6f72 th cygwin suppor\n-00005ba0: 7420 7468 656e 2063 7967 7769 6e20 6472 t then cygwin dr\n-00005bb0: 6976 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 6172 650a 6175 ive names are.au\n-00005bc0: 746f 6d61 7469 6361 6c6c 7920 7768 656e tomatically when\n-00005bd0: 206e 6565 6465 642e 2020 452e 672e 0a0a needed. E.g...\n-00005be0: 2020 2020 2023 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 # grub-inst\n-00005bf0: 616c 6c20 2f64 6576 2f73 6461 0a0a 1f0a all /dev/sda....\n-00005c00: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-00005c10: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e 7374 616c 6c61 Node: Installa\n-00005c20: 7469 6f6e 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2042 6f6f tion, Next: Boo\n-00005c30: 7469 6e67 2c20 2050 7265 763a 204f 532d ting, Prev: OS-\n-00005c40: 7370 6563 6966 6963 206e 6f74 6573 2061 specific notes a\n-00005c50: 626f 7574 2067 7275 6220 746f 6f6c 732c bout grub tools,\n-00005c60: 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a34 2049 6e73 Up: Top..4 Ins\n-00005c70: 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e0a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a tallation.******\n-00005c80: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 496e 206f 7264 ********..In ord\n-00005c90: 6572 2074 6f20 696e 7374 616c 6c20 4752 er to install GR\n-00005ca0: 5542 2061 7320 796f 7572 2062 6f6f 7420 UB as your boot \n-00005cb0: 6c6f 6164 6572 2c20 796f 7520 6e65 6564 loader, you need\n-00005cc0: 2074 6f20 6669 7273 7420 696e 7374 616c to first instal\n-00005cd0: 6c0a 7468 6520 4752 5542 2073 7973 7465 l.the GRUB syste\n-00005ce0: 6d20 616e 6420 7574 696c 6974 6965 7320 m and utilities \n-00005cf0: 756e 6465 7220 796f 7572 2055 4e49 582d under your UNIX-\n-00005d00: 6c69 6b65 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 like operating s\n-00005d10: 7973 7465 6d0a 282a 6e6f 7465 204f 6274 ystem.(*note Obt\n-00005d20: 6169 6e69 6e67 2061 6e64 2042 7569 6c64 aining and Build\n-00005d30: 696e 6720 4752 5542 3a3a 292e 2020 596f ing GRUB::). Yo\n-00005d40: 7520 6361 6e20 646f 2074 6869 7320 6569 u can do this ei\n-00005d50: 7468 6572 2066 726f 6d20 7468 650a 736f ther from the.so\n-00005d60: 7572 6365 2074 6172 6261 6c6c 2c20 6f72 urce tarball, or\n-00005d70: 2061 7320 6120 7061 636b 6167 6520 666f as a package fo\n-00005d80: 7220 796f 7572 204f 532e 0a0a 2020 2041 r your OS... A\n-00005d90: 6674 6572 2079 6f75 2068 6176 6520 646f fter you have do\n-00005da0: 6e65 2074 6861 742c 2079 6f75 206e 6565 ne that, you nee\n-00005db0: 6420 746f 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2074 6865 d to install the\n-00005dc0: 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 206f 6e20 boot loader on \n-00005dd0: 610a 6472 6976 6520 2866 6c6f 7070 7920 a.drive (floppy \n-00005de0: 6f72 2068 6172 6420 6469 736b 2920 6279 or hard disk) by\n-00005df0: 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 2075 7469 6c69 using the utili\n-00005e00: 7479 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 ty ...grub-insta\n-00005e10: 6c6c e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 0a49 6e76 ll... (*note.Inv\n-00005e20: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 oking grub-insta\n-00005e30: 6c6c 3a3a 2920 6f6e 2061 2055 4e49 582d ll::) on a UNIX-\n-00005e40: 6c69 6b65 204f 532e 0a0a 2020 2047 5255 like OS... GRU\n-00005e50: 4220 636f 6d65 7320 7769 7468 2062 6f6f B comes with boo\n-00005e60: 7420 696d 6167 6573 2c20 7768 6963 6820 t images, which \n-00005e70: 6172 6520 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2070 7574 are normally put\n-00005e80: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 in the director\n-00005e90: 790a e280 982f 7573 722f 6c69 622f 6772 y..../usr/lib/gr\n-00005ea0: 7562 2f3c 6370 753e 2d3c 706c 6174 666f ub/-... (for BIOS\n-00005ec0: 2d62 6173 6564 206d 6163 6869 6e65 730a -based machines.\n-00005ed0: e280 982f 7573 722f 6c69 622f 6772 7562 .../usr/lib/grub\n-00005ee0: 2f69 3338 362d 7063 e280 9929 2e20 2048 /i386-pc...). H\n-00005ef0: 6572 6561 6674 6572 2c20 7468 6520 6469 ereafter, the di\n-00005f00: 7265 6374 6f72 7920 7768 6572 6520 4752 rectory where GR\n-00005f10: 5542 2069 6d61 6765 730a 6172 6520 696e UB images.are in\n-00005f20: 6974 6961 6c6c 7920 706c 6163 6564 2028 itially placed (\n-00005f30: 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 normally .../usr\n-00005f40: 2f6c 6962 2f67 7275 622f 3c63 7075 3e2d /lib/grub/-\n-00005f50: 3c70 6c61 7466 6f72 6d3e e280 9929 2077 ...) w\n-00005f60: 696c 6c20 6265 0a63 616c 6c65 6420 7468 ill be.called th\n-00005f70: 6520 e280 9c69 6d61 6765 2064 6972 6563 e ...image direc\n-00005f80: 746f 7279 e280 9d2c 2061 6e64 2074 6865 tory..., and the\n-00005f90: 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2077 6865 7265 directory where\n-00005fa0: 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 the boot loader\n-00005fb0: 0a6e 6565 6473 2074 6f20 6669 6e64 2074 .needs to find t\n-00005fc0: 6865 6d20 2875 7375 616c 6c79 20e2 8098 hem (usually ...\n-00005fd0: 2f62 6f6f 74e2 8099 2920 7769 6c6c 2062 /boot...) will b\n-00005fe0: 6520 6361 6c6c 6564 2074 6865 20e2 809c e called the ...\n-00005ff0: 626f 6f74 0a64 6972 6563 746f 7279 e280 boot.directory..\n-00006000: 9d2e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2049 ....* Menu:..* I\n-00006010: 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e 6720 4752 5542 2075 nstalling GRUB u\n-00006020: 7369 6e67 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c sing grub-instal\n-00006030: 6c3a 3a0a 2a20 4d61 6b69 6e67 2061 2047 l::.* Making a G\n-00006040: 5255 4220 626f 6f74 6162 6c65 2043 442d RUB bootable CD-\n-00006050: 524f 4d3a 3a0a 2a20 4465 7669 6365 206d ROM::.* Device m\n-00006060: 6170 3a3a 0a2a 2042 494f 5320 696e 7374 ap::.* BIOS inst\n-00006070: 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 3a3a 0a0a 1f0a 4669 allation::....Fi\n-00006080: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-00006090: 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 Node: Installing\n-000060a0: 2047 5255 4220 7573 696e 6720 6772 7562 GRUB using grub\n-000060b0: 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 2c20 204e 6578 743a -install, Next:\n-000060c0: 204d 616b 696e 6720 6120 4752 5542 2062 Making a GRUB b\n-000060d0: 6f6f 7461 626c 6520 4344 2d52 4f4d 2c20 ootable CD-ROM, \n-000060e0: 2055 703a 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f Up: Installatio\n-000060f0: 6e0a 0a34 2e31 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e n..4.1 Installin\n-00006100: 6720 4752 5542 2075 7369 6e67 2067 7275 g GRUB using gru\n-00006110: 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c0a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d b-install.======\n+000058a0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 4f6e 204f **********..On O\n+000058b0: 5320 7768 6963 6820 6861 7665 2064 6576 S which have dev\n+000058c0: 6963 6520 6e6f 6465 7320 7369 6d69 6c61 ice nodes simila\n+000058d0: 7220 746f 2055 6e69 782d 6c69 6b65 204f r to Unix-like O\n+000058e0: 5320 4752 5542 2074 6f6f 6c73 2075 7365 S GRUB tools use\n+000058f0: 2074 6865 0a4f 5320 6e61 6d65 2e20 2045 the.OS name. E\n+00005900: 2e67 2e20 2066 6f72 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e .g. for GNU/Lin\n+00005910: 7578 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2320 6772 7562 ux:.. # grub\n+00005920: 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 202f 6465 762f 7364 -install /dev/sd\n+00005930: 610a 0a20 2020 4f6e 2041 524f 5320 7765 a.. On AROS we\n+00005940: 2075 7365 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 2073 796e use another syn\n+00005950: 7461 782e 2020 466f 7220 766f 6c75 6d65 tax. For volume\n+00005960: 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 202f 2f3a 3c76 6f6c s:.. //:.. E.\n+00005980: 672e 0a0a 2020 2020 202f 2f3a 4448 300a g... //:DH0.\n+00005990: 0a20 2020 466f 7220 6469 736b 7320 7765 . For disks we\n+000059a0: 2075 7365 2073 796e 7461 783a 0a20 2020 use syntax:. \n+000059b0: 2020 2f2f 3a3c 6472 6976 6572 206e 616d //:/unit/flags.. \n+000059d0: 2020 452e 672e 0a0a 2020 2020 2023 2067 E.g... # g\n+000059e0: 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c20 2f2f 3a61 rub-install //:a\n+000059f0: 7461 2e64 6576 6963 652f 302f 300a 0a20 ta.device/0/0.. \n+00005a00: 2020 4f6e 2057 696e 646f 7773 2077 6520 On Windows we \n+00005a10: 7573 6520 554e 4320 7061 7468 2e20 2046 use UNC path. F\n+00005a20: 6f72 2076 6f6c 756d 6573 2069 7427 7320 or volumes it's \n+00005a30: 7479 7069 6361 6c6c 790a 0a20 2020 2020 typically.. \n+00005a40: 5c5c 3f5c 566f 6c75 6d65 7b3c 4755 4944 \\\\?\\Volume{}. \\\\?\\:.. \n+00005a70: 452e 672e 0a0a 2020 2020 205c 5c3f 5c56 E.g... \\\\?\\V\n+00005a80: 6f6c 756d 657b 3137 6633 3464 3530 2d63 olume{17f34d50-c\n+00005a90: 6636 342d 3462 3032 2d38 3030 652d 3531 f64-4b02-800e-51\n+00005aa0: 6437 3963 3361 6132 6666 7d0a 2020 2020 d79c3aa2ff}. \n+00005ab0: 205c 5c3f 5c43 3a0a 0a20 2020 466f 7220 \\\\?\\C:.. For \n+00005ac0: 6469 736b 7320 6974 2773 0a0a 2020 2020 disks it's.. \n+00005ad0: 205c 5c3f 5c50 6879 7369 6361 6c44 7269 \\\\?\\PhysicalDri\n+00005ae0: 7665 3c6e 756d 6265 723e 0a0a 2020 2045 ve.. E\n+00005af0: 2e67 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2320 6772 7562 .g... # grub\n+00005b00: 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 205c 5c3f 5c50 6879 -install \\\\?\\Phy\n+00005b10: 7369 6361 6c44 7269 7665 300a 0a20 2020 sicalDrive0.. \n+00005b20: 4265 7761 7265 2074 6861 7420 796f 7520 Beware that you \n+00005b30: 6d61 7920 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 6675 7274 may need to furt\n+00005b40: 6865 7220 6573 6361 7065 2074 6865 2062 her escape the b\n+00005b50: 6163 6b73 6c61 7368 6573 2064 6570 656e ackslashes depen\n+00005b60: 6469 6e67 0a6f 6e20 796f 7572 2073 6865 ding.on your she\n+00005b70: 6c6c 2e0a 0a20 2020 5768 656e 2063 6f6d ll... When com\n+00005b80: 7069 6c65 6420 7769 7468 2063 7967 7769 piled with cygwi\n+00005b90: 6e20 7375 7070 6f72 7420 7468 656e 2063 n support then c\n+00005ba0: 7967 7769 6e20 6472 6976 6520 6e61 6d65 ygwin drive name\n+00005bb0: 7320 6172 650a 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6361 s are.automatica\n+00005bc0: 6c6c 7920 7768 656e 206e 6565 6465 642e lly when needed.\n+00005bd0: 2020 452e 672e 0a0a 2020 2020 2023 2067 E.g... # g\n+00005be0: 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c20 2f64 6576 rub-install /dev\n+00005bf0: 2f73 6461 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 /sda....File: gr\n+00005c00: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+00005c10: 496e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 2c20 204e Installation, N\n+00005c20: 6578 743a 2042 6f6f 7469 6e67 2c20 2050 ext: Booting, P\n+00005c30: 7265 763a 204f 532d 7370 6563 6966 6963 rev: OS-specific\n+00005c40: 206e 6f74 6573 2061 626f 7574 2067 7275 notes about gru\n+00005c50: 6220 746f 6f6c 732c 2020 5570 3a20 546f b tools, Up: To\n+00005c60: 700a 0a34 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f p..4 Installatio\n+00005c70: 6e0a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a n.**************\n+00005c80: 0a0a 496e 206f 7264 6572 2074 6f20 696e ..In order to in\n+00005c90: 7374 616c 6c20 4752 5542 2061 7320 796f stall GRUB as yo\n+00005ca0: 7572 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2c20 ur boot loader, \n+00005cb0: 796f 7520 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 6669 7273 you need to firs\n+00005cc0: 7420 696e 7374 616c 6c0a 7468 6520 4752 t install.the GR\n+00005cd0: 5542 2073 7973 7465 6d20 616e 6420 7574 UB system and ut\n+00005ce0: 696c 6974 6965 7320 756e 6465 7220 796f ilities under yo\n+00005cf0: 7572 2055 4e49 582d 6c69 6b65 206f 7065 ur UNIX-like ope\n+00005d00: 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d0a 282a rating system.(*\n+00005d10: 6e6f 7465 204f 6274 6169 6e69 6e67 2061 note Obtaining a\n+00005d20: 6e64 2042 7569 6c64 696e 6720 4752 5542 nd Building GRUB\n+00005d30: 3a3a 292e 2020 596f 7520 6361 6e20 646f ::). You can do\n+00005d40: 2074 6869 7320 6569 7468 6572 2066 726f this either fro\n+00005d50: 6d20 7468 650a 736f 7572 6365 2074 6172 m the.source tar\n+00005d60: 6261 6c6c 2c20 6f72 2061 7320 6120 7061 ball, or as a pa\n+00005d70: 636b 6167 6520 666f 7220 796f 7572 204f ckage for your O\n+00005d80: 532e 0a0a 2020 2041 6674 6572 2079 6f75 S... After you\n+00005d90: 2068 6176 6520 646f 6e65 2074 6861 742c have done that,\n+00005da0: 2079 6f75 206e 6565 6420 746f 2069 6e73 you need to ins\n+00005db0: 7461 6c6c 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f tall the boot lo\n+00005dc0: 6164 6572 206f 6e20 610a 6472 6976 6520 ader on a.drive \n+00005dd0: 2866 6c6f 7070 7920 6f72 2068 6172 6420 (floppy or hard \n+00005de0: 6469 736b 2920 6279 2075 7369 6e67 2074 disk) by using t\n+00005df0: 6865 2075 7469 6c69 7479 20e2 8098 6772 he utility ...gr\n+00005e00: 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c e280 9920 282a ub-install... (*\n+00005e10: 6e6f 7465 0a49 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 note.Invoking gr\n+00005e20: 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 3a3a 2920 6f6e ub-install::) on\n+00005e30: 2061 2055 4e49 582d 6c69 6b65 204f 532e a UNIX-like OS.\n+00005e40: 0a0a 2020 2047 5255 4220 636f 6d65 7320 .. GRUB comes \n+00005e50: 7769 7468 2062 6f6f 7420 696d 6167 6573 with boot images\n+00005e60: 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6172 6520 6e6f 726d , which are norm\n+00005e70: 616c 6c79 2070 7574 2069 6e20 7468 6520 ally put in the \n+00005e80: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 790a e280 982f 7573 directory..../us\n+00005e90: 722f 6c69 622f 6772 7562 2f3c 6370 753e r/lib/grub/\n+00005ea0: 2d3c 706c 6174 666f 726d 3ee2 8099 2028 -... (\n+00005eb0: 666f 7220 4249 4f53 2d62 6173 6564 206d for BIOS-based m\n+00005ec0: 6163 6869 6e65 730a e280 982f 7573 722f achines..../usr/\n+00005ed0: 6c69 622f 6772 7562 2f69 3338 362d 7063 lib/grub/i386-pc\n+00005ee0: e280 9929 2e20 2048 6572 6561 6674 6572 ...). Hereafter\n+00005ef0: 2c20 7468 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 , the directory \n+00005f00: 7768 6572 6520 4752 5542 2069 6d61 6765 where GRUB image\n+00005f10: 730a 6172 6520 696e 6974 6961 6c6c 7920 s.are initially \n+00005f20: 706c 6163 6564 2028 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 placed (normally\n+00005f30: 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 2f6c 6962 2f67 7275 .../usr/lib/gru\n+00005f40: 622f 3c63 7075 3e2d 3c70 6c61 7466 6f72 b/-...) will be.c\n+00005f60: 616c 6c65 6420 7468 6520 e280 9c69 6d61 alled the ...ima\n+00005f70: 6765 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 e280 9d2c ge directory...,\n+00005f80: 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2064 6972 6563 746f and the directo\n+00005f90: 7279 2077 6865 7265 2074 6865 2062 6f6f ry where the boo\n+00005fa0: 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 0a6e 6565 6473 2074 t loader.needs t\n+00005fb0: 6f20 6669 6e64 2074 6865 6d20 2875 7375 o find them (usu\n+00005fc0: 616c 6c79 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 74e2 8099 ally .../boot...\n+00005fd0: 2920 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6361 6c6c 6564 ) will be called\n+00005fe0: 2074 6865 20e2 809c 626f 6f74 0a64 6972 the ...boot.dir\n+00005ff0: 6563 746f 7279 e280 9d2e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 ectory......* Me\n+00006000: 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e nu:..* Installin\n+00006010: 6720 4752 5542 2075 7369 6e67 2067 7275 g GRUB using gru\n+00006020: 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c3a 3a0a 2a20 4d61 b-install::.* Ma\n+00006030: 6b69 6e67 2061 2047 5255 4220 626f 6f74 king a GRUB boot\n+00006040: 6162 6c65 2043 442d 524f 4d3a 3a0a 2a20 able CD-ROM::.* \n+00006050: 4465 7669 6365 206d 6170 3a3a 0a2a 2042 Device map::.* B\n+00006060: 494f 5320 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e IOS installation\n+00006070: 3a3a 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 ::....File: grub\n+00006080: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e .info, Node: In\n+00006090: 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 2047 5255 4220 7573 stalling GRUB us\n+000060a0: 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c ing grub-install\n+000060b0: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 204d 616b 696e 6720 , Next: Making \n+000060c0: 6120 4752 5542 2062 6f6f 7461 626c 6520 a GRUB bootable \n+000060d0: 4344 2d52 4f4d 2c20 2055 703a 2049 6e73 CD-ROM, Up: Ins\n+000060e0: 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e0a 0a34 2e31 2049 tallation..4.1 I\n+000060f0: 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e 6720 4752 5542 2075 nstalling GRUB u\n+00006100: 7369 6e67 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c sing grub-instal\n+00006110: 6c0a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d l.==============\n 00006120: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00006130: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00006140: 0a0a 466f 7220 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f ..For informatio\n-00006150: 6e20 6f6e 2077 6865 7265 2047 5255 4220 n on where GRUB \n-00006160: 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 696e 7374 616c should be instal\n-00006170: 6c65 6420 6f6e 2050 4320 4249 4f53 2070 led on PC BIOS p\n-00006180: 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2c0a 2a6e 6f74 6520 latforms,.*note \n-00006190: 4249 4f53 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f BIOS installatio\n-000061a0: 6e3a 3a2e 0a0a 2020 2049 6e20 6f72 6465 n::... In orde\n-000061b0: 7220 746f 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 r to install GRU\n-000061c0: 4220 756e 6465 7220 6120 554e 4958 2d6c B under a UNIX-l\n-000061d0: 696b 6520 4f53 2028 7375 6368 2061 7320 ike OS (such as \n-000061e0: 474e 5529 2c20 696e 766f 6b65 0a74 6865 GNU), invoke.the\n-000061f0: 2070 726f 6772 616d 20e2 8098 6772 7562 program ...grub\n-00006200: 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c e280 9920 282a 6e6f -install... (*no\n-00006210: 7465 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 te Invoking grub\n-00006220: 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 3a3a 2920 6173 2074 -install::) as t\n-00006230: 6865 0a73 7570 6572 7573 6572 2028 e280 he.superuser (..\n-00006240: 9c72 6f6f 74e2 809d 292e 0a0a 2020 2054 .root...)... T\n-00006250: 6865 2075 7361 6765 2069 7320 6261 7369 he usage is basi\n-00006260: 6361 6c6c 7920 7665 7279 2073 696d 706c cally very simpl\n-00006270: 652e 2020 596f 7520 6f6e 6c79 206e 6565 e. You only nee\n-00006280: 6420 746f 2073 7065 6369 6679 206f 6e65 d to specify one\n-00006290: 0a61 7267 756d 656e 7420 746f 2074 6865 .argument to the\n-000062a0: 2070 726f 6772 616d 2c20 6e61 6d65 6c79 program, namely\n-000062b0: 2c20 7768 6572 6520 746f 2069 6e73 7461 , where to insta\n-000062c0: 6c6c 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 ll the boot load\n-000062d0: 6572 2e20 2054 6865 0a61 7267 756d 656e er. The.argumen\n-000062e0: 7420 6861 7320 746f 2062 6520 6569 7468 t has to be eith\n-000062f0: 6572 2061 2064 6576 6963 6520 6669 6c65 er a device file\n-00006300: 2028 6c69 6b65 20e2 8098 2f64 6576 2f68 (like .../dev/h\n-00006310: 6461 e280 9929 2e20 2046 6f72 2065 7861 da...). For exa\n-00006320: 6d70 6c65 2c0a 756e 6465 7220 4c69 6e75 mple,.under Linu\n-00006330: 7820 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 x the following \n-00006340: 7769 6c6c 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 will install GRU\n-00006350: 4220 696e 746f 2074 6865 204d 4252 206f B into the MBR o\n-00006360: 6620 7468 6520 6669 7273 740a 4944 4520 f the first.IDE \n-00006370: 6469 736b 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2320 6772 disk:.. # gr\n-00006380: 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 202f 6465 762f ub-install /dev/\n-00006390: 7364 610a 0a20 2020 4c69 6b65 7769 7365 sda.. Likewise\n-000063a0: 2c20 756e 6465 7220 474e 552f 4875 7264 , under GNU/Hurd\n-000063b0: 2c20 7468 6973 2068 6173 2074 6865 2073 , this has the s\n-000063c0: 616d 6520 6566 6665 6374 3a0a 0a20 2020 ame effect:.. \n-000063d0: 2020 2320 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c # grub-install\n-000063e0: 202f 6465 762f 6864 300a 0a20 2020 4275 /dev/hd0.. Bu\n-000063f0: 7420 616c 6c20 7468 6520 6162 6f76 6520 t all the above \n-00006400: 6578 616d 706c 6573 2061 7373 756d 6520 examples assume \n-00006410: 7468 6174 2047 5255 4220 7368 6f75 6c64 that GRUB should\n-00006420: 2070 7574 2069 6d61 6765 7320 756e 6465 put images unde\n-00006430: 720a 7468 6520 e280 982f 626f 6f74 e280 r.the .../boot..\n-00006440: 9920 6469 7265 6374 6f72 792e 2020 4966 . directory. If\n-00006450: 2079 6f75 2077 616e 7420 4752 5542 2074 you want GRUB t\n-00006460: 6f20 7075 7420 696d 6167 6573 2075 6e64 o put images und\n-00006470: 6572 2061 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 0a6f er a directory.o\n-00006480: 7468 6572 2074 6861 6e20 e280 982f 626f ther than .../bo\n-00006490: 6f74 e280 992c 2079 6f75 206e 6565 6420 ot..., you need \n-000064a0: 746f 2073 7065 6369 6679 2074 6865 206f to specify the o\n-000064b0: 7074 696f 6e20 e280 982d 2d62 6f6f 742d ption ...--boot-\n-000064c0: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 79e2 8099 2e0a 5468 directory.....Th\n-000064d0: 6520 7479 7069 6361 6c20 7573 6167 6520 e typical usage \n-000064e0: 6973 2074 6861 7420 796f 7520 6372 6561 is that you crea\n-000064f0: 7465 2061 2047 5255 4220 626f 6f74 2066 te a GRUB boot f\n-00006500: 6c6f 7070 7920 7769 7468 2061 0a66 696c loppy with a.fil\n-00006510: 6573 7973 7465 6d2e 2020 4865 7265 2069 esystem. Here i\n-00006520: 7320 616e 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 3a0a 0a20 s an example:.. \n-00006530: 2020 2020 2320 6d6b 6532 6673 202f 6465 # mke2fs /de\n-00006540: 762f 6664 300a 2020 2020 2023 206d 6f75 v/fd0. # mou\n-00006550: 6e74 202d 7420 6578 7432 202f 6465 762f nt -t ext2 /dev/\n-00006560: 6664 3020 2f6d 6e74 0a20 2020 2020 2320 fd0 /mnt. # \n-00006570: 6d6b 6469 7220 2f6d 6e74 2f62 6f6f 740a mkdir /mnt/boot.\n-00006580: 2020 2020 2023 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 # grub-inst\n-00006590: 616c 6c20 2d2d 626f 6f74 2d64 6972 6563 all --boot-direc\n-000065a0: 746f 7279 3d2f 6d6e 742f 626f 6f74 202f tory=/mnt/boot /\n-000065b0: 6465 762f 6664 300a 2020 2020 2023 2075 dev/fd0. # u\n-000065c0: 6d6f 756e 7420 2f6d 6e74 0a0a 2020 2053 mount /mnt.. S\n-000065d0: 6f6d 6520 4249 4f53 6573 2068 6176 6520 ome BIOSes have \n-000065e0: 6120 6275 6720 6f66 2065 7870 6f73 696e a bug of exposin\n-000065f0: 6720 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 7061 7274 g the first part\n-00006600: 6974 696f 6e20 6f66 2061 2055 5342 2064 ition of a USB d\n-00006610: 7269 7665 0a61 7320 6120 666c 6f70 7079 rive.as a floppy\n-00006620: 2069 6e73 7465 6164 206f 6620 6578 706f instead of expo\n-00006630: 7369 6e67 2074 6865 2055 5342 2064 7269 sing the USB dri\n-00006640: 7665 2061 7320 6120 6861 7264 2064 6973 ve as a hard dis\n-00006650: 6b20 2874 6865 7920 6361 6c6c 0a69 7420 k (they call.it \n-00006660: 2255 5342 2d46 4444 2220 626f 6f74 292e \"USB-FDD\" boot).\n-00006670: 2020 496e 2073 7563 6820 6361 7365 732c In such cases,\n-00006680: 2079 6f75 206e 6565 6420 746f 2069 6e73 you need to ins\n-00006690: 7461 6c6c 206c 696b 6520 7468 6973 3a0a tall like this:.\n-000066a0: 0a20 2020 2020 2320 6c6f 7365 7475 7020 . # losetup \n-000066b0: 2f64 6576 2f6c 6f6f 7030 202f 6465 762f /dev/loop0 /dev/\n-000066c0: 7364 6231 0a20 2020 2020 2320 6d6f 756e sdb1. # moun\n-000066d0: 7420 2f64 6576 2f6c 6f6f 7030 202f 6d6e t /dev/loop0 /mn\n-000066e0: 742f 7573 620a 2020 2020 2023 2067 7275 t/usb. # gru\n-000066f0: 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c20 2d2d 626f 6f74 b-install --boot\n-00006700: 2d64 6972 6563 746f 7279 3d2f 6d6e 742f -directory=/mnt/\n-00006710: 7573 622f 6275 6762 696f 7320 2d2d 666f usb/bugbios --fo\n-00006720: 7263 6520 2d2d 616c 6c6f 772d 666c 6f70 rce --allow-flop\n-00006730: 7079 202f 6465 762f 6c6f 6f70 300a 0a20 py /dev/loop0.. \n-00006740: 2020 5468 6973 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2064 This install d\n-00006750: 6f65 736e 2774 2063 6f6e 666c 6963 7420 oesn't conflict \n-00006760: 7769 7468 2073 7461 6e64 6172 6420 696e with standard in\n-00006770: 7374 616c 6c20 6173 206c 6f6e 6720 6173 stall as long as\n-00006780: 2074 6865 790a 6172 6520 696e 2073 6570 they.are in sep\n-00006790: 6172 6174 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 6965 arate directorie\n-000067a0: 732e 0a0a 2020 204f 6e20 4546 4920 7379 s... On EFI sy\n-000067b0: 7374 656d 7320 666f 7220 6669 7865 6420 stems for fixed \n-000067c0: 6469 736b 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2079 6f75 disk install you\n-000067d0: 2068 6176 6520 746f 206d 6f75 6e74 2045 have to mount E\n-000067e0: 4649 2053 7973 7465 6d0a 5061 7274 6974 FI System.Partit\n-000067f0: 696f 6e2e 2020 4966 2079 6f75 206d 6f75 ion. If you mou\n-00006800: 6e74 2069 7420 6174 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f nt it at .../boo\n-00006810: 742f 6566 69e2 8099 2074 6865 6e20 796f t/efi... then yo\n-00006820: 7520 646f 6e27 7420 6e65 6564 2061 6e79 u don't need any\n-00006830: 0a73 7065 6369 616c 2061 7267 756d 656e .special argumen\n-00006840: 7473 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2320 6772 7562 ts:.. # grub\n-00006850: 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 0a0a 2020 204f 7468 -install.. Oth\n-00006860: 6572 7769 7365 2079 6f75 206e 6565 6420 erwise you need \n-00006870: 746f 2073 7065 6369 6679 2077 6865 7265 to specify where\n-00006880: 2079 6f75 7220 4546 4920 5379 7374 656d your EFI System\n-00006890: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2069 730a 6d6f partition is.mo\n-000068a0: 756e 7465 643a 0a0a 2020 2020 2023 2067 unted:.. # g\n-000068b0: 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c20 2d2d 6566 rub-install --ef\n-000068c0: 692d 6469 7265 6374 6f72 793d 2f6d 6e74 i-directory=/mnt\n-000068d0: 2f65 6669 0a0a 2020 2046 6f72 2072 656d /efi.. For rem\n-000068e0: 6f76 6162 6c65 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 7320 ovable installs \n-000068f0: 796f 7520 6861 7665 2074 6f20 7573 6520 you have to use \n-00006900: e280 982d 2d72 656d 6f76 6162 6c65 e280 ...--removable..\n-00006910: 9920 616e 6420 7370 6563 6966 7920 626f . and specify bo\n-00006920: 7468 0ae2 8098 2d2d 626f 6f74 2d64 6972 th....--boot-dir\n-00006930: 6563 746f 7279 e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 ectory... and ..\n-00006940: 982d 2d65 6669 2d64 6972 6563 746f 7279 .--efi-directory\n-00006950: e280 993a 0a0a 2020 2020 2023 2067 7275 ...:.. # gru\n-00006960: 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c20 2d2d 6566 692d b-install --efi-\n-00006970: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 793d 2f6d 6e74 2f75 directory=/mnt/u\n-00006980: 7362 202d 2d62 6f6f 742d 6469 7265 6374 sb --boot-direct\n-00006990: 6f72 793d 2f6d 6e74 2f75 7362 2f62 6f6f ory=/mnt/usb/boo\n-000069a0: 7420 2d2d 7265 6d6f 7661 626c 650a 0a1f t --removable...\n-000069b0: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-000069c0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204d 616b 696e 6720 , Node: Making \n-000069d0: 6120 4752 5542 2062 6f6f 7461 626c 6520 a GRUB bootable \n-000069e0: 4344 2d52 4f4d 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2044 CD-ROM, Next: D\n-000069f0: 6576 6963 6520 6d61 702c 2020 5072 6576 evice map, Prev\n-00006a00: 3a20 496e 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 2047 5255 : Installing GRU\n-00006a10: 4220 7573 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 B using grub-ins\n-00006a20: 7461 6c6c 2c20 2055 703a 2049 6e73 7461 tall, Up: Insta\n-00006a30: 6c6c 6174 696f 6e0a 0a34 2e32 204d 616b llation..4.2 Mak\n-00006a40: 696e 6720 6120 4752 5542 2062 6f6f 7461 ing a GRUB boota\n-00006a50: 626c 6520 4344 2d52 4f4d 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d ble CD-ROM.=====\n+00006130: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 466f 7220 696e ========..For in\n+00006140: 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 6f6e 2077 6865 formation on whe\n+00006150: 7265 2047 5255 4220 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 re GRUB should b\n+00006160: 6520 696e 7374 616c 6c65 6420 6f6e 2050 e installed on P\n+00006170: 4320 4249 4f53 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 C BIOS platforms\n+00006180: 2c0a 2a6e 6f74 6520 4249 4f53 2069 6e73 ,.*note BIOS ins\n+00006190: 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e3a 3a2e 0a0a 2020 tallation::... \n+000061a0: 2049 6e20 6f72 6465 7220 746f 2069 6e73 In order to ins\n+000061b0: 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 4220 756e 6465 7220 tall GRUB under \n+000061c0: 6120 554e 4958 2d6c 696b 6520 4f53 2028 a UNIX-like OS (\n+000061d0: 7375 6368 2061 7320 474e 5529 2c20 696e such as GNU), in\n+000061e0: 766f 6b65 0a74 6865 2070 726f 6772 616d voke.the program\n+000061f0: 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c ...grub-install\n+00006200: e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2049 6e76 6f6b ... (*note Invok\n+00006210: 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c ing grub-install\n+00006220: 3a3a 2920 6173 2074 6865 0a73 7570 6572 ::) as the.super\n+00006230: 7573 6572 2028 e280 9c72 6f6f 74e2 809d user (...root...\n+00006240: 292e 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 2075 7361 6765 )... The usage\n+00006250: 2069 7320 6261 7369 6361 6c6c 7920 7665 is basically ve\n+00006260: 7279 2073 696d 706c 652e 2020 596f 7520 ry simple. You \n+00006270: 6f6e 6c79 206e 6565 6420 746f 2073 7065 only need to spe\n+00006280: 6369 6679 206f 6e65 0a61 7267 756d 656e cify one.argumen\n+00006290: 7420 746f 2074 6865 2070 726f 6772 616d t to the program\n+000062a0: 2c20 6e61 6d65 6c79 2c20 7768 6572 6520 , namely, where \n+000062b0: 746f 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2074 6865 2062 to install the b\n+000062c0: 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2e20 2054 6865 oot loader. The\n+000062d0: 0a61 7267 756d 656e 7420 6861 7320 746f .argument has to\n+000062e0: 2062 6520 6569 7468 6572 2061 2064 6576 be either a dev\n+000062f0: 6963 6520 6669 6c65 2028 6c69 6b65 20e2 ice file (like .\n+00006300: 8098 2f64 6576 2f68 6461 e280 9929 2e20 ../dev/hda...). \n+00006310: 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c0a 756e For example,.un\n+00006320: 6465 7220 4c69 6e75 7820 7468 6520 666f der Linux the fo\n+00006330: 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 7769 6c6c 2069 6e73 llowing will ins\n+00006340: 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 4220 696e 746f 2074 tall GRUB into t\n+00006350: 6865 204d 4252 206f 6620 7468 6520 6669 he MBR of the fi\n+00006360: 7273 740a 4944 4520 6469 736b 3a0a 0a20 rst.IDE disk:.. \n+00006370: 2020 2020 2320 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 # grub-insta\n+00006380: 6c6c 202f 6465 762f 7364 610a 0a20 2020 ll /dev/sda.. \n+00006390: 4c69 6b65 7769 7365 2c20 756e 6465 7220 Likewise, under \n+000063a0: 474e 552f 4875 7264 2c20 7468 6973 2068 GNU/Hurd, this h\n+000063b0: 6173 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6566 6665 as the same effe\n+000063c0: 6374 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2320 6772 7562 ct:.. # grub\n+000063d0: 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 202f 6465 762f 6864 -install /dev/hd\n+000063e0: 300a 0a20 2020 4275 7420 616c 6c20 7468 0.. But all th\n+000063f0: 6520 6162 6f76 6520 6578 616d 706c 6573 e above examples\n+00006400: 2061 7373 756d 6520 7468 6174 2047 5255 assume that GRU\n+00006410: 4220 7368 6f75 6c64 2070 7574 2069 6d61 B should put ima\n+00006420: 6765 7320 756e 6465 720a 7468 6520 e280 ges under.the ..\n+00006430: 982f 626f 6f74 e280 9920 6469 7265 6374 ./boot... direct\n+00006440: 6f72 792e 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2077 616e ory. If you wan\n+00006450: 7420 4752 5542 2074 6f20 7075 7420 696d t GRUB to put im\n+00006460: 6167 6573 2075 6e64 6572 2061 2064 6972 ages under a dir\n+00006470: 6563 746f 7279 0a6f 7468 6572 2074 6861 ectory.other tha\n+00006480: 6e20 e280 982f 626f 6f74 e280 992c 2079 n .../boot..., y\n+00006490: 6f75 206e 6565 6420 746f 2073 7065 6369 ou need to speci\n+000064a0: 6679 2074 6865 206f 7074 696f 6e20 e280 fy the option ..\n+000064b0: 982d 2d62 6f6f 742d 6469 7265 6374 6f72 .--boot-director\n+000064c0: 79e2 8099 2e0a 5468 6520 7479 7069 6361 y.....The typica\n+000064d0: 6c20 7573 6167 6520 6973 2074 6861 7420 l usage is that \n+000064e0: 796f 7520 6372 6561 7465 2061 2047 5255 you create a GRU\n+000064f0: 4220 626f 6f74 2066 6c6f 7070 7920 7769 B boot floppy wi\n+00006500: 7468 2061 0a66 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d2e th a.filesystem.\n+00006510: 2020 4865 7265 2069 7320 616e 2065 7861 Here is an exa\n+00006520: 6d70 6c65 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2320 6d6b mple:.. # mk\n+00006530: 6532 6673 202f 6465 762f 6664 300a 2020 e2fs /dev/fd0. \n+00006540: 2020 2023 206d 6f75 6e74 202d 7420 6578 # mount -t ex\n+00006550: 7432 202f 6465 762f 6664 3020 2f6d 6e74 t2 /dev/fd0 /mnt\n+00006560: 0a20 2020 2020 2320 6d6b 6469 7220 2f6d . # mkdir /m\n+00006570: 6e74 2f62 6f6f 740a 2020 2020 2023 2067 nt/boot. # g\n+00006580: 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c20 2d2d 626f rub-install --bo\n+00006590: 6f74 2d64 6972 6563 746f 7279 3d2f 6d6e ot-directory=/mn\n+000065a0: 742f 626f 6f74 202f 6465 762f 6664 300a t/boot /dev/fd0.\n+000065b0: 2020 2020 2023 2075 6d6f 756e 7420 2f6d # umount /m\n+000065c0: 6e74 0a0a 2020 2053 6f6d 6520 4249 4f53 nt.. Some BIOS\n+000065d0: 6573 2068 6176 6520 6120 6275 6720 6f66 es have a bug of\n+000065e0: 2065 7870 6f73 696e 6720 7468 6520 6669 exposing the fi\n+000065f0: 7273 7420 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6f66 rst partition of\n+00006600: 2061 2055 5342 2064 7269 7665 0a61 7320 a USB drive.as \n+00006610: 6120 666c 6f70 7079 2069 6e73 7465 6164 a floppy instead\n+00006620: 206f 6620 6578 706f 7369 6e67 2074 6865 of exposing the\n+00006630: 2055 5342 2064 7269 7665 2061 7320 6120 USB drive as a \n+00006640: 6861 7264 2064 6973 6b20 2874 6865 7920 hard disk (they \n+00006650: 6361 6c6c 0a69 7420 2255 5342 2d46 4444 call.it \"USB-FDD\n+00006660: 2220 626f 6f74 292e 2020 496e 2073 7563 \" boot). In suc\n+00006670: 6820 6361 7365 732c 2079 6f75 206e 6565 h cases, you nee\n+00006680: 6420 746f 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 206c 696b d to install lik\n+00006690: 6520 7468 6973 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2320 e this:.. # \n+000066a0: 6c6f 7365 7475 7020 2f64 6576 2f6c 6f6f losetup /dev/loo\n+000066b0: 7030 202f 6465 762f 7364 6231 0a20 2020 p0 /dev/sdb1. \n+000066c0: 2020 2320 6d6f 756e 7420 2f64 6576 2f6c # mount /dev/l\n+000066d0: 6f6f 7030 202f 6d6e 742f 7573 620a 2020 oop0 /mnt/usb. \n+000066e0: 2020 2023 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c # grub-instal\n+000066f0: 6c20 2d2d 626f 6f74 2d64 6972 6563 746f l --boot-directo\n+00006700: 7279 3d2f 6d6e 742f 7573 622f 6275 6762 ry=/mnt/usb/bugb\n+00006710: 696f 7320 2d2d 666f 7263 6520 2d2d 616c ios --force --al\n+00006720: 6c6f 772d 666c 6f70 7079 202f 6465 762f low-floppy /dev/\n+00006730: 6c6f 6f70 300a 0a20 2020 5468 6973 2069 loop0.. This i\n+00006740: 6e73 7461 6c6c 2064 6f65 736e 2774 2063 nstall doesn't c\n+00006750: 6f6e 666c 6963 7420 7769 7468 2073 7461 onflict with sta\n+00006760: 6e64 6172 6420 696e 7374 616c 6c20 6173 ndard install as\n+00006770: 206c 6f6e 6720 6173 2074 6865 790a 6172 long as they.ar\n+00006780: 6520 696e 2073 6570 6172 6174 6520 6469 e in separate di\n+00006790: 7265 6374 6f72 6965 732e 0a0a 2020 204f rectories... O\n+000067a0: 6e20 4546 4920 7379 7374 656d 7320 666f n EFI systems fo\n+000067b0: 7220 6669 7865 6420 6469 736b 2069 6e73 r fixed disk ins\n+000067c0: 7461 6c6c 2079 6f75 2068 6176 6520 746f tall you have to\n+000067d0: 206d 6f75 6e74 2045 4649 2053 7973 7465 mount EFI Syste\n+000067e0: 6d0a 5061 7274 6974 696f 6e2e 2020 4966 m.Partition. If\n+000067f0: 2079 6f75 206d 6f75 6e74 2069 7420 6174 you mount it at\n+00006800: 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6566 69e2 8099 .../boot/efi...\n+00006810: 2074 6865 6e20 796f 7520 646f 6e27 7420 then you don't \n+00006820: 6e65 6564 2061 6e79 0a73 7065 6369 616c need any.special\n+00006830: 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 3a0a 0a20 2020 arguments:.. \n+00006840: 2020 2320 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c # grub-install\n+00006850: 0a0a 2020 204f 7468 6572 7769 7365 2079 .. Otherwise y\n+00006860: 6f75 206e 6565 6420 746f 2073 7065 6369 ou need to speci\n+00006870: 6679 2077 6865 7265 2079 6f75 7220 4546 fy where your EF\n+00006880: 4920 5379 7374 656d 2070 6172 7469 7469 I System partiti\n+00006890: 6f6e 2069 730a 6d6f 756e 7465 643a 0a0a on is.mounted:..\n+000068a0: 2020 2020 2023 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 # grub-inst\n+000068b0: 616c 6c20 2d2d 6566 692d 6469 7265 6374 all --efi-direct\n+000068c0: 6f72 793d 2f6d 6e74 2f65 6669 0a0a 2020 ory=/mnt/efi.. \n+000068d0: 2046 6f72 2072 656d 6f76 6162 6c65 2069 For removable i\n+000068e0: 6e73 7461 6c6c 7320 796f 7520 6861 7665 nstalls you have\n+000068f0: 2074 6f20 7573 6520 e280 982d 2d72 656d to use ...--rem\n+00006900: 6f76 6162 6c65 e280 9920 616e 6420 7370 ovable... and sp\n+00006910: 6563 6966 7920 626f 7468 0ae2 8098 2d2d ecify both....--\n+00006920: 626f 6f74 2d64 6972 6563 746f 7279 e280 boot-directory..\n+00006930: 9920 616e 6420 e280 982d 2d65 6669 2d64 . and ...--efi-d\n+00006940: 6972 6563 746f 7279 e280 993a 0a0a 2020 irectory...:.. \n+00006950: 2020 2023 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c # grub-instal\n+00006960: 6c20 2d2d 6566 692d 6469 7265 6374 6f72 l --efi-director\n+00006970: 793d 2f6d 6e74 2f75 7362 202d 2d62 6f6f y=/mnt/usb --boo\n+00006980: 742d 6469 7265 6374 6f72 793d 2f6d 6e74 t-directory=/mnt\n+00006990: 2f75 7362 2f62 6f6f 7420 2d2d 7265 6d6f /usb/boot --remo\n+000069a0: 7661 626c 650a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 vable....File: g\n+000069b0: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+000069c0: 204d 616b 696e 6720 6120 4752 5542 2062 Making a GRUB b\n+000069d0: 6f6f 7461 626c 6520 4344 2d52 4f4d 2c20 ootable CD-ROM, \n+000069e0: 204e 6578 743a 2044 6576 6963 6520 6d61 Next: Device ma\n+000069f0: 702c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 496e 7374 616c p, Prev: Instal\n+00006a00: 6c69 6e67 2047 5255 4220 7573 696e 6720 ling GRUB using \n+00006a10: 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 2c20 2055 grub-install, U\n+00006a20: 703a 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e0a p: Installation.\n+00006a30: 0a34 2e32 204d 616b 696e 6720 6120 4752 .4.2 Making a GR\n+00006a40: 5542 2062 6f6f 7461 626c 6520 4344 2d52 UB bootable CD-R\n+00006a50: 4f4d 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d OM.=============\n 00006a60: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00006a70: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4752 ============..GR\n-00006a80: 5542 2073 7570 706f 7274 7320 7468 6520 UB supports the \n-00006a90: e280 9c6e 6f20 656d 756c 6174 696f 6e20 ...no emulation \n-00006aa0: 6d6f 6465 e280 9d20 696e 2074 6865 2045 mode... in the E\n-00006ab0: 6c20 546f 7269 746f 2073 7065 6369 6669 l Torito specifi\n-00006ac0: 6361 7469 6f6e 2831 290a 282a 6e6f 7465 cation(1).(*note\n-00006ad0: 204d 616b 696e 6720 6120 4752 5542 2062 Making a GRUB b\n-00006ae0: 6f6f 7461 626c 6520 4344 2d52 4f4d 2d46 ootable CD-ROM-F\n-00006af0: 6f6f 746e 6f74 652d 313a 3a29 2e20 2054 ootnote-1::). T\n-00006b00: 6869 7320 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6174 2079 his means that y\n-00006b10: 6f75 0a63 616e 2075 7365 2074 6865 2077 ou.can use the w\n-00006b20: 686f 6c65 2043 442d 524f 4d20 6672 6f6d hole CD-ROM from\n-00006b30: 2047 5255 4220 616e 6420 796f 7520 646f GRUB and you do\n-00006b40: 6e27 7420 6861 7665 2074 6f20 6d61 6b65 n't have to make\n-00006b50: 2061 2066 6c6f 7070 790a 6f72 2068 6172 a floppy.or har\n-00006b60: 6420 6469 736b 2069 6d61 6765 2066 696c d disk image fil\n-00006b70: 652c 2077 6869 6368 2063 616e 2063 6175 e, which can cau\n-00006b80: 7365 2063 6f6d 7061 7469 6269 6c69 7479 se compatibility\n-00006b90: 2070 726f 626c 656d 732e 0a0a 2020 2046 problems... F\n-00006ba0: 6f72 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2066 726f 6d20 or booting from \n-00006bb0: 6120 4344 2d52 4f4d 2c20 4752 5542 2075 a CD-ROM, GRUB u\n-00006bc0: 7365 7320 6120 7370 6563 6961 6c20 696d ses a special im\n-00006bd0: 6167 6520 6361 6c6c 6564 0ae2 8098 6364 age called....cd\n-00006be0: 626f 6f74 2e69 6d67 e280 992c 2077 6869 boot.img..., whi\n-00006bf0: 6368 2069 7320 636f 6e63 6174 656e 6174 ch is concatenat\n-00006c00: 6564 2077 6974 6820 e280 9863 6f72 652e ed with ...core.\n-00006c10: 696d 67e2 8099 2e20 2054 6865 20e2 8098 img.... The ...\n-00006c20: 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 e280 990a 7573 6564 core.img....used\n-00006c30: 2066 6f72 2074 6869 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 for this should\n-00006c40: 2062 6520 6275 696c 7420 7769 7468 2061 be built with a\n-00006c50: 7420 6c65 6173 7420 7468 6520 e280 9869 t least the ...i\n-00006c60: 736f 3936 3630 e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 so9660... and ..\n-00006c70: 9862 696f 7364 6973 6be2 8099 0a6d 6f64 .biosdisk....mod\n-00006c80: 756c 6573 2e20 2059 6f75 7220 626f 6f74 ules. Your boot\n-00006c90: 6162 6c65 2043 442d 524f 4d20 7769 6c6c able CD-ROM will\n-00006ca0: 2075 7375 616c 6c79 2061 6c73 6f20 6e65 usually also ne\n-00006cb0: 6564 2074 6f20 696e 636c 7564 6520 610a ed to include a.\n-00006cc0: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 configuration fi\n-00006cd0: 6c65 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2e63 6667 e280 le ...grub.cfg..\n-00006ce0: 9920 616e 6420 736f 6d65 206f 7468 6572 . and some other\n-00006cf0: 2047 5255 4220 6d6f 6475 6c65 732e 0a0a GRUB modules...\n-00006d00: 2020 2054 6f20 6d61 6b65 2061 2073 696d To make a sim\n-00006d10: 706c 6520 6765 6e65 7269 6320 4752 5542 ple generic GRUB\n-00006d20: 2072 6573 6375 6520 4344 2c20 796f 7520 rescue CD, you \n-00006d30: 6361 6e20 7573 6520 7468 650a e280 9867 can use the....g\n-00006d40: 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 e280 9920 rub-mkrescue... \n-00006d50: 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 282a 6e6f 7465 2049 program (*note I\n-00006d60: 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 nvoking grub-mkr\n-00006d70: 6573 6375 653a 3a29 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 escue::):.. \n-00006d80: 2420 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 6573 6375 6520 $ grub-mkrescue \n-00006d90: 2d6f 2067 7275 622e 6973 6f0a 0a20 2020 -o grub.iso.. \n-00006da0: 596f 7520 7769 6c6c 206f 6674 656e 206e You will often n\n-00006db0: 6565 6420 746f 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 206f eed to include o\n-00006dc0: 7468 6572 2066 696c 6573 2069 6e20 796f ther files in yo\n-00006dd0: 7572 2069 6d61 6765 2e20 2054 6f20 646f ur image. To do\n-00006de0: 0a74 6869 732c 2066 6972 7374 206d 616b .this, first mak\n-00006df0: 6520 6120 746f 7020 6469 7265 6374 6f72 e a top director\n-00006e00: 7920 666f 7220 7468 6520 626f 6f74 6162 y for the bootab\n-00006e10: 6c65 2069 6d61 6765 2c20 7361 792c 20e2 le image, say, .\n-00006e20: 8098 6973 6fe2 8099 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 ..iso...:.. \n-00006e30: 2420 6d6b 6469 7220 6973 6f0a 0a20 2020 $ mkdir iso.. \n-00006e40: 4d61 6b65 2061 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 Make a directory\n-00006e50: 2066 6f72 2047 5255 423a 0a0a 2020 2020 for GRUB:.. \n-00006e60: 2024 206d 6b64 6972 202d 7020 6973 6f2f $ mkdir -p iso/\n-00006e70: 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 620a 0a20 2020 4966 boot/grub.. If\n-00006e80: 2064 6573 6972 6564 2c20 6d61 6b65 2074 desired, make t\n-00006e90: 6865 2063 6f6e 6669 6720 6669 6c65 20e2 he config file .\n-00006ea0: 8098 6772 7562 2e63 6667 e280 9920 756e ..grub.cfg... un\n-00006eb0: 6465 7220 e280 9869 736f 2f62 6f6f 742f der ...iso/boot/\n-00006ec0: 6772 7562 e280 990a 282a 6e6f 7465 2043 grub....(*note C\n-00006ed0: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a 292c onfiguration::),\n-00006ee0: 2061 6e64 2063 6f70 7920 616e 7920 6669 and copy any fi\n-00006ef0: 6c65 7320 616e 6420 6469 7265 6374 6f72 les and director\n-00006f00: 6965 7320 666f 7220 7468 6520 6469 7363 ies for the disc\n-00006f10: 0a74 6f20 7468 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 .to the director\n-00006f20: 7920 e280 9869 736f 2fe2 8099 2e0a 0a20 y ...iso/...... \n-00006f30: 2020 4669 6e61 6c6c 792c 206d 616b 6520 Finally, make \n-00006f40: 7468 6520 696d 6167 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 the image:.. \n-00006f50: 2024 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 $ grub-mkrescue\n-00006f60: 202d 6f20 6772 7562 2e69 736f 2069 736f -o grub.iso iso\n-00006f70: 0a0a 2020 2054 6869 7320 7072 6f64 7563 .. This produc\n-00006f80: 6573 2061 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 6420 es a file named \n-00006f90: e280 9867 7275 622e 6973 6fe2 8099 2c20 ...grub.iso..., \n-00006fa0: 7768 6963 6820 7468 656e 2063 616e 2062 which then can b\n-00006fb0: 6520 6275 726e 6564 2069 6e74 6f0a 6120 e burned into.a \n-00006fc0: 4344 2028 6f72 2061 2044 5644 292c 206f CD (or a DVD), o\n-00006fd0: 7220 7772 6974 7465 6e20 746f 2061 2055 r written to a U\n-00006fe0: 5342 206d 6173 7320 7374 6f72 6167 6520 SB mass storage \n-00006ff0: 6465 7669 6365 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 device... The \n-00007000: 726f 6f74 2064 6576 6963 6520 7769 6c6c root device will\n-00007010: 2062 6520 7365 7420 7570 2061 7070 726f be set up appro\n-00007020: 7072 6961 7465 6c79 206f 6e20 656e 7465 priately on ente\n-00007030: 7269 6e67 2079 6f75 720a e280 9867 7275 ring your....gru\n-00007040: 622e 6366 67e2 8099 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 b.cfg... configu\n-00007050: 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 652c 2073 6f20 ration file, so \n-00007060: 796f 7520 6361 6e20 7265 6665 7220 746f you can refer to\n-00007070: 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 6f6e 2074 file names on t\n-00007080: 6865 2043 440a 7769 7468 6f75 7420 6e65 he CD.without ne\n-00007090: 6564 696e 6720 746f 2075 7365 2061 6e20 eding to use an \n-000070a0: 6578 706c 6963 6974 2064 6576 6963 6520 explicit device \n-000070b0: 6e61 6d65 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6d61 6b65 name. This make\n-000070c0: 7320 6974 2065 6173 6965 7220 746f 0a70 s it easier to.p\n-000070d0: 726f 6475 6365 2072 6573 6375 6520 696d roduce rescue im\n-000070e0: 6167 6573 2074 6861 7420 7769 6c6c 2077 ages that will w\n-000070f0: 6f72 6b20 6f6e 2062 6f74 6820 6f70 7469 ork on both opti\n-00007100: 6361 6c20 6472 6976 6573 2061 6e64 2055 cal drives and U\n-00007110: 5342 206d 6173 730a 7374 6f72 6167 6520 SB mass.storage \n-00007120: 6465 7669 6365 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 devices.....File\n-00007130: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-00007140: 6465 3a20 4d61 6b69 6e67 2061 2047 5255 de: Making a GRU\n-00007150: 4220 626f 6f74 6162 6c65 2043 442d 524f B bootable CD-RO\n-00007160: 4d2d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 732c 2020 5570 M-Footnotes, Up\n-00007170: 3a20 4d61 6b69 6e67 2061 2047 5255 4220 : Making a GRUB \n-00007180: 626f 6f74 6162 6c65 2043 442d 524f 4d0a bootable CD-ROM.\n-00007190: 0a20 2020 2831 2920 456c 2054 6f72 6974 . (1) El Torit\n-000071a0: 6f20 6973 2061 2073 7065 6369 6669 6361 o is a specifica\n-000071b0: 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 2062 6f6f 7461 626c tion for bootabl\n-000071c0: 6520 4344 2075 7369 6e67 2042 494f 530a e CD using BIOS.\n-000071d0: 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 functions.....Fi\n-000071e0: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-000071f0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 4465 7669 6365 206d 6170 Node: Device map\n-00007200: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2042 494f 5320 696e , Next: BIOS in\n-00007210: 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 2c20 2050 7265 stallation, Pre\n-00007220: 763a 204d 616b 696e 6720 6120 4752 5542 v: Making a GRUB\n-00007230: 2062 6f6f 7461 626c 6520 4344 2d52 4f4d bootable CD-ROM\n-00007240: 2c20 2055 703a 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 , Up: Installat\n-00007250: 696f 6e0a 0a34 2e33 2054 6865 206d 6170 ion..4.3 The map\n-00007260: 2062 6574 7765 656e 2042 494f 5320 6472 between BIOS dr\n-00007270: 6976 6573 2061 6e64 204f 5320 6465 7669 ives and OS devi\n-00007280: 6365 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ces.============\n+00006a70: 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4752 5542 2073 7570 706f ====..GRUB suppo\n+00006a80: 7274 7320 7468 6520 e280 9c6e 6f20 656d rts the ...no em\n+00006a90: 756c 6174 696f 6e20 6d6f 6465 e280 9d20 ulation mode... \n+00006aa0: 696e 2074 6865 2045 6c20 546f 7269 746f in the El Torito\n+00006ab0: 2073 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2831 specification(1\n+00006ac0: 290a 282a 6e6f 7465 204d 616b 696e 6720 ).(*note Making \n+00006ad0: 6120 4752 5542 2062 6f6f 7461 626c 6520 a GRUB bootable \n+00006ae0: 4344 2d52 4f4d 2d46 6f6f 746e 6f74 652d CD-ROM-Footnote-\n+00006af0: 313a 3a29 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6d65 616e 1::). This mean\n+00006b00: 7320 7468 6174 2079 6f75 0a63 616e 2075 s that you.can u\n+00006b10: 7365 2074 6865 2077 686f 6c65 2043 442d se the whole CD-\n+00006b20: 524f 4d20 6672 6f6d 2047 5255 4220 616e ROM from GRUB an\n+00006b30: 6420 796f 7520 646f 6e27 7420 6861 7665 d you don't have\n+00006b40: 2074 6f20 6d61 6b65 2061 2066 6c6f 7070 to make a flopp\n+00006b50: 790a 6f72 2068 6172 6420 6469 736b 2069 y.or hard disk i\n+00006b60: 6d61 6765 2066 696c 652c 2077 6869 6368 mage file, which\n+00006b70: 2063 616e 2063 6175 7365 2063 6f6d 7061 can cause compa\n+00006b80: 7469 6269 6c69 7479 2070 726f 626c 656d tibility problem\n+00006b90: 732e 0a0a 2020 2046 6f72 2062 6f6f 7469 s... For booti\n+00006ba0: 6e67 2066 726f 6d20 6120 4344 2d52 4f4d ng from a CD-ROM\n+00006bb0: 2c20 4752 5542 2075 7365 7320 6120 7370 , GRUB uses a sp\n+00006bc0: 6563 6961 6c20 696d 6167 6520 6361 6c6c ecial image call\n+00006bd0: 6564 0ae2 8098 6364 626f 6f74 2e69 6d67 ed....cdboot.img\n+00006be0: e280 992c 2077 6869 6368 2069 7320 636f ..., which is co\n+00006bf0: 6e63 6174 656e 6174 6564 2077 6974 6820 ncatenated with \n+00006c00: e280 9863 6f72 652e 696d 67e2 8099 2e20 ...core.img.... \n+00006c10: 2054 6865 20e2 8098 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 The ...core.img\n+00006c20: e280 990a 7573 6564 2066 6f72 2074 6869 ....used for thi\n+00006c30: 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 6275 696c s should be buil\n+00006c40: 7420 7769 7468 2061 7420 6c65 6173 7420 t with at least \n+00006c50: 7468 6520 e280 9869 736f 3936 3630 e280 the ...iso9660..\n+00006c60: 9920 616e 6420 e280 9862 696f 7364 6973 . and ...biosdis\n+00006c70: 6be2 8099 0a6d 6f64 756c 6573 2e20 2059 k....modules. Y\n+00006c80: 6f75 7220 626f 6f74 6162 6c65 2043 442d our bootable CD-\n+00006c90: 524f 4d20 7769 6c6c 2075 7375 616c 6c79 ROM will usually\n+00006ca0: 2061 6c73 6f20 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 696e also need to in\n+00006cb0: 636c 7564 6520 610a 636f 6e66 6967 7572 clude a.configur\n+00006cc0: 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 20e2 8098 6772 ation file ...gr\n+00006cd0: 7562 2e63 6667 e280 9920 616e 6420 736f ub.cfg... and so\n+00006ce0: 6d65 206f 7468 6572 2047 5255 4220 6d6f me other GRUB mo\n+00006cf0: 6475 6c65 732e 0a0a 2020 2054 6f20 6d61 dules... To ma\n+00006d00: 6b65 2061 2073 696d 706c 6520 6765 6e65 ke a simple gene\n+00006d10: 7269 6320 4752 5542 2072 6573 6375 6520 ric GRUB rescue \n+00006d20: 4344 2c20 796f 7520 6361 6e20 7573 6520 CD, you can use \n+00006d30: 7468 650a e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 the....grub-mkre\n+00006d40: 7363 7565 e280 9920 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 scue... program \n+00006d50: 282a 6e6f 7465 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 (*note Invoking \n+00006d60: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 6573 6375 653a 3a29 grub-mkrescue::)\n+00006d70: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2420 6772 7562 2d6d :.. $ grub-m\n+00006d80: 6b72 6573 6375 6520 2d6f 2067 7275 622e krescue -o grub.\n+00006d90: 6973 6f0a 0a20 2020 596f 7520 7769 6c6c iso.. You will\n+00006da0: 206f 6674 656e 206e 6565 6420 746f 2069 often need to i\n+00006db0: 6e63 6c75 6465 206f 7468 6572 2066 696c nclude other fil\n+00006dc0: 6573 2069 6e20 796f 7572 2069 6d61 6765 es in your image\n+00006dd0: 2e20 2054 6f20 646f 0a74 6869 732c 2066 . To do.this, f\n+00006de0: 6972 7374 206d 616b 6520 6120 746f 7020 irst make a top \n+00006df0: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 666f 7220 7468 directory for th\n+00006e00: 6520 626f 6f74 6162 6c65 2069 6d61 6765 e bootable image\n+00006e10: 2c20 7361 792c 20e2 8098 6973 6fe2 8099 , say, ...iso...\n+00006e20: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2420 6d6b 6469 7220 :.. $ mkdir \n+00006e30: 6973 6f0a 0a20 2020 4d61 6b65 2061 2064 iso.. Make a d\n+00006e40: 6972 6563 746f 7279 2066 6f72 2047 5255 irectory for GRU\n+00006e50: 423a 0a0a 2020 2020 2024 206d 6b64 6972 B:.. $ mkdir\n+00006e60: 202d 7020 6973 6f2f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 -p iso/boot/gru\n+00006e70: 620a 0a20 2020 4966 2064 6573 6972 6564 b.. If desired\n+00006e80: 2c20 6d61 6b65 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 6669 , make the confi\n+00006e90: 6720 6669 6c65 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2e63 g file ...grub.c\n+00006ea0: 6667 e280 9920 756e 6465 7220 e280 9869 fg... under ...i\n+00006eb0: 736f 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 e280 990a so/boot/grub....\n+00006ec0: 282a 6e6f 7465 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 (*note Configura\n+00006ed0: 7469 6f6e 3a3a 292c 2061 6e64 2063 6f70 tion::), and cop\n+00006ee0: 7920 616e 7920 6669 6c65 7320 616e 6420 y any files and \n+00006ef0: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 6965 7320 666f 7220 directories for \n+00006f00: 7468 6520 6469 7363 0a74 6f20 7468 6520 the disc.to the \n+00006f10: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 e280 9869 736f directory ...iso\n+00006f20: 2fe2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 4669 6e61 6c6c /...... Finall\n+00006f30: 792c 206d 616b 6520 7468 6520 696d 6167 y, make the imag\n+00006f40: 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 2024 2067 7275 622d e:.. $ grub-\n+00006f50: 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 202d 6f20 6772 7562 mkrescue -o grub\n+00006f60: 2e69 736f 2069 736f 0a0a 2020 2054 6869 .iso iso.. Thi\n+00006f70: 7320 7072 6f64 7563 6573 2061 2066 696c s produces a fil\n+00006f80: 6520 6e61 6d65 6420 e280 9867 7275 622e e named ...grub.\n+00006f90: 6973 6fe2 8099 2c20 7768 6963 6820 7468 iso..., which th\n+00006fa0: 656e 2063 616e 2062 6520 6275 726e 6564 en can be burned\n+00006fb0: 2069 6e74 6f0a 6120 4344 2028 6f72 2061 into.a CD (or a\n+00006fc0: 2044 5644 292c 206f 7220 7772 6974 7465 DVD), or writte\n+00006fd0: 6e20 746f 2061 2055 5342 206d 6173 7320 n to a USB mass \n+00006fe0: 7374 6f72 6167 6520 6465 7669 6365 2e0a storage device..\n+00006ff0: 0a20 2020 5468 6520 726f 6f74 2064 6576 . The root dev\n+00007000: 6963 6520 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 7365 7420 ice will be set \n+00007010: 7570 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 6c79 up appropriately\n+00007020: 206f 6e20 656e 7465 7269 6e67 2079 6f75 on entering you\n+00007030: 720a e280 9867 7275 622e 6366 67e2 8099 r....grub.cfg...\n+00007040: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 configuration f\n+00007050: 696c 652c 2073 6f20 796f 7520 6361 6e20 ile, so you can \n+00007060: 7265 6665 7220 746f 2066 696c 6520 6e61 refer to file na\n+00007070: 6d65 7320 6f6e 2074 6865 2043 440a 7769 mes on the CD.wi\n+00007080: 7468 6f75 7420 6e65 6564 696e 6720 746f thout needing to\n+00007090: 2075 7365 2061 6e20 6578 706c 6963 6974 use an explicit\n+000070a0: 2064 6576 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 2e20 2054 device name. T\n+000070b0: 6869 7320 6d61 6b65 7320 6974 2065 6173 his makes it eas\n+000070c0: 6965 7220 746f 0a70 726f 6475 6365 2072 ier to.produce r\n+000070d0: 6573 6375 6520 696d 6167 6573 2074 6861 escue images tha\n+000070e0: 7420 7769 6c6c 2077 6f72 6b20 6f6e 2062 t will work on b\n+000070f0: 6f74 6820 6f70 7469 6361 6c20 6472 6976 oth optical driv\n+00007100: 6573 2061 6e64 2055 5342 206d 6173 730a es and USB mass.\n+00007110: 7374 6f72 6167 6520 6465 7669 6365 732e storage devices.\n+00007120: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+00007130: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d61 6b69 nfo, Node: Maki\n+00007140: 6e67 2061 2047 5255 4220 626f 6f74 6162 ng a GRUB bootab\n+00007150: 6c65 2043 442d 524f 4d2d 466f 6f74 6e6f le CD-ROM-Footno\n+00007160: 7465 732c 2020 5570 3a20 4d61 6b69 6e67 tes, Up: Making\n+00007170: 2061 2047 5255 4220 626f 6f74 6162 6c65 a GRUB bootable\n+00007180: 2043 442d 524f 4d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 CD-ROM.. (1) \n+00007190: 456c 2054 6f72 6974 6f20 6973 2061 2073 El Torito is a s\n+000071a0: 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 pecification for\n+000071b0: 2062 6f6f 7461 626c 6520 4344 2075 7369 bootable CD usi\n+000071c0: 6e67 2042 494f 530a 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e ng BIOS.function\n+000071d0: 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 s.....File: grub\n+000071e0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4465 .info, Node: De\n+000071f0: 7669 6365 206d 6170 2c20 204e 6578 743a vice map, Next:\n+00007200: 2042 494f 5320 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 BIOS installati\n+00007210: 6f6e 2c20 2050 7265 763a 204d 616b 696e on, Prev: Makin\n+00007220: 6720 6120 4752 5542 2062 6f6f 7461 626c g a GRUB bootabl\n+00007230: 6520 4344 2d52 4f4d 2c20 2055 703a 2049 e CD-ROM, Up: I\n+00007240: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e0a 0a34 2e33 nstallation..4.3\n+00007250: 2054 6865 206d 6170 2062 6574 7765 656e The map between\n+00007260: 2042 494f 5320 6472 6976 6573 2061 6e64 BIOS drives and\n+00007270: 204f 5320 6465 7669 6365 730a 3d3d 3d3d OS devices.====\n+00007280: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n 00007290: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000072a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000072b0: 3d3d 0a0a 4966 2074 6865 2064 6576 6963 ==..If the devic\n-000072c0: 6520 6d61 7020 6669 6c65 2065 7869 7374 e map file exist\n-000072d0: 732c 2074 6865 2047 5255 4220 7574 696c s, the GRUB util\n-000072e0: 6974 6965 7320 28e2 8098 6772 7562 2d70 ities (...grub-p\n-000072f0: 726f 6265 e280 992c 2065 7463 2e29 0a72 robe..., etc.).r\n-00007300: 6561 6420 6974 2074 6f20 6d61 7020 4249 ead it to map BI\n-00007310: 4f53 2064 7269 7665 7320 746f 204f 5320 OS drives to OS \n-00007320: 6465 7669 6365 732e 2020 5468 6973 2066 devices. This f\n-00007330: 696c 6520 636f 6e73 6973 7473 206f 6620 ile consists of \n-00007340: 6c69 6e65 730a 6c69 6b65 2074 6869 733a lines.like this:\n-00007350: 0a0a 2020 2020 2028 4445 5649 4345 2920 .. (DEVICE) \n-00007360: 4649 4c45 0a0a 2020 2044 4556 4943 4520 FILE.. DEVICE \n-00007370: 6973 2061 2064 7269 7665 2073 7065 6369 is a drive speci\n-00007380: 6669 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 4752 5542 fied in the GRUB\n-00007390: 2073 796e 7461 7820 282a 6e6f 7465 2044 syntax (*note D\n-000073a0: 6576 6963 650a 7379 6e74 6178 3a3a 292c evice.syntax::),\n-000073b0: 2061 6e64 2046 494c 4520 6973 2061 6e20 and FILE is an \n-000073c0: 4f53 2066 696c 652c 2077 6869 6368 2069 OS file, which i\n-000073d0: 7320 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2061 2064 6576 s normally a dev\n-000073e0: 6963 6520 6669 6c65 2e0a 0a20 2020 4869 ice file... Hi\n-000073f0: 7374 6f72 6963 616c 6c79 2c20 7468 6520 storically, the \n-00007400: 6465 7669 6365 206d 6170 2066 696c 6520 device map file \n-00007410: 7761 7320 7573 6564 2062 6563 6175 7365 was used because\n-00007420: 2047 5255 4220 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d GRUB device nam\n-00007430: 6573 0a68 6164 2074 6f20 6265 2075 7365 es.had to be use\n-00007440: 6420 696e 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 d in the configu\n-00007450: 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 652c 2061 6e64 ration file, and\n-00007460: 2074 6865 7920 7765 7265 2064 6572 6976 they were deriv\n-00007470: 6564 2066 726f 6d0a 4249 4f53 2064 7269 ed from.BIOS dri\n-00007480: 7665 206e 756d 6265 7273 2e20 2054 6865 ve numbers. The\n-00007490: 206d 6170 2062 6574 7765 656e 2042 494f map between BIO\n-000074a0: 5320 6472 6976 6573 2061 6e64 204f 5320 S drives and OS \n-000074b0: 6465 7669 6365 7320 6361 6e6e 6f74 0a61 devices cannot.a\n-000074c0: 6c77 6179 7320 6265 2067 7565 7373 6564 lways be guessed\n-000074d0: 2063 6f72 7265 6374 6c79 3a20 666f 7220 correctly: for \n-000074e0: 6578 616d 706c 652c 2047 5255 4220 7769 example, GRUB wi\n-000074f0: 6c6c 2067 6574 2074 6865 206f 7264 6572 ll get the order\n-00007500: 2077 726f 6e67 0a69 6620 796f 7520 6578 wrong.if you ex\n-00007510: 6368 616e 6765 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 change the boot \n-00007520: 7365 7175 656e 6365 2062 6574 7765 656e sequence between\n-00007530: 2049 4445 2061 6e64 2053 4353 4920 696e IDE and SCSI in\n-00007540: 2079 6f75 7220 4249 4f53 2e0a 0a20 2020 your BIOS... \n-00007550: 556e 666f 7274 756e 6174 656c 792c 2065 Unfortunately, e\n-00007560: 7665 6e20 4f53 2064 6576 6963 6520 6e61 ven OS device na\n-00007570: 6d65 7320 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 616c 7761 mes are not alwa\n-00007580: 7973 2073 7461 626c 652e 2020 4d6f 6465 ys stable. Mode\n-00007590: 726e 0a76 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 2074 rn.versions of t\n-000075a0: 6865 204c 696e 7578 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 he Linux kernel \n-000075b0: 6d61 7920 7072 6f62 6520 6472 6976 6573 may probe drives\n-000075c0: 2069 6e20 6120 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 in a different \n-000075d0: 6f72 6465 7220 6672 6f6d 0a62 6f6f 7420 order from.boot \n-000075e0: 746f 2062 6f6f 742c 2061 6e64 2074 6865 to boot, and the\n-000075f0: 2070 7265 6669 7820 28e2 8098 2f64 6576 prefix (.../dev\n-00007600: 2f68 642a e280 9920 7665 7273 7573 20e2 /hd*... versus .\n-00007610: 8098 2f64 6576 2f73 642a e280 9929 206d ../dev/sd*...) m\n-00007620: 6179 2063 6861 6e67 650a 6465 7065 6e64 ay change.depend\n-00007630: 696e 6720 6f6e 2074 6865 2064 7269 7665 ing on the drive\n-00007640: 7220 7375 6273 7973 7465 6d20 696e 2075 r subsystem in u\n-00007650: 7365 2e20 2041 7320 6120 7265 7375 6c74 se. As a result\n-00007660: 2c20 7468 6520 6465 7669 6365 206d 6170 , the device map\n-00007670: 0a66 696c 6520 7265 7175 6972 6564 2066 .file required f\n-00007680: 7265 7175 656e 7420 6564 6974 696e 6720 requent editing \n-00007690: 6f6e 2073 6f6d 6520 7379 7374 656d 732e on some systems.\n-000076a0: 0a0a 2020 2047 5255 4220 6176 6f69 6473 .. GRUB avoids\n-000076b0: 2074 6869 7320 7072 6f62 6c65 6d20 6e6f this problem no\n-000076c0: 7761 6461 7973 2062 7920 7573 696e 6720 wadays by using \n-000076d0: 5555 4944 7320 6f72 2066 696c 6520 7379 UUIDs or file sy\n-000076e0: 7374 656d 0a6c 6162 656c 7320 7768 656e stem.labels when\n-000076f0: 2067 656e 6572 6174 696e 6720 e280 9867 generating ...g\n-00007700: 7275 622e 6366 67e2 8099 2c20 616e 6420 rub.cfg..., and \n-00007710: 7765 2061 6476 6973 6520 7468 6174 2079 we advise that y\n-00007720: 6f75 2064 6f20 7468 6520 7361 6d65 0a66 ou do the same.f\n-00007730: 6f72 2061 6e79 2063 7573 746f 6d20 6d65 or any custom me\n-00007740: 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 6573 2079 6f75 2077 nu entries you w\n-00007750: 7269 7465 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6520 6465 rite. If the de\n-00007760: 7669 6365 206d 6170 2066 696c 6520 646f vice map file do\n-00007770: 6573 206e 6f74 0a65 7869 7374 2c20 7468 es not.exist, th\n-00007780: 656e 2074 6865 2047 5255 4220 7574 696c en the GRUB util\n-00007790: 6974 6965 7320 7769 6c6c 2061 7373 756d ities will assum\n-000077a0: 6520 6120 7465 6d70 6f72 6172 7920 6465 e a temporary de\n-000077b0: 7669 6365 206d 6170 206f 6e20 7468 650a vice map on the.\n-000077c0: 666c 792e 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 6f66 fly. This is of\n-000077d0: 7465 6e20 676f 6f64 2065 6e6f 7567 682c ten good enough,\n-000077e0: 2070 6172 7469 6375 6c61 726c 7920 696e particularly in\n-000077f0: 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d6f 6e20 6361 7365 the common case\n-00007800: 206f 660a 7369 6e67 6c65 2d64 6973 6b20 of.single-disk \n-00007810: 7379 7374 656d 732e 0a0a 2020 2048 6f77 systems... How\n-00007820: 6576 6572 2c20 7468 6520 6465 7669 6365 ever, the device\n-00007830: 206d 6170 2066 696c 6520 6973 206e 6f74 map file is not\n-00007840: 2065 6e74 6972 656c 7920 6f62 736f 6c65 entirely obsole\n-00007850: 7465 2079 6574 2c20 616e 6420 6974 2069 te yet, and it i\n-00007860: 730a 7573 6564 2066 6f72 206f 7665 7272 s.used for overr\n-00007870: 6964 696e 6720 7768 656e 2063 7572 7265 iding when curre\n-00007880: 6e74 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2069 nt environment i\n-00007890: 7320 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 6672 6f6d s different from\n-000078a0: 2074 6865 206f 6e65 0a6f 6e20 626f 6f74 the one.on boot\n-000078b0: 2e20 204d 6f73 7420 636f 6d6d 6f6e 2063 . Most common c\n-000078c0: 6173 6520 6973 2069 6620 796f 7520 7573 ase is if you us\n-000078d0: 6520 6120 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6f72 e a partition or\n-000078e0: 206c 6f67 6963 616c 2076 6f6c 756d 650a logical volume.\n-000078f0: 6173 2061 2064 6973 6b20 666f 7220 7669 as a disk for vi\n-00007900: 7274 7561 6c20 6d61 6368 696e 652e 2020 rtual machine. \n-00007910: 596f 7520 6361 6e20 7075 7420 616e 7920 You can put any \n-00007920: 636f 6d6d 656e 7473 2069 6e20 7468 6520 comments in the \n-00007930: 6669 6c65 2069 660a 6e65 6564 6564 2c20 file if.needed, \n-00007940: 6173 2074 6865 2047 5255 4220 7574 696c as the GRUB util\n-00007950: 6974 6965 7320 6173 7375 6d65 2074 6861 ities assume tha\n-00007960: 7420 6120 6c69 6e65 2069 7320 6a75 7374 t a line is just\n-00007970: 2061 2063 6f6d 6d65 6e74 2069 660a 7468 a comment if.th\n-00007980: 6520 6669 7273 7420 6368 6172 6163 7465 e first characte\n-00007990: 7220 6973 20e2 8098 23e2 8099 2e0a 0a1f r is ...#.......\n-000079a0: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-000079b0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2042 494f 5320 696e , Node: BIOS in\n-000079c0: 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 2c20 2050 7265 stallation, Pre\n-000079d0: 763a 2044 6576 6963 6520 6d61 702c 2020 v: Device map, \n-000079e0: 5570 3a20 496e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e Up: Installation\n-000079f0: 0a0a 342e 3420 4249 4f53 2069 6e73 7461 ..4.4 BIOS insta\n-00007a00: 6c6c 6174 696f 6e0a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d llation.========\n-00007a10: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a4d =============..M\n-00007a20: 4252 0a3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 7061 7274 BR.===..The part\n-00007a30: 6974 696f 6e20 7461 626c 6520 666f 726d ition table form\n-00007a40: 6174 2074 7261 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 at traditionally\n-00007a50: 2075 7365 6420 6f6e 2050 4320 4249 4f53 used on PC BIOS\n-00007a60: 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2069 730a 6361 platforms is.ca\n-00007a70: 6c6c 6564 2074 6865 204d 6173 7465 7220 lled the Master \n-00007a80: 426f 6f74 2052 6563 6f72 6420 284d 4252 Boot Record (MBR\n-00007a90: 2920 666f 726d 6174 3b20 7468 6973 2069 ) format; this i\n-00007aa0: 7320 7468 6520 666f 726d 6174 2074 6861 s the format tha\n-00007ab0: 740a 616c 6c6f 7773 2075 7020 746f 2066 t.allows up to f\n-00007ac0: 6f75 7220 7072 696d 6172 7920 7061 7274 our primary part\n-00007ad0: 6974 696f 6e73 2061 6e64 2061 6464 6974 itions and addit\n-00007ae0: 696f 6e61 6c20 6c6f 6769 6361 6c20 7061 ional logical pa\n-00007af0: 7274 6974 696f 6e73 2e0a 5769 7468 2074 rtitions..With t\n-00007b00: 6869 7320 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7461 his partition ta\n-00007b10: 626c 6520 666f 726d 6174 2c20 7468 6572 ble format, ther\n-00007b20: 6520 6172 6520 7477 6f20 7761 7973 2074 e are two ways t\n-00007b30: 6f20 696e 7374 616c 6c20 4752 5542 3a20 o install GRUB: \n-00007b40: 6974 0a63 616e 2062 6520 656d 6265 6464 it.can be embedd\n-00007b50: 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6172 6561 2062 ed in the area b\n-00007b60: 6574 7765 656e 2074 6865 204d 4252 2061 etween the MBR a\n-00007b70: 6e64 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 2070 6172 nd the first par\n-00007b80: 7469 7469 6f6e 0a28 6361 6c6c 6564 2062 tition.(called b\n-00007b90: 7920 7661 7269 6f75 7320 6e61 6d65 732c y various names,\n-00007ba0: 2073 7563 6820 6173 2074 6865 2022 626f such as the \"bo\n-00007bb0: 6f74 2074 7261 636b 222c 2022 4d42 5220 ot track\", \"MBR \n-00007bc0: 6761 7022 2c20 6f72 0a22 656d 6265 6464 gap\", or.\"embedd\n-00007bd0: 696e 6720 6172 6561 222c 2061 6e64 2077 ing area\", and w\n-00007be0: 6869 6368 2069 7320 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 hich is usually \n-00007bf0: 6174 206c 6561 7374 2031 3030 3020 4b69 at least 1000 Ki\n-00007c00: 4229 2c20 6f72 2074 6865 2063 6f72 650a B), or the core.\n-00007c10: 696d 6167 6520 6361 6e20 6265 2069 6e73 image can be ins\n-00007c20: 7461 6c6c 6564 2069 6e20 6120 6669 6c65 talled in a file\n-00007c30: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 616e 6420 6120 6c69 system and a li\n-00007c40: 7374 206f 6620 7468 6520 626c 6f63 6b73 st of the blocks\n-00007c50: 2074 6861 740a 6d61 6b65 2069 7420 7570 that.make it up\n-00007c60: 2063 616e 2062 6520 7374 6f72 6564 2069 can be stored i\n-00007c70: 6e20 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 7365 6374 n the first sect\n-00007c80: 6f72 206f 6620 7468 6174 2070 6172 7469 or of that parti\n-00007c90: 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 4d6f 6465 726e tion... 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The grand\n-00007e90: 6661 7468 6572 6564 2063 6f6e 6669 670a fathered config.\n-00007ea0: 6d75 7374 3a0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 7573 must:.. ... us\n-00007eb0: 6520 6269 6f73 6469 736b 2061 7320 6469 e biosdisk as di\n-00007ec0: 736b 2061 6363 6573 7320 6d6f 6475 6c65 sk access module\n-00007ed0: 2066 6f72 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 74e2 8099 for .../boot...\n-00007ee0: 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 206e 6f74 2075 7365 .. ... not use\n-00007ef0: 2061 6e79 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 any additional \n-00007f00: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6d61 7073 2074 partition maps t\n-00007f10: 6f20 6163 6365 7373 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f o access .../boo\n-00007f20: 74e2 8099 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 t..... ... ...\n-00007f30: 2f62 6f6f 74e2 8099 206d 7573 7420 6265 /boot... must be\n-00007f40: 206f 6e20 6f6e 6520 6f66 2066 6f6c 6c6f on one of follo\n-00007f50: 7769 6e67 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d73 wing filesystems\n-00007f60: 3a20 4146 4653 2c20 4146 532c 2042 4653 : AFFS, AFS, BFS\n-00007f70: 2c0a 2020 2020 2063 7069 6f2c 206e 6577 ,. cpio, new\n-00007f80: 632c 206f 6463 2c20 6578 7432 2f33 2f34 c, odc, ext2/3/4\n-00007f90: 2c20 4641 542c 2065 7846 4154 2c20 4632 , FAT, exFAT, F2\n-00007fa0: 4653 2c20 4846 532c 2075 6e63 6f6d 7072 FS, HFS, uncompr\n-00007fb0: 6573 7365 640a 2020 2020 2048 4653 2b2c essed. 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MBR\n-00008030: 2067 6170 2068 6173 2066 6577 2074 6563 gap has few tec\n-00008040: 686e 6963 616c 2070 726f 626c 656d 732e hnical problems.\n-00008050: 2020 5468 6572 6520 6973 206e 6f20 7761 There is no wa\n-00008060: 7920 746f 2072 6573 6572 7665 2073 7061 y to reserve spa\n-00008070: 6365 0a69 6e20 7468 6520 656d 6265 6464 ce.in the embedd\n-00008080: 696e 6720 6172 6561 2077 6974 6820 636f ing area with co\n-00008090: 6d70 6c65 7465 2073 6166 6574 792c 2061 mplete safety, a\n-000080a0: 6e64 2073 6f6d 6520 7072 6f70 7269 6574 nd some propriet\n-000080b0: 6172 790a 736f 6674 7761 7265 2069 7320 ary.software is \n-000080c0: 6b6e 6f77 6e20 746f 2075 7365 2069 7420 known to use it \n-000080d0: 746f 206d 616b 6520 6974 2064 6966 6669 to make it diffi\n-000080e0: 6375 6c74 2066 6f72 2075 7365 7273 2074 cult for users t\n-000080f0: 6f20 776f 726b 0a61 726f 756e 6420 6c69 o work.around li\n-00008100: 6365 6e73 696e 6720 7265 7374 7269 6374 censing restrict\n-00008110: 696f 6e73 2e20 2047 5255 4220 776f 726b ions. 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When creatin\n-000087c0: 6720 6120 4249 4f53 2042 6f6f 7420 5061 g a BIOS Boot Pa\n-000087d0: 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6f6e 2061 2047 5054 rtition on a GPT\n-000087e0: 2073 7973 7465 6d2c 2079 6f75 2073 686f system, you sho\n-000087f0: 756c 6420 6d61 6b65 0a73 7572 6520 7468 uld make.sure th\n-00008800: 6174 2069 7420 6973 2061 7420 6c65 6173 at it is at leas\n-00008810: 7420 3331 204b 6942 2069 6e20 7369 7a65 t 31 KiB in size\n-00008820: 2e20 2028 4750 542d 666f 726d 6174 7465 . (GPT-formatte\n-00008830: 6420 6469 736b 7320 6172 6520 6e6f 740a d disks are not.\n-00008840: 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 7061 7274 6963 756c usually particul\n-00008850: 6172 6c79 2073 6d61 6c6c 2c20 736f 2077 arly small, so w\n-00008860: 6520 7265 636f 6d6d 656e 6420 7468 6174 e recommend that\n-00008870: 2079 6f75 206d 616b 6520 6974 206c 6172 you make it lar\n-00008880: 6765 7220 7468 616e 0a74 6865 2062 6172 ger than.the bar\n-00008890: 6520 6d69 6e69 6d75 6d2c 2073 7563 6820 e minimum, such \n-000088a0: 6173 2031 204d 6942 2c20 746f 2061 6c6c as 1 MiB, to all\n-000088b0: 6f77 2070 6c65 6e74 7920 6f66 2072 6f6f ow plenty of roo\n-000088c0: 6d20 666f 7220 6772 6f77 7468 2e29 0a59 m for growth.).Y\n-000088d0: 6f75 206d 7573 7420 616c 736f 206d 616b ou must also mak\n-000088e0: 6520 7375 7265 2074 6861 7420 6974 2068 e sure that it h\n-000088f0: 6173 2074 6865 2070 726f 7065 7220 7061 as the proper pa\n-00008900: 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7479 7065 2e20 2055 rtition type. U\n-00008910: 7369 6e67 0a47 4e55 2050 6172 7465 642c sing.GNU Parted,\n-00008920: 2079 6f75 2063 616e 2073 6574 2074 6869 you can set thi\n-00008930: 7320 7573 696e 6720 6120 636f 6d6d 616e s using a comman\n-00008940: 6420 7375 6368 2061 7320 7468 6520 666f d such as the fo\n-00008950: 6c6c 6f77 696e 673a 0a0a 2020 2020 2023 llowing:.. #\n-00008960: 2070 6172 7465 6420 2f64 6576 2f44 4953 parted /dev/DIS\n-00008970: 4b20 7365 7420 5041 5254 4954 494f 4e2d K set PARTITION-\n-00008980: 4e55 4d42 4552 2062 696f 735f 6772 7562 NUMBER bios_grub\n-00008990: 206f 6e0a 0a20 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2061 on.. If you a\n-000089a0: 7265 2075 7369 6e67 2067 6469 736b 2c20 re using gdisk, \n-000089b0: 7365 7420 7468 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f set the partitio\n-000089c0: 6e20 7479 7065 2074 6f20 e280 9830 7845 n type to ...0xE\n-000089d0: 4630 32e2 8099 2e20 2057 6974 680a 7061 F02.... With.pa\n-000089e0: 7274 6974 696f 6e69 6e67 2070 726f 6772 rtitioning progr\n-000089f0: 616d 7320 7468 6174 2072 6571 7569 7265 ams that require\n-00008a00: 2073 6574 7469 6e67 2074 6865 2047 5549 setting the GUI\n-00008a10: 4420 6469 7265 6374 6c79 2c20 6974 2073 D directly, it s\n-00008a20: 686f 756c 640a 6265 20e2 8098 3231 3638 hould.be ...2168\n-00008a30: 3631 3438 2d36 3434 392d 3665 3666 2d37 6148-6449-6e6f-7\n-00008a40: 3434 6536 3536 3536 3434 3534 3634 39e2 44e656564454649.\n-00008a50: 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 2a43 6175 7469 6f6e ..... *Caution\n-00008a60: 3a2a 2042 6520 7665 7279 2063 6172 6566 :* Be very caref\n-00008a70: 756c 2077 6869 6368 2070 6172 7469 7469 ul which partiti\n-00008a80: 6f6e 2079 6f75 2073 656c 6563 7421 2020 on you select! \n-00008a90: 5768 656e 2047 5255 420a 6669 6e64 7320 When GRUB.finds \n-00008aa0: 6120 4249 4f53 2042 6f6f 7420 5061 7274 a BIOS Boot Part\n-00008ab0: 6974 696f 6e20 6475 7269 6e67 2069 6e73 ition during ins\n-00008ac0: 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e2c 2069 7420 7769 tallation, it wi\n-00008ad0: 6c6c 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 6c79 ll automatically\n-00008ae0: 0a6f 7665 7277 7269 7465 2070 6172 7420 .overwrite part \n-00008af0: 6f66 2069 742e 2020 4d61 6b65 2073 7572 of it. Make sur\n-00008b00: 6520 7468 6174 2074 6865 2070 6172 7469 e that the parti\n-00008b10: 7469 6f6e 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 636f tion does not co\n-00008b20: 6e74 6169 6e20 616e 790a 6f74 6865 7220 ntain any.other \n-00008b30: 6461 7461 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 data.....File: g\n-00008b40: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-00008b50: 2042 6f6f 7469 6e67 2c20 204e 6578 743a Booting, Next:\n-00008b60: 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2c20 Configuration, \n-00008b70: 2050 7265 763a 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 Prev: Installat\n-00008b80: 696f 6e2c 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a35 ion, Up: Top..5\n-00008b90: 2042 6f6f 7469 6e67 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a Booting.*******\n-00008ba0: 2a2a 0a0a 4752 5542 2063 616e 206c 6f61 **..GRUB can loa\n-00008bb0: 6420 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 742d 636f 6d70 d Multiboot-comp\n-00008bc0: 6c69 616e 7420 6b65 726e 656c 7320 696e liant kernels in\n-00008bd0: 2061 2063 6f6e 7369 7374 656e 7420 7761 a consistent wa\n-00008be0: 792c 2062 7574 2066 6f72 0a73 6f6d 6520 y, but for.some \n-00008bf0: 6672 6565 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 free operating s\n-00008c00: 7973 7465 6d73 2079 6f75 206e 6565 6420 ystems you need \n-00008c10: 746f 2075 7365 2073 6f6d 6520 4f53 2d73 to use some OS-s\n-00008c20: 7065 6369 6669 6320 6d61 6769 632e 0a0a pecific magic...\n-00008c30: 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2047 656e 6572 * Menu:..* Gener\n-00008c40: 616c 2062 6f6f 7420 6d65 7468 6f64 733a al boot methods:\n-00008c50: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2048 6f77 2074 6f20 : How to \n-00008c60: 626f 6f74 204f 5365 7320 7769 7468 2047 boot OSes with G\n-00008c70: 5255 4220 6765 6e65 7261 6c6c 790a 2a20 RUB generally.* \n-00008c80: 4c6f 6f70 6261 636b 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 Loopback booting\n-00008c90: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4e6f :: No\n-00008ca0: 7465 7320 6f6e 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2066 tes on booting f\n-00008cb0: 726f 6d20 6c6f 6f70 6261 636b 730a 2a20 rom loopbacks.* \n-00008cc0: 4c56 4d20 6361 6368 6520 626f 6f74 696e LVM cache bootin\n-00008cd0: 673a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4e6f g:: No\n-00008ce0: 7465 7320 6f6e 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2066 tes on booting f\n-00008cf0: 726f 6d20 4c56 4d20 6361 6368 6520 6c6f rom LVM cache lo\n-00008d00: 6769 6361 6c20 766f 6c75 6d65 0a2a 204f gical volume.* O\n-00008d10: 532d 7370 6563 6966 6963 206e 6f74 6573 S-specific notes\n-00008d20: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204e 6f74 :: Not\n-00008d30: 6573 206f 6e20 736f 6d65 206f 7065 7261 es on some opera\n-00008d40: 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d73 0a0a 1f0a ting systems....\n-00008d50: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-00008d60: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 Node: General \n-00008d70: 626f 6f74 206d 6574 686f 6473 2c20 204e boot methods, N\n-00008d80: 6578 743a 204c 6f6f 7062 6163 6b20 626f ext: Loopback bo\n-00008d90: 6f74 696e 672c 2020 5570 3a20 426f 6f74 oting, Up: Boot\n-00008da0: 696e 670a 0a35 2e31 2048 6f77 2074 6f20 ing..5.1 How to \n-00008db0: 626f 6f74 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 boot operating s\n-00008dc0: 7973 7465 6d73 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ystems.=========\n+000072a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4966 2074 ==========..If t\n+000072b0: 6865 2064 6576 6963 6520 6d61 7020 6669 he device map fi\n+000072c0: 6c65 2065 7869 7374 732c 2074 6865 2047 le exists, the G\n+000072d0: 5255 4220 7574 696c 6974 6965 7320 28e2 RUB utilities (.\n+000072e0: 8098 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 e280 992c ..grub-probe...,\n+000072f0: 2065 7463 2e29 0a72 6561 6420 6974 2074 etc.).read it t\n+00007300: 6f20 6d61 7020 4249 4f53 2064 7269 7665 o map BIOS drive\n+00007310: 7320 746f 204f 5320 6465 7669 6365 732e s to OS devices.\n+00007320: 2020 5468 6973 2066 696c 6520 636f 6e73 This file cons\n+00007330: 6973 7473 206f 6620 6c69 6e65 730a 6c69 ists of lines.li\n+00007340: 6b65 2074 6869 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 2028 ke this:.. (\n+00007350: 4445 5649 4345 2920 4649 4c45 0a0a 2020 DEVICE) FILE.. \n+00007360: 2044 4556 4943 4520 6973 2061 2064 7269 DEVICE is a dri\n+00007370: 7665 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2069 6e20 ve specified in \n+00007380: 7468 6520 4752 5542 2073 796e 7461 7820 the GRUB syntax \n+00007390: 282a 6e6f 7465 2044 6576 6963 650a 7379 (*note Device.sy\n+000073a0: 6e74 6178 3a3a 292c 2061 6e64 2046 494c ntax::), and FIL\n+000073b0: 4520 6973 2061 6e20 4f53 2066 696c 652c E is an OS file,\n+000073c0: 2077 6869 6368 2069 7320 6e6f 726d 616c which is normal\n+000073d0: 6c79 2061 2064 6576 6963 6520 6669 6c65 ly a device file\n+000073e0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 4869 7374 6f72 6963 616c ... 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The map bet\n+00007490: 7765 656e 2042 494f 5320 6472 6976 6573 ween BIOS drives\n+000074a0: 2061 6e64 204f 5320 6465 7669 6365 7320 and OS devices \n+000074b0: 6361 6e6e 6f74 0a61 6c77 6179 7320 6265 cannot.always be\n+000074c0: 2067 7565 7373 6564 2063 6f72 7265 6374 guessed correct\n+000074d0: 6c79 3a20 666f 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c ly: for example,\n+000074e0: 2047 5255 4220 7769 6c6c 2067 6574 2074 GRUB will get t\n+000074f0: 6865 206f 7264 6572 2077 726f 6e67 0a69 he order wrong.i\n+00007500: 6620 796f 7520 6578 6368 616e 6765 2074 f you exchange t\n+00007510: 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 7365 7175 656e 6365 he boot sequence\n+00007520: 2062 6574 7765 656e 2049 4445 2061 6e64 between IDE and\n+00007530: 2053 4353 4920 696e 2079 6f75 7220 4249 SCSI in your BI\n+00007540: 4f53 2e0a 0a20 2020 556e 666f 7274 756e OS... Unfortun\n+00007550: 6174 656c 792c 2065 7665 6e20 4f53 2064 ately, even OS d\n+00007560: 6576 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 6172 6520 evice names are \n+00007570: 6e6f 7420 616c 7761 7973 2073 7461 626c not always stabl\n+00007580: 652e 2020 4d6f 6465 726e 0a76 6572 7369 e. 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As \n+00007650: 6120 7265 7375 6c74 2c20 7468 6520 6465 a result, the de\n+00007660: 7669 6365 206d 6170 0a66 696c 6520 7265 vice map.file re\n+00007670: 7175 6972 6564 2066 7265 7175 656e 7420 quired frequent \n+00007680: 6564 6974 696e 6720 6f6e 2073 6f6d 6520 editing on some \n+00007690: 7379 7374 656d 732e 0a0a 2020 2047 5255 systems... GRU\n+000076a0: 4220 6176 6f69 6473 2074 6869 7320 7072 B avoids this pr\n+000076b0: 6f62 6c65 6d20 6e6f 7761 6461 7973 2062 oblem nowadays b\n+000076c0: 7920 7573 696e 6720 5555 4944 7320 6f72 y using UUIDs or\n+000076d0: 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d 0a6c 6162 file system.lab\n+000076e0: 656c 7320 7768 656e 2067 656e 6572 6174 els when generat\n+000076f0: 696e 6720 e280 9867 7275 622e 6366 67e2 ing ...grub.cfg.\n+00007700: 8099 2c20 616e 6420 7765 2061 6476 6973 .., and we advis\n+00007710: 6520 7468 6174 2079 6f75 2064 6f20 7468 e that you do th\n+00007720: 6520 7361 6d65 0a66 6f72 2061 6e79 2063 e same.for any c\n+00007730: 7573 746f 6d20 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 ustom menu entri\n+00007740: 6573 2079 6f75 2077 7269 7465 2e20 2049 es you write. I\n+00007750: 6620 7468 6520 6465 7669 6365 206d 6170 f the device map\n+00007760: 2066 696c 6520 646f 6573 206e 6f74 0a65 file does not.e\n+00007770: 7869 7374 2c20 7468 656e 2074 6865 2047 xist, then the G\n+00007780: 5255 4220 7574 696c 6974 6965 7320 7769 RUB utilities wi\n+00007790: 6c6c 2061 7373 756d 6520 6120 7465 6d70 ll assume a temp\n+000077a0: 6f72 6172 7920 6465 7669 6365 206d 6170 orary device map\n+000077b0: 206f 6e20 7468 650a 666c 792e 2020 5468 on the.fly. Th\n+000077c0: 6973 2069 7320 6f66 7465 6e20 676f 6f64 is is often good\n+000077d0: 2065 6e6f 7567 682c 2070 6172 7469 6375 enough, particu\n+000077e0: 6c61 726c 7920 696e 2074 6865 2063 6f6d larly in the com\n+000077f0: 6d6f 6e20 6361 7365 206f 660a 7369 6e67 mon case of.sing\n+00007800: 6c65 2d64 6973 6b20 7379 7374 656d 732e le-disk systems.\n+00007810: 0a0a 2020 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 7468 .. However, th\n+00007820: 6520 6465 7669 6365 206d 6170 2066 696c e device map fil\n+00007830: 6520 6973 206e 6f74 2065 6e74 6972 656c e is not entirel\n+00007840: 7920 6f62 736f 6c65 7465 2079 6574 2c20 y obsolete yet, \n+00007850: 616e 6420 6974 2069 730a 7573 6564 2066 and it is.used f\n+00007860: 6f72 206f 7665 7272 6964 696e 6720 7768 or overriding wh\n+00007870: 656e 2063 7572 7265 6e74 2065 6e76 6972 en current envir\n+00007880: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2069 7320 6469 6666 6572 onment is differ\n+00007890: 656e 7420 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 206f 6e65 ent from the one\n+000078a0: 0a6f 6e20 626f 6f74 2e20 204d 6f73 7420 .on boot. Most \n+000078b0: 636f 6d6d 6f6e 2063 6173 6520 6973 2069 common case is i\n+000078c0: 6620 796f 7520 7573 6520 6120 7061 7274 f you use a part\n+000078d0: 6974 696f 6e20 6f72 206c 6f67 6963 616c ition or logical\n+000078e0: 2076 6f6c 756d 650a 6173 2061 2064 6973 volume.as a dis\n+000078f0: 6b20 666f 7220 7669 7274 7561 6c20 6d61 k for virtual ma\n+00007900: 6368 696e 652e 2020 596f 7520 6361 6e20 chine. You can \n+00007910: 7075 7420 616e 7920 636f 6d6d 656e 7473 put any comments\n+00007920: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6669 6c65 2069 660a in the file if.\n+00007930: 6e65 6564 6564 2c20 6173 2074 6865 2047 needed, as the G\n+00007940: 5255 4220 7574 696c 6974 6965 7320 6173 RUB utilities as\n+00007950: 7375 6d65 2074 6861 7420 6120 6c69 6e65 sume that a line\n+00007960: 2069 7320 6a75 7374 2061 2063 6f6d 6d65 is just a comme\n+00007970: 6e74 2069 660a 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 nt if.the first \n+00007980: 6368 6172 6163 7465 7220 6973 20e2 8098 character is ...\n+00007990: 23e2 8099 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 #........File: g\n+000079a0: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+000079b0: 2042 494f 5320 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 BIOS installati\n+000079c0: 6f6e 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2044 6576 6963 on, Prev: Devic\n+000079d0: 6520 6d61 702c 2020 5570 3a20 496e 7374 e map, Up: Inst\n+000079e0: 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 0a0a 342e 3420 4249 allation..4.4 BI\n+000079f0: 4f53 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e0a OS installation.\n+00007a00: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00007a10: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a4d 4252 0a3d 3d3d 0a0a =====..MBR.===..\n+00007a20: 5468 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7461 The partition ta\n+00007a30: 626c 6520 666f 726d 6174 2074 7261 6469 ble format tradi\n+00007a40: 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 2075 7365 6420 6f6e tionally used on\n+00007a50: 2050 4320 4249 4f53 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 PC BIOS platfor\n+00007a60: 6d73 2069 730a 6361 6c6c 6564 2074 6865 ms is.called the\n+00007a70: 204d 6173 7465 7220 426f 6f74 2052 6563 Master Boot Rec\n+00007a80: 6f72 6420 284d 4252 2920 666f 726d 6174 ord (MBR) format\n+00007a90: 3b20 7468 6973 2069 7320 7468 6520 666f ; this is the fo\n+00007aa0: 726d 6174 2074 6861 740a 616c 6c6f 7773 rmat that.allows\n+00007ab0: 2075 7020 746f 2066 6f75 7220 7072 696d up to four prim\n+00007ac0: 6172 7920 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e73 2061 ary partitions a\n+00007ad0: 6e64 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 6c6f nd additional lo\n+00007ae0: 6769 6361 6c20 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e73 gical partitions\n+00007af0: 2e0a 5769 7468 2074 6869 7320 7061 7274 ..With this part\n+00007b00: 6974 696f 6e20 7461 626c 6520 666f 726d ition table form\n+00007b10: 6174 2c20 7468 6572 6520 6172 6520 7477 at, there are tw\n+00007b20: 6f20 7761 7973 2074 6f20 696e 7374 616c o ways to instal\n+00007b30: 6c20 4752 5542 3a20 6974 0a63 616e 2062 l GRUB: it.can b\n+00007b40: 6520 656d 6265 6464 6564 2069 6e20 7468 e embedded in th\n+00007b50: 6520 6172 6561 2062 6574 7765 656e 2074 e area between t\n+00007b60: 6865 204d 4252 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2066 he MBR and the f\n+00007b70: 6972 7374 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 0a28 irst partition.(\n+00007b80: 6361 6c6c 6564 2062 7920 7661 7269 6f75 called by variou\n+00007b90: 7320 6e61 6d65 732c 2073 7563 6820 6173 s names, such as\n+00007ba0: 2074 6865 2022 626f 6f74 2074 7261 636b the \"boot track\n+00007bb0: 222c 2022 4d42 5220 6761 7022 2c20 6f72 \", \"MBR gap\", or\n+00007bc0: 0a22 656d 6265 6464 696e 6720 6172 6561 .\"embedding area\n+00007bd0: 222c 2061 6e64 2077 6869 6368 2069 7320 \", and which is \n+00007be0: 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 6174 206c 6561 7374 usually at least\n+00007bf0: 2031 3030 3020 4b69 4229 2c20 6f72 2074 1000 KiB), or t\n+00007c00: 6865 2063 6f72 650a 696d 6167 6520 6361 he core.image ca\n+00007c10: 6e20 6265 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2069 n be installed i\n+00007c20: 6e20 6120 6669 6c65 2073 7973 7465 6d20 n a file system \n+00007c30: 616e 6420 6120 6c69 7374 206f 6620 7468 and a list of th\n+00007c40: 6520 626c 6f63 6b73 2074 6861 740a 6d61 e blocks that.ma\n+00007c50: 6b65 2069 7420 7570 2063 616e 2062 6520 ke it up can be \n+00007c60: 7374 6f72 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6669 stored in the fi\n+00007c70: 7273 7420 7365 6374 6f72 206f 6620 7468 rst sector of th\n+00007c80: 6174 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 at partition... \n+00007c90: 2020 4d6f 6465 726e 2074 6f6f 6c73 2075 Modern tools u\n+00007ca0: 7375 616c 6c79 206c 6561 7665 204d 4252 sually leave MBR\n+00007cb0: 2067 6170 206f 6620 6174 206c 6561 7374 gap of at least\n+00007cc0: 2031 3032 3320 4b69 422e 2054 6869 7320 1023 KiB. This \n+00007cd0: 616d 6f75 6e74 0a69 7320 7375 6666 6963 amount.is suffic\n+00007ce0: 6965 6e74 2074 6f20 636f 7665 7220 6d6f ient to cover mo\n+00007cf0: 7374 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e st configuration\n+00007d00: 732e 2020 4865 6e63 6520 7468 6973 2076 s. Hence this v\n+00007d10: 616c 7565 2069 730a 7265 636f 6d6d 656e alue is.recommen\n+00007d20: 6465 6420 6279 2074 6865 2047 5255 4220 ded by the GRUB \n+00007d30: 7465 616d 2e0a 0a20 2020 4869 7374 6f72 team... Histor\n+00007d40: 6963 616c 6c79 206d 616e 7920 746f 6f6c ically many tool\n+00007d50: 7320 6c65 6674 206f 6e6c 7920 3331 204b s left only 31 K\n+00007d60: 6942 206f 6620 7370 6163 652e 2020 5468 iB of space. Th\n+00007d70: 6973 2069 7320 6e6f 740a 656e 6f75 6768 is is not.enough\n+00007d80: 2074 6f20 7061 7273 6520 7265 6c69 6162 to parse reliab\n+00007d90: 6c79 2064 6966 6669 6375 6c74 2073 7472 ly difficult str\n+00007da0: 7563 7475 7265 7320 6c69 6b65 2042 7472 uctures like Btr\n+00007db0: 6673 2c20 5a46 532c 2052 4149 4420 6f72 fs, ZFS, RAID or\n+00007dc0: 0a4c 564d 2c20 6f72 2074 6f20 7573 6520 .LVM, or to use \n+00007dd0: 6469 6666 6963 756c 7420 6469 736b 2061 difficult disk a\n+00007de0: 6363 6573 7320 6d65 7468 6f64 7320 6c69 ccess methods li\n+00007df0: 6b65 2061 6863 692e 2020 4865 6e63 6520 ke ahci. 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ROMFS\n+00008000: 2c20 5346 532c 2074 6172 2c20 5544 462c , SFS, tar, UDF,\n+00008010: 2055 4653 312c 2055 4653 322c 2058 4653 UFS1, UFS2, XFS\n+00008020: 0a0a 2020 204d 4252 2067 6170 2068 6173 .. MBR gap has\n+00008030: 2066 6577 2074 6563 686e 6963 616c 2070 few technical p\n+00008040: 726f 626c 656d 732e 2020 5468 6572 6520 roblems. 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G\n+00008110: 5255 4220 776f 726b 7320 6172 6f75 6e64 RUB works around\n+00008120: 2069 7420 6279 2064 6574 6563 7469 6e67 it by detecting\n+00008130: 0a73 6563 746f 7273 2062 7920 6f74 6865 .sectors by othe\n+00008140: 7220 736f 6674 7761 7265 2061 6e64 2061 r software and a\n+00008150: 766f 6964 696e 6720 7468 656d 2061 6e64 voiding them and\n+00008160: 2070 726f 7465 6374 696e 6720 6974 7320 protecting its \n+00008170: 6f77 6e0a 7365 6374 6f72 7320 7573 696e own.sectors usin\n+00008180: 6720 5265 6564 2d53 6f6c 6f6d 6f6e 2065 g Reed-Solomon e\n+00008190: 6e63 6f64 696e 672e 0a0a 2020 2047 5255 ncoding... GRU\n+000081a0: 4220 7465 616d 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 B team recommend\n+000081b0: 7320 6861 7669 6e67 204d 4252 2067 6170 s having MBR gap\n+000081c0: 206f 6620 6174 206c 6561 7374 2031 3030 of at least 100\n+000081d0: 3020 4b69 422e 0a0a 2020 2053 686f 756c 0 KiB... Shoul\n+000081e0: 6420 6974 206e 6f74 2062 6520 706f 7373 d it not be poss\n+000081f0: 6962 6c65 2c20 4752 5542 2068 6173 2073 ible, GRUB has s\n+00008200: 7570 706f 7274 2066 6f72 2061 2066 616c upport for a fal\n+00008210: 6c62 6163 6b20 736f 6c75 7469 6f6e 0a77 lback solution.w\n+00008220: 6869 6368 2069 7320 6865 6176 696c 7920 hich is heavily \n+00008230: 7265 636f 6d6d 656e 6465 6420 6167 6169 recommended agai\n+00008240: 6e73 742e 2020 496e 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 nst. Installing\n+00008250: 2074 6f20 6120 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d to a filesystem\n+00008260: 206d 6561 6e73 0a74 6861 7420 4752 5542 means.that GRUB\n+00008270: 2069 7320 7675 6c6e 6572 6162 6c65 2074 is vulnerable t\n+00008280: 6f20 6974 7320 626c 6f63 6b73 2062 6569 o its blocks bei\n+00008290: 6e67 206d 6f76 6564 2061 726f 756e 6420 ng moved around \n+000082a0: 6279 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d0a 6665 by filesystem.fe\n+000082b0: 6174 7572 6573 2073 7563 6820 6173 2074 atures such as t\n+000082c0: 6169 6c20 7061 636b 696e 672c 206f 7220 ail packing, or \n+000082d0: 6576 656e 2062 7920 6167 6772 6573 7369 even by aggressi\n+000082e0: 7665 2066 7363 6b0a 696d 706c 656d 656e ve fsck.implemen\n+000082f0: 7461 7469 6f6e 732c 2073 6f20 7468 6973 tations, so this\n+00008300: 2061 7070 726f 6163 6820 6973 2071 7569 approach is qui\n+00008310: 7465 2066 7261 6769 6c65 3b20 616e 6420 te fragile; and \n+00008320: 7468 6973 2061 7070 726f 6163 680a 6361 this approach.ca\n+00008330: 6e20 6f6e 6c79 2062 6520 7573 6564 2069 n only be used i\n+00008340: 6620 7468 6520 e280 982f 626f 6f74 e280 f the .../boot..\n+00008350: 9920 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2069 7320 . filesystem is \n+00008360: 6f6e 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6469 736b on the same disk\n+00008370: 2074 6861 7420 7468 650a 4249 4f53 2062 that the.BIOS b\n+00008380: 6f6f 7473 2066 726f 6d2c 2073 6f20 7468 oots from, so th\n+00008390: 6174 2047 5255 4220 646f 6573 206e 6f74 at GRUB does not\n+000083a0: 2068 6176 6520 746f 2072 656c 7920 6f6e have to rely on\n+000083b0: 2067 7565 7373 696e 6720 4249 4f53 0a64 guessing BIOS.d\n+000083c0: 7269 7665 206e 756d 6265 7273 2e0a 0a20 rive numbers... \n+000083d0: 2020 5468 6520 4752 5542 2064 6576 656c The GRUB devel\n+000083e0: 6f70 6d65 6e74 2074 6561 6d20 6765 6e65 opment team gene\n+000083f0: 7261 6c6c 7920 7265 636f 6d6d 656e 6473 rally recommends\n+00008400: 2065 6d62 6564 6469 6e67 2047 5255 4220 embedding GRUB \n+00008410: 6265 666f 7265 0a74 6865 2066 6972 7374 before.the first\n+00008420: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2c20 756e 6c65 partition, unle\n+00008430: 7373 2079 6f75 2068 6176 6520 7370 6563 ss you have spec\n+00008440: 6961 6c20 7265 7175 6972 656d 656e 7473 ial requirements\n+00008450: 2e20 2059 6f75 206d 7573 740a 656e 7375 . You must.ensu\n+00008460: 7265 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 6669 7273 re that the firs\n+00008470: 7420 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7374 6172 t partition star\n+00008480: 7473 2061 7420 6c65 6173 7420 3130 3030 ts at least 1000\n+00008490: 204b 6942 2028 3230 3030 2073 6563 746f KiB (2000 secto\n+000084a0: 7273 290a 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2073 7461 rs).from the sta\n+000084b0: 7274 206f 6620 7468 6520 6469 736b 3b20 rt of the disk; \n+000084c0: 6f6e 206d 6f64 6572 6e20 6469 736b 732c on modern disks,\n+000084d0: 2069 7420 6973 206f 6674 656e 2061 2070 it is often a p\n+000084e0: 6572 666f 726d 616e 6365 0a61 6476 616e erformance.advan\n+000084f0: 7461 6765 2074 6f20 616c 6967 6e20 7061 tage to align pa\n+00008500: 7274 6974 696f 6e73 206f 6e20 6c61 7267 rtitions on larg\n+00008510: 6572 2062 6f75 6e64 6172 6965 7320 616e er boundaries an\n+00008520: 7977 6179 2c20 736f 2074 6865 2066 6972 yway, so the fir\n+00008530: 7374 0a70 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 206d 6967 st.partition mig\n+00008540: 6874 2073 7461 7274 2031 204d 6942 2066 ht start 1 MiB f\n+00008550: 726f 6d20 7468 6520 7374 6172 7420 6f66 rom the start of\n+00008560: 2074 6865 2064 6973 6b2e 0a0a 4750 540a the disk...GPT.\n+00008570: 3d3d 3d0a 0a53 6f6d 6520 6e65 7765 7220 ===..Some newer \n+00008580: 7379 7374 656d 7320 7573 6520 7468 6520 systems use the \n+00008590: 4755 4944 2050 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2054 GUID Partition T\n+000085a0: 6162 6c65 2028 4750 5429 2066 6f72 6d61 able (GPT) forma\n+000085b0: 742e 2020 5468 6973 2077 6173 0a73 7065 t. This was.spe\n+000085c0: 6369 6669 6564 2061 7320 7061 7274 206f cified as part o\n+000085d0: 6620 7468 6520 4578 7465 6e73 6962 6c65 f the Extensible\n+000085e0: 2046 6972 6d77 6172 6520 496e 7465 7266 Firmware Interf\n+000085f0: 6163 6520 2845 4649 292c 2062 7574 2069 ace (EFI), but i\n+00008600: 7420 6361 6e0a 616c 736f 2062 6520 7573 t can.also be us\n+00008610: 6564 206f 6e20 4249 4f53 2070 6c61 7466 ed on BIOS platf\n+00008620: 6f72 6d73 2069 6620 7379 7374 656d 2073 orms if system s\n+00008630: 6f66 7477 6172 6520 7375 7070 6f72 7473 oftware supports\n+00008640: 2069 743b 2066 6f72 0a65 7861 6d70 6c65 it; for.example\n+00008650: 2c20 4752 5542 2061 6e64 2047 4e55 2f4c , GRUB and GNU/L\n+00008660: 696e 7578 2063 616e 2062 6520 7573 6564 inux can be used\n+00008670: 2069 6e20 7468 6973 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 in this configu\n+00008680: 7261 7469 6f6e 2e20 2057 6974 680a 7468 ration. With.th\n+00008690: 6973 2066 6f72 6d61 742c 2069 7420 6973 is format, it is\n+000086a0: 2070 6f73 7369 626c 6520 746f 2072 6573 possible to res\n+000086b0: 6572 7665 2061 2077 686f 6c65 2070 6172 erve a whole par\n+000086c0: 7469 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 2047 5255 422c tition for GRUB,\n+000086d0: 0a63 616c 6c65 6420 7468 6520 4249 4f53 .called the BIOS\n+000086e0: 2042 6f6f 7420 5061 7274 6974 696f 6e2e Boot Partition.\n+000086f0: 2020 4752 5542 2063 616e 2074 6865 6e20 GRUB can then \n+00008700: 6265 2065 6d62 6564 6465 6420 696e 746f be embedded into\n+00008710: 2074 6861 740a 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 that.partition \n+00008720: 7769 7468 6f75 7420 7468 6520 7269 736b without the risk\n+00008730: 206f 6620 6265 696e 6720 6f76 6572 7772 of being overwr\n+00008740: 6974 7465 6e20 6279 206f 7468 6572 2073 itten by other s\n+00008750: 6f66 7477 6172 6520 616e 640a 7769 7468 oftware and.with\n+00008760: 6f75 7420 6265 696e 6720 636f 6e74 6169 out being contai\n+00008770: 6e65 6420 696e 2061 2066 696c 6573 7973 ned in a filesys\n+00008780: 7465 6d20 7768 6963 6820 6d69 6768 7420 tem which might \n+00008790: 6d6f 7665 2069 7473 2062 6c6f 636b 730a move its blocks.\n+000087a0: 6172 6f75 6e64 2e0a 0a20 2020 5768 656e around... When\n+000087b0: 2063 7265 6174 696e 6720 6120 4249 4f53 creating a BIOS\n+000087c0: 2042 6f6f 7420 5061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 Boot Partition \n+000087d0: 6f6e 2061 2047 5054 2073 7973 7465 6d2c on a GPT system,\n+000087e0: 2079 6f75 2073 686f 756c 6420 6d61 6b65 you should make\n+000087f0: 0a73 7572 6520 7468 6174 2069 7420 6973 .sure that it is\n+00008800: 2061 7420 6c65 6173 7420 3331 204b 6942 at least 31 KiB\n+00008810: 2069 6e20 7369 7a65 2e20 2028 4750 542d in size. (GPT-\n+00008820: 666f 726d 6174 7465 6420 6469 736b 7320 formatted disks \n+00008830: 6172 6520 6e6f 740a 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 are not.usually \n+00008840: 7061 7274 6963 756c 6172 6c79 2073 6d61 particularly sma\n+00008850: 6c6c 2c20 736f 2077 6520 7265 636f 6d6d ll, so we recomm\n+00008860: 656e 6420 7468 6174 2079 6f75 206d 616b end that you mak\n+00008870: 6520 6974 206c 6172 6765 7220 7468 616e e it larger than\n+00008880: 0a74 6865 2062 6172 6520 6d69 6e69 6d75 .the bare minimu\n+00008890: 6d2c 2073 7563 6820 6173 2031 204d 6942 m, such as 1 MiB\n+000088a0: 2c20 746f 2061 6c6c 6f77 2070 6c65 6e74 , to allow plent\n+000088b0: 7920 6f66 2072 6f6f 6d20 666f 7220 6772 y of room for gr\n+000088c0: 6f77 7468 2e29 0a59 6f75 206d 7573 7420 owth.).You must \n+000088d0: 616c 736f 206d 616b 6520 7375 7265 2074 also make sure t\n+000088e0: 6861 7420 6974 2068 6173 2074 6865 2070 hat it has the p\n+000088f0: 726f 7065 7220 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 roper partition \n+00008900: 7479 7065 2e20 2055 7369 6e67 0a47 4e55 type. Using.GNU\n+00008910: 2050 6172 7465 642c 2079 6f75 2063 616e Parted, you can\n+00008920: 2073 6574 2074 6869 7320 7573 696e 6720 set this using \n+00008930: 6120 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 7375 6368 2061 a command such a\n+00008940: 7320 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 673a s the following:\n+00008950: 0a0a 2020 2020 2023 2070 6172 7465 6420 .. # parted \n+00008960: 2f64 6576 2f44 4953 4b20 7365 7420 5041 /dev/DISK set PA\n+00008970: 5254 4954 494f 4e2d 4e55 4d42 4552 2062 RTITION-NUMBER b\n+00008980: 696f 735f 6772 7562 206f 6e0a 0a20 2020 ios_grub on.. \n+00008990: 4966 2079 6f75 2061 7265 2075 7369 6e67 If you are using\n+000089a0: 2067 6469 736b 2c20 7365 7420 7468 6520 gdisk, set the \n+000089b0: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7479 7065 2074 partition type t\n+000089c0: 6f20 e280 9830 7845 4630 32e2 8099 2e20 o ...0xEF02.... \n+000089d0: 2057 6974 680a 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e69 With.partitioni\n+000089e0: 6e67 2070 726f 6772 616d 7320 7468 6174 ng programs that\n+000089f0: 2072 6571 7569 7265 2073 6574 7469 6e67 require setting\n+00008a00: 2074 6865 2047 5549 4420 6469 7265 6374 the GUID direct\n+00008a10: 6c79 2c20 6974 2073 686f 756c 640a 6265 ly, it should.be\n+00008a20: 20e2 8098 3231 3638 3631 3438 2d36 3434 ...21686148-644\n+00008a30: 392d 3665 3666 2d37 3434 6536 3536 3536 9-6e6f-744e65656\n+00008a40: 3434 3534 3634 39e2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 4454649...... \n+00008a50: 2a43 6175 7469 6f6e 3a2a 2042 6520 7665 *Caution:* Be ve\n+00008a60: 7279 2063 6172 6566 756c 2077 6869 6368 ry careful which\n+00008a70: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2079 6f75 2073 partition you s\n+00008a80: 656c 6563 7421 2020 5768 656e 2047 5255 elect! When GRU\n+00008a90: 420a 6669 6e64 7320 6120 4249 4f53 2042 B.finds a BIOS B\n+00008aa0: 6f6f 7420 5061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6475 oot Partition du\n+00008ab0: 7269 6e67 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f ring installatio\n+00008ac0: 6e2c 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 2061 7574 6f6d n, it will autom\n+00008ad0: 6174 6963 616c 6c79 0a6f 7665 7277 7269 atically.overwri\n+00008ae0: 7465 2070 6172 7420 6f66 2069 742e 2020 te part of it. \n+00008af0: 4d61 6b65 2073 7572 6520 7468 6174 2074 Make sure that t\n+00008b00: 6865 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2064 6f65 he partition doe\n+00008b10: 7320 6e6f 7420 636f 6e74 6169 6e20 616e s not contain an\n+00008b20: 790a 6f74 6865 7220 6461 7461 2e0a 0a1f y.other data....\n+00008b30: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+00008b40: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2042 6f6f 7469 6e67 , Node: Booting\n+00008b50: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 , Next: Configu\n+00008b60: 7261 7469 6f6e 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2049 ration, Prev: I\n+00008b70: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 5570 nstallation, Up\n+00008b80: 3a20 546f 700a 0a35 2042 6f6f 7469 6e67 : Top..5 Booting\n+00008b90: 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 4752 5542 .*********..GRUB\n+00008ba0: 2063 616e 206c 6f61 6420 4d75 6c74 6962 can load Multib\n+00008bb0: 6f6f 742d 636f 6d70 6c69 616e 7420 6b65 oot-compliant ke\n+00008bc0: 726e 656c 7320 696e 2061 2063 6f6e 7369 rnels in a consi\n+00008bd0: 7374 656e 7420 7761 792c 2062 7574 2066 stent way, but f\n+00008be0: 6f72 0a73 6f6d 6520 6672 6565 206f 7065 or.some free ope\n+00008bf0: 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2079 rating systems y\n+00008c00: 6f75 206e 6565 6420 746f 2075 7365 2073 ou need to use s\n+00008c10: 6f6d 6520 4f53 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 ome OS-specific \n+00008c20: 6d61 6769 632e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a magic...* Menu:.\n+00008c30: 0a2a 2047 656e 6572 616c 2062 6f6f 7420 .* General boot \n+00008c40: 6d65 7468 6f64 733a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 methods:: \n+00008c50: 2048 6f77 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 204f 5365 How to boot OSe\n+00008c60: 7320 7769 7468 2047 5255 4220 6765 6e65 s with GRUB gene\n+00008c70: 7261 6c6c 790a 2a20 4c6f 6f70 6261 636b rally.* Loopback\n+00008c80: 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 booting:: \n+00008c90: 2020 2020 2020 4e6f 7465 7320 6f6e 2062 Notes on b\n+00008ca0: 6f6f 7469 6e67 2066 726f 6d20 6c6f 6f70 ooting from loop\n+00008cb0: 6261 636b 730a 2a20 4c56 4d20 6361 6368 backs.* LVM cach\n+00008cc0: 6520 626f 6f74 696e 673a 3a20 2020 2020 e booting:: \n+00008cd0: 2020 2020 2020 4e6f 7465 7320 6f6e 2062 Notes on b\n+00008ce0: 6f6f 7469 6e67 2066 726f 6d20 4c56 4d20 ooting from LVM \n+00008cf0: 6361 6368 6520 6c6f 6769 6361 6c20 766f cache logical vo\n+00008d00: 6c75 6d65 0a2a 204f 532d 7370 6563 6966 lume.* OS-specif\n+00008d10: 6963 206e 6f74 6573 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 ic notes:: \n+00008d20: 2020 2020 204e 6f74 6573 206f 6e20 736f Notes on so\n+00008d30: 6d65 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 me operating sys\n+00008d40: 7465 6d73 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 tems....File: gr\n+00008d50: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+00008d60: 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 626f 6f74 206d 6574 General boot met\n+00008d70: 686f 6473 2c20 204e 6578 743a 204c 6f6f hods, Next: Loo\n+00008d80: 7062 6163 6b20 626f 6f74 696e 672c 2020 pback booting, \n+00008d90: 5570 3a20 426f 6f74 696e 670a 0a35 2e31 Up: Booting..5.1\n+00008da0: 2048 6f77 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 206f 7065 How to boot ope\n+00008db0: 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d73 0a3d rating systems.=\n+00008dc0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n 00008dd0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00008de0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4752 5542 2068 ========..GRUB h\n-00008df0: 6173 2074 6872 6565 2064 6973 7469 6e63 as three distinc\n-00008e00: 7420 626f 6f74 206d 6574 686f 6473 3a20 t boot methods: \n-00008e10: 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 616e 206f 7065 7261 loading an opera\n-00008e20: 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d0a 6469 7265 ting system.dire\n-00008e30: 6374 6c79 2c20 7573 696e 6720 6b65 7865 ctly, using kexe\n-00008e40: 6320 6672 6f6d 2075 7365 7273 7061 6365 c from userspace\n-00008e50: 2c20 616e 6420 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6469 , and chainloadi\n-00008e60: 6e67 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 0a62 6f6f 746c ng another.bootl\n-00008e70: 6f61 6465 722e 2020 4765 6e65 7261 6c6c oader. Generall\n-00008e80: 7920 7370 6561 6b69 6e67 2c20 7468 6520 y speaking, the \n-00008e90: 6669 7273 7420 7477 6f20 6172 6520 6d6f first two are mo\n-00008ea0: 7265 2064 6573 6972 6162 6c65 0a62 6563 re desirable.bec\n-00008eb0: 6175 7365 2079 6f75 2064 6f6e 2774 206e ause you don't n\n-00008ec0: 6565 6420 746f 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 206f eed to install o\n-00008ed0: 7220 6d61 696e 7461 696e 206f 7468 6572 r maintain other\n-00008ee0: 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 7320 616e boot loaders an\n-00008ef0: 640a 4752 5542 2069 7320 666c 6578 6962 d.GRUB is flexib\n-00008f00: 6c65 2065 6e6f 7567 6820 746f 206c 6f61 le enough to loa\n-00008f10: 6420 616e 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 d an operating s\n-00008f20: 7973 7465 6d20 6672 6f6d 2061 6e20 6172 ystem from an ar\n-00008f30: 6269 7472 6172 790a 6469 736b 2f70 6172 bitrary.disk/par\n-00008f40: 7469 7469 6f6e 2e20 2048 6f77 6576 6572 tition. However\n-00008f50: 2c20 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6469 6e67 2069 , chainloading i\n-00008f60: 7320 736f 6d65 7469 6d65 7320 7265 7175 s sometimes requ\n-00008f70: 6972 6564 2c20 6173 2047 5255 420a 646f ired, as GRUB.do\n-00008f80: 6573 6e27 7420 7375 7070 6f72 7420 616c esn't support al\n-00008f90: 6c20 6578 6973 7469 6e67 206f 7065 7261 l existing opera\n-00008fa0: 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d73 206e 6174 ting systems nat\n-00008fb0: 6976 656c 792e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a ively...* Menu:.\n-00008fc0: 0a2a 204c 6f61 6469 6e67 2061 6e20 6f70 .* Loading an op\n-00008fd0: 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 2064 erating system d\n-00008fe0: 6972 6563 746c 793a 3a0a 2a20 4b65 7865 irectly::.* Kexe\n-00008ff0: 633a 3a0a 2a20 4368 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 c::.* Chain-load\n-00009000: 696e 673a 3a0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 ing::....File: g\n-00009010: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-00009020: 204c 6f61 6469 6e67 2061 6e20 6f70 6572 Loading an oper\n-00009030: 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 2064 6972 ating system dir\n-00009040: 6563 746c 792c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4b65 ectly, Next: Ke\n-00009050: 7865 632c 2020 5570 3a20 4765 6e65 7261 xec, Up: Genera\n-00009060: 6c20 626f 6f74 206d 6574 686f 6473 0a0a l boot methods..\n-00009070: 352e 312e 3120 486f 7720 746f 2062 6f6f 5.1.1 How to boo\n-00009080: 7420 616e 204f 5320 6469 7265 6374 6c79 t an OS directly\n-00009090: 2077 6974 6820 4752 5542 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d with GRUB.-----\n+00008de0: 0a0a 4752 5542 2068 6173 2074 6872 6565 ..GRUB has three\n+00008df0: 2064 6973 7469 6e63 7420 626f 6f74 206d distinct boot m\n+00008e00: 6574 686f 6473 3a20 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 ethods: loading \n+00008e10: 616e 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 an operating sys\n+00008e20: 7465 6d0a 6469 7265 6374 6c79 2c20 7573 tem.directly, us\n+00008e30: 696e 6720 6b65 7865 6320 6672 6f6d 2075 ing kexec from u\n+00008e40: 7365 7273 7061 6365 2c20 616e 6420 6368 serspace, and ch\n+00008e50: 6169 6e6c 6f61 6469 6e67 2061 6e6f 7468 ainloading anoth\n+00008e60: 6572 0a62 6f6f 746c 6f61 6465 722e 2020 er.bootloader. \n+00008e70: 4765 6e65 7261 6c6c 7920 7370 6561 6b69 Generally speaki\n+00008e80: 6e67 2c20 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 7477 ng, the first tw\n+00008e90: 6f20 6172 6520 6d6f 7265 2064 6573 6972 o are more desir\n+00008ea0: 6162 6c65 0a62 6563 6175 7365 2079 6f75 able.because you\n+00008eb0: 2064 6f6e 2774 206e 6565 6420 746f 2069 don't need to i\n+00008ec0: 6e73 7461 6c6c 206f 7220 6d61 696e 7461 nstall or mainta\n+00008ed0: 696e 206f 7468 6572 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f in other boot lo\n+00008ee0: 6164 6572 7320 616e 640a 4752 5542 2069 aders and.GRUB i\n+00008ef0: 7320 666c 6578 6962 6c65 2065 6e6f 7567 s flexible enoug\n+00008f00: 6820 746f 206c 6f61 6420 616e 206f 7065 h to load an ope\n+00008f10: 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6672 rating system fr\n+00008f20: 6f6d 2061 6e20 6172 6269 7472 6172 790a om an arbitrary.\n+00008f30: 6469 736b 2f70 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2e20 disk/partition. \n+00008f40: 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 6368 6169 6e6c However, chainl\n+00008f50: 6f61 6469 6e67 2069 7320 736f 6d65 7469 oading is someti\n+00008f60: 6d65 7320 7265 7175 6972 6564 2c20 6173 mes required, as\n+00008f70: 2047 5255 420a 646f 6573 6e27 7420 7375 GRUB.doesn't su\n+00008f80: 7070 6f72 7420 616c 6c20 6578 6973 7469 pport all existi\n+00008f90: 6e67 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 ng operating sys\n+00008fa0: 7465 6d73 206e 6174 6976 656c 792e 0a0a tems natively...\n+00008fb0: 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 204c 6f61 6469 * Menu:..* Loadi\n+00008fc0: 6e67 2061 6e20 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 ng an operating \n+00008fd0: 7379 7374 656d 2064 6972 6563 746c 793a system directly:\n+00008fe0: 3a0a 2a20 4b65 7865 633a 3a0a 2a20 4368 :.* Kexec::.* Ch\n+00008ff0: 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 696e 673a 3a0a 0a1f ain-loading::...\n+00009000: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+00009010: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204c 6f61 6469 6e67 , Node: Loading\n+00009020: 2061 6e20 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 an operating sy\n+00009030: 7374 656d 2064 6972 6563 746c 792c 2020 stem directly, \n+00009040: 4e65 7874 3a20 4b65 7865 632c 2020 5570 Next: Kexec, Up\n+00009050: 3a20 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 626f 6f74 206d : General boot m\n+00009060: 6574 686f 6473 0a0a 352e 312e 3120 486f ethods..5.1.1 Ho\n+00009070: 7720 746f 2062 6f6f 7420 616e 204f 5320 w to boot an OS \n+00009080: 6469 7265 6374 6c79 2077 6974 6820 4752 directly with GR\n+00009090: 5542 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d UB.-------------\n 000090a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000090b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000090c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a4d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 -----..Multiboot\n-000090d0: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f (*note Multiboo\n-000090e0: 7420 5370 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e3a t Specification:\n-000090f0: 2028 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7429 546f 702e (multiboot)Top.\n-00009100: 2920 6973 2074 6865 206e 6174 6976 650a ) is the native.\n-00009110: 666f 726d 6174 2073 7570 706f 7274 6564 format supported\n-00009120: 2062 7920 4752 5542 2e20 466f 7220 7468 by GRUB. For th\n-00009130: 6520 7361 6b65 206f 6620 636f 6e76 656e e sake of conven\n-00009140: 6965 6e63 652c 2074 6865 7265 2069 7320 ience, there is \n-00009150: 616c 736f 0a73 7570 706f 7274 2066 6f72 also.support for\n-00009160: 204c 696e 7578 2c20 4672 6565 4253 442c Linux, FreeBSD,\n-00009170: 204e 6574 4253 4420 616e 6420 4f70 656e NetBSD and Open\n-00009180: 4253 442e 2049 6620 796f 7520 7761 6e74 BSD. If you want\n-00009190: 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 0a6f 7468 6572 206f to boot.other o\n-000091a0: 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d73 perating systems\n-000091b0: 2c20 796f 7520 7769 6c6c 2068 6176 6520 , you will have \n-000091c0: 746f 2063 6861 696e 2d6c 6f61 6420 7468 to chain-load th\n-000091d0: 656d 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 4368 6169 6e2d em (*note.Chain-\n-000091e0: 6c6f 6164 696e 673a 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 loading::)... \n-000091f0: 4649 584d 453a 2074 6869 7320 7365 6374 FIXME: this sect\n-00009200: 696f 6e20 6973 2069 6e63 6f6d 706c 6574 ion is incomplet\n-00009210: 652e 0a0a 2020 312e 2052 756e 2074 6865 e... 1. Run the\n-00009220: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 20e2 8098 626f 6f74 command ...boot\n-00009230: e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2062 6f6f 743a ... (*note boot:\n-00009240: 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 486f 7765 7665 722c :)... However,\n-00009250: 2044 4f53 2061 6e64 2057 696e 646f 7773 DOS and Windows\n-00009260: 2068 6176 6520 736f 6d65 2064 6566 6963 have some defic\n-00009270: 6965 6e63 6965 732c 2073 6f20 796f 7520 iencies, so you \n-00009280: 6d69 6768 7420 6861 7665 2074 6f0a 7573 might have to.us\n-00009290: 6520 6d6f 7265 2063 6f6d 706c 6963 6174 e more complicat\n-000092a0: 6564 2069 6e73 7472 7563 7469 6f6e 732e ed instructions.\n-000092b0: 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 444f 532f 5769 6e64 *Note DOS/Wind\n-000092c0: 6f77 733a 3a2c 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 650a ows::, for more.\n-000092d0: 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a information.....\n-000092e0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-000092f0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4b65 7865 632c 2020 Node: Kexec, \n-00009300: 4e65 7874 3a20 4368 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 Next: Chain-load\n-00009310: 696e 672c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4c6f 6164 ing, Prev: Load\n-00009320: 696e 6720 616e 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 ing an operating\n-00009330: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6469 7265 6374 6c79 system directly\n-00009340: 2c20 2055 703a 2047 656e 6572 616c 2062 , Up: General b\n-00009350: 6f6f 7420 6d65 7468 6f64 730a 0a35 2e31 oot methods..5.1\n-00009360: 2e32 204b 6578 6563 2077 6974 6820 6772 .2 Kexec with gr\n-00009370: 7562 322d 656d 750a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ub2-emu.--------\n-00009380: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00009390: 2d2d 0a0a 4752 5542 2063 616e 2062 6520 --..GRUB can be \n-000093a0: 7275 6e20 696e 2075 7365 7273 7061 6365 run in userspace\n-000093b0: 2062 7920 696e 766f 6b69 6e67 2074 6865 by invoking the\n-000093c0: 2067 7275 6232 2d65 6d75 2074 6f6f 6c2e grub2-emu tool.\n-000093d0: 2020 4974 2077 696c 6c0a 7265 6164 2061 It will.read a\n-000093e0: 6c6c 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e ll configuration\n-000093f0: 2073 6372 6970 7473 2061 7320 6966 2062 scripts as if b\n-00009400: 6f6f 7469 6e67 2064 6972 6563 746c 7920 ooting directly \n-00009410: 2873 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 204c 6f61 6469 (see *note Loadi\n-00009420: 6e67 0a61 6e20 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 ng.an operating \n-00009430: 7379 7374 656d 2064 6972 6563 746c 793a system directly:\n-00009440: 3a29 2e20 2057 6974 6820 7468 6520 e280 :). With the ..\n-00009450: 982d 2d6b 6578 6563 e280 9920 666c 6167 .--kexec... flag\n-00009460: 2c20 616e 6420 6b65 7865 6328 3829 0a73 , and kexec(8).s\n-00009470: 7570 706f 7274 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 upport from the \n-00009480: 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d operating system\n-00009490: 2c20 7468 6520 e280 986c 696e 7578 e280 , the ...linux..\n-000094a0: 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 7769 6c6c 2064 . command will d\n-000094b0: 6972 6563 746c 790a 626f 6f74 2074 6865 irectly.boot the\n-000094c0: 2074 6172 6765 7420 696d 6167 652e 2020 target image. \n-000094d0: 466f 7220 7379 7374 656d 7320 7468 6174 For systems that\n-000094e0: 206c 6163 6b20 776f 726b 696e 6720 7379 lack working sy\n-000094f0: 7374 656d 6374 6c28 3129 0a73 7570 706f stemctl(1).suppo\n-00009500: 7274 2066 6f72 206b 6578 6563 2c20 7061 rt for kexec, pa\n-00009510: 7373 696e 6720 7468 6520 e280 982d 2d6b ssing the ...--k\n-00009520: 6578 6563 e280 9920 666c 6167 2074 7769 exec... flag twi\n-00009530: 6365 2077 696c 6c20 6661 6c6c 6261 636b ce will fallback\n-00009540: 2074 6f0a 696e 766f 6b69 6e67 206b 6578 to.invoking kex\n-00009550: 6563 2838 2920 6469 7265 6374 6c79 3b20 ec(8) directly; \n-00009560: 6e6f 7465 2068 6f77 6576 6572 2074 6861 note however tha\n-00009570: 7420 7468 6973 2066 616c 6c62 6163 6b20 t this fallback \n-00009580: 6d61 7920 6265 0a75 6e73 6166 6520 6f75 may be.unsafe ou\n-00009590: 7473 6964 6520 7265 6164 2d6f 6e6c 7920 tside read-only \n-000095a0: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7473 2c20 6173 environments, as\n-000095b0: 2069 7420 646f 6573 206e 6f74 2069 6e76 it does not inv\n-000095c0: 6f6b 6520 7368 7574 646f 776e 0a6d 6163 oke shutdown.mac\n-000095d0: 6869 6e65 7279 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a hinery.....File:\n-000095e0: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-000095f0: 653a 2043 6861 696e 2d6c 6f61 6469 6e67 e: Chain-loading\n-00009600: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 204b 6578 6563 2c20 , Prev: Kexec, \n-00009610: 2055 703a 2047 656e 6572 616c 2062 6f6f Up: General boo\n-00009620: 7420 6d65 7468 6f64 730a 0a35 2e31 2e33 t methods..5.1.3\n-00009630: 2043 6861 696e 2d6c 6f61 6469 6e67 2061 Chain-loading a\n-00009640: 6e20 4f53 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d n OS.-----------\n-00009650: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n-00009660: 4f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d Operating system\n-00009670: 7320 7468 6174 2064 6f20 6e6f 7420 7375 s that do not su\n-00009680: 7070 6f72 7420 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 pport Multiboot \n-00009690: 616e 6420 646f 206e 6f74 2068 6176 6520 and do not have \n-000096a0: 7370 6563 6966 6963 0a73 7570 706f 7274 specific.support\n-000096b0: 2069 6e20 4752 5542 2028 7370 6563 6966 in GRUB (specif\n-000096c0: 6963 2073 7570 706f 7274 2069 7320 6176 ic support is av\n-000096d0: 6169 6c61 626c 6520 666f 7220 4c69 6e75 ailable for Linu\n-000096e0: 782c 2046 7265 6542 5344 2c0a 4e65 7442 x, FreeBSD,.NetB\n-000096f0: 5344 2061 6e64 204f 7065 6e42 5344 2920 SD and OpenBSD) \n-00009700: 6d75 7374 2062 6520 6368 6169 6e2d 6c6f must be chain-lo\n-00009710: 6164 6564 2c20 7768 6963 6820 696e 766f aded, which invo\n-00009720: 6c76 6573 206c 6f61 6469 6e67 2061 6e6f lves loading ano\n-00009730: 7468 6572 0a62 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 ther.boot loader\n-00009740: 2061 6e64 206a 756d 7069 6e67 2074 6f20 and jumping to \n-00009750: 6974 2069 6e20 7265 616c 206d 6f64 6520 it in real mode \n-00009760: 6f72 2076 6961 2074 6865 2066 6972 6d77 or via the firmw\n-00009770: 6172 652e 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 20e2 8098 are... The ...\n-00009780: 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 72e2 8099 2063 chainloader... c\n-00009790: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6368 ommand (*note ch\n-000097a0: 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 723a 3a29 2069 7320 ainloader::) is \n-000097b0: 7573 6564 2074 6f20 7365 7420 7468 6973 used to set this\n-000097c0: 0a75 702e 2020 4974 2069 7320 6e6f 726d .up. It is norm\n-000097d0: 616c 6c79 2061 6c73 6f20 6e65 6365 7373 ally also necess\n-000097e0: 6172 7920 746f 206c 6f61 6420 736f 6d65 ary to load some\n-000097f0: 2047 5255 4220 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 616e GRUB modules an\n-00009800: 6420 7365 7420 7468 650a 6170 7072 6f70 d set the.approp\n-00009810: 7269 6174 6520 726f 6f74 2064 6576 6963 riate root devic\n-00009820: 652e 2020 5075 7474 696e 6720 7468 6973 e. Putting this\n-00009830: 2074 6f67 6574 6865 722c 2077 6520 6765 together, we ge\n-00009840: 7420 736f 6d65 7468 696e 6720 6c69 6b65 t something like\n-00009850: 0a74 6869 732c 2066 6f72 2061 2057 696e .this, for a Win\n-00009860: 646f 7773 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6f6e 2074 dows system on t\n-00009870: 6865 2066 6972 7374 2070 6172 7469 7469 he first partiti\n-00009880: 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 on of the first \n-00009890: 6861 7264 0a64 6973 6b3a 0a0a 6d65 6e75 hard.disk:..menu\n-000098a0: 656e 7472 7920 2257 696e 646f 7773 2220 entry \"Windows\" \n-000098b0: 7b0a 0969 6e73 6d6f 6420 6368 6169 6e0a {..insmod chain.\n-000098c0: 0969 6e73 6d6f 6420 6e74 6673 0a09 7365 .insmod ntfs..se\n-000098d0: 7420 726f 6f74 3d28 6864 302c 3129 0a09 t root=(hd0,1)..\n-000098e0: 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 7220 2b31 0a7d chainloader +1.}\n-000098f0: 0a0a 2020 204f 6e20 7379 7374 656d 7320 .. On systems \n-00009900: 7769 7468 206d 756c 7469 706c 6520 6861 with multiple ha\n-00009910: 7264 2064 6973 6b73 2c20 616e 2061 6464 rd disks, an add\n-00009920: 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 776f 726b 6172 6f75 itional workarou\n-00009930: 6e64 206d 6179 2062 650a 7265 7175 6972 nd may be.requir\n-00009940: 6564 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 2044 4f53 2f57 ed. *Note DOS/W\n-00009950: 696e 646f 7773 3a3a 2e0a 0a20 2020 4368 indows::... Ch\n-00009960: 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 6973 206f ain-loading is o\n-00009970: 6e6c 7920 7375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 6f6e nly supported on\n-00009980: 2050 4320 4249 4f53 2061 6e64 2045 4649 PC BIOS and EFI\n-00009990: 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 platforms.....F\n-000099a0: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-000099b0: 204e 6f64 653a 204c 6f6f 7062 6163 6b20 Node: Loopback \n-000099c0: 626f 6f74 696e 672c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 booting, Next: \n-000099d0: 4c56 4d20 6361 6368 6520 626f 6f74 696e LVM cache bootin\n-000099e0: 672c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4765 6e65 7261 g, Prev: Genera\n-000099f0: 6c20 626f 6f74 206d 6574 686f 6473 2c20 l boot methods, \n-00009a00: 2055 703a 2042 6f6f 7469 6e67 0a0a 352e Up: Booting..5.\n-00009a10: 3220 4c6f 6f70 6261 636b 2062 6f6f 7469 2 Loopback booti\n-00009a20: 6e67 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ng.=============\n-00009a30: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a47 5255 4220 6973 =======..GRUB is\n-00009a40: 2061 626c 6520 746f 2072 6561 6420 6672 able to read fr\n-00009a50: 6f6d 2061 6e20 696d 6167 6520 2862 6520 om an image (be \n-00009a60: 6974 206f 6e65 206f 6620 4344 206f 7220 it one of CD or \n-00009a70: 4844 4429 2073 746f 7265 6420 6f6e 0a61 HDD) stored on.a\n-00009a80: 6e79 206f 6620 6974 7320 6163 6365 7373 ny of its access\n-00009a90: 6962 6c65 2073 746f 7261 6765 7320 2872 ible storages (r\n-00009aa0: 6566 6572 2074 6f20 2a6e 6f74 6520 6c6f efer to *note lo\n-00009ab0: 6f70 6261 636b 3a3a 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 opback:: command\n-00009ac0: 292e 0a48 6f77 6576 6572 2074 6865 204f )..However the O\n-00009ad0: 5320 6974 7365 6c66 2073 686f 756c 6420 S itself should \n-00009ae0: 6265 2061 626c 6520 746f 2066 696e 6420 be able to find \n-00009af0: 6974 7320 726f 6f74 2e20 2054 6869 7320 its root. This \n-00009b00: 7573 7561 6c6c 790a 696e 766f 6c76 6573 usually.involves\n-00009b10: 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 2061 2075 7365 7273 running a users\n-00009b20: 7061 6365 2070 726f 6772 616d 2072 756e pace program run\n-00009b30: 6e69 6e67 2062 6566 6f72 6520 7468 6520 ning before the \n-00009b40: 7265 616c 2072 6f6f 7420 6973 0a64 6973 real root is.dis\n-00009b50: 636f 7665 7265 642e 2020 5468 6973 2069 covered. This i\n-00009b60: 7320 6163 6869 6576 6564 2062 7920 4752 s achieved by GR\n-00009b70: 5542 206c 6f61 6469 6e67 2061 2073 7065 UB loading a spe\n-00009b80: 6369 616c 6c79 206d 6164 6520 736d 616c cially made smal\n-00009b90: 6c0a 696d 6167 6520 616e 6420 7061 7373 l.image and pass\n-00009ba0: 696e 6720 6974 2061 7320 7261 6d64 6973 ing it as ramdis\n-00009bb0: 6b20 746f 2074 6865 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e k to the kernel.\n-00009bc0: 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 6163 6869 6576 This is achiev\n-00009bd0: 6564 2062 790a 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 20e2 ed by.commands .\n-00009be0: 8098 6b66 7265 6562 7364 5f6d 6f64 756c ..kfreebsd_modul\n-00009bf0: 65e2 8099 2c20 e280 986b 6e65 7462 7364 e..., ...knetbsd\n-00009c00: 5f6d 6f64 756c 655f 656c 66e2 8099 2c20 _module_elf..., \n-00009c10: e280 986b 6f70 656e 6273 645f 7261 6d64 ...kopenbsd_ramd\n-00009c20: 6973 6be2 8099 2c0a e280 9869 6e69 7472 isk...,....initr\n-00009c30: 64e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 696e 6974 d... (*note init\n-00009c40: 7264 3a3a 292c 20e2 8098 696e 6974 7264 rd::), ...initrd\n-00009c50: 3136 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2069 6e69 16... (*note ini\n-00009c60: 7472 6431 363a 3a29 2c0a e280 986d 756c trd16::),....mul\n-00009c70: 7469 626f 6f74 5f6d 6f64 756c 65e2 8099 tiboot_module...\n-00009c80: 2c20 e280 986d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 325f , ...multiboot2_\n-00009c90: 6d6f 6475 6c65 e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 module... or ...\n-00009ca0: 786e 755f 7261 6d64 6973 6be2 8099 2064 xnu_ramdisk... d\n-00009cb0: 6570 656e 6469 6e67 206f 6e0a 7468 6520 epending on.the \n-00009cc0: 6c6f 6164 6572 2e20 204e 6f74 6520 7468 loader. Note th\n-00009cd0: 6174 2066 6f72 206b 6e65 7462 7364 2074 at for knetbsd t\n-00009ce0: 6865 2069 6d61 6765 206d 7573 7420 6265 he image must be\n-00009cf0: 2070 7574 2069 6e73 6964 650a 6d69 6e69 put inside.mini\n-00009d00: 726f 6f74 2e6b 6d6f 6420 616e 6420 7468 root.kmod and th\n-00009d10: 6520 7768 6f6c 6520 6d69 6e69 726f 6f74 e whole miniroot\n-00009d20: 2e6b 6d6f 6420 6861 7320 746f 2062 6520 .kmod has to be \n-00009d30: 6c6f 6164 6564 2e20 2049 6e20 6b6f 7065 loaded. In kope\n-00009d40: 6e62 7364 0a70 6179 6c6f 6164 2074 6869 nbsd.payload thi\n-00009d50: 7320 6973 2064 6973 6162 6c65 6420 6279 s is disabled by\n-00009d60: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2e20 2041 6464 6974 default. Addit\n-00009d70: 696f 6e61 6c6c 792c 2062 6568 6176 696f ionally, behavio\n-00009d80: 7572 206f 6620 696e 6974 6961 6c0a 7261 ur of initial.ra\n-00009d90: 6d64 6973 6b20 6465 7065 6e64 7320 6f6e mdisk depends on\n-00009da0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 206c 696e 6520 6f70 command line op\n-00009db0: 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 5365 7665 7261 6c20 tions. Several \n-00009dc0: 6469 7374 7269 6275 746f 7273 2070 726f distributors pro\n-00009dd0: 7669 6465 0a74 6865 2069 6d61 6765 2066 vide.the image f\n-00009de0: 6f72 2074 6869 7320 7075 7270 6f73 6520 or this purpose \n-00009df0: 6f72 2069 7427 7320 696e 7465 6772 6174 or it's integrat\n-00009e00: 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6569 7220 7374 616e ed in their stan\n-00009e10: 6461 7264 2072 616d 6469 736b 0a61 6e64 dard ramdisk.and\n-00009e20: 2061 6374 6976 6174 6564 2062 7920 7370 activated by sp\n-00009e30: 6563 6961 6c20 6f70 7469 6f6e 2e20 2043 ecial option. C\n-00009e40: 6f6e 7375 6c74 2079 6f75 7220 6b65 726e onsult your kern\n-00009e50: 656c 2061 6e64 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 el and distribut\n-00009e60: 696f 6e0a 6d61 6e75 616c 2066 6f72 206d ion.manual for m\n-00009e70: 6f72 6520 6465 7461 696c 732e 2020 4f74 ore details. Ot\n-00009e80: 6865 7220 6c6f 6164 6572 7320 6c69 6b65 her loaders like\n-00009e90: 20e2 8098 6170 706c 656c 6f61 6465 72e2 ...appleloader.\n-00009ea0: 8099 2c0a e280 9863 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 ..,....chainload\n-00009eb0: 6572 e280 9920 2842 494f 532c 2045 4649 er... (BIOS, EFI\n-00009ec0: 2c20 636f 7265 626f 6f74 292c 20e2 8098 , coreboot), ...\n-00009ed0: 6672 6565 646f 73e2 8099 2c20 e280 986e freedos..., ...n\n-00009ee0: 746c 6472 e280 992c 20e2 8098 706c 616e tldr..., ...plan\n-00009ef0: 39e2 8099 2061 6e64 0ae2 8098 7472 7565 9... and....true\n-00009f00: 6372 7970 74e2 8099 2070 726f 7669 6465 crypt... provide\n-00009f10: 206e 6f20 706f 7373 6962 696c 6974 7920 no possibility \n-00009f20: 6f66 206c 6f61 6469 6e67 2069 6e69 7469 of loading initi\n-00009f30: 616c 2072 616d 6469 736b 2061 6e64 2061 al ramdisk and a\n-00009f40: 7320 6661 720a 6173 2061 7574 686f 7220 s far.as author \n-00009f50: 6973 2061 7761 7265 2074 6865 2070 6179 is aware the pay\n-00009f60: 6c6f 6164 7320 696e 2071 7565 7374 696f loads in questio\n-00009f70: 6e20 646f 6e27 7420 7375 7070 6f72 7420 n don't support \n-00009f80: 6569 7468 6572 2069 6e69 7469 616c 0a72 either initial.r\n-00009f90: 616d 6469 736b 206f 7220 6469 7363 6f76 amdisk or discov\n-00009fa0: 6572 696e 6720 6c6f 6f70 6261 636b 2062 ering loopback b\n-00009fb0: 6f6f 7420 696e 206f 7468 6572 2077 6179 oot in other way\n-00009fc0: 2061 6e64 2061 7320 7375 6368 206e 6f74 and as such not\n-00009fd0: 0a62 6f6f 7461 626c 6520 7468 6973 2077 .bootable this w\n-00009fe0: 6179 2e20 2050 6c65 6173 6520 636f 6e73 ay. Please cons\n-00009ff0: 6964 6572 2061 6c74 6572 6e61 7469 7665 ider alternative\n-0000a000: 2062 6f6f 7420 6d65 7468 6f64 7320 6c69 boot methods li\n-0000a010: 6b65 0a63 6f70 7969 6e67 2061 6c6c 2066 ke.copying all f\n-0000a020: 696c 6573 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 696d iles from the im\n-0000a030: 6167 6520 746f 2061 6374 7561 6c20 7061 age to actual pa\n-0000a040: 7274 6974 696f 6e2e 2020 436f 6e73 756c rtition. Consul\n-0000a050: 7420 796f 7572 204f 530a 646f 6375 6d65 t your OS.docume\n-0000a060: 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 ntation for more\n-0000a070: 2064 6574 6169 6c73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c details.....Fil\n-0000a080: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-0000a090: 6f64 653a 204c 564d 2063 6163 6865 2062 ode: LVM cache b\n-0000a0a0: 6f6f 7469 6e67 2c20 204e 6578 743a 204f ooting, Next: O\n-0000a0b0: 532d 7370 6563 6966 6963 206e 6f74 6573 S-specific notes\n-0000a0c0: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 204c 6f6f 7062 6163 , Prev: Loopbac\n-0000a0d0: 6b20 626f 6f74 696e 672c 2020 5570 3a20 k booting, Up: \n-0000a0e0: 426f 6f74 696e 670a 0a35 2e33 2042 6f6f Booting..5.3 Boo\n-0000a0f0: 7469 6e67 2066 726f 6d20 4c56 4d20 6361 ting from LVM ca\n-0000a100: 6368 6520 6c6f 6769 6361 6c20 766f 6c75 che logical volu\n-0000a110: 6d65 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d me.=============\n+000090b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a4d -------------..M\n+000090c0: 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 ultiboot (*note \n+000090d0: 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 5370 6563 6966 Multiboot Specif\n+000090e0: 6963 6174 696f 6e3a 2028 6d75 6c74 6962 ication: (multib\n+000090f0: 6f6f 7429 546f 702e 2920 6973 2074 6865 oot)Top.) is the\n+00009100: 206e 6174 6976 650a 666f 726d 6174 2073 native.format s\n+00009110: 7570 706f 7274 6564 2062 7920 4752 5542 upported by GRUB\n+00009120: 2e20 466f 7220 7468 6520 7361 6b65 206f . For the sake o\n+00009130: 6620 636f 6e76 656e 6965 6e63 652c 2074 f convenience, t\n+00009140: 6865 7265 2069 7320 616c 736f 0a73 7570 here is also.sup\n+00009150: 706f 7274 2066 6f72 204c 696e 7578 2c20 port for Linux, \n+00009160: 4672 6565 4253 442c 204e 6574 4253 4420 FreeBSD, NetBSD \n+00009170: 616e 6420 4f70 656e 4253 442e 2049 6620 and OpenBSD. If \n+00009180: 796f 7520 7761 6e74 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 you want to boot\n+00009190: 0a6f 7468 6572 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 .other operating\n+000091a0: 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2c20 796f 7520 7769 systems, you wi\n+000091b0: 6c6c 2068 6176 6520 746f 2063 6861 696e ll have to chain\n+000091c0: 2d6c 6f61 6420 7468 656d 2028 2a6e 6f74 -load them (*not\n+000091d0: 650a 4368 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 696e 673a e.Chain-loading:\n+000091e0: 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 4649 584d 453a 2074 :)... FIXME: t\n+000091f0: 6869 7320 7365 6374 696f 6e20 6973 2069 his section is i\n+00009200: 6e63 6f6d 706c 6574 652e 0a0a 2020 312e ncomplete... 1.\n+00009210: 2052 756e 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 Run the command\n+00009220: 20e2 8098 626f 6f74 e280 9920 282a 6e6f ...boot... (*no\n+00009230: 7465 2062 6f6f 743a 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 te boot::)... \n+00009240: 486f 7765 7665 722c 2044 4f53 2061 6e64 However, DOS and\n+00009250: 2057 696e 646f 7773 2068 6176 6520 736f Windows have so\n+00009260: 6d65 2064 6566 6963 6965 6e63 6965 732c me deficiencies,\n+00009270: 2073 6f20 796f 7520 6d69 6768 7420 6861 so you might ha\n+00009280: 7665 2074 6f0a 7573 6520 6d6f 7265 2063 ve to.use more c\n+00009290: 6f6d 706c 6963 6174 6564 2069 6e73 7472 omplicated instr\n+000092a0: 7563 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 uctions. *Note \n+000092b0: 444f 532f 5769 6e64 6f77 733a 3a2c 2066 DOS/Windows::, f\n+000092c0: 6f72 206d 6f72 650a 696e 666f 726d 6174 or more.informat\n+000092d0: 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ion.....File: gr\n+000092e0: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+000092f0: 4b65 7865 632c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4368 Kexec, Next: Ch\n+00009300: 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 696e 672c 2020 5072 ain-loading, Pr\n+00009310: 6576 3a20 4c6f 6164 696e 6720 616e 206f ev: Loading an o\n+00009320: 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d20 perating system \n+00009330: 6469 7265 6374 6c79 2c20 2055 703a 2047 directly, Up: G\n+00009340: 656e 6572 616c 2062 6f6f 7420 6d65 7468 eneral boot meth\n+00009350: 6f64 730a 0a35 2e31 2e32 204b 6578 6563 ods..5.1.2 Kexec\n+00009360: 2077 6974 6820 6772 7562 322d 656d 750a with grub2-emu.\n+00009370: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00009380: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4752 5542 ----------..GRUB\n+00009390: 2063 616e 2062 6520 7275 6e20 696e 2075 can be run in u\n+000093a0: 7365 7273 7061 6365 2062 7920 696e 766f serspace by invo\n+000093b0: 6b69 6e67 2074 6865 2067 7275 6232 2d65 king the grub2-e\n+000093c0: 6d75 2074 6f6f 6c2e 2020 4974 2077 696c mu tool. It wil\n+000093d0: 6c0a 7265 6164 2061 6c6c 2063 6f6e 6669 l.read all confi\n+000093e0: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2073 6372 6970 7473 guration scripts\n+000093f0: 2061 7320 6966 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2064 as if booting d\n+00009400: 6972 6563 746c 7920 2873 6565 202a 6e6f irectly (see *no\n+00009410: 7465 204c 6f61 6469 6e67 0a61 6e20 6f70 te Loading.an op\n+00009420: 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 2064 erating system d\n+00009430: 6972 6563 746c 793a 3a29 2e20 2057 6974 irectly::). Wit\n+00009440: 6820 7468 6520 e280 982d 2d6b 6578 6563 h the ...--kexec\n+00009450: e280 9920 666c 6167 2c20 616e 6420 6b65 ... flag, and ke\n+00009460: 7865 6328 3829 0a73 7570 706f 7274 2066 xec(8).support f\n+00009470: 726f 6d20 7468 6520 6f70 6572 6174 696e rom the operatin\n+00009480: 6720 7379 7374 656d 2c20 7468 6520 e280 g system, the ..\n+00009490: 986c 696e 7578 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e .linux... comman\n+000094a0: 6420 7769 6c6c 2064 6972 6563 746c 790a d will directly.\n+000094b0: 626f 6f74 2074 6865 2074 6172 6765 7420 boot the target \n+000094c0: 696d 6167 652e 2020 466f 7220 7379 7374 image. For syst\n+000094d0: 656d 7320 7468 6174 206c 6163 6b20 776f ems that lack wo\n+000094e0: 726b 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 6374 6c28 rking systemctl(\n+000094f0: 3129 0a73 7570 706f 7274 2066 6f72 206b 1).support for k\n+00009500: 6578 6563 2c20 7061 7373 696e 6720 7468 exec, passing th\n+00009510: 6520 e280 982d 2d6b 6578 6563 e280 9920 e ...--kexec... \n+00009520: 666c 6167 2074 7769 6365 2077 696c 6c20 flag twice will \n+00009530: 6661 6c6c 6261 636b 2074 6f0a 696e 766f fallback to.invo\n+00009540: 6b69 6e67 206b 6578 6563 2838 2920 6469 king kexec(8) di\n+00009550: 7265 6374 6c79 3b20 6e6f 7465 2068 6f77 rectly; note how\n+00009560: 6576 6572 2074 6861 7420 7468 6973 2066 ever that this f\n+00009570: 616c 6c62 6163 6b20 6d61 7920 6265 0a75 allback may be.u\n+00009580: 6e73 6166 6520 6f75 7473 6964 6520 7265 nsafe outside re\n+00009590: 6164 2d6f 6e6c 7920 656e 7669 726f 6e6d ad-only environm\n+000095a0: 656e 7473 2c20 6173 2069 7420 646f 6573 ents, as it does\n+000095b0: 206e 6f74 2069 6e76 6f6b 6520 7368 7574 not invoke shut\n+000095c0: 646f 776e 0a6d 6163 6869 6e65 7279 2e0a down.machinery..\n+000095d0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n+000095e0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2043 6861 696e fo, Node: Chain\n+000095f0: 2d6c 6f61 6469 6e67 2c20 2050 7265 763a -loading, Prev:\n+00009600: 204b 6578 6563 2c20 2055 703a 2047 656e Kexec, Up: Gen\n+00009610: 6572 616c 2062 6f6f 7420 6d65 7468 6f64 eral boot method\n+00009620: 730a 0a35 2e31 2e33 2043 6861 696e 2d6c s..5.1.3 Chain-l\n+00009630: 6f61 6469 6e67 2061 6e20 4f53 0a2d 2d2d oading an OS.---\n+00009640: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00009650: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4f70 6572 6174 696e ------..Operatin\n+00009660: 6720 7379 7374 656d 7320 7468 6174 2064 g systems that d\n+00009670: 6f20 6e6f 7420 7375 7070 6f72 7420 4d75 o not support Mu\n+00009680: 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 616e 6420 646f 206e ltiboot and do n\n+00009690: 6f74 2068 6176 6520 7370 6563 6966 6963 ot have specific\n+000096a0: 0a73 7570 706f 7274 2069 6e20 4752 5542 .support in GRUB\n+000096b0: 2028 7370 6563 6966 6963 2073 7570 706f (specific suppo\n+000096c0: 7274 2069 7320 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 rt is available \n+000096d0: 666f 7220 4c69 6e75 782c 2046 7265 6542 for Linux, FreeB\n+000096e0: 5344 2c0a 4e65 7442 5344 2061 6e64 204f SD,.NetBSD and O\n+000096f0: 7065 6e42 5344 2920 6d75 7374 2062 6520 penBSD) must be \n+00009700: 6368 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 6564 2c20 7768 chain-loaded, wh\n+00009710: 6963 6820 696e 766f 6c76 6573 206c 6f61 ich involves loa\n+00009720: 6469 6e67 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 0a62 6f6f ding another.boo\n+00009730: 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2061 6e64 206a 756d t loader and jum\n+00009740: 7069 6e67 2074 6f20 6974 2069 6e20 7265 ping to it in re\n+00009750: 616c 206d 6f64 6520 6f72 2076 6961 2074 al mode or via t\n+00009760: 6865 2066 6972 6d77 6172 652e 0a0a 2020 he firmware... \n+00009770: 2054 6865 20e2 8098 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 The ...chainloa\n+00009780: 6465 72e2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 der... command (\n+00009790: 2a6e 6f74 6520 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 *note chainloade\n+000097a0: 723a 3a29 2069 7320 7573 6564 2074 6f20 r::) is used to \n+000097b0: 7365 7420 7468 6973 0a75 702e 2020 4974 set this.up. It\n+000097c0: 2069 7320 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2061 6c73 is normally als\n+000097d0: 6f20 6e65 6365 7373 6172 7920 746f 206c o necessary to l\n+000097e0: 6f61 6420 736f 6d65 2047 5255 4220 6d6f oad some GRUB mo\n+000097f0: 6475 6c65 7320 616e 6420 7365 7420 7468 dules and set th\n+00009800: 650a 6170 7072 6f70 7269 6174 6520 726f e.appropriate ro\n+00009810: 6f74 2064 6576 6963 652e 2020 5075 7474 ot device. Putt\n+00009820: 696e 6720 7468 6973 2074 6f67 6574 6865 ing this togethe\n+00009830: 722c 2077 6520 6765 7420 736f 6d65 7468 r, we get someth\n+00009840: 696e 6720 6c69 6b65 0a74 6869 732c 2066 ing like.this, f\n+00009850: 6f72 2061 2057 696e 646f 7773 2073 7973 or a Windows sys\n+00009860: 7465 6d20 6f6e 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 tem on the first\n+00009870: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 partition of th\n+00009880: 6520 6669 7273 7420 6861 7264 0a64 6973 e first hard.dis\n+00009890: 6b3a 0a0a 6d65 6e75 656e 7472 7920 2257 k:..menuentry \"W\n+000098a0: 696e 646f 7773 2220 7b0a 0969 6e73 6d6f indows\" {..insmo\n+000098b0: 6420 6368 6169 6e0a 0969 6e73 6d6f 6420 d chain..insmod \n+000098c0: 6e74 6673 0a09 7365 7420 726f 6f74 3d28 ntfs..set root=(\n+000098d0: 6864 302c 3129 0a09 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 hd0,1)..chainloa\n+000098e0: 6465 7220 2b31 0a7d 0a0a 2020 204f 6e20 der +1.}.. On \n+000098f0: 7379 7374 656d 7320 7769 7468 206d 756c systems with mul\n+00009900: 7469 706c 6520 6861 7264 2064 6973 6b73 tiple hard disks\n+00009910: 2c20 616e 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 , an additional \n+00009920: 776f 726b 6172 6f75 6e64 206d 6179 2062 workaround may b\n+00009930: 650a 7265 7175 6972 6564 2e20 202a 4e6f e.required. *No\n+00009940: 7465 2044 4f53 2f57 696e 646f 7773 3a3a te DOS/Windows::\n+00009950: 2e0a 0a20 2020 4368 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 ... Chain-load\n+00009960: 696e 6720 6973 206f 6e6c 7920 7375 7070 ing is only supp\n+00009970: 6f72 7465 6420 6f6e 2050 4320 4249 4f53 orted on PC BIOS\n+00009980: 2061 6e64 2045 4649 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 and EFI platfor\n+00009990: 6d73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ms.....File: gru\n+000099a0: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204c b.info, Node: L\n+000099b0: 6f6f 7062 6163 6b20 626f 6f74 696e 672c oopback booting,\n+000099c0: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4c56 4d20 6361 6368 Next: LVM cach\n+000099d0: 6520 626f 6f74 696e 672c 2020 5072 6576 e booting, Prev\n+000099e0: 3a20 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 626f 6f74 206d : General boot m\n+000099f0: 6574 686f 6473 2c20 2055 703a 2042 6f6f ethods, Up: Boo\n+00009a00: 7469 6e67 0a0a 352e 3220 4c6f 6f70 6261 ting..5.2 Loopba\n+00009a10: 636b 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d ck booting.=====\n+00009a20: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a ===============.\n+00009a30: 0a47 5255 4220 6973 2061 626c 6520 746f .GRUB is able to\n+00009a40: 2072 6561 6420 6672 6f6d 2061 6e20 696d read from an im\n+00009a50: 6167 6520 2862 6520 6974 206f 6e65 206f age (be it one o\n+00009a60: 6620 4344 206f 7220 4844 4429 2073 746f f CD or HDD) sto\n+00009a70: 7265 6420 6f6e 0a61 6e79 206f 6620 6974 red on.any of it\n+00009a80: 7320 6163 6365 7373 6962 6c65 2073 746f s accessible sto\n+00009a90: 7261 6765 7320 2872 6566 6572 2074 6f20 rages (refer to \n+00009aa0: 2a6e 6f74 6520 6c6f 6f70 6261 636b 3a3a *note loopback::\n+00009ab0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 292e 0a48 6f77 6576 command)..Howev\n+00009ac0: 6572 2074 6865 204f 5320 6974 7365 6c66 er the OS itself\n+00009ad0: 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2061 626c 6520 should be able \n+00009ae0: 746f 2066 696e 6420 6974 7320 726f 6f74 to find its root\n+00009af0: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 7573 7561 6c6c 790a . This usually.\n+00009b00: 696e 766f 6c76 6573 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 involves running\n+00009b10: 2061 2075 7365 7273 7061 6365 2070 726f a userspace pro\n+00009b20: 6772 616d 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 2062 6566 gram running bef\n+00009b30: 6f72 6520 7468 6520 7265 616c 2072 6f6f ore the real roo\n+00009b40: 7420 6973 0a64 6973 636f 7665 7265 642e t is.discovered.\n+00009b50: 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 6163 6869 6576 This is achiev\n+00009b60: 6564 2062 7920 4752 5542 206c 6f61 6469 ed by GRUB loadi\n+00009b70: 6e67 2061 2073 7065 6369 616c 6c79 206d ng a specially m\n+00009b80: 6164 6520 736d 616c 6c0a 696d 6167 6520 ade small.image \n+00009b90: 616e 6420 7061 7373 696e 6720 6974 2061 and passing it a\n+00009ba0: 7320 7261 6d64 6973 6b20 746f 2074 6865 s ramdisk to the\n+00009bb0: 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e 2020 5468 6973 2069 kernel. This i\n+00009bc0: 7320 6163 6869 6576 6564 2062 790a 636f s achieved by.co\n+00009bd0: 6d6d 616e 6473 20e2 8098 6b66 7265 6562 mmands ...kfreeb\n+00009be0: 7364 5f6d 6f64 756c 65e2 8099 2c20 e280 sd_module..., ..\n+00009bf0: 986b 6e65 7462 7364 5f6d 6f64 756c 655f .knetbsd_module_\n+00009c00: 656c 66e2 8099 2c20 e280 986b 6f70 656e elf..., ...kopen\n+00009c10: 6273 645f 7261 6d64 6973 6be2 8099 2c0a bsd_ramdisk...,.\n+00009c20: e280 9869 6e69 7472 64e2 8099 2028 2a6e ...initrd... (*n\n+00009c30: 6f74 6520 696e 6974 7264 3a3a 292c 20e2 ote initrd::), .\n+00009c40: 8098 696e 6974 7264 3136 e280 9920 282a ..initrd16... (*\n+00009c50: 6e6f 7465 2069 6e69 7472 6431 363a 3a29 note initrd16::)\n+00009c60: 2c0a e280 986d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 5f6d ,....multiboot_m\n+00009c70: 6f64 756c 65e2 8099 2c20 e280 986d 756c odule..., ...mul\n+00009c80: 7469 626f 6f74 325f 6d6f 6475 6c65 e280 tiboot2_module..\n+00009c90: 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 786e 755f 7261 6d64 . or ...xnu_ramd\n+00009ca0: 6973 6be2 8099 2064 6570 656e 6469 6e67 isk... depending\n+00009cb0: 206f 6e0a 7468 6520 6c6f 6164 6572 2e20 on.the loader. \n+00009cc0: 204e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2066 6f72 206b Note that for k\n+00009cd0: 6e65 7462 7364 2074 6865 2069 6d61 6765 netbsd the image\n+00009ce0: 206d 7573 7420 6265 2070 7574 2069 6e73 must be put ins\n+00009cf0: 6964 650a 6d69 6e69 726f 6f74 2e6b 6d6f ide.miniroot.kmo\n+00009d00: 6420 616e 6420 7468 6520 7768 6f6c 6520 d and the whole \n+00009d10: 6d69 6e69 726f 6f74 2e6b 6d6f 6420 6861 miniroot.kmod ha\n+00009d20: 7320 746f 2062 6520 6c6f 6164 6564 2e20 s to be loaded. \n+00009d30: 2049 6e20 6b6f 7065 6e62 7364 0a70 6179 In kopenbsd.pay\n+00009d40: 6c6f 6164 2074 6869 7320 6973 2064 6973 load this is dis\n+00009d50: 6162 6c65 6420 6279 2064 6566 6175 6c74 abled by default\n+00009d60: 2e20 2041 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c6c 792c . Additionally,\n+00009d70: 2062 6568 6176 696f 7572 206f 6620 696e behaviour of in\n+00009d80: 6974 6961 6c0a 7261 6d64 6973 6b20 6465 itial.ramdisk de\n+00009d90: 7065 6e64 7320 6f6e 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 pends on command\n+00009da0: 206c 696e 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 line options. \n+00009db0: 5365 7665 7261 6c20 6469 7374 7269 6275 Several distribu\n+00009dc0: 746f 7273 2070 726f 7669 6465 0a74 6865 tors provide.the\n+00009dd0: 2069 6d61 6765 2066 6f72 2074 6869 7320 image for this \n+00009de0: 7075 7270 6f73 6520 6f72 2069 7427 7320 purpose or it's \n+00009df0: 696e 7465 6772 6174 6564 2069 6e20 7468 integrated in th\n+00009e00: 6569 7220 7374 616e 6461 7264 2072 616d eir standard ram\n+00009e10: 6469 736b 0a61 6e64 2061 6374 6976 6174 disk.and activat\n+00009e20: 6564 2062 7920 7370 6563 6961 6c20 6f70 ed by special op\n+00009e30: 7469 6f6e 2e20 2043 6f6e 7375 6c74 2079 tion. Consult y\n+00009e40: 6f75 7220 6b65 726e 656c 2061 6e64 2064 our kernel and d\n+00009e50: 6973 7472 6962 7574 696f 6e0a 6d61 6e75 istribution.manu\n+00009e60: 616c 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 6465 7461 al for more deta\n+00009e70: 696c 732e 2020 4f74 6865 7220 6c6f 6164 ils. Other load\n+00009e80: 6572 7320 6c69 6b65 20e2 8098 6170 706c ers like ...appl\n+00009e90: 656c 6f61 6465 72e2 8099 2c0a e280 9863 eloader...,....c\n+00009ea0: 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 e280 9920 2842 hainloader... (B\n+00009eb0: 494f 532c 2045 4649 2c20 636f 7265 626f IOS, EFI, corebo\n+00009ec0: 6f74 292c 20e2 8098 6672 6565 646f 73e2 ot), ...freedos.\n+00009ed0: 8099 2c20 e280 986e 746c 6472 e280 992c .., ...ntldr...,\n+00009ee0: 20e2 8098 706c 616e 39e2 8099 2061 6e64 ...plan9... and\n+00009ef0: 0ae2 8098 7472 7565 6372 7970 74e2 8099 ....truecrypt...\n+00009f00: 2070 726f 7669 6465 206e 6f20 706f 7373 provide no poss\n+00009f10: 6962 696c 6974 7920 6f66 206c 6f61 6469 ibility of loadi\n+00009f20: 6e67 2069 6e69 7469 616c 2072 616d 6469 ng initial ramdi\n+00009f30: 736b 2061 6e64 2061 7320 6661 720a 6173 sk and as far.as\n+00009f40: 2061 7574 686f 7220 6973 2061 7761 7265 author is aware\n+00009f50: 2074 6865 2070 6179 6c6f 6164 7320 696e the payloads in\n+00009f60: 2071 7565 7374 696f 6e20 646f 6e27 7420 question don't \n+00009f70: 7375 7070 6f72 7420 6569 7468 6572 2069 support either i\n+00009f80: 6e69 7469 616c 0a72 616d 6469 736b 206f nitial.ramdisk o\n+00009f90: 7220 6469 7363 6f76 6572 696e 6720 6c6f r discovering lo\n+00009fa0: 6f70 6261 636b 2062 6f6f 7420 696e 206f opback boot in o\n+00009fb0: 7468 6572 2077 6179 2061 6e64 2061 7320 ther way and as \n+00009fc0: 7375 6368 206e 6f74 0a62 6f6f 7461 626c such not.bootabl\n+00009fd0: 6520 7468 6973 2077 6179 2e20 2050 6c65 e this way. Ple\n+00009fe0: 6173 6520 636f 6e73 6964 6572 2061 6c74 ase consider alt\n+00009ff0: 6572 6e61 7469 7665 2062 6f6f 7420 6d65 ernative boot me\n+0000a000: 7468 6f64 7320 6c69 6b65 0a63 6f70 7969 thods like.copyi\n+0000a010: 6e67 2061 6c6c 2066 696c 6573 2066 726f ng all files fro\n+0000a020: 6d20 7468 6520 696d 6167 6520 746f 2061 m the image to a\n+0000a030: 6374 7561 6c20 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e2e ctual partition.\n+0000a040: 2020 436f 6e73 756c 7420 796f 7572 204f Consult your O\n+0000a050: 530a 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 S.documentation \n+0000a060: 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 2064 6574 6169 6c73 for more details\n+0000a070: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n+0000a080: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204c 564d info, Node: LVM\n+0000a090: 2063 6163 6865 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2c20 cache booting, \n+0000a0a0: 204e 6578 743a 204f 532d 7370 6563 6966 Next: OS-specif\n+0000a0b0: 6963 206e 6f74 6573 2c20 2050 7265 763a ic notes, Prev:\n+0000a0c0: 204c 6f6f 7062 6163 6b20 626f 6f74 696e Loopback bootin\n+0000a0d0: 672c 2020 5570 3a20 426f 6f74 696e 670a g, Up: Booting.\n+0000a0e0: 0a35 2e33 2042 6f6f 7469 6e67 2066 726f .5.3 Booting fro\n+0000a0f0: 6d20 4c56 4d20 6361 6368 6520 6c6f 6769 m LVM cache logi\n+0000a100: 6361 6c20 766f 6c75 6d65 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d cal volume.=====\n+0000a110: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n 0000a120: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0000a130: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 ============..Th\n-0000a140: 6520 4c56 4d20 6361 6368 6520 6c6f 6769 e LVM cache logi\n-0000a150: 6361 6c20 766f 6c75 6d65 2069 7320 7468 cal volume is th\n-0000a160: 6520 6c6f 6769 6361 6c20 766f 6c75 6d65 e logical volume\n-0000a170: 2063 6f6e 7369 7374 696e 6720 6f66 2074 consisting of t\n-0000a180: 6865 0a6f 7269 6769 6e61 6c20 616e 6420 he.original and \n-0000a190: 7468 6520 6361 6368 6520 706f 6f6c 206c the cache pool l\n-0000a1a0: 6f67 6963 616c 2076 6f6c 756d 652e 2020 ogical volume. \n-0000a1b0: 5468 6520 6f72 6967 696e 616c 2069 7320 The original is \n-0000a1c0: 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 6f6e 0a61 206c 6172 usually on.a lar\n-0000a1d0: 6765 7220 616e 6420 736c 6f77 6572 2073 ger and slower s\n-0000a1e0: 746f 7261 6765 2064 6576 6963 6520 7768 torage device wh\n-0000a1f0: 696c 6520 7468 6520 6361 6368 6520 706f ile the cache po\n-0000a200: 6f6c 2069 7320 6f6e 2061 2073 6d61 6c6c ol is on a small\n-0000a210: 6572 0a61 6e64 2066 6173 7465 7220 6f6e er.and faster on\n-0000a220: 652e 2020 5468 6520 7065 7266 6f72 6d61 e. The performa\n-0000a230: 6e63 6520 6f66 2074 6865 206f 7269 6769 nce of the origi\n-0000a240: 6e61 6c20 766f 6c75 6d65 2063 616e 2062 nal volume can b\n-0000a250: 6520 696d 7072 6f76 6564 0a62 7920 7374 e improved.by st\n-0000a260: 6f72 696e 6720 7468 6520 6672 6571 7565 oring the freque\n-0000a270: 6e74 6c79 2075 7365 6420 6461 7461 206f ntly used data o\n-0000a280: 6e20 7468 6520 6361 6368 6520 706f 6f6c n the cache pool\n-0000a290: 2074 6f20 7574 696c 697a 6520 7468 650a to utilize the.\n-0000a2a0: 6772 6561 7465 7220 7065 7266 6f72 6d61 greater performa\n-0000a2b0: 6e63 6520 6f66 2066 6173 7465 7220 6465 nce of faster de\n-0000a2c0: 7669 6365 2e0a 0a20 2020 4752 5542 2062 vice... GRUB b\n-0000a2d0: 6f6f 7473 2066 726f 6d20 4c56 4d20 6361 oots from LVM ca\n-0000a2e0: 6368 6520 6c6f 6769 6361 6c20 766f 6c75 che logical volu\n-0000a2f0: 6d65 206d 6572 656c 7920 6279 2072 6561 me merely by rea\n-0000a300: 6469 6e67 2069 7427 730a 6f72 6967 696e ding it's.origin\n-0000a310: 616c 206c 6f67 6963 616c 2076 6f6c 756d al logical volum\n-0000a320: 6520 736f 2074 6861 7420 6469 7274 7920 e so that dirty \n-0000a330: 6461 7461 2069 6e20 6361 6368 6520 706f data in cache po\n-0000a340: 6f6c 2076 6f6c 756d 6520 6973 0a64 6973 ol volume is.dis\n-0000a350: 7265 6761 7264 6564 2e20 2054 6869 7320 regarded. This \n-0000a360: 6973 206e 6f74 2061 2070 726f 626c 656d is not a problem\n-0000a370: 2066 6f72 2022 7772 6974 6574 6872 6f75 for \"writethrou\n-0000a380: 6768 2220 6361 6368 6520 6d6f 6465 2061 gh\" cache mode a\n-0000a390: 7320 6974 0a65 6e73 7572 6573 2074 6861 s it.ensures tha\n-0000a3a0: 7420 616e 7920 6461 7461 2077 7269 7474 t any data writt\n-0000a3b0: 656e 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2073 746f 7265 en will be store\n-0000a3c0: 6420 626f 7468 206f 6e20 7468 6520 6361 d both on the ca\n-0000a3d0: 6368 6520 616e 6420 7468 650a 6f72 6967 che and the.orig\n-0000a3e0: 696e 204c 562e 2046 6f72 2074 6865 206f in LV. For the o\n-0000a3f0: 7468 6572 2063 6163 6865 206d 6f64 6520 ther cache mode \n-0000a400: 2277 7269 7465 6261 636b 222c 2077 6869 \"writeback\", whi\n-0000a410: 6368 2064 656c 6179 7320 7772 6974 696e ch delays writin\n-0000a420: 670a 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2063 6163 6865 g.from the cache\n-0000a430: 2070 6f6f 6c20 6261 636b 2074 6f20 7468 pool back to th\n-0000a440: 6520 6f72 6967 696e 204c 5620 746f 2062 e origin LV to b\n-0000a450: 6f6f 7374 2070 6572 666f 726d 616e 6365 oost performance\n-0000a460: 2c20 4752 5542 206d 6179 0a66 6169 6c20 , GRUB may.fail \n-0000a470: 746f 2062 6f6f 7420 696e 2074 6865 2077 to boot in the w\n-0000a480: 616b 6520 6f66 2061 6363 6964 656e 7461 ake of accidenta\n-0000a490: 6c20 706f 7765 7220 6f75 7461 6765 2064 l power outage d\n-0000a4a0: 7565 2074 6f20 6974 2773 0a69 6e61 6269 ue to it's.inabi\n-0000a4b0: 6c69 7479 2074 6f20 6173 7365 6d62 6c65 lity to assemble\n-0000a4c0: 2074 6865 2063 6163 6865 2064 6576 6963 the cache devic\n-0000a4d0: 6520 666f 7220 7265 6164 696e 6720 7468 e for reading th\n-0000a4e0: 6520 7265 7175 6972 6564 2064 6972 7479 e required dirty\n-0000a4f0: 0a64 6174 6120 6c65 6674 2062 6568 696e .data left behin\n-0000a500: 642e 2020 5468 6520 7369 7475 6174 696f d. The situatio\n-0000a510: 6e20 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 696d 7072 6f76 n will be improv\n-0000a520: 6564 2061 6674 6572 2061 6464 696e 6720 ed after adding \n-0000a530: 6675 6c6c 0a73 7570 706f 7274 2074 6f20 full.support to \n-0000a540: 7468 6520 4c56 4d20 6361 6368 6520 6c6f the LVM cache lo\n-0000a550: 6769 6361 6c20 766f 6c75 6d65 2069 6e20 gical volume in \n-0000a560: 7468 6520 6675 7475 7265 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 the future.....F\n-0000a570: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-0000a580: 204e 6f64 653a 204f 532d 7370 6563 6966 Node: OS-specif\n-0000a590: 6963 206e 6f74 6573 2c20 2050 7265 763a ic notes, Prev:\n-0000a5a0: 204c 564d 2063 6163 6865 2062 6f6f 7469 LVM cache booti\n-0000a5b0: 6e67 2c20 2055 703a 2042 6f6f 7469 6e67 ng, Up: Booting\n-0000a5c0: 0a0a 352e 3420 536f 6d65 2063 6176 6561 ..5.4 Some cavea\n-0000a5d0: 7473 206f 6e20 4f53 2d73 7065 6369 6669 ts on OS-specifi\n-0000a5e0: 6320 6973 7375 6573 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d c issues.=======\n+0000a130: 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 4c56 4d20 6361 ====..The LVM ca\n+0000a140: 6368 6520 6c6f 6769 6361 6c20 766f 6c75 che logical volu\n+0000a150: 6d65 2069 7320 7468 6520 6c6f 6769 6361 me is the logica\n+0000a160: 6c20 766f 6c75 6d65 2063 6f6e 7369 7374 l volume consist\n+0000a170: 696e 6720 6f66 2074 6865 0a6f 7269 6769 ing of the.origi\n+0000a180: 6e61 6c20 616e 6420 7468 6520 6361 6368 nal and the cach\n+0000a190: 6520 706f 6f6c 206c 6f67 6963 616c 2076 e pool logical v\n+0000a1a0: 6f6c 756d 652e 2020 5468 6520 6f72 6967 olume. The orig\n+0000a1b0: 696e 616c 2069 7320 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 inal is usually \n+0000a1c0: 6f6e 0a61 206c 6172 6765 7220 616e 6420 on.a larger and \n+0000a1d0: 736c 6f77 6572 2073 746f 7261 6765 2064 slower storage d\n+0000a1e0: 6576 6963 6520 7768 696c 6520 7468 6520 evice while the \n+0000a1f0: 6361 6368 6520 706f 6f6c 2069 7320 6f6e cache pool is on\n+0000a200: 2061 2073 6d61 6c6c 6572 0a61 6e64 2066 a smaller.and f\n+0000a210: 6173 7465 7220 6f6e 652e 2020 5468 6520 aster one. The \n+0000a220: 7065 7266 6f72 6d61 6e63 6520 6f66 2074 performance of t\n+0000a230: 6865 206f 7269 6769 6e61 6c20 766f 6c75 he original volu\n+0000a240: 6d65 2063 616e 2062 6520 696d 7072 6f76 me can be improv\n+0000a250: 6564 0a62 7920 7374 6f72 696e 6720 7468 ed.by storing th\n+0000a260: 6520 6672 6571 7565 6e74 6c79 2075 7365 e frequently use\n+0000a270: 6420 6461 7461 206f 6e20 7468 6520 6361 d data on the ca\n+0000a280: 6368 6520 706f 6f6c 2074 6f20 7574 696c che pool to util\n+0000a290: 697a 6520 7468 650a 6772 6561 7465 7220 ize the.greater \n+0000a2a0: 7065 7266 6f72 6d61 6e63 6520 6f66 2066 performance of f\n+0000a2b0: 6173 7465 7220 6465 7669 6365 2e0a 0a20 aster device... \n+0000a2c0: 2020 4752 5542 2062 6f6f 7473 2066 726f GRUB boots fro\n+0000a2d0: 6d20 4c56 4d20 6361 6368 6520 6c6f 6769 m LVM cache logi\n+0000a2e0: 6361 6c20 766f 6c75 6d65 206d 6572 656c cal volume merel\n+0000a2f0: 7920 6279 2072 6561 6469 6e67 2069 7427 y by reading it'\n+0000a300: 730a 6f72 6967 696e 616c 206c 6f67 6963 s.original logic\n+0000a310: 616c 2076 6f6c 756d 6520 736f 2074 6861 al volume so tha\n+0000a320: 7420 6469 7274 7920 6461 7461 2069 6e20 t dirty data in \n+0000a330: 6361 6368 6520 706f 6f6c 2076 6f6c 756d cache pool volum\n+0000a340: 6520 6973 0a64 6973 7265 6761 7264 6564 e is.disregarded\n+0000a350: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 206e 6f74 2061 . This is not a\n+0000a360: 2070 726f 626c 656d 2066 6f72 2022 7772 problem for \"wr\n+0000a370: 6974 6574 6872 6f75 6768 2220 6361 6368 itethrough\" cach\n+0000a380: 6520 6d6f 6465 2061 7320 6974 0a65 6e73 e mode as it.ens\n+0000a390: 7572 6573 2074 6861 7420 616e 7920 6461 ures that any da\n+0000a3a0: 7461 2077 7269 7474 656e 2077 696c 6c20 ta written will \n+0000a3b0: 6265 2073 746f 7265 6420 626f 7468 206f be stored both o\n+0000a3c0: 6e20 7468 6520 6361 6368 6520 616e 6420 n the cache and \n+0000a3d0: 7468 650a 6f72 6967 696e 204c 562e 2046 the.origin LV. F\n+0000a3e0: 6f72 2074 6865 206f 7468 6572 2063 6163 or the other cac\n+0000a3f0: 6865 206d 6f64 6520 2277 7269 7465 6261 he mode \"writeba\n+0000a400: 636b 222c 2077 6869 6368 2064 656c 6179 ck\", which delay\n+0000a410: 7320 7772 6974 696e 670a 6672 6f6d 2074 s writing.from t\n+0000a420: 6865 2063 6163 6865 2070 6f6f 6c20 6261 he cache pool ba\n+0000a430: 636b 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6f72 6967 696e ck to the origin\n+0000a440: 204c 5620 746f 2062 6f6f 7374 2070 6572 LV to boost per\n+0000a450: 666f 726d 616e 6365 2c20 4752 5542 206d formance, GRUB m\n+0000a460: 6179 0a66 6169 6c20 746f 2062 6f6f 7420 ay.fail to boot \n+0000a470: 696e 2074 6865 2077 616b 6520 6f66 2061 in the wake of a\n+0000a480: 6363 6964 656e 7461 6c20 706f 7765 7220 ccidental power \n+0000a490: 6f75 7461 6765 2064 7565 2074 6f20 6974 outage due to it\n+0000a4a0: 2773 0a69 6e61 6269 6c69 7479 2074 6f20 's.inability to \n+0000a4b0: 6173 7365 6d62 6c65 2074 6865 2063 6163 assemble the cac\n+0000a4c0: 6865 2064 6576 6963 6520 666f 7220 7265 he device for re\n+0000a4d0: 6164 696e 6720 7468 6520 7265 7175 6972 ading the requir\n+0000a4e0: 6564 2064 6972 7479 0a64 6174 6120 6c65 ed dirty.data le\n+0000a4f0: 6674 2062 6568 696e 642e 2020 5468 6520 ft behind. The \n+0000a500: 7369 7475 6174 696f 6e20 7769 6c6c 2062 situation will b\n+0000a510: 6520 696d 7072 6f76 6564 2061 6674 6572 e improved after\n+0000a520: 2061 6464 696e 6720 6675 6c6c 0a73 7570 adding full.sup\n+0000a530: 706f 7274 2074 6f20 7468 6520 4c56 4d20 port to the LVM \n+0000a540: 6361 6368 6520 6c6f 6769 6361 6c20 766f cache logical vo\n+0000a550: 6c75 6d65 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6675 7475 lume in the futu\n+0000a560: 7265 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 re.....File: gru\n+0000a570: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204f b.info, Node: O\n+0000a580: 532d 7370 6563 6966 6963 206e 6f74 6573 S-specific notes\n+0000a590: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 204c 564d 2063 6163 , Prev: LVM cac\n+0000a5a0: 6865 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2c20 2055 703a he booting, Up:\n+0000a5b0: 2042 6f6f 7469 6e67 0a0a 352e 3420 536f Booting..5.4 So\n+0000a5c0: 6d65 2063 6176 6561 7473 206f 6e20 4f53 me caveats on OS\n+0000a5d0: 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 6973 7375 6573 -specific issues\n+0000a5e0: 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d .===============\n 0000a5f0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0000a600: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a ===============.\n-0000a610: 0a48 6572 652c 2077 6520 6465 7363 7269 .Here, we descri\n-0000a620: 6265 2073 6f6d 6520 6361 7665 6174 7320 be some caveats \n-0000a630: 6f6e 2073 6576 6572 616c 206f 7065 7261 on several opera\n-0000a640: 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2e0a 0a2a ting systems...*\n-0000a650: 204d 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 474e 552f 4875 Menu:..* GNU/Hu\n-0000a660: 7264 3a3a 0a2a 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e 7578 rd::.* GNU/Linux\n-0000a670: 3a3a 0a2a 204e 6574 4253 443a 3a0a 2a20 ::.* NetBSD::.* \n-0000a680: 444f 532f 5769 6e64 6f77 733a 3a0a 0a1f DOS/Windows::...\n-0000a690: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-0000a6a0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2047 4e55 2f48 7572 , Node: GNU/Hur\n-0000a6b0: 642c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 474e 552f 4c69 d, Next: GNU/Li\n-0000a6c0: 6e75 782c 2020 5570 3a20 4f53 2d73 7065 nux, Up: OS-spe\n-0000a6d0: 6369 6669 6320 6e6f 7465 730a 0a35 2e34 cific notes..5.4\n-0000a6e0: 2e31 2047 4e55 2f48 7572 640a 2d2d 2d2d .1 GNU/Hurd.----\n-0000a6f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5369 6e63 ----------..Sinc\n-0000a700: 6520 474e 552f 4875 7264 2069 7320 4d75 e GNU/Hurd is Mu\n-0000a710: 6c74 6962 6f6f 742d 636f 6d70 6c69 616e ltiboot-complian\n-0000a720: 742c 2069 7420 6973 2065 6173 7920 746f t, it is easy to\n-0000a730: 2062 6f6f 7420 6974 3b20 7468 6572 6520 boot it; there \n-0000a740: 6973 0a6e 6f74 6869 6e67 2073 7065 6369 is.nothing speci\n-0000a750: 616c 2061 626f 7574 2069 742e 2020 4275 al about it. Bu\n-0000a760: 7420 646f 206e 6f74 2066 6f72 6765 7420 t do not forget \n-0000a770: 7468 6174 2079 6f75 2068 6176 6520 746f that you have to\n-0000a780: 2073 7065 6369 6679 2061 0a72 6f6f 7420 specify a.root \n-0000a790: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 746f 2074 6865 partition to the\n-0000a7a0: 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e 0a0a 2020 312e 2053 kernel... 1. S\n-0000a7b0: 6574 2047 5255 4227 7320 726f 6f74 2064 et GRUB's root d\n-0000a7c0: 6576 6963 6520 746f 2074 6865 2073 616d evice to the sam\n-0000a7d0: 6520 6472 6976 6520 6173 2047 4e55 2f48 e drive as GNU/H\n-0000a7e0: 7572 6427 732e 2020 5468 650a 2020 2020 urd's. The. \n-0000a7f0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 20e2 8098 7365 6172 command ...sear\n-0000a800: 6368 202d 2d73 6574 3d72 6f6f 7420 2d2d ch --set=root --\n-0000a810: 6669 6c65 202f 626f 6f74 2f67 6e75 6d61 file /boot/gnuma\n-0000a820: 6368 2e67 7ae2 8099 206f 7220 7369 6d69 ch.gz... or simi\n-0000a830: 6c61 7220 6d61 790a 2020 2020 2068 656c lar may. hel\n-0000a840: 7020 796f 7520 282a 6e6f 7465 2073 6561 p you (*note sea\n-0000a850: 7263 683a 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2032 2e20 4c6f rch::)... 2. Lo\n-0000a860: 6164 2074 6865 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 616e ad the kernel an\n-0000a870: 6420 7468 6520 6d6f 6475 6c65 732c 206c d the modules, l\n-0000a880: 696b 6520 7468 6973 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 ike this:.. \n-0000a890: 2020 2020 2067 7275 623e 206d 756c 7469 grub> multi\n-0000a8a0: 626f 6f74 202f 626f 6f74 2f67 6e75 6d61 boot /boot/gnuma\n-0000a8b0: 6368 2e67 7a20 726f 6f74 3d64 6576 6963 ch.gz root=devic\n-0000a8c0: 653a 6864 3073 310a 2020 2020 2020 2020 e:hd0s1. \n-0000a8d0: 2020 6772 7562 3e20 6d6f 6475 6c65 2020 grub> module \n-0000a8e0: 2f68 7572 642f 6578 7432 6673 2e73 7461 /hurd/ext2fs.sta\n-0000a8f0: 7469 6320 6578 7432 6673 202d 2d72 6561 tic ext2fs --rea\n-0000a900: 646f 6e6c 7920 5c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 donly \\. \n-0000a910: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000a920: 2020 2020 202d 2d6d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 --multiboot\n-0000a930: 2d63 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 653d 2724 -command-line='$\n-0000a940: 7b6b 6572 6e65 6c2d 636f 6d6d 616e 642d {kernel-command-\n-0000a950: 6c69 6e65 7d27 205c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 line}' \\. \n-0000a960: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000a970: 2020 2020 2020 2d2d 686f 7374 2d70 7269 --host-pri\n-0000a980: 762d 706f 7274 3d27 247b 686f 7374 2d70 v-port='${host-p\n-0000a990: 6f72 747d 2720 5c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ort}' \\. \n-0000a9a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000a9b0: 2020 2020 202d 2d64 6576 6963 652d 6d61 --device-ma\n-0000a9c0: 7374 6572 2d70 6f72 743d 2724 7b64 6576 ster-port='${dev\n-0000a9d0: 6963 652d 706f 7274 7d27 205c 0a20 2020 ice-port}' \\. \n+0000a600: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a48 6572 652c 2077 =======..Here, w\n+0000a610: 6520 6465 7363 7269 6265 2073 6f6d 6520 e describe some \n+0000a620: 6361 7665 6174 7320 6f6e 2073 6576 6572 caveats on sever\n+0000a630: 616c 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 al operating sys\n+0000a640: 7465 6d73 2e0a 0a2a 204d 656e 753a 0a0a tems...* Menu:..\n+0000a650: 2a20 474e 552f 4875 7264 3a3a 0a2a 2047 * GNU/Hurd::.* G\n+0000a660: 4e55 2f4c 696e 7578 3a3a 0a2a 204e 6574 NU/Linux::.* Net\n+0000a670: 4253 443a 3a0a 2a20 444f 532f 5769 6e64 BSD::.* DOS/Wind\n+0000a680: 6f77 733a 3a0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 ows::....File: g\n+0000a690: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+0000a6a0: 2047 4e55 2f48 7572 642c 2020 4e65 7874 GNU/Hurd, Next\n+0000a6b0: 3a20 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 782c 2020 5570 : GNU/Linux, Up\n+0000a6c0: 3a20 4f53 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 6e6f : OS-specific no\n+0000a6d0: 7465 730a 0a35 2e34 2e31 2047 4e55 2f48 tes..5.4.1 GNU/H\n+0000a6e0: 7572 640a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d urd.------------\n+0000a6f0: 2d2d 0a0a 5369 6e63 6520 474e 552f 4875 --..Since GNU/Hu\n+0000a700: 7264 2069 7320 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 742d rd is Multiboot-\n+0000a710: 636f 6d70 6c69 616e 742c 2069 7420 6973 compliant, it is\n+0000a720: 2065 6173 7920 746f 2062 6f6f 7420 6974 easy to boot it\n+0000a730: 3b20 7468 6572 6520 6973 0a6e 6f74 6869 ; there is.nothi\n+0000a740: 6e67 2073 7065 6369 616c 2061 626f 7574 ng special about\n+0000a750: 2069 742e 2020 4275 7420 646f 206e 6f74 it. But do not\n+0000a760: 2066 6f72 6765 7420 7468 6174 2079 6f75 forget that you\n+0000a770: 2068 6176 6520 746f 2073 7065 6369 6679 have to specify\n+0000a780: 2061 0a72 6f6f 7420 7061 7274 6974 696f a.root partitio\n+0000a790: 6e20 746f 2074 6865 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e n to the kernel.\n+0000a7a0: 0a0a 2020 312e 2053 6574 2047 5255 4227 .. 1. Set GRUB'\n+0000a7b0: 7320 726f 6f74 2064 6576 6963 6520 746f s root device to\n+0000a7c0: 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6472 6976 6520 the same drive \n+0000a7d0: 6173 2047 4e55 2f48 7572 6427 732e 2020 as GNU/Hurd's. \n+0000a7e0: 5468 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 The. command\n+0000a7f0: 20e2 8098 7365 6172 6368 202d 2d73 6574 ...search --set\n+0000a800: 3d72 6f6f 7420 2d2d 6669 6c65 202f 626f =root --file /bo\n+0000a810: 6f74 2f67 6e75 6d61 6368 2e67 7ae2 8099 ot/gnumach.gz...\n+0000a820: 206f 7220 7369 6d69 6c61 7220 6d61 790a or similar may.\n+0000a830: 2020 2020 2068 656c 7020 796f 7520 282a help you (*\n+0000a840: 6e6f 7465 2073 6561 7263 683a 3a29 2e0a note search::)..\n+0000a850: 0a20 2032 2e20 4c6f 6164 2074 6865 206b . 2. Load the k\n+0000a860: 6572 6e65 6c20 616e 6420 7468 6520 6d6f ernel and the mo\n+0000a870: 6475 6c65 732c 206c 696b 6520 7468 6973 dules, like this\n+0000a880: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 7275 :.. gru\n+0000a890: 623e 206d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 202f 626f b> multiboot /bo\n+0000a8a0: 6f74 2f67 6e75 6d61 6368 2e67 7a20 726f ot/gnumach.gz ro\n+0000a8b0: 6f74 3d64 6576 6963 653a 6864 3073 310a ot=device:hd0s1.\n+0000a8c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6772 7562 3e20 grub> \n+0000a8d0: 6d6f 6475 6c65 2020 2f68 7572 642f 6578 module /hurd/ex\n+0000a8e0: 7432 6673 2e73 7461 7469 6320 6578 7432 t2fs.static ext2\n+0000a8f0: 6673 202d 2d72 6561 646f 6e6c 7920 5c0a fs --readonly \\.\n+0000a900: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000a910: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 202d 2d6d --m\n+0000a920: 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2d63 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ultiboot-command\n+0000a930: 2d6c 696e 653d 2724 7b6b 6572 6e65 6c2d -line='${kernel-\n+0000a940: 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 7d27 205c command-line}' \\\n+0000a950: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+0000a960: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2d2d --\n+0000a970: 686f 7374 2d70 7269 762d 706f 7274 3d27 host-priv-port='\n+0000a980: 247b 686f 7374 2d70 6f72 747d 2720 5c0a ${host-port}' \\.\n+0000a990: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000a9a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 202d 2d64 --d\n+0000a9b0: 6576 6963 652d 6d61 7374 6572 2d70 6f72 evice-master-por\n+0000a9c0: 743d 2724 7b64 6576 6963 652d 706f 7274 t='${device-port\n+0000a9d0: 7d27 205c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 }' \\. \n 0000a9e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000a9f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2d2d 6578 6563 --exec\n-0000aa00: 2d73 6572 7665 722d 7461 736b 3d27 247b -server-task='${\n-0000aa10: 6578 6563 2d74 6173 6b7d 2720 2d54 2074 exec-task}' -T t\n-0000aa20: 7970 6564 2027 247b 726f 6f74 7d27 205c yped '${root}' \\\n-0000aa30: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-0000aa40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2724 '$\n-0000aa50: 2874 6173 6b2d 6372 6561 7465 2927 2027 (task-create)' '\n-0000aa60: 2428 7461 736b 2d72 6573 756d 6529 270a $(task-resume)'.\n-0000aa70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6772 7562 3e20 grub> \n-0000aa80: 6d6f 6475 6c65 202f 6c69 622f 6c64 2e73 module /lib/ld.s\n-0000aa90: 6f2e 3120 6578 6563 202f 6875 7264 2f65 o.1 exec /hurd/e\n-0000aaa0: 7865 6320 2724 2865 7865 632d 7461 736b xec '$(exec-task\n-0000aab0: 3d74 6173 6b2d 6372 6561 7465 2927 0a0a =task-create)'..\n-0000aac0: 2020 332e 2046 696e 616c 6c79 2c20 7275 3. Finally, ru\n-0000aad0: 6e20 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 n the command ..\n-0000aae0: 9862 6f6f 74e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 .boot... (*note \n-0000aaf0: 626f 6f74 3a3a 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 boot::).....File\n-0000ab00: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-0000ab10: 6465 3a20 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 782c 2020 de: GNU/Linux, \n-0000ab20: 4e65 7874 3a20 4e65 7442 5344 2c20 2050 Next: NetBSD, P\n-0000ab30: 7265 763a 2047 4e55 2f48 7572 642c 2020 rev: GNU/Hurd, \n-0000ab40: 5570 3a20 4f53 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 Up: OS-specific \n-0000ab50: 6e6f 7465 730a 0a35 2e34 2e32 2047 4e55 notes..5.4.2 GNU\n-0000ab60: 2f4c 696e 7578 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d /Linux.---------\n-0000ab70: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4974 2069 7320 7265 ------..It is re\n-0000ab80: 6c61 7469 7665 6c79 2065 6173 7920 746f latively easy to\n-0000ab90: 2062 6f6f 7420 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 7820 boot GNU/Linux \n-0000aba0: 6672 6f6d 2047 5255 422c 2062 6563 6175 from GRUB, becau\n-0000abb0: 7365 2069 7420 736f 6d65 7768 6174 0a72 se it somewhat.r\n-0000abc0: 6573 656d 626c 6573 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 esembles to boot\n-0000abd0: 2061 204d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2d63 6f6d a Multiboot-com\n-0000abe0: 706c 6961 6e74 204f 532e 0a0a 2020 312e pliant OS... 1.\n-0000abf0: 2053 6574 2047 5255 4227 7320 726f 6f74 Set GRUB's root\n-0000ac00: 2064 6576 6963 6520 746f 2074 6865 2073 device to the s\n-0000ac10: 616d 6520 6472 6976 6520 6173 2047 4e55 ame drive as GNU\n-0000ac20: 2f4c 696e 7578 2773 2e20 2054 6865 0a20 /Linux's. The. \n-0000ac30: 2020 2020 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 9873 command ...s\n-0000ac40: 6561 7263 6820 2d2d 7365 743d 726f 6f74 earch --set=root\n-0000ac50: 202d 2d66 696c 6520 2f76 6d6c 696e 757a --file /vmlinuz\n-0000ac60: e280 9920 6f72 2073 696d 696c 6172 206d ... or similar m\n-0000ac70: 6179 2068 656c 7020 796f 750a 2020 2020 ay help you. \n-0000ac80: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 7365 6172 6368 3a3a (*note search::\n-0000ac90: 292e 0a0a 2020 322e 204c 6f61 6420 7468 )... 2. Load th\n-0000aca0: 6520 6b65 726e 656c 2075 7369 6e67 2074 e kernel using t\n-0000acb0: 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 20e2 8098 6c69 he command ...li\n-0000acc0: 6e75 78e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6c69 nux... (*note li\n-0000acd0: 6e75 783a 3a29 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 nux::):.. \n-0000ace0: 2020 2067 7275 623e 206c 696e 7578 202f grub> linux /\n-0000acf0: 766d 6c69 6e75 7a20 726f 6f74 3d2f 6465 vmlinuz root=/de\n-0000ad00: 762f 7364 6131 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 v/sda1.. If \n-0000ad10: 796f 7520 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 7370 6563 you need to spec\n-0000ad20: 6966 7920 736f 6d65 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 ify some kernel \n-0000ad30: 7061 7261 6d65 7465 7273 2c20 6a75 7374 parameters, just\n-0000ad40: 2061 7070 656e 6420 7468 656d 2074 6f0a append them to.\n-0000ad50: 2020 2020 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 the command\n-0000ad60: 2e20 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 . For example, \n-0000ad70: 746f 2073 6574 20e2 8098 6163 7069 e280 to set ...acpi..\n-0000ad80: 9920 746f 20e2 8098 6f66 66e2 8099 2c20 . to ...off..., \n-0000ad90: 646f 2074 6869 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 do this:.. \n-0000ada0: 2020 2020 6772 7562 3e20 6c69 6e75 7820 grub> linux \n-0000adb0: 2f76 6d6c 696e 757a 2072 6f6f 743d 2f64 /vmlinuz root=/d\n-0000adc0: 6576 2f73 6461 3120 6163 7069 3d6f 6666 ev/sda1 acpi=off\n-0000add0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2053 6565 2074 6865 2064 .. See the d\n-0000ade0: 6f63 756d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 2069 6e20 ocumentation in \n-0000adf0: 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 7820 736f 7572 6365 the Linux source\n-0000ae00: 2074 7265 6520 666f 7220 636f 6d70 6c65 tree for comple\n-0000ae10: 7465 0a20 2020 2020 696e 666f 726d 6174 te. informat\n-0000ae20: 696f 6e20 6f6e 2074 6865 2061 7661 696c ion on the avail\n-0000ae30: 6162 6c65 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2e0a 0a20 able options... \n-0000ae40: 2020 2020 5769 7468 20e2 8098 6c69 6e75 With ...linu\n-0000ae50: 78e2 8099 2047 5255 4220 7573 6573 2033 x... GRUB uses 3\n-0000ae60: 322d 6269 7420 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2e20 2-bit protocol. \n-0000ae70: 2053 6f6d 6520 4249 4f53 2073 6572 7669 Some BIOS servi\n-0000ae80: 6365 7320 6c69 6b65 0a20 2020 2020 4150 ces like. AP\n-0000ae90: 4d20 6f72 2045 4444 2061 7265 6e27 7420 M or EDD aren't \n-0000aea0: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 7769 7468 2074 available with t\n-0000aeb0: 6869 7320 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2e20 2049 his protocol. I\n-0000aec0: 6e20 7468 6973 2063 6173 6520 796f 750a n this case you.\n-0000aed0: 2020 2020 206e 6565 6420 746f 2075 7365 need to use\n-0000aee0: 20e2 8098 6c69 6e75 7831 36e2 8099 0a0a ...linux16.....\n-0000aef0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6772 7562 3e20 grub> \n-0000af00: 6c69 6e75 7831 3620 2f76 6d6c 696e 757a linux16 /vmlinuz\n-0000af10: 2072 6f6f 743d 2f64 6576 2f73 6461 3120 root=/dev/sda1 \n-0000af20: 6163 7069 3d6f 6666 0a0a 2020 332e 2049 acpi=off.. 3. I\n-0000af30: 6620 796f 7520 7573 6520 616e 2069 6e69 f you use an ini\n-0000af40: 7472 642c 2065 7865 6375 7465 2074 6865 trd, execute the\n-0000af50: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 20e2 8098 696e 6974 command ...init\n-0000af60: 7264 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2069 6e69 rd... (*note ini\n-0000af70: 7472 643a 3a29 0a20 2020 2020 6166 7465 trd::). afte\n-0000af80: 7220 e280 986c 696e 7578 e280 993a 0a0a r ...linux...:..\n-0000af90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6772 7562 3e20 grub> \n-0000afa0: 696e 6974 7264 202f 696e 6974 7264 0a0a initrd /initrd..\n-0000afb0: 2020 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 7573 6564 If you used\n-0000afc0: 20e2 8098 6c69 6e75 7831 36e2 8099 2079 ...linux16... y\n-0000afd0: 6f75 206e 6565 6420 746f 2075 7365 20e2 ou need to use .\n-0000afe0: 8098 696e 6974 7264 3136 e280 993a 0a0a ..initrd16...:..\n-0000aff0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6772 7562 3e20 grub> \n-0000b000: 696e 6974 7264 3136 202f 696e 6974 7264 initrd16 /initrd\n-0000b010: 0a0a 2020 342e 2046 696e 616c 6c79 2c20 .. 4. Finally, \n-0000b020: 7275 6e20 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 run the command \n-0000b030: e280 9862 6f6f 74e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 ...boot... (*not\n-0000b040: 6520 626f 6f74 3a3a 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 e boot::).....Fi\n-0000b050: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-0000b060: 4e6f 6465 3a20 4e65 7442 5344 2c20 204e Node: NetBSD, N\n-0000b070: 6578 743a 2044 4f53 2f57 696e 646f 7773 ext: DOS/Windows\n-0000b080: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e , Prev: GNU/Lin\n-0000b090: 7578 2c20 2055 703a 204f 532d 7370 6563 ux, Up: OS-spec\n-0000b0a0: 6966 6963 206e 6f74 6573 0a0a 352e 342e ific notes..5.4.\n-0000b0b0: 3320 4e65 7442 5344 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 3 NetBSD.-------\n-0000b0c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a42 6f6f 7469 6e67 2061 -----..Booting a\n-0000b0d0: 204e 6574 4253 4420 6b65 726e 656c 2066 NetBSD kernel f\n-0000b0e0: 726f 6d20 4752 5542 2069 7320 616c 736f rom GRUB is also\n-0000b0f0: 2072 656c 6174 6976 656c 7920 6561 7379 relatively easy\n-0000b100: 3a20 6669 7273 7420 7365 740a 4752 5542 : first set.GRUB\n-0000b110: 2773 2072 6f6f 7420 6465 7669 6365 2c20 's root device, \n-0000b120: 7468 656e 206c 6f61 6420 7468 6520 6b65 then load the ke\n-0000b130: 726e 656c 2061 6e64 2074 6865 206d 6f64 rnel and the mod\n-0000b140: 756c 6573 2c20 616e 6420 6669 6e61 6c6c ules, and finall\n-0000b150: 790a 7275 6e20 e280 9862 6f6f 74e2 8099 y.run ...boot...\n-0000b160: 2e0a 0a20 2031 2e20 5365 7420 4752 5542 ... 1. Set GRUB\n-0000b170: 2773 2072 6f6f 7420 6465 7669 6365 2074 's root device t\n-0000b180: 6f20 7468 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 o the partition \n-0000b190: 686f 6c64 696e 6720 7468 6520 4e65 7442 holding the NetB\n-0000b1a0: 5344 2072 6f6f 740a 2020 2020 2066 696c SD root. fil\n-0000b1b0: 6520 7379 7374 656d 2e20 2046 6f72 2061 e system. For a\n-0000b1c0: 2064 6973 6b20 7769 7468 2061 204e 6574 disk with a Net\n-0000b1d0: 4253 4420 6469 736b 206c 6162 656c 2c20 BSD disk label, \n-0000b1e0: 7468 6973 2069 7320 7573 7561 6c6c 790a this is usually.\n-0000b1f0: 2020 2020 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 2070 the first p\n-0000b200: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2028 613a 292e 2020 artition (a:). \n-0000b210: 496e 2074 6861 7420 6361 7365 2c20 616e In that case, an\n-0000b220: 6420 6173 7375 6d69 6e67 2074 6861 7420 d assuming that \n-0000b230: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2070 6172 7469 7469 the. partiti\n-0000b240: 6f6e 2069 7320 6f6e 2074 6865 2066 6972 on is on the fir\n-0000b250: 7374 2068 6172 6420 6469 736b 2c20 7365 st hard disk, se\n-0000b260: 7420 4752 5542 2773 2072 6f6f 7420 6465 t GRUB's root de\n-0000b270: 7669 6365 2061 730a 2020 2020 2066 6f6c vice as. fol\n-0000b280: 6c6f 7773 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 lows:.. \n-0000b290: 2067 7275 623e 2069 6e73 6d6f 6420 7061 grub> insmod pa\n-0000b2a0: 7274 5f62 7364 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 rt_bsd. \n-0000b2b0: 2067 7275 623e 2073 6574 2072 6f6f 743d grub> set root=\n-0000b2c0: 2868 6430 2c6e 6574 6273 6431 290a 0a20 (hd0,netbsd1).. \n-0000b2d0: 2020 2020 466f 7220 6120 6469 736b 2077 For a disk w\n-0000b2e0: 6974 6820 6120 4755 4944 2050 6172 7469 ith a GUID Parti\n-0000b2f0: 7469 6f6e 2054 6162 6c65 2028 4750 5429 tion Table (GPT)\n-0000b300: 2c20 616e 6420 6173 7375 6d69 6e67 2074 , and assuming t\n-0000b310: 6861 7420 7468 650a 2020 2020 204e 6574 hat the. Net\n-0000b320: 4253 4420 726f 6f74 2070 6172 7469 7469 BSD root partiti\n-0000b330: 6f6e 2069 7320 7468 6520 7468 6972 6420 on is the third \n-0000b340: 4750 5420 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e2c 2064 GPT partition, d\n-0000b350: 6f20 7468 6973 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 o this:.. \n-0000b360: 2020 2067 7275 623e 2069 6e73 6d6f 6420 grub> insmod \n-0000b370: 7061 7274 5f67 7074 0a20 2020 2020 2020 part_gpt. \n-0000b380: 2020 2067 7275 623e 2073 6574 2072 6f6f grub> set roo\n-0000b390: 743d 2868 6430 2c67 7074 3329 0a0a 2020 t=(hd0,gpt3).. \n-0000b3a0: 322e 204c 6f61 6420 7468 6520 6b65 726e 2. Load the kern\n-0000b3b0: 656c 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 2063 6f6d el using the com\n-0000b3c0: 6d61 6e64 20e2 8098 6b6e 6574 6273 64e2 mand ...knetbsd.\n-0000b3d0: 8099 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 ..:.. g\n-0000b3e0: 7275 623e 206b 6e65 7462 7364 202f 6e65 rub> knetbsd /ne\n-0000b3f0: 7462 7364 0a0a 2020 2020 2056 6172 696f tbsd.. Vario\n-0000b400: 7573 206f 7074 696f 6e73 206d 6179 2062 us options may b\n-0000b410: 6520 6769 7665 6e20 746f 20e2 8098 6b6e e given to ...kn\n-0000b420: 6574 6273 64e2 8099 2e20 2054 6865 7365 etbsd.... These\n-0000b430: 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 7265 2c20 666f options are, fo\n-0000b440: 720a 2020 2020 2074 6865 206d 6f73 7420 r. the most \n-0000b450: 7061 7274 2c20 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2061 part, the same a\n-0000b460: 7320 696e 2074 6865 204e 6574 4253 4420 s in the NetBSD \n-0000b470: 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 722e 2020 466f boot loader. Fo\n-0000b480: 720a 2020 2020 2069 6e73 7461 6e63 652c r. instance,\n-0000b490: 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 2074 6865 2073 7973 to boot the sys\n-0000b4a0: 7465 6d20 696e 2073 696e 676c 652d 7573 tem in single-us\n-0000b4b0: 6572 206d 6f64 6520 616e 6420 7769 7468 er mode and with\n-0000b4c0: 2076 6572 626f 7365 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 verbose. me\n-0000b4d0: 7373 6167 6573 2c20 646f 2074 6869 733a ssages, do this:\n-0000b4e0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6772 7562 .. grub\n-0000b4f0: 3e20 6b6e 6574 6273 6420 2f6e 6574 6273 > knetbsd /netbs\n-0000b500: 6420 2d73 202d 760a 0a20 2033 2e20 4966 d -s -v.. 3. If\n-0000b510: 206e 6565 6465 642c 206c 6f61 6420 6b65 needed, load ke\n-0000b520: 726e 656c 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2077 6974 rnel modules wit\n-0000b530: 6820 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 640a 2020 h the command. \n-0000b540: 2020 20e2 8098 6b6e 6574 6273 645f 6d6f ...knetbsd_mo\n-0000b550: 6475 6c65 5f65 6c66 e280 992e 2020 4120 dule_elf.... A \n-0000b560: 7479 7069 6361 6c20 6578 616d 706c 6520 typical example \n-0000b570: 6973 2074 6865 206d 6f64 756c 6520 666f is the module fo\n-0000b580: 7220 7468 6520 726f 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 r the root. \n-0000b590: 6669 6c65 2073 7973 7465 6d3a 0a0a 2020 file system:.. \n-0000b5a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6772 7562 3e20 6b6e grub> kn\n-0000b5b0: 6574 6273 645f 6d6f 6475 6c65 5f65 6c66 etbsd_module_elf\n-0000b5c0: 202f 7374 616e 642f 616d 6436 342f 362e /stand/amd64/6.\n-0000b5d0: 302f 6d6f 6475 6c65 732f 6666 732f 6666 0/modules/ffs/ff\n-0000b5e0: 732e 6b6d 6f64 0a0a 2020 342e 2046 696e s.kmod.. 4. Fin\n-0000b5f0: 616c 6c79 2c20 7275 6e20 7468 6520 636f ally, run the co\n-0000b600: 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 9862 6f6f 74e2 8099 mmand ...boot...\n-0000b610: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 626f 6f74 3a3a 292e (*note boot::).\n-0000b620: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-0000b630: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 444f 532f nfo, Node: DOS/\n-0000b640: 5769 6e64 6f77 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 Windows, Prev: \n-0000b650: 4e65 7442 5344 2c20 2055 703a 204f 532d NetBSD, Up: OS-\n-0000b660: 7370 6563 6966 6963 206e 6f74 6573 0a0a specific notes..\n-0000b670: 352e 342e 3420 444f 532f 5769 6e64 6f77 5.4.4 DOS/Window\n-0000b680: 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d s.--------------\n-0000b690: 2d2d 2d0a 0a47 5255 4220 6361 6e6e 6f74 ---..GRUB cannot\n-0000b6a0: 2062 6f6f 7420 444f 5320 6f72 2057 696e boot DOS or Win\n-0000b6b0: 646f 7773 2064 6972 6563 746c 792c 2073 dows directly, s\n-0000b6c0: 6f20 796f 7520 6d75 7374 2063 6861 696e o you must chain\n-0000b6d0: 2d6c 6f61 6420 7468 656d 0a28 2a6e 6f74 -load them.(*not\n-0000b6e0: 6520 4368 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 696e 673a e Chain-loading:\n-0000b6f0: 3a29 2e20 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 7468 :). However, th\n-0000b700: 6569 7220 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 7273 eir boot loaders\n-0000b710: 2068 6176 6520 736f 6d65 2063 7269 7469 have some criti\n-0000b720: 6361 6c0a 6465 6669 6369 656e 6369 6573 cal.deficiencies\n-0000b730: 2c20 736f 2069 7420 6d61 7920 6e6f 7420 , so it may not \n-0000b740: 776f 726b 2074 6f20 6a75 7374 2063 6861 work to just cha\n-0000b750: 696e 2d6c 6f61 6420 7468 656d 2e20 2054 in-load them. T\n-0000b760: 6f20 6f76 6572 636f 6d65 0a74 6865 2070 o overcome.the p\n-0000b770: 726f 626c 656d 732c 2047 5255 4220 7072 roblems, GRUB pr\n-0000b780: 6f76 6964 6573 2079 6f75 2077 6974 6820 ovides you with \n-0000b790: 7477 6f20 6865 6c70 6572 2066 756e 6374 two helper funct\n-0000b7a0: 696f 6e73 2e0a 0a20 2020 4966 2079 6f75 ions... If you\n-0000b7b0: 2068 6176 6520 696e 7374 616c 6c65 6420 have installed \n-0000b7c0: 444f 5320 286f 7220 5769 6e64 6f77 7329 DOS (or Windows)\n-0000b7d0: 206f 6e20 6120 6e6f 6e2d 6669 7273 7420 on a non-first \n-0000b7e0: 6861 7264 2064 6973 6b2c 2079 6f75 0a68 hard disk, you.h\n-0000b7f0: 6176 6520 746f 2075 7365 2074 6865 2064 ave to use the d\n-0000b800: 6973 6b20 7377 6170 7069 6e67 2074 6563 isk swapping tec\n-0000b810: 686e 6971 7565 2c20 6265 6361 7573 6520 hnique, because \n-0000b820: 7468 6174 204f 5320 6361 6e6e 6f74 2062 that OS cannot b\n-0000b830: 6f6f 740a 6672 6f6d 2061 6e79 2064 6973 oot.from any dis\n-0000b840: 6b73 2062 7574 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 ks but the first\n-0000b850: 206f 6e65 2e20 2054 6865 2077 6f72 6b61 one. The worka\n-0000b860: 726f 756e 6420 7573 6564 2069 6e20 4752 round used in GR\n-0000b870: 5542 2069 7320 7468 650a 636f 6d6d 616e UB is the.comman\n-0000b880: 6420 e280 9864 7269 7665 6d61 70e2 8099 d ...drivemap...\n-0000b890: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6472 6976 656d 6170 (*note drivemap\n-0000b8a0: 3a3a 292c 206c 696b 6520 7468 6973 3a0a ::), like this:.\n-0000b8b0: 0a20 2020 2020 6472 6976 656d 6170 202d . drivemap -\n-0000b8c0: 7320 2868 6430 2920 2868 6431 290a 0a20 s (hd0) (hd1).. \n-0000b8d0: 2020 5468 6973 2070 6572 666f 726d 7320 This performs \n-0000b8e0: 6120 e280 9c76 6972 7475 616c e280 9d20 a ...virtual... \n-0000b8f0: 7377 6170 2062 6574 7765 656e 2079 6f75 swap between you\n-0000b900: 7220 6669 7273 7420 616e 6420 7365 636f r first and seco\n-0000b910: 6e64 2068 6172 640a 6472 6976 652e 0a0a nd hard.drive...\n-0000b920: 2020 202a 4361 7574 696f 6e3a 2a20 5468 *Caution:* Th\n-0000b930: 6973 2069 7320 6566 6665 6374 6976 6520 is is effective \n-0000b940: 6f6e 6c79 2069 6620 444f 5320 286f 7220 only if DOS (or \n-0000b950: 5769 6e64 6f77 7329 2075 7365 7320 4249 Windows) uses BI\n-0000b960: 4f53 2074 6f0a 6163 6365 7373 2074 6865 OS to.access the\n-0000b970: 2073 7761 7070 6564 2064 6973 6b73 2e20 swapped disks. \n-0000b980: 2049 6620 7468 6174 204f 5320 7573 6573 If that OS uses\n-0000b990: 2061 2073 7065 6369 616c 2064 7269 7665 a special drive\n-0000b9a0: 7220 666f 7220 7468 650a 6469 736b 732c r for the.disks,\n-0000b9b0: 2074 6869 7320 7072 6f62 6162 6c79 2077 this probably w\n-0000b9c0: 6f6e 2774 2077 6f72 6b2e 0a0a 2020 2041 on't work... A\n-0000b9d0: 6e6f 7468 6572 2070 726f 626c 656d 2061 nother problem a\n-0000b9e0: 7269 7365 7320 6966 2079 6f75 2069 6e73 rises if you ins\n-0000b9f0: 7461 6c6c 6564 206d 6f72 6520 7468 616e talled more than\n-0000ba00: 206f 6e65 2073 6574 206f 660a 444f 532f one set of.DOS/\n-0000ba10: 5769 6e64 6f77 7320 6f6e 746f 206f 6e65 Windows onto one\n-0000ba20: 2064 6973 6b2c 2062 6563 6175 7365 2074 disk, because t\n-0000ba30: 6865 7920 636f 756c 6420 6265 2063 6f6e hey could be con\n-0000ba40: 6675 7365 6420 6966 2074 6865 7265 2061 fused if there a\n-0000ba50: 7265 0a6d 6f72 6520 7468 616e 206f 6e65 re.more than one\n-0000ba60: 2070 7269 6d61 7279 2070 6172 7469 7469 primary partiti\n-0000ba70: 6f6e 7320 666f 7220 444f 532f 5769 6e64 ons for DOS/Wind\n-0000ba80: 6f77 732e 2020 4365 7274 6169 6e6c 7920 ows. Certainly \n-0000ba90: 796f 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 0a61 766f 6964 you should.avoid\n-0000baa0: 2064 6f69 6e67 2074 6869 732c 2062 7574 doing this, but\n-0000bab0: 2074 6865 7265 2069 7320 6120 736f 6c75 there is a solu\n-0000bac0: 7469 6f6e 2069 6620 796f 7520 646f 2077 tion if you do w\n-0000bad0: 616e 7420 746f 2064 6f20 736f 2e20 2055 ant to do so. U\n-0000bae0: 7365 0a74 6865 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e se.the partition\n-0000baf0: 2068 6964 696e 672f 756e 6869 6469 6e67 hiding/unhiding\n-0000bb00: 2074 6563 686e 6971 7565 2e0a 0a20 2020 technique... \n-0000bb10: 4966 2047 5255 4220 e280 9c68 6964 6573 If GRUB ...hides\n-0000bb20: e280 9d20 6120 444f 5320 286f 7220 5769 ... a DOS (or Wi\n-0000bb30: 6e64 6f77 7329 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e ndows) partition\n-0000bb40: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 7061 7274 746f 6f6c (*note parttool\n-0000bb50: 3a3a 292c 2044 4f53 0a28 6f72 2057 696e ::), DOS.(or Win\n-0000bb60: 646f 7773 2920 7769 6c6c 2069 676e 6f72 dows) will ignor\n-0000bb70: 6520 7468 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e2e e the partition.\n-0000bb80: 2020 4966 2047 5255 4220 e280 9c75 6e68 If GRUB ...unh\n-0000bb90: 6964 6573 e280 9d20 6120 444f 5320 286f ides... a DOS (o\n-0000bba0: 720a 5769 6e64 6f77 7329 2070 6172 7469 r.Windows) parti\n-0000bbb0: 7469 6f6e 2c20 444f 5320 286f 7220 5769 tion, DOS (or Wi\n-0000bbc0: 6e64 6f77 7329 2077 696c 6c20 6465 7465 ndows) will dete\n-0000bbd0: 6374 2074 6865 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e ct the partition\n-0000bbe0: 2e20 2054 6875 732c 0a69 6620 796f 7520 . Thus,.if you \n-0000bbf0: 6861 7665 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2044 have installed D\n-0000bc00: 4f53 2028 6f72 2057 696e 646f 7773 2920 OS (or Windows) \n-0000bc10: 6f6e 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 2061 6e64 on the first and\n-0000bc20: 2074 6865 2073 6563 6f6e 640a 7061 7274 the second.part\n-0000bc30: 6974 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2066 6972 ition of the fir\n-0000bc40: 7374 2068 6172 6420 6469 736b 2c20 616e st hard disk, an\n-0000bc50: 6420 796f 7520 7761 6e74 2074 6f20 626f d you want to bo\n-0000bc60: 6f74 2074 6865 2063 6f70 7920 6f6e 2074 ot the copy on t\n-0000bc70: 6865 0a66 6972 7374 2070 6172 7469 7469 he.first partiti\n-0000bc80: 6f6e 2c20 646f 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f on, do the follo\n-0000bc90: 7769 6e67 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 7061 7274 wing:.. part\n-0000bca0: 746f 6f6c 2028 6864 302c 3129 2068 6964 tool (hd0,1) hid\n-0000bcb0: 6465 6e2d 0a20 2020 2020 7061 7274 746f den-. partto\n-0000bcc0: 6f6c 2028 6864 302c 3229 2068 6964 6465 ol (hd0,2) hidde\n-0000bcd0: 6e2b 0a20 2020 2020 7365 7420 726f 6f74 n+. set root\n-0000bce0: 3d28 6864 302c 3129 0a20 2020 2020 6368 =(hd0,1). ch\n-0000bcf0: 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 7220 2b31 0a20 2020 ainloader +1. \n-0000bd00: 2020 7061 7274 746f 6f6c 2024 7b72 6f6f parttool ${roo\n-0000bd10: 747d 2062 6f6f 742b 0a20 2020 2020 626f t} boot+. bo\n-0000bd20: 6f74 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 ot....File: grub\n-0000bd30: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 436f .info, Node: Co\n-0000bd40: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 4e65 nfiguration, Ne\n-0000bd50: 7874 3a20 5468 656d 6520 6669 6c65 2066 xt: Theme file f\n-0000bd60: 6f72 6d61 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 426f ormat, Prev: Bo\n-0000bd70: 6f74 696e 672c 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a oting, Up: Top.\n-0000bd80: 0a36 2057 7269 7469 6e67 2079 6f75 7220 .6 Writing your \n-0000bd90: 6f77 6e20 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f own configuratio\n-0000bda0: 6e20 6669 6c65 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a n file.*********\n+0000a9f0: 2020 2d2d 6578 6563 2d73 6572 7665 722d --exec-server-\n+0000aa00: 7461 736b 3d27 247b 6578 6563 2d74 6173 task='${exec-tas\n+0000aa10: 6b7d 2720 2d54 2074 7970 6564 2027 247b k}' -T typed '${\n+0000aa20: 726f 6f74 7d27 205c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 root}' \\. \n+0000aa30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000aa40: 2020 2020 2020 2724 2874 6173 6b2d 6372 '$(task-cr\n+0000aa50: 6561 7465 2927 2027 2428 7461 736b 2d72 eate)' '$(task-r\n+0000aa60: 6573 756d 6529 270a 2020 2020 2020 2020 esume)'. \n+0000aa70: 2020 6772 7562 3e20 6d6f 6475 6c65 202f grub> module /\n+0000aa80: 6c69 622f 6c64 2e73 6f2e 3120 6578 6563 lib/ld.so.1 exec\n+0000aa90: 202f 6875 7264 2f65 7865 6320 2724 2865 /hurd/exec '$(e\n+0000aaa0: 7865 632d 7461 736b 3d74 6173 6b2d 6372 xec-task=task-cr\n+0000aab0: 6561 7465 2927 0a0a 2020 332e 2046 696e eate)'.. 3. Fin\n+0000aac0: 616c 6c79 2c20 7275 6e20 7468 6520 636f ally, run the co\n+0000aad0: 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 9862 6f6f 74e2 8099 mmand ...boot...\n+0000aae0: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 626f 6f74 3a3a 292e (*note boot::).\n+0000aaf0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+0000ab00: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 474e 552f nfo, Node: GNU/\n+0000ab10: 4c69 6e75 782c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4e65 Linux, Next: Ne\n+0000ab20: 7442 5344 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2047 4e55 tBSD, Prev: GNU\n+0000ab30: 2f48 7572 642c 2020 5570 3a20 4f53 2d73 /Hurd, Up: OS-s\n+0000ab40: 7065 6369 6669 6320 6e6f 7465 730a 0a35 pecific notes..5\n+0000ab50: 2e34 2e32 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e 7578 0a2d .4.2 GNU/Linux.-\n+0000ab60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n+0000ab70: 4974 2069 7320 7265 6c61 7469 7665 6c79 It is relatively\n+0000ab80: 2065 6173 7920 746f 2062 6f6f 7420 474e easy to boot GN\n+0000ab90: 552f 4c69 6e75 7820 6672 6f6d 2047 5255 U/Linux from GRU\n+0000aba0: 422c 2062 6563 6175 7365 2069 7420 736f B, because it so\n+0000abb0: 6d65 7768 6174 0a72 6573 656d 626c 6573 mewhat.resembles\n+0000abc0: 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 2061 204d 756c 7469 to boot a Multi\n+0000abd0: 626f 6f74 2d63 6f6d 706c 6961 6e74 204f boot-compliant O\n+0000abe0: 532e 0a0a 2020 312e 2053 6574 2047 5255 S... 1. Set GRU\n+0000abf0: 4227 7320 726f 6f74 2064 6576 6963 6520 B's root device \n+0000ac00: 746f 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6472 6976 to the same driv\n+0000ac10: 6520 6173 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e 7578 2773 e as GNU/Linux's\n+0000ac20: 2e20 2054 6865 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d6d . The. comm\n+0000ac30: 616e 6420 e280 9873 6561 7263 6820 2d2d and ...search --\n+0000ac40: 7365 743d 726f 6f74 202d 2d66 696c 6520 set=root --file \n+0000ac50: 2f76 6d6c 696e 757a e280 9920 6f72 2073 /vmlinuz... or s\n+0000ac60: 696d 696c 6172 206d 6179 2068 656c 7020 imilar may help \n+0000ac70: 796f 750a 2020 2020 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 you. (*note \n+0000ac80: 7365 6172 6368 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 322e search::)... 2.\n+0000ac90: 204c 6f61 6420 7468 6520 6b65 726e 656c Load the kernel\n+0000aca0: 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 using the comma\n+0000acb0: 6e64 20e2 8098 6c69 6e75 78e2 8099 2028 nd ...linux... (\n+0000acc0: 2a6e 6f74 6520 6c69 6e75 783a 3a29 3a0a *note linux::):.\n+0000acd0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 7275 623e . grub>\n+0000ace0: 206c 696e 7578 202f 766d 6c69 6e75 7a20 linux /vmlinuz \n+0000acf0: 726f 6f74 3d2f 6465 762f 7364 6131 0a0a root=/dev/sda1..\n+0000ad00: 2020 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 6e65 6564 If you need\n+0000ad10: 2074 6f20 7370 6563 6966 7920 736f 6d65 to specify some\n+0000ad20: 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 7061 7261 6d65 7465 kernel paramete\n+0000ad30: 7273 2c20 6a75 7374 2061 7070 656e 6420 rs, just append \n+0000ad40: 7468 656d 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2074 6865 them to. the\n+0000ad50: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2e20 2046 6f72 2065 command. For e\n+0000ad60: 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 746f 2073 6574 20e2 xample, to set .\n+0000ad70: 8098 6163 7069 e280 9920 746f 20e2 8098 ..acpi... to ...\n+0000ad80: 6f66 66e2 8099 2c20 646f 2074 6869 733a off..., do this:\n+0000ad90: 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6772 7562 .. grub\n+0000ada0: 3e20 6c69 6e75 7820 2f76 6d6c 696e 757a > linux /vmlinuz\n+0000adb0: 2072 6f6f 743d 2f64 6576 2f73 6461 3120 root=/dev/sda1 \n+0000adc0: 6163 7069 3d6f 6666 0a0a 2020 2020 2053 acpi=off.. S\n+0000add0: 6565 2074 6865 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7461 ee the documenta\n+0000ade0: 7469 6f6e 2069 6e20 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 tion in the Linu\n+0000adf0: 7820 736f 7572 6365 2074 7265 6520 666f x source tree fo\n+0000ae00: 7220 636f 6d70 6c65 7465 0a20 2020 2020 r complete. \n+0000ae10: 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 6f6e 2074 information on t\n+0000ae20: 6865 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 206f 7074 he available opt\n+0000ae30: 696f 6e73 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5769 7468 ions... With\n+0000ae40: 20e2 8098 6c69 6e75 78e2 8099 2047 5255 ...linux... GRU\n+0000ae50: 4220 7573 6573 2033 322d 6269 7420 7072 B uses 32-bit pr\n+0000ae60: 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2e20 2053 6f6d 6520 4249 otocol. Some BI\n+0000ae70: 4f53 2073 6572 7669 6365 7320 6c69 6b65 OS services like\n+0000ae80: 0a20 2020 2020 4150 4d20 6f72 2045 4444 . APM or EDD\n+0000ae90: 2061 7265 6e27 7420 6176 6169 6c61 626c aren't availabl\n+0000aea0: 6520 7769 7468 2074 6869 7320 7072 6f74 e with this prot\n+0000aeb0: 6f63 6f6c 2e20 2049 6e20 7468 6973 2063 ocol. In this c\n+0000aec0: 6173 6520 796f 750a 2020 2020 206e 6565 ase you. nee\n+0000aed0: 6420 746f 2075 7365 20e2 8098 6c69 6e75 d to use ...linu\n+0000aee0: 7831 36e2 8099 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 x16..... \n+0000aef0: 2020 6772 7562 3e20 6c69 6e75 7831 3620 grub> linux16 \n+0000af00: 2f76 6d6c 696e 757a 2072 6f6f 743d 2f64 /vmlinuz root=/d\n+0000af10: 6576 2f73 6461 3120 6163 7069 3d6f 6666 ev/sda1 acpi=off\n+0000af20: 0a0a 2020 332e 2049 6620 796f 7520 7573 .. 3. If you us\n+0000af30: 6520 616e 2069 6e69 7472 642c 2065 7865 e an initrd, exe\n+0000af40: 6375 7465 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 cute the command\n+0000af50: 20e2 8098 696e 6974 7264 e280 9920 282a ...initrd... (*\n+0000af60: 6e6f 7465 2069 6e69 7472 643a 3a29 0a20 note initrd::). \n+0000af70: 2020 2020 6166 7465 7220 e280 986c 696e after ...lin\n+0000af80: 7578 e280 993a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ux...:.. \n+0000af90: 2020 6772 7562 3e20 696e 6974 7264 202f grub> initrd /\n+0000afa0: 696e 6974 7264 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 initrd.. If \n+0000afb0: 796f 7520 7573 6564 20e2 8098 6c69 6e75 you used ...linu\n+0000afc0: 7831 36e2 8099 2079 6f75 206e 6565 6420 x16... you need \n+0000afd0: 746f 2075 7365 20e2 8098 696e 6974 7264 to use ...initrd\n+0000afe0: 3136 e280 993a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 16...:.. \n+0000aff0: 2020 6772 7562 3e20 696e 6974 7264 3136 grub> initrd16\n+0000b000: 202f 696e 6974 7264 0a0a 2020 342e 2046 /initrd.. 4. F\n+0000b010: 696e 616c 6c79 2c20 7275 6e20 7468 6520 inally, run the \n+0000b020: 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 9862 6f6f 74e2 command ...boot.\n+0000b030: 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 626f 6f74 3a3a .. (*note boot::\n+0000b040: 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 ).....File: grub\n+0000b050: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4e65 .info, Node: Ne\n+0000b060: 7442 5344 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2044 4f53 tBSD, Next: DOS\n+0000b070: 2f57 696e 646f 7773 2c20 2050 7265 763a /Windows, Prev:\n+0000b080: 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e 7578 2c20 2055 703a GNU/Linux, Up:\n+0000b090: 204f 532d 7370 6563 6966 6963 206e 6f74 OS-specific not\n+0000b0a0: 6573 0a0a 352e 342e 3320 4e65 7442 5344 es..5.4.3 NetBSD\n+0000b0b0: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a42 .------------..B\n+0000b0c0: 6f6f 7469 6e67 2061 204e 6574 4253 4420 ooting a NetBSD \n+0000b0d0: 6b65 726e 656c 2066 726f 6d20 4752 5542 kernel from GRUB\n+0000b0e0: 2069 7320 616c 736f 2072 656c 6174 6976 is also relativ\n+0000b0f0: 656c 7920 6561 7379 3a20 6669 7273 7420 ely easy: first \n+0000b100: 7365 740a 4752 5542 2773 2072 6f6f 7420 set.GRUB's root \n+0000b110: 6465 7669 6365 2c20 7468 656e 206c 6f61 device, then loa\n+0000b120: 6420 7468 6520 6b65 726e 656c 2061 6e64 d the kernel and\n+0000b130: 2074 6865 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2c20 616e the modules, an\n+0000b140: 6420 6669 6e61 6c6c 790a 7275 6e20 e280 d finally.run ..\n+0000b150: 9862 6f6f 74e2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2031 2e20 .boot...... 1. \n+0000b160: 5365 7420 4752 5542 2773 2072 6f6f 7420 Set GRUB's root \n+0000b170: 6465 7669 6365 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7061 device to the pa\n+0000b180: 7274 6974 696f 6e20 686f 6c64 696e 6720 rtition holding \n+0000b190: 7468 6520 4e65 7442 5344 2072 6f6f 740a the NetBSD root.\n+0000b1a0: 2020 2020 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d file system\n+0000b1b0: 2e20 2046 6f72 2061 2064 6973 6b20 7769 . For a disk wi\n+0000b1c0: 7468 2061 204e 6574 4253 4420 6469 736b th a NetBSD disk\n+0000b1d0: 206c 6162 656c 2c20 7468 6973 2069 7320 label, this is \n+0000b1e0: 7573 7561 6c6c 790a 2020 2020 2074 6865 usually. the\n+0000b1f0: 2066 6972 7374 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e first partition\n+0000b200: 2028 613a 292e 2020 496e 2074 6861 7420 (a:). In that \n+0000b210: 6361 7365 2c20 616e 6420 6173 7375 6d69 case, and assumi\n+0000b220: 6e67 2074 6861 7420 7468 650a 2020 2020 ng that the. \n+0000b230: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 6f6e partition is on\n+0000b240: 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 2068 6172 6420 the first hard \n+0000b250: 6469 736b 2c20 7365 7420 4752 5542 2773 disk, set GRUB's\n+0000b260: 2072 6f6f 7420 6465 7669 6365 2061 730a root device as.\n+0000b270: 2020 2020 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7773 3a0a 0a20 follows:.. \n+0000b280: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 7275 623e 2069 grub> i\n+0000b290: 6e73 6d6f 6420 7061 7274 5f62 7364 0a20 nsmod part_bsd. \n+0000b2a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 7275 623e 2073 grub> s\n+0000b2b0: 6574 2072 6f6f 743d 2868 6430 2c6e 6574 et root=(hd0,net\n+0000b2c0: 6273 6431 290a 0a20 2020 2020 466f 7220 bsd1).. For \n+0000b2d0: 6120 6469 736b 2077 6974 6820 6120 4755 a disk with a GU\n+0000b2e0: 4944 2050 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2054 6162 ID Partition Tab\n+0000b2f0: 6c65 2028 4750 5429 2c20 616e 6420 6173 le (GPT), and as\n+0000b300: 7375 6d69 6e67 2074 6861 7420 7468 650a suming that the.\n+0000b310: 2020 2020 204e 6574 4253 4420 726f 6f74 NetBSD root\n+0000b320: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 7468 partition is th\n+0000b330: 6520 7468 6972 6420 4750 5420 7061 7274 e third GPT part\n+0000b340: 6974 696f 6e2c 2064 6f20 7468 6973 3a0a ition, do this:.\n+0000b350: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 7275 623e . grub>\n+0000b360: 2069 6e73 6d6f 6420 7061 7274 5f67 7074 insmod part_gpt\n+0000b370: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 7275 623e . grub>\n+0000b380: 2073 6574 2072 6f6f 743d 2868 6430 2c67 set root=(hd0,g\n+0000b390: 7074 3329 0a0a 2020 322e 204c 6f61 6420 pt3).. 2. Load \n+0000b3a0: 7468 6520 6b65 726e 656c 2075 7369 6e67 the kernel using\n+0000b3b0: 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 20e2 8098 the command ...\n+0000b3c0: 6b6e 6574 6273 64e2 8099 3a0a 0a20 2020 knetbsd...:.. \n+0000b3d0: 2020 2020 2020 2067 7275 623e 206b 6e65 grub> kne\n+0000b3e0: 7462 7364 202f 6e65 7462 7364 0a0a 2020 tbsd /netbsd.. \n+0000b3f0: 2020 2056 6172 696f 7573 206f 7074 696f Various optio\n+0000b400: 6e73 206d 6179 2062 6520 6769 7665 6e20 ns may be given \n+0000b410: 746f 20e2 8098 6b6e 6574 6273 64e2 8099 to ...knetbsd...\n+0000b420: 2e20 2054 6865 7365 206f 7074 696f 6e73 . These options\n+0000b430: 2061 7265 2c20 666f 720a 2020 2020 2074 are, for. t\n+0000b440: 6865 206d 6f73 7420 7061 7274 2c20 7468 he most part, th\n+0000b450: 6520 7361 6d65 2061 7320 696e 2074 6865 e same as in the\n+0000b460: 204e 6574 4253 4420 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 NetBSD boot loa\n+0000b470: 6465 722e 2020 466f 720a 2020 2020 2069 der. For. i\n+0000b480: 6e73 7461 6e63 652c 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 nstance, to boot\n+0000b490: 2074 6865 2073 7973 7465 6d20 696e 2073 the system in s\n+0000b4a0: 696e 676c 652d 7573 6572 206d 6f64 6520 ingle-user mode \n+0000b4b0: 616e 6420 7769 7468 2076 6572 626f 7365 and with verbose\n+0000b4c0: 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 7373 6167 6573 2c20 . messages, \n+0000b4d0: 646f 2074 6869 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 do this:.. \n+0000b4e0: 2020 2020 6772 7562 3e20 6b6e 6574 6273 grub> knetbs\n+0000b4f0: 6420 2f6e 6574 6273 6420 2d73 202d 760a d /netbsd -s -v.\n+0000b500: 0a20 2033 2e20 4966 206e 6565 6465 642c . 3. If needed,\n+0000b510: 206c 6f61 6420 6b65 726e 656c 206d 6f64 load kernel mod\n+0000b520: 756c 6573 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 636f ules with the co\n+0000b530: 6d6d 616e 640a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6b6e mmand. ...kn\n+0000b540: 6574 6273 645f 6d6f 6475 6c65 5f65 6c66 etbsd_module_elf\n+0000b550: e280 992e 2020 4120 7479 7069 6361 6c20 .... A typical \n+0000b560: 6578 616d 706c 6520 6973 2074 6865 206d example is the m\n+0000b570: 6f64 756c 6520 666f 7220 7468 6520 726f odule for the ro\n+0000b580: 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 6669 6c65 2073 7973 ot. file sys\n+0000b590: 7465 6d3a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 tem:.. \n+0000b5a0: 6772 7562 3e20 6b6e 6574 6273 645f 6d6f grub> knetbsd_mo\n+0000b5b0: 6475 6c65 5f65 6c66 202f 7374 616e 642f dule_elf /stand/\n+0000b5c0: 616d 6436 342f 362e 302f 6d6f 6475 6c65 amd64/6.0/module\n+0000b5d0: 732f 6666 732f 6666 732e 6b6d 6f64 0a0a s/ffs/ffs.kmod..\n+0000b5e0: 2020 342e 2046 696e 616c 6c79 2c20 7275 4. Finally, ru\n+0000b5f0: 6e20 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 n the command ..\n+0000b600: 9862 6f6f 74e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 .boot... (*note \n+0000b610: 626f 6f74 3a3a 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 boot::).....File\n+0000b620: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+0000b630: 6465 3a20 444f 532f 5769 6e64 6f77 732c de: DOS/Windows,\n+0000b640: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4e65 7442 5344 2c20 Prev: NetBSD, \n+0000b650: 2055 703a 204f 532d 7370 6563 6966 6963 Up: OS-specific\n+0000b660: 206e 6f74 6573 0a0a 352e 342e 3420 444f notes..5.4.4 DO\n+0000b670: 532f 5769 6e64 6f77 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d S/Windows.------\n+0000b680: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a47 5255 -----------..GRU\n+0000b690: 4220 6361 6e6e 6f74 2062 6f6f 7420 444f B cannot boot DO\n+0000b6a0: 5320 6f72 2057 696e 646f 7773 2064 6972 S or Windows dir\n+0000b6b0: 6563 746c 792c 2073 6f20 796f 7520 6d75 ectly, so you mu\n+0000b6c0: 7374 2063 6861 696e 2d6c 6f61 6420 7468 st chain-load th\n+0000b6d0: 656d 0a28 2a6e 6f74 6520 4368 6169 6e2d em.(*note Chain-\n+0000b6e0: 6c6f 6164 696e 673a 3a29 2e20 2048 6f77 loading::). How\n+0000b6f0: 6576 6572 2c20 7468 6569 7220 626f 6f74 ever, their boot\n+0000b700: 206c 6f61 6465 7273 2068 6176 6520 736f loaders have so\n+0000b710: 6d65 2063 7269 7469 6361 6c0a 6465 6669 me critical.defi\n+0000b720: 6369 656e 6369 6573 2c20 736f 2069 7420 ciencies, so it \n+0000b730: 6d61 7920 6e6f 7420 776f 726b 2074 6f20 may not work to \n+0000b740: 6a75 7374 2063 6861 696e 2d6c 6f61 6420 just chain-load \n+0000b750: 7468 656d 2e20 2054 6f20 6f76 6572 636f them. To overco\n+0000b760: 6d65 0a74 6865 2070 726f 626c 656d 732c me.the problems,\n+0000b770: 2047 5255 4220 7072 6f76 6964 6573 2079 GRUB provides y\n+0000b780: 6f75 2077 6974 6820 7477 6f20 6865 6c70 ou with two help\n+0000b790: 6572 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e73 2e0a 0a20 er functions... \n+0000b7a0: 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2068 6176 6520 696e If you have in\n+0000b7b0: 7374 616c 6c65 6420 444f 5320 286f 7220 stalled DOS (or \n+0000b7c0: 5769 6e64 6f77 7329 206f 6e20 6120 6e6f Windows) on a no\n+0000b7d0: 6e2d 6669 7273 7420 6861 7264 2064 6973 n-first hard dis\n+0000b7e0: 6b2c 2079 6f75 0a68 6176 6520 746f 2075 k, you.have to u\n+0000b7f0: 7365 2074 6865 2064 6973 6b20 7377 6170 se the disk swap\n+0000b800: 7069 6e67 2074 6563 686e 6971 7565 2c20 ping technique, \n+0000b810: 6265 6361 7573 6520 7468 6174 204f 5320 because that OS \n+0000b820: 6361 6e6e 6f74 2062 6f6f 740a 6672 6f6d cannot boot.from\n+0000b830: 2061 6e79 2064 6973 6b73 2062 7574 2074 any disks but t\n+0000b840: 6865 2066 6972 7374 206f 6e65 2e20 2054 he first one. T\n+0000b850: 6865 2077 6f72 6b61 726f 756e 6420 7573 he workaround us\n+0000b860: 6564 2069 6e20 4752 5542 2069 7320 7468 ed in GRUB is th\n+0000b870: 650a 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 9864 7269 e.command ...dri\n+0000b880: 7665 6d61 70e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 vemap... (*note \n+0000b890: 6472 6976 656d 6170 3a3a 292c 206c 696b drivemap::), lik\n+0000b8a0: 6520 7468 6973 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 6472 e this:.. dr\n+0000b8b0: 6976 656d 6170 202d 7320 2868 6430 2920 ivemap -s (hd0) \n+0000b8c0: 2868 6431 290a 0a20 2020 5468 6973 2070 (hd1).. This p\n+0000b8d0: 6572 666f 726d 7320 6120 e280 9c76 6972 erforms a ...vir\n+0000b8e0: 7475 616c e280 9d20 7377 6170 2062 6574 tual... swap bet\n+0000b8f0: 7765 656e 2079 6f75 7220 6669 7273 7420 ween your first \n+0000b900: 616e 6420 7365 636f 6e64 2068 6172 640a and second hard.\n+0000b910: 6472 6976 652e 0a0a 2020 202a 4361 7574 drive... *Caut\n+0000b920: 696f 6e3a 2a20 5468 6973 2069 7320 6566 ion:* This is ef\n+0000b930: 6665 6374 6976 6520 6f6e 6c79 2069 6620 fective only if \n+0000b940: 444f 5320 286f 7220 5769 6e64 6f77 7329 DOS (or Windows)\n+0000b950: 2075 7365 7320 4249 4f53 2074 6f0a 6163 uses BIOS to.ac\n+0000b960: 6365 7373 2074 6865 2073 7761 7070 6564 cess the swapped\n+0000b970: 2064 6973 6b73 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6174 disks. If that\n+0000b980: 204f 5320 7573 6573 2061 2073 7065 6369 OS uses a speci\n+0000b990: 616c 2064 7269 7665 7220 666f 7220 7468 al driver for th\n+0000b9a0: 650a 6469 736b 732c 2074 6869 7320 7072 e.disks, this pr\n+0000b9b0: 6f62 6162 6c79 2077 6f6e 2774 2077 6f72 obably won't wor\n+0000b9c0: 6b2e 0a0a 2020 2041 6e6f 7468 6572 2070 k... Another p\n+0000b9d0: 726f 626c 656d 2061 7269 7365 7320 6966 roblem arises if\n+0000b9e0: 2079 6f75 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 206d you installed m\n+0000b9f0: 6f72 6520 7468 616e 206f 6e65 2073 6574 ore than one set\n+0000ba00: 206f 660a 444f 532f 5769 6e64 6f77 7320 of.DOS/Windows \n+0000ba10: 6f6e 746f 206f 6e65 2064 6973 6b2c 2062 onto one disk, b\n+0000ba20: 6563 6175 7365 2074 6865 7920 636f 756c ecause they coul\n+0000ba30: 6420 6265 2063 6f6e 6675 7365 6420 6966 d be confused if\n+0000ba40: 2074 6865 7265 2061 7265 0a6d 6f72 6520 there are.more \n+0000ba50: 7468 616e 206f 6e65 2070 7269 6d61 7279 than one primary\n+0000ba60: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 7320 666f 7220 partitions for \n+0000ba70: 444f 532f 5769 6e64 6f77 732e 2020 4365 DOS/Windows. Ce\n+0000ba80: 7274 6169 6e6c 7920 796f 7520 7368 6f75 rtainly you shou\n+0000ba90: 6c64 0a61 766f 6964 2064 6f69 6e67 2074 ld.avoid doing t\n+0000baa0: 6869 732c 2062 7574 2074 6865 7265 2069 his, but there i\n+0000bab0: 7320 6120 736f 6c75 7469 6f6e 2069 6620 s a solution if \n+0000bac0: 796f 7520 646f 2077 616e 7420 746f 2064 you do want to d\n+0000bad0: 6f20 736f 2e20 2055 7365 0a74 6865 2070 o so. Use.the p\n+0000bae0: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2068 6964 696e 672f artition hiding/\n+0000baf0: 756e 6869 6469 6e67 2074 6563 686e 6971 unhiding techniq\n+0000bb00: 7565 2e0a 0a20 2020 4966 2047 5255 4220 ue... If GRUB \n+0000bb10: e280 9c68 6964 6573 e280 9d20 6120 444f ...hides... a DO\n+0000bb20: 5320 286f 7220 5769 6e64 6f77 7329 2070 S (or Windows) p\n+0000bb30: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 artition (*note \n+0000bb40: 7061 7274 746f 6f6c 3a3a 292c 2044 4f53 parttool::), DOS\n+0000bb50: 0a28 6f72 2057 696e 646f 7773 2920 7769 .(or Windows) wi\n+0000bb60: 6c6c 2069 676e 6f72 6520 7468 6520 7061 ll ignore the pa\n+0000bb70: 7274 6974 696f 6e2e 2020 4966 2047 5255 rtition. If GRU\n+0000bb80: 4220 e280 9c75 6e68 6964 6573 e280 9d20 B ...unhides... \n+0000bb90: 6120 444f 5320 286f 720a 5769 6e64 6f77 a DOS (or.Window\n+0000bba0: 7329 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2c20 444f s) partition, DO\n+0000bbb0: 5320 286f 7220 5769 6e64 6f77 7329 2077 S (or Windows) w\n+0000bbc0: 696c 6c20 6465 7465 6374 2074 6865 2070 ill detect the p\n+0000bbd0: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2e20 2054 6875 732c artition. Thus,\n+0000bbe0: 0a69 6620 796f 7520 6861 7665 2069 6e73 .if you have ins\n+0000bbf0: 7461 6c6c 6564 2044 4f53 2028 6f72 2057 talled DOS (or W\n+0000bc00: 696e 646f 7773 2920 6f6e 2074 6865 2066 indows) on the f\n+0000bc10: 6972 7374 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2073 6563 irst and the sec\n+0000bc20: 6f6e 640a 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6f66 ond.partition of\n+0000bc30: 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 2068 6172 6420 the first hard \n+0000bc40: 6469 736b 2c20 616e 6420 796f 7520 7761 disk, and you wa\n+0000bc50: 6e74 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 2074 6865 2063 nt to boot the c\n+0000bc60: 6f70 7920 6f6e 2074 6865 0a66 6972 7374 opy on the.first\n+0000bc70: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2c20 646f 2074 partition, do t\n+0000bc80: 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 3a0a 0a20 he following:.. \n+0000bc90: 2020 2020 7061 7274 746f 6f6c 2028 6864 parttool (hd\n+0000bca0: 302c 3129 2068 6964 6465 6e2d 0a20 2020 0,1) hidden-. \n+0000bcb0: 2020 7061 7274 746f 6f6c 2028 6864 302c parttool (hd0,\n+0000bcc0: 3229 2068 6964 6465 6e2b 0a20 2020 2020 2) hidden+. \n+0000bcd0: 7365 7420 726f 6f74 3d28 6864 302c 3129 set root=(hd0,1)\n+0000bce0: 0a20 2020 2020 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 . chainloade\n+0000bcf0: 7220 2b31 0a20 2020 2020 7061 7274 746f r +1. partto\n+0000bd00: 6f6c 2024 7b72 6f6f 747d 2062 6f6f 742b ol ${root} boot+\n+0000bd10: 0a20 2020 2020 626f 6f74 0a0a 1f0a 4669 . boot....Fi\n+0000bd20: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n+0000bd30: 4e6f 6465 3a20 436f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 Node: Configurat\n+0000bd40: 696f 6e2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5468 656d ion, Next: Them\n+0000bd50: 6520 6669 6c65 2066 6f72 6d61 742c 2020 e file format, \n+0000bd60: 5072 6576 3a20 426f 6f74 696e 672c 2020 Prev: Booting, \n+0000bd70: 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a36 2057 7269 7469 Up: Top..6 Writi\n+0000bd80: 6e67 2079 6f75 7220 6f77 6e20 636f 6e66 ng your own conf\n+0000bd90: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 0a2a iguration file.*\n+0000bda0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n 0000bdb0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-0000bdc0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 4752 ************..GR\n-0000bdd0: 5542 2069 7320 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 UB is configured\n-0000bde0: 2075 7369 6e67 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2e63 using ...grub.c\n-0000bdf0: 6667 e280 992c 2075 7375 616c 6c79 206c fg..., usually l\n-0000be00: 6f63 6174 6564 2075 6e64 6572 20e2 8098 ocated under ...\n-0000be10: 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 e280 992e 0a54 /boot/grub.....T\n-0000be20: 6869 7320 6669 6c65 2069 7320 7175 6974 his file is quit\n-0000be30: 6520 666c 6578 6962 6c65 2c20 6275 7420 e flexible, but \n-0000be40: 6d6f 7374 2075 7365 7273 2077 696c 6c20 most users will \n-0000be50: 6e6f 7420 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 7772 6974 not need to writ\n-0000be60: 6520 7468 650a 7768 6f6c 6520 7468 696e e the.whole thin\n-0000be70: 6720 6279 2068 616e 642e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 g by hand...* Me\n-0000be80: 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2053 696d 706c 6520 636f nu:..* Simple co\n-0000be90: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e3a 3a20 2020 nfiguration:: \n-0000bea0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2052 6563 6f6d 6d65 Recomme\n-0000beb0: 6e64 6564 2066 6f72 206d 6f73 7420 7573 nded for most us\n-0000bec0: 6572 730a 2a20 526f 6f74 2049 6465 6e74 ers.* Root Ident\n-0000bed0: 6966 6361 7469 6f6e 2048 6575 7269 7374 ifcation Heurist\n-0000bee0: 6963 733a 3a20 2020 5375 6d6d 6172 7920 ics:: Summary \n-0000bef0: 6f6e 2068 6f77 2074 6865 2072 6f6f 7420 on how the root \n-0000bf00: 6669 6c65 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6973 2069 file system is i\n-0000bf10: 6465 6e74 6966 6965 642e 0a2a 2053 6865 dentified..* She\n-0000bf20: 6c6c 2d6c 696b 6520 7363 7269 7074 696e ll-like scriptin\n-0000bf30: 673a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2046 g:: F\n-0000bf40: 6f72 2070 6f77 6572 2075 7365 7273 2061 or power users a\n-0000bf50: 6e64 2064 6576 656c 6f70 6572 730a 2a20 nd developers.* \n-0000bf60: 4d75 6c74 692d 626f 6f74 206d 616e 7561 Multi-boot manua\n-0000bf70: 6c20 636f 6e66 6967 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 l config:: \n-0000bf80: 2020 466f 7220 6e6f 6e2d 7374 616e 6461 For non-standa\n-0000bf90: 7264 206d 756c 7469 2d4f 5320 7363 656e rd multi-OS scen\n-0000bfa0: 6172 696f 730a 2a20 456d 6265 6464 6564 arios.* Embedded\n-0000bfb0: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a configuration::\n-0000bfc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 456d 6265 6464 Embedd\n-0000bfd0: 696e 6720 6120 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 ing a configurat\n-0000bfe0: 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2069 6e74 6f20 4752 ion file into GR\n-0000bff0: 5542 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 UB....File: grub\n-0000c000: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5369 .info, Node: Si\n-0000c010: 6d70 6c65 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 mple configurati\n-0000c020: 6f6e 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2052 6f6f 7420 on, Next: Root \n-0000c030: 4964 656e 7469 6663 6174 696f 6e20 4865 Identifcation He\n-0000c040: 7572 6973 7469 6373 2c20 2055 703a 2043 uristics, Up: C\n-0000c050: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 0a0a 362e onfiguration..6.\n-0000c060: 3120 5369 6d70 6c65 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 1 Simple configu\n-0000c070: 7261 7469 6f6e 2068 616e 646c 696e 670a ration handling.\n+0000bdc0: 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 4752 5542 2069 7320 636f ****..GRUB is co\n+0000bdd0: 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2075 7369 6e67 20e2 nfigured using .\n+0000bde0: 8098 6772 7562 2e63 6667 e280 992c 2075 ..grub.cfg..., u\n+0000bdf0: 7375 616c 6c79 206c 6f63 6174 6564 2075 sually located u\n+0000be00: 6e64 6572 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 nder .../boot/gr\n+0000be10: 7562 e280 992e 0a54 6869 7320 6669 6c65 ub.....This file\n+0000be20: 2069 7320 7175 6974 6520 666c 6578 6962 is quite flexib\n+0000be30: 6c65 2c20 6275 7420 6d6f 7374 2075 7365 le, but most use\n+0000be40: 7273 2077 696c 6c20 6e6f 7420 6e65 6564 rs will not need\n+0000be50: 2074 6f20 7772 6974 6520 7468 650a 7768 to write the.wh\n+0000be60: 6f6c 6520 7468 696e 6720 6279 2068 616e ole thing by han\n+0000be70: 642e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2053 d...* Menu:..* S\n+0000be80: 696d 706c 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 imple configurat\n+0000be90: 696f 6e3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ion:: \n+0000bea0: 2052 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6564 2066 6f72 Recommended for\n+0000beb0: 206d 6f73 7420 7573 6572 730a 2a20 526f most users.* Ro\n+0000bec0: 6f74 2049 6465 6e74 6966 6361 7469 6f6e ot Identifcation\n+0000bed0: 2048 6575 7269 7374 6963 733a 3a20 2020 Heuristics:: \n+0000bee0: 5375 6d6d 6172 7920 6f6e 2068 6f77 2074 Summary on how t\n+0000bef0: 6865 2072 6f6f 7420 6669 6c65 2073 7973 he root file sys\n+0000bf00: 7465 6d20 6973 2069 6465 6e74 6966 6965 tem is identifie\n+0000bf10: 642e 0a2a 2053 6865 6c6c 2d6c 696b 6520 d..* Shell-like \n+0000bf20: 7363 7269 7074 696e 673a 3a20 2020 2020 scripting:: \n+0000bf30: 2020 2020 2020 2046 6f72 2070 6f77 6572 For power\n+0000bf40: 2075 7365 7273 2061 6e64 2064 6576 656c users and devel\n+0000bf50: 6f70 6572 730a 2a20 4d75 6c74 692d 626f opers.* Multi-bo\n+0000bf60: 6f74 206d 616e 7561 6c20 636f 6e66 6967 ot manual config\n+0000bf70: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 466f 7220 6e6f :: For no\n+0000bf80: 6e2d 7374 616e 6461 7264 206d 756c 7469 n-standard multi\n+0000bf90: 2d4f 5320 7363 656e 6172 696f 730a 2a20 -OS scenarios.* \n+0000bfa0: 456d 6265 6464 6564 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 Embedded configu\n+0000bfb0: 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ration:: \n+0000bfc0: 2020 456d 6265 6464 696e 6720 6120 636f Embedding a co\n+0000bfd0: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 nfiguration file\n+0000bfe0: 2069 6e74 6f20 4752 5542 0a0a 1f0a 4669 into GRUB....Fi\n+0000bff0: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n+0000c000: 4e6f 6465 3a20 5369 6d70 6c65 2063 6f6e Node: Simple con\n+0000c010: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2c20 204e 6578 figuration, Nex\n+0000c020: 743a 2052 6f6f 7420 4964 656e 7469 6663 t: Root Identifc\n+0000c030: 6174 696f 6e20 4865 7572 6973 7469 6373 ation Heuristics\n+0000c040: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 , Up: Configura\n+0000c050: 7469 6f6e 0a0a 362e 3120 5369 6d70 6c65 tion..6.1 Simple\n+0000c060: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2068 configuration h\n+0000c070: 616e 646c 696e 670a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d andling.========\n 0000c080: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0000c090: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0000c0a0: 3d0a 0a54 6865 2070 726f 6772 616d 20e2 =..The program .\n-0000c0b0: 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 ..grub-mkconfig.\n-0000c0c0: 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 496e 766f 6b69 .. (*note Invoki\n-0000c0d0: 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 ng grub-mkconfig\n-0000c0e0: 3a3a 2920 6765 6e65 7261 7465 730a e280 ::) generates...\n-0000c0f0: 9867 7275 622e 6366 67e2 8099 2066 696c .grub.cfg... fil\n-0000c100: 6573 2073 7569 7461 626c 6520 666f 7220 es suitable for \n-0000c110: 6d6f 7374 2063 6173 6573 2e20 2049 7420 most cases. It \n-0000c120: 6973 2073 7569 7461 626c 6520 666f 7220 is suitable for \n-0000c130: 7573 6520 7768 656e 0a75 7067 7261 6469 use when.upgradi\n-0000c140: 6e67 2061 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 696f ng a distributio\n-0000c150: 6e2c 2061 6e64 2077 696c 6c20 6469 7363 n, and will disc\n-0000c160: 6f76 6572 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 206b over available k\n-0000c170: 6572 6e65 6c73 2061 6e64 0a61 7474 656d ernels and.attem\n-0000c180: 7074 2074 6f20 6765 6e65 7261 7465 206d pt to generate m\n-0000c190: 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 7320 666f 7220 enu entries for \n-0000c1a0: 7468 656d 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 9867 7275 them... ...gru\n-0000c1b0: 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 e280 9920 646f b-mkconfig... do\n-0000c1c0: 6573 2068 6176 6520 736f 6d65 206c 696d es have some lim\n-0000c1d0: 6974 6174 696f 6e73 2e20 2057 6869 6c65 itations. While\n-0000c1e0: 2061 6464 696e 6720 6578 7472 610a 6375 adding extra.cu\n-0000c1f0: 7374 6f6d 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 stom menu entrie\n-0000c200: 7320 746f 2074 6865 2065 6e64 206f 6620 s to the end of \n-0000c210: 7468 6520 6c69 7374 2063 616e 2062 6520 the list can be \n-0000c220: 646f 6e65 2062 7920 6564 6974 696e 670a done by editing.\n-0000c230: e280 982f 6574 632f 6772 7562 2e64 2f34 .../etc/grub.d/4\n-0000c240: 305f 6375 7374 6f6d e280 9920 6f72 2063 0_custom... or c\n-0000c250: 7265 6174 696e 6720 e280 982f 626f 6f74 reating .../boot\n-0000c260: 2f67 7275 622f 6375 7374 6f6d 2e63 6667 /grub/custom.cfg\n-0000c270: e280 992c 2063 6861 6e67 696e 670a 7468 ..., changing.th\n-0000c280: 6520 6f72 6465 7220 6f66 206d 656e 7520 e order of menu \n-0000c290: 656e 7472 6965 7320 6f72 2063 6861 6e67 entries or chang\n-0000c2a0: 696e 6720 7468 6569 7220 7469 746c 6573 ing their titles\n-0000c2b0: 206d 6179 2072 6571 7569 7265 206d 616b may require mak\n-0000c2c0: 696e 670a 636f 6d70 6c65 7820 6368 616e ing.complex chan\n-0000c2d0: 6765 7320 746f 2073 6865 6c6c 2073 6372 ges to shell scr\n-0000c2e0: 6970 7473 2073 746f 7265 6420 696e 20e2 ipts stored in .\n-0000c2f0: 8098 2f65 7463 2f67 7275 622e 642f e280 ../etc/grub.d/..\n-0000c300: 992e 2020 5468 6973 206d 6179 2062 650a .. This may be.\n-0000c310: 696d 7072 6f76 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 improved in the \n-0000c320: 6675 7475 7265 2e20 2049 6e20 7468 6520 future. In the \n-0000c330: 6d65 616e 7469 6d65 2c20 7468 6f73 6520 meantime, those \n-0000c340: 7768 6f20 6665 656c 2074 6861 7420 6974 who feel that it\n-0000c350: 2077 6f75 6c64 0a62 6520 6561 7369 6572 would.be easier\n-0000c360: 2074 6f20 7772 6974 6520 e280 9867 7275 to write ...gru\n-0000c370: 622e 6366 67e2 8099 2064 6972 6563 746c b.cfg... directl\n-0000c380: 7920 6172 6520 656e 636f 7572 6167 6564 y are encouraged\n-0000c390: 2074 6f20 646f 2073 6f20 282a 6e6f 7465 to do so (*note\n-0000c3a0: 0a42 6f6f 7469 6e67 3a3a 2c20 616e 6420 .Booting::, and \n-0000c3b0: 2a6e 6f74 6520 5368 656c 6c2d 6c69 6b65 *note Shell-like\n-0000c3c0: 2073 6372 6970 7469 6e67 3a3a 292c 2061 scripting::), a\n-0000c3d0: 6e64 2074 6f20 6469 7361 626c 6520 616e nd to disable an\n-0000c3e0: 7920 7379 7374 656d 0a70 726f 7669 6465 y system.provide\n-0000c3f0: 6420 6279 2074 6865 6972 2064 6973 7472 d by their distr\n-0000c400: 6962 7574 696f 6e20 746f 2061 7574 6f6d ibution to autom\n-0000c410: 6174 6963 616c 6c79 2072 756e 20e2 8098 atically run ...\n-0000c420: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 grub-mkconfig...\n-0000c430: 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 6669 6c65 20e2 ... The file .\n-0000c440: 8098 2f65 7463 2f64 6566 6175 6c74 2f67 ../etc/default/g\n-0000c450: 7275 62e2 8099 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 7320 rub... controls \n-0000c460: 7468 6520 6f70 6572 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 the operation of\n-0000c470: 0ae2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 ....grub-mkconfi\n-0000c480: 67e2 8099 2e20 2049 7420 6973 2073 6f75 g.... It is sou\n-0000c490: 7263 6564 2062 7920 6120 7368 656c 6c20 rced by a shell \n-0000c4a0: 7363 7269 7074 2c20 616e 6420 736f 206d script, and so m\n-0000c4b0: 7573 7420 6265 2076 616c 6964 0a50 4f53 ust be valid.POS\n-0000c4c0: 4958 2073 6865 6c6c 2069 6e70 7574 3b20 IX shell input; \n-0000c4d0: 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2c20 6974 2077 696c normally, it wil\n-0000c4e0: 6c20 6a75 7374 2062 6520 6120 7365 7175 l just be a sequ\n-0000c4f0: 656e 6365 206f 6620 e280 984b 4559 3d76 ence of ...KEY=v\n-0000c500: 616c 7565 e280 990a 6c69 6e65 732c 2062 alue....lines, b\n-0000c510: 7574 2069 6620 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 ut if the value \n-0000c520: 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 2073 7061 6365 7320 contains spaces \n-0000c530: 6f72 206f 7468 6572 2073 7065 6369 616c or other special\n-0000c540: 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 7320 7468 656e characters then\n-0000c550: 0a69 7420 6d75 7374 2062 6520 7175 6f74 .it must be quot\n-0000c560: 6564 2e20 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 ed. For example\n-0000c570: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 4752 5542 5f54 4552 :.. GRUB_TER\n-0000c580: 4d49 4e41 4c5f 494e 5055 543d 2263 6f6e MINAL_INPUT=\"con\n-0000c590: 736f 6c65 2073 6572 6961 6c22 0a0a 2020 sole serial\".. \n-0000c5a0: 2056 616c 6964 206b 6579 7320 696e 20e2 Valid keys in .\n-0000c5b0: 8098 2f65 7463 2f64 6566 6175 6c74 2f67 ../etc/default/g\n-0000c5c0: 7275 62e2 8099 2061 7265 2061 7320 666f rub... are as fo\n-0000c5d0: 6c6c 6f77 733a 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f llows:.....GRUB_\n-0000c5e0: 4445 4641 554c 54e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 DEFAULT.... \n-0000c5f0: 5468 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 6d65 6e75 The default menu\n-0000c600: 2065 6e74 7279 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6d61 entry. This ma\n-0000c610: 7920 6265 2061 206e 756d 6265 722c 2069 y be a number, i\n-0000c620: 6e20 7768 6963 6820 6361 7365 2069 740a n which case it.\n-0000c630: 2020 2020 2069 6465 6e74 6966 6965 7320 identifies \n-0000c640: 7468 6520 4e74 6820 656e 7472 7920 696e the Nth entry in\n-0000c650: 2074 6865 2067 656e 6572 6174 6564 206d the generated m\n-0000c660: 656e 7520 636f 756e 7465 6420 6672 6f6d enu counted from\n-0000c670: 207a 6572 6f2c 0a20 2020 2020 6f72 2074 zero,. or t\n-0000c680: 6865 2074 6974 6c65 206f 6620 6120 6d65 he title of a me\n-0000c690: 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 2c20 6f72 2074 6865 nu entry, or the\n-0000c6a0: 2073 7065 6369 616c 2073 7472 696e 6720 special string \n-0000c6b0: e280 9873 6176 6564 e280 992e 2020 5573 ...saved.... Us\n-0000c6c0: 696e 670a 2020 2020 2074 6865 2069 6420 ing. the id \n-0000c6d0: 6d61 7920 6265 2075 7365 6675 6c20 6966 may be useful if\n-0000c6e0: 2079 6f75 2077 616e 7420 746f 2073 6574 you want to set\n-0000c6f0: 2061 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 6173 a menu entry as\n-0000c700: 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 0a20 2020 the default. \n-0000c710: 2020 6576 656e 2074 686f 7567 6820 7468 even though th\n-0000c720: 6572 6520 6d61 7920 6265 2061 2076 6172 ere may be a var\n-0000c730: 6961 626c 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 iable number of \n-0000c740: 656e 7472 6965 7320 6265 666f 7265 2069 entries before i\n-0000c750: 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 2046 6f72 2065 7861 t... For exa\n-0000c760: 6d70 6c65 2c20 6966 2079 6f75 2068 6176 mple, if you hav\n-0000c770: 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 206d 656e 7565 6e74 e:.. menuent\n-0000c780: 7279 2027 4578 616d 706c 6520 474e 552f ry 'Example GNU/\n-0000c790: 4c69 6e75 7820 6469 7374 7269 6275 7469 Linux distributi\n-0000c7a0: 6f6e 2720 2d2d 636c 6173 7320 676e 752d on' --class gnu-\n-0000c7b0: 6c69 6e75 7820 2d2d 6964 2065 7861 6d70 linux --id examp\n-0000c7c0: 6c65 2d67 6e75 2d6c 696e 7578 207b 0a20 le-gnu-linux {. \n-0000c7d0: 2020 2020 092e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 7d0a ..... }.\n-0000c7e0: 0a20 2020 2020 7468 656e 2079 6f75 2063 . then you c\n-0000c7f0: 616e 206d 616b 6520 7468 6973 2074 6865 an make this the\n-0000c800: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2075 7369 6e67 3a0a default using:.\n-0000c810: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2047 5255 425f . GRUB_\n-0000c820: 4445 4641 554c 543d 6578 616d 706c 652d DEFAULT=example-\n-0000c830: 676e 752d 6c69 6e75 780a 0a20 2020 2020 gnu-linux.. \n-0000c840: 5072 6576 696f 7573 6c79 2069 7420 7761 Previously it wa\n-0000c850: 7320 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6564 2074 6865 s documented the\n-0000c860: 2077 6179 2074 6f20 7573 6520 656e 7472 way to use entr\n-0000c870: 7920 7469 746c 652e 2020 5768 696c 650a y title. While.\n-0000c880: 2020 2020 2074 6869 7320 7374 696c 6c20 this still \n-0000c890: 776f 726b 7320 6974 2773 206e 6f74 2072 works it's not r\n-0000c8a0: 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6564 2073 696e 6365 ecommended since\n-0000c8b0: 2074 6974 6c65 7320 6f66 7465 6e20 636f titles often co\n-0000c8c0: 6e74 6169 6e0a 2020 2020 2075 6e73 7461 ntain. unsta\n-0000c8d0: 626c 6520 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 6573 ble device names\n-0000c8e0: 2061 6e64 206d 6179 2062 6520 7472 616e and may be tran\n-0000c8f0: 736c 6174 6564 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 slated.. If \n-0000c900: 796f 7520 7365 7420 7468 6973 2074 6f20 you set this to \n-0000c910: e280 9873 6176 6564 e280 992c 2074 6865 ...saved..., the\n-0000c920: 6e20 7468 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 6d65 n the default me\n-0000c930: 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 2077 696c 6c20 6265 nu entry will be\n-0000c940: 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6174 2073 6176 6564 . that saved\n-0000c950: 2062 7920 e280 9847 5255 425f 5341 5645 by ...GRUB_SAVE\n-0000c960: 4445 4641 554c 54e2 8099 206f 7220 e280 DEFAULT... or ..\n-0000c970: 9867 7275 622d 7365 742d 6465 6661 756c .grub-set-defaul\n-0000c980: 74e2 8099 2e20 2054 6869 730a 2020 2020 t.... This. \n-0000c990: 2072 656c 6965 7320 6f6e 2074 6865 2065 relies on the e\n-0000c9a0: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b nvironment block\n-0000c9b0: 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6d61 7920 6e6f 7420 , which may not \n-0000c9c0: 6265 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2069 6e20 be available in \n-0000c9d0: 616c 6c0a 2020 2020 2073 6974 7561 7469 all. situati\n-0000c9e0: 6f6e 7320 282a 6e6f 7465 2045 6e76 6972 ons (*note Envir\n-0000c9f0: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 3a3a 292e onment block::).\n-0000ca00: 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2064 6566 6175 .. The defau\n-0000ca10: 6c74 2069 7320 e280 9830 e280 992e 0a0a lt is ...0......\n-0000ca20: e280 9847 5255 425f 5341 5645 4445 4641 ...GRUB_SAVEDEFA\n-0000ca30: 554c 54e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2074 ULT.... If t\n-0000ca40: 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 7365 his option is se\n-0000ca50: 7420 746f 20e2 8098 7472 7565 e280 992c t to ...true...,\n-0000ca60: 2074 6865 6e2c 2077 6865 6e20 616e 2065 then, when an e\n-0000ca70: 6e74 7279 2069 7320 7365 6c65 6374 6564 ntry is selected\n-0000ca80: 2c0a 2020 2020 2073 6176 6520 6974 2061 ,. save it a\n-0000ca90: 7320 6120 6e65 7720 6465 6661 756c 7420 s a new default \n-0000caa0: 656e 7472 7920 666f 7220 7573 6520 6279 entry for use by\n-0000cab0: 2066 7574 7572 6520 7275 6e73 206f 6620 future runs of \n-0000cac0: 4752 5542 2e20 5468 6973 0a20 2020 2020 GRUB. This. \n-0000cad0: 6973 206f 6e6c 7920 7573 6566 756c 2069 is only useful i\n-0000cae0: 6620 e280 9847 5255 425f 4445 4641 554c f ...GRUB_DEFAUL\n-0000caf0: 543d 7361 7665 64e2 8099 3b20 6974 2069 T=saved...; it i\n-0000cb00: 7320 6120 7365 7061 7261 7465 206f 7074 s a separate opt\n-0000cb10: 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 2062 6563 6175 7365 ion. because\n-0000cb20: 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f44 4546 4155 4c54 ...GRUB_DEFAULT\n-0000cb30: 3d73 6176 6564 e280 9920 6973 2075 7365 =saved... is use\n-0000cb40: 6675 6c20 7769 7468 6f75 7420 7468 6973 ful without this\n-0000cb50: 206f 7074 696f 6e2c 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 option, in. \n-0000cb60: 2063 6f6e 6a75 6e63 7469 6f6e 2077 6974 conjunction wit\n-0000cb70: 6820 e280 9867 7275 622d 7365 742d 6465 h ...grub-set-de\n-0000cb80: 6661 756c 74e2 8099 2e20 2055 6e73 6574 fault.... Unset\n-0000cb90: 2062 7920 6465 6661 756c 742e 2020 5468 by default. Th\n-0000cba0: 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6f70 7469 6f6e 2072 is. option r\n-0000cbb0: 656c 6965 7320 6f6e 2074 6865 2065 6e76 elies on the env\n-0000cbc0: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 2c20 ironment block, \n-0000cbd0: 7768 6963 6820 6d61 7920 6e6f 7420 6265 which may not be\n-0000cbe0: 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 available. \n-0000cbf0: 696e 2061 6c6c 2073 6974 7561 7469 6f6e in all situation\n-0000cc00: 7320 282a 6e6f 7465 2045 6e76 6972 6f6e s (*note Environ\n-0000cc10: 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 3a3a 292e 0a0a ment block::)...\n-0000cc20: e280 9847 5255 425f 5449 4d45 4f55 54e2 ...GRUB_TIMEOUT.\n-0000cc30: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 426f 6f74 2074 6865 ... Boot the\n-0000cc40: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2065 6e74 7279 2074 default entry t\n-0000cc50: 6869 7320 6d61 6e79 2073 6563 6f6e 6473 his many seconds\n-0000cc60: 2061 6674 6572 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 after the menu \n-0000cc70: 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6469 7370 6c61 7965 is. displaye\n-0000cc80: 642c 2075 6e6c 6573 7320 6120 6b65 7920 d, unless a key \n-0000cc90: 6973 2070 7265 7373 6564 2e20 2054 6865 is pressed. The\n-0000cca0: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 e280 9835 default is ...5\n-0000ccb0: e280 992e 2020 5365 7420 746f 0a20 2020 .... Set to. \n-0000ccc0: 2020 e280 9830 e280 9920 746f 2062 6f6f ...0... to boo\n-0000ccd0: 7420 696d 6d65 6469 6174 656c 7920 7769 t immediately wi\n-0000cce0: 7468 6f75 7420 6469 7370 6c61 7969 6e67 thout displaying\n-0000ccf0: 2074 6865 206d 656e 752c 206f 7220 746f the menu, or to\n-0000cd00: 20e2 8098 2d31 e280 9920 746f 0a20 2020 ...-1... to. \n-0000cd10: 2020 7761 6974 2069 6e64 6566 696e 6974 wait indefinit\n-0000cd20: 656c 792e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 e280 ely... If ..\n-0000cd30: 9847 5255 425f 5449 4d45 4f55 545f 5354 .GRUB_TIMEOUT_ST\n-0000cd40: 594c 45e2 8099 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f YLE... is set to\n-0000cd50: 20e2 8098 636f 756e 7464 6f77 6ee2 8099 ...countdown...\n-0000cd60: 206f 7220 e280 9868 6964 6465 6ee2 8099 or ...hidden...\n-0000cd70: 2c20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2074 696d 656f , the. timeo\n-0000cd80: 7574 2069 7320 696e 7374 6561 6420 636f ut is instead co\n-0000cd90: 756e 7465 6420 6265 666f 7265 2074 6865 unted before the\n-0000cda0: 206d 656e 7520 6973 2064 6973 706c 6179 menu is display\n-0000cdb0: 6564 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 494d ed......GRUB_TIM\n-0000cdc0: 454f 5554 5f53 5459 4c45 e280 990a 2020 EOUT_STYLE.... \n-0000cdd0: 2020 2049 6620 7468 6973 206f 7074 696f If this optio\n-0000cde0: 6e20 6973 2075 6e73 6574 206f 7220 7365 n is unset or se\n-0000cdf0: 7420 746f 20e2 8098 6d65 6e75 e280 992c t to ...menu...,\n-0000ce00: 2074 6865 6e20 4752 5542 2077 696c 6c20 then GRUB will \n-0000ce10: 6469 7370 6c61 790a 2020 2020 2074 6865 display. the\n-0000ce20: 206d 656e 7520 616e 6420 7468 656e 2077 menu and then w\n-0000ce30: 6169 7420 666f 7220 7468 6520 7469 6d65 ait for the time\n-0000ce40: 6f75 7420 7365 7420 6279 20e2 8098 4752 out set by ...GR\n-0000ce50: 5542 5f54 494d 454f 5554 e280 9920 746f UB_TIMEOUT... to\n-0000ce60: 0a20 2020 2020 6578 7069 7265 2062 6566 . expire bef\n-0000ce70: 6f72 6520 626f 6f74 696e 6720 7468 6520 ore booting the \n-0000ce80: 6465 6661 756c 7420 656e 7472 792e 2020 default entry. \n-0000ce90: 5072 6573 7369 6e67 2061 206b 6579 2069 Pressing a key i\n-0000cea0: 6e74 6572 7275 7074 730a 2020 2020 2074 nterrupts. t\n-0000ceb0: 6865 2074 696d 656f 7574 2e0a 0a20 2020 he timeout... \n-0000cec0: 2020 4966 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e If this option\n-0000ced0: 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 636f is set to ...co\n-0000cee0: 756e 7464 6f77 6ee2 8099 206f 7220 e280 untdown... or ..\n-0000cef0: 9868 6964 6465 6ee2 8099 2c20 7468 656e .hidden..., then\n-0000cf00: 2c20 6265 666f 7265 0a20 2020 2020 6469 , before. di\n-0000cf10: 7370 6c61 7969 6e67 2074 6865 206d 656e splaying the men\n-0000cf20: 752c 2047 5255 4220 7769 6c6c 2077 6169 u, GRUB will wai\n-0000cf30: 7420 666f 7220 7468 6520 7469 6d65 6f75 t for the timeou\n-0000cf40: 7420 7365 7420 6279 0a20 2020 2020 e280 t set by. ..\n-0000cf50: 9847 5255 425f 5449 4d45 4f55 54e2 8099 .GRUB_TIMEOUT...\n-0000cf60: 2074 6f20 6578 7069 7265 2e20 2049 6620 to expire. If \n-0000cf70: 3c45 5343 3e20 6f72 203c 4634 3e20 6172 or ar\n-0000cf80: 6520 7072 6573 7365 642c 206f 7220 3c53 e pressed, or . is he\n-0000cfa0: 6c64 2064 6f77 6e20 6475 7269 6e67 2074 ld down during t\n-0000cfb0: 6861 7420 7469 6d65 2c20 6974 2077 696c hat time, it wil\n-0000cfc0: 6c20 6469 7370 6c61 7920 7468 6520 6d65 l display the me\n-0000cfd0: 6e75 2061 6e64 2077 6169 740a 2020 2020 nu and wait. \n-0000cfe0: 2066 6f72 2069 6e70 7574 2e20 2049 6620 for input. If \n-0000cff0: 6120 686f 746b 6579 2061 7373 6f63 6961 a hotkey associa\n-0000d000: 7465 6420 7769 7468 2061 206d 656e 7520 ted with a menu \n-0000d010: 656e 7472 7920 6973 2070 7265 7373 6564 entry is pressed\n-0000d020: 2c20 6974 0a20 2020 2020 7769 6c6c 2062 , it. will b\n-0000d030: 6f6f 7420 7468 6520 6173 736f 6369 6174 oot the associat\n-0000d040: 6564 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 696d ed menu entry im\n-0000d050: 6d65 6469 6174 656c 792e 2020 4966 2074 mediately. If t\n-0000d060: 6865 2074 696d 656f 7574 0a20 2020 2020 he timeout. \n-0000d070: 6578 7069 7265 7320 6265 666f 7265 2065 expires before e\n-0000d080: 6974 6865 7220 6f66 2074 6865 7365 2068 ither of these h\n-0000d090: 6170 7065 6e73 2c20 6974 2077 696c 6c20 appens, it will \n-0000d0a0: 626f 6f74 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 boot the default\n-0000d0b0: 0a20 2020 2020 656e 7472 792e 2020 496e . entry. In\n-0000d0c0: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 636f 756e 7464 6f77 the ...countdow\n-0000d0d0: 6ee2 8099 2063 6173 652c 2069 7420 7769 n... case, it wi\n-0000d0e0: 6c6c 2073 686f 7720 6120 6f6e 652d 6c69 ll show a one-li\n-0000d0f0: 6e65 2069 6e64 6963 6174 696f 6e0a 2020 ne indication. \n-0000d100: 2020 206f 6620 7468 6520 7265 6d61 696e of the remain\n-0000d110: 696e 6720 7469 6d65 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 ing time......GR\n-0000d120: 5542 5f44 4546 4155 4c54 5f42 5554 544f UB_DEFAULT_BUTTO\n-0000d130: 4ee2 8099 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 494d N.......GRUB_TIM\n-0000d140: 454f 5554 5f42 5554 544f 4ee2 8099 0ae2 EOUT_BUTTON.....\n-0000d150: 8098 4752 5542 5f54 494d 454f 5554 5f53 ..GRUB_TIMEOUT_S\n-0000d160: 5459 4c45 5f42 5554 544f 4ee2 8099 0ae2 TYLE_BUTTON.....\n-0000d170: 8098 4752 5542 5f42 5554 544f 4e5f 434d ..GRUB_BUTTON_CM\n-0000d180: 4f53 5f41 4444 5245 5353 e280 990a 2020 OS_ADDRESS.... \n-0000d190: 2020 2056 6172 6961 6e74 7320 6f66 2074 Variants of t\n-0000d1a0: 6865 2063 6f72 7265 7370 6f6e 6469 6e67 he corresponding\n-0000d1b0: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2077 6974 686f variables witho\n-0000d1c0: 7574 2074 6865 20e2 8098 5f42 5554 544f ut the ..._BUTTO\n-0000d1d0: 4ee2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 7375 6666 6978 N.... suffix\n-0000d1e0: 2c20 7573 6564 2074 6f20 7375 7070 6f72 , used to suppor\n-0000d1f0: 7420 7665 6e64 6f72 2d73 7065 6369 6669 t vendor-specifi\n-0000d200: 6320 706f 7765 7220 6275 7474 6f6e 732e c power buttons.\n-0000d210: 2020 2a4e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 2056 656e *Note. Ven\n-0000d220: 646f 7220 706f 7765 722d 6f6e 206b 6579 dor power-on key\n-0000d230: 733a 3a2e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f 4449 s::......GRUB_DI\n-0000d240: 5354 5249 4255 544f 52e2 8099 0a20 2020 STRIBUTOR.... \n-0000d250: 2020 5365 7420 6279 2064 6973 7472 6962 Set by distrib\n-0000d260: 7574 6f72 7320 6f66 2047 5255 4220 746f utors of GRUB to\n-0000d270: 2074 6865 6972 2069 6465 6e74 6966 7969 their identifyi\n-0000d280: 6e67 206e 616d 652e 2020 5468 6973 2069 ng name. This i\n-0000d290: 730a 2020 2020 2075 7365 6420 746f 2067 s. used to g\n-0000d2a0: 656e 6572 6174 6520 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 enerate more inf\n-0000d2b0: 6f72 6d61 7469 7665 206d 656e 7520 656e ormative menu en\n-0000d2c0: 7472 7920 7469 746c 6573 2e0a 0ae2 8098 try titles......\n-0000d2d0: 4752 5542 5f54 4552 4d49 4e41 4c5f 494e GRUB_TERMINAL_IN\n-0000d2e0: 5055 54e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5365 6c65 PUT.... Sele\n-0000d2f0: 6374 2074 6865 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 ct the terminal \n-0000d300: 696e 7075 7420 6465 7669 6365 2e20 2059 input device. Y\n-0000d310: 6f75 206d 6179 2073 656c 6563 7420 6d75 ou may select mu\n-0000d320: 6c74 6970 6c65 2064 6576 6963 6573 0a20 ltiple devices. \n-0000d330: 2020 2020 6865 7265 2c20 7365 7061 7261 here, separa\n-0000d340: 7465 6420 6279 2073 7061 6365 732e 0a0a ted by spaces...\n-0000d350: 2020 2020 2056 616c 6964 2074 6572 6d69 Valid termi\n-0000d360: 6e61 6c20 696e 7075 7420 6e61 6d65 7320 nal input names \n-0000d370: 6465 7065 6e64 206f 6e20 7468 6520 706c depend on the pl\n-0000d380: 6174 666f 726d 2c20 6275 7420 6d61 7920 atform, but may \n-0000d390: 696e 636c 7564 650a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 include. ...\n-0000d3a0: 636f 6e73 6f6c 65e2 8099 2028 6e61 7469 console... (nati\n-0000d3b0: 7665 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d20 636f 6e73 ve platform cons\n-0000d3c0: 6f6c 6529 2c20 e280 9873 6572 6961 6ce2 ole), ...serial.\n-0000d3d0: 8099 2028 7365 7269 616c 2074 6572 6d69 .. (serial termi\n-0000d3e0: 6e61 6c29 2c0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 7365 nal),. ...se\n-0000d3f0: 7269 616c 5f3c 706f 7274 3ee2 8099 2028 rial_... (\n-0000d400: 7365 7269 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 serial terminal \n-0000d410: 7769 7468 2065 7870 6c69 6369 7420 706f with explicit po\n-0000d420: 7274 2073 656c 6563 7469 6f6e 292c 0a20 rt selection),. \n-0000d430: 2020 2020 e280 9861 745f 6b65 7962 6f61 ...at_keyboa\n-0000d440: 7264 e280 9920 2850 4320 4154 206b 6579 rd... (PC AT key\n-0000d450: 626f 6172 6429 2c20 6f72 20e2 8098 7573 board), or ...us\n-0000d460: 625f 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 e280 9920 2855 b_keyboard... (U\n-0000d470: 5342 206b 6579 626f 6172 640a 2020 2020 SB keyboard. \n-0000d480: 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 2048 4944 2042 using the HID B\n-0000d490: 6f6f 7420 5072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2c20 666f oot Protocol, fo\n-0000d4a0: 7220 6361 7365 7320 7768 6572 6520 7468 r cases where th\n-0000d4b0: 6520 6669 726d 7761 7265 2064 6f65 7320 e firmware does \n-0000d4c0: 6e6f 740a 2020 2020 2068 616e 646c 6520 not. handle \n-0000d4d0: 7468 6973 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 this)... The\n-0000d4e0: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 746f 2075 default is to u\n-0000d4f0: 7365 2074 6865 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d27 se the platform'\n-0000d500: 7320 6e61 7469 7665 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 s native termina\n-0000d510: 6c20 696e 7075 742e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 l input......GRU\n-0000d520: 425f 5445 524d 494e 414c 5f4f 5554 5055 B_TERMINAL_OUTPU\n-0000d530: 54e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5365 6c65 6374 T.... Select\n-0000d540: 2074 6865 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 6f75 the terminal ou\n-0000d550: 7470 7574 2064 6576 6963 652e 2020 596f tput device. Yo\n-0000d560: 7520 6d61 7920 7365 6c65 6374 206d 756c u may select mul\n-0000d570: 7469 706c 6520 6465 7669 6365 730a 2020 tiple devices. \n-0000d580: 2020 2068 6572 652c 2073 6570 6172 6174 here, separat\n-0000d590: 6564 2062 7920 7370 6163 6573 2e0a 0a20 ed by spaces... \n-0000d5a0: 2020 2020 5661 6c69 6420 7465 726d 696e Valid termin\n-0000d5b0: 616c 206f 7574 7075 7420 6e61 6d65 7320 al output names \n-0000d5c0: 6465 7065 6e64 206f 6e20 7468 6520 706c depend on the pl\n-0000d5d0: 6174 666f 726d 2c20 6275 7420 6d61 7920 atform, but may \n-0000d5e0: 696e 636c 7564 650a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 include. ...\n-0000d5f0: 636f 6e73 6f6c 65e2 8099 2028 6e61 7469 console... (nati\n-0000d600: 7665 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d20 636f 6e73 ve platform cons\n-0000d610: 6f6c 6529 2c20 e280 9873 6572 6961 6ce2 ole), ...serial.\n-0000d620: 8099 2028 7365 7269 616c 2074 6572 6d69 .. (serial termi\n-0000d630: 6e61 6c29 2c0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 7365 nal),. ...se\n-0000d640: 7269 616c 5f3c 706f 7274 3ee2 8099 2028 rial_... (\n-0000d650: 7365 7269 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 serial terminal \n-0000d660: 7769 7468 2065 7870 6c69 6369 7420 706f with explicit po\n-0000d670: 7274 2073 656c 6563 7469 6f6e 292c 0a20 rt selection),. \n-0000d680: 2020 2020 e280 9867 6678 7465 726d e280 ...gfxterm..\n-0000d690: 9920 2867 7261 7068 6963 732d 6d6f 6465 . (graphics-mode\n-0000d6a0: 206f 7574 7075 7429 2c20 e280 9876 6761 output), ...vga\n-0000d6b0: 5f74 6578 74e2 8099 2028 5647 4120 7465 _text... (VGA te\n-0000d6c0: 7874 206f 7574 7075 7429 2c0a 2020 2020 xt output),. \n-0000d6d0: 20e2 8098 6d64 615f 7465 7874 e280 9920 ...mda_text... \n-0000d6e0: 284d 4441 2074 6578 7420 6f75 7470 7574 (MDA text output\n-0000d6f0: 292c 20e2 8098 6d6f 7273 65e2 8099 2028 ), ...morse... (\n-0000d700: 4d6f 7273 652d 636f 6469 6e67 2075 7369 Morse-coding usi\n-0000d710: 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d0a 2020 2020 2062 ng system. b\n-0000d720: 6565 7065 7229 206f 7220 e280 9873 706b eeper) or ...spk\n-0000d730: 6d6f 6465 6de2 8099 2028 7369 6d70 6c65 modem... (simple\n-0000d740: 2064 6174 6120 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2075 data protocol u\n-0000d750: 7369 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d20 7370 6561 sing system spea\n-0000d760: 6b65 7229 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9873 ker)... ...s\n-0000d770: 706b 6d6f 6465 6de2 8099 2069 7320 7573 pkmodem... is us\n-0000d780: 6566 756c 2077 6865 6e20 6e6f 2073 6572 eful when no ser\n-0000d790: 6961 6c20 706f 7274 2069 7320 6176 6169 ial port is avai\n-0000d7a0: 6c61 626c 652e 2020 436f 6e6e 6563 7420 lable. Connect \n-0000d7b0: 7468 650a 2020 2020 206f 7574 7075 7420 the. output \n-0000d7c0: 6f66 2073 656e 6469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 of sending syste\n-0000d7d0: 6d20 2877 6865 7265 2047 5255 4220 6973 m (where GRUB is\n-0000d7e0: 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 2920 746f 206c 696e running) to lin\n-0000d7f0: 652d 696e 206f 660a 2020 2020 2072 6563 e-in of. rec\n-0000d800: 6569 7669 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d20 2875 eiving system (u\n-0000d810: 7375 616c 6c79 2064 6576 656c 6f70 6572 sually developer\n-0000d820: 206d 6163 6869 6e65 292e 2020 4f6e 2072 machine). On r\n-0000d830: 6563 6569 7669 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d0a eceiving system.\n-0000d840: 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 7069 6c65 20e2 8098 compile ...\n-0000d850: 7370 6b6d 6f64 656d 2d72 6563 76e2 8099 spkmodem-recv...\n-0000d860: 2066 726f 6d20 e280 9875 7469 6c2f 7370 from ...util/sp\n-0000d870: 6b6d 6f64 656d 2d72 6563 762e 63e2 8099 kmodem-recv.c...\n-0000d880: 2061 6e64 2072 756e 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 and run:.. \n-0000d890: 2020 2020 2070 6172 6563 6f72 6420 2d2d parecord --\n-0000d8a0: 6368 616e 6e65 6c73 3d31 202d 2d72 6174 channels=1 --rat\n-0000d8b0: 653d 3438 3030 3020 2d2d 666f 726d 6174 e=48000 --format\n-0000d8c0: 3d73 3136 6c65 207c 202e 2f73 706b 6d6f =s16le | ./spkmo\n-0000d8d0: 6465 6d2d 7265 6376 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 dem-recv.. T\n-0000d8e0: 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 746f he default is to\n-0000d8f0: 2075 7365 2074 6865 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 use the platfor\n-0000d900: 6d27 7320 6e61 7469 7665 2074 6572 6d69 m's native termi\n-0000d910: 6e61 6c20 6f75 7470 7574 2e0a 0ae2 8098 nal output......\n-0000d920: 4752 5542 5f54 4552 4d49 4e41 4ce2 8099 GRUB_TERMINAL...\n-0000d930: 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2074 6869 7320 6f70 . If this op\n-0000d940: 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 7365 742c 2069 7420 tion is set, it \n-0000d950: 6f76 6572 7269 6465 7320 626f 7468 20e2 overrides both .\n-0000d960: 8098 4752 5542 5f54 4552 4d49 4e41 4c5f ..GRUB_TERMINAL_\n-0000d970: 494e 5055 54e2 8099 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 INPUT... and. \n-0000d980: 2020 e280 9847 5255 425f 5445 524d 494e ...GRUB_TERMIN\n-0000d990: 414c 5f4f 5554 5055 54e2 8099 2074 6f20 AL_OUTPUT... to \n-0000d9a0: 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2076 616c 7565 2e0a the same value..\n-0000d9b0: 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f53 4552 4941 4c5f ....GRUB_SERIAL_\n-0000d9c0: 434f 4d4d 414e 44e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 COMMAND.... \n-0000d9d0: 4120 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 746f 2063 6f6e A command to con\n-0000d9e0: 6669 6775 7265 2074 6865 2073 6572 6961 figure the seria\n-0000d9f0: 6c20 706f 7274 2077 6865 6e20 7573 696e l port when usin\n-0000da00: 6720 7468 6520 7365 7269 616c 0a20 2020 g the serial. \n-0000da10: 2020 636f 6e73 6f6c 652e 2020 2a4e 6f74 console. *Not\n-0000da20: 6520 7365 7269 616c 3a3a 2e20 2044 6566 e serial::. Def\n-0000da30: 6175 6c74 7320 746f 20e2 8098 7365 7269 aults to ...seri\n-0000da40: 616c e280 992e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f al.........GRUB_\n-0000da50: 434d 444c 494e 455f 4c49 4e55 58e2 8099 CMDLINE_LINUX...\n-0000da60: 0a20 2020 2020 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 . Command-li\n-0000da70: 6e65 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 2074 6f20 ne arguments to \n-0000da80: 6164 6420 746f 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 add to menu entr\n-0000da90: 6965 7320 666f 7220 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 ies for the Linu\n-0000daa0: 7820 6b65 726e 656c 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 x kernel......GR\n-0000dab0: 5542 5f43 4d44 4c49 4e45 5f4c 494e 5558 UB_CMDLINE_LINUX\n-0000dac0: 5f44 4546 4155 4c54 e280 990a 2020 2020 _DEFAULT.... \n-0000dad0: 2055 6e6c 6573 7320 e280 9847 5255 425f Unless ...GRUB_\n-0000dae0: 4449 5341 424c 455f 5245 434f 5645 5259 DISABLE_RECOVERY\n-0000daf0: e280 9920 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f20 e280 ... is set to ..\n-0000db00: 9874 7275 65e2 8099 2c20 7477 6f20 6d65 .true..., two me\n-0000db10: 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 6573 0a20 2020 2020 nu entries. \n-0000db20: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6765 6e65 7261 7465 will be generate\n-0000db30: 6420 666f 7220 6561 6368 204c 696e 7578 d for each Linux\n-0000db40: 206b 6572 6e65 6c3a 206f 6e65 2064 6566 kernel: one def\n-0000db50: 6175 6c74 2065 6e74 7279 2061 6e64 206f ault entry and o\n-0000db60: 6e65 0a20 2020 2020 656e 7472 7920 666f ne. entry fo\n-0000db70: 7220 7265 636f 7665 7279 206d 6f64 652e r recovery mode.\n-0000db80: 2020 5468 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6c69 This option li\n-0000db90: 7374 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 sts command-line\n-0000dba0: 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 0a20 2020 2020 arguments. \n-0000dbb0: 746f 2061 6464 206f 6e6c 7920 746f 2074 to add only to t\n-0000dbc0: 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 206d 656e 7520 he default menu \n-0000dbd0: 656e 7472 792c 2061 6674 6572 2074 686f entry, after tho\n-0000dbe0: 7365 206c 6973 7465 6420 696e 0a20 2020 se listed in. \n-0000dbf0: 2020 e280 9847 5255 425f 434d 444c 494e ...GRUB_CMDLIN\n-0000dc00: 455f 4c49 4e55 58e2 8099 2e0a 0ae2 8098 E_LINUX.........\n-0000dc10: 4752 5542 5f43 4d44 4c49 4e45 5f4c 494e GRUB_CMDLINE_LIN\n-0000dc20: 5558 5f52 4543 4f56 4552 59e2 8099 0a20 UX_RECOVERY.... \n-0000dc30: 2020 2020 556e 6c65 7373 20e2 8098 4752 Unless ...GR\n-0000dc40: 5542 5f44 4953 4142 4c45 5f52 4543 4f56 UB_DISABLE_RECOV\n-0000dc50: 4552 59e2 8099 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f ERY... is set to\n-0000dc60: 20e2 8098 7472 7565 e280 992c 2074 776f ...true..., two\n-0000dc70: 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 730a 2020 menu entries. \n-0000dc80: 2020 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2067 656e 6572 will be gener\n-0000dc90: 6174 6564 2066 6f72 2065 6163 6820 4c69 ated for each Li\n-0000dca0: 6e75 7820 6b65 726e 656c 3a20 6f6e 6520 nux kernel: one \n-0000dcb0: 6465 6661 756c 7420 656e 7472 7920 616e default entry an\n-0000dcc0: 6420 6f6e 650a 2020 2020 2065 6e74 7279 d one. entry\n-0000dcd0: 2066 6f72 2072 6563 6f76 6572 7920 6d6f for recovery mo\n-0000dce0: 6465 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e de. This option\n-0000dcf0: 206c 6973 7473 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c lists command-l\n-0000dd00: 696e 6520 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 730a 2020 ine arguments. \n-0000dd10: 2020 2074 6f20 6164 6420 6f6e 6c79 2074 to add only t\n-0000dd20: 6f20 7468 6520 7265 636f 7665 7279 206d o the recovery m\n-0000dd30: 656e 7520 656e 7472 792c 2062 6566 6f72 enu entry, befor\n-0000dd40: 6520 7468 6f73 6520 6c69 7374 6564 2069 e those listed i\n-0000dd50: 6e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f43 n. ...GRUB_C\n-0000dd60: 4d44 4c49 4e45 5f4c 494e 5558 e280 992e MDLINE_LINUX....\n-0000dd70: 2020 5468 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 6973 The default is\n-0000dd80: 20e2 8098 7369 6e67 6c65 e280 992e 0a0a ...single......\n-0000dd90: e280 9847 5255 425f 434d 444c 494e 455f ...GRUB_CMDLINE_\n-0000dda0: 4e45 5442 5344 e280 990a e280 9847 5255 NETBSD.......GRU\n-0000ddb0: 425f 434d 444c 494e 455f 4e45 5442 5344 B_CMDLINE_NETBSD\n-0000ddc0: 5f44 4546 4155 4c54 e280 990a 2020 2020 _DEFAULT.... \n-0000ddd0: 2041 7320 e280 9847 5255 425f 434d 444c As ...GRUB_CMDL\n-0000dde0: 494e 455f 4c49 4e55 58e2 8099 2061 6e64 INE_LINUX... and\n-0000ddf0: 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f43 4d44 4c49 4e45 ...GRUB_CMDLINE\n-0000de00: 5f4c 494e 5558 5f44 4546 4155 4c54 e280 _LINUX_DEFAULT..\n-0000de10: 992c 2062 7574 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 ., but for. \n-0000de20: 4e65 7442 5344 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 NetBSD......GRUB\n-0000de30: 5f43 4d44 4c49 4e45 5f47 4e55 4d41 4348 _CMDLINE_GNUMACH\n-0000de40: e280 990a 2020 2020 2041 7320 e280 9847 .... As ...G\n-0000de50: 5255 425f 434d 444c 494e 455f 4c49 4e55 RUB_CMDLINE_LINU\n-0000de60: 58e2 8099 2c20 6275 7420 666f 7220 474e X..., but for GN\n-0000de70: 5520 4d61 6368 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 U Mach......GRUB\n-0000de80: 5f43 4d44 4c49 4e45 5f58 454e e280 990a _CMDLINE_XEN....\n-0000de90: e280 9847 5255 425f 434d 444c 494e 455f ...GRUB_CMDLINE_\n-0000dea0: 5845 4e5f 4445 4641 554c 54e2 8099 0a20 XEN_DEFAULT.... \n-0000deb0: 2020 2020 5468 6520 7661 6c75 6573 206f The values o\n-0000dec0: 6620 7468 6573 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 f these options \n-0000ded0: 6172 6520 7061 7373 6564 2074 6f20 5865 are passed to Xe\n-0000dee0: 6e20 6879 7065 7276 6973 6f72 2058 656e n hypervisor Xen\n-0000def0: 206d 656e 750a 2020 2020 2065 6e74 7269 menu. entri\n-0000df00: 6573 2c20 666f 7220 616c 6c20 7265 7370 es, for all resp\n-0000df10: 6563 7469 7665 6c79 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 ectively normal \n-0000df20: 656e 7472 6965 732e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 entries......GRU\n-0000df30: 425f 434d 444c 494e 455f 4c49 4e55 585f B_CMDLINE_LINUX_\n-0000df40: 5845 4e5f 5245 504c 4143 45e2 8099 0ae2 XEN_REPLACE.....\n-0000df50: 8098 4752 5542 5f43 4d44 4c49 4e45 5f4c ..GRUB_CMDLINE_L\n-0000df60: 494e 5558 5f58 454e 5f52 4550 4c41 4345 INUX_XEN_REPLACE\n-0000df70: 5f44 4546 4155 4c54 e280 990a 2020 2020 _DEFAULT.... \n-0000df80: 2054 6865 2076 616c 7565 7320 6f66 2074 The values of t\n-0000df90: 6865 7365 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2072 6570 hese options rep\n-0000dfa0: 6c61 6365 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 7320 lace the values \n-0000dfb0: 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9847 5255 425f of. ...GRUB_\n-0000dfc0: 434d 444c 494e 455f 4c49 4e55 58e2 8099 CMDLINE_LINUX...\n-0000dfd0: 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f43 4d44 and ...GRUB_CMD\n-0000dfe0: 4c49 4e45 5f4c 494e 5558 5f44 4546 4155 LINE_LINUX_DEFAU\n-0000dff0: 4c54 e280 9920 666f 7220 4c69 6e75 7820 LT... for Linux \n-0000e000: 616e 640a 2020 2020 2058 656e 206d 656e and. Xen men\n-0000e010: 7520 656e 7472 6965 732e 0a0a e280 9847 u entries......G\n-0000e020: 5255 425f 544f 505f 4c45 5645 4ce2 8099 RUB_TOP_LEVEL...\n-0000e030: 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 4f50 5f4c 4556 ....GRUB_TOP_LEV\n-0000e040: 454c 5f58 454e e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 EL_XEN.... T\n-0000e050: 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2073 686f 756c his option shoul\n-0000e060: 6420 6265 2061 6e20 6162 736f 6c75 7465 d be an absolute\n-0000e070: 2070 6174 6820 746f 2061 206b 6572 6e65 path to a kerne\n-0000e080: 6c20 696d 6167 652e 2020 4966 0a20 2020 l image. If. \n-0000e090: 2020 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2c20 7468 6520 provided, the \n-0000e0a0: 696d 6167 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 image specified \n-0000e0b0: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6d61 6465 2074 6865 will be made the\n-0000e0c0: 2074 6f70 2d6c 6576 656c 2065 6e74 7279 top-level entry\n-0000e0d0: 2069 660a 2020 2020 2069 7420 6973 2066 if. it is f\n-0000e0e0: 6f75 6e64 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7363 616e ound in the scan\n-0000e0f0: 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 4f50 5f4c ......GRUB_TOP_L\n-0000e100: 4556 454c 5f4f 535f 5052 4f42 4552 e280 EVEL_OS_PROBER..\n-0000e110: 990a 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 6f70 7469 .. This opti\n-0000e120: 6f6e 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2061 206c on should be a l\n-0000e130: 696e 6520 6f66 206f 7574 7075 7420 6672 ine of output fr\n-0000e140: 6f6d 20e2 8098 6f73 2d70 726f 6265 72e2 om ...os-prober.\n-0000e150: 8099 2e20 2041 730a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 ... As. ...\n-0000e160: 4752 5542 5f54 4f50 5f4c 4556 454c e280 GRUB_TOP_LEVEL..\n-0000e170: 992c 2069 6620 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2c20 ., if provided, \n-0000e180: 7468 6520 696d 6167 6520 7370 6563 6966 the image specif\n-0000e190: 6965 6420 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6d61 6465 ied will be made\n-0000e1a0: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 746f 702d 6c65 the. top-le\n-0000e1b0: 7665 6c20 656e 7472 7920 6966 2069 7420 vel entry if it \n-0000e1c0: 6973 2066 6f75 6e64 2069 6e20 7468 6520 is found in the \n-0000e1d0: 7363 616e 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f45 scan......GRUB_E\n-0000e1e0: 4152 4c59 5f49 4e49 5452 445f 4c49 4e55 ARLY_INITRD_LINU\n-0000e1f0: 585f 4355 5354 4f4d e280 990a e280 9847 X_CUSTOM.......G\n-0000e200: 5255 425f 4541 524c 595f 494e 4954 5244 RUB_EARLY_INITRD\n-0000e210: 5f4c 494e 5558 5f53 544f 434b e280 990a _LINUX_STOCK....\n-0000e220: 2020 2020 204c 6973 7420 6f66 2073 7061 List of spa\n-0000e230: 6365 2d73 6570 6172 6174 6564 2065 6172 ce-separated ear\n-0000e240: 6c79 2069 6e69 7472 6420 696d 6167 6573 ly initrd images\n-0000e250: 2074 6f20 6265 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6672 to be loaded fr\n-0000e260: 6f6d 0a20 2020 2020 e280 982f 626f 6f74 om. .../boot\n-0000e270: e280 992e 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 666f .... This is fo\n-0000e280: 7220 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 7468 696e 6773 r loading things\n-0000e290: 206c 696b 6520 4350 5520 6d69 6372 6f63 like CPU microc\n-0000e2a0: 6f64 652c 2066 6972 6d77 6172 652c 0a20 ode, firmware,. \n-0000e2b0: 2020 2020 4143 5049 2074 6162 6c65 732c ACPI tables,\n-0000e2c0: 2063 7279 7074 6f20 6b65 7973 2c20 616e crypto keys, an\n-0000e2d0: 6420 736f 206f 6e2e 2020 5468 6573 6520 d so on. These \n-0000e2e0: 6561 726c 7920 696d 6167 6573 2077 696c early images wil\n-0000e2f0: 6c20 6265 0a20 2020 2020 6c6f 6164 6564 l be. loaded\n-0000e300: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6f72 6465 7220 6465 in the order de\n-0000e310: 636c 6172 6564 2c20 616e 6420 616c 6c20 clared, and all \n-0000e320: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6c6f 6164 6564 2062 will be loaded b\n-0000e330: 6566 6f72 6520 7468 650a 2020 2020 2061 efore the. a\n-0000e340: 6374 7561 6c20 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 616c ctual functional\n-0000e350: 2069 6e69 7472 6420 696d 6167 652e 0a0a initrd image...\n-0000e360: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f45 4152 ...GRUB_EAR\n-0000e370: 4c59 5f49 4e49 5452 445f 4c49 4e55 585f LY_INITRD_LINUX_\n-0000e380: 5354 4f43 4be2 8099 2069 7320 666f 7220 STOCK... is for \n-0000e390: 796f 7572 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 696f your distributio\n-0000e3a0: 6e20 746f 2064 6563 6c61 7265 0a20 2020 n to declare. \n-0000e3b0: 2020 696d 6167 6573 2074 6861 7420 6172 images that ar\n-0000e3c0: 6520 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 7468 e provided by th\n-0000e3d0: 6520 6469 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 2e20 e distribution. \n-0000e3e0: 2049 7420 7368 6f75 6c64 206e 6f74 2062 It should not b\n-0000e3f0: 650a 2020 2020 206d 6f64 6966 6965 6420 e. modified \n-0000e400: 7769 7468 6f75 7420 756e 6465 7273 7461 without understa\n-0000e410: 6e64 696e 6720 7468 6520 636f 6e73 6571 nding the conseq\n-0000e420: 7565 6e63 6573 2e20 2054 6865 7920 7769 uences. They wi\n-0000e430: 6c6c 2062 650a 2020 2020 206c 6f61 6465 ll be. loade\n-0000e440: 6420 6669 7273 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 20e2 d first... .\n-0000e450: 8098 4752 5542 5f45 4152 4c59 5f49 4e49 ..GRUB_EARLY_INI\n-0000e460: 5452 445f 4c49 4e55 585f 4355 5354 4f4d TRD_LINUX_CUSTOM\n-0000e470: e280 9920 6973 2066 6f72 2079 6f75 7220 ... is for your \n-0000e480: 6375 7374 6f6d 2063 7265 6174 6564 2069 custom created i\n-0000e490: 6d61 6765 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 mages... The\n-0000e4a0: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2073 746f 636b 2069 default stock i\n-0000e4b0: 6d61 6765 7320 6172 6520 6173 2066 6f6c mages are as fol\n-0000e4c0: 6c6f 7773 2c20 7468 6f75 6768 2074 6865 lows, though the\n-0000e4d0: 7920 6d61 7920 6265 0a20 2020 2020 6f76 y may be. ov\n-0000e4e0: 6572 7269 6464 656e 2062 7920 796f 7572 erridden by your\n-0000e4f0: 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 696f 6e3a 0a20 distribution:. \n-0000e500: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 6e74 656c 2d75 intel-u\n-0000e510: 632e 696d 6720 696e 7465 6c2d 7563 6f64 c.img intel-ucod\n-0000e520: 652e 696d 6720 616d 642d 7563 2e69 6d67 e.img amd-uc.img\n-0000e530: 2061 6d64 2d75 636f 6465 2e69 6d67 2065 amd-ucode.img e\n-0000e540: 6172 6c79 5f75 636f 6465 2e63 7069 6f20 arly_ucode.cpio \n-0000e550: 6d69 6372 6f63 6f64 652e 6370 696f 0a0a microcode.cpio..\n-0000e560: e280 9847 5255 425f 4449 5341 424c 455f ...GRUB_DISABLE_\n-0000e570: 4c49 4e55 585f 5555 4944 e280 990a 2020 LINUX_UUID.... \n-0000e580: 2020 204e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 792c 20e2 8098 Normally, ...\n-0000e590: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 grub-mkconfig...\n-0000e5a0: 2077 696c 6c20 6765 6e65 7261 7465 206d will generate m\n-0000e5b0: 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 7320 7468 6174 enu entries that\n-0000e5c0: 2075 7365 0a20 2020 2020 756e 6976 6572 use. univer\n-0000e5d0: 7361 6c6c 792d 756e 6971 7565 2069 6465 sally-unique ide\n-0000e5e0: 6e74 6966 6965 7273 2028 5555 4944 7329 ntifiers (UUIDs)\n-0000e5f0: 2074 6f20 6964 656e 7469 6679 2074 6865 to identify the\n-0000e600: 2072 6f6f 740a 2020 2020 2066 696c 6573 root. files\n-0000e610: 7973 7465 6d20 746f 2074 6865 204c 696e ystem to the Lin\n-0000e620: 7578 206b 6572 6e65 6c2c 2075 7369 6e67 ux kernel, using\n-0000e630: 2061 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 3d55 5549 443d a ...root=UUID=\n-0000e640: 2e2e 2ee2 8099 206b 6572 6e65 6c0a 2020 ...... kernel. \n-0000e650: 2020 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 2e20 2054 parameter. T\n-0000e660: 6869 7320 6973 2075 7375 616c 6c79 206d his is usually m\n-0000e670: 6f72 6520 7265 6c69 6162 6c65 2c20 6275 ore reliable, bu\n-0000e680: 7420 696e 2073 6f6d 6520 6361 7365 7320 t in some cases \n-0000e690: 6974 206d 6179 0a20 2020 2020 6e6f 7420 it may. not \n-0000e6a0: 6265 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 2e20 be appropriate. \n-0000e6b0: 2054 6f20 6469 7361 626c 6520 7468 6520 To disable the \n-0000e6c0: 7573 6520 6f66 2055 5549 4473 2c20 7365 use of UUIDs, se\n-0000e6d0: 7420 7468 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e0a 2020 t this option. \n-0000e6e0: 2020 2074 6f20 e280 9874 7275 65e2 8099 to ...true...\n-0000e6f0: 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f44 4953 4142 ......GRUB_DISAB\n-0000e700: 4c45 5f4c 494e 5558 5f50 4152 5455 5549 LE_LINUX_PARTUUI\n-0000e710: 44e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4966 20e2 8098 D.... If ...\n-0000e720: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 grub-mkconfig...\n-0000e730: 2063 616e 6e6f 7420 6964 656e 7469 6679 cannot identify\n-0000e740: 2074 6865 2072 6f6f 7420 6669 6c65 7379 the root filesy\n-0000e750: 7374 656d 2076 6961 2069 7473 0a20 2020 stem via its. \n-0000e760: 2020 756e 6976 6572 7361 6c6c 792d 756e universally-un\n-0000e770: 6971 7565 2069 6e64 656e 7469 6669 6572 ique indentifier\n-0000e780: 2028 5555 4944 292c 20e2 8098 6772 7562 (UUID), ...grub\n-0000e790: 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2063 616e -mkconfig... can\n-0000e7a0: 2075 7365 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 5555 use the. UU\n-0000e7b0: 4944 206f 6620 7468 6520 7061 7274 6974 ID of the partit\n-0000e7c0: 696f 6e20 636f 6e74 6169 6e69 6e67 2074 ion containing t\n-0000e7d0: 6865 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 746f he filesystem to\n-0000e7e0: 2069 6465 6e74 6966 7920 7468 650a 2020 identify the. \n-0000e7f0: 2020 2072 6f6f 7420 6669 6c65 7379 7374 root filesyst\n-0000e800: 656d 2074 6f20 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 7820 em to the Linux \n-0000e810: 6b65 726e 656c 2076 6961 2061 20e2 8098 kernel via a ...\n-0000e820: 726f 6f74 3d50 4152 5455 5549 443d 2e2e root=PARTUUID=..\n-0000e830: 2ee2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 726e 656c ..... kernel\n-0000e840: 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 2e20 2054 6869 parameter. Thi\n-0000e850: 7320 6973 206e 6f74 2061 7320 7265 6c69 s is not as reli\n-0000e860: 6162 6c65 2061 7320 7573 696e 6720 7468 able as using th\n-0000e870: 6520 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 0a20 2020 e filesystem. \n-0000e880: 2020 5555 4944 2c20 6275 7420 6973 206d UUID, but is m\n-0000e890: 6f72 6520 7265 6c69 6162 6c65 2074 6861 ore reliable tha\n-0000e8a0: 6e20 7573 696e 6720 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 n using the Linu\n-0000e8b0: 7820 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 6573 2e20 x device names. \n-0000e8c0: 2057 6865 6e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 4752 When. ...GR\n-0000e8d0: 5542 5f44 4953 4142 4c45 5f4c 494e 5558 UB_DISABLE_LINUX\n-0000e8e0: 5f50 4152 5455 5549 44e2 8099 2069 7320 _PARTUUID... is \n-0000e8f0: 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 6661 6c73 65e2 set to ...false.\n-0000e900: 8099 2c20 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 .., the Linux ke\n-0000e910: 726e 656c 0a20 2020 2020 7665 7273 696f rnel. versio\n-0000e920: 6e20 6d75 7374 2062 6520 322e 362e 3337 n must be 2.6.37\n-0000e930: 2028 332e 3130 2066 6f72 2073 7973 7465 (3.10 for syste\n-0000e940: 6d73 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 204d 5344 ms using the MSD\n-0000e950: 4f53 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 OS partition. \n-0000e960: 2020 7363 6865 6d65 2920 6f72 206e 6577 scheme) or new\n-0000e970: 6572 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e er. This option\n-0000e980: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 7320 746f 20e2 8098 defaults to ...\n-0000e990: 7472 7565 e280 992e 2020 546f 2065 6e61 true.... To ena\n-0000e9a0: 626c 6520 7468 650a 2020 2020 2075 7365 ble the. use\n-0000e9b0: 206f 6620 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 5555 of partition UU\n-0000e9c0: 4944 732c 2073 6574 2074 6869 7320 6f70 IDs, set this op\n-0000e9d0: 7469 6f6e 2074 6f20 e280 9866 616c 7365 tion to ...false\n-0000e9e0: e280 992e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f 4449 .........GRUB_DI\n-0000e9f0: 5341 424c 455f 5245 434f 5645 5259 e280 SABLE_RECOVERY..\n-0000ea00: 990a 2020 2020 2049 6620 7468 6973 206f .. If this o\n-0000ea10: 7074 696f 6e20 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f20 ption is set to \n-0000ea20: e280 9874 7275 65e2 8099 2c20 6469 7361 ...true..., disa\n-0000ea30: 626c 6520 7468 6520 6765 6e65 7261 7469 ble the generati\n-0000ea40: 6f6e 206f 6620 7265 636f 7665 7279 0a20 on of recovery. \n-0000ea50: 2020 2020 6d6f 6465 206d 656e 7520 656e mode menu en\n-0000ea60: 7472 6965 732e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f tries......GRUB_\n-0000ea70: 4449 5341 424c 455f 5555 4944 e280 990a DISABLE_UUID....\n-0000ea80: 2020 2020 204e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 792c 20e2 Normally, .\n-0000ea90: 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 ..grub-mkconfig.\n-0000eaa0: 8099 2077 696c 6c20 6765 6e65 7261 7465 .. will generate\n-0000eab0: 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 7320 7468 menu entries th\n-0000eac0: 6174 2075 7365 0a20 2020 2020 756e 6976 at use. univ\n-0000ead0: 6572 7361 6c6c 792d 756e 6971 7565 2069 ersally-unique i\n-0000eae0: 6465 6e74 6966 6965 7273 2028 5555 4944 dentifiers (UUID\n-0000eaf0: 7329 2074 6f20 6964 656e 7469 6679 2076 s) to identify v\n-0000eb00: 6172 696f 7573 0a20 2020 2020 6669 6c65 arious. file\n-0000eb10: 7379 7374 656d 7320 746f 2073 6561 7263 systems to searc\n-0000eb20: 6820 666f 7220 6669 6c65 732e 2020 5468 h for files. Th\n-0000eb30: 6973 2069 7320 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 6d6f is is usually mo\n-0000eb40: 7265 2072 656c 6961 626c 652c 0a20 2020 re reliable,. \n-0000eb50: 2020 6275 7420 696e 2073 6f6d 6520 6361 but in some ca\n-0000eb60: 7365 7320 6974 206d 6179 206e 6f74 2062 ses it may not b\n-0000eb70: 6520 6170 7072 6f70 7269 6174 652e 2020 e appropriate. \n-0000eb80: 546f 2064 6973 6162 6c65 2074 6869 7320 To disable this \n-0000eb90: 7573 650a 2020 2020 206f 6620 5555 4944 use. of UUID\n-0000eba0: 732c 2073 6574 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 s, set this opti\n-0000ebb0: 6f6e 2074 6f20 e280 9874 7275 65e2 8099 on to ...true...\n-0000ebc0: 2e20 2053 6574 7469 6e67 2074 6869 7320 . Setting this \n-0000ebd0: 6f70 7469 6f6e 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 20e2 option to. .\n-0000ebe0: 8098 7472 7565 e280 992c 2077 696c 6c20 ..true..., will \n-0000ebf0: 616c 736f 2073 6574 2074 6865 206f 7074 also set the opt\n-0000ec00: 696f 6e73 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f44 4953 ions ...GRUB_DIS\n-0000ec10: 4142 4c45 5f4c 494e 5558 5f55 5549 44e2 ABLE_LINUX_UUID.\n-0000ec20: 8099 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9847 .. and. ...G\n-0000ec30: 5255 425f 4449 5341 424c 455f 4c49 4e55 RUB_DISABLE_LINU\n-0000ec40: 585f 5041 5254 5555 4944 e280 9920 746f X_PARTUUID... to\n-0000ec50: 20e2 8098 7472 7565 e280 992c 2075 6e6c ...true..., unl\n-0000ec60: 6573 7320 7468 6579 2068 6176 6520 6265 ess they have be\n-0000ec70: 656e 0a20 2020 2020 6578 706c 6963 696c en. explicil\n-0000ec80: 7479 2073 6574 2074 6f20 e280 9866 616c ty set to ...fal\n-0000ec90: 7365 e280 992e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f se.........GRUB_\n-0000eca0: 5649 4445 4f5f 4241 434b 454e 44e2 8099 VIDEO_BACKEND...\n-0000ecb0: 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2067 7261 7068 6963 . If graphic\n-0000ecc0: 616c 2076 6964 656f 2073 7570 706f 7274 al video support\n-0000ecd0: 2069 7320 7265 7175 6972 6564 2c20 6569 is required, ei\n-0000ece0: 7468 6572 2062 6563 6175 7365 2074 6865 ther because the\n-0000ecf0: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9867 6678 7465 726d . ...gfxterm\n-0000ed00: e280 9920 6772 6170 6869 6361 6c20 7465 ... graphical te\n-0000ed10: 726d 696e 616c 2069 7320 696e 2075 7365 rminal is in use\n-0000ed20: 206f 7220 6265 6361 7573 650a 2020 2020 or because. \n-0000ed30: 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f47 4658 5041 594c ...GRUB_GFXPAYL\n-0000ed40: 4f41 445f 4c49 4e55 58e2 8099 2069 7320 OAD_LINUX... is \n-0000ed50: 7365 742c 2074 6865 6e20 e280 9867 7275 set, then ...gru\n-0000ed60: 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 e280 9920 7769 b-mkconfig... wi\n-0000ed70: 6c6c 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 790a 2020 2020 ll normally. \n-0000ed80: 206c 6f61 6420 616c 6c20 6176 6169 6c61 load all availa\n-0000ed90: 626c 6520 4752 5542 2076 6964 656f 2064 ble GRUB video d\n-0000eda0: 7269 7665 7273 2061 6e64 2075 7365 2074 rivers and use t\n-0000edb0: 6865 206f 6e65 206d 6f73 740a 2020 2020 he one most. \n-0000edc0: 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 2066 6f72 appropriate for\n-0000edd0: 2079 6f75 7220 6861 7264 7761 7265 2e20 your hardware. \n-0000ede0: 2049 6620 796f 7520 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 If you need to \n-0000edf0: 6f76 6572 7269 6465 2074 6869 7320 666f override this fo\n-0000ee00: 720a 2020 2020 2073 6f6d 6520 7265 6173 r. some reas\n-0000ee10: 6f6e 2c20 7468 656e 2079 6f75 2063 616e on, then you can\n-0000ee20: 2073 6574 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e set this option\n-0000ee30: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4166 7465 7220 e280 ... After ..\n-0000ee40: 9867 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6ce2 8099 .grub-install...\n-0000ee50: 2068 6173 2062 6565 6e20 7275 6e2c 2074 has been run, t\n-0000ee60: 6865 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2076 6964 he available vid\n-0000ee70: 656f 2064 7269 7665 7273 2061 7265 0a20 eo drivers are. \n-0000ee80: 2020 2020 6c69 7374 6564 2069 6e20 e280 listed in ..\n-0000ee90: 982f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 622f 7669 6465 ./boot/grub/vide\n-0000eea0: 6f2e 6c73 74e2 8099 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 o.lst.........GR\n-0000eeb0: 5542 5f47 4658 4d4f 4445 e280 990a 2020 UB_GFXMODE.... \n-0000eec0: 2020 2053 6574 2074 6865 2072 6573 6f6c Set the resol\n-0000eed0: 7574 696f 6e20 7573 6564 206f 6e20 7468 ution used on th\n-0000eee0: 6520 e280 9867 6678 7465 726d e280 9920 e ...gfxterm... \n-0000eef0: 6772 6170 6869 6361 6c20 7465 726d 696e graphical termin\n-0000ef00: 616c 2e20 204e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 2074 al. Note. t\n-0000ef10: 6861 7420 796f 7520 6361 6e20 6f6e 6c79 hat you can only\n-0000ef20: 2075 7365 206d 6f64 6573 2077 6869 6368 use modes which\n-0000ef30: 2079 6f75 7220 6772 6170 6869 6373 2063 your graphics c\n-0000ef40: 6172 6420 7375 7070 6f72 7473 2076 6961 ard supports via\n-0000ef50: 0a20 2020 2020 5645 5341 2042 494f 5320 . VESA BIOS \n-0000ef60: 4578 7465 6e73 696f 6e73 2028 5642 4529 Extensions (VBE)\n-0000ef70: 2c20 736f 2066 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 , so for example\n-0000ef80: 206e 6174 6976 6520 4c43 4420 7061 6e65 native LCD pane\n-0000ef90: 6c0a 2020 2020 2072 6573 6f6c 7574 696f l. resolutio\n-0000efa0: 6e73 206d 6179 206e 6f74 2062 6520 6176 ns may not be av\n-0000efb0: 6169 6c61 626c 652e 2020 5468 6520 6465 ailable. The de\n-0000efc0: 6661 756c 7420 6973 20e2 8098 6175 746f fault is ...auto\n-0000efd0: e280 992c 2077 6869 6368 0a20 2020 2020 ..., which. \n-0000efe0: 7472 6965 7320 746f 2073 656c 6563 7420 tries to select \n-0000eff0: 6120 7072 6566 6572 7265 6420 7265 736f a preferred reso\n-0000f000: 6c75 7469 6f6e 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 2067 lution. *Note g\n-0000f010: 6678 6d6f 6465 3a3a 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 fxmode::......GR\n-0000f020: 5542 5f42 4143 4b47 524f 554e 44e2 8099 UB_BACKGROUND...\n-0000f030: 0a20 2020 2020 5365 7420 6120 6261 636b . Set a back\n-0000f040: 6772 6f75 6e64 2069 6d61 6765 2066 6f72 ground image for\n-0000f050: 2075 7365 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 e280 use with the ..\n-0000f060: 9867 6678 7465 726d e280 9920 6772 6170 .gfxterm... grap\n-0000f070: 6869 6361 6c0a 2020 2020 2074 6572 6d69 hical. termi\n-0000f080: 6e61 6c2e 2020 5468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 nal. The value \n-0000f090: 6f66 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 206d of this option m\n-0000f0a0: 7573 7420 6265 2061 2066 696c 6520 7265 ust be a file re\n-0000f0b0: 6164 6162 6c65 2062 7920 4752 5542 0a20 adable by GRUB. \n-0000f0c0: 2020 2020 6174 2062 6f6f 7420 7469 6d65 at boot time\n-0000f0d0: 2c20 616e 6420 6974 206d 7573 7420 656e , and it must en\n-0000f0e0: 6420 7769 7468 20e2 8098 2e70 6e67 e280 d with ....png..\n-0000f0f0: 992c 20e2 8098 2e74 6761 e280 992c 20e2 ., ....tga..., .\n-0000f100: 8098 2e6a 7067 e280 992c 206f 720a 2020 ...jpg..., or. \n-0000f110: 2020 20e2 8098 2e6a 7065 67e2 8099 2e20 ....jpeg.... \n-0000f120: 2054 6865 2069 6d61 6765 2077 696c 6c20 The image will \n-0000f130: 6265 2073 6361 6c65 6420 6966 206e 6563 be scaled if nec\n-0000f140: 6573 7361 7279 2074 6f20 6669 7420 7468 essary to fit th\n-0000f150: 6520 7363 7265 656e 2e0a 2020 2020 2049 e screen.. I\n-0000f160: 6d61 6765 2068 6569 6768 7420 616e 6420 mage height and \n-0000f170: 7769 6474 6820 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 7265 width will be re\n-0000f180: 7374 7269 6374 6564 2062 7920 616e 2061 stricted by an a\n-0000f190: 7274 6966 6963 6961 6c20 6c69 6d69 7420 rtificial limit \n-0000f1a0: 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 3136 3338 342e 0a0a of. 16384...\n-0000f1b0: e280 9847 5255 425f 5448 454d 45e2 8099 ...GRUB_THEME...\n-0000f1c0: 0a20 2020 2020 5365 7420 6120 7468 656d . Set a them\n-0000f1d0: 6520 666f 7220 7573 6520 7769 7468 2074 e for use with t\n-0000f1e0: 6865 20e2 8098 6766 7874 6572 6de2 8099 he ...gfxterm...\n-0000f1f0: 2067 7261 7068 6963 616c 2074 6572 6d69 graphical termi\n-0000f200: 6e61 6c2e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f 4746 nal......GRUB_GF\n-0000f210: 5850 4159 4c4f 4144 5f4c 494e 5558 e280 XPAYLOAD_LINUX..\n-0000f220: 990a 2020 2020 2053 6574 2074 6f20 e280 .. Set to ..\n-0000f230: 9874 6578 74e2 8099 2074 6f20 666f 7263 .text... to forc\n-0000f240: 6520 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 726e e the Linux kern\n-0000f250: 656c 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 2069 6e20 6e6f el to boot in no\n-0000f260: 726d 616c 2074 6578 740a 2020 2020 206d rmal text. m\n-0000f270: 6f64 652c 20e2 8098 6b65 6570 e280 9920 ode, ...keep... \n-0000f280: 746f 2070 7265 7365 7276 6520 7468 6520 to preserve the \n-0000f290: 6772 6170 6869 6373 206d 6f64 6520 7365 graphics mode se\n-0000f2a0: 7420 7573 696e 670a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 t using. ...\n-0000f2b0: 4752 5542 5f47 4658 4d4f 4445 e280 992c GRUB_GFXMODE...,\n-0000f2c0: 20e2 8098 5749 4454 4878 4845 4947 4854 ...WIDTHxHEIGHT\n-0000f2d0: e280 995b e280 9878 4445 5054 48e2 8099 ...[...xDEPTH...\n-0000f2e0: 5d20 746f 2073 6574 2061 2070 6172 7469 ] to set a parti\n-0000f2f0: 6375 6c61 720a 2020 2020 2067 7261 7068 cular. graph\n-0000f300: 6963 7320 6d6f 6465 2c20 6f72 2061 2073 ics mode, or a s\n-0000f310: 6571 7565 6e63 6520 6f66 2074 6865 7365 equence of these\n-0000f320: 2073 6570 6172 6174 6564 2062 7920 636f separated by co\n-0000f330: 6d6d 6173 206f 720a 2020 2020 2073 656d mmas or. sem\n-0000f340: 6963 6f6c 6f6e 7320 746f 2074 7279 2073 icolons to try s\n-0000f350: 6576 6572 616c 206d 6f64 6573 2069 6e20 everal modes in \n-0000f360: 7365 7175 656e 6365 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 sequence. *Note\n-0000f370: 2067 6678 7061 796c 6f61 643a 3a2e 0a0a gfxpayload::...\n-0000f380: 2020 2020 2044 6570 656e 6469 6e67 206f Depending o\n-0000f390: 6e20 796f 7572 206b 6572 6e65 6c2c 2079 n your kernel, y\n-0000f3a0: 6f75 7220 6469 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e our distribution\n-0000f3b0: 2c20 796f 7572 2067 7261 7068 6963 7320 , your graphics \n-0000f3c0: 6361 7264 2c0a 2020 2020 2061 6e64 2074 card,. and t\n-0000f3d0: 6865 2070 6861 7365 206f 6620 7468 6520 he phase of the \n-0000f3e0: 6d6f 6f6e 2c20 6e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 moon, note that \n-0000f3f0: 7573 696e 6720 7468 6973 206f 7074 696f using this optio\n-0000f400: 6e20 6d61 7920 6361 7573 650a 2020 2020 n may cause. \n-0000f410: 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e 7578 2074 6f20 7375 GNU/Linux to su\n-0000f420: 6666 6572 2066 726f 6d20 7661 7269 6f75 ffer from variou\n-0000f430: 7320 6469 7370 6c61 7920 7072 6f62 6c65 s display proble\n-0000f440: 6d73 2c20 7061 7274 6963 756c 6172 6c79 ms, particularly\n-0000f450: 0a20 2020 2020 6475 7269 6e67 2074 6865 . during the\n-0000f460: 2065 6172 6c79 2070 6172 7420 6f66 2074 early part of t\n-0000f470: 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 7365 7175 656e 6365 he boot sequence\n-0000f480: 2e20 2049 6620 796f 7520 6861 7665 2070 . If you have p\n-0000f490: 726f 626c 656d 732c 0a20 2020 2020 7365 roblems,. se\n-0000f4a0: 7420 7468 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 746f t this option to\n-0000f4b0: 20e2 8098 7465 7874 e280 9920 616e 6420 ...text... and \n-0000f4c0: 4752 5542 2077 696c 6c20 7465 6c6c 204c GRUB will tell L\n-0000f4d0: 696e 7578 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 2069 6e0a inux to boot in.\n-0000f4e0: 2020 2020 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 7465 7874 normal text\n-0000f4f0: 206d 6f64 652e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f mode......GRUB_\n-0000f500: 4449 5341 424c 455f 4f53 5f50 524f 4245 DISABLE_OS_PROBE\n-0000f510: 52e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 e280 R.... The ..\n-0000f520: 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 e280 .grub-mkconfig..\n-0000f530: 9920 6861 7320 6120 6665 6174 7572 6520 . has a feature \n-0000f540: 746f 2075 7365 2074 6865 2065 7874 6572 to use the exter\n-0000f550: 6e61 6c20 e280 986f 732d 7072 6f62 6572 nal ...os-prober\n-0000f560: e280 990a 2020 2020 2070 726f 6772 616d .... program\n-0000f570: 2074 6f20 6469 7363 6f76 6572 206f 7468 to discover oth\n-0000f580: 6572 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 er operating sys\n-0000f590: 7465 6d73 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 206f tems installed o\n-0000f5a0: 6e20 7468 6520 7361 6d65 0a20 2020 2020 n the same. \n-0000f5b0: 6d61 6368 696e 6520 616e 6420 6765 6e65 machine and gene\n-0000f5c0: 7261 7465 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 rate appropriate\n-0000f5d0: 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 7320 666f menu entries fo\n-0000f5e0: 7220 7468 656d 2e20 2049 7420 6973 0a20 r them. It is. \n-0000f5f0: 2020 2020 6469 7361 626c 6564 2062 7920 disabled by \n-0000f600: 6465 6661 756c 7420 7369 6e63 6520 6175 default since au\n-0000f610: 746f 6d61 7469 6320 616e 6420 7369 6c65 tomatic and sile\n-0000f620: 6e74 2065 7865 6375 7469 6f6e 206f 660a nt execution of.\n-0000f630: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6f73 2d70 726f 6265 ...os-probe\n-0000f640: 72e2 8099 2c20 616e 6420 6372 6561 7469 r..., and creati\n-0000f650: 6e67 2062 6f6f 7420 656e 7472 6965 7320 ng boot entries \n-0000f660: 6261 7365 6420 6f6e 2074 6861 7420 6461 based on that da\n-0000f670: 7461 2c20 6973 2061 0a20 2020 2020 706f ta, is a. po\n-0000f680: 7465 6e74 6961 6c20 6174 7461 636b 2076 tential attack v\n-0000f690: 6563 746f 722e 2020 5365 7420 7468 6973 ector. Set this\n-0000f6a0: 206f 7074 696f 6e20 746f 20e2 8098 6661 option to ...fa\n-0000f6b0: 6c73 65e2 8099 2074 6f20 656e 6162 6c65 lse... to enable\n-0000f6c0: 2074 6869 730a 2020 2020 2066 6561 7475 this. featu\n-0000f6d0: 7265 2069 6e20 7468 6520 e280 9867 7275 re in the ...gru\n-0000f6e0: 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 e280 9920 636f b-mkconfig... co\n-0000f6f0: 6d6d 616e 642e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f mmand......GRUB_\n-0000f700: 4f53 5f50 524f 4245 525f 534b 4950 5f4c OS_PROBER_SKIP_L\n-0000f710: 4953 54e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4c69 7374 IST.... List\n-0000f720: 206f 6620 7370 6163 652d 7365 7061 7261 of space-separa\n-0000f730: 7465 6420 4653 2055 5549 4473 206f 6620 ted FS UUIDs of \n-0000f740: 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 7320 746f 2062 filesystems to b\n-0000f750: 6520 6967 6e6f 7265 6420 6672 6f6d 0a20 e ignored from. \n-0000f760: 2020 2020 6f73 2d70 726f 6265 7220 6f75 os-prober ou\n-0000f770: 7470 7574 2e20 2046 6f72 2065 6669 2063 tput. For efi c\n-0000f780: 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 7320 6974 2773 hainloaders it's\n-0000f790: 203c 5555 4944 3e40 3c45 4649 2046 494c @.....GRUB_DISA\n-0000f7b0: 424c 455f 5355 424d 454e 55e2 8099 0a20 BLE_SUBMENU.... \n-0000f7c0: 2020 2020 4e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2c20 e280 Normally, ..\n-0000f7d0: 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 e280 .grub-mkconfig..\n-0000f7e0: 9920 7769 6c6c 2067 656e 6572 6174 6520 . will generate \n-0000f7f0: 746f 7020 6c65 7665 6c20 6d65 6e75 2065 top level menu e\n-0000f800: 6e74 7279 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 7468 ntry for. th\n-0000f810: 6520 6b65 726e 656c 2077 6974 6820 6869 e kernel with hi\n-0000f820: 6768 6573 7420 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 ghest version nu\n-0000f830: 6d62 6572 2061 6e64 2070 7574 2061 6c6c mber and put all\n-0000f840: 206f 7468 6572 2066 6f75 6e64 0a20 2020 other found. \n-0000f850: 2020 6b65 726e 656c 7320 6f72 2061 6c74 kernels or alt\n-0000f860: 6572 6e61 7469 7665 206d 656e 7520 656e ernative menu en\n-0000f870: 7472 6965 7320 666f 7220 7265 636f 7665 tries for recove\n-0000f880: 7279 206d 6f64 6520 696e 2073 7562 6d65 ry mode in subme\n-0000f890: 6e75 2e0a 2020 2020 2046 6f72 2065 6e74 nu.. For ent\n-0000f8a0: 7269 6573 2072 6574 7572 6e65 6420 6279 ries returned by\n-0000f8b0: 20e2 8098 6f73 2d70 726f 6265 72e2 8099 ...os-prober...\n-0000f8c0: 2066 6972 7374 2065 6e74 7279 2077 696c first entry wil\n-0000f8d0: 6c20 6265 2070 7574 206f 6e20 746f 700a l be put on top.\n-0000f8e0: 2020 2020 206c 6576 656c 2061 6e64 2061 level and a\n-0000f8f0: 6c6c 206f 7468 6572 7320 696e 2073 7562 ll others in sub\n-0000f900: 6d65 6e75 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6973 206f menu. If this o\n-0000f910: 7074 696f 6e20 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f20 ption is set to \n-0000f920: e280 9874 7275 65e2 8099 2c0a 2020 2020 ...true...,. \n-0000f930: 2066 6c61 7420 6d65 6e75 2077 6974 6820 flat menu with \n-0000f940: 616c 6c20 656e 7472 6965 7320 6f6e 2074 all entries on t\n-0000f950: 6f70 206c 6576 656c 2077 696c 6c20 6265 op level will be\n-0000f960: 2067 656e 6572 6174 6564 2069 6e73 7465 generated inste\n-0000f970: 6164 2e0a 2020 2020 2043 6861 6e67 696e ad.. Changin\n-0000f980: 6720 7468 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 7769 g this option wi\n-0000f990: 6c6c 2072 6571 7569 7265 2063 6861 6e67 ll require chang\n-0000f9a0: 696e 6720 6578 6973 7469 6e67 2076 616c ing existing val\n-0000f9b0: 7565 7320 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9847 ues of. ...G\n-0000f9c0: 5255 425f 4445 4641 554c 54e2 8099 2c20 RUB_DEFAULT..., \n-0000f9d0: e280 9866 616c 6c62 6163 6be2 8099 2028 ...fallback... (\n-0000f9e0: 2a6e 6f74 6520 6661 6c6c 6261 636b 3a3a *note fallback::\n-0000f9f0: 2920 616e 6420 e280 9864 6566 6175 6c74 ) and ...default\n-0000fa00: e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 ... (*note. \n-0000fa10: 6465 6661 756c 743a 3a29 2065 6e76 6972 default::) envir\n-0000fa20: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 onment variables\n-0000fa30: 2061 7320 7765 6c6c 2061 7320 7361 7665 as well as save\n-0000fa40: 6420 6465 6661 756c 7420 656e 7472 790a d default entry.\n-0000fa50: 2020 2020 2075 7369 6e67 20e2 8098 6772 using ...gr\n-0000fa60: 7562 2d73 6574 2d64 6566 6175 6c74 e280 ub-set-default..\n-0000fa70: 9920 616e 6420 7661 6c75 6520 7573 6564 . and value used\n-0000fa80: 2077 6974 6820 e280 9867 7275 622d 7265 with ...grub-re\n-0000fa90: 626f 6f74 e280 992e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 boot.........GRU\n-0000faa0: 425f 454e 4142 4c45 5f43 5259 5054 4f44 B_ENABLE_CRYPTOD\n-0000fab0: 4953 4be2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2073 ISK.... 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Note tha\n-0000fb70: 7420 696e 2074 6869 7320 6361 7365 2075 t in this case u\n-0000fb80: 6e61 7474 656e 6465 6420 626f 6f74 2069 nattended boot i\n-0000fb90: 7320 6e6f 740a 2020 2020 2070 6f73 7369 s not. possi\n-0000fba0: 626c 6520 6265 6361 7573 6520 4752 5542 ble because GRUB\n-0000fbb0: 2077 696c 6c20 7761 6974 2066 6f72 2070 will wait for p\n-0000fbc0: 6173 7370 6872 6173 6520 746f 2075 6e6c assphrase to unl\n-0000fbd0: 6f63 6b20 656e 6372 7970 7465 640a 2020 ock encrypted. \n-0000fbe0: 2020 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 6572 2e0a 0ae2 container....\n-0000fbf0: 8098 4752 5542 5f49 4e49 545f 5455 4e45 ..GRUB_INIT_TUNE\n-0000fc00: e280 990a 2020 2020 2050 6c61 7920 6120 .... Play a \n-0000fc10: 7475 6e65 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7370 6561 tune on the spea\n-0000fc20: 6b65 7220 7768 656e 2047 5255 4220 7374 ker when GRUB st\n-0000fc30: 6172 7473 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 2070 arts. This is p\n-0000fc40: 6172 7469 6375 6c61 726c 790a 2020 2020 articularly. \n-0000fc50: 2075 7365 6675 6c20 666f 7220 7573 6572 useful for user\n-0000fc60: 7320 756e 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 7365 6520 s unable to see \n-0000fc70: 7468 6520 7363 7265 656e 2e20 2054 6865 the screen. The\n-0000fc80: 2076 616c 7565 206f 6620 7468 6973 0a20 value of this. \n-0000fc90: 2020 2020 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 7061 option is pa\n-0000fca0: 7373 6564 2064 6972 6563 746c 7920 746f ssed directly to\n-0000fcb0: 202a 6e6f 7465 2070 6c61 793a 3a2e 0a0a *note play::...\n-0000fcc0: e280 9847 5255 425f 4241 4452 414d e280 ...GRUB_BADRAM..\n-0000fcd0: 990a 2020 2020 2049 6620 7468 6973 206f .. 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Each modul\n-0000fdc0: 6520 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6c6f 6164 6564 e will be loaded\n-0000fdd0: 2061 7320 6561 726c 7920 6173 2070 6f73 as early as pos\n-0000fde0: 7369 626c 652c 2061 7420 7468 650a 2020 sible, at the. \n-0000fdf0: 2020 2073 7461 7274 206f 6620 e280 9867 start of ...g\n-0000fe00: 7275 622e 6366 67e2 8099 2e0a 0ae2 8098 rub.cfg.........\n-0000fe10: 4752 5542 5f52 4543 4f52 4446 4149 4c5f GRUB_RECORDFAIL_\n-0000fe20: 5449 4d45 4f55 54e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 TIMEOUT.... \n-0000fe30: 4966 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 If this option i\n-0000fe40: 7320 7365 742c 2069 7420 6f76 6572 7269 s set, it overri\n-0000fe50: 6465 7320 7468 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 des the default \n-0000fe60: 7265 636f 7264 6661 696c 2073 6574 7469 recordfail setti\n-0000fe70: 6e67 2e0a 2020 2020 2041 2073 6574 7469 ng.. A setti\n-0000fe80: 6e67 206f 6620 2d31 2063 6175 7365 7320 ng of -1 causes \n-0000fe90: 4752 5542 2074 6f20 7761 6974 2066 6f72 GRUB to wait for\n-0000fea0: 2075 7365 7220 696e 7075 7420 696e 6465 user input inde\n-0000feb0: 6669 6e69 7465 6c79 2e0a 2020 2020 2048 finitely.. H\n-0000fec0: 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 6120 6661 6c73 6520 owever, a false \n-0000fed0: 706f 7369 7469 7665 2069 6e20 7468 6520 positive in the \n-0000fee0: 7265 636f 7264 6661 696c 206d 6563 6861 recordfail mecha\n-0000fef0: 6e69 736d 206d 6179 206f 6363 7572 2069 nism may occur i\n-0000ff00: 660a 2020 2020 2070 6f77 6572 2069 7320 f. power is \n-0000ff10: 6c6f 7374 2064 7572 696e 6720 626f 6f74 lost during boot\n-0000ff20: 2062 6566 6f72 6520 626f 6f74 2073 7563 before boot suc\n-0000ff30: 6365 7373 2069 7320 7265 636f 7264 6564 cess is recorded\n-0000ff40: 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2075 7365 7273 7061 in. userspa\n-0000ff50: 6365 2e20 2054 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 ce. The default\n-0000ff60: 2073 6574 7469 6e67 2069 7320 3330 2c20 setting is 30, \n-0000ff70: 7768 6963 6820 6361 7573 6573 2047 5255 which causes GRU\n-0000ff80: 4220 746f 2077 6169 740a 2020 2020 2066 B to wait. f\n-0000ff90: 6f72 2075 7365 7220 696e 7075 7420 666f or user input fo\n-0000ffa0: 7220 7468 6972 7479 2073 6563 6f6e 6473 r thirty seconds\n-0000ffb0: 2062 6566 6f72 6520 636f 6e74 696e 7569 before continui\n-0000ffc0: 6e67 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6465 6661 756c ng. 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The defaul\n-00010220: 7420 6973 2022 7265 636f 7665 7279 0a20 t is \"recovery. \n-00010230: 2020 2020 6d6f 6465 222e 0a0a 2020 2054 mode\"... T\n-00010240: 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 206f 7074 he following opt\n-00010250: 696f 6e73 2061 7265 2073 7469 6c6c 2061 ions are still a\n-00010260: 6363 6570 7465 6420 666f 7220 636f 6d70 ccepted for comp\n-00010270: 6174 6962 696c 6974 7920 7769 7468 0a65 atibility with.e\n-00010280: 7869 7374 696e 6720 636f 6e66 6967 7572 xisting configur\n-00010290: 6174 696f 6e73 2c20 6275 7420 6861 7665 ations, but have\n-000102a0: 2062 6574 7465 7220 7265 706c 6163 656d better replacem\n-000102b0: 656e 7473 3a0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f48 ents:.....GRUB_H\n-000102c0: 4944 4445 4e5f 5449 4d45 4f55 54e2 8099 IDDEN_TIMEOUT...\n-000102d0: 0a20 2020 2020 5761 6974 2074 6869 7320 . Wait this \n-000102e0: 6d61 6e79 2073 6563 6f6e 6473 2062 6566 many seconds bef\n-000102f0: 6f72 6520 6469 7370 6c61 7969 6e67 2074 ore displaying t\n-00010300: 6865 206d 656e 752e 2020 4966 203c 4553 he menu. If or. \n-00010320: 6172 6520 7072 6573 7365 642c 206f 7220 are pressed, or \n-00010330: 3c53 4849 4654 3e20 6973 2068 656c 6420 is held \n-00010340: 646f 776e 2064 7572 696e 6720 7468 6174 down during that\n-00010350: 2074 696d 652c 2064 6973 706c 6179 0a20 time, display. \n-00010360: 2020 2020 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2061 6e64 the menu and\n-00010370: 2077 6169 7420 666f 7220 696e 7075 7420 wait for input \n-00010380: 6163 636f 7264 696e 6720 746f 20e2 8098 according to ...\n-00010390: 4752 5542 5f54 494d 454f 5554 e280 992e GRUB_TIMEOUT....\n-000103a0: 2020 4966 2061 0a20 2020 2020 686f 746b If a. hotk\n-000103b0: 6579 2061 7373 6f63 6961 7465 6420 7769 ey associated wi\n-000103c0: 7468 2061 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 th a menu entry \n-000103d0: 6973 2070 7265 7373 6564 2c20 626f 6f74 is pressed, boot\n-000103e0: 2074 6865 2061 7373 6f63 6961 7465 640a the associated.\n-000103f0: 2020 2020 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 menu entry \n-00010400: 696d 6d65 6469 6174 656c 792e 2020 4966 immediately. 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While adding \n+0000c1e0: 6578 7472 610a 6375 7374 6f6d 206d 656e extra.custom men\n+0000c1f0: 7520 656e 7472 6965 7320 746f 2074 6865 u entries to the\n+0000c200: 2065 6e64 206f 6620 7468 6520 6c69 7374 end of the list\n+0000c210: 2063 616e 2062 6520 646f 6e65 2062 7920 can be done by \n+0000c220: 6564 6974 696e 670a e280 982f 6574 632f editing..../etc/\n+0000c230: 6772 7562 2e64 2f34 305f 6375 7374 6f6d grub.d/40_custom\n+0000c240: e280 9920 6f72 2063 7265 6174 696e 6720 ... or creating \n+0000c250: e280 982f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 622f 6375 .../boot/grub/cu\n+0000c260: 7374 6f6d 2e63 6667 e280 992c 2063 6861 stom.cfg..., cha\n+0000c270: 6e67 696e 670a 7468 6520 6f72 6465 7220 nging.the order \n+0000c280: 6f66 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 7320 of menu entries \n+0000c290: 6f72 2063 6861 6e67 696e 6720 7468 6569 or changing thei\n+0000c2a0: 7220 7469 746c 6573 206d 6179 2072 6571 r titles may req\n+0000c2b0: 7569 7265 206d 616b 696e 670a 636f 6d70 uire making.comp\n+0000c2c0: 6c65 7820 6368 616e 6765 7320 746f 2073 lex changes to s\n+0000c2d0: 6865 6c6c 2073 6372 6970 7473 2073 746f hell scripts sto\n+0000c2e0: 7265 6420 696e 20e2 8098 2f65 7463 2f67 red in .../etc/g\n+0000c2f0: 7275 622e 642f e280 992e 2020 5468 6973 rub.d/.... This\n+0000c300: 206d 6179 2062 650a 696d 7072 6f76 6564 may be.improved\n+0000c310: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6675 7475 7265 2e20 in the future. \n+0000c320: 2049 6e20 7468 6520 6d65 616e 7469 6d65 In the meantime\n+0000c330: 2c20 7468 6f73 6520 7768 6f20 6665 656c , those who feel\n+0000c340: 2074 6861 7420 6974 2077 6f75 6c64 0a62 that it would.b\n+0000c350: 6520 6561 7369 6572 2074 6f20 7772 6974 e easier to writ\n+0000c360: 6520 e280 9867 7275 622e 6366 67e2 8099 e ...grub.cfg...\n+0000c370: 2064 6972 6563 746c 7920 6172 6520 656e directly are en\n+0000c380: 636f 7572 6167 6564 2074 6f20 646f 2073 couraged to do s\n+0000c390: 6f20 282a 6e6f 7465 0a42 6f6f 7469 6e67 o (*note.Booting\n+0000c3a0: 3a3a 2c20 616e 6420 2a6e 6f74 6520 5368 ::, and *note Sh\n+0000c3b0: 656c 6c2d 6c69 6b65 2073 6372 6970 7469 ell-like scripti\n+0000c3c0: 6e67 3a3a 292c 2061 6e64 2074 6f20 6469 ng::), and to di\n+0000c3d0: 7361 626c 6520 616e 7920 7379 7374 656d sable any system\n+0000c3e0: 0a70 726f 7669 6465 6420 6279 2074 6865 .provided by the\n+0000c3f0: 6972 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 696f 6e20 ir distribution \n+0000c400: 746f 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 6c79 to automatically\n+0000c410: 2072 756e 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 run ...grub-mkc\n+0000c420: 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 onfig...... Th\n+0000c430: 6520 6669 6c65 20e2 8098 2f65 7463 2f64 e file .../etc/d\n+0000c440: 6566 6175 6c74 2f67 7275 62e2 8099 2063 efault/grub... c\n+0000c450: 6f6e 7472 6f6c 7320 7468 6520 6f70 6572 ontrols the oper\n+0000c460: 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 0ae2 8098 6772 7562 ation of....grub\n+0000c470: 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2e20 2049 -mkconfig.... I\n+0000c480: 7420 6973 2073 6f75 7263 6564 2062 7920 t is sourced by \n+0000c490: 6120 7368 656c 6c20 7363 7269 7074 2c20 a shell script, \n+0000c4a0: 616e 6420 736f 206d 7573 7420 6265 2076 and so must be v\n+0000c4b0: 616c 6964 0a50 4f53 4958 2073 6865 6c6c alid.POSIX shell\n+0000c4c0: 2069 6e70 7574 3b20 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 input; normally\n+0000c4d0: 2c20 6974 2077 696c 6c20 6a75 7374 2062 , it will just b\n+0000c4e0: 6520 6120 7365 7175 656e 6365 206f 6620 e a sequence of \n+0000c4f0: e280 984b 4559 3d76 616c 7565 e280 990a ...KEY=value....\n+0000c500: 6c69 6e65 732c 2062 7574 2069 6620 7468 lines, but if th\n+0000c510: 6520 7661 6c75 6520 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 e value contains\n+0000c520: 2073 7061 6365 7320 6f72 206f 7468 6572 spaces or other\n+0000c530: 2073 7065 6369 616c 2063 6861 7261 6374 special charact\n+0000c540: 6572 7320 7468 656e 0a69 7420 6d75 7374 ers then.it must\n+0000c550: 2062 6520 7175 6f74 6564 2e20 2046 6f72 be quoted. For\n+0000c560: 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 example:.. \n+0000c570: 4752 5542 5f54 4552 4d49 4e41 4c5f 494e GRUB_TERMINAL_IN\n+0000c580: 5055 543d 2263 6f6e 736f 6c65 2073 6572 PUT=\"console ser\n+0000c590: 6961 6c22 0a0a 2020 2056 616c 6964 206b ial\".. Valid k\n+0000c5a0: 6579 7320 696e 20e2 8098 2f65 7463 2f64 eys in .../etc/d\n+0000c5b0: 6566 6175 6c74 2f67 7275 62e2 8099 2061 efault/grub... a\n+0000c5c0: 7265 2061 7320 666f 6c6c 6f77 733a 0a0a re as follows:..\n+0000c5d0: e280 9847 5255 425f 4445 4641 554c 54e2 ...GRUB_DEFAULT.\n+0000c5e0: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 6465 6661 ... The defa\n+0000c5f0: 756c 7420 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 2e20 ult menu entry. \n+0000c600: 2054 6869 7320 6d61 7920 6265 2061 206e This may be a n\n+0000c610: 756d 6265 722c 2069 6e20 7768 6963 6820 umber, in which \n+0000c620: 6361 7365 2069 740a 2020 2020 2069 6465 case it. ide\n+0000c630: 6e74 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 4e74 6820 ntifies the Nth \n+0000c640: 656e 7472 7920 696e 2074 6865 2067 656e entry in the gen\n+0000c650: 6572 6174 6564 206d 656e 7520 636f 756e erated menu coun\n+0000c660: 7465 6420 6672 6f6d 207a 6572 6f2c 0a20 ted from zero,. \n+0000c670: 2020 2020 6f72 2074 6865 2074 6974 6c65 or the title\n+0000c680: 206f 6620 6120 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 of a menu entry\n+0000c690: 2c20 6f72 2074 6865 2073 7065 6369 616c , or the special\n+0000c6a0: 2073 7472 696e 6720 e280 9873 6176 6564 string ...saved\n+0000c6b0: e280 992e 2020 5573 696e 670a 2020 2020 .... Using. \n+0000c6c0: 2074 6865 2069 6420 6d61 7920 6265 2075 the id may be u\n+0000c6d0: 7365 6675 6c20 6966 2079 6f75 2077 616e seful if you wan\n+0000c6e0: 7420 746f 2073 6574 2061 206d 656e 7520 t to set a menu \n+0000c6f0: 656e 7472 7920 6173 2074 6865 2064 6566 entry as the def\n+0000c700: 6175 6c74 0a20 2020 2020 6576 656e 2074 ault. even t\n+0000c710: 686f 7567 6820 7468 6572 6520 6d61 7920 hough there may \n+0000c720: 6265 2061 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6e75 be a variable nu\n+0000c730: 6d62 6572 206f 6620 656e 7472 6965 7320 mber of entries \n+0000c740: 6265 666f 7265 2069 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 before it... \n+0000c750: 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 6966 For example, if\n+0000c760: 2079 6f75 2068 6176 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 you have:.. \n+0000c770: 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2027 4578 616d menuentry 'Exam\n+0000c780: 706c 6520 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 7820 6469 ple GNU/Linux di\n+0000c790: 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 2720 2d2d 636c stribution' --cl\n+0000c7a0: 6173 7320 676e 752d 6c69 6e75 7820 2d2d ass gnu-linux --\n+0000c7b0: 6964 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2d67 6e75 2d6c id example-gnu-l\n+0000c7c0: 696e 7578 207b 0a20 2020 2020 092e 2e2e inux {. ....\n+0000c7d0: 0a20 2020 2020 7d0a 0a20 2020 2020 7468 . }.. th\n+0000c7e0: 656e 2079 6f75 2063 616e 206d 616b 6520 en you can make \n+0000c7f0: 7468 6973 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 this the default\n+0000c800: 2075 7369 6e67 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 using:.. \n+0000c810: 2020 2047 5255 425f 4445 4641 554c 543d GRUB_DEFAULT=\n+0000c820: 6578 616d 706c 652d 676e 752d 6c69 6e75 example-gnu-linu\n+0000c830: 780a 0a20 2020 2020 5072 6576 696f 7573 x.. 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T\n+0000c980: 6869 730a 2020 2020 2072 656c 6965 7320 his. relies \n+0000c990: 6f6e 2074 6865 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 on the environme\n+0000c9a0: 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 2c20 7768 6963 6820 nt block, which \n+0000c9b0: 6d61 7920 6e6f 7420 6265 2061 7661 696c may not be avail\n+0000c9c0: 6162 6c65 2069 6e20 616c 6c0a 2020 2020 able in all. \n+0000c9d0: 2073 6974 7561 7469 6f6e 7320 282a 6e6f situations (*no\n+0000c9e0: 7465 2045 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 te Environment b\n+0000c9f0: 6c6f 636b 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 lock::)... T\n+0000ca00: 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 e280 he default is ..\n+0000ca10: 9830 e280 992e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f .0.........GRUB_\n+0000ca20: 5341 5645 4445 4641 554c 54e2 8099 0a20 SAVEDEFAULT.... \n+0000ca30: 2020 2020 4966 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 If this opti\n+0000ca40: 6f6e 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 on is set to ...\n+0000ca50: 7472 7565 e280 992c 2074 6865 6e2c 2077 true..., then, w\n+0000ca60: 6865 6e20 616e 2065 6e74 7279 2069 7320 hen an entry is \n+0000ca70: 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2c0a 2020 2020 2073 selected,. s\n+0000ca80: 6176 6520 6974 2061 7320 6120 6e65 7720 ave it as a new \n+0000ca90: 6465 6661 756c 7420 656e 7472 7920 666f default entry fo\n+0000caa0: 7220 7573 6520 6279 2066 7574 7572 6520 r use by future \n+0000cab0: 7275 6e73 206f 6620 4752 5542 2e20 5468 runs of GRUB. 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If th\n+0000cdd0: 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6973 2075 6e73 is option is uns\n+0000cde0: 6574 206f 7220 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 et or set to ...\n+0000cdf0: 6d65 6e75 e280 992c 2074 6865 6e20 4752 menu..., then GR\n+0000ce00: 5542 2077 696c 6c20 6469 7370 6c61 790a UB will display.\n+0000ce10: 2020 2020 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 616e the menu an\n+0000ce20: 6420 7468 656e 2077 6169 7420 666f 7220 d then wait for \n+0000ce30: 7468 6520 7469 6d65 6f75 7420 7365 7420 the timeout set \n+0000ce40: 6279 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 494d 454f by ...GRUB_TIMEO\n+0000ce50: 5554 e280 9920 746f 0a20 2020 2020 6578 UT... to. ex\n+0000ce60: 7069 7265 2062 6566 6f72 6520 626f 6f74 pire before boot\n+0000ce70: 696e 6720 7468 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 ing the default \n+0000ce80: 656e 7472 792e 2020 5072 6573 7369 6e67 entry. Pressing\n+0000ce90: 2061 206b 6579 2069 6e74 6572 7275 7074 a key interrupt\n+0000cea0: 730a 2020 2020 2074 6865 2074 696d 656f s. the timeo\n+0000ceb0: 7574 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2074 6869 ut... If thi\n+0000cec0: 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 7365 7420 s option is set \n+0000ced0: 746f 20e2 8098 636f 756e 7464 6f77 6ee2 to ...countdown.\n+0000cee0: 8099 206f 7220 e280 9868 6964 6465 6ee2 .. or ...hidden.\n+0000cef0: 8099 2c20 7468 656e 2c20 6265 666f 7265 .., then, before\n+0000cf00: 0a20 2020 2020 6469 7370 6c61 7969 6e67 . displaying\n+0000cf10: 2074 6865 206d 656e 752c 2047 5255 4220 the menu, GRUB \n+0000cf20: 7769 6c6c 2077 6169 7420 666f 7220 7468 will wait for th\n+0000cf30: 6520 7469 6d65 6f75 7420 7365 7420 6279 e timeout set by\n+0000cf40: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9847 5255 425f 5449 . ...GRUB_TI\n+0000cf50: 4d45 4f55 54e2 8099 2074 6f20 6578 7069 MEOUT... to expi\n+0000cf60: 7265 2e20 2049 6620 3c45 5343 3e20 6f72 re. If or\n+0000cf70: 203c 4634 3e20 6172 6520 7072 6573 7365 are presse\n+0000cf80: 642c 206f 7220 3c53 4849 4654 3e0a 2020 d, or . \n+0000cf90: 2020 2069 7320 6865 6c64 2064 6f77 6e20 is held down \n+0000cfa0: 6475 7269 6e67 2074 6861 7420 7469 6d65 during that time\n+0000cfb0: 2c20 6974 2077 696c 6c20 6469 7370 6c61 , it will displa\n+0000cfc0: 7920 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2061 6e64 2077 y the menu and w\n+0000cfd0: 6169 740a 2020 2020 2066 6f72 2069 6e70 ait. for inp\n+0000cfe0: 7574 2e20 2049 6620 6120 686f 746b 6579 ut. If a hotkey\n+0000cff0: 2061 7373 6f63 6961 7465 6420 7769 7468 associated with\n+0000d000: 2061 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 6973 a menu entry is\n+0000d010: 2070 7265 7373 6564 2c20 6974 0a20 2020 pressed, it. \n+0000d020: 2020 7769 6c6c 2062 6f6f 7420 7468 6520 will boot the \n+0000d030: 6173 736f 6369 6174 6564 206d 656e 7520 associated menu \n+0000d040: 656e 7472 7920 696d 6d65 6469 6174 656c entry immediatel\n+0000d050: 792e 2020 4966 2074 6865 2074 696d 656f y. If the timeo\n+0000d060: 7574 0a20 2020 2020 6578 7069 7265 7320 ut. expires \n+0000d070: 6265 666f 7265 2065 6974 6865 7220 6f66 before either of\n+0000d080: 2074 6865 7365 2068 6170 7065 6e73 2c20 these happens, \n+0000d090: 6974 2077 696c 6c20 626f 6f74 2074 6865 it will boot the\n+0000d0a0: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 0a20 2020 2020 656e default. en\n+0000d0b0: 7472 792e 2020 496e 2074 6865 20e2 8098 try. In the ...\n+0000d0c0: 636f 756e 7464 6f77 6ee2 8099 2063 6173 countdown... cas\n+0000d0d0: 652c 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 2073 686f 7720 e, it will show \n+0000d0e0: 6120 6f6e 652d 6c69 6e65 2069 6e64 6963 a one-line indic\n+0000d0f0: 6174 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 206f 6620 7468 ation. of th\n+0000d100: 6520 7265 6d61 696e 696e 6720 7469 6d65 e remaining time\n+0000d110: 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f44 4546 4155 ......GRUB_DEFAU\n+0000d120: 4c54 5f42 5554 544f 4ee2 8099 0ae2 8098 LT_BUTTON.......\n+0000d130: 4752 5542 5f54 494d 454f 5554 5f42 5554 GRUB_TIMEOUT_BUT\n+0000d140: 544f 4ee2 8099 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 TON.......GRUB_T\n+0000d150: 494d 454f 5554 5f53 5459 4c45 5f42 5554 IMEOUT_STYLE_BUT\n+0000d160: 544f 4ee2 8099 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f42 TON.......GRUB_B\n+0000d170: 5554 544f 4e5f 434d 4f53 5f41 4444 5245 UTTON_CMOS_ADDRE\n+0000d180: 5353 e280 990a 2020 2020 2056 6172 6961 SS.... Varia\n+0000d190: 6e74 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f72 7265 nts of the corre\n+0000d1a0: 7370 6f6e 6469 6e67 2076 6172 6961 626c sponding variabl\n+0000d1b0: 6573 2077 6974 686f 7574 2074 6865 20e2 es without the .\n+0000d1c0: 8098 5f42 5554 544f 4ee2 8099 0a20 2020 .._BUTTON.... \n+0000d1d0: 2020 7375 6666 6978 2c20 7573 6564 2074 suffix, used t\n+0000d1e0: 6f20 7375 7070 6f72 7420 7665 6e64 6f72 o support vendor\n+0000d1f0: 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 706f 7765 7220 -specific power \n+0000d200: 6275 7474 6f6e 732e 2020 2a4e 6f74 650a buttons. *Note.\n+0000d210: 2020 2020 2056 656e 646f 7220 706f 7765 Vendor powe\n+0000d220: 722d 6f6e 206b 6579 733a 3a2e 0a0a e280 r-on keys::.....\n+0000d230: 9847 5255 425f 4449 5354 5249 4255 544f .GRUB_DISTRIBUTO\n+0000d240: 52e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5365 7420 6279 R.... Set by\n+0000d250: 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 6f72 7320 6f66 distributors of\n+0000d260: 2047 5255 4220 746f 2074 6865 6972 2069 GRUB to their i\n+0000d270: 6465 6e74 6966 7969 6e67 206e 616d 652e dentifying name.\n+0000d280: 2020 5468 6973 2069 730a 2020 2020 2075 This is. u\n+0000d290: 7365 6420 746f 2067 656e 6572 6174 6520 sed to generate \n+0000d2a0: 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 7665 more informative\n+0000d2b0: 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 7469 746c menu entry titl\n+0000d2c0: 6573 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 4552 es......GRUB_TER\n+0000d2d0: 4d49 4e41 4c5f 494e 5055 54e2 8099 0a20 MINAL_INPUT.... \n+0000d2e0: 2020 2020 5365 6c65 6374 2074 6865 2074 Select the t\n+0000d2f0: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 696e 7075 7420 6465 erminal input de\n+0000d300: 7669 6365 2e20 2059 6f75 206d 6179 2073 vice. You may s\n+0000d310: 656c 6563 7420 6d75 6c74 6970 6c65 2064 elect multiple d\n+0000d320: 6576 6963 6573 0a20 2020 2020 6865 7265 evices. here\n+0000d330: 2c20 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 2073 , separated by s\n+0000d340: 7061 6365 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2056 616c paces... Val\n+0000d350: 6964 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 696e 7075 id terminal inpu\n+0000d360: 7420 6e61 6d65 7320 6465 7065 6e64 206f t names depend o\n+0000d370: 6e20 7468 6520 706c 6174 666f 726d 2c20 n the platform, \n+0000d380: 6275 7420 6d61 7920 696e 636c 7564 650a but may include.\n+0000d390: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 636f 6e73 6f6c 65e2 ...console.\n+0000d3a0: 8099 2028 6e61 7469 7665 2070 6c61 7466 .. (native platf\n+0000d3b0: 6f72 6d20 636f 6e73 6f6c 6529 2c20 e280 orm console), ..\n+0000d3c0: 9873 6572 6961 6ce2 8099 2028 7365 7269 .serial... (seri\n+0000d3d0: 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c29 2c0a 2020 al terminal),. \n+0000d3e0: 2020 20e2 8098 7365 7269 616c 5f3c 706f ...serial_... (serial t\n+0000d400: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 7769 7468 2065 7870 erminal with exp\n+0000d410: 6c69 6369 7420 706f 7274 2073 656c 6563 licit port selec\n+0000d420: 7469 6f6e 292c 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9861 tion),. ...a\n+0000d430: 745f 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 e280 9920 2850 t_keyboard... (P\n+0000d440: 4320 4154 206b 6579 626f 6172 6429 2c20 C AT keyboard), \n+0000d450: 6f72 20e2 8098 7573 625f 6b65 7962 6f61 or ...usb_keyboa\n+0000d460: 7264 e280 9920 2855 5342 206b 6579 626f rd... (USB keybo\n+0000d470: 6172 640a 2020 2020 2075 7369 6e67 2074 ard. using t\n+0000d480: 6865 2048 4944 2042 6f6f 7420 5072 6f74 he HID Boot Prot\n+0000d490: 6f63 6f6c 2c20 666f 7220 6361 7365 7320 ocol, for cases \n+0000d4a0: 7768 6572 6520 7468 6520 6669 726d 7761 where the firmwa\n+0000d4b0: 7265 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 740a 2020 2020 re does not. \n+0000d4c0: 2068 616e 646c 6520 7468 6973 292e 0a0a handle this)...\n+0000d4d0: 2020 2020 2054 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 The default\n+0000d4e0: 2069 7320 746f 2075 7365 2074 6865 2070 is to use the p\n+0000d4f0: 6c61 7466 6f72 6d27 7320 6e61 7469 7665 latform's native\n+0000d500: 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 696e 7075 742e terminal input.\n+0000d510: 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f 5445 524d 494e .....GRUB_TERMIN\n+0000d520: 414c 5f4f 5554 5055 54e2 8099 0a20 2020 AL_OUTPUT.... \n+0000d530: 2020 5365 6c65 6374 2074 6865 2074 6572 Select the ter\n+0000d540: 6d69 6e61 6c20 6f75 7470 7574 2064 6576 minal output dev\n+0000d550: 6963 652e 2020 596f 7520 6d61 7920 7365 ice. You may se\n+0000d560: 6c65 6374 206d 756c 7469 706c 6520 6465 lect multiple de\n+0000d570: 7669 6365 730a 2020 2020 2068 6572 652c vices. here,\n+0000d580: 2073 6570 6172 6174 6564 2062 7920 7370 separated by sp\n+0000d590: 6163 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5661 6c69 aces... Vali\n+0000d5a0: 6420 7465 726d 696e 616c 206f 7574 7075 d terminal outpu\n+0000d5b0: 7420 6e61 6d65 7320 6465 7065 6e64 206f t names depend o\n+0000d5c0: 6e20 7468 6520 706c 6174 666f 726d 2c20 n the platform, \n+0000d5d0: 6275 7420 6d61 7920 696e 636c 7564 650a but may include.\n+0000d5e0: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 636f 6e73 6f6c 65e2 ...console.\n+0000d5f0: 8099 2028 6e61 7469 7665 2070 6c61 7466 .. (native platf\n+0000d600: 6f72 6d20 636f 6e73 6f6c 6529 2c20 e280 orm console), ..\n+0000d610: 9873 6572 6961 6ce2 8099 2028 7365 7269 .serial... (seri\n+0000d620: 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c29 2c0a 2020 al terminal),. \n+0000d630: 2020 20e2 8098 7365 7269 616c 5f3c 706f ...serial_... (serial t\n+0000d650: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 7769 7468 2065 7870 erminal with exp\n+0000d660: 6c69 6369 7420 706f 7274 2073 656c 6563 licit port selec\n+0000d670: 7469 6f6e 292c 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9867 tion),. ...g\n+0000d680: 6678 7465 726d e280 9920 2867 7261 7068 fxterm... (graph\n+0000d690: 6963 732d 6d6f 6465 206f 7574 7075 7429 ics-mode output)\n+0000d6a0: 2c20 e280 9876 6761 5f74 6578 74e2 8099 , ...vga_text...\n+0000d6b0: 2028 5647 4120 7465 7874 206f 7574 7075 (VGA text outpu\n+0000d6c0: 7429 2c0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6d64 615f t),. ...mda_\n+0000d6d0: 7465 7874 e280 9920 284d 4441 2074 6578 text... (MDA tex\n+0000d6e0: 7420 6f75 7470 7574 292c 20e2 8098 6d6f t output), ...mo\n+0000d6f0: 7273 65e2 8099 2028 4d6f 7273 652d 636f rse... 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On receiving\n+0000d830: 2073 7973 7465 6d0a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d system. com\n+0000d840: 7069 6c65 20e2 8098 7370 6b6d 6f64 656d pile ...spkmodem\n+0000d850: 2d72 6563 76e2 8099 2066 726f 6d20 e280 -recv... from ..\n+0000d860: 9875 7469 6c2f 7370 6b6d 6f64 656d 2d72 .util/spkmodem-r\n+0000d870: 6563 762e 63e2 8099 2061 6e64 2072 756e ecv.c... and run\n+0000d880: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 6172 :.. par\n+0000d890: 6563 6f72 6420 2d2d 6368 616e 6e65 6c73 ecord --channels\n+0000d8a0: 3d31 202d 2d72 6174 653d 3438 3030 3020 =1 --rate=48000 \n+0000d8b0: 2d2d 666f 726d 6174 3d73 3136 6c65 207c --format=s16le |\n+0000d8c0: 202e 2f73 706b 6d6f 6465 6d2d 7265 6376 ./spkmodem-recv\n+0000d8d0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2064 6566 6175 .. The defau\n+0000d8e0: 6c74 2069 7320 746f 2075 7365 2074 6865 lt is to use the\n+0000d8f0: 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d27 7320 6e61 7469 platform's nati\n+0000d900: 7665 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 6f75 7470 ve terminal outp\n+0000d910: 7574 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 4552 ut......GRUB_TER\n+0000d920: 4d49 4e41 4ce2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4966 MINAL.... If\n+0000d930: 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 this option is \n+0000d940: 7365 742c 2069 7420 6f76 6572 7269 6465 set, it override\n+0000d950: 7320 626f 7468 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 s both ...GRUB_T\n+0000d960: 4552 4d49 4e41 4c5f 494e 5055 54e2 8099 ERMINAL_INPUT...\n+0000d970: 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9847 5255 and. ...GRU\n+0000d980: 425f 5445 524d 494e 414c 5f4f 5554 5055 B_TERMINAL_OUTPU\n+0000d990: 54e2 8099 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7361 6d65 T... to the same\n+0000d9a0: 2076 616c 7565 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 value......GRUB\n+0000d9b0: 5f53 4552 4941 4c5f 434f 4d4d 414e 44e2 _SERIAL_COMMAND.\n+0000d9c0: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4120 636f 6d6d 616e ... A comman\n+0000d9d0: 6420 746f 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 2074 d to configure t\n+0000d9e0: 6865 2073 6572 6961 6c20 706f 7274 2077 he serial port w\n+0000d9f0: 6865 6e20 7573 696e 6720 7468 6520 7365 hen using the se\n+0000da00: 7269 616c 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e73 6f6c rial. consol\n+0000da10: 652e 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 7365 7269 616c e. *Note serial\n+0000da20: 3a3a 2e20 2044 6566 6175 6c74 7320 746f ::. Defaults to\n+0000da30: 20e2 8098 7365 7269 616c e280 992e 0a0a ...serial......\n+0000da40: e280 9847 5255 425f 434d 444c 494e 455f ...GRUB_CMDLINE_\n+0000da50: 4c49 4e55 58e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 436f LINUX.... Co\n+0000da60: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2061 7267 756d mmand-line argum\n+0000da70: 656e 7473 2074 6f20 6164 6420 746f 206d ents to add to m\n+0000da80: 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 7320 666f 7220 enu entries for \n+0000da90: 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 726e 656c the Linux kernel\n+0000daa0: 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f43 4d44 4c49 ......GRUB_CMDLI\n+0000dab0: 4e45 5f4c 494e 5558 5f44 4546 4155 4c54 NE_LINUX_DEFAULT\n+0000dac0: e280 990a 2020 2020 2055 6e6c 6573 7320 .... Unless \n+0000dad0: e280 9847 5255 425f 4449 5341 424c 455f ...GRUB_DISABLE_\n+0000dae0: 5245 434f 5645 5259 e280 9920 6973 2073 RECOVERY... is s\n+0000daf0: 6574 2074 6f20 e280 9874 7275 65e2 8099 et to ...true...\n+0000db00: 2c20 7477 6f20 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 , two menu entri\n+0000db10: 6573 0a20 2020 2020 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 es. will be \n+0000db20: 6765 6e65 7261 7465 6420 666f 7220 6561 generated for ea\n+0000db30: 6368 204c 696e 7578 206b 6572 6e65 6c3a ch Linux kernel:\n+0000db40: 206f 6e65 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2065 6e74 one default ent\n+0000db50: 7279 2061 6e64 206f 6e65 0a20 2020 2020 ry and one. \n+0000db60: 656e 7472 7920 666f 7220 7265 636f 7665 entry for recove\n+0000db70: 7279 206d 6f64 652e 2020 5468 6973 206f ry mode. This o\n+0000db80: 7074 696f 6e20 6c69 7374 7320 636f 6d6d ption lists comm\n+0000db90: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2061 7267 756d 656e and-line argumen\n+0000dba0: 7473 0a20 2020 2020 746f 2061 6464 206f ts. to add o\n+0000dbb0: 6e6c 7920 746f 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 nly to the defau\n+0000dbc0: 6c74 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 792c 2061 lt menu entry, a\n+0000dbd0: 6674 6572 2074 686f 7365 206c 6973 7465 fter those liste\n+0000dbe0: 6420 696e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9847 5255 d in. ...GRU\n+0000dbf0: 425f 434d 444c 494e 455f 4c49 4e55 58e2 B_CMDLINE_LINUX.\n+0000dc00: 8099 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f43 4d44 ........GRUB_CMD\n+0000dc10: 4c49 4e45 5f4c 494e 5558 5f52 4543 4f56 LINE_LINUX_RECOV\n+0000dc20: 4552 59e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 556e 6c65 ERY.... Unle\n+0000dc30: 7373 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f44 4953 4142 ss ...GRUB_DISAB\n+0000dc40: 4c45 5f52 4543 4f56 4552 59e2 8099 2069 LE_RECOVERY... i\n+0000dc50: 7320 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 7472 7565 s set to ...true\n+0000dc60: e280 992c 2074 776f 206d 656e 7520 656e ..., two menu en\n+0000dc70: 7472 6965 730a 2020 2020 2077 696c 6c20 tries. will \n+0000dc80: 6265 2067 656e 6572 6174 6564 2066 6f72 be generated for\n+0000dc90: 2065 6163 6820 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 726e each Linux kern\n+0000dca0: 656c 3a20 6f6e 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 el: one default \n+0000dcb0: 656e 7472 7920 616e 6420 6f6e 650a 2020 entry and one. \n+0000dcc0: 2020 2065 6e74 7279 2066 6f72 2072 6563 entry for rec\n+0000dcd0: 6f76 6572 7920 6d6f 6465 2e20 2054 6869 overy mode. 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As.\n+0000e150: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 4f50 ...GRUB_TOP\n+0000e160: 5f4c 4556 454c e280 992c 2069 6620 7072 _LEVEL..., if pr\n+0000e170: 6f76 6964 6564 2c20 7468 6520 696d 6167 ovided, the imag\n+0000e180: 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 7769 6c6c e specified will\n+0000e190: 2062 6520 6d61 6465 2074 6865 0a20 2020 be made the. \n+0000e1a0: 2020 746f 702d 6c65 7665 6c20 656e 7472 top-level entr\n+0000e1b0: 7920 6966 2069 7420 6973 2066 6f75 6e64 y if it is found\n+0000e1c0: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7363 616e 2e0a 0ae2 in the scan....\n+0000e1d0: 8098 4752 5542 5f45 4152 4c59 5f49 4e49 ..GRUB_EARLY_INI\n+0000e1e0: 5452 445f 4c49 4e55 585f 4355 5354 4f4d TRD_LINUX_CUSTOM\n+0000e1f0: e280 990a e280 9847 5255 425f 4541 524c .......GRUB_EARL\n+0000e200: 595f 494e 4954 5244 5f4c 494e 5558 5f53 Y_INITRD_LINUX_S\n+0000e210: 544f 434b e280 990a 2020 2020 204c 6973 TOCK.... 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Norma\n+0000e580: 6c6c 792c 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 lly, ...grub-mkc\n+0000e590: 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 6765 onfig... will ge\n+0000e5a0: 6e65 7261 7465 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 nerate menu entr\n+0000e5b0: 6965 7320 7468 6174 2075 7365 0a20 2020 ies that use. \n+0000e5c0: 2020 756e 6976 6572 7361 6c6c 792d 756e universally-un\n+0000e5d0: 6971 7565 2069 6465 6e74 6966 6965 7273 ique identifiers\n+0000e5e0: 2028 5555 4944 7329 2074 6f20 6964 656e (UUIDs) to iden\n+0000e5f0: 7469 6679 2074 6865 2072 6f6f 740a 2020 tify the root. \n+0000e600: 2020 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 746f filesystem to\n+0000e610: 2074 6865 204c 696e 7578 206b 6572 6e65 the Linux kerne\n+0000e620: 6c2c 2075 7369 6e67 2061 20e2 8098 726f l, using a ...ro\n+0000e630: 6f74 3d55 5549 443d 2e2e 2ee2 8099 206b ot=UUID=...... k\n+0000e640: 6572 6e65 6c0a 2020 2020 2070 6172 616d ernel. param\n+0000e650: 6574 6572 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 2075 eter. This is u\n+0000e660: 7375 616c 6c79 206d 6f72 6520 7265 6c69 sually more reli\n+0000e670: 6162 6c65 2c20 6275 7420 696e 2073 6f6d able, but in som\n+0000e680: 6520 6361 7365 7320 6974 206d 6179 0a20 e cases it may. \n+0000e690: 2020 2020 6e6f 7420 6265 2061 7070 726f not be appro\n+0000e6a0: 7072 6961 7465 2e20 2054 6f20 6469 7361 priate. 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UUID, \n+0000e880: 6275 7420 6973 206d 6f72 6520 7265 6c69 but is more reli\n+0000e890: 6162 6c65 2074 6861 6e20 7573 696e 6720 able than using \n+0000e8a0: 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 7820 6465 7669 6365 the Linux device\n+0000e8b0: 206e 616d 6573 2e20 2057 6865 6e0a 2020 names. When. \n+0000e8c0: 2020 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f44 4953 4142 ...GRUB_DISAB\n+0000e8d0: 4c45 5f4c 494e 5558 5f50 4152 5455 5549 LE_LINUX_PARTUUI\n+0000e8e0: 44e2 8099 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 20e2 D... is set to .\n+0000e8f0: 8098 6661 6c73 65e2 8099 2c20 7468 6520 ..false..., the \n+0000e900: 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 726e 656c 0a20 2020 Linux kernel. \n+0000e910: 2020 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6d75 7374 2062 version must b\n+0000e920: 6520 322e 362e 3337 2028 332e 3130 2066 e 2.6.37 (3.10 f\n+0000e930: 6f72 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2075 7369 6e67 or systems using\n+0000e940: 2074 6865 204d 5344 4f53 2070 6172 7469 the MSDOS parti\n+0000e950: 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 7363 6865 6d65 tion. scheme\n+0000e960: 2920 6f72 206e 6577 6572 2e20 2054 6869 ) or newer. Thi\n+0000e970: 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2064 6566 6175 6c74 s option default\n+0000e980: 7320 746f 20e2 8098 7472 7565 e280 992e s to ...true....\n+0000e990: 2020 546f 2065 6e61 626c 6520 7468 650a To enable the.\n+0000e9a0: 2020 2020 2075 7365 206f 6620 7061 7274 use of part\n+0000e9b0: 6974 696f 6e20 5555 4944 732c 2073 6574 ition UUIDs, set\n+0000e9c0: 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2074 6f20 this option to \n+0000e9d0: e280 9866 616c 7365 e280 992e 0a0a e280 ...false........\n+0000e9e0: 9847 5255 425f 4449 5341 424c 455f 5245 .GRUB_DISABLE_RE\n+0000e9f0: 434f 5645 5259 e280 990a 2020 2020 2049 COVERY.... 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T\n+0000fc30: 6869 7320 6973 2070 6172 7469 6375 6c61 his is particula\n+0000fc40: 726c 790a 2020 2020 2075 7365 6675 6c20 rly. useful \n+0000fc50: 666f 7220 7573 6572 7320 756e 6162 6c65 for users unable\n+0000fc60: 2074 6f20 7365 6520 7468 6520 7363 7265 to see the scre\n+0000fc70: 656e 2e20 2054 6865 2076 616c 7565 206f en. The value o\n+0000fc80: 6620 7468 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6f70 7469 f this. opti\n+0000fc90: 6f6e 2069 7320 7061 7373 6564 2064 6972 on is passed dir\n+0000fca0: 6563 746c 7920 746f 202a 6e6f 7465 2070 ectly to *note p\n+0000fcb0: 6c61 793a 3a2e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f lay::......GRUB_\n+0000fcc0: 4241 4452 414d e280 990a 2020 2020 2049 BADRAM.... 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If you\n+000104c0: 2073 6574 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f48 4944 set ...GRUB_HID\n+000104d0: 4445 4e5f 5449 4d45 4f55 54e2 8099 2c20 DEN_TIMEOUT..., \n+000104e0: 796f 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 2061 6c73 6f20 you should also \n+000104f0: 7365 740a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 4752 5542 set. ...GRUB\n+00010500: 5f54 494d 454f 5554 3d30 e280 9920 736f _TIMEOUT=0... so\n+00010510: 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2069 that the menu i\n+00010520: 7320 6e6f 7420 6469 7370 6c61 7965 6420 s not displayed \n+00010530: 6174 2061 6c6c 2075 6e6c 6573 730a 2020 at all unless. \n+00010540: 2020 203c 4553 433e 206f 7220 3c46 343e or \n+00010550: 2061 7265 2070 7265 7373 6564 2c20 6f72 are pressed, or\n+00010560: 203c 5348 4946 543e 2069 7320 6865 6c64 is held\n+00010570: 2064 6f77 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6869 down... 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If the.reser\n-000125f0: 7665 6420 776f 7264 20e2 8098 21e2 8099 ved word ...!...\n-00012600: 2070 7265 6365 6465 7320 7468 6520 636f precedes the co\n-00012610: 6d6d 616e 642c 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6520 mmand, then the \n-00012620: 7265 7475 726e 2076 616c 7565 2069 7320 return value is \n-00012630: 696e 7374 6561 640a 7468 6520 6c6f 6769 instead.the logi\n-00012640: 6361 6c20 6e65 6761 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 cal negation of \n-00012650: 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6427 7320 6578 the command's ex\n-00012660: 6974 2073 7461 7475 732e 0a0a 436f 6d70 it status...Comp\n-00012670: 6f75 6e64 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 3d3d ound commands.==\n-00012680: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a ===============.\n-00012690: 0a41 20e2 809c 636f 6d70 6f75 6e64 2063 .A ...compound c\n-000126a0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 e280 9d20 6973 206f 6e65 ommand... is one\n-000126b0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e of the followin\n-000126c0: 673a 0a0a 666f 7220 4e41 4d45 2069 6e20 g:..for NAME in \n-000126d0: 574f 5244 202e 2e2e 3b20 646f 204c 4953 WORD ...; do LIS\n-000126e0: 543b 2064 6f6e 650a 2020 2020 2054 6865 T; done. The\n-000126f0: 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2077 6f72 6473 2066 list of words f\n-00012700: 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 20e2 8098 696e e280 ollowing ...in..\n-00012710: 9920 6973 2065 7870 616e 6465 642c 2067 . is expanded, g\n-00012720: 656e 6572 6174 696e 6720 6120 6c69 7374 enerating a list\n-00012730: 206f 660a 2020 2020 2069 7465 6d73 2e20 of. items. \n-00012740: 2054 6865 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 4e41 The variable NA\n-00012750: 4d45 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 2065 6163 ME is set to eac\n-00012760: 6820 656c 656d 656e 7420 6f66 2074 6869 h element of thi\n-00012770: 7320 6c69 7374 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2074 s list in. t\n-00012780: 7572 6e2c 2061 6e64 204c 4953 5420 6973 urn, and LIST is\n-00012790: 2065 7865 6375 7465 6420 6561 6368 2074 executed each t\n-000127a0: 696d 652e 2020 5468 6520 7265 7475 726e ime. 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If the expans\n-00012800: 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 ion of the. \n-00012810: 6974 656d 7320 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 items following \n-00012820: e280 9869 6ee2 8099 2072 6573 756c 7473 ...in... results\n-00012830: 2069 6e20 616e 2065 6d70 7479 206c 6973 in an empty lis\n-00012840: 742c 206e 6f20 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2061 t, no commands a\n-00012850: 7265 0a20 2020 2020 6578 6563 7574 6564 re. executed\n-00012860: 2c20 616e 6420 7468 6520 7265 7475 726e , and the return\n-00012870: 2073 7461 7475 7320 6973 2030 2e0a 0a69 status is 0...i\n-00012880: 6620 4c49 5354 3b20 7468 656e 204c 4953 f LIST; then LIS\n-00012890: 543b 205b 656c 6966 204c 4953 543b 2074 T; [elif LIST; t\n-000128a0: 6865 6e20 4c49 5354 3b5d 202e 2e2e 205b hen LIST;] ... [\n-000128b0: 656c 7365 204c 4953 543b 5d20 6669 0a20 else LIST;] fi. \n-000128c0: 2020 2020 5468 6520 e280 9869 66e2 8099 The ...if...\n-000128d0: 204c 4953 5420 6973 2065 7865 6375 7465 LIST is execute\n-000128e0: 642c 2077 6865 7265 204c 4953 5420 6973 d, where LIST is\n-000128f0: 2061 2073 6572 6965 7320 6f66 20e2 809c a series of ...\n-00012900: 7369 6d70 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d6d simple. comm\n-00012910: 616e 64e2 809d 7320 7365 7061 7261 7465 and...s separate\n-00012920: 6420 6279 2061 2022 3b22 2e20 2049 6620 d by a \";\". If \n-00012930: 6974 7320 6578 6974 2073 7461 7475 7320 its exit status \n-00012940: 6f66 2074 6865 206c 6173 740a 2020 2020 of the last. \n-00012950: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 7a65 726f command is zero\n-00012960: 2c20 7468 6520 e280 9874 6865 6ee2 8099 , the ...then...\n-00012970: 204c 4953 5420 6973 2065 7865 6375 7465 LIST is execute\n-00012980: 642e 2020 4f74 6865 7277 6973 652c 2065 d. Otherwise, e\n-00012990: 6163 680a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 656c 6966 ach. ...elif\n-000129a0: e280 9920 4c49 5354 2069 7320 6578 6563 ... LIST is exec\n-000129b0: 7574 6564 2069 6e20 7475 726e 2c20 616e uted in turn, an\n-000129c0: 6420 6966 2069 7473 206c 6173 7420 636f d if its last co\n-000129d0: 6d6d 616e 6427 7320 6578 6974 0a20 2020 mmand's exit. \n-000129e0: 2020 7374 6174 7573 2069 7320 7a65 726f status is zero\n-000129f0: 2c20 7468 6520 636f 7272 6573 706f 6e64 , the correspond\n-00012a00: 696e 6720 e280 9874 6865 6ee2 8099 204c ing ...then... L\n-00012a10: 4953 5420 6973 2065 7865 6375 7465 6420 IST is executed \n-00012a20: 616e 6420 7468 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d and the. com\n-00012a30: 6d61 6e64 2063 6f6d 706c 6574 6573 2e20 mand completes. \n-00012a40: 204f 7468 6572 7769 7365 2c20 7468 6520 Otherwise, the \n-00012a50: e280 9865 6c73 65e2 8099 204c 4953 5420 ...else... 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T\n-00012a80: 6865 2065 7869 7420 7374 6174 7573 2069 he exit status i\n-00012a90: 7320 7468 6520 6578 6974 2073 7461 7475 s the exit statu\n-00012aa0: 7320 6f66 2074 6865 206c 6173 7420 636f s of the last co\n-00012ab0: 6d6d 616e 640a 2020 2020 2065 7865 6375 mmand. execu\n-00012ac0: 7465 642c 206f 7220 7a65 726f 2069 6620 ted, or zero if \n-00012ad0: 6e6f 2063 6f6e 6469 7469 6f6e 2074 6573 no condition tes\n-00012ae0: 7465 6420 7472 7565 2e0a 0a77 6869 6c65 ted true...while\n-00012af0: 2043 4f4e 443b 2064 6f20 4c49 5354 3b20 COND; do LIST; \n-00012b00: 646f 6e65 0a75 6e74 696c 2043 4f4e 443b done.until COND;\n-00012b10: 2064 6f20 4c49 5354 3b20 646f 6e65 0a20 do LIST; done. \n-00012b20: 2020 2020 5468 6520 e280 9877 6869 6c65 The ...while\n-00012b30: e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 636f 6e74 ... command cont\n-00012b40: 696e 756f 7573 6c79 2065 7865 6375 7465 inuously execute\n-00012b50: 7320 7468 6520 e280 9864 6fe2 8099 204c s the ...do... L\n-00012b60: 4953 5420 6173 206c 6f6e 6720 6173 0a20 IST as long as. \n-00012b70: 2020 2020 7468 6520 6c61 7374 2063 6f6d the last com\n-00012b80: 6d61 6e64 2069 6e20 434f 4e44 2072 6574 mand in COND ret\n-00012b90: 7572 6e73 2061 6e20 6578 6974 2073 7461 urns an exit sta\n-00012ba0: 7475 7320 6f66 207a 6572 6f2c 2077 6865 tus of zero, whe\n-00012bb0: 7265 2043 4f4e 440a 2020 2020 2069 7320 re COND. is \n-00012bc0: 6120 6c69 7374 206f 6620 e280 9c73 696d a list of ...sim\n-00012bd0: 706c 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 64e2 809d 7320 ple command...s \n-00012be0: 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 2061 2022 separated by a \"\n-00012bf0: 3b22 2e20 2054 6865 20e2 8098 756e 7469 ;\". The ...unti\n-00012c00: 6ce2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d6d 616e l.... comman\n-00012c10: 6420 6973 2069 6465 6e74 6963 616c 2074 d is identical t\n-00012c20: 6f20 7468 6520 e280 9877 6869 6c65 e280 o the ...while..\n-00012c30: 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 642c 2065 7863 6570 . command, excep\n-00012c40: 7420 7468 6174 2074 6865 2074 6573 740a t that the test.\n-00012c50: 2020 2020 2069 7320 6e65 6761 7465 643b is negated;\n-00012c60: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 646f e280 9920 4c49 the ...do... LI\n-00012c70: 5354 2069 7320 6578 6563 7574 6564 2061 ST is executed a\n-00012c80: 7320 6c6f 6e67 2061 7320 7468 6520 6c61 s long as the la\n-00012c90: 7374 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 st command. \n-00012ca0: 696e 2043 4f4e 4420 7265 7475 726e 7320 in COND returns \n-00012cb0: 6120 6e6f 6e2d 7a65 726f 2065 7869 7420 a non-zero exit \n-00012cc0: 7374 6174 7573 2e20 2054 6865 2065 7869 status. The exi\n-00012cd0: 7420 7374 6174 7573 206f 6620 7468 650a t status of the.\n-00012ce0: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 7768 696c 65e2 8099 ...while...\n-00012cf0: 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 756e 7469 6ce2 8099 and ...until...\n-00012d00: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 6973 2074 6865 commands is the\n-00012d10: 2065 7869 7420 7374 6174 7573 206f 6620 exit status of \n-00012d20: 7468 6520 6c61 7374 20e2 8098 646f e280 the last ...do..\n-00012d30: 990a 2020 2020 204c 4953 5420 636f 6d6d .. LIST comm\n-00012d40: 616e 6420 6578 6563 7574 6564 2c20 6f72 and executed, or\n-00012d50: 207a 6572 6f20 6966 206e 6f6e 6520 7761 zero if none wa\n-00012d60: 7320 6578 6563 7574 6564 2e0a 0a66 756e s executed...fun\n-00012d70: 6374 696f 6e20 4e41 4d45 207b 2043 4f4d ction NAME { COM\n-00012d80: 4d41 4e44 3b20 2e2e 2e20 7d0a 2020 2020 MAND; ... }. \n-00012d90: 2054 6869 7320 6465 6669 6e65 7320 6120 This defines a \n-00012da0: 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 206e 616d 6564 204e function named N\n-00012db0: 414d 452e 2020 5468 6520 e280 9c62 6f64 AME. The ...bod\n-00012dc0: 79e2 809d 206f 6620 7468 6520 6675 6e63 y... of the func\n-00012dd0: 7469 6f6e 2069 730a 2020 2020 2074 6865 tion is. the\n-00012de0: 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 list of command\n-00012df0: 7320 7769 7468 696e 2062 7261 6365 732c s within braces,\n-00012e00: 2065 6163 6820 6f66 2077 6869 6368 206d each of which m\n-00012e10: 7573 7420 6265 0a20 2020 2020 7465 726d ust be. term\n-00012e20: 696e 6174 6564 2077 6974 6820 6120 7365 inated with a se\n-00012e30: 6d69 636f 6c6f 6e20 6f72 2061 206e 6577 micolon or a new\n-00012e40: 6c69 6e65 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6c69 7374 line. This list\n-00012e50: 206f 6620 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a20 2020 of commands. \n-00012e60: 2020 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6578 6563 7574 will be execut\n-00012e70: 6564 2077 6865 6e65 7665 7220 4e41 4d45 ed whenever NAME\n-00012e80: 2069 7320 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 6173 is specified as\n-00012e90: 2074 6865 206e 616d 6520 6f66 2061 2073 the name of a s\n-00012ea0: 696d 706c 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 6d61 imple. comma\n-00012eb0: 6e64 2e20 2046 756e 6374 696f 6e20 6465 nd. Function de\n-00012ec0: 6669 6e69 7469 6f6e 7320 646f 206e 6f74 finitions do not\n-00012ed0: 2061 6666 6563 7420 7468 6520 6578 6974 affect the exit\n-00012ee0: 2073 7461 7475 7320 696e 0a20 2020 2020 status in. \n-00012ef0: e280 9824 3fe2 8099 2e20 2057 6865 6e20 ...$?.... When \n-00012f00: 6578 6563 7574 6564 2c20 7468 6520 6578 executed, the ex\n-00012f10: 6974 2073 7461 7475 7320 6f66 2061 2066 it status of a f\n-00012f20: 756e 6374 696f 6e20 6973 2074 6865 2065 unction is the e\n-00012f30: 7869 740a 2020 2020 2073 7461 7475 7320 xit. status \n-00012f40: 6f66 2074 6865 206c 6173 7420 636f 6d6d of the last comm\n-00012f50: 616e 6420 6578 6563 7574 6564 2069 6e20 and executed in \n-00012f60: 7468 6520 626f 6479 2e0a 0a6d 656e 7565 the body...menue\n-00012f70: 6e74 7279 2054 4954 4c45 205b e280 982d ntry TITLE [...-\n-00012f80: 2d63 6c61 7373 3d63 6c61 7373 e280 9920 -class=class... \n-00012f90: 2e2e 2e5d 205b e280 982d 2d75 7365 7273 ...] [...--users\n-00012fa0: 3d75 7365 7273 e280 995d 205b e280 982d =users...] [...-\n-00012fb0: 2d75 6e72 6573 7472 6963 7465 64e2 8099 -unrestricted...\n-00012fc0: 5d20 5be2 8098 2d2d 686f 746b 6579 3d6b ] [...--hotkey=k\n-00012fd0: 6579 e280 995d 205b e280 982d 2d69 643d ey...] [...--id=\n-00012fe0: 6964 e280 995d 207b 2043 4f4d 4d41 4e44 id...] { COMMAND\n-00012ff0: 3b20 2e2e 2e20 7d0a 2020 2020 202a 4e6f ; ... }. *No\n-00013000: 7465 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 3a3a 2e0a te menuentry::..\n-00013010: 0a42 7569 6c74 2d69 6e20 436f 6d6d 616e .Built-in Comman\n-00013020: 6473 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ds.=============\n-00013030: 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 536f 6d65 2062 7569 6c74 ====..Some built\n-00013040: 2d69 6e20 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2061 7265 -in commands are\n-00013050: 2061 6c73 6f20 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 also provided b\n-00013060: 7920 4752 5542 2073 6372 6970 7420 746f y GRUB script to\n-00013070: 2068 656c 7020 7363 7269 7074 0a77 7269 help script.wri\n-00013080: 7465 7273 2070 6572 666f 726d 2061 6374 ters perform act\n-00013090: 696f 6e73 2074 6861 7420 6172 6520 6f74 ions that are ot\n-000130a0: 6865 7277 6973 6520 6e6f 7420 706f 7373 herwise not poss\n-000130b0: 6962 6c65 2e20 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 ible. For examp\n-000130c0: 6c65 2c0a 7468 6573 6520 696e 636c 7564 le,.these includ\n-000130d0: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2074 6f20 6a75 e commands to ju\n-000130e0: 6d70 206f 7574 206f 6620 6120 6c6f 6f70 mp out of a loop\n-000130f0: 2077 6974 686f 7574 2066 756c 6c79 2063 without fully c\n-00013100: 6f6d 706c 6574 696e 670a 6974 2c20 6574 ompleting.it, et\n-00013110: 632e 0a0a 6272 6561 6b20 5be2 8098 6ee2 c...break [...n.\n-00013120: 8099 5d0a 2020 2020 2045 7869 7420 6672 ..]. Exit fr\n-00013130: 6f6d 2077 6974 6869 6e20 6120 e280 9866 om within a ...f\n-00013140: 6f72 e280 992c 20e2 8098 7768 696c 65e2 or..., ...while.\n-00013150: 8099 2c20 6f72 20e2 8098 756e 7469 6ce2 .., or ...until.\n-00013160: 8099 206c 6f6f 702e 2020 4966 20e2 8098 .. loop. If ...\n-00013170: 6ee2 8099 2069 730a 2020 2020 2073 7065 n... is. spe\n-00013180: 6369 6669 6564 2c20 6272 6561 6b20 e280 cified, break ..\n-00013190: 986e e280 9920 6c65 7665 6c73 2e20 20e2 .n... levels. .\n-000131a0: 8098 6ee2 8099 206d 7573 7420 6265 2067 ..n... must be g\n-000131b0: 7265 6174 6572 2074 6861 6e20 6f72 2065 reater than or e\n-000131c0: 7175 616c 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2031 2e20 qual to. 1. \n-000131d0: 2049 6620 e280 986e e280 9920 6973 2067 If ...n... is g\n-000131e0: 7265 6174 6572 2074 6861 6e20 7468 6520 reater than the \n-000131f0: 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 656e 636c 6f73 number of enclos\n-00013200: 696e 6720 6c6f 6f70 732c 2061 6c6c 0a20 ing loops, all. \n-00013210: 2020 2020 656e 636c 6f73 696e 6720 6c6f enclosing lo\n-00013220: 6f70 7320 6172 6520 6578 6974 6564 2e20 ops are exited. \n-00013230: 2054 6865 2072 6574 7572 6e20 7661 6c75 The return valu\n-00013240: 6520 6973 2030 2075 6e6c 6573 7320 e280 e is 0 unless ..\n-00013250: 986e e280 9920 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6e6f .n... is. no\n-00013260: 7420 6772 6561 7465 7220 7468 616e 206f t greater than o\n-00013270: 7220 6571 7561 6c20 746f 2031 2e0a 0a63 r equal to 1...c\n-00013280: 6f6e 7469 6e75 6520 5be2 8098 6ee2 8099 ontinue [...n...\n-00013290: 5d0a 2020 2020 2052 6573 756d 6520 7468 ]. Resume th\n-000132a0: 6520 6e65 7874 2069 7465 7261 7469 6f6e e next iteration\n-000132b0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 656e 636c 6f73 696e of the enclosin\n-000132c0: 6720 e280 9866 6f72 e280 992c 20e2 8098 g ...for..., ...\n-000132d0: 7768 696c 65e2 8099 206f 720a 2020 2020 while... or. \n-000132e0: 20e2 8098 756e 7469 6ce2 8099 206c 6f6f ...until... loo\n-000132f0: 702e 2020 4966 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 2069 p. If ...n... i\n-00013300: 7320 7370 6563 6966 6965 642c 2072 6573 s specified, res\n-00013310: 756d 6520 6174 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6ee2 ume at the ...n.\n-00013320: 8099 7468 2065 6e63 6c6f 7369 6e67 0a20 ..th enclosing. \n-00013330: 2020 2020 6c6f 6f70 2e20 20e2 8098 6ee2 loop. ...n.\n-00013340: 8099 206d 7573 7420 6265 2067 7265 6174 .. must be great\n-00013350: 6572 2074 6861 6e20 6f72 2065 7175 616c er than or equal\n-00013360: 2074 6f20 312e 2020 4966 20e2 8098 6ee2 to 1. If ...n.\n-00013370: 8099 2069 7320 6772 6561 7465 720a 2020 .. is greater. \n-00013380: 2020 2074 6861 6e20 7468 6520 6e75 6d62 than the numb\n-00013390: 6572 206f 6620 656e 636c 6f73 696e 6720 er of enclosing \n-000133a0: 6c6f 6f70 732c 2074 6865 206c 6173 7420 loops, the last \n-000133b0: 656e 636c 6f73 696e 6720 6c6f 6f70 2028 enclosing loop (\n-000133c0: 7468 650a 2020 2020 20e2 809c 746f 702d the. ...top-\n-000133d0: 6c65 7665 6ce2 809d 206c 6f6f 7029 2069 level... loop) i\n-000133e0: 7320 7265 7375 6d65 642e 2020 5468 6520 s resumed. The \n-000133f0: 7265 7475 726e 2076 616c 7565 2069 7320 return value is \n-00013400: 3020 756e 6c65 7373 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 0 unless ...n...\n-00013410: 2069 730a 2020 2020 206e 6f74 2067 7265 is. not gre\n-00013420: 6174 6572 2074 6861 6e20 6f72 2065 7175 ater than or equ\n-00013430: 616c 2074 6f20 312e 0a0a 7265 7475 726e al to 1...return\n-00013440: 205b e280 986e e280 995d 0a20 2020 2020 [...n...]. \n-00013450: 4361 7573 6573 2061 2066 756e 6374 696f Causes a functio\n-00013460: 6e20 746f 2065 7869 7420 7769 7468 2074 n to exit with t\n-00013470: 6865 2072 6574 7572 6e20 7661 6c75 6520 he return value \n-00013480: 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 6279 20e2 8098 specified by ...\n-00013490: 6ee2 8099 2e0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 e280 n..... If ..\n-000134a0: 986e e280 9920 6973 206f 6d69 7474 6564 .n... is omitted\n-000134b0: 2c20 7468 6520 7265 7475 726e 2073 7461 , the return sta\n-000134c0: 7475 7320 6973 2074 6861 7420 6f66 2074 tus is that of t\n-000134d0: 6865 206c 6173 7420 636f 6d6d 616e 640a he last command.\n-000134e0: 2020 2020 2065 7865 6375 7465 6420 696e executed in\n-000134f0: 2074 6865 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e20 626f the function bo\n-00013500: 6479 2e20 2049 6620 7573 6564 206f 7574 dy. If used out\n-00013510: 7369 6465 2061 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e20 side a function \n-00013520: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2072 6574 7572 6e20 the. return \n-00013530: 7374 6174 7573 2069 7320 6661 6c73 652e status is false.\n-00013540: 0a0a 7365 7470 6172 616d 7320 5be2 8098 ..setparams [...\n-00013550: 6172 67e2 8099 5d20 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 arg...] .... \n-00013560: 2052 6570 6c61 6365 2070 6f73 6974 696f Replace positio\n-00013570: 6e61 6c20 7061 7261 6d65 7465 7273 2073 nal parameters s\n-00013580: 7461 7274 696e 6720 7769 7468 20e2 8098 tarting with ...\n-00013590: 2431 e280 9920 7769 7468 2061 7267 756d $1... with argum\n-000135a0: 656e 7473 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 ents to. ...\n-000135b0: 7365 7470 6172 616d 73e2 8099 2e0a 0a73 setparams......s\n-000135c0: 6869 6674 205b e280 986e e280 995d 0a20 hift [...n...]. \n-000135d0: 2020 2020 5468 6520 706f 7369 7469 6f6e The position\n-000135e0: 616c 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 7320 6672 al parameters fr\n-000135f0: 6f6d 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 2b31 202e 2e2e om ...n...+1 ...\n-00013600: 2061 7265 2072 656e 616d 6564 2074 6f20 are renamed to \n-00013610: e280 9824 31e2 8099 2e2e 2e2e 0a20 2020 ...$1........ \n-00013620: 2020 5061 7261 6d65 7465 7273 2072 6570 Parameters rep\n-00013630: 7265 7365 6e74 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 resented by the \n-00013640: 6e75 6d62 6572 7320 e280 9824 23e2 8099 numbers ...$#...\n-00013650: 2064 6f77 6e20 746f 20e2 8098 2423 e280 down to ...$#..\n-00013660: 992d e280 986e e280 992b 3120 6172 650a .-...n...+1 are.\n-00013670: 2020 2020 2075 6e73 6574 2e20 20e2 8098 unset. ...\n-00013680: 6ee2 8099 206d 7573 7420 6265 2061 206e n... must be a n\n-00013690: 6f6e 2d6e 6567 6174 6976 6520 6e75 6d62 on-negative numb\n-000136a0: 6572 206c 6573 7320 7468 616e 206f 7220 er less than or \n-000136b0: 6571 7561 6c20 746f 0a20 2020 2020 e280 equal to. ..\n-000136c0: 9824 23e2 8099 2e20 2049 6620 e280 986e .$#.... If ...n\n-000136d0: e280 9920 6973 2030 2c20 6e6f 2070 6172 ... is 0, no par\n-000136e0: 616d 6574 6572 7320 6172 6520 6368 616e ameters are chan\n-000136f0: 6765 642e 2020 4966 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 ged. If ...n...\n-00013700: 2069 7320 6e6f 740a 2020 2020 2067 6976 is not. giv\n-00013710: 656e 2c20 6974 2069 7320 6173 7375 6d65 en, it is assume\n-00013720: 6420 746f 2062 6520 312e 2020 4966 20e2 d to be 1. If .\n-00013730: 8098 6ee2 8099 2069 7320 6772 6561 7465 ..n... is greate\n-00013740: 7220 7468 616e 20e2 8098 2423 e280 992c r than ...$#...,\n-00013750: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 706f 7369 7469 the. positi\n-00013760: 6f6e 616c 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 7320 onal parameters \n-00013770: 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 6368 616e 6765 642e are not changed.\n-00013780: 2020 5468 6520 7265 7475 726e 2073 7461 The return sta\n-00013790: 7475 7320 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6772 6561 tus is. grea\n-000137a0: 7465 7220 7468 616e 207a 6572 6f20 6966 ter than zero if\n-000137b0: 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 2069 7320 6772 6561 ...n... is grea\n-000137c0: 7465 7220 7468 616e 20e2 8098 2423 e280 ter than ...$#..\n-000137d0: 9920 6f72 206c 6573 7320 7468 616e 207a . or less than z\n-000137e0: 6572 6f3b 0a20 2020 2020 6f74 6865 7277 ero;. otherw\n-000137f0: 6973 6520 302e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ise 0.....File: \n-00013800: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-00013810: 3a20 5368 656c 6c2d 6c69 6b65 2073 6372 : Shell-like scr\n-00013820: 6970 7469 6e67 2d46 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 ipting-Footnotes\n-00013830: 2c20 2055 703a 2053 6865 6c6c 2d6c 696b , Up: Shell-lik\n-00013840: 6520 7363 7269 7074 696e 670a 0a20 2020 e scripting.. \n-00013850: 2831 2920 4375 7272 656e 746c 7920 6120 (1) Currently a \n-00013860: 6261 636b 736c 6173 682d 6e65 776c 696e backslash-newlin\n-00013870: 6520 7061 6972 2077 6974 6869 6e20 6120 e pair within a \n-00013880: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 206e 616d 6520 6973 variable name is\n-00013890: 206e 6f74 0a68 616e 646c 6564 2070 726f not.handled pro\n-000138a0: 7065 726c 792c 2073 6f20 7573 6520 7468 perly, so use th\n-000138b0: 6973 2066 6561 7475 7265 2077 6974 6820 is feature with \n-000138c0: 736f 6d65 2063 6172 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 some care.....Fi\n-000138d0: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-000138e0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d75 6c74 692d 626f 6f74 Node: Multi-boot\n-000138f0: 206d 616e 7561 6c20 636f 6e66 6967 2c20 manual config, \n-00013900: 204e 6578 743a 2045 6d62 6564 6465 6420 Next: Embedded \n-00013910: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 configuration, \n-00013920: 5072 6576 3a20 5368 656c 6c2d 6c69 6b65 Prev: Shell-like\n-00013930: 2073 6372 6970 7469 6e67 2c20 2055 703a scripting, Up:\n-00013940: 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 0a0a Configuration..\n-00013950: 362e 3420 4d75 6c74 692d 626f 6f74 206d 6.4 Multi-boot m\n-00013960: 616e 7561 6c20 636f 6e66 6967 0a3d 3d3d anual config.===\n+00011750: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a e280 9867 7275 622e ======.....grub.\n+00011760: 6366 67e2 8099 2069 7320 7772 6974 7465 cfg... is writte\n+00011770: 6e20 696e 2047 5255 4227 7320 6275 696c n in GRUB's buil\n+00011780: 742d 696e 2073 6372 6970 7469 6e67 206c t-in scripting l\n+00011790: 616e 6775 6167 652c 2077 6869 6368 2068 anguage, which h\n+000117a0: 6173 2061 0a73 796e 7461 7820 7175 6974 as a.syntax quit\n+000117b0: 6520 7369 6d69 6c61 7220 746f 2074 6861 e similar to tha\n+000117c0: 7420 6f66 2047 4e55 2042 6173 6820 616e t of GNU Bash an\n+000117d0: 6420 6f74 6865 7220 426f 7572 6e65 2073 d other Bourne s\n+000117e0: 6865 6c6c 0a64 6572 6976 6174 6976 6573 hell.derivatives\n+000117f0: 2e0a 0a57 6f72 6473 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a ...Words.=====..\n+00011800: 4120 e280 9c77 6f72 64e2 809d 2069 7320 A ...word... is \n+00011810: 6120 7365 7175 656e 6365 206f 6620 6368 a sequence of ch\n+00011820: 6172 6163 7465 7273 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 aracters conside\n+00011830: 7265 6420 6173 2061 2073 696e 676c 6520 red as a single \n+00011840: 756e 6974 2062 790a 4752 5542 2e20 2057 unit by.GRUB. W\n+00011850: 6f72 6473 2061 7265 2073 6570 6172 6174 ords are separat\n+00011860: 6564 2062 7920 e280 9c6d 6574 6163 6861 ed by ...metacha\n+00011870: 7261 6374 6572 73e2 809d 2c20 7768 6963 racters..., whic\n+00011880: 6820 6172 6520 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 h are the follow\n+00011890: 696e 670a 706c 7573 2073 7061 6365 2c20 ing.plus space, \n+000118a0: 7461 622c 2061 6e64 206e 6577 6c69 6e65 tab, and newline\n+000118b0: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 7b20 7d20 7c20 2620 :.. { } | & \n+000118c0: 2420 3b20 3c20 3e0a 0a20 2020 5175 6f74 $ ; < >.. Quot\n+000118d0: 696e 6720 6d61 7920 6265 2075 7365 6420 ing may be used \n+000118e0: 746f 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 206d 6574 6163 to include metac\n+000118f0: 6861 7261 6374 6572 7320 696e 2077 6f72 haracters in wor\n+00011900: 6473 3b20 7365 6520 6265 6c6f 772e 0a0a ds; see below...\n+00011910: 5265 7365 7276 6564 2077 6f72 6473 0a3d Reserved words.=\n+00011920: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a52 =============..R\n+00011930: 6573 6572 7665 6420 776f 7264 7320 6861 eserved words ha\n+00011940: 7665 2061 2073 7065 6369 616c 206d 6561 ve a special mea\n+00011950: 6e69 6e67 2074 6f20 4752 5542 2e20 5468 ning to GRUB. Th\n+00011960: 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 776f 7264 e following word\n+00011970: 7320 6172 650a 7265 636f 676e 6973 6564 s are.recognised\n+00011980: 2061 7320 7265 7365 7276 6564 2077 6865 as reserved whe\n+00011990: 6e20 756e 7175 6f74 6564 2061 6e64 2065 n unquoted and e\n+000119a0: 6974 6865 7220 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 ither the first \n+000119b0: 776f 7264 206f 6620 610a 7369 6d70 6c65 word of a.simple\n+000119c0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 206f 7220 7468 6520 command or the \n+000119d0: 7468 6972 6420 776f 7264 206f 6620 6120 third word of a \n+000119e0: e280 9866 6f72 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e ...for... comman\n+000119f0: 643a 0a0a 2020 2020 2021 205b 5b20 5d5d d:.. ! [[ ]]\n+00011a00: 207b 207d 0a20 2020 2020 6361 7365 2064 { }. case d\n+00011a10: 6f20 646f 6e65 2065 6c69 6620 656c 7365 o done elif else\n+00011a20: 2065 7361 6320 6669 2066 6f72 2066 756e esac fi for fun\n+00011a30: 6374 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 2069 6620 696e ction. if in\n+00011a40: 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2073 656c 6563 menuentry selec\n+00011a50: 7420 7468 656e 2074 696d 6520 756e 7469 t then time unti\n+00011a60: 6c20 7768 696c 650a 0a20 2020 4e6f 7420 l while.. Not \n+00011a70: 616c 6c20 6f66 2074 6865 7365 2072 6573 all of these res\n+00011a80: 6572 7665 6420 776f 7264 7320 6861 7665 erved words have\n+00011a90: 2061 2075 7365 6675 6c20 7075 7270 6f73 a useful purpos\n+00011aa0: 6520 7965 743b 2073 6f6d 6520 6172 650a e yet; some are.\n+00011ab0: 7265 7365 7276 6564 2066 6f72 2066 7574 reserved for fut\n+00011ac0: 7572 6520 6578 7061 6e73 696f 6e2e 0a0a ure expansion...\n+00011ad0: 5175 6f74 696e 670a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a Quoting.=======.\n+00011ae0: 0a51 756f 7469 6e67 2069 7320 7573 6564 .Quoting is used\n+00011af0: 2074 6f20 7265 6d6f 7665 2074 6865 2073 to remove the s\n+00011b00: 7065 6369 616c 206d 6561 6e69 6e67 206f pecial meaning o\n+00011b10: 6620 6365 7274 6169 6e20 6368 6172 6163 f certain charac\n+00011b20: 7465 7273 206f 720a 776f 7264 732e 2020 ters or.words. \n+00011b30: 4974 2063 616e 2062 6520 7573 6564 2074 It can be used t\n+00011b40: 6f20 7472 6561 7420 6d65 7461 6368 6172 o treat metachar\n+00011b50: 6163 7465 7273 2061 7320 7061 7274 206f acters as part o\n+00011b60: 6620 6120 776f 7264 2c20 746f 0a70 7265 f a word, to.pre\n+00011b70: 7665 6e74 2072 6573 6572 7665 6420 776f vent reserved wo\n+00011b80: 7264 7320 6672 6f6d 2062 6569 6e67 2072 rds from being r\n+00011b90: 6563 6f67 6e69 7365 6420 6173 2073 7563 ecognised as suc\n+00011ba0: 682c 2061 6e64 2074 6f20 7072 6576 656e h, and to preven\n+00011bb0: 740a 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2065 7870 616e t.variable expan\n+00011bc0: 7369 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6572 6520 sion... There \n+00011bd0: 6172 6520 7468 7265 6520 7175 6f74 696e are three quotin\n+00011be0: 6720 6d65 6368 616e 6973 6d73 3a20 7468 g mechanisms: th\n+00011bf0: 6520 6573 6361 7065 2063 6861 7261 6374 e escape charact\n+00011c00: 6572 2c20 7369 6e67 6c65 0a71 756f 7465 er, single.quote\n+00011c10: 732c 2061 6e64 2064 6f75 626c 6520 7175 s, and double qu\n+00011c20: 6f74 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 4120 6e6f 6e2d otes... A non-\n+00011c30: 7175 6f74 6564 2062 6163 6b73 6c61 7368 quoted backslash\n+00011c40: 2028 5c29 2069 7320 7468 6520 e280 9c65 (\\) is the ...e\n+00011c50: 7363 6170 6520 6368 6172 6163 7465 72e2 scape character.\n+00011c60: 809d 2e20 2049 7420 7072 6573 6572 7665 ... It preserve\n+00011c70: 730a 7468 6520 6c69 7465 7261 6c20 7661 s.the literal va\n+00011c80: 6c75 6520 6f66 2074 6865 206e 6578 7420 lue of the next \n+00011c90: 6368 6172 6163 7465 7220 7468 6174 2066 character that f\n+00011ca0: 6f6c 6c6f 7773 2c20 7769 7468 2074 6865 ollows, with the\n+00011cb0: 2065 7863 6570 7469 6f6e 0a6f 6620 6e65 exception.of ne\n+00011cc0: 776c 696e 652e 0a0a 2020 2045 6e63 6c6f wline... Enclo\n+00011cd0: 7369 6e67 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 7320 sing characters \n+00011ce0: 696e 2073 696e 676c 6520 7175 6f74 6573 in single quotes\n+00011cf0: 2070 7265 7365 7276 6573 2074 6865 206c preserves the l\n+00011d00: 6974 6572 616c 2076 616c 7565 206f 660a iteral value of.\n+00011d10: 6561 6368 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 2077 each character w\n+00011d20: 6974 6869 6e20 7468 6520 7175 6f74 6573 ithin the quotes\n+00011d30: 2e20 2041 2073 696e 676c 6520 7175 6f74 . A single quot\n+00011d40: 6520 6d61 7920 6e6f 7420 6f63 6375 7220 e may not occur \n+00011d50: 6265 7477 6565 6e0a 7369 6e67 6c65 2071 between.single q\n+00011d60: 756f 7465 732c 2065 7665 6e20 7768 656e uotes, even when\n+00011d70: 2070 7265 6365 6465 6420 6279 2061 2062 preceded by a b\n+00011d80: 6163 6b73 6c61 7368 2e0a 0a20 2020 456e ackslash... En\n+00011d90: 636c 6f73 696e 6720 6368 6172 6163 7465 closing characte\n+00011da0: 7273 2069 6e20 646f 7562 6c65 2071 756f rs in double quo\n+00011db0: 7465 7320 7072 6573 6572 7665 7320 7468 tes preserves th\n+00011dc0: 6520 6c69 7465 7261 6c20 7661 6c75 6520 e literal value \n+00011dd0: 6f66 0a61 6c6c 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 of.all character\n+00011de0: 7320 7769 7468 696e 2074 6865 2071 756f s within the quo\n+00011df0: 7465 732c 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 6578 tes, with the ex\n+00011e00: 6365 7074 696f 6e20 6f66 20e2 8098 24e2 ception of ...$.\n+00011e10: 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 5ce2 8099 2e0a .. and ...\\.....\n+00011e20: 5468 6520 e280 9824 e280 9920 6368 6172 The ...$... char\n+00011e30: 6163 7465 7220 7265 7461 696e 7320 6974 acter retains it\n+00011e40: 7320 7370 6563 6961 6c20 6d65 616e 696e s special meanin\n+00011e50: 6720 7769 7468 696e 2064 6f75 626c 6520 g within double \n+00011e60: 7175 6f74 6573 2e20 2054 6865 0a62 6163 quotes. The.bac\n+00011e70: 6b73 6c61 7368 2072 6574 6169 6e73 2069 kslash retains i\n+00011e80: 7473 2073 7065 6369 616c 206d 6561 6e69 ts special meani\n+00011e90: 6e67 206f 6e6c 7920 7768 656e 2066 6f6c ng only when fol\n+00011ea0: 6c6f 7765 6420 6279 206f 6e65 206f 6620 lowed by one of \n+00011eb0: 7468 650a 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6368 the.following ch\n+00011ec0: 6172 6163 7465 7273 3a20 e280 9824 e280 aracters: ...$..\n+00011ed0: 992c 20e2 8098 22e2 8099 2c20 e280 985c ., ...\"..., ...\\\n+00011ee0: e280 992c 206f 7220 6e65 776c 696e 652e ..., or newline.\n+00011ef0: 2020 4120 6261 636b 736c 6173 682d 6e65 A backslash-ne\n+00011f00: 776c 696e 650a 7061 6972 2069 7320 7472 wline.pair is tr\n+00011f10: 6561 7465 6420 6173 2061 206c 696e 6520 eated as a line \n+00011f20: 636f 6e74 696e 7561 7469 6f6e 2028 7468 continuation (th\n+00011f30: 6174 2069 732c 2069 7420 6973 2072 656d at is, it is rem\n+00011f40: 6f76 6564 2066 726f 6d20 7468 650a 696e oved from the.in\n+00011f50: 7075 7420 7374 7265 616d 2061 6e64 2065 put stream and e\n+00011f60: 6666 6563 7469 7665 6c79 2069 676e 6f72 ffectively ignor\n+00011f70: 6564 2831 2920 282a 6e6f 7465 2053 6865 ed(1) (*note She\n+00011f80: 6c6c 2d6c 696b 650a 7363 7269 7074 696e ll-like.scriptin\n+00011f90: 672d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d31 3a3a 2929 g-Footnote-1::))\n+00011fa0: 2e20 2041 2064 6f75 626c 6520 7175 6f74 . A double quot\n+00011fb0: 6520 6d61 7920 6265 2071 756f 7465 6420 e may be quoted \n+00011fc0: 7769 7468 696e 2064 6f75 626c 650a 7175 within double.qu\n+00011fd0: 6f74 6573 2062 7920 7072 6563 6564 696e otes by precedin\n+00011fe0: 6720 6974 2077 6974 6820 6120 6261 636b g it with a back\n+00011ff0: 736c 6173 682e 0a0a 5661 7269 6162 6c65 slash...Variable\n+00012000: 2065 7870 616e 7369 6f6e 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d expansion.=====\n+00012010: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 =============..T\n+00012020: 6865 20e2 8098 24e2 8099 2063 6861 7261 he ...$... chara\n+00012030: 6374 6572 2069 6e74 726f 6475 6365 7320 cter introduces \n+00012040: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2065 7870 616e 7369 variable expansi\n+00012050: 6f6e 2e20 2054 6865 2076 6172 6961 626c on. The variabl\n+00012060: 6520 6e61 6d65 2074 6f0a 6265 2065 7870 e name to.be exp\n+00012070: 616e 6465 6420 6d61 7920 6265 2065 6e63 anded may be enc\n+00012080: 6c6f 7365 6420 696e 2062 7261 6365 732c losed in braces,\n+00012090: 2077 6869 6368 2061 7265 206f 7074 696f which are optio\n+000120a0: 6e61 6c20 6275 7420 7365 7276 6520 746f nal but serve to\n+000120b0: 0a70 726f 7465 6374 2074 6865 2076 6172 .protect the var\n+000120c0: 6961 626c 6520 746f 2062 6520 6578 7061 iable to be expa\n+000120d0: 6e64 6564 2066 726f 6d20 6368 6172 6163 nded from charac\n+000120e0: 7465 7273 2069 6d6d 6564 6961 7465 6c79 ters immediately\n+000120f0: 0a66 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2069 7420 7768 .following it wh\n+00012100: 6963 6820 636f 756c 6420 6265 2069 6e74 ich could be int\n+00012110: 6572 7072 6574 6564 2061 7320 7061 7274 erpreted as part\n+00012120: 206f 6620 7468 6520 6e61 6d65 2e0a 0a20 of the name... \n+00012130: 2020 4e6f 726d 616c 2076 6172 6961 626c Normal variabl\n+00012140: 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 6265 6769 6e20 7769 e names begin wi\n+00012150: 7468 2061 6e20 616c 7068 6162 6574 6963 th an alphabetic\n+00012160: 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 2c20 666f 6c6c character, foll\n+00012170: 6f77 6564 2062 790a 7a65 726f 206f 7220 owed by.zero or \n+00012180: 6d6f 7265 2061 6c70 6861 6e75 6d65 7269 more alphanumeri\n+00012190: 6320 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 2e20 2054 c characters. T\n+000121a0: 6865 7365 206e 616d 6573 2072 6566 6572 hese names refer\n+000121b0: 2074 6f20 656e 7472 6965 7320 696e 0a74 to entries in.t\n+000121c0: 6865 2047 5255 4220 656e 7669 726f 6e6d he GRUB environm\n+000121d0: 656e 7420 282a 6e6f 7465 2045 6e76 6972 ent (*note Envir\n+000121e0: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 2050 onment::)... P\n+000121f0: 6f73 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 7661 7269 6162 ositional variab\n+00012200: 6c65 206e 616d 6573 2063 6f6e 7369 7374 le names consist\n+00012210: 206f 6620 6f6e 6520 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 of one or more \n+00012220: 6469 6769 7473 2e20 2054 6865 790a 7265 digits. They.re\n+00012230: 7072 6573 656e 7420 7061 7261 6d65 7465 present paramete\n+00012240: 7273 2070 6173 7365 6420 746f 2066 756e rs passed to fun\n+00012250: 6374 696f 6e20 6361 6c6c 732c 2077 6974 ction calls, wit\n+00012260: 6820 e280 9824 31e2 8099 2072 6570 7265 h ...$1... repre\n+00012270: 7365 6e74 696e 670a 7468 6520 6669 7273 senting.the firs\n+00012280: 7420 7061 7261 6d65 7465 722c 2061 6e64 t parameter, and\n+00012290: 2073 6f20 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 so on... The \n+000122a0: 7370 6563 6961 6c20 7661 7269 6162 6c65 special variable\n+000122b0: 206e 616d 6520 e280 983f e280 9920 6578 name ...?... ex\n+000122c0: 7061 6e64 7320 746f 2074 6865 2065 7869 pands to the exi\n+000122d0: 7420 7374 6174 7573 206f 6620 7468 6520 t status of the \n+000122e0: 6d6f 7374 0a72 6563 656e 746c 7920 6578 most.recently ex\n+000122f0: 6563 7574 6564 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2e20 ecuted command. \n+00012300: 2057 6865 6e20 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 616c When positional\n+00012310: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 variable names \n+00012320: 6172 6520 6163 7469 7665 2c0a 6f74 6865 are active,.othe\n+00012330: 7220 7370 6563 6961 6c20 7661 7269 6162 r special variab\n+00012340: 6c65 206e 616d 6573 20e2 8098 40e2 8099 le names ...@...\n+00012350: 2c20 e280 982a e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 , ...*... and ..\n+00012360: 9823 e280 9920 6172 6520 6465 6669 6e65 .#... are define\n+00012370: 6420 616e 6420 7468 6579 0a65 7870 616e d and they.expan\n+00012380: 6420 746f 2061 6c6c 2070 6f73 6974 696f d to all positio\n+00012390: 6e61 6c20 7061 7261 6d65 7465 7273 2077 nal parameters w\n+000123a0: 6974 6820 6e65 6365 7373 6172 7920 7175 ith necessary qu\n+000123b0: 6f74 696e 672c 2070 6f73 6974 696f 6e61 oting, positiona\n+000123c0: 6c0a 7061 7261 6d65 7465 7273 2077 6974 l.parameters wit\n+000123d0: 686f 7574 2061 6e79 2071 756f 7469 6e67 hout any quoting\n+000123e0: 2c20 616e 6420 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 616c , and positional\n+000123f0: 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 2063 6f75 6e74 parameter count\n+00012400: 0a72 6573 7065 6374 6976 656c 792e 0a0a .respectively...\n+00012410: 436f 6d6d 656e 7473 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d Comments.=======\n+00012420: 3d0a 0a41 2077 6f72 6420 6265 6769 6e6e =..A word beginn\n+00012430: 696e 6720 7769 7468 20e2 8098 23e2 8099 ing with ...#...\n+00012440: 2063 6175 7365 7320 7468 6174 2077 6f72 causes that wor\n+00012450: 6420 616e 6420 616c 6c20 7265 6d61 696e d and all remain\n+00012460: 696e 6720 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 0a6f ing characters.o\n+00012470: 6e20 7468 6174 206c 696e 6520 746f 2062 n that line to b\n+00012480: 6520 6967 6e6f 7265 642e 0a0a 5369 6d70 e ignored...Simp\n+00012490: 6c65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 3d3d 3d3d le commands.====\n+000124a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a41 20e2 ===========..A .\n+000124b0: 809c 7369 6d70 6c65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ..simple command\n+000124c0: e280 9d20 6973 2061 2073 6571 7565 6e63 ... is a sequenc\n+000124d0: 6520 6f66 2077 6f72 6473 2073 6570 6172 e of words separ\n+000124e0: 6174 6564 2062 7920 7370 6163 6573 206f ated by spaces o\n+000124f0: 7220 7461 6273 0a61 6e64 2074 6572 6d69 r tabs.and termi\n+00012500: 6e61 7465 6420 6279 2061 2073 656d 6963 nated by a semic\n+00012510: 6f6c 6f6e 206f 7220 6120 6e65 776c 696e olon or a newlin\n+00012520: 652e 2020 5468 6520 6669 7273 7420 776f e. The first wo\n+00012530: 7264 2073 7065 6369 6669 6573 0a74 6865 rd specifies.the\n+00012540: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2074 6f20 6265 2065 command to be e\n+00012550: 7865 6375 7465 642e 2020 5468 6520 7265 xecuted. The re\n+00012560: 6d61 696e 696e 6720 776f 7264 7320 6172 maining words ar\n+00012570: 6520 7061 7373 6564 2061 7320 6172 6775 e passed as argu\n+00012580: 6d65 6e74 730a 746f 2074 6865 2069 6e76 ments.to the inv\n+00012590: 6f6b 6564 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2e0a 0a20 oked command... \n+000125a0: 2020 5468 6520 7265 7475 726e 2076 616c The return val\n+000125b0: 7565 206f 6620 6120 7369 6d70 6c65 2063 ue of a simple c\n+000125c0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 6974 7320 6578 ommand is its ex\n+000125d0: 6974 2073 7461 7475 732e 2020 4966 2074 it status. If t\n+000125e0: 6865 0a72 6573 6572 7665 6420 776f 7264 he.reserved word\n+000125f0: 20e2 8098 21e2 8099 2070 7265 6365 6465 ...!... precede\n+00012600: 7320 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642c 2074 s the command, t\n+00012610: 6865 6e20 7468 6520 7265 7475 726e 2076 hen the return v\n+00012620: 616c 7565 2069 7320 696e 7374 6561 640a alue is instead.\n+00012630: 7468 6520 6c6f 6769 6361 6c20 6e65 6761 the logical nega\n+00012640: 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f 6d6d tion of the comm\n+00012650: 616e 6427 7320 6578 6974 2073 7461 7475 and's exit statu\n+00012660: 732e 0a0a 436f 6d70 6f75 6e64 2063 6f6d s...Compound com\n+00012670: 6d61 6e64 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d mands.==========\n+00012680: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a41 20e2 809c 636f =======..A ...co\n+00012690: 6d70 6f75 6e64 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 e280 mpound command..\n+000126a0: 9d20 6973 206f 6e65 206f 6620 7468 6520 . is one of the \n+000126b0: 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 673a 0a0a 666f 7220 following:..for \n+000126c0: 4e41 4d45 2069 6e20 574f 5244 202e 2e2e NAME in WORD ...\n+000126d0: 3b20 646f 204c 4953 543b 2064 6f6e 650a ; do LIST; done.\n+000126e0: 2020 2020 2054 6865 206c 6973 7420 6f66 The list of\n+000126f0: 2077 6f72 6473 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 words following\n+00012700: 20e2 8098 696e e280 9920 6973 2065 7870 ...in... is exp\n+00012710: 616e 6465 642c 2067 656e 6572 6174 696e anded, generatin\n+00012720: 6720 6120 6c69 7374 206f 660a 2020 2020 g a list of. \n+00012730: 2069 7465 6d73 2e20 2054 6865 2076 6172 items. The var\n+00012740: 6961 626c 6520 4e41 4d45 2069 7320 7365 iable NAME is se\n+00012750: 7420 746f 2065 6163 6820 656c 656d 656e t to each elemen\n+00012760: 7420 6f66 2074 6869 7320 6c69 7374 2069 t of this list i\n+00012770: 6e0a 2020 2020 2074 7572 6e2c 2061 6e64 n. turn, and\n+00012780: 204c 4953 5420 6973 2065 7865 6375 7465 LIST is execute\n+00012790: 6420 6561 6368 2074 696d 652e 2020 5468 d each time. Th\n+000127a0: 6520 7265 7475 726e 2076 616c 7565 2069 e return value i\n+000127b0: 7320 7468 6520 6578 6974 0a20 2020 2020 s the exit. \n+000127c0: 7374 6174 7573 206f 6620 7468 6520 6c61 status of the la\n+000127d0: 7374 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2074 6861 7420 st command that \n+000127e0: 6578 6563 7574 6573 2e20 2049 6620 7468 executes. If th\n+000127f0: 6520 6578 7061 6e73 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 e expansion of t\n+00012800: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6974 656d 7320 666f he. items fo\n+00012810: 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 e280 9869 6ee2 8099 llowing ...in...\n+00012820: 2072 6573 756c 7473 2069 6e20 616e 2065 results in an e\n+00012830: 6d70 7479 206c 6973 742c 206e 6f20 636f mpty list, no co\n+00012840: 6d6d 616e 6473 2061 7265 0a20 2020 2020 mmands are. \n+00012850: 6578 6563 7574 6564 2c20 616e 6420 7468 executed, and th\n+00012860: 6520 7265 7475 726e 2073 7461 7475 7320 e return status \n+00012870: 6973 2030 2e0a 0a69 6620 4c49 5354 3b20 is 0...if LIST; \n+00012880: 7468 656e 204c 4953 543b 205b 656c 6966 then LIST; [elif\n+00012890: 204c 4953 543b 2074 6865 6e20 4c49 5354 LIST; then LIST\n+000128a0: 3b5d 202e 2e2e 205b 656c 7365 204c 4953 ;] ... [else LIS\n+000128b0: 543b 5d20 6669 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 T;] fi. The \n+000128c0: e280 9869 66e2 8099 204c 4953 5420 6973 ...if... LIST is\n+000128d0: 2065 7865 6375 7465 642c 2077 6865 7265 executed, where\n+000128e0: 204c 4953 5420 6973 2061 2073 6572 6965 LIST is a serie\n+000128f0: 7320 6f66 20e2 809c 7369 6d70 6c65 0a20 s of ...simple. \n+00012900: 2020 2020 636f 6d6d 616e 64e2 809d 7320 command...s \n+00012910: 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 2061 2022 separated by a \"\n+00012920: 3b22 2e20 2049 6620 6974 7320 6578 6974 ;\". If its exit\n+00012930: 2073 7461 7475 7320 6f66 2074 6865 206c status of the l\n+00012940: 6173 740a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ast. command\n+00012950: 2069 7320 7a65 726f 2c20 7468 6520 e280 is zero, the ..\n+00012960: 9874 6865 6ee2 8099 204c 4953 5420 6973 .then... LIST is\n+00012970: 2065 7865 6375 7465 642e 2020 4f74 6865 executed. Othe\n+00012980: 7277 6973 652c 2065 6163 680a 2020 2020 rwise, each. \n+00012990: 20e2 8098 656c 6966 e280 9920 4c49 5354 ...elif... LIST\n+000129a0: 2069 7320 6578 6563 7574 6564 2069 6e20 is executed in \n+000129b0: 7475 726e 2c20 616e 6420 6966 2069 7473 turn, and if its\n+000129c0: 206c 6173 7420 636f 6d6d 616e 6427 7320 last command's \n+000129d0: 6578 6974 0a20 2020 2020 7374 6174 7573 exit. status\n+000129e0: 2069 7320 7a65 726f 2c20 7468 6520 636f is zero, the co\n+000129f0: 7272 6573 706f 6e64 696e 6720 e280 9874 rresponding ...t\n+00012a00: 6865 6ee2 8099 204c 4953 5420 6973 2065 hen... LIST is e\n+00012a10: 7865 6375 7465 6420 616e 6420 7468 650a xecuted and the.\n+00012a20: 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2063 6f6d command com\n+00012a30: 706c 6574 6573 2e20 204f 7468 6572 7769 pletes. Otherwi\n+00012a40: 7365 2c20 7468 6520 e280 9865 6c73 65e2 se, the ...else.\n+00012a50: 8099 204c 4953 5420 6973 2065 7865 6375 .. LIST is execu\n+00012a60: 7465 642c 2069 660a 2020 2020 2070 7265 ted, if. pre\n+00012a70: 7365 6e74 2e20 2054 6865 2065 7869 7420 sent. The exit \n+00012a80: 7374 6174 7573 2069 7320 7468 6520 6578 status is the ex\n+00012a90: 6974 2073 7461 7475 7320 6f66 2074 6865 it status of the\n+00012aa0: 206c 6173 7420 636f 6d6d 616e 640a 2020 last command. \n+00012ab0: 2020 2065 7865 6375 7465 642c 206f 7220 executed, or \n+00012ac0: 7a65 726f 2069 6620 6e6f 2063 6f6e 6469 zero if no condi\n+00012ad0: 7469 6f6e 2074 6573 7465 6420 7472 7565 tion tested true\n+00012ae0: 2e0a 0a77 6869 6c65 2043 4f4e 443b 2064 ...while COND; d\n+00012af0: 6f20 4c49 5354 3b20 646f 6e65 0a75 6e74 o LIST; done.unt\n+00012b00: 696c 2043 4f4e 443b 2064 6f20 4c49 5354 il COND; do LIST\n+00012b10: 3b20 646f 6e65 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 ; done. The \n+00012b20: e280 9877 6869 6c65 e280 9920 636f 6d6d ...while... comm\n+00012b30: 616e 6420 636f 6e74 696e 756f 7573 6c79 and continuously\n+00012b40: 2065 7865 6375 7465 7320 7468 6520 e280 executes the ..\n+00012b50: 9864 6fe2 8099 204c 4953 5420 6173 206c .do... LIST as l\n+00012b60: 6f6e 6720 6173 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 ong as. the \n+00012b70: 6c61 7374 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 6e20 last command in \n+00012b80: 434f 4e44 2072 6574 7572 6e73 2061 6e20 COND returns an \n+00012b90: 6578 6974 2073 7461 7475 7320 6f66 207a exit status of z\n+00012ba0: 6572 6f2c 2077 6865 7265 2043 4f4e 440a ero, where COND.\n+00012bb0: 2020 2020 2069 7320 6120 6c69 7374 206f is a list o\n+00012bc0: 6620 e280 9c73 696d 706c 6520 636f 6d6d f ...simple comm\n+00012bd0: 616e 64e2 809d 7320 7365 7061 7261 7465 and...s separate\n+00012be0: 6420 6279 2061 2022 3b22 2e20 2054 6865 d by a \";\". The\n+00012bf0: 20e2 8098 756e 7469 6ce2 8099 0a20 2020 ...until.... \n+00012c00: 2020 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 2069 6465 command is ide\n+00012c10: 6e74 6963 616c 2074 6f20 7468 6520 e280 ntical to the ..\n+00012c20: 9877 6869 6c65 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e .while... comman\n+00012c30: 642c 2065 7863 6570 7420 7468 6174 2074 d, except that t\n+00012c40: 6865 2074 6573 740a 2020 2020 2069 7320 he test. is \n+00012c50: 6e65 6761 7465 643b 2074 6865 20e2 8098 negated; the ...\n+00012c60: 646f e280 9920 4c49 5354 2069 7320 6578 do... LIST is ex\n+00012c70: 6563 7574 6564 2061 7320 6c6f 6e67 2061 ecuted as long a\n+00012c80: 7320 7468 6520 6c61 7374 2063 6f6d 6d61 s the last comma\n+00012c90: 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 696e 2043 4f4e 4420 nd. in COND \n+00012ca0: 7265 7475 726e 7320 6120 6e6f 6e2d 7a65 returns a non-ze\n+00012cb0: 726f 2065 7869 7420 7374 6174 7573 2e20 ro exit status. \n+00012cc0: 2054 6865 2065 7869 7420 7374 6174 7573 The exit status\n+00012cd0: 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 of the. ...\n+00012ce0: 7768 696c 65e2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 while... and ...\n+00012cf0: 756e 7469 6ce2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 until... command\n+00012d00: 7320 6973 2074 6865 2065 7869 7420 7374 s is the exit st\n+00012d10: 6174 7573 206f 6620 7468 6520 6c61 7374 atus of the last\n+00012d20: 20e2 8098 646f e280 990a 2020 2020 204c ...do.... L\n+00012d30: 4953 5420 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6578 6563 IST command exec\n+00012d40: 7574 6564 2c20 6f72 207a 6572 6f20 6966 uted, or zero if\n+00012d50: 206e 6f6e 6520 7761 7320 6578 6563 7574 none was execut\n+00012d60: 6564 2e0a 0a66 756e 6374 696f 6e20 4e41 ed...function NA\n+00012d70: 4d45 207b 2043 4f4d 4d41 4e44 3b20 2e2e ME { COMMAND; ..\n+00012d80: 2e20 7d0a 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 6465 . }. This de\n+00012d90: 6669 6e65 7320 6120 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e fines a function\n+00012da0: 206e 616d 6564 204e 414d 452e 2020 5468 named NAME. Th\n+00012db0: 6520 e280 9c62 6f64 79e2 809d 206f 6620 e ...body... of \n+00012dc0: 7468 6520 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 2069 730a the function is.\n+00012dd0: 2020 2020 2074 6865 206c 6973 7420 6f66 the list of\n+00012de0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 7769 7468 696e commands within\n+00012df0: 2062 7261 6365 732c 2065 6163 6820 6f66 braces, each of\n+00012e00: 2077 6869 6368 206d 7573 7420 6265 0a20 which must be. \n+00012e10: 2020 2020 7465 726d 696e 6174 6564 2077 terminated w\n+00012e20: 6974 6820 6120 7365 6d69 636f 6c6f 6e20 ith a semicolon \n+00012e30: 6f72 2061 206e 6577 6c69 6e65 2e20 2054 or a newline. T\n+00012e40: 6869 7320 6c69 7374 206f 6620 636f 6d6d his list of comm\n+00012e50: 616e 6473 0a20 2020 2020 7769 6c6c 2062 ands. will b\n+00012e60: 6520 6578 6563 7574 6564 2077 6865 6e65 e executed whene\n+00012e70: 7665 7220 4e41 4d45 2069 7320 7370 6563 ver NAME is spec\n+00012e80: 6966 6965 6420 6173 2074 6865 206e 616d ified as the nam\n+00012e90: 6520 6f66 2061 2073 696d 706c 650a 2020 e of a simple. \n+00012ea0: 2020 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2e20 2046 756e command. Fun\n+00012eb0: 6374 696f 6e20 6465 6669 6e69 7469 6f6e ction definition\n+00012ec0: 7320 646f 206e 6f74 2061 6666 6563 7420 s do not affect \n+00012ed0: 7468 6520 6578 6974 2073 7461 7475 7320 the exit status \n+00012ee0: 696e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9824 3fe2 8099 in. ...$?...\n+00012ef0: 2e20 2057 6865 6e20 6578 6563 7574 6564 . When executed\n+00012f00: 2c20 7468 6520 6578 6974 2073 7461 7475 , the exit statu\n+00012f10: 7320 6f66 2061 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e20 s of a function \n+00012f20: 6973 2074 6865 2065 7869 740a 2020 2020 is the exit. \n+00012f30: 2073 7461 7475 7320 6f66 2074 6865 206c status of the l\n+00012f40: 6173 7420 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6578 6563 ast command exec\n+00012f50: 7574 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 626f 6479 uted in the body\n+00012f60: 2e0a 0a6d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2054 4954 ...menuentry TIT\n+00012f70: 4c45 205b e280 982d 2d63 6c61 7373 3d63 LE [...--class=c\n+00012f80: 6c61 7373 e280 9920 2e2e 2e5d 205b e280 lass... ...] [..\n+00012f90: 982d 2d75 7365 7273 3d75 7365 7273 e280 .--users=users..\n+00012fa0: 995d 205b e280 982d 2d75 6e72 6573 7472 .] [...--unrestr\n+00012fb0: 6963 7465 64e2 8099 5d20 5be2 8098 2d2d icted...] [...--\n+00012fc0: 686f 746b 6579 3d6b 6579 e280 995d 205b hotkey=key...] [\n+00012fd0: e280 982d 2d69 643d 6964 e280 995d 207b ...--id=id...] {\n+00012fe0: 2043 4f4d 4d41 4e44 3b20 2e2e 2e20 7d0a COMMAND; ... }.\n+00012ff0: 2020 2020 202a 4e6f 7465 206d 656e 7565 *Note menue\n+00013000: 6e74 7279 3a3a 2e0a 0a42 7569 6c74 2d69 ntry::...Built-i\n+00013010: 6e20 436f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d n Commands.=====\n+00013020: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 536f ============..So\n+00013030: 6d65 2062 7569 6c74 2d69 6e20 636f 6d6d me built-in comm\n+00013040: 616e 6473 2061 7265 2061 6c73 6f20 7072 ands are also pr\n+00013050: 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 4752 5542 2073 ovided by GRUB s\n+00013060: 6372 6970 7420 746f 2068 656c 7020 7363 cript to help sc\n+00013070: 7269 7074 0a77 7269 7465 7273 2070 6572 ript.writers per\n+00013080: 666f 726d 2061 6374 696f 6e73 2074 6861 form actions tha\n+00013090: 7420 6172 6520 6f74 6865 7277 6973 6520 t are otherwise \n+000130a0: 6e6f 7420 706f 7373 6962 6c65 2e20 2046 not possible. F\n+000130b0: 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c0a 7468 6573 or example,.thes\n+000130c0: 6520 696e 636c 7564 6520 636f 6d6d 616e e include comman\n+000130d0: 6473 2074 6f20 6a75 6d70 206f 7574 206f ds to jump out o\n+000130e0: 6620 6120 6c6f 6f70 2077 6974 686f 7574 f a loop without\n+000130f0: 2066 756c 6c79 2063 6f6d 706c 6574 696e fully completin\n+00013100: 670a 6974 2c20 6574 632e 0a0a 6272 6561 g.it, etc...brea\n+00013110: 6b20 5be2 8098 6ee2 8099 5d0a 2020 2020 k [...n...]. \n+00013120: 2045 7869 7420 6672 6f6d 2077 6974 6869 Exit from withi\n+00013130: 6e20 6120 e280 9866 6f72 e280 992c 20e2 n a ...for..., .\n+00013140: 8098 7768 696c 65e2 8099 2c20 6f72 20e2 ..while..., or .\n+00013150: 8098 756e 7469 6ce2 8099 206c 6f6f 702e ..until... loop.\n+00013160: 2020 4966 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 2069 730a If ...n... is.\n+00013170: 2020 2020 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2c20 specified, \n+00013180: 6272 6561 6b20 e280 986e e280 9920 6c65 break ...n... le\n+00013190: 7665 6c73 2e20 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 206d vels. ...n... m\n+000131a0: 7573 7420 6265 2067 7265 6174 6572 2074 ust be greater t\n+000131b0: 6861 6e20 6f72 2065 7175 616c 2074 6f0a han or equal to.\n+000131c0: 2020 2020 2031 2e20 2049 6620 e280 986e 1. If ...n\n+000131d0: e280 9920 6973 2067 7265 6174 6572 2074 ... is greater t\n+000131e0: 6861 6e20 7468 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 206f han the number o\n+000131f0: 6620 656e 636c 6f73 696e 6720 6c6f 6f70 f enclosing loop\n+00013200: 732c 2061 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 656e 636c s, all. encl\n+00013210: 6f73 696e 6720 6c6f 6f70 7320 6172 6520 osing loops are \n+00013220: 6578 6974 6564 2e20 2054 6865 2072 6574 exited. The ret\n+00013230: 7572 6e20 7661 6c75 6520 6973 2030 2075 urn value is 0 u\n+00013240: 6e6c 6573 7320 e280 986e e280 9920 6973 nless ...n... is\n+00013250: 0a20 2020 2020 6e6f 7420 6772 6561 7465 . not greate\n+00013260: 7220 7468 616e 206f 7220 6571 7561 6c20 r than or equal \n+00013270: 746f 2031 2e0a 0a63 6f6e 7469 6e75 6520 to 1...continue \n+00013280: 5be2 8098 6ee2 8099 5d0a 2020 2020 2052 [...n...]. R\n+00013290: 6573 756d 6520 7468 6520 6e65 7874 2069 esume the next i\n+000132a0: 7465 7261 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 teration of the \n+000132b0: 656e 636c 6f73 696e 6720 e280 9866 6f72 enclosing ...for\n+000132c0: e280 992c 20e2 8098 7768 696c 65e2 8099 ..., ...while...\n+000132d0: 206f 720a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 756e 7469 or. ...unti\n+000132e0: 6ce2 8099 206c 6f6f 702e 2020 4966 20e2 l... loop. If .\n+000132f0: 8098 6ee2 8099 2069 7320 7370 6563 6966 ..n... is specif\n+00013300: 6965 642c 2072 6573 756d 6520 6174 2074 ied, resume at t\n+00013310: 6865 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 7468 2065 6e63 he ...n...th enc\n+00013320: 6c6f 7369 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 6c6f 6f70 losing. loop\n+00013330: 2e20 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 206d 7573 7420 . ...n... must \n+00013340: 6265 2067 7265 6174 6572 2074 6861 6e20 be greater than \n+00013350: 6f72 2065 7175 616c 2074 6f20 312e 2020 or equal to 1. \n+00013360: 4966 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 2069 7320 6772 If ...n... is gr\n+00013370: 6561 7465 720a 2020 2020 2074 6861 6e20 eater. than \n+00013380: 7468 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 656e the number of en\n+00013390: 636c 6f73 696e 6720 6c6f 6f70 732c 2074 closing loops, t\n+000133a0: 6865 206c 6173 7420 656e 636c 6f73 696e he last enclosin\n+000133b0: 6720 6c6f 6f70 2028 7468 650a 2020 2020 g loop (the. \n+000133c0: 20e2 809c 746f 702d 6c65 7665 6ce2 809d ...top-level...\n+000133d0: 206c 6f6f 7029 2069 7320 7265 7375 6d65 loop) is resume\n+000133e0: 642e 2020 5468 6520 7265 7475 726e 2076 d. The return v\n+000133f0: 616c 7565 2069 7320 3020 756e 6c65 7373 alue is 0 unless\n+00013400: 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 2069 730a 2020 2020 ...n... is. \n+00013410: 206e 6f74 2067 7265 6174 6572 2074 6861 not greater tha\n+00013420: 6e20 6f72 2065 7175 616c 2074 6f20 312e n or equal to 1.\n+00013430: 0a0a 7265 7475 726e 205b e280 986e e280 ..return [...n..\n+00013440: 995d 0a20 2020 2020 4361 7573 6573 2061 .]. Causes a\n+00013450: 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e20 746f 2065 7869 function to exi\n+00013460: 7420 7769 7468 2074 6865 2072 6574 7572 t with the retur\n+00013470: 6e20 7661 6c75 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 n value specifie\n+00013480: 6420 6279 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 2e0a 2020 d by ...n..... \n+00013490: 2020 2049 6620 e280 986e e280 9920 6973 If ...n... is\n+000134a0: 206f 6d69 7474 6564 2c20 7468 6520 7265 omitted, the re\n+000134b0: 7475 726e 2073 7461 7475 7320 6973 2074 turn status is t\n+000134c0: 6861 7420 6f66 2074 6865 206c 6173 7420 hat of the last \n+000134d0: 636f 6d6d 616e 640a 2020 2020 2065 7865 command. exe\n+000134e0: 6375 7465 6420 696e 2074 6865 2066 756e cuted in the fun\n+000134f0: 6374 696f 6e20 626f 6479 2e20 2049 6620 ction body. If \n+00013500: 7573 6564 206f 7574 7369 6465 2061 2066 used outside a f\n+00013510: 756e 6374 696f 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 unction the. \n+00013520: 2072 6574 7572 6e20 7374 6174 7573 2069 return status i\n+00013530: 7320 6661 6c73 652e 0a0a 7365 7470 6172 s false...setpar\n+00013540: 616d 7320 5be2 8098 6172 67e2 8099 5d20 ams [...arg...] \n+00013550: 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 2052 6570 6c61 6365 .... Replace\n+00013560: 2070 6f73 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 7061 7261 positional para\n+00013570: 6d65 7465 7273 2073 7461 7274 696e 6720 meters starting \n+00013580: 7769 7468 20e2 8098 2431 e280 9920 7769 with ...$1... wi\n+00013590: 7468 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 2074 6f0a th arguments to.\n+000135a0: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 7365 7470 6172 616d ...setparam\n+000135b0: 73e2 8099 2e0a 0a73 6869 6674 205b e280 s......shift [..\n+000135c0: 986e e280 995d 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 .n...]. The \n+000135d0: 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 616c 2070 6172 616d positional param\n+000135e0: 6574 6572 7320 6672 6f6d 20e2 8098 6ee2 eters from ...n.\n+000135f0: 8099 2b31 202e 2e2e 2061 7265 2072 656e ..+1 ... are ren\n+00013600: 616d 6564 2074 6f20 e280 9824 31e2 8099 amed to ...$1...\n+00013610: 2e2e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 5061 7261 6d65 ..... Parame\n+00013620: 7465 7273 2072 6570 7265 7365 6e74 6564 ters represented\n+00013630: 2062 7920 7468 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 7320 by the numbers \n+00013640: e280 9824 23e2 8099 2064 6f77 6e20 746f ...$#... down to\n+00013650: 20e2 8098 2423 e280 992d e280 986e e280 ...$#...-...n..\n+00013660: 992b 3120 6172 650a 2020 2020 2075 6e73 .+1 are. uns\n+00013670: 6574 2e20 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 206d 7573 et. ...n... mus\n+00013680: 7420 6265 2061 206e 6f6e 2d6e 6567 6174 t be a non-negat\n+00013690: 6976 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 206c 6573 7320 ive number less \n+000136a0: 7468 616e 206f 7220 6571 7561 6c20 746f than or equal to\n+000136b0: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9824 23e2 8099 2e20 . ...$#.... \n+000136c0: 2049 6620 e280 986e e280 9920 6973 2030 If ...n... is 0\n+000136d0: 2c20 6e6f 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 7320 , no parameters \n+000136e0: 6172 6520 6368 616e 6765 642e 2020 4966 are changed. If\n+000136f0: 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 2069 7320 6e6f 740a ...n... is not.\n+00013700: 2020 2020 2067 6976 656e 2c20 6974 2069 given, it i\n+00013710: 7320 6173 7375 6d65 6420 746f 2062 6520 s assumed to be \n+00013720: 312e 2020 4966 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 2069 1. If ...n... i\n+00013730: 7320 6772 6561 7465 7220 7468 616e 20e2 s greater than .\n+00013740: 8098 2423 e280 992c 2074 6865 0a20 2020 ..$#..., the. \n+00013750: 2020 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 616c 2070 6172 positional par\n+00013760: 616d 6574 6572 7320 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 ameters are not \n+00013770: 6368 616e 6765 642e 2020 5468 6520 7265 changed. The re\n+00013780: 7475 726e 2073 7461 7475 7320 6973 0a20 turn status is. \n+00013790: 2020 2020 6772 6561 7465 7220 7468 616e greater than\n+000137a0: 207a 6572 6f20 6966 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 zero if ...n...\n+000137b0: 2069 7320 6772 6561 7465 7220 7468 616e is greater than\n+000137c0: 20e2 8098 2423 e280 9920 6f72 206c 6573 ...$#... or les\n+000137d0: 7320 7468 616e 207a 6572 6f3b 0a20 2020 s than zero;. \n+000137e0: 2020 6f74 6865 7277 6973 6520 302e 0a0a otherwise 0...\n+000137f0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+00013800: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5368 656c 6c2d o, Node: Shell-\n+00013810: 6c69 6b65 2073 6372 6970 7469 6e67 2d46 like scripting-F\n+00013820: 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2053 ootnotes, Up: S\n+00013830: 6865 6c6c 2d6c 696b 6520 7363 7269 7074 hell-like script\n+00013840: 696e 670a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 4375 7272 ing.. (1) Curr\n+00013850: 656e 746c 7920 6120 6261 636b 736c 6173 ently a backslas\n+00013860: 682d 6e65 776c 696e 6520 7061 6972 2077 h-newline pair w\n+00013870: 6974 6869 6e20 6120 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ithin a variable\n+00013880: 206e 616d 6520 6973 206e 6f74 0a68 616e name is not.han\n+00013890: 646c 6564 2070 726f 7065 726c 792c 2073 dled properly, s\n+000138a0: 6f20 7573 6520 7468 6973 2066 6561 7475 o use this featu\n+000138b0: 7265 2077 6974 6820 736f 6d65 2063 6172 re with some car\n+000138c0: 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 e.....File: grub\n+000138d0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d75 .info, Node: Mu\n+000138e0: 6c74 692d 626f 6f74 206d 616e 7561 6c20 lti-boot manual \n+000138f0: 636f 6e66 6967 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2045 config, Next: E\n+00013900: 6d62 6564 6465 6420 636f 6e66 6967 7572 mbedded configur\n+00013910: 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5368 ation, Prev: Sh\n+00013920: 656c 6c2d 6c69 6b65 2073 6372 6970 7469 ell-like scripti\n+00013930: 6e67 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 ng, Up: Configu\n+00013940: 7261 7469 6f6e 0a0a 362e 3420 4d75 6c74 ration..6.4 Mult\n+00013950: 692d 626f 6f74 206d 616e 7561 6c20 636f i-boot manual co\n+00013960: 6e66 6967 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d nfig.===========\n 00013970: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00013980: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a43 7572 7265 =========..Curre\n-00013990: 6e74 6c79 2061 7574 6f67 656e 6572 6174 ntly autogenerat\n-000139a0: 696e 6720 636f 6e66 6967 2066 696c 6573 ing config files\n-000139b0: 2066 6f72 206d 756c 7469 2d62 6f6f 7420 for multi-boot \n-000139c0: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7473 0a64 6570 environments.dep\n-000139d0: 656e 6473 206f 6e20 6f73 2d70 726f 6265 ends on os-probe\n-000139e0: 7220 616e 6420 6861 7320 7365 7665 7261 r and has severa\n-000139f0: 6c20 7368 6f72 7463 6f6d 696e 6773 2e20 l shortcomings. \n-00013a00: 2044 7565 2074 6f20 7468 6174 2069 7420 Due to that it \n-00013a10: 6973 0a64 6973 6162 6c65 6420 6279 2064 is.disabled by d\n-00013a20: 6566 6175 6c74 2e20 2049 7420 6973 2061 efault. It is a\n-00013a30: 6476 6973 6564 2074 6f20 7573 6520 7468 dvised to use th\n-00013a40: 6520 706f 7765 7220 6f66 2047 5255 4220 e power of GRUB \n-00013a50: 7379 6e74 6178 2061 6e64 0a64 6f20 6974 syntax and.do it\n-00013a60: 2079 6f75 7273 656c 662e 2020 4120 706f yourself. A po\n-00013a70: 7373 6962 6c65 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 ssible configura\n-00013a80: 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 6465 7461 696c 6564 tion is detailed\n-00013a90: 2068 6572 652c 2066 6565 6c20 6672 6565 here, feel free\n-00013aa0: 2074 6f0a 6164 6a75 7374 2074 6f20 796f to.adjust to yo\n-00013ab0: 7572 206e 6565 6473 2e0a 0a20 2020 4669 ur needs... Fi\n-00013ac0: 7273 7420 6372 6561 7465 2061 2073 6570 rst create a sep\n-00013ad0: 6172 6174 6520 4752 5542 2070 6172 7469 arate GRUB parti\n-00013ae0: 7469 6f6e 2c20 6269 6720 656e 6f75 6768 tion, big enough\n-00013af0: 2074 6f20 686f 6c64 2047 5255 422e 2053 to hold GRUB. S\n-00013b00: 6f6d 650a 6f66 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f ome.of the follo\n-00013b10: 7769 6e67 2065 6e74 7269 6573 2073 686f wing entries sho\n-00013b20: 7720 686f 7720 746f 206c 6f61 6420 4f53 w how to load OS\n-00013b30: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6572 2069 6d61 6765 installer image\n-00013b40: 7320 6672 6f6d 2074 6869 730a 7361 6d65 s from this.same\n-00013b50: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2c20 666f 7220 partition, for \n-00013b60: 7468 6174 2079 6f75 206f 6276 696f 7573 that you obvious\n-00013b70: 6c79 206e 6565 6420 746f 206d 616b 6520 ly need to make \n-00013b80: 7468 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6c61 the partition la\n-00013b90: 7267 650a 656e 6f75 6768 2074 6f20 686f rge.enough to ho\n-00013ba0: 6c64 2074 686f 7365 2069 6d61 6765 7320 ld those images \n-00013bb0: 6173 2077 656c 6c2e 2020 4d6f 756e 7420 as well. Mount \n-00013bc0: 7468 6973 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 206f this partition o\n-00013bd0: 6e2f 6d6e 742f 626f 6f74 0a61 6e64 2064 n/mnt/boot.and d\n-00013be0: 6973 6162 6c65 2047 5255 4220 696e 2061 isable GRUB in a\n-00013bf0: 6c6c 204f 5365 7320 616e 6420 6d61 6e75 ll OSes and manu\n-00013c00: 616c 6c79 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2073 656c ally install sel\n-00013c10: 662d 636f 6d70 696c 6564 206c 6174 6573 f-compiled lates\n-00013c20: 740a 4752 5542 2077 6974 683a 0a0a 2020 t.GRUB with:.. \n-00013c30: 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c ...grub-install\n-00013c40: 202d 2d62 6f6f 742d 6469 7265 6374 6f72 --boot-director\n-00013c50: 793d 2f6d 6e74 2f62 6f6f 7420 2f64 6576 y=/mnt/boot /dev\n-00013c60: 2f73 6461 e280 990a 0a20 2020 496e 2061 /sda..... In a\n-00013c70: 6c6c 2074 6865 204f 5365 7320 696e 7374 ll the OSes inst\n-00013c80: 616c 6c20 4752 5542 2074 6f6f 6c73 2062 all GRUB tools b\n-00013c90: 7574 2064 6973 6162 6c65 2069 6e73 7461 ut disable insta\n-00013ca0: 6c6c 696e 6720 4752 5542 2069 6e0a 626f lling GRUB in.bo\n-00013cb0: 6f74 7365 6374 6f72 2c20 736f 2079 6f75 otsector, so you\n-00013cc0: 276c 6c20 6861 7665 206d 656e 752e 6c73 'll have menu.ls\n-00013cd0: 7420 616e 6420 6772 7562 2e63 6667 2061 t and grub.cfg a\n-00013ce0: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2066 6f72 2075 7365 vailable for use\n-00013cf0: 2e0a 416c 736f 2064 6973 6162 6c65 206f ..Also disable o\n-00013d00: 732d 7072 6f62 6572 2075 7365 2062 7920 s-prober use by \n-00013d10: 7365 7474 696e 673a 0a0a 2020 20e2 8098 setting:.. ...\n-00013d20: 4752 5542 5f44 4953 4142 4c45 5f4f 535f GRUB_DISABLE_OS_\n-00013d30: 5052 4f42 4552 3d74 7275 65e2 8099 0a0a PROBER=true.....\n-00013d40: 2020 2069 6e20 2f65 7463 2f64 6566 6175 in /etc/defau\n-00013d50: 6c74 2f67 7275 620a 0a20 2020 5468 656e lt/grub.. Then\n-00013d60: 2077 7269 7465 2061 2067 7275 622e 6366 write a grub.cf\n-00013d70: 6720 282f 6d6e 742f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 g (/mnt/boot/gru\n-00013d80: 622f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 293a 0a0a 0a20 b/grub.cfg):... \n-00013d90: 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 656e 7472 7920 224f menuentry \"O\n-00013da0: 5320 7573 696e 6720 6772 7562 3222 207b S using grub2\" {\n-00013db0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2069 6e73 6d6f 6420 . insmod \n-00013dc0: 7866 730a 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 6172 xfs. sear\n-00013dd0: 6368 202d 2d73 6574 3d72 6f6f 7420 2d2d ch --set=root --\n-00013de0: 6c61 6265 6c20 4f53 3120 2d2d 6869 6e74 label OS1 --hint\n-00013df0: 2068 6430 2c6d 7364 6f73 380a 2020 2020 hd0,msdos8. \n-00013e00: 2020 2020 636f 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 202f configfile /\n-00013e10: 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 622f 6772 7562 2e63 boot/grub/grub.c\n-00013e20: 6667 0a20 2020 2020 7d0a 0a20 2020 2020 fg. }.. \n-00013e30: 6d65 6e75 656e 7472 7920 224f 5320 7573 menuentry \"OS us\n-00013e40: 696e 6720 6772 7562 322d 6c65 6761 6379 ing grub2-legacy\n-00013e50: 2220 7b0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 696e 736d \" {. insm\n-00013e60: 6f64 2065 7874 320a 2020 2020 2020 2020 od ext2. \n-00013e70: 7365 6172 6368 202d 2d73 6574 3d72 6f6f search --set=roo\n-00013e80: 7420 2d2d 6c61 6265 6c20 4f53 3220 2d2d t --label OS2 --\n-00013e90: 6869 6e74 2068 6430 2c6d 7364 6f73 360a hint hd0,msdos6.\n-00013ea0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6c65 6761 6379 5f63 legacy_c\n-00013eb0: 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 6520 2f62 6f6f 742f onfigfile /boot/\n-00013ec0: 6772 7562 2f6d 656e 752e 6c73 740a 2020 grub/menu.lst. \n-00013ed0: 2020 207d 0a0a 2020 2020 206d 656e 7565 }.. menue\n-00013ee0: 6e74 7279 2022 5769 6e64 6f77 7320 5850 ntry \"Windows XP\n-00013ef0: 2220 7b0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 696e 736d \" {. insm\n-00013f00: 6f64 206e 7466 730a 2020 2020 2020 2020 od ntfs. \n-00013f10: 7365 6172 6368 202d 2d73 6574 3d72 6f6f search --set=roo\n-00013f20: 7420 2d2d 6c61 6265 6c20 5749 4e44 4f57 t --label WINDOW\n-00013f30: 535f 5850 202d 2d68 696e 7420 6864 302c S_XP --hint hd0,\n-00013f40: 6d73 646f 7331 0a20 2020 2020 2020 206e msdos1. n\n-00013f50: 746c 6472 202f 6e74 6c64 720a 2020 2020 tldr /ntldr. \n-00013f60: 207d 0a0a 2020 2020 206d 656e 7565 6e74 }.. menuent\n-00013f70: 7279 2022 5769 6e64 6f77 7320 3722 207b ry \"Windows 7\" {\n-00013f80: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2069 6e73 6d6f 6420 . insmod \n-00013f90: 6e74 6673 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2073 6561 ntfs. sea\n-00013fa0: 7263 6820 2d2d 7365 743d 726f 6f74 202d rch --set=root -\n-00013fb0: 2d6c 6162 656c 2057 494e 444f 5753 5f37 -label WINDOWS_7\n-00013fc0: 202d 2d68 696e 7420 6864 302c 6d73 646f --hint hd0,msdo\n-00013fd0: 7332 0a20 2020 2020 2020 206e 746c 6472 s2. ntldr\n-00013fe0: 202f 626f 6f74 6d67 720a 2020 2020 207d /bootmgr. }\n-00013ff0: 0a0a 2020 2020 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 .. menuentry\n-00014000: 2022 4672 6565 4253 4422 207b 0a20 2020 \"FreeBSD\" {. \n-00014010: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 696e 736d insm\n-00014020: 6f64 207a 6673 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 od zfs. \n-00014030: 2020 2020 2020 7365 6172 6368 202d 2d73 search --s\n-00014040: 6574 3d72 6f6f 7420 2d2d 6c61 6265 6c20 et=root --label \n-00014050: 6672 6565 706f 6f6c 202d 2d68 696e 7420 freepool --hint \n-00014060: 6864 302c 6d73 646f 7337 0a20 2020 2020 hd0,msdos7. \n-00014070: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6b66 7265 6562 kfreeb\n-00014080: 7364 202f 6672 6565 6273 6440 2f62 6f6f sd /freebsd@/boo\n-00014090: 742f 6b65 726e 656c 2f6b 6572 6e65 6c0a t/kernel/kernel.\n-000140a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206b k\n-000140b0: 6672 6565 6273 645f 6d6f 6475 6c65 5f65 freebsd_module_e\n-000140c0: 6c66 202f 6672 6565 6273 6440 2f62 6f6f lf /freebsd@/boo\n-000140d0: 742f 6b65 726e 656c 2f6f 7065 6e73 6f6c t/kernel/opensol\n-000140e0: 6172 6973 2e6b 6f0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 aris.ko. \n-000140f0: 2020 2020 2020 206b 6672 6565 6273 645f kfreebsd_\n-00014100: 6d6f 6475 6c65 5f65 6c66 202f 6672 6565 module_elf /free\n-00014110: 6273 6440 2f62 6f6f 742f 6b65 726e 656c bsd@/boot/kernel\n-00014120: 2f7a 6673 2e6b 6f0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 /zfs.ko. \n-00014130: 2020 2020 2020 206b 6672 6565 6273 645f kfreebsd_\n-00014140: 6d6f 6475 6c65 202f 6672 6565 6273 6440 module /freebsd@\n-00014150: 2f62 6f6f 742f 7a66 732f 7a70 6f6f 6c2e /boot/zfs/zpool.\n-00014160: 6361 6368 6520 7479 7065 3d2f 626f 6f74 cache type=/boot\n-00014170: 2f7a 6673 2f7a 706f 6f6c 2e63 6163 6865 /zfs/zpool.cache\n-00014180: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-00014190: 7365 7420 6b46 7265 6542 5344 2e76 6673 set kFreeBSD.vfs\n-000141a0: 2e72 6f6f 742e 6d6f 756e 7466 726f 6d3d .root.mountfrom=\n-000141b0: 7a66 733a 6672 6565 706f 6f6c 2f66 7265 zfs:freepool/fre\n-000141c0: 6562 7364 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ebsd. \n-000141d0: 2020 2020 7365 7420 6b46 7265 6542 5344 set kFreeBSD\n-000141e0: 2e68 772e 7073 6d2e 7379 6e61 7074 6963 .hw.psm.synaptic\n-000141f0: 735f 7375 7070 6f72 743d 310a 2020 2020 s_support=1. \n-00014200: 207d 0a0a 2020 2020 206d 656e 7565 6e74 }.. menuent\n-00014210: 7279 2022 6578 7065 7269 6d65 6e74 616c ry \"experimental\n-00014220: 2047 5255 4222 207b 0a20 2020 2020 2020 GRUB\" {. \n-00014230: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 6172 6368 202d search -\n-00014240: 2d73 6574 3d72 6f6f 7420 2d2d 6c61 6265 -set=root --labe\n-00014250: 6c20 4752 5542 202d 2d68 696e 7420 6864 l GRUB --hint hd\n-00014260: 302c 6d73 646f 7335 0a20 2020 2020 2020 0,msdos5. \n-00014270: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f multiboo\n-00014280: 7420 2f65 7870 6572 696d 656e 7461 6c2f t /experimental/\n-00014290: 6772 7562 2f69 3338 362d 7063 2f63 6f72 grub/i386-pc/cor\n-000142a0: 652e 696d 670a 2020 2020 207d 0a0a 2020 e.img. }.. \n-000142b0: 2020 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2022 4665 menuentry \"Fe\n-000142c0: 646f 7261 2031 3620 696e 7374 616c 6c65 dora 16 installe\n-000142d0: 7222 207b 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 r\" {. \n-000142e0: 2020 2020 7365 6172 6368 202d 2d73 6574 search --set\n-000142f0: 3d72 6f6f 7420 2d2d 6c61 6265 6c20 4752 =root --label GR\n-00014300: 5542 202d 2d68 696e 7420 6864 302c 6d73 UB --hint hd0,ms\n-00014310: 646f 7335 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 dos5. \n-00014320: 2020 2020 6c69 6e75 7820 2f66 6564 6f72 linux /fedor\n-00014330: 612f 766d 6c69 6e75 7a20 6c61 6e67 3d65 a/vmlinuz lang=e\n-00014340: 6e5f 5553 206b 6579 6d61 703d 7367 2072 n_US keymap=sg r\n-00014350: 6573 6f6c 7574 696f 6e3d 3132 3830 7838 esolution=1280x8\n-00014360: 3030 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 00. \n-00014370: 2020 696e 6974 7264 202f 6665 646f 7261 initrd /fedora\n-00014380: 2f69 6e69 7472 642e 696d 670a 2020 2020 /initrd.img. \n-00014390: 207d 0a0a 2020 2020 206d 656e 7565 6e74 }.. menuent\n-000143a0: 7279 2022 4665 646f 7261 2072 6177 6869 ry \"Fedora rawhi\n-000143b0: 6465 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6572 2220 7b0a de installer\" {.\n-000143c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 s\n-000143d0: 6561 7263 6820 2d2d 7365 743d 726f 6f74 earch --set=root\n-000143e0: 202d 2d6c 6162 656c 2047 5255 4220 2d2d --label GRUB --\n-000143f0: 6869 6e74 2068 6430 2c6d 7364 6f73 350a hint hd0,msdos5.\n-00014400: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c l\n-00014410: 696e 7578 202f 6665 646f 7261 2f76 6d6c inux /fedora/vml\n-00014420: 696e 757a 2072 6570 6f3d 6674 703a 2f2f inuz repo=ftp://\n-00014430: 6d69 7272 6f72 2e73 7769 7463 682e 6368 mirror.switch.ch\n-00014440: 2f6d 6972 726f 722f 6665 646f 7261 2f6c /mirror/fedora/l\n-00014450: 696e 7578 2f64 6576 656c 6f70 6d65 6e74 inux/development\n-00014460: 2f72 6177 6869 6465 2f78 3836 5f36 3420 /rawhide/x86_64 \n-00014470: 6c61 6e67 3d65 6e5f 5553 206b 6579 6d61 lang=en_US keyma\n-00014480: 703d 7367 2072 6573 6f6c 7574 696f 6e3d p=sg resolution=\n-00014490: 3132 3830 7838 3030 0a20 2020 2020 2020 1280x800. \n-000144a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 696e 6974 7264 202f initrd /\n-000144b0: 6665 646f 7261 2f69 6e69 7472 642e 696d fedora/initrd.im\n-000144c0: 670a 2020 2020 207d 0a0a 2020 2020 206d g. }.. m\n-000144d0: 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2022 4465 6269 616e enuentry \"Debian\n-000144e0: 2073 6964 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6572 2220 sid installer\" \n-000144f0: 7b0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 {. \n-00014500: 2073 6561 7263 6820 2d2d 7365 743d 726f search --set=ro\n-00014510: 6f74 202d 2d6c 6162 656c 2047 5255 4220 ot --label GRUB \n-00014520: 2d2d 6869 6e74 2068 6430 2c6d 7364 6f73 --hint hd0,msdos\n-00014530: 350a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5. \n-00014540: 206c 696e 7578 202f 6465 6269 616e 2f64 linux /debian/d\n-00014550: 6973 7473 2f73 6964 2f6d 6169 6e2f 696e ists/sid/main/in\n-00014560: 7374 616c 6c65 722d 616d 6436 342f 6375 staller-amd64/cu\n-00014570: 7272 656e 742f 696d 6167 6573 2f68 642d rrent/images/hd-\n-00014580: 6d65 6469 612f 766d 6c69 6e75 7a0a 2020 media/vmlinuz. \n-00014590: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 6e69 ini\n-000145a0: 7472 6420 2f64 6562 6961 6e2f 6469 7374 trd /debian/dist\n-000145b0: 732f 7369 642f 6d61 696e 2f69 6e73 7461 s/sid/main/insta\n-000145c0: 6c6c 6572 2d61 6d64 3634 2f63 7572 7265 ller-amd64/curre\n-000145d0: 6e74 2f69 6d61 6765 732f 6864 2d6d 6564 nt/images/hd-med\n-000145e0: 6961 2f69 6e69 7472 642e 677a 0a20 2020 ia/initrd.gz. \n-000145f0: 2020 7d0a 0a0a 2020 204e 6f74 6573 3a0a }... Notes:.\n-00014600: 2020 20e2 80a2 2041 7267 756d 656e 7420 ... Argument \n-00014610: 746f 2073 6561 7263 6820 6166 7465 7220 to search after \n-00014620: 2d6c 6162 656c 2069 7320 4653 204c 4142 -label is FS LAB\n-00014630: 454c 2e20 596f 7520 6361 6e20 616c 736f EL. You can also\n-00014640: 2075 7365 2055 5549 4473 0a20 2020 2020 use UUIDs. \n-00014650: 7769 7468 202d 6673 2d75 7569 6420 5555 with -fs-uuid UU\n-00014660: 4944 2069 6e73 7465 6164 206f 6620 2d6c ID instead of -l\n-00014670: 6162 656c 204c 4142 454c 2e20 596f 7520 abel LABEL. You \n-00014680: 636f 756c 6420 616c 736f 2075 7365 0a20 could also use. \n-00014690: 2020 2020 6469 7265 6374 20e2 8098 726f direct ...ro\n-000146a0: 6f74 3d68 6430 2c6d 7364 6f73 58e2 8099 ot=hd0,msdosX...\n-000146b0: 2062 7574 2074 6869 7320 6973 206e 6f74 but this is not\n-000146c0: 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6564 2064 7565 recommended due\n-000146d0: 2074 6f20 6465 7669 6365 0a20 2020 2020 to device. \n-000146e0: 6e61 6d65 2069 6e73 7461 6269 6c69 7479 name instability\n-000146f0: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-00014700: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2045 6d62 info, Node: Emb\n-00014710: 6564 6465 6420 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 edded configurat\n-00014720: 696f 6e2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4d75 6c74 ion, Prev: Mult\n-00014730: 692d 626f 6f74 206d 616e 7561 6c20 636f i-boot manual co\n-00014740: 6e66 6967 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6e 6669 nfig, Up: Confi\n-00014750: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 0a0a 362e 3520 456d guration..6.5 Em\n-00014760: 6265 6464 696e 6720 6120 636f 6e66 6967 bedding a config\n-00014770: 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2069 6e74 uration file int\n-00014780: 6f20 4752 5542 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d o GRUB.=========\n+00013980: 3d0a 0a43 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 2061 7574 =..Currently aut\n+00013990: 6f67 656e 6572 6174 696e 6720 636f 6e66 ogenerating conf\n+000139a0: 6967 2066 696c 6573 2066 6f72 206d 756c ig files for mul\n+000139b0: 7469 2d62 6f6f 7420 656e 7669 726f 6e6d ti-boot environm\n+000139c0: 656e 7473 0a64 6570 656e 6473 206f 6e20 ents.depends on \n+000139d0: 6f73 2d70 726f 6265 7220 616e 6420 6861 os-prober and ha\n+000139e0: 7320 7365 7665 7261 6c20 7368 6f72 7463 s several shortc\n+000139f0: 6f6d 696e 6773 2e20 2044 7565 2074 6f20 omings. Due to \n+00013a00: 7468 6174 2069 7420 6973 0a64 6973 6162 that it is.disab\n+00013a10: 6c65 6420 6279 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2e20 led by default. \n+00013a20: 2049 7420 6973 2061 6476 6973 6564 2074 It is advised t\n+00013a30: 6f20 7573 6520 7468 6520 706f 7765 7220 o use the power \n+00013a40: 6f66 2047 5255 4220 7379 6e74 6178 2061 of GRUB syntax a\n+00013a50: 6e64 0a64 6f20 6974 2079 6f75 7273 656c nd.do it yoursel\n+00013a60: 662e 2020 4120 706f 7373 6962 6c65 2063 f. A possible c\n+00013a70: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 onfiguration is \n+00013a80: 6465 7461 696c 6564 2068 6572 652c 2066 detailed here, f\n+00013a90: 6565 6c20 6672 6565 2074 6f0a 6164 6a75 eel free to.adju\n+00013aa0: 7374 2074 6f20 796f 7572 206e 6565 6473 st to your needs\n+00013ab0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 4669 7273 7420 6372 6561 ... First crea\n+00013ac0: 7465 2061 2073 6570 6172 6174 6520 4752 te a separate GR\n+00013ad0: 5542 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2c20 6269 UB partition, bi\n+00013ae0: 6720 656e 6f75 6768 2074 6f20 686f 6c64 g enough to hold\n+00013af0: 2047 5255 422e 2053 6f6d 650a 6f66 2074 GRUB. Some.of t\n+00013b00: 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2065 6e74 he following ent\n+00013b10: 7269 6573 2073 686f 7720 686f 7720 746f ries show how to\n+00013b20: 206c 6f61 6420 4f53 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c load OS install\n+00013b30: 6572 2069 6d61 6765 7320 6672 6f6d 2074 er images from t\n+00013b40: 6869 730a 7361 6d65 2070 6172 7469 7469 his.same partiti\n+00013b50: 6f6e 2c20 666f 7220 7468 6174 2079 6f75 on, for that you\n+00013b60: 206f 6276 696f 7573 6c79 206e 6565 6420 obviously need \n+00013b70: 746f 206d 616b 6520 7468 6520 7061 7274 to make the part\n+00013b80: 6974 696f 6e20 6c61 7267 650a 656e 6f75 ition large.enou\n+00013b90: 6768 2074 6f20 686f 6c64 2074 686f 7365 gh to hold those\n+00013ba0: 2069 6d61 6765 7320 6173 2077 656c 6c2e images as well.\n+00013bb0: 2020 4d6f 756e 7420 7468 6973 2070 6172 Mount this par\n+00013bc0: 7469 7469 6f6e 206f 6e2f 6d6e 742f 626f tition on/mnt/bo\n+00013bd0: 6f74 0a61 6e64 2064 6973 6162 6c65 2047 ot.and disable G\n+00013be0: 5255 4220 696e 2061 6c6c 204f 5365 7320 RUB in all OSes \n+00013bf0: 616e 6420 6d61 6e75 616c 6c79 2069 6e73 and manually ins\n+00013c00: 7461 6c6c 2073 656c 662d 636f 6d70 696c tall self-compil\n+00013c10: 6564 206c 6174 6573 740a 4752 5542 2077 ed latest.GRUB w\n+00013c20: 6974 683a 0a0a 2020 20e2 8098 6772 7562 ith:.. ...grub\n+00013c30: 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 202d 2d62 6f6f 742d -install --boot-\n+00013c40: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 793d 2f6d 6e74 2f62 directory=/mnt/b\n+00013c50: 6f6f 7420 2f64 6576 2f73 6461 e280 990a oot /dev/sda....\n+00013c60: 0a20 2020 496e 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 204f . In all the O\n+00013c70: 5365 7320 696e 7374 616c 6c20 4752 5542 Ses install GRUB\n+00013c80: 2074 6f6f 6c73 2062 7574 2064 6973 6162 tools but disab\n+00013c90: 6c65 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e 6720 4752 le installing GR\n+00013ca0: 5542 2069 6e0a 626f 6f74 7365 6374 6f72 UB in.bootsector\n+00013cb0: 2c20 736f 2079 6f75 276c 6c20 6861 7665 , so you'll have\n+00013cc0: 206d 656e 752e 6c73 7420 616e 6420 6772 menu.lst and gr\n+00013cd0: 7562 2e63 6667 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 ub.cfg available\n+00013ce0: 2066 6f72 2075 7365 2e0a 416c 736f 2064 for use..Also d\n+00013cf0: 6973 6162 6c65 206f 732d 7072 6f62 6572 isable os-prober\n+00013d00: 2075 7365 2062 7920 7365 7474 696e 673a use by setting:\n+00013d10: 0a0a 2020 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f44 4953 .. ...GRUB_DIS\n+00013d20: 4142 4c45 5f4f 535f 5052 4f42 4552 3d74 ABLE_OS_PROBER=t\n+00013d30: 7275 65e2 8099 0a0a 2020 2069 6e20 2f65 rue..... in /e\n+00013d40: 7463 2f64 6566 6175 6c74 2f67 7275 620a tc/default/grub.\n+00013d50: 0a20 2020 5468 656e 2077 7269 7465 2061 . Then write a\n+00013d60: 2067 7275 622e 6366 6720 282f 6d6e 742f grub.cfg (/mnt/\n+00013d70: 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 622f 6772 7562 2e63 boot/grub/grub.c\n+00013d80: 6667 293a 0a0a 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 fg):... menu\n+00013d90: 656e 7472 7920 224f 5320 7573 696e 6720 entry \"OS using \n+00013da0: 6772 7562 3222 207b 0a20 2020 2020 2020 grub2\" {. \n+00013db0: 2069 6e73 6d6f 6420 7866 730a 2020 2020 insmod xfs. \n+00013dc0: 2020 2020 7365 6172 6368 202d 2d73 6574 search --set\n+00013dd0: 3d72 6f6f 7420 2d2d 6c61 6265 6c20 4f53 =root --label OS\n+00013de0: 3120 2d2d 6869 6e74 2068 6430 2c6d 7364 1 --hint hd0,msd\n+00013df0: 6f73 380a 2020 2020 2020 2020 636f 6e66 os8. conf\n+00013e00: 6967 6669 6c65 202f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 igfile /boot/gru\n+00013e10: 622f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 0a20 2020 2020 b/grub.cfg. \n+00013e20: 7d0a 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 656e 7472 }.. menuentr\n+00013e30: 7920 224f 5320 7573 696e 6720 6772 7562 y \"OS using grub\n+00013e40: 322d 6c65 6761 6379 2220 7b0a 2020 2020 2-legacy\" {. \n+00013e50: 2020 2020 696e 736d 6f64 2065 7874 320a insmod ext2.\n+00013e60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 6172 6368 202d search -\n+00013e70: 2d73 6574 3d72 6f6f 7420 2d2d 6c61 6265 -set=root --labe\n+00013e80: 6c20 4f53 3220 2d2d 6869 6e74 2068 6430 l OS2 --hint hd0\n+00013e90: 2c6d 7364 6f73 360a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ,msdos6. \n+00013ea0: 6c65 6761 6379 5f63 6f6e 6669 6766 696c legacy_configfil\n+00013eb0: 6520 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 2f6d 656e e /boot/grub/men\n+00013ec0: 752e 6c73 740a 2020 2020 207d 0a0a 2020 u.lst. }.. \n+00013ed0: 2020 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2022 5769 menuentry \"Wi\n+00013ee0: 6e64 6f77 7320 5850 2220 7b0a 2020 2020 ndows XP\" {. \n+00013ef0: 2020 2020 696e 736d 6f64 206e 7466 730a insmod ntfs.\n+00013f00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 6172 6368 202d search -\n+00013f10: 2d73 6574 3d72 6f6f 7420 2d2d 6c61 6265 -set=root --labe\n+00013f20: 6c20 5749 4e44 4f57 535f 5850 202d 2d68 l WINDOWS_XP --h\n+00013f30: 696e 7420 6864 302c 6d73 646f 7331 0a20 int hd0,msdos1. \n+00013f40: 2020 2020 2020 206e 746c 6472 202f 6e74 ntldr /nt\n+00013f50: 6c64 720a 2020 2020 207d 0a0a 2020 2020 ldr. }.. \n+00013f60: 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2022 5769 6e64 menuentry \"Wind\n+00013f70: 6f77 7320 3722 207b 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ows 7\" {. \n+00013f80: 2069 6e73 6d6f 6420 6e74 6673 0a20 2020 insmod ntfs. \n+00013f90: 2020 2020 2073 6561 7263 6820 2d2d 7365 search --se\n+00013fa0: 743d 726f 6f74 202d 2d6c 6162 656c 2057 t=root --label W\n+00013fb0: 494e 444f 5753 5f37 202d 2d68 696e 7420 INDOWS_7 --hint \n+00013fc0: 6864 302c 6d73 646f 7332 0a20 2020 2020 hd0,msdos2. \n+00013fd0: 2020 206e 746c 6472 202f 626f 6f74 6d67 ntldr /bootmg\n+00013fe0: 720a 2020 2020 207d 0a0a 2020 2020 206d r. }.. m\n+00013ff0: 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2022 4672 6565 4253 enuentry \"FreeBS\n+00014000: 4422 207b 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 D\" {. \n+00014010: 2020 2020 696e 736d 6f64 207a 6673 0a20 insmod zfs. \n+00014020: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 se\n+00014030: 6172 6368 202d 2d73 6574 3d72 6f6f 7420 arch --set=root \n+00014040: 2d2d 6c61 6265 6c20 6672 6565 706f 6f6c --label freepool\n+00014050: 202d 2d68 696e 7420 6864 302c 6d73 646f --hint hd0,msdo\n+00014060: 7337 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 s7. \n+00014070: 2020 6b66 7265 6562 7364 202f 6672 6565 kfreebsd /free\n+00014080: 6273 6440 2f62 6f6f 742f 6b65 726e 656c bsd@/boot/kernel\n+00014090: 2f6b 6572 6e65 6c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 /kernel. \n+000140a0: 2020 2020 2020 206b 6672 6565 6273 645f kfreebsd_\n+000140b0: 6d6f 6475 6c65 5f65 6c66 202f 6672 6565 module_elf /free\n+000140c0: 6273 6440 2f62 6f6f 742f 6b65 726e 656c bsd@/boot/kernel\n+000140d0: 2f6f 7065 6e73 6f6c 6172 6973 2e6b 6f0a /opensolaris.ko.\n+000140e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206b k\n+000140f0: 6672 6565 6273 645f 6d6f 6475 6c65 5f65 freebsd_module_e\n+00014100: 6c66 202f 6672 6565 6273 6440 2f62 6f6f lf /freebsd@/boo\n+00014110: 742f 6b65 726e 656c 2f7a 6673 2e6b 6f0a t/kernel/zfs.ko.\n+00014120: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206b k\n+00014130: 6672 6565 6273 645f 6d6f 6475 6c65 202f freebsd_module /\n+00014140: 6672 6565 6273 6440 2f62 6f6f 742f 7a66 freebsd@/boot/zf\n+00014150: 732f 7a70 6f6f 6c2e 6361 6368 6520 7479 s/zpool.cache ty\n+00014160: 7065 3d2f 626f 6f74 2f7a 6673 2f7a 706f pe=/boot/zfs/zpo\n+00014170: 6f6c 2e63 6163 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ol.cache. \n+00014180: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 7420 6b46 7265 set kFre\n+00014190: 6542 5344 2e76 6673 2e72 6f6f 742e 6d6f eBSD.vfs.root.mo\n+000141a0: 756e 7466 726f 6d3d 7a66 733a 6672 6565 untfrom=zfs:free\n+000141b0: 706f 6f6c 2f66 7265 6562 7364 0a20 2020 pool/freebsd. \n+000141c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 7420 set \n+000141d0: 6b46 7265 6542 5344 2e68 772e 7073 6d2e kFreeBSD.hw.psm.\n+000141e0: 7379 6e61 7074 6963 735f 7375 7070 6f72 synaptics_suppor\n+000141f0: 743d 310a 2020 2020 207d 0a0a 2020 2020 t=1. }.. \n+00014200: 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2022 6578 7065 menuentry \"expe\n+00014210: 7269 6d65 6e74 616c 2047 5255 4222 207b rimental GRUB\" {\n+00014220: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+00014230: 7365 6172 6368 202d 2d73 6574 3d72 6f6f search --set=roo\n+00014240: 7420 2d2d 6c61 6265 6c20 4752 5542 202d t --label GRUB -\n+00014250: 2d68 696e 7420 6864 302c 6d73 646f 7335 -hint hd0,msdos5\n+00014260: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+00014270: 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 2f65 7870 6572 multiboot /exper\n+00014280: 696d 656e 7461 6c2f 6772 7562 2f69 3338 imental/grub/i38\n+00014290: 362d 7063 2f63 6f72 652e 696d 670a 2020 6-pc/core.img. \n+000142a0: 2020 207d 0a0a 2020 2020 206d 656e 7565 }.. menue\n+000142b0: 6e74 7279 2022 4665 646f 7261 2031 3620 ntry \"Fedora 16 \n+000142c0: 696e 7374 616c 6c65 7222 207b 0a20 2020 installer\" {. \n+000142d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 6172 sear\n+000142e0: 6368 202d 2d73 6574 3d72 6f6f 7420 2d2d ch --set=root --\n+000142f0: 6c61 6265 6c20 4752 5542 202d 2d68 696e label GRUB --hin\n+00014300: 7420 6864 302c 6d73 646f 7335 0a20 2020 t hd0,msdos5. \n+00014310: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6c69 6e75 linu\n+00014320: 7820 2f66 6564 6f72 612f 766d 6c69 6e75 x /fedora/vmlinu\n+00014330: 7a20 6c61 6e67 3d65 6e5f 5553 206b 6579 z lang=en_US key\n+00014340: 6d61 703d 7367 2072 6573 6f6c 7574 696f map=sg resolutio\n+00014350: 6e3d 3132 3830 7838 3030 0a20 2020 2020 n=1280x800. \n+00014360: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 696e 6974 7264 initrd\n+00014370: 202f 6665 646f 7261 2f69 6e69 7472 642e /fedora/initrd.\n+00014380: 696d 670a 2020 2020 207d 0a0a 2020 2020 img. }.. \n+00014390: 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2022 4665 646f menuentry \"Fedo\n+000143a0: 7261 2072 6177 6869 6465 2069 6e73 7461 ra rawhide insta\n+000143b0: 6c6c 6572 2220 7b0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ller\" {. \n+000143c0: 2020 2020 2020 2073 6561 7263 6820 2d2d search --\n+000143d0: 7365 743d 726f 6f74 202d 2d6c 6162 656c set=root --label\n+000143e0: 2047 5255 4220 2d2d 6869 6e74 2068 6430 GRUB --hint hd0\n+000143f0: 2c6d 7364 6f73 350a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ,msdos5. \n+00014400: 2020 2020 2020 206c 696e 7578 202f 6665 linux /fe\n+00014410: 646f 7261 2f76 6d6c 696e 757a 2072 6570 dora/vmlinuz rep\n+00014420: 6f3d 6674 703a 2f2f 6d69 7272 6f72 2e73 o=ftp://mirror.s\n+00014430: 7769 7463 682e 6368 2f6d 6972 726f 722f witch.ch/mirror/\n+00014440: 6665 646f 7261 2f6c 696e 7578 2f64 6576 fedora/linux/dev\n+00014450: 656c 6f70 6d65 6e74 2f72 6177 6869 6465 elopment/rawhide\n+00014460: 2f78 3836 5f36 3420 6c61 6e67 3d65 6e5f /x86_64 lang=en_\n+00014470: 5553 206b 6579 6d61 703d 7367 2072 6573 US keymap=sg res\n+00014480: 6f6c 7574 696f 6e3d 3132 3830 7838 3030 olution=1280x800\n+00014490: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+000144a0: 696e 6974 7264 202f 6665 646f 7261 2f69 initrd /fedora/i\n+000144b0: 6e69 7472 642e 696d 670a 2020 2020 207d nitrd.img. }\n+000144c0: 0a0a 2020 2020 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 .. menuentry\n+000144d0: 2022 4465 6269 616e 2073 6964 2069 6e73 \"Debian sid ins\n+000144e0: 7461 6c6c 6572 2220 7b0a 2020 2020 2020 taller\" {. \n+000144f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 6561 7263 6820 search \n+00014500: 2d2d 7365 743d 726f 6f74 202d 2d6c 6162 --set=root --lab\n+00014510: 656c 2047 5255 4220 2d2d 6869 6e74 2068 el GRUB --hint h\n+00014520: 6430 2c6d 7364 6f73 350a 2020 2020 2020 d0,msdos5. \n+00014530: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 696e 7578 202f linux /\n+00014540: 6465 6269 616e 2f64 6973 7473 2f73 6964 debian/dists/sid\n+00014550: 2f6d 6169 6e2f 696e 7374 616c 6c65 722d /main/installer-\n+00014560: 616d 6436 342f 6375 7272 656e 742f 696d amd64/current/im\n+00014570: 6167 6573 2f68 642d 6d65 6469 612f 766d ages/hd-media/vm\n+00014580: 6c69 6e75 7a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 linuz. \n+00014590: 2020 2020 2069 6e69 7472 6420 2f64 6562 initrd /deb\n+000145a0: 6961 6e2f 6469 7374 732f 7369 642f 6d61 ian/dists/sid/ma\n+000145b0: 696e 2f69 6e73 7461 6c6c 6572 2d61 6d64 in/installer-amd\n+000145c0: 3634 2f63 7572 7265 6e74 2f69 6d61 6765 64/current/image\n+000145d0: 732f 6864 2d6d 6564 6961 2f69 6e69 7472 s/hd-media/initr\n+000145e0: 642e 677a 0a20 2020 2020 7d0a 0a0a 2020 d.gz. }... \n+000145f0: 204e 6f74 6573 3a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2041 Notes:. ... A\n+00014600: 7267 756d 656e 7420 746f 2073 6561 7263 rgument to searc\n+00014610: 6820 6166 7465 7220 2d6c 6162 656c 2069 h after -label i\n+00014620: 7320 4653 204c 4142 454c 2e20 596f 7520 s FS LABEL. You \n+00014630: 6361 6e20 616c 736f 2075 7365 2055 5549 can also use UUI\n+00014640: 4473 0a20 2020 2020 7769 7468 202d 6673 Ds. with -fs\n+00014650: 2d75 7569 6420 5555 4944 2069 6e73 7465 -uuid UUID inste\n+00014660: 6164 206f 6620 2d6c 6162 656c 204c 4142 ad of -label LAB\n+00014670: 454c 2e20 596f 7520 636f 756c 6420 616c EL. You could al\n+00014680: 736f 2075 7365 0a20 2020 2020 6469 7265 so use. dire\n+00014690: 6374 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 3d68 6430 2c6d ct ...root=hd0,m\n+000146a0: 7364 6f73 58e2 8099 2062 7574 2074 6869 sdosX... but thi\n+000146b0: 7320 6973 206e 6f74 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 s is not recomme\n+000146c0: 6e64 6564 2064 7565 2074 6f20 6465 7669 nded due to devi\n+000146d0: 6365 0a20 2020 2020 6e61 6d65 2069 6e73 ce. name ins\n+000146e0: 7461 6269 6c69 7479 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c tability.....Fil\n+000146f0: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+00014700: 6f64 653a 2045 6d62 6564 6465 6420 636f ode: Embedded co\n+00014710: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 5072 nfiguration, Pr\n+00014720: 6576 3a20 4d75 6c74 692d 626f 6f74 206d ev: Multi-boot m\n+00014730: 616e 7561 6c20 636f 6e66 6967 2c20 2055 anual config, U\n+00014740: 703a 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e p: Configuration\n+00014750: 0a0a 362e 3520 456d 6265 6464 696e 6720 ..6.5 Embedding \n+00014760: 6120 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 a configuration \n+00014770: 6669 6c65 2069 6e74 6f20 4752 5542 0a3d file into GRUB.=\n+00014780: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n 00014790: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000147a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000147b0: 3d3d 3d0a 0a47 5255 4220 7375 7070 6f72 ===..GRUB suppor\n-000147c0: 7473 2065 6d62 6564 6469 6e67 2061 2063 ts embedding a c\n-000147d0: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c onfiguration fil\n-000147e0: 6520 6469 7265 6374 6c79 2069 6e74 6f20 e directly into \n-000147f0: 7468 6520 636f 7265 0a69 6d61 6765 2c20 the core.image, \n-00014800: 736f 2074 6861 7420 6974 2069 7320 6c6f so that it is lo\n-00014810: 6164 6564 2062 6566 6f72 6520 656e 7465 aded before ente\n-00014820: 7269 6e67 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 6d6f 6465 ring normal mode\n-00014830: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 0a75 7365 6675 . This is.usefu\n-00014840: 6c2c 2066 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 l, for example, \n-00014850: 7768 656e 2069 7420 6973 206e 6f74 2073 when it is not s\n-00014860: 7472 6169 6768 7466 6f72 7761 7264 2074 traightforward t\n-00014870: 6f20 6669 6e64 2074 6865 2072 6561 6c0a o find the real.\n-00014880: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 configuration fi\n-00014890: 6c65 2c20 6f72 2077 6865 6e20 796f 7520 le, or when you \n-000148a0: 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 6465 6275 6720 7072 need to debug pr\n-000148b0: 6f62 6c65 6d73 2077 6974 6820 6c6f 6164 oblems with load\n-000148c0: 696e 6720 7468 6174 0a66 696c 652e 2020 ing that.file. \n-000148d0: e280 9867 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6ce2 ...grub-install.\n-000148e0: 8099 2075 7365 7320 7468 6973 2066 6561 .. uses this fea\n-000148f0: 7475 7265 2077 6865 6e20 6974 2069 7320 ture when it is \n-00014900: 6e6f 7420 7573 696e 6720 4249 4f53 2064 not using BIOS d\n-00014910: 6973 6b0a 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 7320 6f72 isk.functions or\n-00014920: 2077 6865 6e20 696e 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 when installing\n-00014930: 2074 6f20 6120 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 to a different \n-00014940: 6469 736b 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 6f6e disk from the on\n-00014950: 6520 636f 6e74 6169 6e69 6e67 0ae2 8098 e containing....\n-00014960: 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 e280 992c 2069 /boot/grub..., i\n-00014970: 6e20 7768 6963 6820 6361 7365 2069 7420 n which case it \n-00014980: 6e65 6564 7320 746f 2075 7365 2074 6865 needs to use the\n-00014990: 20e2 8098 7365 6172 6368 e280 9920 636f ...search... co\n-000149a0: 6d6d 616e 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 0a73 6561 mmand (*note.sea\n-000149b0: 7263 683a 3a29 2074 6f20 6669 6e64 20e2 rch::) to find .\n-000149c0: 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 e280 992e ../boot/grub....\n-000149d0: 0a0a 2020 2054 6f20 656d 6265 6420 6120 .. To embed a \n-000149e0: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 configuration fi\n-000149f0: 6c65 2c20 7573 6520 7468 6520 e280 982d le, use the ...-\n-00014a00: 63e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 746f 20e2 c... option to .\n-00014a10: 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b69 6d61 6765 e280 ..grub-mkimage..\n-00014a20: 992e 0a54 6865 2066 696c 6520 6973 2063 ...The file is c\n-00014a30: 6f70 6965 6420 696e 746f 2074 6865 2063 opied into the c\n-00014a40: 6f72 6520 696d 6167 652c 2073 6f20 6974 ore image, so it\n-00014a50: 206d 6179 2072 6573 6964 6520 616e 7977 may reside anyw\n-00014a60: 6865 7265 206f 6e20 7468 650a 6669 6c65 here on the.file\n-00014a70: 2073 7973 7465 6d2c 2061 6e64 206d 6179 system, and may\n-00014a80: 2062 6520 7265 6d6f 7665 6420 6166 7465 be removed afte\n-00014a90: 7220 7275 6e6e 696e 6720 e280 9867 7275 r running ...gru\n-00014aa0: 622d 6d6b 696d 6167 65e2 8099 2e0a 0a20 b-mkimage...... \n-00014ab0: 2020 4166 7465 7220 7468 6520 656d 6265 After the embe\n-00014ac0: 6464 6564 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 dded configurati\n-00014ad0: 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 2869 6620 616e 7929 on file (if any)\n-00014ae0: 2069 7320 6578 6563 7574 6564 2c20 4752 is executed, GR\n-00014af0: 5542 2077 696c 6c0a 6c6f 6164 2074 6865 UB will.load the\n-00014b00: 20e2 8098 6e6f 726d 616c e280 9920 6d6f ...normal... mo\n-00014b10: 6475 6c65 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6e6f 726d dule (*note norm\n-00014b20: 616c 3a3a 292c 2077 6869 6368 2077 696c al::), which wil\n-00014b30: 6c20 7468 656e 2072 6561 6420 7468 6520 l then read the \n-00014b40: 7265 616c 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 real.configurati\n-00014b50: 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 6672 6f6d 20e2 8098 on file from ...\n-00014b60: 2470 7265 6669 782f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 $prefix/grub.cfg\n-00014b70: e280 992e 2020 4279 2074 6869 7320 706f .... By this po\n-00014b80: 696e 742c 2074 6865 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 int, the ...root\n-00014b90: e280 990a 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2077 696c ....variable wil\n-00014ba0: 6c20 616c 736f 2068 6176 6520 6265 656e l also have been\n-00014bb0: 2073 6574 2074 6f20 7468 6520 726f 6f74 set to the root\n-00014bc0: 2064 6576 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 2e20 2046 device name. F\n-00014bd0: 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c0a e280 9870 or example,....p\n-00014be0: 7265 6669 78e2 8099 206d 6967 6874 2062 refix... might b\n-00014bf0: 6520 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 2868 6430 e set to ...(hd0\n-00014c00: 2c31 292f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 62e2 8099 ,1)/boot/grub...\n-00014c10: 2c20 616e 6420 e280 9872 6f6f 74e2 8099 , and ...root...\n-00014c20: 206d 6967 6874 2062 6520 7365 7420 746f might be set to\n-00014c30: 0ae2 8098 6864 302c 31e2 8099 2e20 2054 ....hd0,1.... T\n-00014c40: 6875 732c 2069 6e20 6d6f 7374 2063 6173 hus, in most cas\n-00014c50: 6573 2c20 7468 6520 656d 6265 6464 6564 es, the embedded\n-00014c60: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 configuration f\n-00014c70: 696c 6520 6f6e 6c79 0a6e 6565 6473 2074 ile only.needs t\n-00014c80: 6f20 7365 7420 7468 6520 e280 9870 7265 o set the ...pre\n-00014c90: 6669 78e2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 726f fix... and ...ro\n-00014ca0: 6f74 e280 9920 7661 7269 6162 6c65 732c ot... variables,\n-00014cb0: 2061 6e64 2074 6865 6e20 6472 6f70 2074 and then drop t\n-00014cc0: 6872 6f75 6768 2074 6f0a 4752 5542 2773 hrough to.GRUB's\n-00014cd0: 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 7072 6f63 6573 7369 normal processi\n-00014ce0: 6e67 2e20 2041 2074 7970 6963 616c 2065 ng. A typical e\n-00014cf0: 7861 6d70 6c65 206f 6620 7468 6973 206d xample of this m\n-00014d00: 6967 6874 206c 6f6f 6b20 6c69 6b65 0a74 ight look like.t\n-00014d10: 6869 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 2073 6561 7263 his:.. searc\n-00014d20: 682e 6673 5f75 7569 6420 3031 3233 3435 h.fs_uuid 012345\n-00014d30: 3637 2d38 3961 622d 6364 6566 2d30 3132 67-89ab-cdef-012\n-00014d40: 332d 3435 3637 3839 6162 6364 6566 2072 3-456789abcdef r\n-00014d50: 6f6f 740a 2020 2020 2073 6574 2070 7265 oot. set pre\n-00014d60: 6669 783d 2824 726f 6f74 292f 626f 6f74 fix=($root)/boot\n-00014d70: 2f67 7275 620a 0a20 2020 2854 6865 20e2 /grub.. (The .\n-00014d80: 8098 7365 6172 6368 5f66 735f 7575 6964 ..search_fs_uuid\n-00014d90: e280 9920 6d6f 6475 6c65 206d 7573 7420 ... module must \n-00014da0: 6265 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 6420 696e 2074 be included in t\n-00014db0: 6865 2063 6f72 6520 696d 6167 6520 666f he core image fo\n-00014dc0: 720a 7468 6973 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2074 r.this example t\n-00014dd0: 6f20 776f 726b 2e29 0a0a 2020 2049 6e20 o work.).. In \n-00014de0: 6d6f 7265 2063 6f6d 706c 6578 2063 6173 more complex cas\n-00014df0: 6573 2c20 6974 206d 6179 2062 6520 7573 es, it may be us\n-00014e00: 6566 756c 2074 6f20 7265 6164 206f 7468 eful to read oth\n-00014e10: 6572 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e er configuration\n-00014e20: 0a66 696c 6573 2064 6972 6563 746c 7920 .files directly \n-00014e30: 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2065 6d62 6564 6465 from the embedde\n-00014e40: 6420 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 d configuration \n-00014e50: 6669 6c65 2e20 2054 6869 7320 616c 6c6f file. This allo\n-00014e60: 7773 2073 7563 680a 7468 696e 6773 2061 ws such.things a\n-00014e70: 7320 7265 6164 696e 6720 6669 6c65 7320 s reading files \n-00014e80: 6e6f 7420 6361 6c6c 6564 20e2 8098 6772 not called ...gr\n-00014e90: 7562 2e63 6667 e280 992c 206f 7220 7265 ub.cfg..., or re\n-00014ea0: 6164 696e 6720 6669 6c65 7320 6672 6f6d ading files from\n-00014eb0: 2061 0a64 6972 6563 746f 7279 206f 7468 a.directory oth\n-00014ec0: 6572 2074 6861 6e20 7468 6174 2077 6865 er than that whe\n-00014ed0: 7265 2047 5255 4227 7320 6c6f 6164 6162 re GRUB's loadab\n-00014ee0: 6c65 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2061 7265 2069 le modules are i\n-00014ef0: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2e0a 546f 2064 6f20 nstalled..To do \n-00014f00: 7468 6973 2c20 696e 636c 7564 6520 7468 this, include th\n-00014f10: 6520 e280 9863 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 65e2 e ...configfile.\n-00014f20: 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 6e6f 726d 616c .. and ...normal\n-00014f30: e280 9920 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 696e 2074 ... modules in t\n-00014f40: 6865 2063 6f72 650a 696d 6167 652c 2061 he core.image, a\n-00014f50: 6e64 2065 6d62 6564 2061 2063 6f6e 6669 nd embed a confi\n-00014f60: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 7468 guration file th\n-00014f70: 6174 2075 7365 7320 7468 6520 e280 9863 at uses the ...c\n-00014f80: 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 65e2 8099 2063 6f6d onfigfile... com\n-00014f90: 6d61 6e64 0a74 6f20 6c6f 6164 2061 6e6f mand.to load ano\n-00014fa0: 7468 6572 2066 696c 652e 2020 5468 6520 ther file. The \n-00014fb0: 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6578 616d 706c following exampl\n-00014fc0: 6520 6f66 2074 6869 7320 616c 736f 2072 e of this also r\n-00014fd0: 6571 7569 7265 7320 7468 650a e280 9865 equires the....e\n-00014fe0: 6368 6fe2 8099 2c20 e280 9873 6561 7263 cho..., ...searc\n-00014ff0: 685f 6c61 6265 6ce2 8099 2c20 616e 6420 h_label..., and \n-00015000: e280 9874 6573 74e2 8099 206d 6f64 756c ...test... modul\n-00015010: 6573 2074 6f20 6265 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 es to be include\n-00015020: 6420 696e 2074 6865 2063 6f72 650a 696d d in the core.im\n-00015030: 6167 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 2073 6561 7263 age:.. searc\n-00015040: 682e 6673 5f6c 6162 656c 2067 7275 6220 h.fs_label grub \n-00015050: 726f 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 6966 205b 202d root. if [ -\n-00015060: 6520 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 2f65 7861 e /boot/grub/exa\n-00015070: 6d70 6c65 2f74 6573 7431 2e63 6667 205d mple/test1.cfg ]\n-00015080: 3b20 7468 656e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ; then. \n-00015090: 7365 7420 7072 6566 6978 3d28 2472 6f6f set prefix=($roo\n-000150a0: 7429 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 0a20 2020 t)/boot/grub. \n-000150b0: 2020 2020 2020 636f 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 configfile\n-000150c0: 202f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 622f 6578 616d /boot/grub/exam\n-000150d0: 706c 652f 7465 7374 312e 6366 670a 2020 ple/test1.cfg. \n-000150e0: 2020 2065 6c73 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 else. \n-000150f0: 2069 6620 5b20 2d65 202f 626f 6f74 2f67 if [ -e /boot/g\n-00015100: 7275 622f 6578 616d 706c 652f 7465 7374 rub/example/test\n-00015110: 322e 6366 6720 5d3b 2074 6865 6e0a 2020 2.cfg ]; then. \n-00015120: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 6574 2070 set p\n-00015130: 7265 6669 783d 2824 726f 6f74 292f 626f refix=($root)/bo\n-00015140: 6f74 2f67 7275 620a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ot/grub. \n-00015150: 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 6520 configfile \n-00015160: 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 2f65 7861 6d70 /boot/grub/examp\n-00015170: 6c65 2f74 6573 7432 2e63 6667 0a20 2020 le/test2.cfg. \n-00015180: 2020 2020 2020 656c 7365 0a20 2020 2020 else. \n-00015190: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6563 686f 2022 436f echo \"Co\n-000151a0: 756c 6420 6e6f 7420 6669 6e64 2061 6e20 uld not find an \n-000151b0: 6578 616d 706c 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 example configur\n-000151c0: 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2122 0a20 2020 ation file!\". \n-000151d0: 2020 2020 2020 6669 0a20 2020 2020 6669 fi. fi\n-000151e0: 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 2065 6d62 6564 6465 .. The embedde\n-000151f0: 6420 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 d configuration \n-00015200: 6669 6c65 206d 6179 206e 6f74 2063 6f6e file may not con\n-00015210: 7461 696e 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 tain menu entrie\n-00015220: 730a 6469 7265 6374 6c79 2c20 6275 7420 s.directly, but \n-00015230: 6d61 7920 6f6e 6c79 2072 6561 6420 7468 may only read th\n-00015240: 656d 2066 726f 6d20 656c 7365 7768 6572 em from elsewher\n-00015250: 6520 7573 696e 6720 e280 9863 6f6e 6669 e using ...confi\n-00015260: 6766 696c 65e2 8099 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c gfile........Fil\n-00015270: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-00015280: 6f64 653a 2054 6865 6d65 2066 696c 6520 ode: Theme file \n-00015290: 666f 726d 6174 2c20 204e 6578 743a 204e format, Next: N\n-000152a0: 6574 776f 726b 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2043 etwork, Prev: C\n-000152b0: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2c20 2055 onfiguration, U\n-000152c0: 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 3720 5468 656d 6520 p: Top..7 Theme \n-000152d0: 6669 6c65 2066 6f72 6d61 740a 2a2a 2a2a file format.****\n-000152e0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a ***************.\n-000152f0: 0a37 2e31 2049 6e74 726f 6475 6374 696f .7.1 Introductio\n-00015300: 6e0a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d n.==============\n-00015310: 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 4752 5542 2067 7261 ==..The GRUB gra\n-00015320: 7068 6963 616c 206d 656e 7520 7375 7070 phical menu supp\n-00015330: 6f72 7473 2074 6865 6d65 7320 7468 6174 orts themes that\n-00015340: 2063 616e 2063 7573 746f 6d69 7a65 2074 can customize t\n-00015350: 6865 206c 6179 6f75 740a 616e 6420 6170 he layout.and ap\n-00015360: 7065 6172 616e 6365 206f 6620 7468 6520 pearance of the \n-00015370: 4752 5542 2062 6f6f 7420 6d65 6e75 2e20 GRUB boot menu. \n-00015380: 2054 6865 2074 6865 6d65 2069 7320 636f The theme is co\n-00015390: 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2074 6872 6f75 6768 nfigured through\n-000153a0: 2061 0a70 6c61 696e 2074 6578 7420 6669 a.plain text fi\n-000153b0: 6c65 2074 6861 7420 7370 6563 6966 6965 le that specifie\n-000153c0: 7320 7468 6520 6c61 796f 7574 206f 6620 s the layout of \n-000153d0: 7468 6520 7661 7269 6f75 7320 4755 4920 the various GUI \n-000153e0: 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 7473 0a28 696e 636c components.(incl\n-000153f0: 7564 696e 6720 7468 6520 626f 6f74 206d uding the boot m\n-00015400: 656e 752c 2074 696d 656f 7574 2070 726f enu, timeout pro\n-00015410: 6772 6573 7320 6261 722c 2061 6e64 2074 gress bar, and t\n-00015420: 6578 7420 6d65 7373 6167 6573 2920 6173 ext messages) as\n-00015430: 0a77 656c 6c20 6173 2074 6865 2061 7070 .well as the app\n-00015440: 6561 7261 6e63 6520 7573 696e 6720 636f earance using co\n-00015450: 6c6f 7273 2c20 666f 6e74 732c 2061 6e64 lors, fonts, and\n-00015460: 2069 6d61 6765 732e 2020 4578 616d 706c images. Exampl\n-00015470: 6520 6973 0a61 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2069 e is.available i\n-00015480: 6e20 646f 6373 2f65 7861 6d70 6c65 5f74 n docs/example_t\n-00015490: 6865 6d65 2e74 7874 0a0a 372e 3220 5468 heme.txt..7.2 Th\n-000154a0: 656d 6520 456c 656d 656e 7473 0a3d 3d3d eme Elements.===\n-000154b0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a ===============.\n-000154c0: 0a37 2e32 2e31 2043 6f6c 6f72 730a 2d2d .7.2.1 Colors.--\n-000154d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 436f 6c6f ----------..Colo\n-000154e0: 7273 2063 616e 2062 6520 7370 6563 6966 rs can be specif\n-000154f0: 6965 6420 696e 2073 6576 6572 616c 2077 ied in several w\n-00015500: 6179 733a 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2048 544d ays:.. ... HTM\n-00015510: 4c2d 7374 796c 6520 2223 5252 4747 4242 L-style \"#RRGGBB\n-00015520: 2220 6f72 2022 2352 4742 2220 666f 726d \" or \"#RGB\" form\n-00015530: 6174 2c20 7768 6572 6520 2a52 2a2c 202a at, where *R*, *\n-00015540: 472a 2c20 616e 6420 2a42 2a20 6172 650a G*, and *B* are.\n-00015550: 2020 2020 2068 6578 6164 6563 696d 616c hexadecimal\n-00015560: 2064 6967 6974 7320 2865 2e67 2e2c 2022 digits (e.g., \"\n-00015570: 2338 3839 3946 4622 290a 2020 20e2 80a2 #8899FF\"). ...\n-00015580: 2061 7320 636f 6d6d 612d 7365 7061 7261 as comma-separa\n-00015590: 7465 6420 6465 6369 6d61 6c20 5247 4220 ted decimal RGB \n-000155a0: 7661 6c75 6573 2028 652e 672e 2c20 2231 values (e.g., \"1\n-000155b0: 3238 2c20 3132 382c 2032 3535 2229 0a20 28, 128, 255\"). \n-000155c0: 2020 e280 a220 7769 7468 2022 5356 4720 ... with \"SVG \n-000155d0: 312e 3020 636f 6c6f 7220 6e61 6d65 7322 1.0 color names\"\n-000155e0: 2028 652e 672e 2c20 2263 6f72 6e66 6c6f (e.g., \"cornflo\n-000155f0: 7765 7262 6c75 6522 2920 7768 6963 6820 werblue\") which \n-00015600: 6d75 7374 2062 650a 2020 2020 2073 7065 must be. spe\n-00015610: 6369 6669 6564 2069 6e20 6c6f 7765 7263 cified in lowerc\n-00015620: 6173 652e 0a0a 372e 322e 3220 466f 6e74 ase...7.2.2 Font\n-00015630: 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 s.-----------..T\n-00015640: 6865 2066 6f6e 7473 2047 5255 4220 7573 he fonts GRUB us\n-00015650: 6573 2022 5046 4632 2066 6f6e 7420 666f es \"PFF2 font fo\n-00015660: 726d 6174 2220 6269 746d 6170 2066 6f6e rmat\" bitmap fon\n-00015670: 7473 2e20 2046 6f6e 7473 2061 7265 0a73 ts. Fonts are.s\n-00015680: 7065 6369 6669 6564 2077 6974 6820 6675 pecified with fu\n-00015690: 6c6c 2066 6f6e 7420 6e61 6d65 732e 2020 ll font names. \n-000156a0: 4375 7272 656e 746c 7920 7468 6572 6520 Currently there \n-000156b0: 6973 206e 6f20 7072 6f76 6973 696f 6e20 is no provision \n-000156c0: 666f 7220 610a 7072 6566 6572 656e 6365 for a.preference\n-000156d0: 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2066 6f6e 7473 2c20 list of fonts, \n-000156e0: 6f72 2064 6572 6976 696e 6720 6f6e 6520 or deriving one \n-000156f0: 666f 6e74 2066 726f 6d20 616e 6f74 6865 font from anothe\n-00015700: 722e 2020 466f 6e74 7320 6172 650a 6c6f r. Fonts are.lo\n-00015710: 6164 6564 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 226c aded with the \"l\n-00015720: 6f61 6466 6f6e 7422 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 oadfont\" command\n-00015730: 2069 6e20 4752 5542 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 in GRUB (*note \n-00015740: 6c6f 6164 666f 6e74 3a3a 292e 2020 546f loadfont::). To\n-00015750: 2073 6565 0a74 6865 206c 6973 7420 6f66 see.the list of\n-00015760: 206c 6f61 6465 6420 666f 6e74 732c 2065 loaded fonts, e\n-00015770: 7865 6375 7465 2074 6865 2022 6c73 666f xecute the \"lsfo\n-00015780: 6e74 7322 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e nts\" command (*n\n-00015790: 6f74 650a 6c73 666f 6e74 733a 3a29 2e20 ote.lsfonts::). \n-000157a0: 2049 6620 7468 6572 6520 6172 6520 746f If there are to\n-000157b0: 6f20 6d61 6e79 2066 6f6e 7473 2074 6f20 o many fonts to \n-000157c0: 6669 7420 6f6e 2073 6372 6565 6e2c 2064 fit on screen, d\n-000157d0: 6f20 2273 6574 0a70 6167 6572 3d31 2220 o \"set.pager=1\" \n-000157e0: 6265 666f 7265 2065 7865 6375 7469 6e67 before executing\n-000157f0: 2022 6c73 666f 6e74 7322 2e0a 0a37 2e32 \"lsfonts\"...7.2\n-00015800: 2e33 2050 726f 6772 6573 7320 4261 720a .3 Progress Bar.\n-00015810: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00015820: 2d2d 0a0a 4669 6775 7265 2037 2e31 0a46 --..Figure 7.1.F\n-00015830: 6967 7572 6520 372e 320a 5072 6f67 7265 igure 7.2.Progre\n-00015840: 7373 2062 6172 7320 6172 6520 7573 6564 ss bars are used\n-00015850: 2074 6f20 6469 7370 6c61 7920 7468 6520 to display the \n-00015860: 7265 6d61 696e 696e 6720 7469 6d65 2062 remaining time b\n-00015870: 6566 6f72 6520 4752 5542 2062 6f6f 7473 efore GRUB boots\n-00015880: 0a74 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 206d 656e .the default men\n-00015890: 7520 656e 7472 792e 2020 546f 2063 7265 u entry. To cre\n-000158a0: 6174 6520 6120 7072 6f67 7265 7373 2062 ate a progress b\n-000158b0: 6172 2074 6861 7420 7769 6c6c 2064 6973 ar that will dis\n-000158c0: 706c 6179 2074 6865 0a72 656d 6169 6e69 play the.remaini\n-000158d0: 6e67 2074 696d 6520 6265 666f 7265 2061 ng time before a\n-000158e0: 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 2062 6f6f 742c 2073 utomatic boot, s\n-000158f0: 696d 706c 7920 6372 6561 7465 2061 2022 imply create a \"\n-00015900: 7072 6f67 7265 7373 5f62 6172 220a 636f progress_bar\".co\n-00015910: 6d70 6f6e 656e 7420 7769 7468 2074 6865 mponent with the\n-00015920: 2069 6420 225f 5f74 696d 656f 7574 5f5f id \"__timeout__\n-00015930: 222e 2020 5468 6973 2069 6e64 6963 6174 \". This indicat\n-00015940: 6573 2074 6f20 4752 5542 2074 6861 7420 es to GRUB that \n-00015950: 7468 650a 7072 6f67 7265 7373 2062 6172 the.progress bar\n-00015960: 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2075 7064 6174 should be updat\n-00015970: 6564 2061 7320 7469 6d65 2070 6173 7365 ed as time passe\n-00015980: 732c 2061 6e64 2069 7420 7368 6f75 6c64 s, and it should\n-00015990: 2062 6520 6d61 6465 0a69 6e76 6973 6962 be made.invisib\n-000159a0: 6c65 2069 6620 7468 6520 636f 756e 7464 le if the countd\n-000159b0: 6f77 6e20 746f 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 own to automatic\n-000159c0: 2062 6f6f 7420 6973 2069 6e74 6572 7275 boot is interru\n-000159d0: 7074 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 7573 6572 pted by the user\n-000159e0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 5072 6f67 7265 7373 2062 ... Progress b\n-000159f0: 6172 7320 6d61 7920 6f70 7469 6f6e 616c ars may optional\n-00015a00: 6c79 2068 6176 6520 7465 7874 2064 6973 ly have text dis\n-00015a10: 706c 6179 6564 206f 6e20 7468 656d 2e20 played on them. \n-00015a20: 2054 6869 7320 7465 7874 0a69 7320 636f This text.is co\n-00015a30: 6e74 726f 6c6c 6564 2062 7920 7661 7269 ntrolled by vari\n-00015a40: 6162 6c65 2022 7465 7874 2220 7768 6963 able \"text\" whic\n-00015a50: 6820 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 2061 2070 7269 h contains a pri\n-00015a60: 6e74 6620 7465 6d70 6c61 7465 2077 6974 ntf template wit\n-00015a70: 680a 7468 6520 6f6e 6c79 2061 7267 756d h.the only argum\n-00015a80: 656e 7420 2564 2069 7320 7468 6520 6e75 ent %d is the nu\n-00015a90: 6d62 6572 206f 6620 7365 636f 6e64 7320 mber of seconds \n-00015aa0: 7265 6d61 696e 696e 672e 2020 4164 6469 remaining. Addi\n-00015ab0: 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 0a73 7065 6369 616c tionally.special\n-00015ac0: 2076 616c 7565 7320 2240 5449 4d45 4f55 values \"@TIMEOU\n-00015ad0: 545f 4e4f 5449 4649 4341 5449 4f4e 5f53 T_NOTIFICATION_S\n-00015ae0: 484f 5254 4022 2c0a 2240 5449 4d45 4f55 HORT@\",.\"@TIMEOU\n-00015af0: 545f 4e4f 5449 4649 4341 5449 4f4e 5f4d T_NOTIFICATION_M\n-00015b00: 4944 444c 4540 222c 2022 4054 494d 454f IDDLE@\", \"@TIMEO\n-00015b10: 5554 5f4e 4f54 4946 4943 4154 494f 4e5f UT_NOTIFICATION_\n-00015b20: 4c4f 4e47 4022 2061 7265 0a72 6570 6c61 LONG@\" are.repla\n-00015b30: 6365 6420 7769 7468 2073 7461 6e64 6172 ced with standar\n-00015b40: 6420 616e 6420 7472 616e 736c 6174 6564 d and translated\n-00015b50: 2074 656d 706c 6174 6573 2e0a 0a37 2e32 templates...7.2\n-00015b60: 2e34 2043 6972 6375 6c61 7220 5072 6f67 .4 Circular Prog\n-00015b70: 7265 7373 2049 6e64 6963 6174 6f72 0a2d ress Indicator.-\n+000147a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a47 5255 ===========..GRU\n+000147b0: 4220 7375 7070 6f72 7473 2065 6d62 6564 B supports embed\n+000147c0: 6469 6e67 2061 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 ding a configura\n+000147d0: 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 6469 7265 6374 tion file direct\n+000147e0: 6c79 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 636f 7265 ly into the core\n+000147f0: 0a69 6d61 6765 2c20 736f 2074 6861 7420 .image, so that \n+00014800: 6974 2069 7320 6c6f 6164 6564 2062 6566 it is loaded bef\n+00014810: 6f72 6520 656e 7465 7269 6e67 206e 6f72 ore entering nor\n+00014820: 6d61 6c20 6d6f 6465 2e20 2054 6869 7320 mal mode. This \n+00014830: 6973 0a75 7365 6675 6c2c 2066 6f72 2065 is.useful, for e\n+00014840: 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 7768 656e 2069 7420 xample, when it \n+00014850: 6973 206e 6f74 2073 7472 6169 6768 7466 is not straightf\n+00014860: 6f72 7761 7264 2074 6f20 6669 6e64 2074 orward to find t\n+00014870: 6865 2072 6561 6c0a 636f 6e66 6967 7572 he real.configur\n+00014880: 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2c20 6f72 2077 ation file, or w\n+00014890: 6865 6e20 796f 7520 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 hen you need to \n+000148a0: 6465 6275 6720 7072 6f62 6c65 6d73 2077 debug problems w\n+000148b0: 6974 6820 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 7468 6174 ith loading that\n+000148c0: 0a66 696c 652e 2020 e280 9867 7275 622d .file. ...grub-\n+000148d0: 696e 7374 616c 6ce2 8099 2075 7365 7320 install... uses \n+000148e0: 7468 6973 2066 6561 7475 7265 2077 6865 this feature whe\n+000148f0: 6e20 6974 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 7573 696e n it is not usin\n+00014900: 6720 4249 4f53 2064 6973 6b0a 6675 6e63 g BIOS disk.func\n+00014910: 7469 6f6e 7320 6f72 2077 6865 6e20 696e tions or when in\n+00014920: 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 2074 6f20 6120 6469 stalling to a di\n+00014930: 6666 6572 656e 7420 6469 736b 2066 726f fferent disk fro\n+00014940: 6d20 7468 6520 6f6e 6520 636f 6e74 6169 m the one contai\n+00014950: 6e69 6e67 0ae2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 ning..../boot/gr\n+00014960: 7562 e280 992c 2069 6e20 7768 6963 6820 ub..., in which \n+00014970: 6361 7365 2069 7420 6e65 6564 7320 746f case it needs to\n+00014980: 2075 7365 2074 6865 20e2 8098 7365 6172 use the ...sear\n+00014990: 6368 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 282a ch... command (*\n+000149a0: 6e6f 7465 0a73 6561 7263 683a 3a29 2074 note.search::) t\n+000149b0: 6f20 6669 6e64 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f o find .../boot/\n+000149c0: 6772 7562 e280 992e 0a0a 2020 2054 6f20 grub...... To \n+000149d0: 656d 6265 6420 6120 636f 6e66 6967 7572 embed a configur\n+000149e0: 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2c20 7573 6520 ation file, use \n+000149f0: 7468 6520 e280 982d 63e2 8099 206f 7074 the ...-c... opt\n+00014a00: 696f 6e20 746f 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d ion to ...grub-m\n+00014a10: 6b69 6d61 6765 e280 992e 0a54 6865 2066 kimage.....The f\n+00014a20: 696c 6520 6973 2063 6f70 6965 6420 696e ile is copied in\n+00014a30: 746f 2074 6865 2063 6f72 6520 696d 6167 to the core imag\n+00014a40: 652c 2073 6f20 6974 206d 6179 2072 6573 e, so it may res\n+00014a50: 6964 6520 616e 7977 6865 7265 206f 6e20 ide anywhere on \n+00014a60: 7468 650a 6669 6c65 2073 7973 7465 6d2c the.file system,\n+00014a70: 2061 6e64 206d 6179 2062 6520 7265 6d6f and may be remo\n+00014a80: 7665 6420 6166 7465 7220 7275 6e6e 696e ved after runnin\n+00014a90: 6720 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 696d 6167 g ...grub-mkimag\n+00014aa0: 65e2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 4166 7465 7220 e...... After \n+00014ab0: 7468 6520 656d 6265 6464 6564 2063 6f6e the embedded con\n+00014ac0: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 figuration file \n+00014ad0: 2869 6620 616e 7929 2069 7320 6578 6563 (if any) is exec\n+00014ae0: 7574 6564 2c20 4752 5542 2077 696c 6c0a uted, GRUB will.\n+00014af0: 6c6f 6164 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6e6f 726d load the ...norm\n+00014b00: 616c e280 9920 6d6f 6475 6c65 2028 2a6e al... module (*n\n+00014b10: 6f74 6520 6e6f 726d 616c 3a3a 292c 2077 ote normal::), w\n+00014b20: 6869 6368 2077 696c 6c20 7468 656e 2072 hich will then r\n+00014b30: 6561 6420 7468 6520 7265 616c 0a63 6f6e ead the real.con\n+00014b40: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 figuration file \n+00014b50: 6672 6f6d 20e2 8098 2470 7265 6669 782f from ...$prefix/\n+00014b60: 6772 7562 2e63 6667 e280 992e 2020 4279 grub.cfg.... By\n+00014b70: 2074 6869 7320 706f 696e 742c 2074 6865 this point, the\n+00014b80: 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 e280 990a 7661 7269 ...root....vari\n+00014b90: 6162 6c65 2077 696c 6c20 616c 736f 2068 able will also h\n+00014ba0: 6176 6520 6265 656e 2073 6574 2074 6f20 ave been set to \n+00014bb0: 7468 6520 726f 6f74 2064 6576 6963 6520 the root device \n+00014bc0: 6e61 6d65 2e20 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 name. For examp\n+00014bd0: 6c65 2c0a e280 9870 7265 6669 78e2 8099 le,....prefix...\n+00014be0: 206d 6967 6874 2062 6520 7365 7420 746f might be set to\n+00014bf0: 20e2 8098 2868 6430 2c31 292f 626f 6f74 ...(hd0,1)/boot\n+00014c00: 2f67 7275 62e2 8099 2c20 616e 6420 e280 /grub..., and ..\n+00014c10: 9872 6f6f 74e2 8099 206d 6967 6874 2062 .root... might b\n+00014c20: 6520 7365 7420 746f 0ae2 8098 6864 302c e set to....hd0,\n+00014c30: 31e2 8099 2e20 2054 6875 732c 2069 6e20 1.... Thus, in \n+00014c40: 6d6f 7374 2063 6173 6573 2c20 7468 6520 most cases, the \n+00014c50: 656d 6265 6464 6564 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 embedded configu\n+00014c60: 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 6f6e 6c79 ration file only\n+00014c70: 0a6e 6565 6473 2074 6f20 7365 7420 7468 .needs to set th\n+00014c80: 6520 e280 9870 7265 6669 78e2 8099 2061 e ...prefix... a\n+00014c90: 6e64 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 e280 9920 7661 nd ...root... va\n+00014ca0: 7269 6162 6c65 732c 2061 6e64 2074 6865 riables, and the\n+00014cb0: 6e20 6472 6f70 2074 6872 6f75 6768 2074 n drop through t\n+00014cc0: 6f0a 4752 5542 2773 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 o.GRUB's normal \n+00014cd0: 7072 6f63 6573 7369 6e67 2e20 2041 2074 processing. A t\n+00014ce0: 7970 6963 616c 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 206f ypical example o\n+00014cf0: 6620 7468 6973 206d 6967 6874 206c 6f6f f this might loo\n+00014d00: 6b20 6c69 6b65 0a74 6869 733a 0a0a 2020 k like.this:.. \n+00014d10: 2020 2073 6561 7263 682e 6673 5f75 7569 search.fs_uui\n+00014d20: 6420 3031 3233 3435 3637 2d38 3961 622d d 01234567-89ab-\n+00014d30: 6364 6566 2d30 3132 332d 3435 3637 3839 cdef-0123-456789\n+00014d40: 6162 6364 6566 2072 6f6f 740a 2020 2020 abcdef root. \n+00014d50: 2073 6574 2070 7265 6669 783d 2824 726f set prefix=($ro\n+00014d60: 6f74 292f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 620a 0a20 ot)/boot/grub.. \n+00014d70: 2020 2854 6865 20e2 8098 7365 6172 6368 (The ...search\n+00014d80: 5f66 735f 7575 6964 e280 9920 6d6f 6475 _fs_uuid... modu\n+00014d90: 6c65 206d 7573 7420 6265 2069 6e63 6c75 le must be inclu\n+00014da0: 6465 6420 696e 2074 6865 2063 6f72 6520 ded in the core \n+00014db0: 696d 6167 6520 666f 720a 7468 6973 2065 image for.this e\n+00014dc0: 7861 6d70 6c65 2074 6f20 776f 726b 2e29 xample to work.)\n+00014dd0: 0a0a 2020 2049 6e20 6d6f 7265 2063 6f6d .. In more com\n+00014de0: 706c 6578 2063 6173 6573 2c20 6974 206d plex cases, it m\n+00014df0: 6179 2062 6520 7573 6566 756c 2074 6f20 ay be useful to \n+00014e00: 7265 6164 206f 7468 6572 2063 6f6e 6669 read other confi\n+00014e10: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 0a66 696c 6573 2064 guration.files d\n+00014e20: 6972 6563 746c 7920 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 irectly from the\n+00014e30: 2065 6d62 6564 6465 6420 636f 6e66 6967 embedded config\n+00014e40: 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2e20 2054 uration file. T\n+00014e50: 6869 7320 616c 6c6f 7773 2073 7563 680a his allows such.\n+00014e60: 7468 696e 6773 2061 7320 7265 6164 696e things as readin\n+00014e70: 6720 6669 6c65 7320 6e6f 7420 6361 6c6c g files not call\n+00014e80: 6564 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2e63 6667 e280 ed ...grub.cfg..\n+00014e90: 992c 206f 7220 7265 6164 696e 6720 6669 ., or reading fi\n+00014ea0: 6c65 7320 6672 6f6d 2061 0a64 6972 6563 les from a.direc\n+00014eb0: 746f 7279 206f 7468 6572 2074 6861 6e20 tory other than \n+00014ec0: 7468 6174 2077 6865 7265 2047 5255 4227 that where GRUB'\n+00014ed0: 7320 6c6f 6164 6162 6c65 206d 6f64 756c s loadable modul\n+00014ee0: 6573 2061 7265 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 es are installed\n+00014ef0: 2e0a 546f 2064 6f20 7468 6973 2c20 696e ..To do this, in\n+00014f00: 636c 7564 6520 7468 6520 e280 9863 6f6e clude the ...con\n+00014f10: 6669 6766 696c 65e2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 figfile... and .\n+00014f20: 8098 6e6f 726d 616c e280 9920 6d6f 6475 ..normal... modu\n+00014f30: 6c65 7320 696e 2074 6865 2063 6f72 650a les in the core.\n+00014f40: 696d 6167 652c 2061 6e64 2065 6d62 6564 image, and embed\n+00014f50: 2061 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e a configuration\n+00014f60: 2066 696c 6520 7468 6174 2075 7365 7320 file that uses \n+00014f70: 7468 6520 e280 9863 6f6e 6669 6766 696c the ...configfil\n+00014f80: 65e2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 0a74 6f20 e... command.to \n+00014f90: 6c6f 6164 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 2066 696c load another fil\n+00014fa0: 652e 2020 5468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e e. The followin\n+00014fb0: 6720 6578 616d 706c 6520 6f66 2074 6869 g example of thi\n+00014fc0: 7320 616c 736f 2072 6571 7569 7265 7320 s also requires \n+00014fd0: 7468 650a e280 9865 6368 6fe2 8099 2c20 the....echo..., \n+00014fe0: e280 9873 6561 7263 685f 6c61 6265 6ce2 ...search_label.\n+00014ff0: 8099 2c20 616e 6420 e280 9874 6573 74e2 .., and ...test.\n+00015000: 8099 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2074 6f20 6265 .. modules to be\n+00015010: 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 6420 696e 2074 6865 included in the\n+00015020: 2063 6f72 650a 696d 6167 653a 0a0a 2020 core.image:.. \n+00015030: 2020 2073 6561 7263 682e 6673 5f6c 6162 search.fs_lab\n+00015040: 656c 2067 7275 6220 726f 6f74 0a20 2020 el grub root. \n+00015050: 2020 6966 205b 202d 6520 2f62 6f6f 742f if [ -e /boot/\n+00015060: 6772 7562 2f65 7861 6d70 6c65 2f74 6573 grub/example/tes\n+00015070: 7431 2e63 6667 205d 3b20 7468 656e 0a20 t1.cfg ]; then. \n+00015080: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 7420 7072 6566 set pref\n+00015090: 6978 3d28 2472 6f6f 7429 2f62 6f6f 742f ix=($root)/boot/\n+000150a0: 6772 7562 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 636f grub. co\n+000150b0: 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 202f 626f 6f74 2f67 nfigfile /boot/g\n+000150c0: 7275 622f 6578 616d 706c 652f 7465 7374 rub/example/test\n+000150d0: 312e 6366 670a 2020 2020 2065 6c73 650a 1.cfg. else.\n+000150e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 6620 5b20 2d65 if [ -e\n+000150f0: 202f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 622f 6578 616d /boot/grub/exam\n+00015100: 706c 652f 7465 7374 322e 6366 6720 5d3b ple/test2.cfg ];\n+00015110: 2074 6865 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 then. \n+00015120: 2020 2073 6574 2070 7265 6669 783d 2824 set prefix=($\n+00015130: 726f 6f74 292f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 620a root)/boot/grub.\n+00015140: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 6f6e con\n+00015150: 6669 6766 696c 6520 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 figfile /boot/gr\n+00015160: 7562 2f65 7861 6d70 6c65 2f74 6573 7432 ub/example/test2\n+00015170: 2e63 6667 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 656c .cfg. el\n+00015180: 7365 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 se. \n+00015190: 6563 686f 2022 436f 756c 6420 6e6f 7420 echo \"Could not \n+000151a0: 6669 6e64 2061 6e20 6578 616d 706c 6520 find an example \n+000151b0: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 configuration fi\n+000151c0: 6c65 2122 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 6669 le!\". fi\n+000151d0: 0a20 2020 2020 6669 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 . fi.. The\n+000151e0: 2065 6d62 6564 6465 6420 636f 6e66 6967 embedded config\n+000151f0: 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 206d 6179 uration file may\n+00015200: 206e 6f74 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 206d 656e not contain men\n+00015210: 7520 656e 7472 6965 730a 6469 7265 6374 u entries.direct\n+00015220: 6c79 2c20 6275 7420 6d61 7920 6f6e 6c79 ly, but may only\n+00015230: 2072 6561 6420 7468 656d 2066 726f 6d20 read them from \n+00015240: 656c 7365 7768 6572 6520 7573 696e 6720 elsewhere using \n+00015250: e280 9863 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 65e2 8099 ...configfile...\n+00015260: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n+00015270: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2054 6865 info, Node: The\n+00015280: 6d65 2066 696c 6520 666f 726d 6174 2c20 me file format, \n+00015290: 204e 6578 743a 204e 6574 776f 726b 2c20 Next: Network, \n+000152a0: 2050 7265 763a 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 Prev: Configura\n+000152b0: 7469 6f6e 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a tion, Up: Top..\n+000152c0: 3720 5468 656d 6520 6669 6c65 2066 6f72 7 Theme file for\n+000152d0: 6d61 740a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a mat.************\n+000152e0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a37 2e31 2049 6e74 *******..7.1 Int\n+000152f0: 726f 6475 6374 696f 6e0a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d roduction.======\n+00015300: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 ==========..The \n+00015310: 4752 5542 2067 7261 7068 6963 616c 206d GRUB graphical m\n+00015320: 656e 7520 7375 7070 6f72 7473 2074 6865 enu supports the\n+00015330: 6d65 7320 7468 6174 2063 616e 2063 7573 mes that can cus\n+00015340: 746f 6d69 7a65 2074 6865 206c 6179 6f75 tomize the layou\n+00015350: 740a 616e 6420 6170 7065 6172 616e 6365 t.and appearance\n+00015360: 206f 6620 7468 6520 4752 5542 2062 6f6f of the GRUB boo\n+00015370: 7420 6d65 6e75 2e20 2054 6865 2074 6865 t menu. The the\n+00015380: 6d65 2069 7320 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 me is configured\n+00015390: 2074 6872 6f75 6768 2061 0a70 6c61 696e through a.plain\n+000153a0: 2074 6578 7420 6669 6c65 2074 6861 7420 text file that \n+000153b0: 7370 6563 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 6c61 specifies the la\n+000153c0: 796f 7574 206f 6620 7468 6520 7661 7269 yout of the vari\n+000153d0: 6f75 7320 4755 4920 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e ous GUI componen\n+000153e0: 7473 0a28 696e 636c 7564 696e 6720 7468 ts.(including th\n+000153f0: 6520 626f 6f74 206d 656e 752c 2074 696d e boot menu, tim\n+00015400: 656f 7574 2070 726f 6772 6573 7320 6261 eout progress ba\n+00015410: 722c 2061 6e64 2074 6578 7420 6d65 7373 r, and text mess\n+00015420: 6167 6573 2920 6173 0a77 656c 6c20 6173 ages) as.well as\n+00015430: 2074 6865 2061 7070 6561 7261 6e63 6520 the appearance \n+00015440: 7573 696e 6720 636f 6c6f 7273 2c20 666f using colors, fo\n+00015450: 6e74 732c 2061 6e64 2069 6d61 6765 732e nts, and images.\n+00015460: 2020 4578 616d 706c 6520 6973 0a61 7661 Example is.ava\n+00015470: 696c 6162 6c65 2069 6e20 646f 6373 2f65 ilable in docs/e\n+00015480: 7861 6d70 6c65 5f74 6865 6d65 2e74 7874 xample_theme.txt\n+00015490: 0a0a 372e 3220 5468 656d 6520 456c 656d ..7.2 Theme Elem\n+000154a0: 656e 7473 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ents.===========\n+000154b0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a37 2e32 2e31 2043 =======..7.2.1 C\n+000154c0: 6f6c 6f72 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d olors.----------\n+000154d0: 2d2d 0a0a 436f 6c6f 7273 2063 616e 2062 --..Colors can b\n+000154e0: 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 696e 2073 e specified in s\n+000154f0: 6576 6572 616c 2077 6179 733a 0a0a 2020 everal ways:.. \n+00015500: 20e2 80a2 2048 544d 4c2d 7374 796c 6520 ... HTML-style \n+00015510: 2223 5252 4747 4242 2220 6f72 2022 2352 \"#RRGGBB\" or \"#R\n+00015520: 4742 2220 666f 726d 6174 2c20 7768 6572 GB\" format, wher\n+00015530: 6520 2a52 2a2c 202a 472a 2c20 616e 6420 e *R*, *G*, and \n+00015540: 2a42 2a20 6172 650a 2020 2020 2068 6578 *B* are. hex\n+00015550: 6164 6563 696d 616c 2064 6967 6974 7320 adecimal digits \n+00015560: 2865 2e67 2e2c 2022 2338 3839 3946 4622 (e.g., \"#8899FF\"\n+00015570: 290a 2020 20e2 80a2 2061 7320 636f 6d6d ). ... as comm\n+00015580: 612d 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 6465 6369 a-separated deci\n+00015590: 6d61 6c20 5247 4220 7661 6c75 6573 2028 mal RGB values (\n+000155a0: 652e 672e 2c20 2231 3238 2c20 3132 382c e.g., \"128, 128,\n+000155b0: 2032 3535 2229 0a20 2020 e280 a220 7769 255\"). ... wi\n+000155c0: 7468 2022 5356 4720 312e 3020 636f 6c6f th \"SVG 1.0 colo\n+000155d0: 7220 6e61 6d65 7322 2028 652e 672e 2c20 r names\" (e.g., \n+000155e0: 2263 6f72 6e66 6c6f 7765 7262 6c75 6522 \"cornflowerblue\"\n+000155f0: 2920 7768 6963 6820 6d75 7374 2062 650a ) which must be.\n+00015600: 2020 2020 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2069 specified i\n+00015610: 6e20 6c6f 7765 7263 6173 652e 0a0a 372e n lowercase...7.\n+00015620: 322e 3220 466f 6e74 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2.2 Fonts.------\n+00015630: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6865 2066 6f6e 7473 -----..The fonts\n+00015640: 2047 5255 4220 7573 6573 2022 5046 4632 GRUB uses \"PFF2\n+00015650: 2066 6f6e 7420 666f 726d 6174 2220 6269 font format\" bi\n+00015660: 746d 6170 2066 6f6e 7473 2e20 2046 6f6e tmap fonts. Fon\n+00015670: 7473 2061 7265 0a73 7065 6369 6669 6564 ts are.specified\n+00015680: 2077 6974 6820 6675 6c6c 2066 6f6e 7420 with full font \n+00015690: 6e61 6d65 732e 2020 4375 7272 656e 746c names. Currentl\n+000156a0: 7920 7468 6572 6520 6973 206e 6f20 7072 y there is no pr\n+000156b0: 6f76 6973 696f 6e20 666f 7220 610a 7072 ovision for a.pr\n+000156c0: 6566 6572 656e 6365 206c 6973 7420 6f66 eference list of\n+000156d0: 2066 6f6e 7473 2c20 6f72 2064 6572 6976 fonts, or deriv\n+000156e0: 696e 6720 6f6e 6520 666f 6e74 2066 726f ing one font fro\n+000156f0: 6d20 616e 6f74 6865 722e 2020 466f 6e74 m another. Font\n+00015700: 7320 6172 650a 6c6f 6164 6564 2077 6974 s are.loaded wit\n+00015710: 6820 7468 6520 226c 6f61 6466 6f6e 7422 h the \"loadfont\"\n+00015720: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 6e20 4752 5542 command in GRUB\n+00015730: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6c6f 6164 666f 6e74 (*note loadfont\n+00015740: 3a3a 292e 2020 546f 2073 6565 0a74 6865 ::). To see.the\n+00015750: 206c 6973 7420 6f66 206c 6f61 6465 6420 list of loaded \n+00015760: 666f 6e74 732c 2065 7865 6375 7465 2074 fonts, execute t\n+00015770: 6865 2022 6c73 666f 6e74 7322 2063 6f6d he \"lsfonts\" com\n+00015780: 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 6c73 666f mand (*note.lsfo\n+00015790: 6e74 733a 3a29 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6572 nts::). If ther\n+000157a0: 6520 6172 6520 746f 6f20 6d61 6e79 2066 e are too many f\n+000157b0: 6f6e 7473 2074 6f20 6669 7420 6f6e 2073 onts to fit on s\n+000157c0: 6372 6565 6e2c 2064 6f20 2273 6574 0a70 creen, do \"set.p\n+000157d0: 6167 6572 3d31 2220 6265 666f 7265 2065 ager=1\" before e\n+000157e0: 7865 6375 7469 6e67 2022 6c73 666f 6e74 xecuting \"lsfont\n+000157f0: 7322 2e0a 0a37 2e32 2e33 2050 726f 6772 s\"...7.2.3 Progr\n+00015800: 6573 7320 4261 720a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ess Bar.--------\n+00015810: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4669 6775 ----------..Figu\n+00015820: 7265 2037 2e31 0a46 6967 7572 6520 372e re 7.1.Figure 7.\n+00015830: 320a 5072 6f67 7265 7373 2062 6172 7320 2.Progress bars \n+00015840: 6172 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f20 6469 7370 are used to disp\n+00015850: 6c61 7920 7468 6520 7265 6d61 696e 696e lay the remainin\n+00015860: 6720 7469 6d65 2062 6566 6f72 6520 4752 g time before GR\n+00015870: 5542 2062 6f6f 7473 0a74 6865 2064 6566 UB boots.the def\n+00015880: 6175 6c74 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 792e ault menu entry.\n+00015890: 2020 546f 2063 7265 6174 6520 6120 7072 To create a pr\n+000158a0: 6f67 7265 7373 2062 6172 2074 6861 7420 ogress bar that \n+000158b0: 7769 6c6c 2064 6973 706c 6179 2074 6865 will display the\n+000158c0: 0a72 656d 6169 6e69 6e67 2074 696d 6520 .remaining time \n+000158d0: 6265 666f 7265 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 before automatic\n+000158e0: 2062 6f6f 742c 2073 696d 706c 7920 6372 boot, simply cr\n+000158f0: 6561 7465 2061 2022 7072 6f67 7265 7373 eate a \"progress\n+00015900: 5f62 6172 220a 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 7420 _bar\".component \n+00015910: 7769 7468 2074 6865 2069 6420 225f 5f74 with the id \"__t\n+00015920: 696d 656f 7574 5f5f 222e 2020 5468 6973 imeout__\". This\n+00015930: 2069 6e64 6963 6174 6573 2074 6f20 4752 indicates to GR\n+00015940: 5542 2074 6861 7420 7468 650a 7072 6f67 UB that the.prog\n+00015950: 7265 7373 2062 6172 2073 686f 756c 6420 ress bar should \n+00015960: 6265 2075 7064 6174 6564 2061 7320 7469 be updated as ti\n+00015970: 6d65 2070 6173 7365 732c 2061 6e64 2069 me passes, and i\n+00015980: 7420 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 6d61 6465 t should be made\n+00015990: 0a69 6e76 6973 6962 6c65 2069 6620 7468 .invisible if th\n+000159a0: 6520 636f 756e 7464 6f77 6e20 746f 2061 e countdown to a\n+000159b0: 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 2062 6f6f 7420 6973 utomatic boot is\n+000159c0: 2069 6e74 6572 7275 7074 6564 2062 7920 interrupted by \n+000159d0: 7468 6520 7573 6572 2e0a 0a20 2020 5072 the user... Pr\n+000159e0: 6f67 7265 7373 2062 6172 7320 6d61 7920 ogress bars may \n+000159f0: 6f70 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 2068 6176 6520 optionally have \n+00015a00: 7465 7874 2064 6973 706c 6179 6564 206f text displayed o\n+00015a10: 6e20 7468 656d 2e20 2054 6869 7320 7465 n them. This te\n+00015a20: 7874 0a69 7320 636f 6e74 726f 6c6c 6564 xt.is controlled\n+00015a30: 2062 7920 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2022 7465 by variable \"te\n+00015a40: 7874 2220 7768 6963 6820 636f 6e74 6169 xt\" which contai\n+00015a50: 6e73 2061 2070 7269 6e74 6620 7465 6d70 ns a printf temp\n+00015a60: 6c61 7465 2077 6974 680a 7468 6520 6f6e late with.the on\n+00015a70: 6c79 2061 7267 756d 656e 7420 2564 2069 ly argument %d i\n+00015a80: 7320 7468 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 s the number of \n+00015a90: 7365 636f 6e64 7320 7265 6d61 696e 696e seconds remainin\n+00015aa0: 672e 2020 4164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 g. Additionally\n+00015ab0: 0a73 7065 6369 616c 2076 616c 7565 7320 .special values \n+00015ac0: 2240 5449 4d45 4f55 545f 4e4f 5449 4649 \"@TIMEOUT_NOTIFI\n+00015ad0: 4341 5449 4f4e 5f53 484f 5254 4022 2c0a CATION_SHORT@\",.\n+00015ae0: 2240 5449 4d45 4f55 545f 4e4f 5449 4649 \"@TIMEOUT_NOTIFI\n+00015af0: 4341 5449 4f4e 5f4d 4944 444c 4540 222c CATION_MIDDLE@\",\n+00015b00: 2022 4054 494d 454f 5554 5f4e 4f54 4946 \"@TIMEOUT_NOTIF\n+00015b10: 4943 4154 494f 4e5f 4c4f 4e47 4022 2061 ICATION_LONG@\" a\n+00015b20: 7265 0a72 6570 6c61 6365 6420 7769 7468 re.replaced with\n+00015b30: 2073 7461 6e64 6172 6420 616e 6420 7472 standard and tr\n+00015b40: 616e 736c 6174 6564 2074 656d 706c 6174 anslated templat\n+00015b50: 6573 2e0a 0a37 2e32 2e34 2043 6972 6375 es...7.2.4 Circu\n+00015b60: 6c61 7220 5072 6f67 7265 7373 2049 6e64 lar Progress Ind\n+00015b70: 6963 6174 6f72 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d icator.---------\n 00015b80: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00015b90: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00015ba0: 0a0a 5468 6520 6369 7263 756c 6172 2070 ..The circular p\n-00015bb0: 726f 6772 6573 7320 696e 6469 6361 746f rogress indicato\n-00015bc0: 7220 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 7320 7369 6d69 r functions simi\n-00015bd0: 6c61 726c 7920 746f 2074 6865 2070 726f larly to the pro\n-00015be0: 6772 6573 7320 6261 722e 0a57 6865 6e20 gress bar..When \n-00015bf0: 6769 7665 6e20 616e 2069 6420 6f66 2022 given an id of \"\n-00015c00: 5f5f 7469 6d65 6f75 745f 5f22 2c20 4752 __timeout__\", GR\n-00015c10: 5542 2075 7064 6174 6573 2074 6865 2063 UB updates the c\n-00015c20: 6972 6375 6c61 7220 7072 6f67 7265 7373 ircular progress\n-00015c30: 0a69 6e64 6963 6174 6f72 2773 2076 616c .indicator's val\n-00015c40: 7565 2074 6f20 696e 6469 6361 7465 2074 ue to indicate t\n-00015c50: 6865 2074 696d 6520 7265 6d61 696e 696e he time remainin\n-00015c60: 672e 2020 466f 7220 7468 6520 6369 7263 g. For the circ\n-00015c70: 756c 6172 0a70 726f 6772 6573 7320 696e ular.progress in\n-00015c80: 6469 6361 746f 722c 2074 6865 7265 2061 dicator, there a\n-00015c90: 7265 2074 776f 2069 6d61 6765 7320 7573 re two images us\n-00015ca0: 6564 2074 6f20 7265 6e64 6572 2069 743a ed to render it:\n-00015cb0: 2074 6865 202a 6365 6e74 6572 2a0a 696d the *center*.im\n-00015cc0: 6167 652c 2061 6e64 2074 6865 202a 7469 age, and the *ti\n-00015cd0: 636b 2a20 696d 6167 652e 2020 5468 6520 ck* image. The \n-00015ce0: 6365 6e74 6572 2069 6d61 6765 2069 7320 center image is \n-00015cf0: 7265 6e64 6572 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 rendered in the \n-00015d00: 6365 6e74 6572 0a6f 6620 7468 6520 636f center.of the co\n-00015d10: 6d70 6f6e 656e 742c 2077 6869 6c65 2074 mponent, while t\n-00015d20: 6865 2074 6963 6b20 696d 6167 6520 6973 he tick image is\n-00015d30: 2075 7365 6420 746f 2072 656e 6465 7220 used to render \n-00015d40: 6561 6368 206d 6172 6b20 616c 6f6e 670a each mark along.\n-00015d50: 7468 6520 6369 7263 756d 6665 7265 6e63 the circumferenc\n-00015d60: 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2069 6e64 6963 6174 e of the indicat\n-00015d70: 6f72 2e0a 0a37 2e32 2e35 204c 6162 656c or...7.2.5 Label\n-00015d80: 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a s.------------..\n-00015d90: 5465 7874 206c 6162 656c 7320 6361 6e20 Text labels can \n-00015da0: 6265 2070 6c61 6365 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 be placed on the\n-00015db0: 2062 6f6f 7420 7363 7265 656e 2e20 2054 boot screen. T\n-00015dc0: 6865 2066 6f6e 742c 2063 6f6c 6f72 2c20 he font, color, \n-00015dd0: 616e 640a 686f 7269 7a6f 6e74 616c 2061 and.horizontal a\n-00015de0: 6c69 676e 6d65 6e74 2063 616e 2062 6520 lignment can be \n-00015df0: 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 666f 7220 6c61 specified for la\n-00015e00: 6265 6c73 2e20 2049 6620 6120 6c61 6265 bels. 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The ic\n-00015ff0: 6f6e 2069 7320 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2062 on is selected b\n-00016000: 6173 6564 206f 6e20 7468 6520 2a63 6c61 ased on the *cla\n-00016010: 7373 6573 2a20 7370 6563 6966 6965 640a sses* specified.\n-00016020: 666f 7220 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 for the menu ent\n-00016030: 7279 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6572 6520 6973 ry. If there is\n-00016040: 2061 2050 4e47 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 a PNG file name\n-00016050: 6420 226d 7963 6c61 7373 2e70 6e67 2220 d \"myclass.png\" \n-00016060: 696e 2074 6865 0a22 6772 7562 2f74 6865 in the.\"grub/the\n-00016070: 6d65 732f 6963 6f6e 7322 2064 6972 6563 mes/icons\" direc\n-00016080: 746f 7279 2c20 6974 2077 696c 6c20 6265 tory, it will be\n-00016090: 2064 6973 706c 6179 6564 2066 6f72 2069 displayed for i\n-000160a0: 7465 6d73 2077 6869 6368 2068 6176 650a tems which have.\n-000160b0: 7468 6520 636c 6173 7320 2a6d 7963 6c61 the class *mycla\n-000160c0: 7373 2a2e 2020 5468 6520 626f 6f74 206d ss*. The boot m\n-000160d0: 656e 7520 6361 6e20 6265 2063 7573 746f enu can be custo\n-000160e0: 6d69 7a65 6420 696e 2073 6576 6572 616c mized in several\n-000160f0: 2077 6179 732c 0a73 7563 6820 6173 2074 ways,.such as t\n-00016100: 6865 2066 6f6e 7420 616e 6420 636f 6c6f he font and colo\n-00016110: 7220 7573 6564 2066 6f72 2074 6865 206d r used for the m\n-00016120: 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 7469 746c 652c enu entry title,\n-00016130: 2061 6e64 2062 790a 7370 6563 6966 7969 and by.specifyi\n-00016140: 6e67 2073 7479 6c65 6420 626f 7865 7320 ng styled boxes \n-00016150: 666f 7220 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2069 7473 for the menu its\n-00016160: 656c 6620 616e 6420 666f 7220 7468 6520 elf and for the \n-00016170: 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2069 7465 6d0a 6869 selected item.hi\n-00016180: 6768 6c69 6768 742e 0a0a 372e 322e 3720 ghlight...7.2.7 \n-00016190: 5374 796c 6564 2042 6f78 6573 0a2d 2d2d Styled Boxes.---\n-000161a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n-000161b0: 0a4f 6e65 206f 6620 7468 6520 6d6f 7374 .One of the most\n-000161c0: 2069 6d70 6f72 7461 6e74 2066 6561 7475 important featu\n-000161d0: 7265 7320 666f 7220 6375 7374 6f6d 697a res for customiz\n-000161e0: 696e 6720 7468 6520 6c61 796f 7574 2069 ing the layout i\n-000161f0: 7320 7468 6520 7573 650a 6f66 202a 7374 s the use.of *st\n-00016200: 796c 6564 2062 6f78 6573 2a2e 2020 4120 yled boxes*. A \n-00016210: 7374 796c 6564 2062 6f78 2069 7320 636f styled box is co\n-00016220: 6d70 6f73 6564 206f 6620 3920 7265 6374 mposed of 9 rect\n-00016230: 616e 6775 6c61 7220 2861 6e64 0a70 6f74 angular (and.pot\n-00016240: 656e 7469 616c 6c79 2065 6d70 7479 2920 entially empty) \n-00016250: 7265 6769 6f6e 732c 2077 6869 6368 2061 regions, which a\n-00016260: 7265 2075 7365 6420 746f 2073 6561 6d6c re used to seaml\n-00016270: 6573 736c 7920 6472 6177 2074 6865 2073 essly draw the s\n-00016280: 7479 6c65 640a 626f 7820 6f6e 2073 6372 tyled.box on scr\n-00016290: 6565 6e3a 0a0a 4e6f 7274 6877 6573 7420 een:..Northwest \n-000162a0: 286e 7729 2020 2020 2020 2020 204e 6f72 (nw) Nor\n-000162b0: 7468 2028 6e29 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 th (n) \n-000162c0: 2020 2020 4e6f 7274 6865 6173 7420 286e Northeast (n\n-000162d0: 6529 0a57 6573 7420 2877 2920 2020 2020 e).West (w) \n-000162e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4365 6e74 6572 Center\n-000162f0: 2028 6329 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 (c) \n-00016300: 2045 6173 7420 2865 290a 536f 7574 6877 East (e).Southw\n-00016310: 6573 7420 2873 7729 2020 2020 2020 2020 est (sw) \n-00016320: 2053 6f75 7468 2028 7329 2020 2020 2020 South (s) \n-00016330: 2020 2020 2020 2020 536f 7574 6865 6173 Southeas\n-00016340: 7420 2873 6529 0a0a 2020 2054 6f20 7375 t (se).. To su\n-00016350: 7070 6f72 7420 616e 7920 7369 7a65 206f pport any size o\n-00016360: 6620 626f 7820 6f6e 2073 6372 6565 6e2c f box on screen,\n-00016370: 2074 6865 2063 656e 7465 7220 736c 6963 the center slic\n-00016380: 6520 616e 6420 7468 6520 736c 6963 6573 e and the slices\n-00016390: 0a66 6f72 2074 6865 2074 6f70 2c20 626f .for the top, bo\n-000163a0: 7474 6f6d 2c20 616e 6420 7369 6465 7320 ttom, and sides \n-000163b0: 6172 6520 616c 6c20 7363 616c 6564 2074 are all scaled t\n-000163c0: 6f20 7468 6520 636f 7272 6563 7420 7369 o the correct si\n-000163d0: 7a65 2066 6f72 0a74 6865 2063 6f6d 706f ze for.the compo\n-000163e0: 6e65 6e74 206f 6e20 7363 7265 656e 2c20 nent on screen, \n-000163f0: 7573 696e 6720 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 using the follow\n-00016400: 696e 6720 7275 6c65 733a 0a0a 2020 312e ing rules:.. 1.\n-00016410: 2054 6865 2065 6467 6520 736c 6963 6573 The edge slices\n-00016420: 2028 6e6f 7274 682c 2073 6f75 7468 2c20 (north, south, \n-00016430: 6561 7374 2c20 616e 6420 7765 7374 2920 east, and west) \n-00016440: 6172 6520 7363 616c 6564 2069 6e20 7468 are scaled in th\n-00016450: 650a 2020 2020 2064 6972 6563 7469 6f6e e. direction\n-00016460: 206f 6620 7468 6520 6564 6765 2074 6865 of the edge the\n-00016470: 7920 6172 6520 6164 6a61 6365 6e74 2074 y are adjacent t\n-00016480: 6f2e 2020 466f 7220 696e 7374 616e 6365 o. For instance\n-00016490: 2c20 7468 6520 7765 7374 0a20 2020 2020 , the west. \n-000164a0: 736c 6963 6520 6973 2073 6361 6c65 6420 slice is scaled \n-000164b0: 7665 7274 6963 616c 6c79 2e0a 2020 322e vertically.. 2.\n-000164c0: 2054 6865 2063 6f72 6e65 7220 736c 6963 The corner slic\n-000164d0: 6573 2028 6e6f 7274 6877 6573 742c 206e es (northwest, n\n-000164e0: 6f72 7468 6561 7374 2c20 736f 7574 6865 ortheast, southe\n-000164f0: 6173 742c 2061 6e64 2073 6f75 7468 7765 ast, and southwe\n-00016500: 7374 290a 2020 2020 2061 7265 206e 6f74 st). are not\n-00016510: 2073 6361 6c65 642e 0a20 2033 2e20 5468 scaled.. 3. Th\n-00016520: 6520 6365 6e74 6572 2073 6c69 6365 2069 e center slice i\n-00016530: 7320 7363 616c 6564 2074 6f20 6669 6c6c s scaled to fill\n-00016540: 2074 6865 2072 656d 6169 6e69 6e67 2073 the remaining s\n-00016550: 7061 6365 2069 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 pace in the. \n-00016560: 206d 6964 646c 652e 0a0a 2020 2041 7320 middle... As \n-00016570: 616e 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 206f 6620 686f an example of ho\n-00016580: 7720 616e 2069 6d61 6765 206d 6967 6874 w an image might\n-00016590: 2062 6520 736c 6963 6564 2075 702c 2063 be sliced up, c\n-000165a0: 6f6e 7369 6465 7220 7468 6520 7374 796c onsider the styl\n-000165b0: 6564 0a62 6f78 2075 7365 6420 666f 7220 ed.box used for \n-000165c0: 6120 7465 726d 696e 616c 2076 6965 772e a terminal view.\n-000165d0: 0a0a 4669 6775 7265 2037 2e33 0a37 2e32 ..Figure 7.3.7.2\n-000165e0: 2e38 2043 7265 6174 696e 6720 5374 796c .8 Creating Styl\n-000165f0: 6564 2042 6f78 2049 6d61 6765 730a 2d2d ed Box Images.--\n+00015b90: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6520 6369 --------..The ci\n+00015ba0: 7263 756c 6172 2070 726f 6772 6573 7320 rcular progress \n+00015bb0: 696e 6469 6361 746f 7220 6675 6e63 7469 indicator functi\n+00015bc0: 6f6e 7320 7369 6d69 6c61 726c 7920 746f ons similarly to\n+00015bd0: 2074 6865 2070 726f 6772 6573 7320 6261 the progress ba\n+00015be0: 722e 0a57 6865 6e20 6769 7665 6e20 616e r..When given an\n+00015bf0: 2069 6420 6f66 2022 5f5f 7469 6d65 6f75 id of \"__timeou\n+00015c00: 745f 5f22 2c20 4752 5542 2075 7064 6174 t__\", GRUB updat\n+00015c10: 6573 2074 6865 2063 6972 6375 6c61 7220 es the circular \n+00015c20: 7072 6f67 7265 7373 0a69 6e64 6963 6174 progress.indicat\n+00015c30: 6f72 2773 2076 616c 7565 2074 6f20 696e or's value to in\n+00015c40: 6469 6361 7465 2074 6865 2074 696d 6520 dicate the time \n+00015c50: 7265 6d61 696e 696e 672e 2020 466f 7220 remaining. For \n+00015c60: 7468 6520 6369 7263 756c 6172 0a70 726f the circular.pro\n+00015c70: 6772 6573 7320 696e 6469 6361 746f 722c gress indicator,\n+00015c80: 2074 6865 7265 2061 7265 2074 776f 2069 there are two i\n+00015c90: 6d61 6765 7320 7573 6564 2074 6f20 7265 mages used to re\n+00015ca0: 6e64 6572 2069 743a 2074 6865 202a 6365 nder it: the *ce\n+00015cb0: 6e74 6572 2a0a 696d 6167 652c 2061 6e64 nter*.image, and\n+00015cc0: 2074 6865 202a 7469 636b 2a20 696d 6167 the *tick* imag\n+00015cd0: 652e 2020 5468 6520 6365 6e74 6572 2069 e. The center i\n+00015ce0: 6d61 6765 2069 7320 7265 6e64 6572 6564 mage is rendered\n+00015cf0: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6365 6e74 6572 0a6f in the center.o\n+00015d00: 6620 7468 6520 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 742c f the component,\n+00015d10: 2077 6869 6c65 2074 6865 2074 6963 6b20 while the tick \n+00015d20: 696d 6167 6520 6973 2075 7365 6420 746f image is used to\n+00015d30: 2072 656e 6465 7220 6561 6368 206d 6172 render each mar\n+00015d40: 6b20 616c 6f6e 670a 7468 6520 6369 7263 k along.the circ\n+00015d50: 756d 6665 7265 6e63 6520 6f66 2074 6865 umference of the\n+00015d60: 2069 6e64 6963 6174 6f72 2e0a 0a37 2e32 indicator...7.2\n+00015d70: 2e35 204c 6162 656c 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .5 Labels.------\n+00015d80: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5465 7874 206c 6162 ------..Text lab\n+00015d90: 656c 7320 6361 6e20 6265 2070 6c61 6365 els can be place\n+00015da0: 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 7363 d on the boot sc\n+00015db0: 7265 656e 2e20 2054 6865 2066 6f6e 742c reen. The font,\n+00015dc0: 2063 6f6c 6f72 2c20 616e 640a 686f 7269 color, and.hori\n+00015dd0: 7a6f 6e74 616c 2061 6c69 676e 6d65 6e74 zontal alignment\n+00015de0: 2063 616e 2062 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 can be specifie\n+00015df0: 6420 666f 7220 6c61 6265 6c73 2e20 2049 d for labels. I\n+00015e00: 6620 6120 6c61 6265 6c20 6973 2067 6976 f a label is giv\n+00015e10: 656e 0a74 6865 2069 6420 225f 5f74 696d en.the id \"__tim\n+00015e20: 656f 7574 5f5f 222c 2074 6865 6e20 7468 eout__\", then th\n+00015e30: 6520 2274 6578 7422 2070 726f 7065 7274 e \"text\" propert\n+00015e40: 7920 666f 7220 7468 6174 206c 6162 656c y for that label\n+00015e50: 2069 7320 616c 736f 0a75 7064 6174 6564 is also.updated\n+00015e60: 2077 6974 6820 6120 6d65 7373 6167 6520 with a message \n+00015e70: 696e 666f 726d 696e 6720 7468 6520 7573 informing the us\n+00015e80: 6572 206f 6620 7468 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 er of the number\n+00015e90: 206f 6620 7365 636f 6e64 730a 7265 6d61 of seconds.rema\n+00015ea0: 696e 696e 6720 756e 7469 6c20 6175 746f ining until auto\n+00015eb0: 6d61 7469 6320 626f 6f74 2e20 2054 6869 matic boot. Thi\n+00015ec0: 7320 6973 2075 7365 6675 6c20 696e 2063 s is useful in c\n+00015ed0: 6173 6520 796f 7520 7761 6e74 2074 6865 ase you want the\n+00015ee0: 0a74 6578 7420 6469 7370 6c61 7965 6420 .text displayed \n+00015ef0: 736f 6d65 7768 6572 6520 656c 7365 2069 somewhere else i\n+00015f00: 6e73 7465 6164 206f 6620 6469 7265 6374 nstead of direct\n+00015f10: 6c79 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7072 6f67 7265 ly on the progre\n+00015f20: 7373 2062 6172 2e0a 0a37 2e32 2e36 2042 ss bar...7.2.6 B\n+00015f30: 6f6f 7420 4d65 6e75 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d oot Menu.-------\n+00015f40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6520 626f --------..The bo\n+00015f50: 6f74 206d 656e 7520 7768 6572 6520 4752 ot menu where GR\n+00015f60: 5542 2064 6973 706c 6179 7320 7468 6520 UB displays the \n+00015f70: 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 6573 2066 726f menu entries fro\n+00015f80: 6d20 7468 6520 2267 7275 622e 6366 6722 m the \"grub.cfg\"\n+00015f90: 0a66 696c 652e 2020 4974 2069 7320 6120 .file. It is a \n+00015fa0: 6c69 7374 206f 6620 6974 656d 732c 2077 list of items, w\n+00015fb0: 6865 7265 2065 6163 6820 6974 656d 2068 here each item h\n+00015fc0: 6173 2061 2074 6974 6c65 2061 6e64 2061 as a title and a\n+00015fd0: 6e0a 6f70 7469 6f6e 616c 2069 636f 6e2e n.optional icon.\n+00015fe0: 2020 5468 6520 6963 6f6e 2069 7320 7365 The icon is se\n+00015ff0: 6c65 6374 6564 2062 6173 6564 206f 6e20 lected based on \n+00016000: 7468 6520 2a63 6c61 7373 6573 2a20 7370 the *classes* sp\n+00016010: 6563 6966 6965 640a 666f 7220 7468 6520 ecified.for the \n+00016020: 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 2e20 2049 6620 menu entry. If \n+00016030: 7468 6572 6520 6973 2061 2050 4e47 2066 there is a PNG f\n+00016040: 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 6420 226d 7963 6c61 ile named \"mycla\n+00016050: 7373 2e70 6e67 2220 696e 2074 6865 0a22 ss.png\" in the.\"\n+00016060: 6772 7562 2f74 6865 6d65 732f 6963 6f6e grub/themes/icon\n+00016070: 7322 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2c20 6974 s\" directory, it\n+00016080: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2064 6973 706c 6179 will be display\n+00016090: 6564 2066 6f72 2069 7465 6d73 2077 6869 ed for items whi\n+000160a0: 6368 2068 6176 650a 7468 6520 636c 6173 ch have.the clas\n+000160b0: 7320 2a6d 7963 6c61 7373 2a2e 2020 5468 s *myclass*. Th\n+000160c0: 6520 626f 6f74 206d 656e 7520 6361 6e20 e boot menu can \n+000160d0: 6265 2063 7573 746f 6d69 7a65 6420 696e be customized in\n+000160e0: 2073 6576 6572 616c 2077 6179 732c 0a73 several ways,.s\n+000160f0: 7563 6820 6173 2074 6865 2066 6f6e 7420 uch as the font \n+00016100: 616e 6420 636f 6c6f 7220 7573 6564 2066 and color used f\n+00016110: 6f72 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 or the menu entr\n+00016120: 7920 7469 746c 652c 2061 6e64 2062 790a y title, and by.\n+00016130: 7370 6563 6966 7969 6e67 2073 7479 6c65 specifying style\n+00016140: 6420 626f 7865 7320 666f 7220 7468 6520 d boxes for the \n+00016150: 6d65 6e75 2069 7473 656c 6620 616e 6420 menu itself and \n+00016160: 666f 7220 7468 6520 7365 6c65 6374 6564 for the selected\n+00016170: 2069 7465 6d0a 6869 6768 6c69 6768 742e item.highlight.\n+00016180: 0a0a 372e 322e 3720 5374 796c 6564 2042 ..7.2.7 Styled B\n+00016190: 6f78 6573 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d oxes.-----------\n+000161a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a4f 6e65 206f 6620 -------..One of \n+000161b0: 7468 6520 6d6f 7374 2069 6d70 6f72 7461 the most importa\n+000161c0: 6e74 2066 6561 7475 7265 7320 666f 7220 nt features for \n+000161d0: 6375 7374 6f6d 697a 696e 6720 7468 6520 customizing the \n+000161e0: 6c61 796f 7574 2069 7320 7468 6520 7573 layout is the us\n+000161f0: 650a 6f66 202a 7374 796c 6564 2062 6f78 e.of *styled box\n+00016200: 6573 2a2e 2020 4120 7374 796c 6564 2062 es*. A styled b\n+00016210: 6f78 2069 7320 636f 6d70 6f73 6564 206f ox is composed o\n+00016220: 6620 3920 7265 6374 616e 6775 6c61 7220 f 9 rectangular \n+00016230: 2861 6e64 0a70 6f74 656e 7469 616c 6c79 (and.potentially\n+00016240: 2065 6d70 7479 2920 7265 6769 6f6e 732c empty) regions,\n+00016250: 2077 6869 6368 2061 7265 2075 7365 6420 which are used \n+00016260: 746f 2073 6561 6d6c 6573 736c 7920 6472 to seamlessly dr\n+00016270: 6177 2074 6865 2073 7479 6c65 640a 626f aw the styled.bo\n+00016280: 7820 6f6e 2073 6372 6565 6e3a 0a0a 4e6f x on screen:..No\n+00016290: 7274 6877 6573 7420 286e 7729 2020 2020 rthwest (nw) \n+000162a0: 2020 2020 204e 6f72 7468 2028 6e29 2020 North (n) \n+000162b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4e6f 7274 Nort\n+000162c0: 6865 6173 7420 286e 6529 0a57 6573 7420 heast (ne).West \n+000162d0: 2877 2920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 (w) \n+000162e0: 2020 4365 6e74 6572 2028 6329 2020 2020 Center (c) \n+000162f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2045 6173 7420 2865 East (e\n+00016300: 290a 536f 7574 6877 6573 7420 2873 7729 ).Southwest (sw)\n+00016310: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 6f75 7468 2028 South (\n+00016320: 7329 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 s) \n+00016330: 536f 7574 6865 6173 7420 2873 6529 0a0a Southeast (se)..\n+00016340: 2020 2054 6f20 7375 7070 6f72 7420 616e To support an\n+00016350: 7920 7369 7a65 206f 6620 626f 7820 6f6e y size of box on\n+00016360: 2073 6372 6565 6e2c 2074 6865 2063 656e screen, the cen\n+00016370: 7465 7220 736c 6963 6520 616e 6420 7468 ter slice and th\n+00016380: 6520 736c 6963 6573 0a66 6f72 2074 6865 e slices.for the\n+00016390: 2074 6f70 2c20 626f 7474 6f6d 2c20 616e top, bottom, an\n+000163a0: 6420 7369 6465 7320 6172 6520 616c 6c20 d sides are all \n+000163b0: 7363 616c 6564 2074 6f20 7468 6520 636f scaled to the co\n+000163c0: 7272 6563 7420 7369 7a65 2066 6f72 0a74 rrect size for.t\n+000163d0: 6865 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 206f 6e20 he component on \n+000163e0: 7363 7265 656e 2c20 7573 696e 6720 7468 screen, using th\n+000163f0: 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 7275 6c65 e following rule\n+00016400: 733a 0a0a 2020 312e 2054 6865 2065 6467 s:.. 1. The edg\n+00016410: 6520 736c 6963 6573 2028 6e6f 7274 682c e slices (north,\n+00016420: 2073 6f75 7468 2c20 6561 7374 2c20 616e south, east, an\n+00016430: 6420 7765 7374 2920 6172 6520 7363 616c d west) are scal\n+00016440: 6564 2069 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2064 ed in the. d\n+00016450: 6972 6563 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 irection of the \n+00016460: 6564 6765 2074 6865 7920 6172 6520 6164 edge they are ad\n+00016470: 6a61 6365 6e74 2074 6f2e 2020 466f 7220 jacent to. For \n+00016480: 696e 7374 616e 6365 2c20 7468 6520 7765 instance, the we\n+00016490: 7374 0a20 2020 2020 736c 6963 6520 6973 st. slice is\n+000164a0: 2073 6361 6c65 6420 7665 7274 6963 616c scaled vertical\n+000164b0: 6c79 2e0a 2020 322e 2054 6865 2063 6f72 ly.. 2. The cor\n+000164c0: 6e65 7220 736c 6963 6573 2028 6e6f 7274 ner slices (nort\n+000164d0: 6877 6573 742c 206e 6f72 7468 6561 7374 hwest, northeast\n+000164e0: 2c20 736f 7574 6865 6173 742c 2061 6e64 , southeast, and\n+000164f0: 2073 6f75 7468 7765 7374 290a 2020 2020 southwest). \n+00016500: 2061 7265 206e 6f74 2073 6361 6c65 642e are not scaled.\n+00016510: 0a20 2033 2e20 5468 6520 6365 6e74 6572 . 3. The center\n+00016520: 2073 6c69 6365 2069 7320 7363 616c 6564 slice is scaled\n+00016530: 2074 6f20 6669 6c6c 2074 6865 2072 656d to fill the rem\n+00016540: 6169 6e69 6e67 2073 7061 6365 2069 6e20 aining space in \n+00016550: 7468 650a 2020 2020 206d 6964 646c 652e the. middle.\n+00016560: 0a0a 2020 2041 7320 616e 2065 7861 6d70 .. 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One process\n-00016690: 2074 6861 7420 776f 726b 7320 7765 6c6c that works well\n-000166a0: 2066 6f72 2073 6c69 6369 6e67 2061 0a64 for slicing a.d\n-000166b0: 7261 7769 6e67 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 rawing into the \n-000166c0: 6e65 6365 7373 6172 7920 696d 6167 6520 necessary image \n-000166d0: 736c 6963 6573 2069 733a 0a0a 2020 312e slices is:.. 1.\n-000166e0: 2043 7265 6174 6520 6f72 206f 7065 6e20 Create or open \n-000166f0: 7468 6520 6472 6177 696e 6720 796f 7527 the drawing you'\n-00016700: 6420 6c69 6b65 2075 7365 2e0a 2020 322e d like use.. 2.\n-00016710: 2043 7265 6174 6520 6120 6e65 7720 6c61 Create a new la\n-00016720: 7965 7220 6f6e 2074 6865 2074 6f70 206f yer on the top o\n-00016730: 6620 7468 6520 6c61 7965 7220 7374 6163 f the layer stac\n-00016740: 6b2e 2020 4d61 6b65 2069 7420 7669 7369 k. Make it visi\n-00016750: 626c 652e 0a20 2020 2020 5365 6c65 6374 ble.. Select\n-00016760: 2074 6869 7320 6c61 7965 7220 6173 2074 this layer as t\n-00016770: 6865 2063 7572 7265 6e74 206c 6179 6572 he current layer\n-00016780: 2e0a 2020 332e 2044 7261 7720 3920 7265 .. 3. Draw 9 re\n-00016790: 6374 616e 676c 6573 206f 6e20 796f 7572 ctangles on your\n-000167a0: 2064 7261 7769 6e67 2077 6865 7265 2079 drawing where y\n-000167b0: 6f75 2764 206c 696b 6520 7468 6520 736c ou'd like the sl\n-000167c0: 6963 6573 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2062 652e ices to. be.\n-000167d0: 2020 436c 6561 7220 7468 6520 6669 6c6c Clear the fill\n-000167e0: 206f 7074 696f 6e2c 2061 6e64 2073 6574 option, and set\n-000167f0: 2074 6865 2073 7472 6f6b 6520 746f 2031 the stroke to 1\n-00016800: 2070 6978 656c 2077 6964 650a 2020 2020 pixel wide. \n-00016810: 2073 6f6c 6964 2073 7472 6f6b 652e 2020 solid stroke. \n-00016820: 5468 6520 636f 726e 6572 7320 6f66 2074 The corners of t\n-00016830: 6865 2073 6c69 6365 7320 6d75 7374 206d he slices must m\n-00016840: 6565 7420 7072 6563 6973 656c 793b 2069 eet precisely; i\n-00016850: 6620 6974 0a20 2020 2020 6973 206f 6666 f it. is off\n-00016860: 2062 7920 6120 7369 6e67 6c65 2070 6978 by a single pix\n-00016870: 656c 2c20 6974 2077 696c 6c20 7072 6f62 el, it will prob\n-00016880: 6162 6c79 2062 6520 6576 6964 656e 7420 ably be evident \n-00016890: 7768 656e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 7374 when the. st\n-000168a0: 796c 6564 2062 6f78 2069 7320 7265 6e64 yled box is rend\n-000168b0: 6572 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 4752 5542 ered in the GRUB\n-000168c0: 206d 656e 752e 2020 596f 7520 7368 6f75 menu. You shou\n-000168d0: 6c64 2070 726f 6261 626c 7920 676f 2074 ld probably go t\n-000168e0: 6f0a 2020 2020 2046 696c 6520 7c20 446f o. File | Do\n-000168f0: 6375 6d65 6e74 2050 726f 7065 7274 6965 cument Propertie\n-00016900: 7320 7c20 4772 6964 7320 616e 6420 656e s | Grids and en\n-00016910: 6162 6c65 2061 2067 7269 6420 6f72 2063 able a grid or c\n-00016920: 7265 6174 6520 610a 2020 2020 2067 7569 reate a. gui\n-00016930: 6465 2028 636c 6963 6b20 6f6e 206f 6e65 de (click on one\n-00016940: 206f 6620 7468 6520 7275 6c65 7273 206e of the rulers n\n-00016950: 6578 7420 746f 2074 6865 2064 7261 7769 ext to the drawi\n-00016960: 6e67 2061 6e64 2064 7261 6720 6f76 6572 ng and drag over\n-00016970: 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 6472 6177 696e . the drawin\n-00016980: 673b 2072 656c 6561 7365 2074 6865 206d g; release the m\n-00016990: 6f75 7365 2062 7574 746f 6e20 746f 2070 ouse button to p\n-000169a0: 6c61 6365 2074 6865 2067 7569 6465 2920 lace the guide) \n-000169b0: 746f 2068 656c 700a 2020 2020 2070 6c61 to help. pla\n-000169c0: 6365 2074 6865 2072 6563 7461 6e67 6c65 ce the rectangle\n-000169d0: 7320 7072 6563 6973 656c 792e 0a20 2034 s precisely.. 4\n-000169e0: 2e20 5269 6768 7420 636c 6963 6b20 6f6e . Right click on\n-000169f0: 2074 6865 2063 656e 7465 7220 736c 6963 the center slic\n-00016a00: 6520 7265 6374 616e 676c 6520 616e 6420 e rectangle and \n-00016a10: 6368 6f6f 7365 204f 626a 6563 740a 2020 choose Object. \n-00016a20: 2020 2050 726f 7065 7274 6965 732e 2020 Properties. \n-00016a30: 4368 616e 6765 2074 6865 2022 4964 2220 Change the \"Id\" \n-00016a40: 746f 2022 736c 6963 655f 6322 2061 6e64 to \"slice_c\" and\n-00016a50: 2063 6c69 636b 2053 6574 2e20 2052 6570 click Set. Rep\n-00016a60: 6561 740a 2020 2020 2074 6869 7320 666f eat. this fo\n-00016a70: 7220 7468 6520 7265 6d61 696e 696e 6720 r the remaining \n-00016a80: 3820 7265 6374 616e 676c 6573 2c20 6769 8 rectangles, gi\n-00016a90: 7669 6e67 2074 6865 6d20 4964 2076 616c ving them Id val\n-00016aa0: 7565 7320 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 2273 6c69 ues of. \"sli\n-00016ab0: 6365 5f6e 222c 2022 736c 6963 655f 6e65 ce_n\", \"slice_ne\n-00016ac0: 222c 2022 736c 6963 655f 6522 2c20 616e \", \"slice_e\", an\n-00016ad0: 6420 736f 206f 6e20 6163 636f 7264 696e d so on accordin\n-00016ae0: 6720 746f 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6c6f g to the. lo\n-00016af0: 6361 7469 6f6e 2e0a 2020 352e 2053 6176 cation.. 5. Sav\n-00016b00: 6520 7468 6520 6472 6177 696e 672e 0a20 e the drawing.. \n-00016b10: 2036 2e20 5365 6c65 6374 2061 6c6c 2074 6. Select all t\n-00016b20: 6865 2073 6c69 6365 2072 6563 7461 6e67 he slice rectang\n-00016b30: 6c65 732e 2020 5769 7468 2074 6865 2073 les. With the s\n-00016b40: 6c69 6365 206c 6179 6572 2073 656c 6563 lice layer selec\n-00016b50: 7465 642c 0a20 2020 2020 796f 7520 6361 ted,. you ca\n-00016b60: 6e20 7369 6d70 6c79 2070 7265 7373 2043 n simply press C\n-00016b70: 7472 6c2b 4120 746f 2073 656c 6563 7420 trl+A to select \n-00016b80: 616c 6c20 7265 6374 616e 676c 6573 2e20 all rectangles. \n-00016b90: 2054 6865 2073 7461 7475 730a 2020 2020 The status. \n-00016ba0: 2062 6172 2073 686f 756c 6420 696e 6469 bar should indi\n-00016bb0: 6361 7465 2074 6861 7420 3920 7265 6374 cate that 9 rect\n-00016bc0: 616e 676c 6573 2061 7265 2073 656c 6563 angles are selec\n-00016bd0: 7465 642e 0a20 2037 2e20 436c 6963 6b20 ted.. 7. Click \n-00016be0: 7468 6520 6c61 7965 7220 6869 6465 2069 the layer hide i\n-00016bf0: 636f 6e20 666f 7220 7468 6520 736c 6963 con for the slic\n-00016c00: 6520 6c61 7965 7220 696e 2074 6865 206c e layer in the l\n-00016c10: 6179 6572 2070 616c 6574 7465 2e0a 2020 ayer palette.. \n-00016c20: 2020 2054 6865 2072 6563 7461 6e67 6c65 The rectangle\n-00016c30: 7320 7769 6c6c 2072 656d 6169 6e20 7365 s will remain se\n-00016c40: 6c65 6374 6564 2c20 6576 656e 2074 686f lected, even tho\n-00016c50: 7567 6820 7468 6579 2061 7265 2068 6964 ugh they are hid\n-00016c60: 6465 6e2e 0a20 2038 2e20 4368 6f6f 7365 den.. 8. Choose\n-00016c70: 2046 696c 6520 7c20 4578 706f 7274 2042 File | Export B\n-00016c80: 6974 6d61 7020 616e 6420 6368 6563 6b20 itmap and check \n-00016c90: 7468 6520 2a42 6174 6368 2065 7870 6f72 the *Batch expor\n-00016ca0: 7420 3920 7365 6c65 6374 6564 0a20 2020 t 9 selected. \n-00016cb0: 2020 6f62 6a65 6374 732a 2062 6f78 2e20 objects* box. \n-00016cc0: 204d 616b 6520 7375 7265 2074 6861 7420 Make sure that \n-00016cd0: 2a48 6964 6520 616c 6c20 6578 6365 7074 *Hide all except\n-00016ce0: 2073 656c 6563 7465 642a 2069 730a 2020 selected* is. \n-00016cf0: 2020 2075 6e63 6865 636b 6564 2e20 2063 unchecked. c\n-00016d00: 6c69 636b 202a 4578 706f 7274 2a2e 2020 lick *Export*. \n-00016d10: 5468 6973 2077 696c 6c20 6372 6561 7465 This will create\n-00016d20: 2050 4e47 2066 696c 6573 2069 6e20 7468 PNG files in th\n-00016d30: 6520 7361 6d65 0a20 2020 2020 6469 7265 e same. dire\n-00016d40: 6374 6f72 7920 6173 2074 6865 2064 7261 ctory as the dra\n-00016d50: 7769 6e67 2c20 6e61 6d65 6420 6166 7465 wing, named afte\n-00016d60: 7220 7468 6520 736c 6963 6573 2e20 2054 r the slices. T\n-00016d70: 6865 7365 2063 616e 206e 6f77 2062 650a hese can now be.\n-00016d80: 2020 2020 2075 7365 6420 666f 7220 6120 used for a \n-00016d90: 7374 796c 6564 2062 6f78 2069 6e20 6120 styled box in a \n-00016da0: 4752 5542 2074 6865 6d65 2e0a 0a37 2e33 GRUB theme...7.3\n-00016db0: 2054 6865 6d65 2046 696c 6520 4d61 6e75 Theme File Manu\n-00016dc0: 616c 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d al.=============\n-00016dd0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 7468 ========..The th\n-00016de0: 656d 6520 6669 6c65 2069 7320 6120 706c eme file is a pl\n-00016df0: 6169 6e20 7465 7874 2066 696c 652e 2020 ain text file. \n-00016e00: 4c69 6e65 7320 7468 6174 2062 6567 696e Lines that begin\n-00016e10: 2077 6974 6820 2223 2220 6172 650a 6967 with \"#\" are.ig\n-00016e20: 6e6f 7265 6420 616e 6420 636f 6e73 6964 nored and consid\n-00016e30: 6572 6564 2063 6f6d 6d65 6e74 732e 2020 ered comments. \n-00016e40: 284e 6f74 653a 2054 6869 7320 6d61 7920 (Note: This may \n-00016e50: 6e6f 7420 6265 2074 6865 2063 6173 6520 not be the case \n-00016e60: 6966 2074 6865 0a70 7265 7669 6f75 7320 if the.previous \n-00016e70: 6c69 6e65 2065 6e64 6564 2077 6865 7265 line ended where\n-00016e80: 2061 2076 616c 7565 2077 6173 2065 7870 a value was exp\n-00016e90: 6563 7465 642e 290a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 ected.).. The \n-00016ea0: 7468 656d 6520 6669 6c65 2063 6f6e 7461 theme file conta\n-00016eb0: 696e 7320 7477 6f20 7479 7065 7320 6f66 ins two types of\n-00016ec0: 2073 7461 7465 6d65 6e74 733a 0a20 2031 statements:. 1\n-00016ed0: 2e20 476c 6f62 616c 2070 726f 7065 7274 . Global propert\n-00016ee0: 6965 732e 0a20 2032 2e20 436f 6d70 6f6e ies.. 2. Compon\n-00016ef0: 656e 7420 636f 6e73 7472 7563 7469 6f6e ent construction\n-00016f00: 2e0a 0a37 2e33 2e31 2047 6c6f 6261 6c20 ...7.3.1 Global \n-00016f10: 5072 6f70 6572 7469 6573 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d Properties.-----\n-00016f20: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00016f30: 2d2d 0a0a 372e 332e 3220 466f 726d 6174 --..7.3.2 Format\n-00016f40: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a47 .------------..G\n-00016f50: 6c6f 6261 6c20 7072 6f70 6572 7469 6573 lobal properties\n-00016f60: 2061 7265 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2077 are specified w\n-00016f70: 6974 6820 7468 6520 7369 6d70 6c65 2066 ith the simple f\n-00016f80: 6f72 6d61 743a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6e61 ormat:. ... na\n-00016f90: 6d65 313a 2076 616c 7565 310a 2020 20e2 me1: value1. .\n-00016fa0: 80a2 206e 616d 6532 3a20 2276 616c 7565 .. name2: \"value\n-00016fb0: 2077 6869 6368 206d 6179 2063 6f6e 7461 which may conta\n-00016fc0: 696e 2073 7061 6365 7322 0a20 2020 e280 in spaces\". ..\n-00016fd0: a220 6e61 6d65 333a 2023 3838 460a 0a20 . name3: #88F.. \n-00016fe0: 2020 496e 2074 6869 7320 6578 616d 706c In this exampl\n-00016ff0: 652c 206e 616d 6533 2069 7320 6173 7369 e, name3 is assi\n-00017000: 676e 6564 2061 2063 6f6c 6f72 2076 616c gned a color val\n-00017010: 7565 2e0a 0a37 2e33 2e33 2047 6c6f 6261 ue...7.3.3 Globa\n-00017020: 6c20 5072 6f70 6572 7479 204c 6973 740a l Property List.\n+00016610: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6520 496e 6b73 ------..The Inks\n+00016620: 6361 7065 5f20 7363 616c 6162 6c65 2076 cape_ scalable v\n+00016630: 6563 746f 7220 6772 6170 6869 6373 2065 ector graphics e\n+00016640: 6469 746f 7220 6973 2061 2076 6572 7920 ditor is a very \n+00016650: 7573 6566 756c 2074 6f6f 6c20 666f 720a useful tool for.\n+00016660: 6372 6561 7469 6e67 2073 7479 6c65 6420 creating styled \n+00016670: 626f 7820 696d 6167 6573 2e20 204f 6e65 box images. One\n+00016680: 2070 726f 6365 7373 2074 6861 7420 776f process that wo\n+00016690: 726b 7320 7765 6c6c 2066 6f72 2073 6c69 rks well for sli\n+000166a0: 6369 6e67 2061 0a64 7261 7769 6e67 2069 cing a.drawing i\n+000166b0: 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 6e65 6365 7373 6172 nto the necessar\n+000166c0: 7920 696d 6167 6520 736c 6963 6573 2069 y image slices i\n+000166d0: 733a 0a0a 2020 312e 2043 7265 6174 6520 s:.. 1. Create \n+000166e0: 6f72 206f 7065 6e20 7468 6520 6472 6177 or open the draw\n+000166f0: 696e 6720 796f 7527 6420 6c69 6b65 2075 ing you'd like u\n+00016700: 7365 2e0a 2020 322e 2043 7265 6174 6520 se.. 2. Create \n+00016710: 6120 6e65 7720 6c61 7965 7220 6f6e 2074 a new layer on t\n+00016720: 6865 2074 6f70 206f 6620 7468 6520 6c61 he top of the la\n+00016730: 7965 7220 7374 6163 6b2e 2020 4d61 6b65 yer stack. Make\n+00016740: 2069 7420 7669 7369 626c 652e 0a20 2020 it visible.. \n+00016750: 2020 5365 6c65 6374 2074 6869 7320 6c61 Select this la\n+00016760: 7965 7220 6173 2074 6865 2063 7572 7265 yer as the curre\n+00016770: 6e74 206c 6179 6572 2e0a 2020 332e 2044 nt layer.. 3. D\n+00016780: 7261 7720 3920 7265 6374 616e 676c 6573 raw 9 rectangles\n+00016790: 206f 6e20 796f 7572 2064 7261 7769 6e67 on your drawing\n+000167a0: 2077 6865 7265 2079 6f75 2764 206c 696b where you'd lik\n+000167b0: 6520 7468 6520 736c 6963 6573 2074 6f0a e the slices to.\n+000167c0: 2020 2020 2062 652e 2020 436c 6561 7220 be. Clear \n+000167d0: 7468 6520 6669 6c6c 206f 7074 696f 6e2c the fill option,\n+000167e0: 2061 6e64 2073 6574 2074 6865 2073 7472 and set the str\n+000167f0: 6f6b 6520 746f 2031 2070 6978 656c 2077 oke to 1 pixel w\n+00016800: 6964 650a 2020 2020 2073 6f6c 6964 2073 ide. solid s\n+00016810: 7472 6f6b 652e 2020 5468 6520 636f 726e troke. The corn\n+00016820: 6572 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2073 6c69 6365 ers of the slice\n+00016830: 7320 6d75 7374 206d 6565 7420 7072 6563 s must meet prec\n+00016840: 6973 656c 793b 2069 6620 6974 0a20 2020 isely; if it. \n+00016850: 2020 6973 206f 6666 2062 7920 6120 7369 is off by a si\n+00016860: 6e67 6c65 2070 6978 656c 2c20 6974 2077 ngle pixel, it w\n+00016870: 696c 6c20 7072 6f62 6162 6c79 2062 6520 ill probably be \n+00016880: 6576 6964 656e 7420 7768 656e 2074 6865 evident when the\n+00016890: 0a20 2020 2020 7374 796c 6564 2062 6f78 . styled box\n+000168a0: 2069 7320 7265 6e64 6572 6564 2069 6e20 is rendered in \n+000168b0: 7468 6520 4752 5542 206d 656e 752e 2020 the GRUB menu. \n+000168c0: 596f 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 2070 726f 6261 You should proba\n+000168d0: 626c 7920 676f 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2046 bly go to. F\n+000168e0: 696c 6520 7c20 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2050 ile | Document P\n+000168f0: 726f 7065 7274 6965 7320 7c20 4772 6964 roperties | Grid\n+00016900: 7320 616e 6420 656e 6162 6c65 2061 2067 s and enable a g\n+00016910: 7269 6420 6f72 2063 7265 6174 6520 610a rid or create a.\n+00016920: 2020 2020 2067 7569 6465 2028 636c 6963 guide (clic\n+00016930: 6b20 6f6e 206f 6e65 206f 6620 7468 6520 k on one of the \n+00016940: 7275 6c65 7273 206e 6578 7420 746f 2074 rulers next to t\n+00016950: 6865 2064 7261 7769 6e67 2061 6e64 2064 he drawing and d\n+00016960: 7261 6720 6f76 6572 0a20 2020 2020 7468 rag over. th\n+00016970: 6520 6472 6177 696e 673b 2072 656c 6561 e drawing; relea\n+00016980: 7365 2074 6865 206d 6f75 7365 2062 7574 se the mouse but\n+00016990: 746f 6e20 746f 2070 6c61 6365 2074 6865 ton to place the\n+000169a0: 2067 7569 6465 2920 746f 2068 656c 700a guide) to help.\n+000169b0: 2020 2020 2070 6c61 6365 2074 6865 2072 place the r\n+000169c0: 6563 7461 6e67 6c65 7320 7072 6563 6973 ectangles precis\n+000169d0: 656c 792e 0a20 2034 2e20 5269 6768 7420 ely.. 4. 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For exam\n-00017ac0: 706c 652c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ple,. \n-00017ad0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2274 6572 \"ter\n-00017ae0: 6d69 6e61 6c2d 626f 783a 2074 6572 6d69 minal-box: termi\n-00017af0: 6e61 6c5f 2a2e 706e 6722 2077 696c 6c20 nal_*.png\" will \n-00017b00: 7573 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 use. \n-00017b10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6865 2069 the i\n-00017b20: 6d61 6765 7320 2274 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f mages \"terminal_\n-00017b30: 632e 706e 6722 2061 7320 7468 6520 6365 c.png\" as the ce\n-00017b40: 6e74 6572 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 nter. \n-00017b50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6172 6561 area\n-00017b60: 2c20 2274 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 6e2e 706e , \"terminal_n.pn\n-00017b70: 6722 2061 7320 7468 6520 6e6f 7274 6820 g\" as the north \n-00017b80: 2874 6f70 290a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 (top). \n-00017b90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2065 6467 edg\n-00017ba0: 652c 2022 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f6e 772e e, \"terminal_nw.\n-00017bb0: 706e 6722 2061 7320 7468 6520 6e6f 7274 png\" as the nort\n-00017bc0: 6877 6573 740a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 hwest. \n-00017bd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 7570 (up\n-00017be0: 7065 7220 6c65 6674 2920 636f 726e 6572 per left) corner\n-00017bf0: 2c20 616e 6420 736f 206f 6e2e 2020 4966 , and so on. If\n-00017c00: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 the. \n-00017c10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 696d 6167 imag\n-00017c20: 6520 666f 7220 616e 7920 736c 6963 6520 e for any slice \n-00017c30: 6973 206e 6f74 2066 6f75 6e64 2c20 6974 is not found, it\n-00017c40: 2077 696c 6c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 will. \n-00017c50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 696d sim\n-00017c60: 706c 7920 6265 206c 6566 7420 656d 7074 ply be left empt\n-00017c70: 792e 0a74 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2d 626f 7264 y..terminal-bord\n-00017c80: 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 5370 6563 6966 er Specif\n-00017c90: 6965 7320 7468 6520 626f 7264 6572 2077 ies the border w\n-00017ca0: 6964 7468 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 idth of the. \n-00017cb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00017cc0: 2020 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 7769 6e64 terminal wind\n-00017cd0: 6f77 2e0a 7465 726d 696e 616c 2d6c 6566 ow..terminal-lef\n-00017ce0: 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 7065 6369 t Speci\n-00017cf0: 6669 6573 2074 6865 206c 6566 7420 636f fies the left co\n-00017d00: 6f72 6469 6e61 7465 206f 6620 7468 650a ordinate of the.\n-00017d10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00017d20: 2020 2020 2020 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 terminal \n-00017d30: 7769 6e64 6f77 2e0a 7465 726d 696e 616c window..terminal\n-00017d40: 2d74 6f70 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 -top S\n-00017d50: 7065 6369 6669 6573 2074 6865 2074 6f70 pecifies the top\n-00017d60: 2063 6f6f 7264 696e 6174 6520 6f66 2074 coordinate of t\n-00017d70: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 he. \n-00017d80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7465 726d 696e termin\n-00017d90: 616c 2077 696e 646f 772e 0a74 6572 6d69 al window..termi\n-00017da0: 6e61 6c2d 7769 6474 6820 2020 2020 2020 nal-width \n-00017db0: 2020 5370 6563 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 Specifies the \n-00017dc0: 7769 6474 6820 6f66 2074 6865 2074 6572 width of the ter\n-00017dd0: 6d69 6e61 6c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 minal. \n-00017de0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2077 696e win\n-00017df0: 646f 772e 0a74 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2d 6865 dow..terminal-he\n-00017e00: 6967 6874 2020 2020 2020 2020 5370 6563 ight Spec\n-00017e10: 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 6865 6967 6874 ifies the height\n-00017e20: 206f 6620 7468 6520 7465 726d 696e 616c of the terminal\n-00017e30: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-00017e40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7769 6e64 6f77 2e0a window..\n-00017e50: 0a37 2e33 2e34 2043 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 .7.3.4 Component\n-00017e60: 2043 6f6e 7374 7275 6374 696f 6e0a 2d2d Construction.--\n+00017040: 2d2d 0a0a 7469 746c 652d 7465 7874 2020 --..title-text \n+00017050: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 7065 6369 Speci\n+00017060: 6669 6573 2074 6865 2074 6578 7420 746f fies the text to\n+00017070: 2064 6973 706c 6179 2061 7420 7468 6520 display at the \n+00017080: 746f 700a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 top. \n+00017090: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 656e 7465 cente\n+000170a0: 7220 6f66 2074 6865 2073 6372 6565 6e20 r of the screen \n+000170b0: 6173 2061 2074 6974 6c65 2e0a 7469 746c as a title..titl\n+000170c0: 652d 666f 6e74 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e-font \n+000170d0: 2020 2044 6566 696e 6573 2074 6865 2066 Defines the f\n+000170e0: 6f6e 7420 7573 6564 2066 6f72 2074 6865 ont used for the\n+000170f0: 2074 6974 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 title. \n+00017100: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d65 me\n+00017110: 7373 6167 6520 6174 2074 6865 2074 6f70 ssage at the top\n+00017120: 206f 6620 7468 6520 7363 7265 656e 2e0a of the screen..\n+00017130: 7469 746c 652d 636f 6c6f 7220 2020 2020 title-color \n+00017140: 2020 2020 2020 2044 6566 696e 6573 2074 Defines t\n+00017150: 6865 2063 6f6c 6f72 206f 6620 7468 6520 he color of the \n+00017160: 7469 746c 6520 6d65 7373 6167 652e 0a6d title message..m\n+00017170: 6573 7361 6765 2d66 6f6e 7420 2020 2020 essage-font \n+00017180: 2020 2020 2020 4375 7272 656e 746c 7920 Currently \n+00017190: 756e 7573 6564 2e20 204c 6566 7420 666f unused. Left fo\n+000171a0: 7220 6261 636b 7761 7264 0a20 2020 2020 r backward. \n+000171b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000171c0: 2020 636f 6d70 6174 6962 696c 6974 792e compatibility.\n+000171d0: 0a6d 6573 7361 6765 2d63 6f6c 6f72 2020 .message-color \n+000171e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4375 7272 656e 746c Currentl\n+000171f0: 7920 756e 7573 6564 2e20 204c 6566 7420 y unused. Left \n+00017200: 666f 7220 6261 636b 7761 7264 0a20 2020 for backward. \n+00017210: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00017220: 2020 2020 636f 6d70 6174 6962 696c 6974 compatibilit\n+00017230: 792e 0a6d 6573 7361 6765 2d62 672d 636f y..message-bg-co\n+00017240: 6c6f 7220 2020 2020 2020 4375 7272 656e lor Curren\n+00017250: 746c 7920 756e 7573 6564 2e20 204c 6566 tly unused. Lef\n+00017260: 7420 666f 7220 6261 636b 7761 7264 0a20 t for backward. \n+00017270: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00017280: 2020 2020 2020 636f 6d70 6174 6962 696c compatibil\n+00017290: 6974 792e 0a64 6573 6b74 6f70 2d69 6d61 ity..desktop-ima\n+000172a0: 6765 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5370 6563 ge Spec\n+000172b0: 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 696d 6167 6520 ifies the image \n+000172c0: 746f 2075 7365 2061 7320 7468 650a 2020 to use as the. \n+000172d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000172e0: 2020 2020 2062 6163 6b67 726f 756e 642e background.\n+000172f0: 2020 4974 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2073 6361 It will be sca\n+00017300: 6c65 6420 746f 2066 6974 2074 6865 0a20 led to fit the. \n+00017310: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00017320: 2020 2020 2020 7363 7265 656e 2073 697a screen siz\n+00017330: 6520 6f72 2070 726f 706f 7274 696f 6e61 e or proportiona\n+00017340: 6c6c 7920 7363 616c 6564 0a20 2020 2020 lly scaled. \n+00017350: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00017360: 2020 6465 7065 6e64 696e 6720 6f6e 2074 depending on t\n+00017370: 6865 2073 6361 6c65 206d 6574 686f 642e he scale method.\n+00017380: 0a64 6573 6b74 6f70 2d69 6d61 6765 2d73 .desktop-image-s\n+00017390: 6361 6c65 2d6d 6574 686f 6453 7065 6369 cale-methodSpeci\n+000173a0: 6669 6573 2074 6865 2073 6361 6c69 6e67 fies the scaling\n+000173b0: 206d 6574 686f 6420 666f 7220 7468 650a method for the.\n+000173c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000173d0: 2020 2020 2020 202a 6465 736b 746f 702d *desktop-\n+000173e0: 696d 6167 652a 2e20 204f 7074 696f 6e73 image*. Options\n+000173f0: 2061 7265 2022 7374 7265 7463 6822 2c0a are \"stretch\",.\n+00017400: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00017410: 2020 2020 2020 2022 6372 6f70 222c 2022 \"crop\", \"\n+00017420: 7061 6464 696e 6722 2c20 2266 6974 7769 padding\", \"fitwi\n+00017430: 6474 6822 2c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 dth\",. \n+00017440: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 6669 \"fi\n+00017450: 7468 6569 6768 7422 2e20 2022 7374 7265 theight\". \"stre\n+00017460: 7463 6822 2066 6f72 2066 6974 7469 6e67 tch\" for fitting\n+00017470: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 the. \n+00017480: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7363 7265 scre\n+00017490: 656e 2073 697a 652e 2020 4f74 6865 7277 en size. Otherw\n+000174a0: 6973 6520 6974 2069 730a 2020 2020 2020 ise it is. \n+000174b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000174c0: 2070 726f 706f 7274 696f 6e61 6c20 7363 proportional sc\n+000174d0: 616c 696e 6720 6f66 2061 2070 6172 7420 aling of a part \n+000174e0: 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 of. \n+000174f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2a64 6573 6b74 *deskt\n+00017500: 6f70 2d69 6d61 6765 2a20 746f 2074 6865 op-image* to the\n+00017510: 2070 6172 7420 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 part of the. \n+00017520: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00017530: 2020 2020 7363 7265 656e 2e20 2022 6372 screen. \"cr\n+00017540: 6f70 2220 7061 7274 206f 6620 7468 650a op\" part of the.\n+00017550: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00017560: 2020 2020 2020 202a 6465 736b 746f 702d *desktop-\n+00017570: 696d 6167 652a 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2070 image* will be p\n+00017580: 726f 706f 7274 696f 6e61 6c6c 790a 2020 roportionally. \n+00017590: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000175a0: 2020 2020 2073 6361 6c65 6420 746f 2066 scaled to f\n+000175b0: 6974 2074 6865 2073 6372 6565 6e20 7369 it the screen si\n+000175c0: 7a65 732e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 zes.. \n+000175d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2270 6164 \"pad\n+000175e0: 6469 6e67 2220 7468 6520 656e 7469 7265 ding\" the entire\n+000175f0: 202a 6465 736b 746f 702d 696d 6167 652a *desktop-image*\n+00017600: 2077 696c 6c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 will. \n+00017610: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2062 6520 be \n+00017620: 636f 6e74 6169 6e65 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 contained on the\n+00017630: 2073 6372 6565 6e2e 2020 2266 6974 7769 screen. \"fitwi\n+00017640: 6474 6822 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 dth\". \n+00017650: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 666f 7220 for \n+00017660: 6669 7474 696e 6720 7468 6520 2a64 6573 fitting the *des\n+00017670: 6b74 6f70 2d69 6d61 6765 2a27 7320 7769 ktop-image*'s wi\n+00017680: 6474 680a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 dth. \n+00017690: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2077 6974 6820 with \n+000176a0: 7363 7265 656e 2077 6964 7468 2e20 2022 screen width. \"\n+000176b0: 6669 7468 6569 6768 7422 2066 6f72 0a20 fitheight\" for. \n+000176c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000176d0: 2020 2020 2020 6669 7474 696e 6720 7468 fitting th\n+000176e0: 6520 2a64 6573 6b74 6f70 2d69 6d61 6765 e *desktop-image\n+000176f0: 2a27 7320 6865 6967 6874 2077 6974 680a *'s height with.\n+00017700: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00017710: 2020 2020 2020 2074 6865 2073 6372 6565 the scree\n+00017720: 6e20 6865 6967 6874 2e20 2044 6566 6175 n height. Defau\n+00017730: 6c74 2069 7320 2273 7472 6574 6368 222e lt is \"stretch\".\n+00017740: 0a64 6573 6b74 6f70 2d69 6d61 6765 2d68 .desktop-image-h\n+00017750: 2d61 6c69 676e 2020 5370 6563 6966 6965 -align Specifie\n+00017760: 7320 7468 6520 686f 7269 7a6f 6e74 616c s the horizontal\n+00017770: 2061 6c69 676e 6d65 6e74 206f 6620 7468 alignment of th\n+00017780: 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e. \n+00017790: 2020 2020 2020 2020 202a 6465 736b 746f *deskto\n+000177a0: 702d 696d 6167 652a 2069 660a 2020 2020 p-image* if. \n+000177b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000177c0: 2020 202a 6465 736b 746f 702d 696d 6167 *desktop-imag\n+000177d0: 652d 7363 616c 652d 6d65 7468 6f64 2a20 e-scale-method* \n+000177e0: 6973 6e27 7420 6571 7565 616c 0a20 2020 isn't equeal. \n+000177f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00017800: 2020 2020 746f 2022 7374 7265 7463 6822 to \"stretch\"\n+00017810: 2e20 204f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 7265 2022 . Options are \"\n+00017820: 6c65 6674 222c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 left\",. \n+00017830: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2263 \"c\n+00017840: 656e 7465 7222 2c20 2272 6967 6874 222e enter\", \"right\".\n+00017850: 2020 4465 6661 756c 7420 6973 2022 6365 Default is \"ce\n+00017860: 6e74 6572 222e 0a64 6573 6b74 6f70 2d69 nter\"..desktop-i\n+00017870: 6d61 6765 2d76 2d61 6c69 676e 2020 5370 mage-v-align Sp\n+00017880: 6563 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 7665 7274 ecifies the vert\n+00017890: 6963 616c 2061 6c69 676e 6d65 6e74 206f ical alignment o\n+000178a0: 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 f the. \n+000178b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 202a 6465 *de\n+000178c0: 736b 746f 702d 696d 6167 652a 2069 660a sktop-image* if.\n+000178d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000178e0: 2020 2020 2020 202a 6465 736b 746f 702d *desktop-\n+000178f0: 696d 6167 652d 7363 616c 652d 6d65 7468 image-scale-meth\n+00017900: 6f64 2a20 6973 6e27 7420 6571 7565 616c od* isn't equeal\n+00017910: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+00017920: 2020 2020 2020 2020 746f 2022 7374 7265 to \"stre\n+00017930: 7463 6822 2e20 204f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 tch\". 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If the. \n+00017c00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00017c10: 2020 2020 696d 6167 6520 666f 7220 616e image for an\n+00017c20: 7920 736c 6963 6520 6973 206e 6f74 2066 y slice is not f\n+00017c30: 6f75 6e64 2c20 6974 2077 696c 6c0a 2020 ound, it will. \n+00017c40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00017c50: 2020 2020 2073 696d 706c 7920 6265 206c simply be l\n+00017c60: 6566 7420 656d 7074 792e 0a74 6572 6d69 eft empty..termi\n+00017c70: 6e61 6c2d 626f 7264 6572 2020 2020 2020 nal-border \n+00017c80: 2020 5370 6563 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 Specifies the \n+00017c90: 626f 7264 6572 2077 6964 7468 206f 6620 border width of \n+00017ca0: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 the. \n+00017cb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6572 6d69 termi\n+00017cc0: 6e61 6c20 7769 6e64 6f77 2e0a 7465 726d nal window..term\n+00017cd0: 696e 616c 2d6c 6566 7420 2020 2020 2020 inal-left \n+00017ce0: 2020 2053 7065 6369 6669 6573 2074 6865 Specifies the\n+00017cf0: 206c 6566 7420 636f 6f72 6469 6e61 7465 left coordinate\n+00017d00: 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 of the. \n+00017d10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 t\n+00017d20: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 7769 6e64 6f77 2e0a erminal window..\n+00017d30: 7465 726d 696e 616c 2d74 6f70 2020 2020 terminal-top \n+00017d40: 2020 2020 2020 2053 7065 6369 6669 6573 Specifies\n+00017d50: 2074 6865 2074 6f70 2063 6f6f 7264 696e the top coordin\n+00017d60: 6174 6520 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 ate of the. \n+00017d70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00017d80: 2020 7465 726d 696e 616c 2077 696e 646f terminal windo\n+00017d90: 772e 0a74 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2d 7769 6474 w..terminal-widt\n+00017da0: 6820 2020 2020 2020 2020 5370 6563 6966 h Specif\n+00017db0: 6965 7320 7468 6520 7769 6474 6820 6f66 ies the width of\n+00017dc0: 2074 6865 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c0a 2020 the terminal. \n+00017dd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00017de0: 2020 2020 2077 696e 646f 772e 0a74 6572 window..ter\n+00017df0: 6d69 6e61 6c2d 6865 6967 6874 2020 2020 minal-height \n+00017e00: 2020 2020 5370 6563 6966 6965 7320 7468 Specifies th\n+00017e10: 6520 6865 6967 6874 206f 6620 7468 6520 e height of the \n+00017e20: 7465 726d 696e 616c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 terminal. \n+00017e30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00017e40: 7769 6e64 6f77 2e0a 0a37 2e33 2e34 2043 window...7.3.4 C\n+00017e50: 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2043 6f6e 7374 7275 omponent Constru\n+00017e60: 6374 696f 6e0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ction.----------\n 00017e70: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00017e80: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4772 6561 ----------..Grea\n-00017e90: 7465 7220 6375 7374 6f6d 697a 6162 696c ter customizabil\n-00017ea0: 6974 7920 636f 6d65 7320 6973 2070 726f ity comes is pro\n-00017eb0: 7669 6465 6420 6279 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 vided by compone\n-00017ec0: 6e74 732e 2020 4120 7472 6565 206f 660a nts. 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If \"id\n-000182e0: 2220 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 \" is set to. \n-000182f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00018300: 225f 5f74 696d 656f 7574 5f5f 2220 616e \"__timeout__\" an\n-00018310: 6420 6e6f 2022 7465 7874 2220 7072 6f70 d no \"text\" prop\n-00018320: 6572 7479 2069 7320 7365 7420 7468 656e erty is set then\n-00018330: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-00018340: 2020 2020 2074 6865 2061 6d6f 756e 7420 the amount \n-00018350: 6f66 2073 6563 6f6e 6473 2077 696c 6c20 of seconds will \n-00018360: 6265 2073 686f 776e 2e20 2049 6620 7365 be shown. If se\n-00018370: 7420 746f 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t to. \n-00018380: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 404b 4559 4d41 \"@KEYMA\n-00018390: 505f 5348 4f52 5440 222c 2022 404b 4559 P_SHORT@\", \"@KEY\n-000183a0: 4d41 505f 4d49 4444 4c45 4022 206f 720a MAP_MIDDLE@\" or.\n-000183b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000183c0: 2020 2020 2240 4b45 594d 4150 5f4c 4f4e \"@KEYMAP_LON\n-000183d0: 4740 2220 7468 656e 2070 7265 6465 6669 G@\" then predefi\n-000183e0: 6e65 6420 686f 746b 6579 0a20 2020 2020 ned hotkey. \n-000183f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 i\n-00018400: 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2077 696c 6c20 nformation will \n-00018410: 6265 2073 686f 776e 2e0a 2020 2020 2066 be shown.. f\n-00018420: 6f6e 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 ont Th\n-00018430: 6520 666f 6e74 2074 6f20 7573 6520 666f e font to use fo\n-00018440: 7220 7465 7874 2064 6973 706c 6179 2e0a r text display..\n-00018450: 2020 2020 2063 6f6c 6f72 2020 2020 2020 color \n-00018460: 2020 2020 5468 6520 636f 6c6f 7220 6f66 The color of\n-00018470: 2074 6865 2074 6578 742e 0a20 2020 2020 the text.. \n-00018480: 616c 6967 6e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 align T\n-00018490: 6865 2068 6f72 697a 6f6e 7461 6c20 616c he horizontal al\n-000184a0: 6967 6e6d 656e 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2074 ignment of the t\n-000184b0: 6578 7420 7769 7468 696e 2074 6865 0a20 ext within the. \n-000184c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000184d0: 2020 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2e20 204f component. O\n-000184e0: 7074 696f 6e73 2061 7265 2022 6c65 6674 ptions are \"left\n-000184f0: 222c 2022 6365 6e74 6572 2220 616e 640a \", \"center\" and.\n-00018500: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00018510: 2020 2020 2272 6967 6874 222e 0a20 2020 \"right\".. \n-00018520: 2020 7669 7369 626c 6520 2020 2020 2020 visible \n-00018530: 2053 6574 2074 6f20 2266 616c 7365 2220 Set to \"false\" \n-00018540: 746f 2068 6964 6520 7468 6520 6c61 6265 to hide the labe\n-00018550: 6c2e 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2069 6d61 6765 l... ... image\n-00018560: 2041 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2074 6861 A component tha\n-00018570: 7420 6469 7370 6c61 7973 2061 6e20 696d t displays an im\n-00018580: 6167 652e 2020 5468 6520 696d 6167 6520 age. The image \n-00018590: 6973 2073 6361 6c65 6420 746f 0a20 2020 is scaled to. \n-000185a0: 2020 6669 7420 7468 6520 636f 6d70 6f6e fit the compon\n-000185b0: 656e 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 2050 726f 7065 ent... Prope\n-000185c0: 7274 6965 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 2066 696c rties:.. fil\n-000185d0: 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 e The \n-000185e0: 6675 6c6c 2070 6174 6820 746f 2074 6865 full path to the\n-000185f0: 2069 6d61 6765 2066 696c 6520 746f 206c image file to l\n-00018600: 6f61 642e 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2070 726f oad... ... pro\n-00018610: 6772 6573 735f 6261 7220 4469 7370 6c61 gress_bar Displa\n-00018620: 7973 2061 2068 6f72 697a 6f6e 7461 6c6c ys a horizontall\n-00018630: 7920 6f72 6965 6e74 6564 2070 726f 6772 y oriented progr\n-00018640: 6573 7320 6261 722e 2020 4974 2063 616e ess bar. It can\n-00018650: 0a20 2020 2020 6265 2072 656e 6465 7265 . be rendere\n-00018660: 6420 7573 696e 6720 7369 6d70 6c65 2073 d using simple s\n-00018670: 6f6c 6964 2066 696c 6c65 6420 7265 6374 olid filled rect\n-00018680: 616e 676c 6573 2c20 6f72 2075 7369 6e67 angles, or using\n-00018690: 2061 2070 6169 720a 2020 2020 206f 6620 a pair. of \n-000186a0: 7069 786d 6170 2073 7479 6c65 6420 626f pixmap styled bo\n-000186b0: 7865 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2050 726f 7065 xes... Prope\n-000186c0: 7274 6965 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 2069 6420 rties:.. id \n-000186d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5365 7420 Set \n-000186e0: 746f 2022 5f5f 7469 6d65 6f75 745f 5f22 to \"__timeout__\"\n-000186f0: 2074 6f20 6469 7370 6c61 7920 7468 6520 to display the \n-00018700: 7469 6d65 2065 6c61 7073 6564 0a20 2020 time elapsed. \n-00018710: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00018720: 2074 6f20 616e 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 to an automatic\n-00018730: 616c 2062 6f6f 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2064 al boot of the d\n-00018740: 6566 6175 6c74 2065 6e74 7279 2e0a 2020 efault entry.. \n-00018750: 2020 2066 675f 636f 6c6f 7220 2020 2020 fg_color \n-00018760: 2020 5468 6520 666f 7265 6772 6f75 6e64 The foreground\n-00018770: 2063 6f6c 6f72 2066 6f72 2070 6c61 696e color for plain\n-00018780: 2073 6f6c 6964 2063 6f6c 6f72 0a20 2020 solid color. \n-00018790: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000187a0: 2072 656e 6465 7269 6e67 2e0a 2020 2020 rendering.. \n-000187b0: 2062 675f 636f 6c6f 7220 2020 2020 2020 bg_color \n-000187c0: 5468 6520 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 2063 The background c\n-000187d0: 6f6c 6f72 2066 6f72 2070 6c61 696e 2073 olor for plain s\n-000187e0: 6f6c 6964 2063 6f6c 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 olid color. \n-000187f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2072 r\n-00018800: 656e 6465 7269 6e67 2e0a 2020 2020 2062 endering.. b\n-00018810: 6f72 6465 725f 636f 6c6f 7220 2020 5468 order_color Th\n-00018820: 6520 626f 7264 6572 2063 6f6c 6f72 2066 e border color f\n-00018830: 6f72 2070 6c61 696e 2073 6f6c 6964 2063 or plain solid c\n-00018840: 6f6c 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 olor. \n-00018850: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2072 656e 6465 7269 renderi\n-00018860: 6e67 2e0a 2020 2020 2074 6578 745f 636f ng.. text_co\n-00018870: 6c6f 7220 2020 2020 5468 6520 7465 7874 lor The text\n-00018880: 2063 6f6c 6f72 2e0a 2020 2020 2062 6172 color.. bar\n-00018890: 5f73 7479 6c65 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 _style The \n-000188a0: 7374 796c 6564 2062 6f78 2073 7065 6369 styled box speci\n-000188b0: 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 2074 6865 fication for the\n-000188c0: 2066 7261 6d65 206f 660a 2020 2020 2020 frame of. \n-000188d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7468 th\n-000188e0: 6520 7072 6f67 7265 7373 2062 6172 2e20 e progress bar. \n-000188f0: 2045 7861 6d70 6c65 3a0a 2020 2020 2020 Example:. \n-00018900: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2270 \"p\n-00018910: 726f 6772 6573 735f 6672 616d 655f 2a2e rogress_frame_*.\n-00018920: 706e 6722 2049 6620 7468 6520 7661 6c75 png\" If the valu\n-00018930: 6520 6973 2065 7175 616c 2074 6f0a 2020 e is equal to. \n-00018940: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00018950: 2020 2268 6967 686c 6967 6874 5f73 7479 \"highlight_sty\n-00018960: 6c65 2220 7468 656e 206e 6f20 7374 796c le\" then no styl\n-00018970: 6564 2062 6f78 6573 2077 696c 6c20 6265 ed boxes will be\n-00018980: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-00018990: 2020 2020 2073 686f 776e 2e0a 2020 2020 shown.. \n-000189a0: 2068 6967 686c 6967 6874 5f73 7479 6c65 highlight_style\n-000189b0: 5468 6520 7374 796c 6564 2062 6f78 2073 The styled box s\n-000189c0: 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 pecification for\n-000189d0: 2074 6865 2068 6967 686c 6967 6874 6564 the highlighted\n-000189e0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-000189f0: 2020 2020 2072 6567 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 region of t\n-00018a00: 6865 2070 726f 6772 6573 7320 6261 722e he progress bar.\n-00018a10: 2020 5468 6973 2062 6f78 2077 696c 6c20 This box will \n-00018a20: 6265 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 be. \n-00018a30: 2020 2020 2020 2075 7365 6420 746f 2070 used to p\n-00018a40: 6169 6e74 206a 7573 7420 7468 6520 6869 aint just the hi\n-00018a50: 6768 6c69 6768 7465 6420 7265 6769 6f6e ghlighted region\n-00018a60: 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 of the. \n-00018a70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6261 722c bar,\n-00018a80: 2061 6e64 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2069 6e63 and will be inc\n-00018a90: 7265 6173 6564 2069 6e20 7369 7a65 2061 reased in size a\n-00018aa0: 7320 7468 6520 6261 720a 2020 2020 2020 s the bar. \n-00018ab0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e65 ne\n-00018ac0: 6172 7320 636f 6d70 6c65 7469 6f6e 2e20 ars completion. \n-00018ad0: 2045 7861 6d70 6c65 3a20 2270 726f 6772 Example: \"progr\n-00018ae0: 6573 735f 686c 5f2a 2e70 6e67 222e 0a20 ess_hl_*.png\".. \n-00018af0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00018b00: 2020 2049 6620 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 If the value \n-00018b10: 6973 2065 7175 616c 2074 6f20 2262 6172 is equal to \"bar\n-00018b20: 5f73 7479 6c65 2220 7468 656e 206e 6f0a _style\" then no.\n-00018b30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00018b40: 2020 2020 7374 796c 6564 2062 6f78 6573 styled boxes\n-00018b50: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2073 686f 776e 2e0a will be shown..\n-00018b60: 2020 2020 2068 6967 686c 6967 6874 5f6f highlight_o\n-00018b70: 7665 726c 6179 4966 2074 6869 7320 6f70 verlayIf this op\n-00018b80: 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 2022 tion is set to \"\n-00018b90: 7472 7565 2220 7468 656e 2074 6865 0a20 true\" then the. \n-00018ba0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00018bb0: 2020 2068 6967 686c 6967 6874 2062 6f78 highlight box\n-00018bc0: 2073 6964 6520 736c 6963 6573 2028 6576 side slices (ev\n-00018bd0: 6572 7920 736c 6963 6520 6578 6365 7074 ery slice except\n-00018be0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-00018bf0: 2020 2020 2074 6865 2063 656e 7465 7220 the center \n-00018c00: 736c 6963 6529 2077 696c 6c20 6f76 6572 slice) will over\n-00018c10: 6c61 7920 7468 6520 6672 616d 6520 626f lay the frame bo\n-00018c20: 780a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 x. \n-00018c30: 2020 2020 2020 7369 6465 2073 6c69 6365 side slice\n-00018c40: 732e 2020 416e 6420 7468 6520 6365 6e74 s. And the cent\n-00018c50: 6572 2073 6c69 6365 206f 6620 7468 650a er slice of the.\n-00018c60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00018c70: 2020 2020 6869 6768 6c69 6768 7420 626f highlight bo\n-00018c80: 7820 6361 6e20 6d6f 7665 2061 6c6c 2074 x can move all t\n-00018c90: 6865 2077 6179 2028 6672 6f6d 2074 6f70 he way (from top\n-00018ca0: 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 to. \n-00018cb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 626f 7474 6f6d 292c bottom),\n-00018cc0: 2062 6569 6e67 2064 7261 776e 206f 6e20 being drawn on \n-00018cd0: 7468 6520 6365 6e74 6572 2073 6c69 6365 the center slice\n-00018ce0: 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 of the. \n-00018cf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6672 616d fram\n-00018d00: 6520 626f 782e 2020 5468 6174 2077 6179 e box. That way\n-00018d10: 2077 6520 6361 6e20 6d61 6b65 2061 2070 we can make a p\n-00018d20: 726f 6772 6573 7320 6261 720a 2020 2020 rogress bar. \n-00018d30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00018d40: 7769 7468 2072 6f75 6e64 2d73 6861 7065 with round-shape\n-00018d50: 6420 6564 6765 7320 736f 2074 6865 7265 d edges so there\n-00018d60: 2077 6f6e 2774 2062 6520 6120 6672 6565 won't be a free\n-00018d70: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-00018d80: 2020 2020 2073 7061 6365 2066 726f 6d20 space from \n-00018d90: 7468 6520 6869 6768 6c69 6768 7420 746f the highlight to\n-00018da0: 2074 6865 2066 7261 6d65 2069 6e20 746f the frame in to\n-00018db0: 7020 616e 640a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 p and. \n-00018dc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 626f 7474 6f6d bottom\n-00018dd0: 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2070 6f73 6974 scrollbar posit\n-00018de0: 696f 6e73 2e20 2044 6566 6175 6c74 2069 ions. Default i\n-00018df0: 7320 2266 616c 7365 222e 0a20 2020 2020 s \"false\".. \n-00018e00: 666f 6e74 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 font T\n-00018e10: 6865 2066 6f6e 7420 746f 2075 7365 2066 he font to use f\n-00018e20: 6f72 2070 726f 6772 6573 7320 6261 722e or progress bar.\n-00018e30: 0a20 2020 2020 7465 7874 2020 2020 2020 . text \n-00018e40: 2020 2020 2054 6865 2074 6578 7420 746f The text to\n-00018e50: 2064 6973 706c 6179 206f 6e20 7468 6520 display on the \n-00018e60: 7072 6f67 7265 7373 2062 6172 2e20 2049 progress bar. I\n-00018e70: 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 f the. \n-00018e80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7072 6f67 7265 progre\n-00018e90: 7373 2062 6172 2773 2049 4420 6973 2073 ss bar's ID is s\n-00018ea0: 6574 2074 6f20 225f 5f74 696d 656f 7574 et to \"__timeout\n-00018eb0: 5f5f 2220 616e 640a 2020 2020 2020 2020 __\" and. \n-00018ec0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7468 6520 the \n-00018ed0: 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 2074 6869 7320 7072 value of this pr\n-00018ee0: 6f70 6572 7479 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f operty is set to\n-00018ef0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-00018f00: 2020 2020 2022 4054 494d 454f 5554 5f4e \"@TIMEOUT_N\n-00018f10: 4f54 4946 4943 4154 494f 4e5f 5348 4f52 OTIFICATION_SHOR\n-00018f20: 5440 222c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 T@\",. \n-00018f30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 4054 494d 454f \"@TIMEO\n-00018f40: 5554 5f4e 4f54 4946 4943 4154 494f 4e5f UT_NOTIFICATION_\n-00018f50: 4d49 4444 4c45 4022 206f 720a 2020 2020 MIDDLE@\" or. \n-00018f60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00018f70: 2240 5449 4d45 4f55 545f 4e4f 5449 4649 \"@TIMEOUT_NOTIFI\n-00018f80: 4341 5449 4f4e 5f4c 4f4e 4740 222c 2074 CATION_LONG@\", t\n-00018f90: 6865 6e20 4752 5542 2077 696c 6c0a 2020 hen GRUB will. \n-00018fa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00018fb0: 2020 7570 6461 7465 2074 6869 7320 7072 update this pr\n-00018fc0: 6f70 6572 7479 2077 6974 6820 616e 2069 operty with an i\n-00018fd0: 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 7665 206d 6573 7361 nformative messa\n-00018fe0: 6765 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ge. \n-00018ff0: 2020 2020 2020 2061 7320 7468 6520 7469 as the ti\n-00019000: 6d65 6f75 7420 6170 7072 6f61 6368 6573 meout approaches\n-00019010: 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6369 7263 756c ... ... circul\n-00019020: 6172 5f70 726f 6772 6573 7320 4469 7370 ar_progress Disp\n-00019030: 6c61 7973 2061 2063 6972 6375 6c61 7220 lays a circular \n-00019040: 7072 6f67 7265 7373 2069 6e64 6963 6174 progress indicat\n-00019050: 6f72 2e20 2054 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6170 or. The. ap\n-00019060: 7065 6172 616e 6365 206f 6620 7468 6973 pearance of this\n-00019070: 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2069 7320 6465 component is de\n-00019080: 7465 726d 696e 6564 2062 7920 7477 6f20 termined by two \n-00019090: 696d 6167 6573 3a20 7468 650a 2020 2020 images: the. \n-000190a0: 202a 6365 6e74 6572 2a20 696d 6167 6520 *center* image \n-000190b0: 616e 6420 7468 6520 2a74 6963 6b2a 2069 and the *tick* i\n-000190c0: 6d61 6765 2e20 2054 6865 2063 656e 7465 mage. The cente\n-000190d0: 7220 696d 6167 6520 6973 2067 656e 6572 r image is gener\n-000190e0: 616c 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 6c61 7267 6572 ally. larger\n-000190f0: 2061 6e64 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2064 7261 and will be dra\n-00019100: 776e 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6365 6e74 6572 wn in the center\n-00019110: 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e of the componen\n-00019120: 742e 2020 4172 6f75 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 t. Around. \n-00019130: 7468 6520 6369 7263 756d 6665 7265 6e63 the circumferenc\n-00019140: 6520 6f66 2061 2063 6972 636c 6520 7769 e of a circle wi\n-00019150: 7468 696e 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 thin the compone\n-00019160: 6e74 2c20 7468 6520 7469 636b 2069 6d61 nt, the tick ima\n-00019170: 6765 0a20 2020 2020 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 ge. will be \n-00019180: 6472 6177 6e20 6120 6365 7274 6169 6e20 drawn a certain \n-00019190: 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 7469 6d65 732c number of times,\n-000191a0: 2064 6570 656e 6469 6e67 206f 6e20 7468 depending on th\n-000191b0: 650a 2020 2020 2070 726f 7065 7274 6965 e. propertie\n-000191c0: 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 s of the compone\n-000191d0: 6e74 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5072 6f70 6572 nt... Proper\n-000191e0: 7469 6573 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 6964 2020 ties:.. id \n-000191f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019200: 2020 2053 6574 2074 6f20 225f 5f74 696d Set to \"__tim\n-00019210: 656f 7574 5f5f 2220 746f 2064 6973 706c eout__\" to displ\n-00019220: 6179 2074 6865 2074 696d 650a 2020 2020 ay the time. \n+00017e80: 2d2d 0a0a 4772 6561 7465 7220 6375 7374 --..Greater cust\n+00017e90: 6f6d 697a 6162 696c 6974 7920 636f 6d65 omizability come\n+00017ea0: 7320 6973 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 6279 s is provided by\n+00017eb0: 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 732e 2020 4120 components. A \n+00017ec0: 7472 6565 206f 660a 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e tree of.componen\n+00017ed0: 7473 2066 6f72 6d73 2074 6865 2075 7365 ts forms the use\n+00017ee0: 7220 696e 7465 7266 6163 652e 2020 2a43 r interface. *C\n+00017ef0: 6f6e 7461 696e 6572 732a 2061 7265 2063 ontainers* are c\n+00017f00: 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 7320 7468 6174 0a63 omponents that.c\n+00017f10: 616e 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 206f 7468 6572 an contain other\n+00017f20: 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 732c 2061 6e64 components, and\n+00017f30: 2074 6865 7265 2069 7320 616c 7761 7973 there is always\n+00017f40: 2061 2073 696e 676c 6520 726f 6f74 0a63 a single root.c\n+00017f50: 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2077 6869 6368 2069 omponent which i\n+00017f60: 7320 616e 2069 6e73 7461 6e63 6520 6f66 s an instance of\n+00017f70: 2061 202a 6361 6e76 6173 2a20 636f 6e74 a *canvas* cont\n+00017f80: 6169 6e65 722e 0a0a 2020 2043 6f6d 706f ainer... Compo\n+00017f90: 6e65 6e74 7320 6172 6520 6372 6561 7465 nents are create\n+00017fa0: 6420 696e 2074 6865 2074 6865 6d65 2066 d in the theme f\n+00017fb0: 696c 6520 6279 2070 7265 6669 7869 6e67 ile by prefixing\n+00017fc0: 2074 6865 2074 7970 6520 6f66 0a63 6f6d the type of.com\n+00017fd0: 706f 6e65 6e74 2077 6974 6820 6120 272b ponent with a '+\n+00017fe0: 2720 7369 676e 3a0a 0a20 2020 e280 9820 ' sign:.. ... \n+00017ff0: 2b20 6c61 6265 6c20 7b20 7465 7874 3d22 + label { text=\"\n+00018000: 4752 5542 2220 666f 6e74 3d22 6171 7569 GRUB\" font=\"aqui\n+00018010: 2031 3122 2063 6f6c 6f72 3d22 2338 4646 11\" color=\"#8FF\n+00018020: 2220 7d20 e280 990a 0a20 2020 7072 6f70 \" } ..... prop\n+00018030: 6572 7469 6573 206f 6620 6120 636f 6d70 erties of a comp\n+00018040: 6f6e 656e 7420 6172 6520 7370 6563 6966 onent are specif\n+00018050: 6965 6420 6173 2022 6e61 6d65 203d 2076 ied as \"name = v\n+00018060: 616c 7565 2220 2877 6869 7465 7370 6163 alue\" (whitespac\n+00018070: 650a 7375 7272 6f75 6e64 696e 6720 746f e.surrounding to\n+00018080: 6b65 6e73 2069 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 616c kens is optional\n+00018090: 2061 6e64 2069 7320 6967 6e6f 7265 6429 and is ignored)\n+000180a0: 2077 6865 7265 202a 7661 6c75 652a 206d where *value* m\n+000180b0: 6179 2062 653a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6120 ay be:. ... a \n+000180c0: 7369 6e67 6c65 2077 6f72 6420 2865 2e67 single word (e.g\n+000180d0: 2e2c 2022 616c 6967 6e20 3d20 6365 6e74 ., \"align = cent\n+000180e0: 6572 222c 2022 636f 6c6f 7220 3d20 2346 er\", \"color = #F\n+000180f0: 4638 3038 3022 292c 0a20 2020 e280 a220 F8080\"),. ... \n+00018100: 6120 7175 6f74 6564 2073 7472 696e 6720 a quoted string \n+00018110: 2865 2e67 2e2c 2022 7465 7874 203d 2022 (e.g., \"text = \"\n+00018120: 4865 6c6c 6f2c 2057 6f72 6c64 2122 2229 Hello, World!\"\")\n+00018130: 2c20 6f72 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6120 7475 , or. ... a tu\n+00018140: 706c 6520 2865 2e67 2e2c 2022 7072 6566 ple (e.g., \"pref\n+00018150: 6572 7265 645f 7369 7a65 203d 2028 3132 erred_size = (12\n+00018160: 302c 2038 3029 2229 2e0a 0a37 2e33 2e35 0, 80)\")...7.3.5\n+00018170: 2043 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 204c 6973 740a Component List.\n+00018180: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00018190: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 ----..The follow\n+000181a0: 696e 6720 6973 2061 206c 6973 7420 6f66 ing is a list of\n+000181b0: 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 7320 the components \n+000181c0: 616e 6420 7468 6520 7072 6f70 6572 7469 and the properti\n+000181d0: 6573 2074 6865 790a 7375 7070 6f72 742e es they.support.\n+000181e0: 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 206c 6162 656c 2041 .. ... label A\n+000181f0: 206c 6162 656c 2064 6973 706c 6179 7320 label displays \n+00018200: 6120 6c69 6e65 206f 6620 7465 7874 2e0a a line of text..\n+00018210: 0a20 2020 2020 5072 6f70 6572 7469 6573 . 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If set to. \n+00018370: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00018380: 2022 404b 4559 4d41 505f 5348 4f52 5440 \"@KEYMAP_SHORT@\n+00018390: 222c 2022 404b 4559 4d41 505f 4d49 4444 \", \"@KEYMAP_MIDD\n+000183a0: 4c45 4022 206f 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 LE@\" or. \n+000183b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2240 4b45 \"@KE\n+000183c0: 594d 4150 5f4c 4f4e 4740 2220 7468 656e YMAP_LONG@\" then\n+000183d0: 2070 7265 6465 6669 6e65 6420 686f 746b predefined hotk\n+000183e0: 6579 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ey. \n+000183f0: 2020 2020 2020 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 informati\n+00018400: 6f6e 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2073 686f 776e on will be shown\n+00018410: 2e0a 2020 2020 2066 6f6e 7420 2020 2020 .. font \n+00018420: 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 666f 6e74 2074 The font t\n+00018430: 6f20 7573 6520 666f 7220 7465 7874 2064 o use for text d\n+00018440: 6973 706c 6179 2e0a 2020 2020 2063 6f6c isplay.. col\n+00018450: 6f72 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 or The \n+00018460: 636f 6c6f 7220 6f66 2074 6865 2074 6578 color of the tex\n+00018470: 742e 0a20 2020 2020 616c 6967 6e20 2020 t.. align \n+00018480: 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 2068 6f72 697a The horiz\n+00018490: 6f6e 7461 6c20 616c 6967 6e6d 656e 7420 ontal alignment \n+000184a0: 6f66 2074 6865 2074 6578 7420 7769 7468 of the text with\n+000184b0: 696e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 in the. \n+000184c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 706f compo\n+000184d0: 6e65 6e74 2e20 204f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 nent. Options a\n+000184e0: 7265 2022 6c65 6674 222c 2022 6365 6e74 re \"left\", \"cent\n+000184f0: 6572 2220 616e 640a 2020 2020 2020 2020 er\" and. \n+00018500: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2272 6967 \"rig\n+00018510: 6874 222e 0a20 2020 2020 7669 7369 626c ht\".. visibl\n+00018520: 6520 2020 2020 2020 2053 6574 2074 6f20 e Set to \n+00018530: 2266 616c 7365 2220 746f 2068 6964 6520 \"false\" to hide \n+00018540: 7468 6520 6c61 6265 6c2e 0a0a 2020 20e2 the label... .\n+00018550: 80a2 2069 6d61 6765 2041 2063 6f6d 706f .. image A compo\n+00018560: 6e65 6e74 2074 6861 7420 6469 7370 6c61 nent that displa\n+00018570: 7973 2061 6e20 696d 6167 652e 2020 5468 ys an image. Th\n+00018580: 6520 696d 6167 6520 6973 2073 6361 6c65 e image is scale\n+00018590: 6420 746f 0a20 2020 2020 6669 7420 7468 d to. fit th\n+000185a0: 6520 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 742e 0a0a 2020 e component... \n+000185b0: 2020 2050 726f 7065 7274 6965 733a 0a0a Properties:..\n+000185c0: 2020 2020 2066 696c 6520 2020 2020 2020 file \n+000185d0: 2020 2020 5468 6520 6675 6c6c 2070 6174 The full pat\n+000185e0: 6820 746f 2074 6865 2069 6d61 6765 2066 h to the image f\n+000185f0: 696c 6520 746f 206c 6f61 642e 0a0a 2020 ile to load... \n+00018600: 20e2 80a2 2070 726f 6772 6573 735f 6261 ... progress_ba\n+00018610: 7220 4469 7370 6c61 7973 2061 2068 6f72 r Displays a hor\n+00018620: 697a 6f6e 7461 6c6c 7920 6f72 6965 6e74 izontally orient\n+00018630: 6564 2070 726f 6772 6573 7320 6261 722e ed progress bar.\n+00018640: 2020 4974 2063 616e 0a20 2020 2020 6265 It can. be\n+00018650: 2072 656e 6465 7265 6420 7573 696e 6720 rendered using \n+00018660: 7369 6d70 6c65 2073 6f6c 6964 2066 696c simple solid fil\n+00018670: 6c65 6420 7265 6374 616e 676c 6573 2c20 led rectangles, \n+00018680: 6f72 2075 7369 6e67 2061 2070 6169 720a or using a pair.\n+00018690: 2020 2020 206f 6620 7069 786d 6170 2073 of pixmap s\n+000186a0: 7479 6c65 6420 626f 7865 732e 0a0a 2020 tyled boxes... \n+000186b0: 2020 2050 726f 7065 7274 6965 733a 0a0a Properties:..\n+000186c0: 2020 2020 2069 6420 2020 2020 2020 2020 id \n+000186d0: 2020 2020 5365 7420 746f 2022 5f5f 7469 Set to \"__ti\n+000186e0: 6d65 6f75 745f 5f22 2074 6f20 6469 7370 meout__\" to disp\n+000186f0: 6c61 7920 7468 6520 7469 6d65 2065 6c61 lay the time ela\n+00018700: 7073 6564 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 psed. \n+00018710: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6f20 616e 2061 to an a\n+00018720: 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 2062 6f6f 7420 utomatical boot \n+00018730: 6f66 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2065 of the default e\n+00018740: 6e74 7279 2e0a 2020 2020 2066 675f 636f ntry.. fg_co\n+00018750: 6c6f 7220 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 666f lor The fo\n+00018760: 7265 6772 6f75 6e64 2063 6f6c 6f72 2066 reground color f\n+00018770: 6f72 2070 6c61 696e 2073 6f6c 6964 2063 or plain solid c\n+00018780: 6f6c 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 olor. \n+00018790: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2072 656e 6465 7269 renderi\n+000187a0: 6e67 2e0a 2020 2020 2062 675f 636f 6c6f ng.. bg_colo\n+000187b0: 7220 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 6261 636b r The back\n+000187c0: 6772 6f75 6e64 2063 6f6c 6f72 2066 6f72 ground color for\n+000187d0: 2070 6c61 696e 2073 6f6c 6964 2063 6f6c plain solid col\n+000187e0: 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 or. \n+000187f0: 2020 2020 2020 2072 656e 6465 7269 6e67 rendering\n+00018800: 2e0a 2020 2020 2062 6f72 6465 725f 636f .. border_co\n+00018810: 6c6f 7220 2020 5468 6520 626f 7264 6572 lor The border\n+00018820: 2063 6f6c 6f72 2066 6f72 2070 6c61 696e color for plain\n+00018830: 2073 6f6c 6964 2063 6f6c 6f72 0a20 2020 solid color. \n+00018840: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00018850: 2072 656e 6465 7269 6e67 2e0a 2020 2020 rendering.. \n+00018860: 2074 6578 745f 636f 6c6f 7220 2020 2020 text_color \n+00018870: 5468 6520 7465 7874 2063 6f6c 6f72 2e0a The text color..\n+00018880: 2020 2020 2062 6172 5f73 7479 6c65 2020 bar_style \n+00018890: 2020 2020 5468 6520 7374 796c 6564 2062 The styled b\n+000188a0: 6f78 2073 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e ox specification\n+000188b0: 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2066 7261 6d65 206f for the frame o\n+000188c0: 660a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 f. \n+000188d0: 2020 2020 2020 7468 6520 7072 6f67 7265 the progre\n+000188e0: 7373 2062 6172 2e20 2045 7861 6d70 6c65 ss bar. Example\n+000188f0: 3a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :. \n+00018900: 2020 2020 2020 2270 726f 6772 6573 735f \"progress_\n+00018910: 6672 616d 655f 2a2e 706e 6722 2049 6620 frame_*.png\" If \n+00018920: 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6973 2065 7175 the value is equ\n+00018930: 616c 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 al to. \n+00018940: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2268 6967 686c \"highl\n+00018950: 6967 6874 5f73 7479 6c65 2220 7468 656e ight_style\" then\n+00018960: 206e 6f20 7374 796c 6564 2062 6f78 6573 no styled boxes\n+00018970: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 0a20 2020 2020 2020 will be. \n+00018980: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 686f sho\n+00018990: 776e 2e0a 2020 2020 2068 6967 686c 6967 wn.. highlig\n+000189a0: 6874 5f73 7479 6c65 5468 6520 7374 796c ht_styleThe styl\n+000189b0: 6564 2062 6f78 2073 7065 6369 6669 6361 ed box specifica\n+000189c0: 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2068 6967 tion for the hig\n+000189d0: 686c 6967 6874 6564 0a20 2020 2020 2020 hlighted. \n+000189e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2072 6567 reg\n+000189f0: 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2070 726f 6772 ion of the progr\n+00018a00: 6573 7320 6261 722e 2020 5468 6973 2062 ess bar. This b\n+00018a10: 6f78 2077 696c 6c20 6265 0a20 2020 2020 ox will be. \n+00018a20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2075 u\n+00018a30: 7365 6420 746f 2070 6169 6e74 206a 7573 sed to paint jus\n+00018a40: 7420 7468 6520 6869 6768 6c69 6768 7465 t the highlighte\n+00018a50: 6420 7265 6769 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 650a d region of the.\n+00018a60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00018a70: 2020 2020 6261 722c 2061 6e64 2077 696c bar, and wil\n+00018a80: 6c20 6265 2069 6e63 7265 6173 6564 2069 l be increased i\n+00018a90: 6e20 7369 7a65 2061 7320 7468 6520 6261 n size as the ba\n+00018aa0: 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 r. \n+00018ab0: 2020 2020 2020 6e65 6172 7320 636f 6d70 nears comp\n+00018ac0: 6c65 7469 6f6e 2e20 2045 7861 6d70 6c65 letion. Example\n+00018ad0: 3a20 2270 726f 6772 6573 735f 686c 5f2a : \"progress_hl_*\n+00018ae0: 2e70 6e67 222e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 .png\".. \n+00018af0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2049 6620 7468 If th\n+00018b00: 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6973 2065 7175 616c e value is equal\n+00018b10: 2074 6f20 2262 6172 5f73 7479 6c65 2220 to \"bar_style\" \n+00018b20: 7468 656e 206e 6f0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 then no. \n+00018b30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7374 796c styl\n+00018b40: 6564 2062 6f78 6573 2077 696c 6c20 6265 ed boxes will be\n+00018b50: 2073 686f 776e 2e0a 2020 2020 2068 6967 shown.. hig\n+00018b60: 686c 6967 6874 5f6f 7665 726c 6179 4966 hlight_overlayIf\n+00018b70: 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 this option is \n+00018b80: 7365 7420 746f 2022 7472 7565 2220 7468 set to \"true\" th\n+00018b90: 656e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 en the. \n+00018ba0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2068 6967 686c highl\n+00018bb0: 6967 6874 2062 6f78 2073 6964 6520 736c ight box side sl\n+00018bc0: 6963 6573 2028 6576 6572 7920 736c 6963 ices (every slic\n+00018bd0: 6520 6578 6365 7074 0a20 2020 2020 2020 e except. \n+00018be0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6865 the\n+00018bf0: 2063 656e 7465 7220 736c 6963 6529 2077 center slice) w\n+00018c00: 696c 6c20 6f76 6572 6c61 7920 7468 6520 ill overlay the \n+00018c10: 6672 616d 6520 626f 780a 2020 2020 2020 frame box. \n+00018c20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7369 si\n+00018c30: 6465 2073 6c69 6365 732e 2020 416e 6420 de slices. And \n+00018c40: 7468 6520 6365 6e74 6572 2073 6c69 6365 the center slice\n+00018c50: 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 of the. \n+00018c60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6869 6768 high\n+00018c70: 6c69 6768 7420 626f 7820 6361 6e20 6d6f light box can mo\n+00018c80: 7665 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 2077 6179 2028 ve all the way (\n+00018c90: 6672 6f6d 2074 6f70 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 from top to. \n+00018ca0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00018cb0: 626f 7474 6f6d 292c 2062 6569 6e67 2064 bottom), being d\n+00018cc0: 7261 776e 206f 6e20 7468 6520 6365 6e74 rawn on the cent\n+00018cd0: 6572 2073 6c69 6365 206f 6620 7468 650a er slice of the.\n+00018ce0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00018cf0: 2020 2020 6672 616d 6520 626f 782e 2020 frame box. \n+00018d00: 5468 6174 2077 6179 2077 6520 6361 6e20 That way we can \n+00018d10: 6d61 6b65 2061 2070 726f 6772 6573 7320 make a progress \n+00018d20: 6261 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 bar. \n+00018d30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7769 7468 2072 6f75 with rou\n+00018d40: 6e64 2d73 6861 7065 6420 6564 6765 7320 nd-shaped edges \n+00018d50: 736f 2074 6865 7265 2077 6f6e 2774 2062 so there won't b\n+00018d60: 6520 6120 6672 6565 0a20 2020 2020 2020 e a free. \n+00018d70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 7061 spa\n+00018d80: 6365 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 6869 6768 ce from the high\n+00018d90: 6c69 6768 7420 746f 2074 6865 2066 7261 light to the fra\n+00018da0: 6d65 2069 6e20 746f 7020 616e 640a 2020 me in top and. \n+00018db0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00018dc0: 2020 626f 7474 6f6d 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 bottom scrollb\n+00018dd0: 6172 2070 6f73 6974 696f 6e73 2e20 2044 ar positions. D\n+00018de0: 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 2266 616c 7365 efault is \"false\n+00018df0: 222e 0a20 2020 2020 666f 6e74 2020 2020 \".. font \n+00018e00: 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 2066 6f6e 7420 The font \n+00018e10: 746f 2075 7365 2066 6f72 2070 726f 6772 to use for progr\n+00018e20: 6573 7320 6261 722e 0a20 2020 2020 7465 ess bar.. te\n+00018e30: 7874 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 xt The\n+00018e40: 2074 6578 7420 746f 2064 6973 706c 6179 text to display\n+00018e50: 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7072 6f67 7265 7373 on the progress\n+00018e60: 2062 6172 2e20 2049 6620 7468 650a 2020 bar. If the. \n+00018e70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00018e80: 2020 7072 6f67 7265 7373 2062 6172 2773 progress bar's\n+00018e90: 2049 4420 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f20 225f ID is set to \"_\n+00018ea0: 5f74 696d 656f 7574 5f5f 2220 616e 640a _timeout__\" and.\n+00018eb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00018ec0: 2020 2020 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 the value of\n+00018ed0: 2074 6869 7320 7072 6f70 6572 7479 2069 this property i\n+00018ee0: 7320 7365 7420 746f 0a20 2020 2020 2020 s set to. \n+00018ef0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 4054 \"@T\n+00018f00: 494d 454f 5554 5f4e 4f54 4946 4943 4154 IMEOUT_NOTIFICAT\n+00018f10: 494f 4e5f 5348 4f52 5440 222c 0a20 2020 ION_SHORT@\",. \n+00018f20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00018f30: 2022 4054 494d 454f 5554 5f4e 4f54 4946 \"@TIMEOUT_NOTIF\n+00018f40: 4943 4154 494f 4e5f 4d49 4444 4c45 4022 ICATION_MIDDLE@\"\n+00018f50: 206f 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 or. \n+00018f60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2240 5449 4d45 4f55 \"@TIMEOU\n+00018f70: 545f 4e4f 5449 4649 4341 5449 4f4e 5f4c T_NOTIFICATION_L\n+00018f80: 4f4e 4740 222c 2074 6865 6e20 4752 5542 ONG@\", then GRUB\n+00018f90: 2077 696c 6c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 will. \n+00018fa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7570 6461 7465 update\n+00018fb0: 2074 6869 7320 7072 6f70 6572 7479 2077 this property w\n+00018fc0: 6974 6820 616e 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 ith an informati\n+00018fd0: 7665 206d 6573 7361 6765 0a20 2020 2020 ve message. \n+00018fe0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2061 a\n+00018ff0: 7320 7468 6520 7469 6d65 6f75 7420 6170 s the timeout ap\n+00019000: 7072 6f61 6368 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 proaches... ..\n+00019010: a220 6369 7263 756c 6172 5f70 726f 6772 . circular_progr\n+00019020: 6573 7320 4469 7370 6c61 7973 2061 2063 ess Displays a c\n+00019030: 6972 6375 6c61 7220 7072 6f67 7265 7373 ircular progress\n+00019040: 2069 6e64 6963 6174 6f72 2e20 2054 6865 indicator. The\n+00019050: 0a20 2020 2020 6170 7065 6172 616e 6365 . appearance\n+00019060: 206f 6620 7468 6973 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 of this compone\n+00019070: 6e74 2069 7320 6465 7465 726d 696e 6564 nt is determined\n+00019080: 2062 7920 7477 6f20 696d 6167 6573 3a20 by two images: \n+00019090: 7468 650a 2020 2020 202a 6365 6e74 6572 the. *center\n+000190a0: 2a20 696d 6167 6520 616e 6420 7468 6520 * image and the \n+000190b0: 2a74 6963 6b2a 2069 6d61 6765 2e20 2054 *tick* image. T\n+000190c0: 6865 2063 656e 7465 7220 696d 6167 6520 he center image \n+000190d0: 6973 2067 656e 6572 616c 6c79 0a20 2020 is generally. \n+000190e0: 2020 6c61 7267 6572 2061 6e64 2077 696c larger and wil\n+000190f0: 6c20 6265 2064 7261 776e 2069 6e20 7468 l be drawn in th\n+00019100: 6520 6365 6e74 6572 206f 6620 7468 6520 e center of the \n+00019110: 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 742e 2020 4172 6f75 component. Arou\n+00019120: 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 6369 7263 nd. the circ\n+00019130: 756d 6665 7265 6e63 6520 6f66 2061 2063 umference of a c\n+00019140: 6972 636c 6520 7769 7468 696e 2074 6865 ircle within the\n+00019150: 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2c20 7468 6520 component, the \n+00019160: 7469 636b 2069 6d61 6765 0a20 2020 2020 tick image. \n+00019170: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6472 6177 6e20 6120 will be drawn a \n+00019180: 6365 7274 6169 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 206f certain number o\n+00019190: 6620 7469 6d65 732c 2064 6570 656e 6469 f times, dependi\n+000191a0: 6e67 206f 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2070 ng on the. p\n+000191b0: 726f 7065 7274 6965 7320 6f66 2074 6865 roperties of the\n+000191c0: 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2e0a 0a20 2020 component... \n+000191d0: 2020 5072 6f70 6572 7469 6573 3a0a 0a20 Properties:.. \n+000191e0: 2020 2020 6964 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 id \n+000191f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 6574 2074 Set t\n+00019200: 6f20 225f 5f74 696d 656f 7574 5f5f 2220 o \"__timeout__\" \n+00019210: 746f 2064 6973 706c 6179 2074 6865 2074 to display the t\n+00019220: 696d 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ime. \n 00019230: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019240: 2020 2020 2020 2020 656c 6170 7365 6420 elapsed \n-00019250: 746f 2061 6e20 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6361 to an automatica\n-00019260: 6c20 626f 6f74 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 l boot of the. \n+00019240: 656c 6170 7365 6420 746f 2061 6e20 6175 elapsed to an au\n+00019250: 746f 6d61 7469 6361 6c20 626f 6f74 206f tomatical boot o\n+00019260: 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 f the. \n 00019270: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019280: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6465 6661 756c defaul\n-00019290: 7420 656e 7472 792e 0a20 2020 2020 6365 t entry.. ce\n-000192a0: 6e74 6572 5f62 6974 6d61 7020 2020 2020 nter_bitmap \n-000192b0: 2020 2020 2054 6865 2066 696c 6520 6e61 The file na\n-000192c0: 6d65 206f 6620 7468 6520 696d 6167 6520 me of the image \n-000192d0: 746f 2064 7261 7720 696e 2074 6865 0a20 to draw in the. \n+00019280: 2020 6465 6661 756c 7420 656e 7472 792e default entry.\n+00019290: 0a20 2020 2020 6365 6e74 6572 5f62 6974 . center_bit\n+000192a0: 6d61 7020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 map The\n+000192b0: 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 206f 6620 7468 file name of th\n+000192c0: 6520 696d 6167 6520 746f 2064 7261 7720 e image to draw \n+000192d0: 696e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 in the. \n 000192e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000192f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 656e 7465 cente\n-00019300: 7220 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 r of the compone\n-00019310: 6e74 2e0a 2020 2020 2074 6963 6b5f 6269 nt.. tick_bi\n-00019320: 746d 6170 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 tmap \n-00019330: 5468 6520 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 6f66 The file name of\n-00019340: 2074 6865 2069 6d61 6765 2074 6f20 6472 the image to dr\n-00019350: 6177 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 aw for. \n-00019360: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019370: 2020 2074 6865 2074 6963 6b20 6d61 726b the tick mark\n-00019380: 732e 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d5f 7469 636b s.. num_tick\n-00019390: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 s T\n-000193a0: 6865 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2074 6963 he number of tic\n-000193b0: 6b73 2074 6861 7420 6d61 6b65 2075 7020 ks that make up \n-000193c0: 6120 6675 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 a full. \n-000193d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000193e0: 2020 2063 6972 636c 652e 0a20 2020 2020 circle.. \n-000193f0: 7469 636b 735f 6469 7361 7070 6561 7220 ticks_disappear \n-00019400: 2020 2020 2020 2042 6f6f 6c65 616e 2076 Boolean v\n-00019410: 616c 7565 2069 6e64 6963 6174 696e 6720 alue indicating \n-00019420: 7768 6574 6865 7220 7469 636b 0a20 2020 whether tick. \n+000192f0: 2020 2063 656e 7465 7220 6f66 2074 6865 center of the\n+00019300: 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2e0a 2020 2020 component.. \n+00019310: 2074 6963 6b5f 6269 746d 6170 2020 2020 tick_bitmap \n+00019320: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 6669 6c65 The file\n+00019330: 206e 616d 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2069 6d61 name of the ima\n+00019340: 6765 2074 6f20 6472 6177 2066 6f72 0a20 ge to draw for. \n+00019350: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00019360: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6865 2074 the t\n+00019370: 6963 6b20 6d61 726b 732e 0a20 2020 2020 ick marks.. \n+00019380: 6e75 6d5f 7469 636b 7320 2020 2020 2020 num_ticks \n+00019390: 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 206e 756d 6265 The numbe\n+000193a0: 7220 6f66 2074 6963 6b73 2074 6861 7420 r of ticks that \n+000193b0: 6d61 6b65 2075 7020 6120 6675 6c6c 0a20 make up a full. \n+000193c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000193d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 6972 636c circl\n+000193e0: 652e 0a20 2020 2020 7469 636b 735f 6469 e.. ticks_di\n+000193f0: 7361 7070 6561 7220 2020 2020 2020 2042 sappear B\n+00019400: 6f6f 6c65 616e 2076 616c 7565 2069 6e64 oolean value ind\n+00019410: 6963 6174 696e 6720 7768 6574 6865 7220 icating whether \n+00019420: 7469 636b 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 tick. \n 00019430: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019440: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206d 6172 6b73 2073 marks s\n-00019450: 686f 756c 6420 7072 6f67 7265 7373 6976 hould progressiv\n-00019460: 656c 7920 6170 7065 6172 2c20 6f72 0a20 ely appear, or. \n+00019440: 206d 6172 6b73 2073 686f 756c 6420 7072 marks should pr\n+00019450: 6f67 7265 7373 6976 656c 7920 6170 7065 ogressively appe\n+00019460: 6172 2c20 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ar, or. \n 00019470: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019480: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 726f 6772 progr\n-00019490: 6573 7369 7665 6c79 2064 6973 6170 7065 essively disappe\n-000194a0: 6172 2061 7320 2a76 616c 7565 2a0a 2020 ar as *value*. \n+00019480: 2020 2070 726f 6772 6573 7369 7665 6c79 progressively\n+00019490: 2064 6973 6170 7065 6172 2061 7320 2a76 disappear as *v\n+000194a0: 616c 7565 2a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 alue*. \n 000194b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000194c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6170 7072 6f61 approa\n-000194d0: 6368 6573 202a 656e 642a 2e20 2053 7065 ches *end*. Spe\n-000194e0: 6369 6679 2022 7472 7565 2220 6f72 0a20 cify \"true\" or. \n+000194c0: 2020 6170 7072 6f61 6368 6573 202a 656e approaches *en\n+000194d0: 642a 2e20 2053 7065 6369 6679 2022 7472 d*. Specify \"tr\n+000194e0: 7565 2220 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ue\" or. \n 000194f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019500: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 6661 6c73 \"fals\n-00019510: 6522 2e20 2044 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 e\". Default is \n-00019520: 2266 616c 7365 222e 0a20 2020 2020 7374 \"false\".. st\n-00019530: 6172 745f 616e 676c 6520 2020 2020 2020 art_angle \n-00019540: 2020 2020 2054 6865 2070 6f73 6974 696f The positio\n-00019550: 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 2074 n of the first t\n-00019560: 6963 6b20 6d61 726b 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 ick mark to. \n+00019500: 2020 2022 6661 6c73 6522 2e20 2044 6566 \"false\". Def\n+00019510: 6175 6c74 2069 7320 2266 616c 7365 222e ault is \"false\".\n+00019520: 0a20 2020 2020 7374 6172 745f 616e 676c . start_angl\n+00019530: 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 e The\n+00019540: 2070 6f73 6974 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 position of the\n+00019550: 2066 6972 7374 2074 6963 6b20 6d61 726b first tick mark\n+00019560: 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 to. \n 00019570: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019580: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6170 7065 6172 206f appear o\n-00019590: 7220 6469 7361 7070 6561 722e 2020 4d65 r disappear. Me\n-000195a0: 6173 7572 6564 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 asured in. \n-000195b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000195c0: 2020 2020 2020 2270 6172 726f 7473 222c \"parrots\",\n-000195d0: 2031 2022 7061 7272 6f74 2220 3d20 3120 1 \"parrot\" = 1 \n-000195e0: 2f20 3235 3620 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 / 256 of the. \n+00019580: 6170 7065 6172 206f 7220 6469 7361 7070 appear or disapp\n+00019590: 6561 722e 2020 4d65 6173 7572 6564 2069 ear. Measured i\n+000195a0: 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 n. \n+000195b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2270 \"p\n+000195c0: 6172 726f 7473 222c 2031 2022 7061 7272 arrots\", 1 \"parr\n+000195d0: 6f74 2220 3d20 3120 2f20 3235 3620 6f66 ot\" = 1 / 256 of\n+000195e0: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 the. \n 000195f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019600: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2066 756c 6c20 6369 full ci\n-00019610: 7263 6c65 2e20 2055 7365 2076 616c 7565 rcle. Use value\n-00019620: 7320 2278 7878 2064 6567 2220 6f72 0a20 s \"xxx deg\" or. \n+00019600: 2066 756c 6c20 6369 7263 6c65 2e20 2055 full circle. U\n+00019610: 7365 2076 616c 7565 7320 2278 7878 2064 se values \"xxx d\n+00019620: 6567 2220 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 eg\" or. \n 00019630: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019640: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 7878 7820 \"xxx \n-00019650: 5c78 6332 5c78 6230 2220 746f 2073 6574 \\xc2\\xb0\" to set\n-00019660: 2074 6865 2061 6e67 6c65 2069 6e0a 2020 the angle in. \n+00019640: 2020 2022 7878 7820 5c78 6332 5c78 6230 \"xxx \\xc2\\xb0\n+00019650: 2220 746f 2073 6574 2074 6865 2061 6e67 \" to set the ang\n+00019660: 6c65 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 le in. \n 00019670: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019680: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6465 6772 6565 degree\n-00019690: 732e 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2062 6f6f 745f s... ... boot_\n-000196a0: 6d65 6e75 2044 6973 706c 6179 7320 7468 menu Displays th\n-000196b0: 6520 4752 5542 2062 6f6f 7420 6d65 6e75 e GRUB boot menu\n-000196c0: 2e20 2049 7420 616c 6c6f 7773 2073 656c . It allows sel\n-000196d0: 6563 7469 6e67 2069 7465 6d73 0a20 2020 ecting items. \n-000196e0: 2020 616e 6420 6578 6563 7574 696e 6720 and executing \n-000196f0: 7468 656d 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5072 6f70 them... Prop\n-00019700: 6572 7469 6573 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 6974 erties:.. it\n-00019710: 656d 5f66 6f6e 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 em_font \n-00019720: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 The \n-00019730: 666f 6e74 2074 6f20 7573 6520 666f 7220 font to use for \n-00019740: 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2069 7465 6d0a 2020 the menu item. \n+00019680: 2020 6465 6772 6565 732e 0a0a 2020 20e2 degrees... .\n+00019690: 80a2 2062 6f6f 745f 6d65 6e75 2044 6973 .. boot_menu Dis\n+000196a0: 706c 6179 7320 7468 6520 4752 5542 2062 plays the GRUB b\n+000196b0: 6f6f 7420 6d65 6e75 2e20 2049 7420 616c oot menu. It al\n+000196c0: 6c6f 7773 2073 656c 6563 7469 6e67 2069 lows selecting i\n+000196d0: 7465 6d73 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 6578 tems. and ex\n+000196e0: 6563 7574 696e 6720 7468 656d 2e0a 0a20 ecuting them... \n+000196f0: 2020 2020 5072 6f70 6572 7469 6573 3a0a Properties:.\n+00019700: 0a20 2020 2020 6974 656d 5f66 6f6e 7420 . item_font \n+00019710: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00019720: 2020 2020 5468 6520 666f 6e74 2074 6f20 The font to \n+00019730: 7573 6520 666f 7220 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 use for the menu\n+00019740: 2069 7465 6d0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 item. \n 00019750: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019760: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019770: 2074 6974 6c65 732e 0a20 2020 2020 7365 titles.. se\n-00019780: 6c65 6374 6564 5f69 7465 6d5f 666f 6e74 lected_item_font\n-00019790: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 The \n-000197a0: 666f 6e74 2074 6f20 7573 6520 666f 7220 font to use for \n-000197b0: 7468 6520 7365 6c65 6374 6564 0a20 2020 the selected. \n+00019760: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6974 6c65 732e titles.\n+00019770: 0a20 2020 2020 7365 6c65 6374 6564 5f69 . selected_i\n+00019780: 7465 6d5f 666f 6e74 2020 2020 2020 2020 tem_font \n+00019790: 2020 2020 5468 6520 666f 6e74 2074 6f20 The font to \n+000197a0: 7573 6520 666f 7220 7468 6520 7365 6c65 use for the sele\n+000197b0: 6374 6564 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 cted. \n 000197c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000197d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000197e0: 6d65 6e75 2069 7465 6d2c 206f 7220 2269 menu item, or \"i\n-000197f0: 6e68 6572 6974 2220 2874 6865 0a20 2020 nherit\" (the. \n+000197d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 2069 7465 menu ite\n+000197e0: 6d2c 206f 7220 2269 6e68 6572 6974 2220 m, or \"inherit\" \n+000197f0: 2874 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 (the. \n 00019800: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019810: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019820: 6465 6661 756c 7429 2074 6f20 7573 6520 default) to use \n-00019830: 2269 7465 6d5f 666f 6e74 2220 666f 720a \"item_font\" for.\n+00019810: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6465 6661 756c 7429 default)\n+00019820: 2074 6f20 7573 6520 2269 7465 6d5f 666f to use \"item_fo\n+00019830: 6e74 2220 666f 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 nt\" for. \n 00019840: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019850: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019860: 2020 2074 6865 2073 656c 6563 7465 6420 the selected \n-00019870: 6d65 6e75 2069 7465 6d20 6173 2077 656c menu item as wel\n-00019880: 6c2e 0a20 2020 2020 6974 656d 5f63 6f6c l.. item_col\n-00019890: 6f72 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 or \n-000198a0: 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 636f 6c6f 7220 The color \n-000198b0: 746f 2075 7365 2066 6f72 2074 6865 206d to use for the m\n-000198c0: 656e 7520 6974 656d 0a20 2020 2020 2020 enu item. \n+00019850: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6865 2073 the s\n+00019860: 656c 6563 7465 6420 6d65 6e75 2069 7465 elected menu ite\n+00019870: 6d20 6173 2077 656c 6c2e 0a20 2020 2020 m as well.. \n+00019880: 6974 656d 5f63 6f6c 6f72 2020 2020 2020 item_color \n+00019890: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 Th\n+000198a0: 6520 636f 6c6f 7220 746f 2075 7365 2066 e color to use f\n+000198b0: 6f72 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 6974 656d or the menu item\n+000198c0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n 000198d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000198e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7469 746c titl\n-000198f0: 6573 2e0a 2020 2020 2073 656c 6563 7465 es.. selecte\n-00019900: 645f 6974 656d 5f63 6f6c 6f72 2020 2020 d_item_color \n-00019910: 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 2063 6f6c 6f72 The color\n-00019920: 2074 6f20 7573 6520 666f 7220 7468 6520 to use for the \n-00019930: 7365 6c65 6374 6564 0a20 2020 2020 2020 selected. \n+000198e0: 2020 2020 7469 746c 6573 2e0a 2020 2020 titles.. \n+000198f0: 2073 656c 6563 7465 645f 6974 656d 5f63 selected_item_c\n+00019900: 6f6c 6f72 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 olor T\n+00019910: 6865 2063 6f6c 6f72 2074 6f20 7573 6520 he color to use \n+00019920: 666f 7220 7468 6520 7365 6c65 6374 6564 for the selected\n+00019930: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n 00019940: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019950: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 menu\n-00019960: 2069 7465 6d2c 206f 7220 2269 6e68 6572 item, or \"inher\n-00019970: 6974 2220 2874 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 it\" (the. \n+00019950: 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 2069 7465 6d2c 206f menu item, o\n+00019960: 7220 2269 6e68 6572 6974 2220 2874 6865 r \"inherit\" (the\n+00019970: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n 00019980: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019990: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6465 6661 defa\n-000199a0: 756c 7429 2074 6f20 7573 6520 2269 7465 ult) to use \"ite\n-000199b0: 6d5f 636f 6c6f 7222 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 m_color\" for. \n+00019990: 2020 2020 6465 6661 756c 7429 2074 6f20 default) to \n+000199a0: 7573 6520 2269 7465 6d5f 636f 6c6f 7222 use \"item_color\"\n+000199b0: 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 for. \n 000199c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000199d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000199e0: 7468 6520 7365 6c65 6374 6564 206d 656e the selected men\n-000199f0: 7520 6974 656d 2061 7320 7765 6c6c 2e0a u item as well..\n-00019a00: 2020 2020 2069 636f 6e5f 7769 6474 6820 icon_width \n-00019a10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019a20: 2020 2054 6865 2077 6964 7468 206f 6620 The width of \n-00019a30: 6d65 6e75 2069 7465 6d20 6963 6f6e 732e menu item icons.\n-00019a40: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-00019a50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019a60: 2020 2020 4963 6f6e 7320 6172 6520 7363 Icons are sc\n-00019a70: 616c 6564 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7370 6563 aled to the spec\n-00019a80: 6966 6965 640a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ified. \n+000199d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7468 6520 7365 6c65 the sele\n+000199e0: 6374 6564 206d 656e 7520 6974 656d 2061 cted menu item a\n+000199f0: 7320 7765 6c6c 2e0a 2020 2020 2069 636f s well.. ico\n+00019a00: 6e5f 7769 6474 6820 2020 2020 2020 2020 n_width \n+00019a10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 2077 The w\n+00019a20: 6964 7468 206f 6620 6d65 6e75 2069 7465 idth of menu ite\n+00019a30: 6d20 6963 6f6e 732e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 m icons.. \n+00019a40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00019a50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4963 6f6e Icon\n+00019a60: 7320 6172 6520 7363 616c 6564 2074 6f20 s are scaled to \n+00019a70: 7468 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 640a 2020 the specified. \n+00019a80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 00019a90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019aa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 697a 652e 0a20 size.. \n-00019ab0: 2020 2020 6963 6f6e 5f68 6569 6768 7420 icon_height \n-00019ac0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019ad0: 2020 5468 6520 6865 6967 6874 206f 6620 The height of \n-00019ae0: 6d65 6e75 2069 7465 6d20 6963 6f6e 732e menu item icons.\n-00019af0: 0a20 2020 2020 6974 656d 5f68 6569 6768 . item_heigh\n-00019b00: 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t \n-00019b10: 2020 2020 5468 6520 6865 6967 6874 206f The height o\n-00019b20: 6620 6561 6368 206d 656e 7520 6974 656d f each menu item\n-00019b30: 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 in. \n-00019b40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019b50: 2020 2020 2020 2070 6978 656c 732e 0a20 pixels.. \n-00019b60: 2020 2020 6974 656d 5f70 6164 6469 6e67 item_padding\n-00019b70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019b80: 2020 5468 6520 616d 6f75 6e74 206f 6620 The amount of \n-00019b90: 7370 6163 6520 696e 2070 6978 656c 7320 space in pixels \n-00019ba0: 746f 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 to. \n-00019bb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019bc0: 2020 2020 2020 6c65 6176 6520 6f6e 2065 leave on e\n-00019bd0: 6163 6820 7369 6465 206f 6620 7468 6520 ach side of the \n-00019be0: 6d65 6e75 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 menu. \n+00019aa0: 2073 697a 652e 0a20 2020 2020 6963 6f6e size.. icon\n+00019ab0: 5f68 6569 6768 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 _height \n+00019ac0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 6865 The he\n+00019ad0: 6967 6874 206f 6620 6d65 6e75 2069 7465 ight of menu ite\n+00019ae0: 6d20 6963 6f6e 732e 0a20 2020 2020 6974 m icons.. it\n+00019af0: 656d 5f68 6569 6768 7420 2020 2020 2020 em_height \n+00019b00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 The \n+00019b10: 6865 6967 6874 206f 6620 6561 6368 206d height of each m\n+00019b20: 656e 7520 6974 656d 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 enu item in. \n+00019b30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00019b40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 p\n+00019b50: 6978 656c 732e 0a20 2020 2020 6974 656d ixels.. item\n+00019b60: 5f70 6164 6469 6e67 2020 2020 2020 2020 _padding \n+00019b70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 616d The am\n+00019b80: 6f75 6e74 206f 6620 7370 6163 6520 696e ount of space in\n+00019b90: 2070 6978 656c 7320 746f 0a20 2020 2020 pixels to. \n+00019ba0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00019bb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6c65 le\n+00019bc0: 6176 6520 6f6e 2065 6163 6820 7369 6465 ave on each side\n+00019bd0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 0a20 2020 of the menu. \n+00019be0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 00019bf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019c00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6974 656d 2063 6f6e item con\n-00019c10: 7465 6e74 732e 0a20 2020 2020 6974 656d tents.. item\n-00019c20: 5f69 636f 6e5f 7370 6163 6520 2020 2020 _icon_space \n-00019c30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 7370 The sp\n-00019c40: 6163 6520 6265 7477 6565 6e20 616e 2069 ace between an i\n-00019c50: 7465 6d27 7320 6963 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 tem's icon. \n+00019c00: 6974 656d 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 732e 0a20 item contents.. \n+00019c10: 2020 2020 6974 656d 5f69 636f 6e5f 7370 item_icon_sp\n+00019c20: 6163 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ace \n+00019c30: 2020 5468 6520 7370 6163 6520 6265 7477 The space betw\n+00019c40: 6565 6e20 616e 2069 7465 6d27 7320 6963 een an item's ic\n+00019c50: 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 on. \n 00019c60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019c70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 616e an\n-00019c80: 6420 7468 6520 7469 746c 6520 7465 7874 d the title text\n-00019c90: 2c20 696e 2070 6978 656c 732e 0a20 2020 , in pixels.. \n-00019ca0: 2020 6974 656d 5f73 7061 6369 6e67 2020 item_spacing \n-00019cb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019cc0: 5468 6520 616d 6f75 6e74 206f 6620 7370 The amount of sp\n-00019cd0: 6163 6520 746f 206c 6561 7665 0a20 2020 ace to leave. \n+00019c70: 2020 2020 2020 616e 6420 7468 6520 7469 and the ti\n+00019c80: 746c 6520 7465 7874 2c20 696e 2070 6978 tle text, in pix\n+00019c90: 656c 732e 0a20 2020 2020 6974 656d 5f73 els.. item_s\n+00019ca0: 7061 6369 6e67 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 pacing \n+00019cb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 616d 6f75 The amou\n+00019cc0: 6e74 206f 6620 7370 6163 6520 746f 206c nt of space to l\n+00019cd0: 6561 7665 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 eave. \n 00019ce0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019cf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019d00: 6265 7477 6565 6e20 6d65 6e75 2069 7465 between menu ite\n-00019d10: 6d73 2c20 696e 2070 6978 656c 732e 0a20 ms, in pixels.. \n-00019d20: 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 5f70 6978 6d61 705f menu_pixmap_\n-00019d30: 7374 796c 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 style \n-00019d40: 2020 5468 6520 696d 6167 6520 6669 6c65 The image file\n-00019d50: 2070 6174 7465 726e 2066 6f72 2074 6865 pattern for the\n-00019d60: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-00019d70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019d80: 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 2066 7261 6d65 2073 menu frame s\n-00019d90: 7479 6c65 6420 626f 782e 2020 4578 616d tyled box. Exam\n-00019da0: 706c 653a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ple:. \n+00019cf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6265 7477 6565 6e20 between \n+00019d00: 6d65 6e75 2069 7465 6d73 2c20 696e 2070 menu items, in p\n+00019d10: 6978 656c 732e 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 ixels.. menu\n+00019d20: 5f70 6978 6d61 705f 7374 796c 6520 2020 _pixmap_style \n+00019d30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 696d The im\n+00019d40: 6167 6520 6669 6c65 2070 6174 7465 726e age file pattern\n+00019d50: 2066 6f72 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 for the. \n+00019d60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00019d70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 menu\n+00019d80: 2066 7261 6d65 2073 7479 6c65 6420 626f frame styled bo\n+00019d90: 782e 2020 4578 616d 706c 653a 0a20 2020 x. Example:. \n+00019da0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 00019db0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019dc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 226d 656e 755f 2a2e \"menu_*.\n-00019dd0: 706e 6722 2028 7468 6973 2077 696c 6c20 png\" (this will \n-00019de0: 7573 6520 696d 6167 6573 0a20 2020 2020 use images. \n+00019dc0: 226d 656e 755f 2a2e 706e 6722 2028 7468 \"menu_*.png\" (th\n+00019dd0: 6973 2077 696c 6c20 7573 6520 696d 6167 is will use imag\n+00019de0: 6573 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 es. \n 00019df0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019e00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7375 su\n-00019e10: 6368 2061 7320 226d 656e 755f 632e 706e ch as \"menu_c.pn\n-00019e20: 6722 2c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 g\",. \n-00019e30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019e40: 2020 2020 2020 2022 6d65 6e75 5f77 2e70 \"menu_w.p\n-00019e50: 6e67 222c 2027 6d65 6e75 5f6e 772e 706e ng\", 'menu_nw.pn\n-00019e60: 6722 2c20 6574 632e 290a 2020 2020 2069 g\", etc.). i\n-00019e70: 7465 6d5f 7069 786d 6170 5f73 7479 6c65 tem_pixmap_style\n-00019e80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 The\n-00019e90: 2069 6d61 6765 2066 696c 6520 7061 7474 image file patt\n-00019ea0: 6572 6e20 666f 7220 7468 650a 2020 2020 ern for the. \n+00019e00: 2020 2020 2020 7375 6368 2061 7320 226d such as \"m\n+00019e10: 656e 755f 632e 706e 6722 2c0a 2020 2020 enu_c.png\",. \n+00019e20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00019e30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 \"\n+00019e40: 6d65 6e75 5f77 2e70 6e67 222c 2027 6d65 menu_w.png\", 'me\n+00019e50: 6e75 5f6e 772e 706e 6722 2c20 6574 632e nu_nw.png\", etc.\n+00019e60: 290a 2020 2020 2069 7465 6d5f 7069 786d ). item_pixm\n+00019e70: 6170 5f73 7479 6c65 2020 2020 2020 2020 ap_style \n+00019e80: 2020 2020 2054 6865 2069 6d61 6765 2066 The image f\n+00019e90: 696c 6520 7061 7474 6572 6e20 666f 7220 ile pattern for \n+00019ea0: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 the. \n 00019eb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019ec0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 i\n-00019ed0: 7465 6d20 7374 796c 6564 2062 6f78 2e0a tem styled box..\n-00019ee0: 2020 2020 2073 656c 6563 7465 645f 6974 selected_it\n-00019ef0: 656d 5f70 6978 6d61 705f 7374 796c 6520 em_pixmap_style \n-00019f00: 2020 2054 6865 2069 6d61 6765 2066 696c The image fil\n-00019f10: 6520 7061 7474 6572 6e20 666f 7220 7468 e pattern for th\n-00019f20: 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e. \n-00019f30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019f40: 2020 2020 2073 656c 6563 7465 6420 6974 selected it\n-00019f50: 656d 2068 6967 686c 6967 6874 2073 7479 em highlight sty\n-00019f60: 6c65 640a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 led. \n-00019f70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019f80: 2020 2020 2020 2062 6f78 2e0a 2020 2020 box.. \n-00019f90: 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2020 2020 2020 scrollbar \n-00019fa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2042 B\n-00019fb0: 6f6f 6c65 616e 2076 616c 7565 2069 6e64 oolean value ind\n-00019fc0: 6963 6174 696e 6720 7768 6574 6865 720a icating whether.\n+00019ec0: 2020 2020 2020 2069 7465 6d20 7374 796c item styl\n+00019ed0: 6564 2062 6f78 2e0a 2020 2020 2073 656c ed box.. sel\n+00019ee0: 6563 7465 645f 6974 656d 5f70 6978 6d61 ected_item_pixma\n+00019ef0: 705f 7374 796c 6520 2020 2054 6865 2069 p_style The i\n+00019f00: 6d61 6765 2066 696c 6520 7061 7474 6572 mage file patter\n+00019f10: 6e20 666f 7220 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 n for the. \n+00019f20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00019f30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 656c sel\n+00019f40: 6563 7465 6420 6974 656d 2068 6967 686c ected item highl\n+00019f50: 6967 6874 2073 7479 6c65 640a 2020 2020 ight styled. \n+00019f60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00019f70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2062 b\n+00019f80: 6f78 2e0a 2020 2020 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 ox.. scrollb\n+00019f90: 6172 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ar \n+00019fa0: 2020 2020 2020 2042 6f6f 6c65 616e 2076 Boolean v\n+00019fb0: 616c 7565 2069 6e64 6963 6174 696e 6720 alue indicating \n+00019fc0: 7768 6574 6865 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 whether. \n 00019fd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019fe0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019ff0: 2020 2074 6865 2073 6372 6f6c 6c20 6261 the scroll ba\n-0001a000: 7220 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 6472 6177 r should be draw\n-0001a010: 6e20 6966 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 n if. \n+00019fe0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6865 2073 the s\n+00019ff0: 6372 6f6c 6c20 6261 7220 7368 6f75 6c64 croll bar should\n+0001a000: 2062 6520 6472 6177 6e20 6966 0a20 2020 be drawn if. \n+0001a010: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0001a020: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a030: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7468 6520 6672 616d the fram\n-0001a040: 6520 616e 6420 7468 756d 6220 7374 796c e and thumb styl\n-0001a050: 6564 2062 6f78 6573 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ed boxes. \n+0001a030: 7468 6520 6672 616d 6520 616e 6420 7468 the frame and th\n+0001a040: 756d 6220 7374 796c 6564 2062 6f78 6573 umb styled boxes\n+0001a050: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n 0001a060: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a070: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6172 6520 are \n-0001a080: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2e0a 2020 2020 configured.. \n-0001a090: 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 5f66 7261 6d65 scrollbar_frame\n-0001a0a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 T\n-0001a0b0: 6865 2069 6d61 6765 2066 696c 6520 7061 he image file pa\n-0001a0c0: 7474 6572 6e20 666f 7220 7468 650a 2020 ttern for the. \n+0001a070: 2020 2020 6172 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 are configur\n+0001a080: 6564 2e0a 2020 2020 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 ed.. scrollb\n+0001a090: 6172 5f66 7261 6d65 2020 2020 2020 2020 ar_frame \n+0001a0a0: 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 2069 6d61 6765 The image\n+0001a0b0: 2066 696c 6520 7061 7474 6572 6e20 666f file pattern fo\n+0001a0c0: 7220 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 r the. \n 0001a0d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a0e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a0f0: 2065 6e74 6972 6520 7363 726f 6c6c 2062 entire scroll b\n-0001a100: 6172 2e20 2045 7861 6d70 6c65 3a0a 2020 ar. Example:. \n+0001a0e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2065 6e74 6972 6520 entire \n+0001a0f0: 7363 726f 6c6c 2062 6172 2e20 2045 7861 scroll bar. Exa\n+0001a100: 6d70 6c65 3a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 mple:. \n 0001a110: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a120: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a130: 2022 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 725f 2a2e 706e \"scrollbar_*.pn\n-0001a140: 6722 0a20 2020 2020 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 g\". scrollba\n-0001a150: 725f 7468 756d 6220 2020 2020 2020 2020 r_thumb \n-0001a160: 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 696d 6167 6520 The image \n-0001a170: 6669 6c65 2070 6174 7465 726e 2066 6f72 file pattern for\n-0001a180: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 the. \n+0001a120: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 7363 726f 6c6c \"scroll\n+0001a130: 6261 725f 2a2e 706e 6722 0a20 2020 2020 bar_*.png\". \n+0001a140: 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 725f 7468 756d 6220 scrollbar_thumb \n+0001a150: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 Th\n+0001a160: 6520 696d 6167 6520 6669 6c65 2070 6174 e image file pat\n+0001a170: 7465 726e 2066 6f72 2074 6865 0a20 2020 tern for the. \n+0001a180: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0001a190: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a1a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7363 726f 6c6c 2062 scroll b\n-0001a1b0: 6172 2074 6875 6d62 2028 7468 6520 7061 ar thumb (the pa\n-0001a1c0: 7274 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 rt of the. \n+0001a1a0: 7363 726f 6c6c 2062 6172 2074 6875 6d62 scroll bar thumb\n+0001a1b0: 2028 7468 6520 7061 7274 206f 6620 7468 (the part of th\n+0001a1c0: 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e. \n 0001a1d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a1e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 6372 scr\n-0001a1f0: 6f6c 6c20 6261 7220 7468 6174 206d 6f76 oll bar that mov\n-0001a200: 6573 2061 7320 7363 726f 6c6c 696e 670a es as scrolling.\n+0001a1e0: 2020 2020 2073 6372 6f6c 6c20 6261 7220 scroll bar \n+0001a1f0: 7468 6174 206d 6f76 6573 2061 7320 7363 that moves as sc\n+0001a200: 726f 6c6c 696e 670a 2020 2020 2020 2020 rolling. \n 0001a210: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a220: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a230: 2020 206f 6363 7572 7329 2e20 2045 7861 occurs). Exa\n-0001a240: 6d70 6c65 3a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 mple:. \n+0001a220: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206f 6363 7572 occur\n+0001a230: 7329 2e20 2045 7861 6d70 6c65 3a0a 2020 s). Example:. \n+0001a240: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0001a250: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a260: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 7363 726f 6c6c \"scroll\n-0001a270: 6261 725f 7468 756d 625f 2a2e 706e 6722 bar_thumb_*.png\"\n-0001a280: 0a20 2020 2020 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 725f . scrollbar_\n-0001a290: 7468 756d 625f 6f76 6572 6c61 7920 2020 thumb_overlay \n-0001a2a0: 2020 2020 4966 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 If this opti\n-0001a2b0: 6f6e 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 2022 7472 on is set to \"tr\n-0001a2c0: 7565 220a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ue\". \n-0001a2d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a2e0: 2020 2020 2020 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6520 then the \n-0001a2f0: 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 7220 7468 756d 6220 scrollbar thumb \n-0001a300: 7369 6465 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 side. \n+0001a260: 2022 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 725f 7468 756d \"scrollbar_thum\n+0001a270: 625f 2a2e 706e 6722 0a20 2020 2020 7363 b_*.png\". sc\n+0001a280: 726f 6c6c 6261 725f 7468 756d 625f 6f76 rollbar_thumb_ov\n+0001a290: 6572 6c61 7920 2020 2020 2020 4966 2074 erlay If t\n+0001a2a0: 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 7365 his option is se\n+0001a2b0: 7420 746f 2022 7472 7565 220a 2020 2020 t to \"true\". \n+0001a2c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001a2d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 t\n+0001a2e0: 6865 6e20 7468 6520 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 hen the scrollba\n+0001a2f0: 7220 7468 756d 6220 7369 6465 0a20 2020 r thumb side. \n+0001a300: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0001a310: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a320: 2020 2020 2020 2020 736c 6963 6573 2028 slices (\n-0001a330: 6576 6572 7920 736c 6963 6520 6578 6365 every slice exce\n-0001a340: 7074 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 pt the. \n+0001a320: 736c 6963 6573 2028 6576 6572 7920 736c slices (every sl\n+0001a330: 6963 6520 6578 6365 7074 2074 6865 0a20 ice except the. \n+0001a340: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0001a350: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a360: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6365 6e74 6572 center\n-0001a370: 2073 6c69 6365 2920 7769 6c6c 206f 7665 slice) will ove\n-0001a380: 726c 6179 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 rlay the. \n+0001a360: 2020 6365 6e74 6572 2073 6c69 6365 2920 center slice) \n+0001a370: 7769 6c6c 206f 7665 726c 6179 2074 6865 will overlay the\n+0001a380: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n 0001a390: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a3a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7363 726f scro\n-0001a3b0: 6c6c 6261 7220 6672 616d 6520 7369 6465 llbar frame side\n-0001a3c0: 2073 6c69 6365 732e 2020 416e 640a 2020 slices. And. \n+0001a3a0: 2020 2020 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 7220 6672 scrollbar fr\n+0001a3b0: 616d 6520 7369 6465 2073 6c69 6365 732e ame side slices.\n+0001a3c0: 2020 416e 640a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 And. \n 0001a3d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a3e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a3f0: 2074 6865 2063 656e 7465 7220 736c 6963 the center slic\n-0001a400: 6520 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 e of the. \n+0001a3e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6865 2063 656e the cen\n+0001a3f0: 7465 7220 736c 6963 6520 6f66 2074 6865 ter slice of the\n+0001a400: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n 0001a410: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a420: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7363 726f scro\n-0001a430: 6c6c 6261 725f 7468 756d 6220 6361 6e20 llbar_thumb can \n-0001a440: 6d6f 7665 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 0a20 2020 move all the. \n+0001a420: 2020 2020 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 725f 7468 scrollbar_th\n+0001a430: 756d 6220 6361 6e20 6d6f 7665 2061 6c6c umb can move all\n+0001a440: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 the. \n 0001a450: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a460: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a470: 7761 7920 2866 726f 6d20 746f 7020 746f way (from top to\n-0001a480: 2062 6f74 746f 6d29 2c20 6265 696e 670a bottom), being.\n+0001a460: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7761 7920 2866 726f way (fro\n+0001a470: 6d20 746f 7020 746f 2062 6f74 746f 6d29 m top to bottom)\n+0001a480: 2c20 6265 696e 670a 2020 2020 2020 2020 , being. \n 0001a490: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a4a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a4b0: 2020 2064 7261 776e 206f 6e20 7468 6520 drawn on the \n-0001a4c0: 6365 6e74 6572 2073 6c69 6365 206f 6620 center slice of \n-0001a4d0: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 the. \n-0001a4e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a4f0: 2020 2020 2020 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 scrollbar\n-0001a500: 2066 7261 6d65 2e20 2054 6861 7420 7761 frame. That wa\n-0001a510: 7920 7765 2063 616e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 y we can. \n+0001a4a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2064 7261 776e drawn\n+0001a4b0: 206f 6e20 7468 6520 6365 6e74 6572 2073 on the center s\n+0001a4c0: 6c69 6365 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 lice of the. \n+0001a4d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001a4e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 s\n+0001a4f0: 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2066 7261 6d65 2e20 crollbar frame. \n+0001a500: 2054 6861 7420 7761 7920 7765 2063 616e That way we can\n+0001a510: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n 0001a520: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a530: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d61 6b65 make\n-0001a540: 2061 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2077 6974 a scrollbar wit\n-0001a550: 6820 726f 756e 642d 7368 6170 6564 0a20 h round-shaped. \n+0001a530: 2020 2020 6d61 6b65 2061 2073 6372 6f6c make a scrol\n+0001a540: 6c62 6172 2077 6974 6820 726f 756e 642d lbar with round-\n+0001a550: 7368 6170 6564 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 shaped. \n 0001a560: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a570: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a580: 2020 6564 6765 7320 736f 2074 6865 7265 edges so there\n-0001a590: 2077 6f6e 2774 2062 6520 6120 6672 6565 won't be a free\n-0001a5a0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-0001a5b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a5c0: 2020 2020 7370 6163 6520 6672 6f6d 2074 space from t\n-0001a5d0: 6865 2074 6875 6d62 2074 6f20 7468 6520 he thumb to the \n-0001a5e0: 6672 616d 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 frame. \n+0001a570: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6564 6765 7320 edges \n+0001a580: 736f 2074 6865 7265 2077 6f6e 2774 2062 so there won't b\n+0001a590: 6520 6120 6672 6565 0a20 2020 2020 2020 e a free. \n+0001a5a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001a5b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7370 6163 spac\n+0001a5c0: 6520 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2074 6875 6d62 e from the thumb\n+0001a5d0: 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6672 616d 650a 2020 to the frame. \n+0001a5e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0001a5f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a600: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 6e20 746f 7020 in top \n-0001a610: 616e 6420 626f 7474 6f6d 2073 6372 6f6c and bottom scrol\n-0001a620: 6c62 6172 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 lbar. \n+0001a600: 2069 6e20 746f 7020 616e 6420 626f 7474 in top and bott\n+0001a610: 6f6d 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 0a20 2020 om scrollbar. \n+0001a620: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0001a630: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a640: 2020 2020 2020 2020 706f 7369 7469 6f6e position\n-0001a650: 732e 2020 4465 6661 756c 7420 6973 2022 s. Default is \"\n-0001a660: 6661 6c73 6522 2e0a 2020 2020 2073 6372 false\".. scr\n-0001a670: 6f6c 6c62 6172 5f73 6c69 6365 2020 2020 ollbar_slice \n-0001a680: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 206d The m\n-0001a690: 656e 7520 6672 616d 6520 7374 796c 6564 enu frame styled\n-0001a6a0: 2062 6f78 2773 2073 6c69 6365 0a20 2020 box's slice. \n+0001a640: 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 4465 6661 positions. Defa\n+0001a650: 756c 7420 6973 2022 6661 6c73 6522 2e0a ult is \"false\"..\n+0001a660: 2020 2020 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 5f73 scrollbar_s\n+0001a670: 6c69 6365 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 lice \n+0001a680: 2020 2054 6865 206d 656e 7520 6672 616d The menu fram\n+0001a690: 6520 7374 796c 6564 2062 6f78 2773 2073 e styled box's s\n+0001a6a0: 6c69 6365 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 lice. \n 0001a6b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a6c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a6d0: 696e 2077 6869 6368 2074 6865 2073 6372 in which the scr\n-0001a6e0: 6f6c 6c62 6172 2077 696c 6c20 6265 0a20 ollbar will be. \n+0001a6c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 696e 2077 6869 6368 in which\n+0001a6d0: 2074 6865 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2077 the scrollbar w\n+0001a6e0: 696c 6c20 6265 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ill be. \n 0001a6f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a700: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a710: 2020 6472 6177 6e2e 2020 506f 7373 6962 drawn. Possib\n-0001a720: 6c65 2076 616c 7565 7320 6172 650a 2020 le values are. \n+0001a700: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6472 6177 6e2e drawn.\n+0001a710: 2020 506f 7373 6962 6c65 2076 616c 7565 Possible value\n+0001a720: 7320 6172 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 s are. \n 0001a730: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a740: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a750: 2022 7765 7374 222c 2022 6365 6e74 6572 \"west\", \"center\n-0001a760: 222c 2022 6561 7374 220a 2020 2020 2020 \", \"east\". \n+0001a740: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 7765 7374 222c \"west\",\n+0001a750: 2022 6365 6e74 6572 222c 2022 6561 7374 \"center\", \"east\n+0001a760: 220a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \". \n 0001a770: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a780: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6465 (de\n-0001a790: 6661 756c 7429 2e20 2022 7765 7374 2220 fault). \"west\" \n-0001a7a0: 2d20 7468 6520 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 720a - the scrollbar.\n+0001a780: 2020 2020 2028 6465 6661 756c 7429 2e20 (default). \n+0001a790: 2022 7765 7374 2220 2d20 7468 6520 7363 \"west\" - the sc\n+0001a7a0: 726f 6c6c 6261 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 rollbar. \n 0001a7b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a7c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a7d0: 2020 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2064 7261 776e will be drawn\n-0001a7e0: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7765 7374 2073 6c69 in the west sli\n-0001a7f0: 6365 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ce. \n-0001a800: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a810: 2020 2020 2020 2872 6967 6874 2d61 6c69 (right-ali\n-0001a820: 676e 6564 292e 2020 2265 6173 7422 202d gned). \"east\" -\n-0001a830: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 the. \n+0001a7c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2077 696c 6c20 will \n+0001a7d0: 6265 2064 7261 776e 2069 6e20 7468 6520 be drawn in the \n+0001a7e0: 7765 7374 2073 6c69 6365 0a20 2020 2020 west slice. \n+0001a7f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001a800: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2872 (r\n+0001a810: 6967 6874 2d61 6c69 676e 6564 292e 2020 ight-aligned). \n+0001a820: 2265 6173 7422 202d 2074 6865 0a20 2020 \"east\" - the. \n+0001a830: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0001a840: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a850: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 scrollba\n-0001a860: 7220 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6472 6177 6e20 r will be drawn \n-0001a870: 696e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 in the. \n+0001a850: 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 7220 7769 6c6c 2062 scrollbar will b\n+0001a860: 6520 6472 6177 6e20 696e 2074 6865 0a20 e drawn in the. \n+0001a870: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0001a880: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a890: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6561 7374 2073 east s\n-0001a8a0: 6c69 6365 2028 6c65 6674 2d61 6c69 676e lice (left-align\n-0001a8b0: 6564 292e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ed).. \n+0001a890: 2020 6561 7374 2073 6c69 6365 2028 6c65 east slice (le\n+0001a8a0: 6674 2d61 6c69 676e 6564 292e 0a20 2020 ft-aligned).. \n+0001a8b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0001a8c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a8d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2263 656e 7465 7222 \"center\"\n-0001a8e0: 202d 2074 6865 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 - the scrollbar\n-0001a8f0: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 0a20 2020 2020 2020 will be. \n+0001a8d0: 2263 656e 7465 7222 202d 2074 6865 2073 \"center\" - the s\n+0001a8e0: 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2077 696c 6c20 6265 crollbar will be\n+0001a8f0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n 0001a900: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a910: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6472 6177 draw\n-0001a920: 6e20 696e 2074 6865 2063 656e 7465 7220 n in the center \n-0001a930: 736c 6963 652e 2020 4e6f 7465 3a0a 2020 slice. Note:. \n+0001a910: 2020 2020 6472 6177 6e20 696e 2074 6865 drawn in the\n+0001a920: 2063 656e 7465 7220 736c 6963 652e 2020 center slice. \n+0001a930: 4e6f 7465 3a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 Note:. \n 0001a940: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a950: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a960: 2069 6e20 6361 7365 206f 6620 2263 656e in case of \"cen\n-0001a970: 7465 7222 2073 6c69 6365 3a20 6129 2049 ter\" slice: a) I\n-0001a980: 660a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 f. \n-0001a990: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a9a0: 2020 2020 2074 6865 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 the scrollb\n-0001a9b0: 6172 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2064 7261 ar should be dra\n-0001a9c0: 776e 2074 6865 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 wn then. \n+0001a950: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 6e20 6361 7365 in case\n+0001a960: 206f 6620 2263 656e 7465 7222 2073 6c69 of \"center\" sli\n+0001a970: 6365 3a20 6129 2049 660a 2020 2020 2020 ce: a) If. \n+0001a980: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001a990: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6865 the\n+0001a9a0: 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2073 686f 756c scrollbar shoul\n+0001a9b0: 6420 6265 2064 7261 776e 2074 6865 6e0a d be drawn then.\n+0001a9c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0001a9d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a9e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2062 6f6f 7420 boot \n-0001a9f0: 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 2773 2077 6964 menu entry's wid\n-0001aa00: 7468 2069 730a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 th is. \n+0001a9e0: 2020 2062 6f6f 7420 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 boot menu ent\n+0001a9f0: 7279 2773 2077 6964 7468 2069 730a 2020 ry's width is. \n+0001aa00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0001aa10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001aa20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2064 6563 7265 6173 decreas\n-0001aa30: 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 7363 726f 6c6c ed by the scroll\n-0001aa40: 6261 7227 7320 7769 6474 680a 2020 2020 bar's width. \n+0001aa20: 2064 6563 7265 6173 6564 2062 7920 7468 decreased by th\n+0001aa30: 6520 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 7227 7320 7769 e scrollbar's wi\n+0001aa40: 6474 680a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 dth. \n 0001aa50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001aa60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2061 a\n-0001aa70: 6e64 2074 6865 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 nd the scrollbar\n-0001aa80: 2069 7320 6472 6177 6e20 6174 2074 6865 is drawn at the\n-0001aa90: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-0001aaa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001aab0: 2020 2020 7269 6768 7420 7369 6465 206f right side o\n-0001aac0: 6620 7468 6520 6365 6e74 6572 2073 6c69 f the center sli\n-0001aad0: 6365 2e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ce.. \n-0001aae0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001aaf0: 2020 2020 2020 2062 2920 4966 2074 6865 b) If the\n-0001ab00: 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2077 6f6e 2774 scrollbar won't\n-0001ab10: 2062 6520 6472 6177 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 be drawn. \n+0001aa60: 2020 2020 2020 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2073 and the s\n+0001aa70: 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2069 7320 6472 6177 crollbar is draw\n+0001aa80: 6e20 6174 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 n at the. \n+0001aa90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001aaa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7269 6768 righ\n+0001aab0: 7420 7369 6465 206f 6620 7468 6520 6365 t side of the ce\n+0001aac0: 6e74 6572 2073 6c69 6365 2e0a 2020 2020 nter slice.. \n+0001aad0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001aae0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2062 b\n+0001aaf0: 2920 4966 2074 6865 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 ) If the scrollb\n+0001ab00: 6172 2077 6f6e 2774 2062 6520 6472 6177 ar won't be draw\n+0001ab10: 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 n. \n 0001ab20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001ab30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6865 the\n-0001ab40: 6e20 7468 6520 626f 6f74 206d 656e 7520 n the boot menu \n-0001ab50: 656e 7472 7927 7320 7769 6474 680a 2020 entry's width. \n+0001ab30: 2020 2020 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6520 626f then the bo\n+0001ab40: 6f74 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 7927 7320 ot menu entry's \n+0001ab50: 7769 6474 680a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 width. \n 0001ab60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001ab70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001ab80: 2069 7320 7468 6520 7769 6474 6820 6f66 is the width of\n-0001ab90: 2074 6865 2063 656e 7465 7220 736c 6963 the center slic\n-0001aba0: 652e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e.. \n-0001abb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001abc0: 2020 2020 2020 6329 2057 6520 646f 6e27 c) We don'\n-0001abd0: 7420 6e65 6365 7373 6172 7920 6e65 6564 t necessary need\n-0001abe0: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 the. \n+0001ab70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 7320 7468 6520 is the \n+0001ab80: 7769 6474 6820 6f66 2074 6865 2063 656e width of the cen\n+0001ab90: 7465 7220 736c 6963 652e 0a20 2020 2020 ter slice.. \n+0001aba0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001abb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6329 c)\n+0001abc0: 2057 6520 646f 6e27 7420 6e65 6365 7373 We don't necess\n+0001abd0: 6172 7920 6e65 6564 2074 6865 0a20 2020 ary need the. \n+0001abe0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0001abf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001ac00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 2070 6978 menu pix\n-0001ac10: 6d61 7020 626f 7820 746f 2064 6973 706c map box to displ\n-0001ac20: 6179 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ay the. \n+0001ac00: 6d65 6e75 2070 6978 6d61 7020 626f 7820 menu pixmap box \n+0001ac10: 746f 2064 6973 706c 6179 2074 6865 0a20 to display the. \n+0001ac20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0001ac30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001ac40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7363 726f 6c6c scroll\n-0001ac50: 6261 722e 0a20 2020 2020 7363 726f 6c6c bar.. scroll\n-0001ac60: 6261 725f 6c65 6674 5f70 6164 2020 2020 bar_left_pad \n-0001ac70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 6c65 6674 The left\n-0001ac80: 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2070 6164 6469 scrollbar paddi\n-0001ac90: 6e67 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ng in. \n+0001ac40: 2020 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 722e 0a20 2020 scrollbar.. \n+0001ac50: 2020 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 725f 6c65 6674 scrollbar_left\n+0001ac60: 5f70 6164 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 _pad \n+0001ac70: 5468 6520 6c65 6674 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 The left scrollb\n+0001ac80: 6172 2070 6164 6469 6e67 2069 6e0a 2020 ar padding in. \n+0001ac90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0001aca0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001acb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 6978 656c 732e pixels.\n-0001acc0: 2020 556e 7573 6564 2069 660a 2020 2020 Unused if. \n+0001acb0: 2070 6978 656c 732e 2020 556e 7573 6564 pixels. Unused\n+0001acc0: 2069 660a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 if. \n 0001acd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001ace0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 \"\n-0001acf0: 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 725f 736c 6963 6522 scrollbar_slice\"\n-0001ad00: 2069 7320 2277 6573 7422 2e0a 2020 2020 is \"west\".. \n-0001ad10: 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 5f72 6967 6874 scrollbar_right\n-0001ad20: 5f70 6164 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 _pad T\n-0001ad30: 6865 2072 6967 6874 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 he right scrollb\n-0001ad40: 6172 2070 6164 6469 6e67 2069 6e0a 2020 ar padding in. \n+0001ace0: 2020 2020 2020 2022 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 \"scrollba\n+0001acf0: 725f 736c 6963 6522 2069 7320 2277 6573 r_slice\" is \"wes\n+0001ad00: 7422 2e0a 2020 2020 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 t\".. scrollb\n+0001ad10: 6172 5f72 6967 6874 5f70 6164 2020 2020 ar_right_pad \n+0001ad20: 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 2072 6967 6874 The right\n+0001ad30: 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2070 6164 6469 scrollbar paddi\n+0001ad40: 6e67 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ng in. \n 0001ad50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001ad60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001ad70: 2070 6978 656c 732e 2020 556e 7573 6564 pixels. Unused\n-0001ad80: 2069 660a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 if. \n-0001ad90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001ada0: 2020 2020 2020 2022 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 \"scrollba\n-0001adb0: 725f 736c 6963 6522 2069 7320 2265 6173 r_slice\" is \"eas\n-0001adc0: 7422 2e0a 2020 2020 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 t\".. scrollb\n-0001add0: 6172 5f74 6f70 5f70 6164 2020 2020 2020 ar_top_pad \n-0001ade0: 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 2074 6f70 2073 The top s\n-0001adf0: 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2070 6164 6469 6e67 crollbar padding\n-0001ae00: 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 in. \n-0001ae10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001ae20: 2020 2020 2020 2070 6978 656c 732e 0a20 pixels.. \n-0001ae30: 2020 2020 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 725f 626f scrollbar_bo\n-0001ae40: 7474 6f6d 5f70 6164 2020 2020 2020 2020 ttom_pad \n-0001ae50: 2020 5468 6520 626f 7474 6f6d 2073 6372 The bottom scr\n-0001ae60: 6f6c 6c62 6172 2070 6164 6469 6e67 2069 ollbar padding i\n-0001ae70: 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 n. \n-0001ae80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001ae90: 2020 2020 2070 6978 656c 732e 0a20 2020 pixels.. \n-0001aea0: 2020 7669 7369 626c 6520 2020 2020 2020 visible \n-0001aeb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001aec0: 5365 7420 746f 2022 6661 6c73 6522 2074 Set to \"false\" t\n-0001aed0: 6f20 6869 6465 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 740a o hide the boot.\n+0001ad60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 6978 656c 732e pixels.\n+0001ad70: 2020 556e 7573 6564 2069 660a 2020 2020 Unused if. \n+0001ad80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001ad90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 \"\n+0001ada0: 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 725f 736c 6963 6522 scrollbar_slice\"\n+0001adb0: 2069 7320 2265 6173 7422 2e0a 2020 2020 is \"east\".. \n+0001adc0: 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 5f74 6f70 5f70 scrollbar_top_p\n+0001add0: 6164 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 ad T\n+0001ade0: 6865 2074 6f70 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 he top scrollbar\n+0001adf0: 2070 6164 6469 6e67 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 padding in. \n+0001ae00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001ae10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 p\n+0001ae20: 6978 656c 732e 0a20 2020 2020 7363 726f ixels.. scro\n+0001ae30: 6c6c 6261 725f 626f 7474 6f6d 5f70 6164 llbar_bottom_pad\n+0001ae40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 626f The bo\n+0001ae50: 7474 6f6d 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2070 ttom scrollbar p\n+0001ae60: 6164 6469 6e67 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 adding in. \n+0001ae70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001ae80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 6978 pix\n+0001ae90: 656c 732e 0a20 2020 2020 7669 7369 626c els.. visibl\n+0001aea0: 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e \n+0001aeb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5365 7420 746f 2022 Set to \"\n+0001aec0: 6661 6c73 6522 2074 6f20 6869 6465 2074 false\" to hide t\n+0001aed0: 6865 2062 6f6f 740a 2020 2020 2020 2020 he boot. \n 0001aee0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001aef0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001af00: 2020 206d 656e 752e 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 menu... ...\n-0001af10: 2063 616e 7661 7320 4361 6e76 6173 2069 canvas Canvas i\n-0001af20: 7320 6120 636f 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7468 s a container th\n-0001af30: 6174 2061 6c6c 6f77 7320 6d61 6e75 616c at allows manual\n-0001af40: 2070 6c61 6365 6d65 6e74 206f 660a 2020 placement of. \n-0001af50: 2020 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 7320 7769 components wi\n-0001af60: 7468 696e 2069 742e 2020 4974 2064 6f65 thin it. It doe\n-0001af70: 7320 6e6f 7420 616c 7465 7220 7468 6520 s not alter the \n-0001af80: 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 7320 6f66 2069 7473 positions of its\n-0001af90: 2063 6869 6c64 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d70 child. comp\n-0001afa0: 6f6e 656e 7473 2e20 2049 7420 6173 7369 onents. It assi\n-0001afb0: 676e 7320 616c 6c20 6368 696c 6420 636f gns all child co\n-0001afc0: 6d70 6f6e 656e 7473 2074 6865 6972 2070 mponents their p\n-0001afd0: 7265 6665 7272 6564 2073 697a 6573 2e0a referred sizes..\n-0001afe0: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6862 6f78 2054 6865 . ... hbox The\n-0001aff0: 202a 6862 6f78 2a20 636f 6e74 6169 6e65 *hbox* containe\n-0001b000: 7220 6c61 7973 206f 7574 2069 7473 2063 r lays out its c\n-0001b010: 6869 6c64 7265 6e20 6672 6f6d 206c 6566 hildren from lef\n-0001b020: 7420 746f 2072 6967 6874 2c0a 2020 2020 t to right,. \n-0001b030: 2067 6976 696e 6720 6561 6368 206f 6e65 giving each one\n-0001b040: 2069 7473 2070 7265 6665 7272 6564 2077 its preferred w\n-0001b050: 6964 7468 2e20 2054 6865 2068 6569 6768 idth. The heigh\n-0001b060: 7420 6f66 2065 6163 6820 6368 696c 6420 t of each child \n-0001b070: 6973 0a20 2020 2020 7365 7420 746f 2074 is. set to t\n-0001b080: 6865 206d 6178 696d 756d 206f 6620 7468 he maximum of th\n-0001b090: 6520 7072 6566 6572 7265 6420 6865 6967 e preferred heig\n-0001b0a0: 6874 7320 6f66 2061 6c6c 2063 6869 6c64 hts of all child\n-0001b0b0: 7265 6e2e 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2076 626f ren... ... vbo\n-0001b0c0: 7820 5468 6520 2a76 626f 782a 2063 6f6e x The *vbox* con\n-0001b0d0: 7461 696e 6572 206c 6179 7320 6f75 7420 tainer lays out \n-0001b0e0: 6974 7320 6368 696c 6472 656e 2066 726f its children fro\n-0001b0f0: 6d20 746f 7020 746f 2062 6f74 746f 6d2c m top to bottom,\n-0001b100: 0a20 2020 2020 6769 7669 6e67 2065 6163 . giving eac\n-0001b110: 6820 6f6e 6520 6974 7320 7072 6566 6572 h one its prefer\n-0001b120: 7265 6420 6865 6967 6874 2e20 2054 6865 red height. The\n-0001b130: 2077 6964 7468 206f 6620 6561 6368 2063 width of each c\n-0001b140: 6869 6c64 2069 730a 2020 2020 2073 6574 hild is. set\n-0001b150: 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6d61 7869 6d75 6d20 to the maximum \n-0001b160: 6f66 2074 6865 2070 7265 6665 7272 6564 of the preferred\n-0001b170: 2077 6964 7468 7320 6f66 2061 6c6c 2063 widths of all c\n-0001b180: 6869 6c64 7265 6e2e 0a0a 372e 332e 3620 hildren...7.3.6 \n-0001b190: 436f 6d6d 6f6e 2070 726f 7065 7274 6965 Common propertie\n-0001b1a0: 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d s.--------------\n-0001b1b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6865 2066 ---------..The f\n-0001b1c0: 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2070 726f 7065 7274 ollowing propert\n-0001b1d0: 6965 7320 6172 6520 7375 7070 6f72 7465 ies are supporte\n-0001b1e0: 6420 6279 2061 6c6c 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 d by all compone\n-0001b1f0: 6e74 733a 0ae2 8098 6c65 6674 e280 990a nts:....left....\n-0001b200: 2020 2020 2054 6865 2064 6973 7461 6e63 The distanc\n-0001b210: 6520 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 206c 6566 7420 e from the left \n-0001b220: 626f 7264 6572 206f 6620 636f 6e74 6169 border of contai\n-0001b230: 6e65 7220 746f 206c 6566 7420 626f 7264 ner to left bord\n-0001b240: 6572 206f 660a 2020 2020 2074 6865 206f er of. the o\n-0001b250: 626a 6563 7420 696e 2065 6974 6865 7220 bject in either \n-0001b260: 6f66 2074 6872 6565 2066 6f72 6d61 7473 of three formats\n-0001b270: 3a0a 2020 2020 2078 2020 2020 2020 2020 :. x \n-0001b280: 2020 2020 2020 5661 6c75 6520 696e 2070 Value in p\n-0001b290: 6978 656c 730a 2020 2020 2070 2520 2020 ixels. p% \n-0001b2a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5065 7263 656e Percen\n-0001b2b0: 7461 6765 0a20 2020 2020 7025 2b78 2020 tage. p%+x \n-0001b2c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206d 6978 7475 7265 mixture\n-0001b2d0: 206f 6620 626f 7468 0ae2 8098 746f 70e2 of both....top.\n-0001b2e0: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 6469 7374 ... 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Affecte\n-0001b570: 6420 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 7473 3a0a 2020 d components:. \n-0001b580: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001b590: 2020 226c 6162 656c 222c 2022 6369 7263 \"label\", \"circ\n-0001b5a0: 756c 6172 5f70 726f 6772 6573 7322 2c20 ular_progress\", \n-0001b5b0: 2270 726f 6772 6573 735f 6261 7222 2e0a \"progress_bar\"..\n-0001b5c0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-0001b5d0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204e 6574 776f fo, Node: Netwo\n-0001b5e0: 726b 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2053 6572 6961 rk, Next: Seria\n-0001b5f0: 6c20 7465 726d 696e 616c 2c20 2050 7265 l terminal, Pre\n-0001b600: 763a 2054 6865 6d65 2066 696c 6520 666f v: Theme file fo\n-0001b610: 726d 6174 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a rmat, Up: Top..\n-0001b620: 3820 426f 6f74 696e 6720 4752 5542 2066 8 Booting GRUB f\n-0001b630: 726f 6d20 7468 6520 6e65 7477 6f72 6b0a rom the network.\n+0001aef0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206d 656e 752e menu.\n+0001af00: 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2063 616e 7661 7320 .. ... canvas \n+0001af10: 4361 6e76 6173 2069 7320 6120 636f 6e74 Canvas is a cont\n+0001af20: 6169 6e65 7220 7468 6174 2061 6c6c 6f77 ainer that allow\n+0001af30: 7320 6d61 6e75 616c 2070 6c61 6365 6d65 s manual placeme\n+0001af40: 6e74 206f 660a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 706f nt of. compo\n+0001af50: 6e65 6e74 7320 7769 7468 696e 2069 742e nents within it.\n+0001af60: 2020 4974 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 616c It does not al\n+0001af70: 7465 7220 7468 6520 706f 7369 7469 6f6e ter the position\n+0001af80: 7320 6f66 2069 7473 2063 6869 6c64 0a20 s of its child. \n+0001af90: 2020 2020 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 7473 2e20 components. \n+0001afa0: 2049 7420 6173 7369 676e 7320 616c 6c20 It assigns all \n+0001afb0: 6368 696c 6420 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 7473 child components\n+0001afc0: 2074 6865 6972 2070 7265 6665 7272 6564 their preferred\n+0001afd0: 2073 697a 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 sizes... ... \n+0001afe0: 6862 6f78 2054 6865 202a 6862 6f78 2a20 hbox The *hbox* \n+0001aff0: 636f 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 6c61 7973 206f container lays o\n+0001b000: 7574 2069 7473 2063 6869 6c64 7265 6e20 ut its children \n+0001b010: 6672 6f6d 206c 6566 7420 746f 2072 6967 from left to rig\n+0001b020: 6874 2c0a 2020 2020 2067 6976 696e 6720 ht,. giving \n+0001b030: 6561 6368 206f 6e65 2069 7473 2070 7265 each one its pre\n+0001b040: 6665 7272 6564 2077 6964 7468 2e20 2054 ferred width. T\n+0001b050: 6865 2068 6569 6768 7420 6f66 2065 6163 he height of eac\n+0001b060: 6820 6368 696c 6420 6973 0a20 2020 2020 h child is. \n+0001b070: 7365 7420 746f 2074 6865 206d 6178 696d set to the maxim\n+0001b080: 756d 206f 6620 7468 6520 7072 6566 6572 um of the prefer\n+0001b090: 7265 6420 6865 6967 6874 7320 6f66 2061 red heights of a\n+0001b0a0: 6c6c 2063 6869 6c64 7265 6e2e 0a0a 2020 ll children... \n+0001b0b0: 20e2 80a2 2076 626f 7820 5468 6520 2a76 ... vbox The *v\n+0001b0c0: 626f 782a 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 6572 206c box* container l\n+0001b0d0: 6179 7320 6f75 7420 6974 7320 6368 696c ays out its chil\n+0001b0e0: 6472 656e 2066 726f 6d20 746f 7020 746f dren from top to\n+0001b0f0: 2062 6f74 746f 6d2c 0a20 2020 2020 6769 bottom,. gi\n+0001b100: 7669 6e67 2065 6163 6820 6f6e 6520 6974 ving each one it\n+0001b110: 7320 7072 6566 6572 7265 6420 6865 6967 s preferred heig\n+0001b120: 6874 2e20 2054 6865 2077 6964 7468 206f ht. 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The heig\n+0001b390: 6874 206f 6620 6f62 6a65 6374 2069 6e20 ht of object in \n+0001b3a0: 7361 6d65 2066 6f72 6d61 742e 0ae2 8098 same format.....\n+0001b3b0: 6964 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2069 id.... The i\n+0001b3c0: 6465 6e74 6966 6965 7220 666f 7220 7468 dentifier for th\n+0001b3d0: 6520 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 742e 2020 5468 e component. Th\n+0001b3e0: 6973 2063 616e 2062 6520 616e 7920 6172 is can be any ar\n+0001b3f0: 6269 7472 6172 790a 2020 2020 2073 7472 bitrary. str\n+0001b400: 696e 672e 2020 5468 6520 4944 2063 616e ing. The ID can\n+0001b410: 2062 6520 7573 6564 2062 7920 7363 7269 be used by scri\n+0001b420: 7074 7320 746f 2072 6566 6572 2074 6f20 pts to refer to \n+0001b430: 7661 7269 6f75 730a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d various. com\n+0001b440: 706f 6e65 6e74 7320 696e 2074 6865 2047 ponents in the G\n+0001b450: 5549 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2074 7265 UI component tre\n+0001b460: 652e 2020 4375 7272 656e 746c 792c 2074 e. 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To ge\n-0001b6f0: 6e65 7261 7465 2061 206e 6574 626f 6f74 nerate a netboot\n-0001b700: 6162 6c65 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2c20 able directory, \n-0001b710: 7275 6e3a 0a0a 2020 2020 2067 7275 622d run:.. grub-\n-0001b720: 6d6b 6e65 7464 6972 202d 2d6e 6574 2d64 mknetdir --net-d\n-0001b730: 6972 6563 746f 7279 3d2f 7372 762f 7466 irectory=/srv/tf\n-0001b740: 7470 202d 2d73 7562 6469 723d 2f62 6f6f tp --subdir=/boo\n-0001b750: 742f 6772 7562 202d 6420 2f75 7372 2f6c t/grub -d /usr/l\n-0001b760: 6962 2f67 7275 622f 3c70 6c61 7466 6f72 ib/grub/.. E.g. for\n-0001b780: 2069 3338 362d 7063 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 i386-pc:.. \n-0001b790: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b6e 6574 6469 7220 2d2d grub-mknetdir --\n-0001b7a0: 6e65 742d 6469 7265 6374 6f72 793d 2f73 net-directory=/s\n-0001b7b0: 7276 2f74 6674 7020 2d2d 7375 6264 6972 rv/tftp --subdir\n-0001b7c0: 3d2f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 6220 2d64 202f =/boot/grub -d /\n-0001b7d0: 7573 722f 6c69 622f 6772 7562 2f69 3338 usr/lib/grub/i38\n-0001b7e0: 362d 7063 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 6e20 666f 6-pc.. Then fo\n-0001b7f0: 6c6c 6f77 2069 6e73 7472 7563 7469 6f6e llow instruction\n-0001b800: 7320 7072 696e 7465 6420 6f75 7420 6279 s printed out by\n-0001b810: 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 6e65 7464 6972 206f grub-mknetdir o\n-0001b820: 6e20 636f 6e66 6967 7572 696e 670a 796f n configuring.yo\n-0001b830: 7572 2044 4843 5020 7365 7276 6572 2e0a ur DHCP server..\n-0001b840: 0a20 2020 5468 6520 6772 7562 2e63 6667 . The grub.cfg\n-0001b850: 2066 696c 6520 6973 2070 6c61 6365 6420 file is placed \n-0001b860: 696e 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6469 7265 in the same dire\n-0001b870: 6374 6f72 7920 6173 2074 6865 2070 6174 ctory as the pat\n-0001b880: 6820 6f75 7470 7574 0a62 7920 6772 7562 h output.by grub\n-0001b890: 2d6d 6b6e 6574 6469 7220 6865 7265 6166 -mknetdir hereaf\n-0001b8a0: 7465 7220 7265 6665 7272 6564 2074 6f20 ter referred to \n-0001b8b0: 6173 2046 5750 4154 482e 2047 5255 4220 as FWPATH. GRUB \n-0001b8c0: 7769 6c6c 2073 6561 7263 6820 666f 720a will search for.\n-0001b8d0: 6974 7320 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f its configuratio\n-0001b8e0: 6e20 6669 6c65 7320 696e 206f 7264 6572 n files in order\n-0001b8f0: 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f using the follo\n-0001b900: 7769 6e67 2072 756c 6573 2077 6865 7265 wing rules where\n-0001b910: 2074 6865 0a61 7070 656e 6465 6420 7661 the.appended va\n-0001b920: 6c75 6520 636f 7272 6573 706f 6e64 7320 lue corresponds \n-0001b930: 746f 2061 2076 616c 7565 206f 6e20 7468 to a value on th\n-0001b940: 6520 636c 6965 6e74 206d 6163 6869 6e65 e client machine\n-0001b950: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9828 4657 5041 ... ...(FWPA\n-0001b960: 5448 29e2 8099 2f67 7275 622e 6366 672d TH).../grub.cfg-\n-0001b970: e280 9828 5555 4944 204f 4620 4d41 4348 ...(UUID OF MACH\n-0001b980: 494e 4529 e280 990a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 INE).... ...\n-0001b990: 2846 5750 4154 4829 e280 992f 6772 7562 (FWPATH).../grub\n-0001b9a0: 2e63 6667 2de2 8098 284d 4143 2041 4444 .cfg-...(MAC ADD\n-0001b9b0: 5245 5353 204f 4620 4e49 4329 e280 990a RESS OF NIC)....\n-0001b9c0: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2846 5750 4154 4829 ...(FWPATH)\n-0001b9d0: e280 992f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 2de2 8098 .../grub.cfg-...\n-0001b9e0: 2849 5076 3420 4f52 2049 5076 3620 4144 (IPv4 OR IPv6 AD\n-0001b9f0: 4452 4553 5329 e280 990a 2020 2020 20e2 DRESS).... .\n-0001ba00: 8098 2846 5750 4154 4829 e280 992f 6772 ..(FWPATH).../gr\n-0001ba10: 7562 2e63 6667 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 2055 ub.cfg.. The U\n-0001ba20: 5549 4420 6973 2074 6865 2043 6c69 656e UID is the Clien\n-0001ba30: 7420 4d61 6368 696e 6520 4964 656e 7469 t Machine Identi\n-0001ba40: 6669 6572 204f 7074 696f 6e20 4465 6669 fier Option Defi\n-0001ba50: 6e69 7469 6f6e 2061 730a 7370 6563 6966 nition as.specif\n-0001ba60: 6965 6420 696e 2052 4643 2034 3537 382e ied in RFC 4578.\n-0001ba70: 2020 5468 6520 636c 6965 6e74 2077 696c The client wil\n-0001ba80: 6c20 6f6e 6c79 2061 7474 656d 7074 2074 l only attempt t\n-0001ba90: 6f20 6c6f 6f75 6b20 7570 2061 2055 5549 o loouk up a UUI\n-0001baa0: 440a 636f 6e66 6967 2066 696c 6520 6966 D.config file if\n-0001bab0: 2069 7420 7761 7320 7072 6f76 6964 6564 it was provided\n-0001bac0: 2062 7920 7468 6520 4448 4350 2073 6572 by the DHCP ser\n-0001bad0: 7665 722e 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 2063 6c69 ver... The cli\n-0001bae0: 656e 7420 7769 6c6c 206f 6e6c 7920 6174 ent will only at\n-0001baf0: 7465 6d70 7420 746f 206c 6f6f 6b20 7570 tempt to look up\n-0001bb00: 2061 6e20 4950 7636 2061 6464 7265 7373 an IPv6 address\n-0001bb10: 2063 6f6e 6669 6720 6f6e 6365 2c0a 686f config once,.ho\n-0001bb20: 7765 7665 722c 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 2074 wever, it will t\n-0001bb30: 7279 2074 6865 2049 5076 3420 6d75 6c74 ry the IPv4 mult\n-0001bb40: 6970 6c65 2074 696d 6573 2e20 2054 6865 iple times. The\n-0001bb50: 2063 6f6e 6372 6574 6520 6578 616d 706c concrete exampl\n-0001bb60: 650a 6265 6c6f 7720 7368 6f77 7320 7768 e.below shows wh\n-0001bb70: 6174 2077 6f75 6c64 2068 6170 7065 6e20 at would happen \n-0001bb80: 756e 6465 7220 7468 6520 4950 7634 2063 under the IPv4 c\n-0001bb90: 6173 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2055 5549 443a ase... UUID:\n-0001bba0: 2037 3732 3661 3637 382d 3766 6330 2d34 7726a678-7fc0-4\n-0001bbb0: 3835 332d 6134 6636 2d63 3835 6163 3336 853-a4f6-c85ac36\n-0001bbc0: 6131 3230 610a 2020 2020 204d 4143 3a20 a120a. MAC: \n-0001bbd0: 2035 323a 3534 3a30 303a 6563 3a33 333a 52:54:00:ec:33:\n-0001bbe0: 3831 0a20 2020 2020 4950 5634 3a20 3130 81. IPV4: 10\n-0001bbf0: 2e30 2e30 2e31 3330 2028 3041 3030 3030 .0.0.130 (0A0000\n-0001bc00: 3832 290a 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9828 4657 82).. ...(FW\n-0001bc10: 5041 5448 29e2 8099 2f67 7275 622e 6366 PATH).../grub.cf\n-0001bc20: 672d 3737 3236 6136 3738 2d37 6663 302d g-7726a678-7fc0-\n-0001bc30: 3438 3533 2d61 3466 362d 6338 3561 6333 4853-a4f6-c85ac3\n-0001bc40: 3661 3132 3061 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9828 6a120a. ...(\n-0001bc50: 4657 5041 5448 29e2 8099 2f67 7275 622e FWPATH).../grub.\n-0001bc60: 6366 672d 3532 2d35 342d 3030 2d65 632d cfg-52-54-00-ec-\n-0001bc70: 3333 2d38 310a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2846 33-81. ...(F\n-0001bc80: 5750 4154 4829 e280 992f 6772 7562 2e63 WPATH).../grub.c\n-0001bc90: 6667 2d30 4130 3030 3038 320a 2020 2020 fg-0A000082. \n-0001bca0: 20e2 8098 2846 5750 4154 4829 e280 992f ...(FWPATH).../\n-0001bcb0: 6772 7562 2e63 6667 2d30 4130 3030 3038 grub.cfg-0A00008\n-0001bcc0: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9828 4657 5041 5448 . ...(FWPATH\n-0001bcd0: 29e2 8099 2f67 7275 622e 6366 672d 3041 ).../grub.cfg-0A\n-0001bce0: 3030 3030 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9828 4657 0000. ...(FW\n-0001bcf0: 5041 5448 29e2 8099 2f67 7275 622e 6366 PATH).../grub.cf\n-0001bd00: 672d 3041 3030 300a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 g-0A000. ...\n-0001bd10: 2846 5750 4154 4829 e280 992f 6772 7562 (FWPATH).../grub\n-0001bd20: 2e63 6667 2d30 4130 300a 2020 2020 20e2 .cfg-0A00. .\n-0001bd30: 8098 2846 5750 4154 4829 e280 992f 6772 ..(FWPATH).../gr\n-0001bd40: 7562 2e63 6667 2d30 4130 0a20 2020 2020 ub.cfg-0A0. \n-0001bd50: e280 9828 4657 5041 5448 29e2 8099 2f67 ...(FWPATH).../g\n-0001bd60: 7275 622e 6366 672d 3041 0a20 2020 2020 rub.cfg-0A. \n-0001bd70: e280 9828 4657 5041 5448 29e2 8099 2f67 ...(FWPATH).../g\n-0001bd80: 7275 622e 6366 672d 300a 2020 2020 20e2 rub.cfg-0. .\n-0001bd90: 8098 2846 5750 4154 4829 e280 992f 6772 ..(FWPATH).../gr\n-0001bda0: 7562 2e63 6667 0a0a 2020 2054 6869 7320 ub.cfg.. This \n-0001bdb0: 6665 6174 7572 6520 6973 2065 6e61 626c feature is enabl\n-0001bdc0: 6564 2062 7920 6465 6661 756c 7420 6275 ed by default bu\n-0001bdd0: 7420 6974 2063 616e 2062 6520 6469 7361 t it can be disa\n-0001bde0: 626c 6564 2062 7920 7365 7474 696e 670a bled by setting.\n-0001bdf0: 7468 6520 e280 9866 6561 7475 7265 5f6e the ...feature_n\n-0001be00: 6574 5f73 6561 7263 685f 6366 67e2 8099 et_search_cfg...\n-0001be10: 2074 6f20 e280 986e e280 992e 2020 5369 to ...n.... Si\n-0001be20: 6e63 6520 7468 6973 2068 6170 7065 6e73 nce this happens\n-0001be30: 2062 6566 6f72 6520 7468 650a 636f 6e66 before the.conf\n-0001be40: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2069 iguration file i\n-0001be50: 7320 7265 6164 2062 7920 4752 5542 2c20 s read by GRUB, \n-0001be60: 7468 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6861 7320 this option has \n-0001be70: 746f 2062 6520 6469 7361 626c 6564 2069 to be disabled i\n-0001be80: 6e20 616e 0a65 6d62 6564 6465 6420 636f n an.embedded co\n-0001be90: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 nfiguration file\n-0001bea0: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 456d 6265 6464 6564 (*note Embedded\n-0001beb0: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a configuration::\n-0001bec0: 292e 0a0a 2020 2041 6674 6572 2047 5255 )... After GRU\n-0001bed0: 4220 6861 7320 7374 6172 7465 642c 2066 B has started, f\n-0001bee0: 696c 6573 206f 6e20 7468 6520 5446 5450 iles on the TFTP\n-0001bef0: 2073 6572 7665 7220 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 server will be \n-0001bf00: 6163 6365 7373 6962 6c65 0a76 6961 2074 accessible.via t\n-0001bf10: 6865 20e2 8098 2874 6674 7029 e280 9920 he ...(tftp)... \n-0001bf20: 6465 7669 6365 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 device... The \n-0001bf30: 7365 7276 6572 2049 5020 6164 6472 6573 server IP addres\n-0001bf40: 7320 6361 6e20 6265 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c s can be control\n-0001bf50: 6c65 6420 6279 2063 6861 6e67 696e 6720 led by changing \n-0001bf60: 7468 6520 e280 9828 7466 7470 29e2 8099 the ...(tftp)...\n-0001bf70: 0a64 6576 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 2074 6f20 .device name to \n-0001bf80: e280 9828 7466 7470 2c53 4552 5645 522d ...(tftp,SERVER-\n-0001bf90: 4950 29e2 8099 2e20 204e 6f74 6520 7468 IP).... Note th\n-0001bfa0: 6174 2074 6869 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 at this should b\n-0001bfb0: 6520 6368 616e 6765 640a 626f 7468 2069 e changed.both i\n-0001bfc0: 6e20 7468 6520 7072 6566 6978 2061 6e64 n the prefix and\n-0001bfd0: 2069 6e20 616e 7920 7265 6665 7265 6e63 in any referenc\n-0001bfe0: 6573 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6465 7669 6365 es to the device\n-0001bff0: 206e 616d 6520 696e 2074 6865 0a63 6f6e name in the.con\n-0001c000: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 652e figuration file.\n-0001c010: 0a0a 2020 2047 5255 4220 7072 6f76 6964 .. GRUB provid\n-0001c020: 6573 2073 6576 6572 616c 2065 6e76 6972 es several envir\n-0001c030: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 onment variables\n-0001c040: 2077 6869 6368 206d 6179 2062 6520 7573 which may be us\n-0001c050: 6564 2074 6f0a 696e 7370 6563 7420 6f72 ed to.inspect or\n-0001c060: 2063 6861 6e67 6520 7468 6520 6265 6861 change the beha\n-0001c070: 7669 6f75 7220 6f66 2074 6865 2050 5845 viour of the PXE\n-0001c080: 2064 6576 6963 652e 2020 496e 2074 6865 device. In the\n-0001c090: 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 0a64 6573 6372 following.descr\n-0001c0a0: 6970 7469 6f6e 203c 494e 5445 5246 4143 iption is placeholde\n-0001c0c0: 7220 666f 7220 7468 6520 6e61 6d65 206f r for the name o\n-0001c0d0: 6620 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 696e 7465 7266 f network interf\n-0001c0e0: 6163 650a 2870 6c61 7466 6f72 6d20 6465 ace.(platform de\n-0001c0f0: 7065 6e64 656e 7429 3a0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 pendent):.....ne\n-0001c100: 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 6970 t__ip\n-0001c110: e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 206e 6574 .... The net\n-0001c120: 776f 726b 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2773 work interface's\n-0001c130: 2049 5020 6164 6472 6573 732e 2020 5265 IP address. Re\n-0001c140: 6164 2d6f 6e6c 792e 0a0a e280 986e 6574 ad-only......net\n-0001c150: 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f6d 6163 __mac\n-0001c160: e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 206e 6574 .... The net\n-0001c170: 776f 726b 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2773 work interface's\n-0001c180: 204d 4143 2061 6464 7265 7373 2e20 2052 MAC address. R\n-0001c190: 6561 642d 6f6e 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 ead-only......ne\n-0001c1a0: 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 636c t__cl\n-0001c1b0: 6965 6e74 6964 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 ientid.... T\n-0001c1c0: 6865 2063 6c69 656e 7420 6964 2070 726f he client id pro\n-0001c1d0: 7669 6465 6420 6279 2044 4843 502e 2052 vided by DHCP. R\n-0001c1e0: 6561 642d 6f6e 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 ead-only......ne\n-0001c1f0: 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 636c t__cl\n-0001c200: 6965 6e74 7575 6964 e280 990a 2020 2020 ientuuid.... \n-0001c210: 2054 6865 2063 6c69 656e 7420 7575 6964 The client uuid\n-0001c220: 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 6279 2044 4843 provided by DHC\n-0001c230: 502e 2052 6561 642d 6f6e 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 P. Read-only....\n-0001c240: 8098 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 ..net__hostname.... \n-0001c260: 2020 2054 6865 2063 6c69 656e 7420 686f The client ho\n-0001c270: 7374 206e 616d 6520 7072 6f76 6964 6564 st name provided\n-0001c280: 2062 7920 4448 4350 2e20 5265 6164 2d6f by DHCP. Read-o\n-0001c290: 6e6c 792e 0a0a e280 986e 6574 5f3c 494e nly......net__domain.\n-0001c2b0: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 636c 6965 ... The clie\n-0001c2c0: 6e74 2064 6f6d 6169 6e20 6e61 6d65 2070 nt domain name p\n-0001c2d0: 726f 7669 6465 6420 6279 2044 4843 502e rovided by DHCP.\n-0001c2e0: 2052 6561 642d 6f6e 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 8098 Read-only......\n-0001c2f0: 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f net__\n-0001c300: 726f 6f74 7061 7468 e280 990a 2020 2020 rootpath.... \n-0001c310: 2054 6865 2070 6174 6820 746f 2074 6865 The path to the\n-0001c320: 2063 6c69 656e 7427 7320 726f 6f74 2064 client's root d\n-0001c330: 6973 6b20 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 isk provided by \n-0001c340: 4448 4350 2e20 5265 6164 2d6f 6e6c 792e DHCP. Read-only.\n-0001c350: 0a0a e280 986e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 .....net__extensionsp\n-0001c370: 6174 68e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 ath.... The \n-0001c380: 7061 7468 2074 6f20 6164 6469 7469 6f6e path to addition\n-0001c390: 616c 2044 4843 5020 7665 6e64 6f72 2065 al DHCP vendor e\n-0001c3a0: 7874 656e 7369 6f6e 7320 7072 6f76 6964 xtensions provid\n-0001c3b0: 6564 2062 7920 4448 4350 2e0a 2020 2020 ed by DHCP.. \n-0001c3c0: 2052 6561 642d 6f6e 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 8098 Read-only......\n-0001c3d0: 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f net__\n-0001c3e0: 626f 6f74 5f66 696c 65e2 8099 0a20 2020 boot_file.... \n-0001c3f0: 2020 5468 6520 626f 6f74 2066 696c 6520 The boot file \n-0001c400: 6e61 6d65 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 6279 name provided by\n-0001c410: 2044 4843 502e 2052 6561 642d 6f6e 6c79 DHCP. Read-only\n-0001c420: 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 ......net__dhcp_serve\n-0001c440: 725f 6e61 6d65 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 r_name.... T\n-0001c450: 6865 206e 616d 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2044 he name of the D\n-0001c460: 4843 5020 7365 7276 6572 2072 6573 706f HCP server respo\n-0001c470: 6e73 6962 6c65 2066 6f72 2074 6865 7365 nsible for these\n-0001c480: 2062 6f6f 7420 7061 7261 6d65 7465 7273 boot parameters\n-0001c490: 2e0a 2020 2020 2052 6561 642d 6f6e 6c79 .. Read-only\n-0001c4a0: 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 ......net__next_serve\n-0001c4c0: 72e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 4950 r.... The IP\n-0001c4d0: 2061 6464 7265 7373 206f 6620 7468 6520 address of the \n-0001c4e0: 6e65 7874 2028 7573 7561 6c6c 792c 2054 next (usually, T\n-0001c4f0: 4654 5029 2073 6572 7665 7220 7072 6f76 FTP) server prov\n-0001c500: 6964 6564 2062 7920 4448 4350 2e0a 2020 ided by DHCP.. \n-0001c510: 2020 2052 6561 642d 6f6e 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 Read-only....\n-0001c520: 8098 6e65 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f 696e ..net_default_in\n-0001c530: 7465 7266 6163 65e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 terface.... \n-0001c540: 496e 6974 6961 6c6c 7920 7365 7420 746f Initially set to\n-0001c550: 206e 616d 6520 6f66 206e 6574 776f 726b name of network\n-0001c560: 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2074 6861 7420 interface that \n-0001c570: 7761 7320 7573 6564 2074 6f20 6c6f 6164 was used to load\n-0001c580: 0a20 2020 2020 6772 7562 2e20 2052 6561 . grub. Rea\n-0001c590: 642d 7772 6974 652c 2061 6c74 686f 7567 d-write, althoug\n-0001c5a0: 6820 7365 7474 696e 6720 6974 2061 6666 h setting it aff\n-0001c5b0: 6563 7473 206f 6e6c 7920 696e 7465 7270 ects only interp\n-0001c5c0: 7265 7461 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 6f66 retation. of\n-0001c5d0: 20e2 8098 6e65 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f ...net_default_\n-0001c5e0: 6970 e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 986e 6574 ip... and ...net\n-0001c5f0: 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f6d 6163 e280 990a _default_mac....\n-0001c600: 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f ....net_default_\n-0001c610: 6970 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2049 ip.... The I\n-0001c620: 5020 6164 6472 6573 7320 6f66 2064 6566 P address of def\n-0001c630: 6175 6c74 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2e20 ault interface. \n-0001c640: 2052 6561 642d 6f6e 6c79 2e20 2054 6869 Read-only. Thi\n-0001c650: 7320 6973 2061 6c69 6173 2066 6f72 0a20 s is alias for. \n-0001c660: 2020 2020 7468 6520 e280 986e 6574 5f24 the ...net_$\n-0001c670: 7b6e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f69 6e74 {net_default_int\n-0001c680: 6572 6661 6365 7d5f 6970 e280 992e 0a0a erface}_ip......\n-0001c690: e280 986e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f6d ...net_default_m\n-0001c6a0: 6163 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2064 ac.... The d\n-0001c6b0: 6566 6175 6c74 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 efault interface\n-0001c6c0: 2773 204d 4143 2061 6464 7265 7373 2e20 's MAC address. \n-0001c6d0: 2052 6561 642d 6f6e 6c79 2e20 2054 6869 Read-only. Thi\n-0001c6e0: 7320 6973 2061 6c69 6173 2066 6f72 0a20 s is alias for. \n-0001c6f0: 2020 2020 7468 6520 e280 986e 6574 5f24 the ...net_$\n-0001c700: 7b6e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f69 6e74 {net_default_int\n-0001c710: 6572 6661 6365 7d5f 6d61 63e2 8099 2e0a erface}_mac.....\n-0001c720: 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f ....net_default_\n-0001c730: 7365 7276 6572 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 server.... T\n-0001c740: 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2073 6572 7665 he default serve\n-0001c750: 7220 7573 6564 2062 7920 6e65 7477 6f72 r used by networ\n-0001c760: 6b20 6472 6976 6573 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 k drives (*note \n-0001c770: 4465 7669 6365 2073 796e 7461 783a 3a29 Device syntax::)\n-0001c780: 2e0a 2020 2020 2052 6561 642d 7772 6974 .. Read-writ\n-0001c790: 652c 2061 6c74 686f 7567 6820 7365 7474 e, although sett\n-0001c7a0: 696e 6720 7468 6973 2069 7320 6f6e 6c79 ing this is only\n-0001c7b0: 2075 7365 6675 6c20 6265 666f 7265 206f useful before o\n-0001c7c0: 7065 6e69 6e67 2061 0a20 2020 2020 6e65 pening a. ne\n-0001c7d0: 7477 6f72 6b20 6465 7669 6365 2e0a 0a1f twork device....\n-0001c7e0: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-0001c7f0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2053 6572 6961 6c20 , Node: Serial \n-0001c800: 7465 726d 696e 616c 2c20 204e 6578 743a terminal, Next:\n-0001c810: 2056 656e 646f 7220 706f 7765 722d 6f6e Vendor power-on\n-0001c820: 206b 6579 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4e65 keys, Prev: Ne\n-0001c830: 7477 6f72 6b2c 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a twork, Up: Top.\n-0001c840: 0a39 2055 7369 6e67 2047 5255 4220 7669 .9 Using GRUB vi\n-0001c850: 6120 6120 7365 7269 616c 206c 696e 650a a a serial line.\n+0001b650: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a54 6865 2066 6f6c *******..The fol\n+0001b660: 6c6f 7769 6e67 2069 6e73 7472 7563 7469 lowing instructi\n+0001b670: 6f6e 7320 646f 6e27 7420 776f 726b 2066 ons don't work f\n+0001b680: 6f72 202a 2d65 6d75 2c20 6933 3836 2d71 or *-emu, i386-q\n+0001b690: 656d 752c 0a69 3338 362d 636f 7265 626f emu,.i386-corebo\n+0001b6a0: 6f74 2c20 6933 3836 2d6d 756c 7469 626f ot, i386-multibo\n+0001b6b0: 6f74 2c20 6d69 7073 5f6c 6f6f 6e67 736f ot, mips_loongso\n+0001b6c0: 6e2c 206d 6970 732d 6172 6320 616e 640a n, mips-arc and.\n+0001b6d0: 6d69 7073 5f71 656d 755f 6d69 7073 0a0a mips_qemu_mips..\n+0001b6e0: 2020 2054 6f20 6765 6e65 7261 7465 2061 To generate a\n+0001b6f0: 206e 6574 626f 6f74 6162 6c65 2064 6972 netbootable dir\n+0001b700: 6563 746f 7279 2c20 7275 6e3a 0a0a 2020 ectory, run:.. \n+0001b710: 2020 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 6e65 7464 6972 grub-mknetdir\n+0001b720: 202d 2d6e 6574 2d64 6972 6563 746f 7279 --net-directory\n+0001b730: 3d2f 7372 762f 7466 7470 202d 2d73 7562 =/srv/tftp --sub\n+0001b740: 6469 723d 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 202d dir=/boot/grub -\n+0001b750: 6420 2f75 7372 2f6c 6962 2f67 7275 622f d /usr/lib/grub/\n+0001b760: 3c70 6c61 7466 6f72 6d3e 0a0a 2020 2045 .. E\n+0001b770: 2e67 2e20 2066 6f72 2069 3338 362d 7063 .g. for i386-pc\n+0001b780: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 6772 7562 2d6d 6b6e :.. grub-mkn\n+0001b790: 6574 6469 7220 2d2d 6e65 742d 6469 7265 etdir --net-dire\n+0001b7a0: 6374 6f72 793d 2f73 7276 2f74 6674 7020 ctory=/srv/tftp \n+0001b7b0: 2d2d 7375 6264 6972 3d2f 626f 6f74 2f67 --subdir=/boot/g\n+0001b7c0: 7275 6220 2d64 202f 7573 722f 6c69 622f rub -d /usr/lib/\n+0001b7d0: 6772 7562 2f69 3338 362d 7063 0a0a 2020 grub/i386-pc.. \n+0001b7e0: 2054 6865 6e20 666f 6c6c 6f77 2069 6e73 Then follow ins\n+0001b7f0: 7472 7563 7469 6f6e 7320 7072 696e 7465 tructions printe\n+0001b800: 6420 6f75 7420 6279 2067 7275 622d 6d6b d out by grub-mk\n+0001b810: 6e65 7464 6972 206f 6e20 636f 6e66 6967 netdir on config\n+0001b820: 7572 696e 670a 796f 7572 2044 4843 5020 uring.your DHCP \n+0001b830: 7365 7276 6572 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 server... The \n+0001b840: 6772 7562 2e63 6667 2066 696c 6520 6973 grub.cfg file is\n+0001b850: 2070 6c61 6365 6420 696e 2074 6865 2073 placed in the s\n+0001b860: 616d 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 6173 ame directory as\n+0001b870: 2074 6865 2070 6174 6820 6f75 7470 7574 the path output\n+0001b880: 0a62 7920 6772 7562 2d6d 6b6e 6574 6469 .by grub-mknetdi\n+0001b890: 7220 6865 7265 6166 7465 7220 7265 6665 r hereafter refe\n+0001b8a0: 7272 6564 2074 6f20 6173 2046 5750 4154 rred to as FWPAT\n+0001b8b0: 482e 2047 5255 4220 7769 6c6c 2073 6561 H. GRUB will sea\n+0001b8c0: 7263 6820 666f 720a 6974 7320 636f 6e66 rch for.its conf\n+0001b8d0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 7320 iguration files \n+0001b8e0: 696e 206f 7264 6572 2075 7369 6e67 2074 in order using t\n+0001b8f0: 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2072 756c he following rul\n+0001b900: 6573 2077 6865 7265 2074 6865 0a61 7070 es where the.app\n+0001b910: 656e 6465 6420 7661 6c75 6520 636f 7272 ended value corr\n+0001b920: 6573 706f 6e64 7320 746f 2061 2076 616c esponds to a val\n+0001b930: 7565 206f 6e20 7468 6520 636c 6965 6e74 ue on the client\n+0001b940: 206d 6163 6869 6e65 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 machine... \n+0001b950: e280 9828 4657 5041 5448 29e2 8099 2f67 ...(FWPATH).../g\n+0001b960: 7275 622e 6366 672d e280 9828 5555 4944 rub.cfg-...(UUID\n+0001b970: 204f 4620 4d41 4348 494e 4529 e280 990a OF MACHINE)....\n+0001b980: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2846 5750 4154 4829 ...(FWPATH)\n+0001b990: e280 992f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 2de2 8098 .../grub.cfg-...\n+0001b9a0: 284d 4143 2041 4444 5245 5353 204f 4620 (MAC ADDRESS OF \n+0001b9b0: 4e49 4329 e280 990a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 NIC).... ...\n+0001b9c0: 2846 5750 4154 4829 e280 992f 6772 7562 (FWPATH).../grub\n+0001b9d0: 2e63 6667 2de2 8098 2849 5076 3420 4f52 .cfg-...(IPv4 OR\n+0001b9e0: 2049 5076 3620 4144 4452 4553 5329 e280 IPv6 ADDRESS)..\n+0001b9f0: 990a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2846 5750 4154 .. ...(FWPAT\n+0001ba00: 4829 e280 992f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 0a0a H).../grub.cfg..\n+0001ba10: 2020 2054 6865 2055 5549 4420 6973 2074 The UUID is t\n+0001ba20: 6865 2043 6c69 656e 7420 4d61 6368 696e he Client Machin\n+0001ba30: 6520 4964 656e 7469 6669 6572 204f 7074 e Identifier Opt\n+0001ba40: 696f 6e20 4465 6669 6e69 7469 6f6e 2061 ion Definition a\n+0001ba50: 730a 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 696e 2052 s.specified in R\n+0001ba60: 4643 2034 3537 382e 2020 5468 6520 636c FC 4578. The cl\n+0001ba70: 6965 6e74 2077 696c 6c20 6f6e 6c79 2061 ient will only a\n+0001ba80: 7474 656d 7074 2074 6f20 6c6f 6f75 6b20 ttempt to loouk \n+0001ba90: 7570 2061 2055 5549 440a 636f 6e66 6967 up a UUID.config\n+0001baa0: 2066 696c 6520 6966 2069 7420 7761 7320 file if it was \n+0001bab0: 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 provided by the \n+0001bac0: 4448 4350 2073 6572 7665 722e 0a0a 2020 DHCP server... \n+0001bad0: 2054 6865 2063 6c69 656e 7420 7769 6c6c The client will\n+0001bae0: 206f 6e6c 7920 6174 7465 6d70 7420 746f only attempt to\n+0001baf0: 206c 6f6f 6b20 7570 2061 6e20 4950 7636 look up an IPv6\n+0001bb00: 2061 6464 7265 7373 2063 6f6e 6669 6720 address config \n+0001bb10: 6f6e 6365 2c0a 686f 7765 7665 722c 2069 once,.however, i\n+0001bb20: 7420 7769 6c6c 2074 7279 2074 6865 2049 t will try the I\n+0001bb30: 5076 3420 6d75 6c74 6970 6c65 2074 696d Pv4 multiple tim\n+0001bb40: 6573 2e20 2054 6865 2063 6f6e 6372 6574 es. The concret\n+0001bb50: 6520 6578 616d 706c 650a 6265 6c6f 7720 e example.below \n+0001bb60: 7368 6f77 7320 7768 6174 2077 6f75 6c64 shows what would\n+0001bb70: 2068 6170 7065 6e20 756e 6465 7220 7468 happen under th\n+0001bb80: 6520 4950 7634 2063 6173 652e 0a0a 2020 e IPv4 case... \n+0001bb90: 2020 2055 5549 443a 2037 3732 3661 3637 UUID: 7726a67\n+0001bba0: 382d 3766 6330 2d34 3835 332d 6134 6636 8-7fc0-4853-a4f6\n+0001bbb0: 2d63 3835 6163 3336 6131 3230 610a 2020 -c85ac36a120a. \n+0001bbc0: 2020 204d 4143 3a20 2035 323a 3534 3a30 MAC: 52:54:0\n+0001bbd0: 303a 6563 3a33 333a 3831 0a20 2020 2020 0:ec:33:81. \n+0001bbe0: 4950 5634 3a20 3130 2e30 2e30 2e31 3330 IPV4: 10.0.0.130\n+0001bbf0: 2028 3041 3030 3030 3832 290a 0a20 2020 (0A000082).. \n+0001bc00: 2020 e280 9828 4657 5041 5448 29e2 8099 ...(FWPATH)...\n+0001bc10: 2f67 7275 622e 6366 672d 3737 3236 6136 /grub.cfg-7726a6\n+0001bc20: 3738 2d37 6663 302d 3438 3533 2d61 3466 78-7fc0-4853-a4f\n+0001bc30: 362d 6338 3561 6333 3661 3132 3061 0a20 6-c85ac36a120a. \n+0001bc40: 2020 2020 e280 9828 4657 5041 5448 29e2 ...(FWPATH).\n+0001bc50: 8099 2f67 7275 622e 6366 672d 3532 2d35 ../grub.cfg-52-5\n+0001bc60: 342d 3030 2d65 632d 3333 2d38 310a 2020 4-00-ec-33-81. \n+0001bc70: 2020 20e2 8098 2846 5750 4154 4829 e280 ...(FWPATH)..\n+0001bc80: 992f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 2d30 4130 3030 ./grub.cfg-0A000\n+0001bc90: 3038 320a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2846 5750 082. ...(FWP\n+0001bca0: 4154 4829 e280 992f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 ATH).../grub.cfg\n+0001bcb0: 2d30 4130 3030 3038 0a20 2020 2020 e280 -0A00008. ..\n+0001bcc0: 9828 4657 5041 5448 29e2 8099 2f67 7275 .(FWPATH).../gru\n+0001bcd0: 622e 6366 672d 3041 3030 3030 0a20 2020 b.cfg-0A0000. \n+0001bce0: 2020 e280 9828 4657 5041 5448 29e2 8099 ...(FWPATH)...\n+0001bcf0: 2f67 7275 622e 6366 672d 3041 3030 300a /grub.cfg-0A000.\n+0001bd00: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2846 5750 4154 4829 ...(FWPATH)\n+0001bd10: e280 992f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 2d30 4130 .../grub.cfg-0A0\n+0001bd20: 300a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2846 5750 4154 0. ...(FWPAT\n+0001bd30: 4829 e280 992f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 2d30 H).../grub.cfg-0\n+0001bd40: 4130 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9828 4657 5041 A0. ...(FWPA\n+0001bd50: 5448 29e2 8099 2f67 7275 622e 6366 672d TH).../grub.cfg-\n+0001bd60: 3041 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9828 4657 5041 0A. ...(FWPA\n+0001bd70: 5448 29e2 8099 2f67 7275 622e 6366 672d TH).../grub.cfg-\n+0001bd80: 300a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2846 5750 4154 0. ...(FWPAT\n+0001bd90: 4829 e280 992f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 0a0a H).../grub.cfg..\n+0001bda0: 2020 2054 6869 7320 6665 6174 7572 6520 This feature \n+0001bdb0: 6973 2065 6e61 626c 6564 2062 7920 6465 is enabled by de\n+0001bdc0: 6661 756c 7420 6275 7420 6974 2063 616e fault but it can\n+0001bdd0: 2062 6520 6469 7361 626c 6564 2062 7920 be disabled by \n+0001bde0: 7365 7474 696e 670a 7468 6520 e280 9866 setting.the ...f\n+0001bdf0: 6561 7475 7265 5f6e 6574 5f73 6561 7263 eature_net_searc\n+0001be00: 685f 6366 67e2 8099 2074 6f20 e280 986e h_cfg... to ...n\n+0001be10: e280 992e 2020 5369 6e63 6520 7468 6973 .... Since this\n+0001be20: 2068 6170 7065 6e73 2062 6566 6f72 6520 happens before \n+0001be30: 7468 650a 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f the.configuratio\n+0001be40: 6e20 6669 6c65 2069 7320 7265 6164 2062 n file is read b\n+0001be50: 7920 4752 5542 2c20 7468 6973 206f 7074 y GRUB, this opt\n+0001be60: 696f 6e20 6861 7320 746f 2062 6520 6469 ion has to be di\n+0001be70: 7361 626c 6564 2069 6e20 616e 0a65 6d62 sabled in an.emb\n+0001be80: 6564 6465 6420 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 edded configurat\n+0001be90: 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 ion file (*note \n+0001bea0: 456d 6265 6464 6564 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 Embedded configu\n+0001beb0: 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 2041 ration::)... A\n+0001bec0: 6674 6572 2047 5255 4220 6861 7320 7374 fter GRUB has st\n+0001bed0: 6172 7465 642c 2066 696c 6573 206f 6e20 arted, files on \n+0001bee0: 7468 6520 5446 5450 2073 6572 7665 7220 the TFTP server \n+0001bef0: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6163 6365 7373 6962 will be accessib\n+0001bf00: 6c65 0a76 6961 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2874 le.via the ...(t\n+0001bf10: 6674 7029 e280 9920 6465 7669 6365 2e0a ftp)... device..\n+0001bf20: 0a20 2020 5468 6520 7365 7276 6572 2049 . The server I\n+0001bf30: 5020 6164 6472 6573 7320 6361 6e20 6265 P address can be\n+0001bf40: 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 6c65 6420 6279 2063 controlled by c\n+0001bf50: 6861 6e67 696e 6720 7468 6520 e280 9828 hanging the ...(\n+0001bf60: 7466 7470 29e2 8099 0a64 6576 6963 6520 tftp)....device \n+0001bf70: 6e61 6d65 2074 6f20 e280 9828 7466 7470 name to ...(tftp\n+0001bf80: 2c53 4552 5645 522d 4950 29e2 8099 2e20 ,SERVER-IP).... \n+0001bf90: 204e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2074 6869 7320 Note that this \n+0001bfa0: 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 6368 616e 6765 should be change\n+0001bfb0: 640a 626f 7468 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7072 d.both in the pr\n+0001bfc0: 6566 6978 2061 6e64 2069 6e20 616e 7920 efix and in any \n+0001bfd0: 7265 6665 7265 6e63 6573 2074 6f20 7468 references to th\n+0001bfe0: 6520 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 6520 696e e device name in\n+0001bff0: 2074 6865 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 the.configurati\n+0001c000: 6f6e 2066 696c 652e 0a0a 2020 2047 5255 on file... GRU\n+0001c010: 4220 7072 6f76 6964 6573 2073 6576 6572 B provides sever\n+0001c020: 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 al environment v\n+0001c030: 6172 6961 626c 6573 2077 6869 6368 206d ariables which m\n+0001c040: 6179 2062 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f0a 696e ay be used to.in\n+0001c050: 7370 6563 7420 6f72 2063 6861 6e67 6520 spect or change \n+0001c060: 7468 6520 6265 6861 7669 6f75 7220 6f66 the behaviour of\n+0001c070: 2074 6865 2050 5845 2064 6576 6963 652e the PXE device.\n+0001c080: 2020 496e 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 In the followi\n+0001c090: 6e67 0a64 6573 6372 6970 7469 6f6e 203c ng.description <\n+0001c0a0: 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 2069 7320 706c INTERFACE> is pl\n+0001c0b0: 6163 6568 6f6c 6465 7220 666f 7220 7468 aceholder for th\n+0001c0c0: 6520 6e61 6d65 206f 6620 6e65 7477 6f72 e name of networ\n+0001c0d0: 6b20 696e 7465 7266 6163 650a 2870 6c61 k interface.(pla\n+0001c0e0: 7466 6f72 6d20 6465 7065 6e64 656e 7429 tform dependent)\n+0001c0f0: 3a0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 :.....net__ip.... \n+0001c110: 2054 6865 206e 6574 776f 726b 2069 6e74 The network int\n+0001c120: 6572 6661 6365 2773 2049 5020 6164 6472 erface's IP addr\n+0001c130: 6573 732e 2020 5265 6164 2d6f 6e6c 792e ess. Read-only.\n+0001c140: 0a0a e280 986e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 .....net__mac.... \n+0001c160: 2054 6865 206e 6574 776f 726b 2069 6e74 The network int\n+0001c170: 6572 6661 6365 2773 204d 4143 2061 6464 erface's MAC add\n+0001c180: 7265 7373 2e20 2052 6561 642d 6f6e 6c79 ress. Read-only\n+0001c190: 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 ......net__clientid..\n+0001c1b0: 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2063 6c69 656e .. The clien\n+0001c1c0: 7420 6964 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 6279 t id provided by\n+0001c1d0: 2044 4843 502e 2052 6561 642d 6f6e 6c79 DHCP. Read-only\n+0001c1e0: 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 ......net__clientuuid\n+0001c200: e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2063 6c69 .... The cli\n+0001c210: 656e 7420 7575 6964 2070 726f 7669 6465 ent uuid provide\n+0001c220: 6420 6279 2044 4843 502e 2052 6561 642d d by DHCP. Read-\n+0001c230: 6f6e 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f 3c49 only......net__hostna\n+0001c250: 6d65 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2063 me.... The c\n+0001c260: 6c69 656e 7420 686f 7374 206e 616d 6520 lient host name \n+0001c270: 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 4448 4350 provided by DHCP\n+0001c280: 2e20 5265 6164 2d6f 6e6c 792e 0a0a e280 . Read-only.....\n+0001c290: 986e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e .net_\n+0001c2a0: 5f64 6f6d 6169 6ee2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 _domain.... \n+0001c2b0: 5468 6520 636c 6965 6e74 2064 6f6d 6169 The client domai\n+0001c2c0: 6e20 6e61 6d65 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 n name provided \n+0001c2d0: 6279 2044 4843 502e 2052 6561 642d 6f6e by DHCP. Read-on\n+0001c2e0: 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 ly......net__rootpath\n+0001c300: e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2070 6174 .... The pat\n+0001c310: 6820 746f 2074 6865 2063 6c69 656e 7427 h to the client'\n+0001c320: 7320 726f 6f74 2064 6973 6b20 7072 6f76 s root disk prov\n+0001c330: 6964 6564 2062 7920 4448 4350 2e20 5265 ided by DHCP. Re\n+0001c340: 6164 2d6f 6e6c 792e 0a0a e280 986e 6574 ad-only......net\n+0001c350: 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f65 7874 __ext\n+0001c360: 656e 7369 6f6e 7370 6174 68e2 8099 0a20 ensionspath.... \n+0001c370: 2020 2020 5468 6520 7061 7468 2074 6f20 The path to \n+0001c380: 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 2044 4843 5020 additional DHCP \n+0001c390: 7665 6e64 6f72 2065 7874 656e 7369 6f6e vendor extension\n+0001c3a0: 7320 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 4448 s provided by DH\n+0001c3b0: 4350 2e0a 2020 2020 2052 6561 642d 6f6e CP.. Read-on\n+0001c3c0: 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 ly......net__boot_fil\n+0001c3e0: 65e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 626f e.... The bo\n+0001c3f0: 6f74 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 2070 726f ot file name pro\n+0001c400: 7669 6465 6420 6279 2044 4843 502e 2052 vided by DHCP. R\n+0001c410: 6561 642d 6f6e 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 ead-only......ne\n+0001c420: 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 6468 t__dh\n+0001c430: 6370 5f73 6572 7665 725f 6e61 6d65 e280 cp_server_name..\n+0001c440: 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 206e 616d 6520 .. The name \n+0001c450: 6f66 2074 6865 2044 4843 5020 7365 7276 of the DHCP serv\n+0001c460: 6572 2072 6573 706f 6e73 6962 6c65 2066 er responsible f\n+0001c470: 6f72 2074 6865 7365 2062 6f6f 7420 7061 or these boot pa\n+0001c480: 7261 6d65 7465 7273 2e0a 2020 2020 2052 rameters.. R\n+0001c490: 6561 642d 6f6e 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 ead-only......ne\n+0001c4a0: 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 6e65 t__ne\n+0001c4b0: 7874 5f73 6572 7665 72e2 8099 0a20 2020 xt_server.... \n+0001c4c0: 2020 5468 6520 4950 2061 6464 7265 7373 The IP address\n+0001c4d0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 6e65 7874 2028 7573 of the next (us\n+0001c4e0: 7561 6c6c 792c 2054 4654 5029 2073 6572 ually, TFTP) ser\n+0001c4f0: 7665 7220 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 ver provided by \n+0001c500: 4448 4350 2e0a 2020 2020 2052 6561 642d DHCP.. Read-\n+0001c510: 6f6e 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f 6465 only......net_de\n+0001c520: 6661 756c 745f 696e 7465 7266 6163 65e2 fault_interface.\n+0001c530: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 496e 6974 6961 6c6c ... Initiall\n+0001c540: 7920 7365 7420 746f 206e 616d 6520 6f66 y set to name of\n+0001c550: 206e 6574 776f 726b 2069 6e74 6572 6661 network interfa\n+0001c560: 6365 2074 6861 7420 7761 7320 7573 6564 ce that was used\n+0001c570: 2074 6f20 6c6f 6164 0a20 2020 2020 6772 to load. gr\n+0001c580: 7562 2e20 2052 6561 642d 7772 6974 652c ub. Read-write,\n+0001c590: 2061 6c74 686f 7567 6820 7365 7474 696e although settin\n+0001c5a0: 6720 6974 2061 6666 6563 7473 206f 6e6c g it affects onl\n+0001c5b0: 7920 696e 7465 7270 7265 7461 7469 6f6e y interpretation\n+0001c5c0: 0a20 2020 2020 6f66 20e2 8098 6e65 745f . of ...net_\n+0001c5d0: 6465 6661 756c 745f 6970 e280 9920 616e default_ip... an\n+0001c5e0: 6420 e280 986e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 d ...net_default\n+0001c5f0: 5f6d 6163 e280 990a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f _mac........net_\n+0001c600: 6465 6661 756c 745f 6970 e280 990a 2020 default_ip.... \n+0001c610: 2020 2054 6865 2049 5020 6164 6472 6573 The IP addres\n+0001c620: 7320 6f66 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2069 6e74 s of default int\n+0001c630: 6572 6661 6365 2e20 2052 6561 642d 6f6e erface. Read-on\n+0001c640: 6c79 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 2061 6c69 ly. This is ali\n+0001c650: 6173 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 as for. the \n+0001c660: e280 986e 6574 5f24 7b6e 6574 5f64 6566 ...net_${net_def\n+0001c670: 6175 6c74 5f69 6e74 6572 6661 6365 7d5f ault_interface}_\n+0001c680: 6970 e280 992e 0a0a e280 986e 6574 5f64 ip.........net_d\n+0001c690: 6566 6175 6c74 5f6d 6163 e280 990a 2020 efault_mac.... \n+0001c6a0: 2020 2054 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2069 The default i\n+0001c6b0: 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2773 204d 4143 2061 nterface's MAC a\n+0001c6c0: 6464 7265 7373 2e20 2052 6561 642d 6f6e ddress. Read-on\n+0001c6d0: 6c79 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 2061 6c69 ly. This is ali\n+0001c6e0: 6173 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 as for. the \n+0001c6f0: e280 986e 6574 5f24 7b6e 6574 5f64 6566 ...net_${net_def\n+0001c700: 6175 6c74 5f69 6e74 6572 6661 6365 7d5f ault_interface}_\n+0001c710: 6d61 63e2 8099 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f mac.........net_\n+0001c720: 6465 6661 756c 745f 7365 7276 6572 e280 default_server..\n+0001c730: 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2064 6566 6175 .. The defau\n+0001c740: 6c74 2073 6572 7665 7220 7573 6564 2062 lt server used b\n+0001c750: 7920 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 6472 6976 6573 y network drives\n+0001c760: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 4465 7669 6365 2073 (*note Device s\n+0001c770: 796e 7461 783a 3a29 2e0a 2020 2020 2052 yntax::).. R\n+0001c780: 6561 642d 7772 6974 652c 2061 6c74 686f ead-write, altho\n+0001c790: 7567 6820 7365 7474 696e 6720 7468 6973 ugh setting this\n+0001c7a0: 2069 7320 6f6e 6c79 2075 7365 6675 6c20 is only useful \n+0001c7b0: 6265 666f 7265 206f 7065 6e69 6e67 2061 before opening a\n+0001c7c0: 0a20 2020 2020 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 6465 . network de\n+0001c7d0: 7669 6365 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 vice.....File: g\n+0001c7e0: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+0001c7f0: 2053 6572 6961 6c20 7465 726d 696e 616c Serial terminal\n+0001c800: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2056 656e 646f 7220 , Next: Vendor \n+0001c810: 706f 7765 722d 6f6e 206b 6579 732c 2020 power-on keys, \n+0001c820: 5072 6576 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b2c 2020 Prev: Network, \n+0001c830: 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a39 2055 7369 6e67 Up: Top..9 Using\n+0001c840: 2047 5255 4220 7669 6120 6120 7365 7269 GRUB via a seri\n+0001c850: 616c 206c 696e 650a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a al line.********\n 0001c860: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-0001c870: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a **************..\n-0001c880: 5468 6973 2063 6861 7074 6572 2064 6573 This chapter des\n-0001c890: 6372 6962 6573 2068 6f77 2074 6f20 7573 cribes how to us\n-0001c8a0: 6520 7468 6520 7365 7269 616c 2074 6572 e the serial ter\n-0001c8b0: 6d69 6e61 6c20 7375 7070 6f72 7420 696e minal support in\n-0001c8c0: 2047 5255 422e 0a0a 2020 2049 6620 796f GRUB... If yo\n-0001c8d0: 7520 6861 7665 206d 616e 7920 636f 6d70 u have many comp\n-0001c8e0: 7574 6572 7320 6f72 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 uters or compute\n-0001c8f0: 7273 2077 6974 6820 6e6f 2064 6973 706c rs with no displ\n-0001c900: 6179 2f6b 6579 626f 6172 642c 2069 740a ay/keyboard, it.\n-0001c910: 636f 756c 6420 6265 2076 6572 7920 7573 could be very us\n-0001c920: 6566 756c 2074 6f20 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 eful to control \n-0001c930: 7468 6520 636f 6d70 7574 6572 7320 7468 the computers th\n-0001c940: 726f 7567 6820 7365 7269 616c 0a63 6f6d rough serial.com\n-0001c950: 6d75 6e69 6361 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 546f munications. To\n-0001c960: 2063 6f6e 6e65 6374 206f 6e65 2063 6f6d connect one com\n-0001c970: 7075 7465 7220 7769 7468 2061 6e6f 7468 puter with anoth\n-0001c980: 6572 2076 6961 2061 2073 6572 6961 6c20 er via a serial \n-0001c990: 6c69 6e65 2c0a 796f 7520 6e65 6564 2074 line,.you need t\n-0001c9a0: 6f20 7072 6570 6172 6520 6120 6e75 6c6c o prepare a null\n-0001c9b0: 2d6d 6f64 656d 2028 6372 6f73 7329 2073 -modem (cross) s\n-0001c9c0: 6572 6961 6c20 6361 626c 652c 2061 6e64 erial cable, and\n-0001c9d0: 2079 6f75 206d 6179 206e 6565 640a 746f you may need.to\n-0001c9e0: 2068 6176 6520 6d75 6c74 6970 6f72 7420 have multiport \n-0001c9f0: 7365 7269 616c 2062 6f61 7264 732c 2069 serial boards, i\n-0001ca00: 6620 796f 7572 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 7220 f your computer \n-0001ca10: 646f 6573 6e27 7420 6861 7665 2065 7874 doesn't have ext\n-0001ca20: 7261 0a73 6572 6961 6c20 706f 7274 732e ra.serial ports.\n-0001ca30: 2020 496e 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e2c 2061 In addition, a\n-0001ca40: 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 656d 756c 6174 terminal emulat\n-0001ca50: 6f72 2069 7320 616c 736f 2072 6571 7569 or is also requi\n-0001ca60: 7265 642c 2073 7563 680a 6173 206d 696e red, such.as min\n-0001ca70: 6963 6f6d 2e20 2052 6566 6572 2074 6f20 icom. Refer to \n-0001ca80: 6120 6d61 6e75 616c 206f 6620 796f 7572 a manual of your\n-0001ca90: 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 operating syste\n-0001caa0: 6d2c 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 650a 696e 666f m, for more.info\n-0001cab0: 726d 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2041 7320 rmation... As \n-0001cac0: 666f 7220 4752 5542 2c20 7468 6520 696e for GRUB, the in\n-0001cad0: 7374 7275 6374 696f 6e20 746f 2073 6574 struction to set\n-0001cae0: 2075 7020 6120 7365 7269 616c 2074 6572 up a serial ter\n-0001caf0: 6d69 6e61 6c20 6973 2071 7569 7465 0a73 minal is quite.s\n-0001cb00: 696d 706c 652e 2020 4865 7265 2069 7320 imple. Here is \n-0001cb10: 616e 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 3a0a 0a20 2020 an example:.. \n-0001cb20: 2020 6772 7562 3e20 7365 7269 616c 202d grub> serial -\n-0001cb30: 2d75 6e69 743d 3020 2d2d 7370 6565 643d -unit=0 --speed=\n-0001cb40: 3936 3030 0a20 2020 2020 6772 7562 3e20 9600. grub> \n-0001cb50: 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f69 6e70 7574 2073 terminal_input s\n-0001cb60: 6572 6961 6c3b 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f erial; terminal_\n-0001cb70: 6f75 7470 7574 2073 6572 6961 6c0a 0a20 output serial.. \n-0001cb80: 2020 5468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 The command ..\n-0001cb90: 9873 6572 6961 6ce2 8099 2069 6e69 7469 .serial... initi\n-0001cba0: 616c 697a 6573 2074 6865 2073 6572 6961 alizes the seria\n-0001cbb0: 6c20 756e 6974 2030 2077 6974 6820 7468 l unit 0 with th\n-0001cbc0: 6520 7370 6565 640a 3936 3030 6270 732e e speed.9600bps.\n-0001cbd0: 2020 5468 6520 7365 7269 616c 2075 6e69 The serial uni\n-0001cbe0: 7420 3020 6973 2075 7375 616c 6c79 2063 t 0 is usually c\n-0001cbf0: 616c 6c65 6420 e280 9843 4f4d 31e2 8099 alled ...COM1...\n-0001cc00: 2c20 736f 2c20 6966 2079 6f75 2077 616e , so, if you wan\n-0001cc10: 7420 746f 0a75 7365 2043 4f4d 322c 2079 t to.use COM2, y\n-0001cc20: 6f75 206d 7573 7420 7370 6563 6966 7920 ou must specify \n-0001cc30: e280 982d 2d75 6e69 743d 31e2 8099 2069 ...--unit=1... i\n-0001cc40: 6e73 7465 6164 2e20 2054 6869 7320 636f nstead. This co\n-0001cc50: 6d6d 616e 6420 6163 6365 7074 730a 6d61 mmand accepts.ma\n-0001cc60: 6e79 206f 7468 6572 206f 7074 696f 6e73 ny other options\n-0001cc70: 2c20 2a6e 6f74 6520 7365 7269 616c 3a3a , *note serial::\n-0001cc80: 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 6465 7461 696c for more detail\n-0001cc90: 732e 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 s... The comma\n-0001cca0: 6e64 7320 e280 9874 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f nds ...terminal_\n-0001ccb0: 696e 7075 74e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 input... (*note \n-0001ccc0: 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f69 6e70 7574 3a3a terminal_input::\n-0001ccd0: 2920 616e 640a e280 9874 6572 6d69 6e61 ) and....termina\n-0001cce0: 6c5f 6f75 7470 7574 e280 9920 282a 6e6f l_output... (*no\n-0001ccf0: 7465 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 6f75 7470 te terminal_outp\n-0001cd00: 7574 3a3a 2920 6368 6f6f 7365 2077 6869 ut::) choose whi\n-0001cd10: 6368 2074 7970 6520 6f66 0a74 6572 6d69 ch type of.termi\n-0001cd20: 6e61 6c20 796f 7520 7761 6e74 2074 6f20 nal you want to \n-0001cd30: 7573 652e 2020 496e 2074 6865 2063 6173 use. In the cas\n-0001cd40: 6520 6162 6f76 652c 2074 6865 2074 6572 e above, the ter\n-0001cd50: 6d69 6e61 6c20 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 610a minal will be a.\n-0001cd60: 7365 7269 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2c serial terminal,\n-0001cd70: 2062 7574 2079 6f75 2063 616e 2061 6c73 but you can als\n-0001cd80: 6f20 7061 7373 20e2 8098 636f 6e73 6f6c o pass ...consol\n-0001cd90: 65e2 8099 2074 6f20 7468 6520 636f 6d6d e... to the comm\n-0001cda0: 616e 642c 2061 730a e280 9874 6572 6d69 and, as....termi\n-0001cdb0: 6e61 6c5f 696e 7075 7420 7365 7269 616c nal_input serial\n-0001cdc0: 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 e280 992e 2020 496e console.... In\n-0001cdd0: 2074 6869 7320 6361 7365 2c20 6120 7465 this case, a te\n-0001cde0: 726d 696e 616c 2069 6e20 7768 6963 6820 rminal in which \n-0001cdf0: 796f 750a 7072 6573 7320 616e 7920 6b65 you.press any ke\n-0001ce00: 7920 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 7365 6c65 6374 y will be select\n-0001ce10: 6564 2061 7320 6120 4752 5542 2074 6572 ed as a GRUB ter\n-0001ce20: 6d69 6e61 6c2e 2020 496e 2074 6865 2065 minal. In the e\n-0001ce30: 7861 6d70 6c65 0a61 626f 7665 2c20 6e6f xample.above, no\n-0001ce40: 7465 2074 6861 7420 796f 7520 6e65 6564 te that you need\n-0001ce50: 2074 6f20 7075 7420 626f 7468 2063 6f6d to put both com\n-0001ce60: 6d61 6e64 7320 6f6e 2074 6865 2073 616d mands on the sam\n-0001ce70: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6c69 6e65 2c0a e command line,.\n-0001ce80: 6173 2079 6f75 2077 696c 6c20 6c6f 7365 as you will lose\n-0001ce90: 2074 6865 2061 6269 6c69 7479 2074 6f20 the ability to \n-0001cea0: 7479 7065 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 6f6e type commands on\n-0001ceb0: 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 2061 6674 the console aft\n-0001cec0: 6572 2074 6865 0a66 6972 7374 2063 6f6d er the.first com\n-0001ced0: 6d61 6e64 2e0a 0a20 2020 486f 7765 7665 mand... Howeve\n-0001cee0: 722c 206e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2047 5255 r, note that GRU\n-0001cef0: 4220 6173 7375 6d65 7320 7468 6174 2079 B assumes that y\n-0001cf00: 6f75 7220 7465 726d 696e 616c 2065 6d75 our terminal emu\n-0001cf10: 6c61 746f 7220 6973 0a63 6f6d 7061 7469 lator is.compati\n-0001cf20: 626c 6520 7769 7468 2056 5431 3030 2062 ble with VT100 b\n-0001cf30: 7920 6465 6661 756c 742e 2020 5468 6973 y default. This\n-0001cf40: 2069 7320 7472 7565 2066 6f72 206d 6f73 is true for mos\n-0001cf50: 7420 7465 726d 696e 616c 0a65 6d75 6c61 t terminal.emula\n-0001cf60: 746f 7273 206e 6f77 6164 6179 732c 2062 tors nowadays, b\n-0001cf70: 7574 2079 6f75 2073 686f 756c 6420 7061 ut you should pa\n-0001cf80: 7373 2074 6865 206f 7074 696f 6e20 e280 ss the option ..\n-0001cf90: 982d 2d64 756d 62e2 8099 2074 6f20 7468 .--dumb... to th\n-0001cfa0: 650a 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6966 2079 6f75 e.command if you\n-0001cfb0: 7220 7465 726d 696e 616c 2065 6d75 6c61 r terminal emula\n-0001cfc0: 746f 7220 6973 206e 6f74 2056 5431 3030 tor is not VT100\n-0001cfd0: 2d63 6f6d 7061 7469 626c 6520 6f72 2069 -compatible or i\n-0001cfe0: 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 730a 6665 7720 5654 mplements.few VT\n-0001cff0: 3130 3020 6573 6361 7065 2073 6571 7565 100 escape seque\n-0001d000: 6e63 6573 2e20 2049 6620 796f 7520 7370 nces. If you sp\n-0001d010: 6563 6966 7920 7468 6973 206f 7074 696f ecify this optio\n-0001d020: 6e20 7468 656e 2047 5255 420a 7072 6f76 n then GRUB.prov\n-0001d030: 6964 6573 2079 6f75 2077 6974 6820 616e ides you with an\n-0001d040: 2061 6c74 6572 6e61 7469 7665 206d 656e alternative men\n-0001d050: 7520 696e 7465 7266 6163 652c 2062 6563 u interface, bec\n-0001d060: 6175 7365 2074 6865 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 ause the normal \n-0001d070: 6d65 6e75 0a72 6571 7569 7265 7320 7365 menu.requires se\n-0001d080: 7665 7261 6c20 6661 6e63 7920 6665 6174 veral fancy feat\n-0001d090: 7572 6573 206f 6620 796f 7572 2074 6572 ures of your ter\n-0001d0a0: 6d69 6e61 6c2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 minal.....File: \n-0001d0b0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-0001d0c0: 3a20 5665 6e64 6f72 2070 6f77 6572 2d6f : Vendor power-o\n-0001d0d0: 6e20 6b65 7973 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2049 n keys, Next: I\n-0001d0e0: 6d61 6765 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5365 mages, Prev: Se\n-0001d0f0: 7269 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2c 2020 rial terminal, \n-0001d100: 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a31 3020 5573 696e Up: Top..10 Usin\n-0001d110: 6720 4752 5542 2077 6974 6820 7665 6e64 g GRUB with vend\n-0001d120: 6f72 2070 6f77 6572 2d6f 6e20 6b65 7973 or power-on keys\n-0001d130: 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a .***************\n+0001c870: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 5468 6973 2063 6861 ******..This cha\n+0001c880: 7074 6572 2064 6573 6372 6962 6573 2068 pter describes h\n+0001c890: 6f77 2074 6f20 7573 6520 7468 6520 7365 ow to use the se\n+0001c8a0: 7269 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 7375 rial terminal su\n+0001c8b0: 7070 6f72 7420 696e 2047 5255 422e 0a0a pport in GRUB...\n+0001c8c0: 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 6861 7665 206d If you have m\n+0001c8d0: 616e 7920 636f 6d70 7574 6572 7320 6f72 any computers or\n+0001c8e0: 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 7273 2077 6974 6820 computers with \n+0001c8f0: 6e6f 2064 6973 706c 6179 2f6b 6579 626f no display/keybo\n+0001c900: 6172 642c 2069 740a 636f 756c 6420 6265 ard, it.could be\n+0001c910: 2076 6572 7920 7573 6566 756c 2074 6f20 very useful to \n+0001c920: 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 7468 6520 636f 6d70 control the comp\n+0001c930: 7574 6572 7320 7468 726f 7567 6820 7365 uters through se\n+0001c940: 7269 616c 0a63 6f6d 6d75 6e69 6361 7469 rial.communicati\n+0001c950: 6f6e 732e 2020 546f 2063 6f6e 6e65 6374 ons. To connect\n+0001c960: 206f 6e65 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 7220 7769 one computer wi\n+0001c970: 7468 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 2076 6961 2061 th another via a\n+0001c980: 2073 6572 6961 6c20 6c69 6e65 2c0a 796f serial line,.yo\n+0001c990: 7520 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 7072 6570 6172 u need to prepar\n+0001c9a0: 6520 6120 6e75 6c6c 2d6d 6f64 656d 2028 e a null-modem (\n+0001c9b0: 6372 6f73 7329 2073 6572 6961 6c20 6361 cross) serial ca\n+0001c9c0: 626c 652c 2061 6e64 2079 6f75 206d 6179 ble, and you may\n+0001c9d0: 206e 6565 640a 746f 2068 6176 6520 6d75 need.to have mu\n+0001c9e0: 6c74 6970 6f72 7420 7365 7269 616c 2062 ltiport serial b\n+0001c9f0: 6f61 7264 732c 2069 6620 796f 7572 2063 oards, if your c\n+0001ca00: 6f6d 7075 7465 7220 646f 6573 6e27 7420 omputer doesn't \n+0001ca10: 6861 7665 2065 7874 7261 0a73 6572 6961 have extra.seria\n+0001ca20: 6c20 706f 7274 732e 2020 496e 2061 6464 l ports. In add\n+0001ca30: 6974 696f 6e2c 2061 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 ition, a termina\n+0001ca40: 6c20 656d 756c 6174 6f72 2069 7320 616c l emulator is al\n+0001ca50: 736f 2072 6571 7569 7265 642c 2073 7563 so required, suc\n+0001ca60: 680a 6173 206d 696e 6963 6f6d 2e20 2052 h.as minicom. R\n+0001ca70: 6566 6572 2074 6f20 6120 6d61 6e75 616c efer to a manual\n+0001ca80: 206f 6620 796f 7572 206f 7065 7261 7469 of your operati\n+0001ca90: 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d2c 2066 6f72 206d ng system, for m\n+0001caa0: 6f72 650a 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e2e ore.information.\n+0001cab0: 0a0a 2020 2041 7320 666f 7220 4752 5542 .. As for GRUB\n+0001cac0: 2c20 7468 6520 696e 7374 7275 6374 696f , the instructio\n+0001cad0: 6e20 746f 2073 6574 2075 7020 6120 7365 n to set up a se\n+0001cae0: 7269 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 6973 rial terminal is\n+0001caf0: 2071 7569 7465 0a73 696d 706c 652e 2020 quite.simple. \n+0001cb00: 4865 7265 2069 7320 616e 2065 7861 6d70 Here is an examp\n+0001cb10: 6c65 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 6772 7562 3e20 le:.. grub> \n+0001cb20: 7365 7269 616c 202d 2d75 6e69 743d 3020 serial --unit=0 \n+0001cb30: 2d2d 7370 6565 643d 3936 3030 0a20 2020 --speed=9600. \n+0001cb40: 2020 6772 7562 3e20 7465 726d 696e 616c grub> terminal\n+0001cb50: 5f69 6e70 7574 2073 6572 6961 6c3b 2074 _input serial; t\n+0001cb60: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 6f75 7470 7574 2073 erminal_output s\n+0001cb70: 6572 6961 6c0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 636f erial.. The co\n+0001cb80: 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 9873 6572 6961 6ce2 mmand ...serial.\n+0001cb90: 8099 2069 6e69 7469 616c 697a 6573 2074 .. initializes t\n+0001cba0: 6865 2073 6572 6961 6c20 756e 6974 2030 he serial unit 0\n+0001cbb0: 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 7370 6565 640a with the speed.\n+0001cbc0: 3936 3030 6270 732e 2020 5468 6520 7365 9600bps. The se\n+0001cbd0: 7269 616c 2075 6e69 7420 3020 6973 2075 rial unit 0 is u\n+0001cbe0: 7375 616c 6c79 2063 616c 6c65 6420 e280 sually called ..\n+0001cbf0: 9843 4f4d 31e2 8099 2c20 736f 2c20 6966 .COM1..., so, if\n+0001cc00: 2079 6f75 2077 616e 7420 746f 0a75 7365 you want to.use\n+0001cc10: 2043 4f4d 322c 2079 6f75 206d 7573 7420 COM2, you must \n+0001cc20: 7370 6563 6966 7920 e280 982d 2d75 6e69 specify ...--uni\n+0001cc30: 743d 31e2 8099 2069 6e73 7465 6164 2e20 t=1... instead. \n+0001cc40: 2054 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6163 This command ac\n+0001cc50: 6365 7074 730a 6d61 6e79 206f 7468 6572 cepts.many other\n+0001cc60: 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2c20 2a6e 6f74 6520 options, *note \n+0001cc70: 7365 7269 616c 3a3a 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 serial:: for mor\n+0001cc80: 6520 6465 7461 696c 732e 0a0a 2020 2054 e details... T\n+0001cc90: 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 e280 9874 he commands ...t\n+0001cca0: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 696e 7075 74e2 8099 erminal_input...\n+0001ccb0: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 7465 726d 696e 616c (*note terminal\n+0001ccc0: 5f69 6e70 7574 3a3a 2920 616e 640a e280 _input::) and...\n+0001ccd0: 9874 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 6f75 7470 7574 .terminal_output\n+0001cce0: e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2074 6572 6d69 ... (*note termi\n+0001ccf0: 6e61 6c5f 6f75 7470 7574 3a3a 2920 6368 nal_output::) ch\n+0001cd00: 6f6f 7365 2077 6869 6368 2074 7970 6520 oose which type \n+0001cd10: 6f66 0a74 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 796f 7520 of.terminal you \n+0001cd20: 7761 6e74 2074 6f20 7573 652e 2020 496e want to use. In\n+0001cd30: 2074 6865 2063 6173 6520 6162 6f76 652c the case above,\n+0001cd40: 2074 6865 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 7769 the terminal wi\n+0001cd50: 6c6c 2062 6520 610a 7365 7269 616c 2074 ll be a.serial t\n+0001cd60: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2c 2062 7574 2079 6f75 erminal, but you\n+0001cd70: 2063 616e 2061 6c73 6f20 7061 7373 20e2 can also pass .\n+0001cd80: 8098 636f 6e73 6f6c 65e2 8099 2074 6f20 ..console... to \n+0001cd90: 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642c 2061 730a the command, as.\n+0001cda0: e280 9874 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 696e 7075 ...terminal_inpu\n+0001cdb0: 7420 7365 7269 616c 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 t serial console\n+0001cdc0: e280 992e 2020 496e 2074 6869 7320 6361 .... In this ca\n+0001cdd0: 7365 2c20 6120 7465 726d 696e 616c 2069 se, a terminal i\n+0001cde0: 6e20 7768 6963 6820 796f 750a 7072 6573 n which you.pres\n+0001cdf0: 7320 616e 7920 6b65 7920 7769 6c6c 2062 s any key will b\n+0001ce00: 6520 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2061 7320 6120 e selected as a \n+0001ce10: 4752 5542 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2e 2020 GRUB terminal. \n+0001ce20: 496e 2074 6865 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 0a61 In the example.a\n+0001ce30: 626f 7665 2c20 6e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 bove, note that \n+0001ce40: 796f 7520 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 7075 7420 you need to put \n+0001ce50: 626f 7468 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 6f6e both commands on\n+0001ce60: 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 636f 6d6d 616e the same comman\n+0001ce70: 6420 6c69 6e65 2c0a 6173 2079 6f75 2077 d line,.as you w\n+0001ce80: 696c 6c20 6c6f 7365 2074 6865 2061 6269 ill lose the abi\n+0001ce90: 6c69 7479 2074 6f20 7479 7065 2063 6f6d lity to type com\n+0001cea0: 6d61 6e64 7320 6f6e 2074 6865 2063 6f6e mands on the con\n+0001ceb0: 736f 6c65 2061 6674 6572 2074 6865 0a66 sole after the.f\n+0001cec0: 6972 7374 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2e0a 0a20 irst command... \n+0001ced0: 2020 486f 7765 7665 722c 206e 6f74 6520 However, note \n+0001cee0: 7468 6174 2047 5255 4220 6173 7375 6d65 that GRUB assume\n+0001cef0: 7320 7468 6174 2079 6f75 7220 7465 726d s that your term\n+0001cf00: 696e 616c 2065 6d75 6c61 746f 7220 6973 inal emulator is\n+0001cf10: 0a63 6f6d 7061 7469 626c 6520 7769 7468 .compatible with\n+0001cf20: 2056 5431 3030 2062 7920 6465 6661 756c VT100 by defaul\n+0001cf30: 742e 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 7472 7565 t. This is true\n+0001cf40: 2066 6f72 206d 6f73 7420 7465 726d 696e for most termin\n+0001cf50: 616c 0a65 6d75 6c61 746f 7273 206e 6f77 al.emulators now\n+0001cf60: 6164 6179 732c 2062 7574 2079 6f75 2073 adays, but you s\n+0001cf70: 686f 756c 6420 7061 7373 2074 6865 206f hould pass the o\n+0001cf80: 7074 696f 6e20 e280 982d 2d64 756d 62e2 ption ...--dumb.\n+0001cf90: 8099 2074 6f20 7468 650a 636f 6d6d 616e .. to the.comman\n+0001cfa0: 6420 6966 2079 6f75 7220 7465 726d 696e d if your termin\n+0001cfb0: 616c 2065 6d75 6c61 746f 7220 6973 206e al emulator is n\n+0001cfc0: 6f74 2056 5431 3030 2d63 6f6d 7061 7469 ot VT100-compati\n+0001cfd0: 626c 6520 6f72 2069 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 ble or implement\n+0001cfe0: 730a 6665 7720 5654 3130 3020 6573 6361 s.few VT100 esca\n+0001cff0: 7065 2073 6571 7565 6e63 6573 2e20 2049 pe sequences. I\n+0001d000: 6620 796f 7520 7370 6563 6966 7920 7468 f you specify th\n+0001d010: 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 7468 656e 2047 is option then G\n+0001d020: 5255 420a 7072 6f76 6964 6573 2079 6f75 RUB.provides you\n+0001d030: 2077 6974 6820 616e 2061 6c74 6572 6e61 with an alterna\n+0001d040: 7469 7665 206d 656e 7520 696e 7465 7266 tive menu interf\n+0001d050: 6163 652c 2062 6563 6175 7365 2074 6865 ace, because the\n+0001d060: 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 6d65 6e75 0a72 6571 normal menu.req\n+0001d070: 7569 7265 7320 7365 7665 7261 6c20 6661 uires several fa\n+0001d080: 6e63 7920 6665 6174 7572 6573 206f 6620 ncy features of \n+0001d090: 796f 7572 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2e 0a0a your terminal...\n+0001d0a0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+0001d0b0: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5665 6e64 6f72 o, Node: Vendor\n+0001d0c0: 2070 6f77 6572 2d6f 6e20 6b65 7973 2c20 power-on keys, \n+0001d0d0: 204e 6578 743a 2049 6d61 6765 732c 2020 Next: Images, \n+0001d0e0: 5072 6576 3a20 5365 7269 616c 2074 6572 Prev: Serial ter\n+0001d0f0: 6d69 6e61 6c2c 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a minal, Up: Top.\n+0001d100: 0a31 3020 5573 696e 6720 4752 5542 2077 .10 Using GRUB w\n+0001d110: 6974 6820 7665 6e64 6f72 2070 6f77 6572 ith vendor power\n+0001d120: 2d6f 6e20 6b65 7973 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a -on keys.*******\n+0001d130: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n 0001d140: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-0001d150: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 536f 6d65 206c ********..Some l\n-0001d160: 6170 746f 7020 7665 6e64 6f72 7320 7072 aptop vendors pr\n-0001d170: 6f76 6964 6520 616e 2061 6464 6974 696f ovide an additio\n-0001d180: 6e61 6c20 706f 7765 722d 6f6e 2062 7574 nal power-on but\n-0001d190: 746f 6e20 7768 6963 6820 626f 6f74 730a ton which boots.\n-0001d1a0: 616e 6f74 6865 7220 4f53 2e20 4752 5542 another OS. GRUB\n-0001d1b0: 2073 7570 706f 7274 7320 7375 6368 2062 supports such b\n-0001d1c0: 7574 746f 6e73 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 uttons with the \n-0001d1d0: e280 9847 5255 425f 5449 4d45 4f55 545f ...GRUB_TIMEOUT_\n-0001d1e0: 4255 5454 4f4e e280 992c 0ae2 8098 4752 BUTTON...,....GR\n-0001d1f0: 5542 5f54 494d 454f 5554 5f53 5459 4c45 UB_TIMEOUT_STYLE\n-0001d200: 5f42 5554 544f 4ee2 8099 2c20 e280 9847 _BUTTON..., ...G\n-0001d210: 5255 425f 4445 4641 554c 545f 4255 5454 RUB_DEFAULT_BUTT\n-0001d220: 4f4e e280 992c 2061 6e64 0ae2 8098 4752 ON..., and....GR\n-0001d230: 5542 5f42 5554 544f 4e5f 434d 4f53 5f41 UB_BUTTON_CMOS_A\n-0001d240: 4444 5245 5353 e280 9920 7661 7269 6162 DDRESS... variab\n-0001d250: 6c65 7320 696e 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2f67 les in default/g\n-0001d260: 7275 6220 282a 6e6f 7465 2053 696d 706c rub (*note Simpl\n-0001d270: 650a 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e3a e.configuration:\n-0001d280: 3a29 2e20 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 494d :). ...GRUB_TIM\n-0001d290: 454f 5554 5f42 5554 544f 4ee2 8099 2c20 EOUT_BUTTON..., \n-0001d2a0: e280 9847 5255 425f 5449 4d45 4f55 545f ...GRUB_TIMEOUT_\n-0001d2b0: 5354 594c 455f 4255 5454 4f4e e280 992c STYLE_BUTTON...,\n-0001d2c0: 0a61 6e64 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f44 4546 .and ...GRUB_DEF\n-0001d2d0: 4155 4c54 5f42 5554 544f 4ee2 8099 2061 AULT_BUTTON... a\n-0001d2e0: 7265 2075 7365 6420 696e 7374 6561 6420 re used instead \n-0001d2f0: 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f72 7265 7370 6f6e of the correspon\n-0001d300: 6469 6e67 0a76 6172 6961 626c 6573 2077 ding.variables w\n-0001d310: 6974 686f 7574 2074 6865 20e2 8098 5f42 ithout the ..._B\n-0001d320: 5554 544f 4ee2 8099 2073 7566 6669 7820 UTTON... suffix \n-0001d330: 7768 656e 2070 6f77 6572 6564 206f 6e20 when powered on \n-0001d340: 7573 696e 6720 7468 6520 7370 6563 6961 using the specia\n-0001d350: 6c0a 6275 7474 6f6e 2e20 20e2 8098 4752 l.button. ...GR\n-0001d360: 5542 5f42 5554 544f 4e5f 434d 4f53 5f41 UB_BUTTON_CMOS_A\n-0001d370: 4444 5245 5353 e280 9920 6973 2076 656e DDRESS... is ven\n-0001d380: 646f 722d 7370 6563 6966 6963 2061 6e64 dor-specific and\n-0001d390: 2070 6172 7469 616c 6c79 0a6d 6f64 656c partially.model\n-0001d3a0: 2d73 7065 6369 6669 632e 2020 5661 6c75 -specific. Valu\n-0001d3b0: 6573 206b 6e6f 776e 2074 6f20 7468 6520 es known to the \n-0001d3c0: 4752 5542 2074 6561 6d20 6172 653a 0a0a GRUB team are:..\n-0001d3d0: 3c44 656c 6c20 5850 5320 4d31 3333 304d . 121:3.. \n-0001d400: 2020 2038 353a 330a 3c44 656c 6c20 4c61 85:3.. \n-0001d420: 2020 2038 353a 330a 3c41 7375 7320 4565 85:3.. \n-0001d440: 2038 343a 3120 2875 6e63 6f6e 6669 726d 84:1 (unconfirm\n-0001d450: 6564 290a 3c4c 454e 4f56 4f20 5468 696e ed).. 101:3\n-0001d480: 0a0a 2020 2054 6f20 7461 6b65 2066 756c .. To take ful\n-0001d490: 6c20 6164 7661 6e74 6167 6520 6f66 2074 l advantage of t\n-0001d4a0: 6869 7320 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 2c20 696e his function, in\n-0001d4b0: 7374 616c 6c20 4752 5542 2069 6e74 6f20 stall GRUB into \n-0001d4c0: 7468 6520 4d42 520a 282a 6e6f 7465 2049 the MBR.(*note I\n-0001d4d0: 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e 6720 4752 5542 2075 nstalling GRUB u\n-0001d4e0: 7369 6e67 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c sing grub-instal\n-0001d4f0: 6c3a 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 4966 2079 6f75 l::)... If you\n-0001d500: 2068 6176 6520 6120 6c61 7074 6f70 2077 have a laptop w\n-0001d510: 6869 6368 2068 6173 2061 2073 696d 696c hich has a simil\n-0001d520: 6172 2066 6561 7475 7265 2061 6e64 206e ar feature and n\n-0001d530: 6f74 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6162 6f76 650a ot in the above.\n-0001d540: 6c69 7374 2063 6f75 6c64 2079 6f75 2066 list could you f\n-0001d550: 6967 7572 6520 796f 7572 2061 6464 7265 igure your addre\n-0001d560: 7373 2061 6e64 2063 6f6e 7472 6962 7574 ss and contribut\n-0001d570: 653f 2020 546f 2064 6973 636f 7665 7220 e? To discover \n-0001d580: 7468 650a 6164 6472 6573 7320 646f 2074 the.address do t\n-0001d590: 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 3a0a 2020 he following:. \n-0001d5a0: 20e2 80a2 2062 6f6f 7420 6e6f 726d 616c ... boot normal\n-0001d5b0: 6c79 0a20 2020 e280 a220 2020 2020 2073 ly. ... s\n-0001d5c0: 7564 6f20 6d6f 6470 726f 6265 206e 7672 udo modprobe nvr\n-0001d5d0: 616d 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 7564 am. sud\n-0001d5e0: 6f20 6361 7420 2f64 6576 2f6e 7672 616d o cat /dev/nvram\n-0001d5f0: 207c 2078 7864 203e 206e 6f72 6d61 6c5f | xxd > normal_\n-0001d600: 6275 7474 6f6e 2e74 7874 0a20 2020 e280 button.txt. ..\n-0001d610: a220 626f 6f74 2075 7369 6e67 2076 656e . boot using ven\n-0001d620: 646f 7220 6275 7474 6f6e 0a20 2020 e280 dor button. ..\n-0001d630: a220 2020 2020 2073 7564 6f20 6d6f 6470 . sudo modp\n-0001d640: 726f 6265 206e 7672 616d 0a20 2020 2020 robe nvram. \n-0001d650: 2020 2020 2073 7564 6f20 6361 7420 2f64 sudo cat /d\n-0001d660: 6576 2f6e 7672 616d 207c 2078 7864 203e ev/nvram | xxd >\n-0001d670: 206e 6f72 6d61 6c5f 7665 6e64 6f72 2e74 normal_vendor.t\n-0001d680: 7874 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 6e20 636f 6d70 xt.. Then comp\n-0001d690: 6172 6520 7468 6573 6520 7465 7874 2066 are these text f\n-0001d6a0: 696c 6573 2061 6e64 2066 696e 6420 7768 iles and find wh\n-0001d6b0: 6572 6520 6120 6269 7420 7761 7320 746f ere a bit was to\n-0001d6c0: 6767 6c65 642e 2020 452e 672e 0a69 6e20 ggled. E.g..in \n-0001d6d0: 6361 7365 206f 6620 4465 6c6c 2058 5053 case of Dell XPS\n-0001d6e0: 2069 7420 7761 733a 0a20 2020 2020 6279 it was:. by\n-0001d6f0: 7465 2030 7834 373a 2032 3020 2d2d 3e20 te 0x47: 20 --> \n-0001d700: 3238 0a20 2020 4974 2773 2061 2062 6974 28. It's a bit\n-0001d710: 206e 756d 6265 7220 3320 6173 2073 6565 number 3 as see\n-0001d720: 6e20 6672 6f6d 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 n from following\n-0001d730: 2074 6162 6c65 3a0a 3020 2020 2020 2020 table:.0 \n-0001d740: 2020 2020 2020 2030 310a 3120 2020 2020 01.1 \n-0001d750: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2030 320a 3220 2020 02.2 \n-0001d760: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2030 340a 3320 04.3 \n-0001d770: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2030 380a 08.\n-0001d780: 3420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2031 4 1\n-0001d790: 300a 3520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 0.5 \n-0001d7a0: 2032 300a 3620 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 20.6 \n-0001d7b0: 2020 2034 300a 3720 2020 2020 2020 2020 40.7 \n-0001d7c0: 2020 2020 2038 300a 0a20 2020 3078 3437 80.. 0x47\n-0001d7d0: 2069 7320 6465 6369 6d61 6c20 3731 2e20 is decimal 71. \n-0001d7e0: 204c 696e 7578 206e 7672 616d 2069 6d70 Linux nvram imp\n-0001d7f0: 6c65 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 6375 7473 lementation cuts\n-0001d800: 2066 6972 7374 2031 3420 6279 7465 730a first 14 bytes.\n-0001d810: 6f66 2043 4d4f 532e 2053 6f20 7468 6520 of CMOS. So the \n-0001d820: 7265 616c 2062 7974 6520 6164 6472 6573 real byte addres\n-0001d830: 7320 696e 2043 4d4f 5320 6973 2037 312b s in CMOS is 71+\n-0001d840: 3134 3d38 3520 536f 2063 6f6d 706c 6574 14=85 So complet\n-0001d850: 650a 6164 6472 6573 7320 6973 2038 353a e.address is 85:\n-0001d860: 330a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 3....File: grub.\n-0001d870: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6d61 info, Node: Ima\n-0001d880: 6765 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 436f 7265 ges, Next: Core\n-0001d890: 2069 6d61 6765 2073 697a 6520 6c69 6d69 image size limi\n-0001d8a0: 7461 7469 6f6e 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2056 tation, Prev: V\n-0001d8b0: 656e 646f 7220 706f 7765 722d 6f6e 206b endor power-on k\n-0001d8c0: 6579 732c 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a31 eys, Up: Top..1\n-0001d8d0: 3120 4752 5542 2069 6d61 6765 2066 696c 1 GRUB image fil\n-0001d8e0: 6573 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a es.*************\n-0001d8f0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 4752 5542 2063 6f6e ******..GRUB con\n-0001d900: 7369 7374 7320 6f66 2073 6576 6572 616c sists of several\n-0001d910: 2069 6d61 6765 733a 2061 2076 6172 6965 images: a varie\n-0001d920: 7479 206f 6620 626f 6f74 7374 7261 7020 ty of bootstrap \n-0001d930: 696d 6167 6573 2066 6f72 0a73 7461 7274 images for.start\n-0001d940: 696e 6720 4752 5542 2069 6e20 7661 7269 ing GRUB in vari\n-0001d950: 6f75 7320 7761 7973 2c20 6120 6b65 726e ous ways, a kern\n-0001d960: 656c 2069 6d61 6765 2c20 616e 6420 6120 el image, and a \n-0001d970: 7365 7420 6f66 206d 6f64 756c 6573 0a77 set of modules.w\n-0001d980: 6869 6368 2061 7265 2063 6f6d 6269 6e65 hich are combine\n-0001d990: 6420 7769 7468 2074 6865 206b 6572 6e65 d with the kerne\n-0001d9a0: 6c20 696d 6167 6520 746f 2066 6f72 6d20 l image to form \n-0001d9b0: 6120 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 2e20 2048 a core image. H\n-0001d9c0: 6572 6520 6973 0a61 2073 686f 7274 206f ere is.a short o\n-0001d9d0: 7665 7276 6965 7720 6f66 2074 6865 6d2e verview of them.\n-0001d9e0: 0a0a e280 9862 6f6f 742e 696d 67e2 8099 .....boot.img...\n-0001d9f0: 0a20 2020 2020 4f6e 2050 4320 4249 4f53 . On PC BIOS\n-0001da00: 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2c20 7468 6973 2069 systems, this i\n-0001da10: 6d61 6765 2069 7320 7468 6520 6669 7273 mage is the firs\n-0001da20: 7420 7061 7274 206f 6620 4752 5542 2074 t part of GRUB t\n-0001da30: 6f20 7374 6172 742e 0a20 2020 2020 4974 o start.. It\n-0001da40: 2069 7320 7772 6974 7465 6e20 746f 2061 is written to a\n-0001da50: 206d 6173 7465 7220 626f 6f74 2072 6563 master boot rec\n-0001da60: 6f72 6420 284d 4252 2920 6f72 2074 6f20 ord (MBR) or to \n-0001da70: 7468 6520 626f 6f74 2073 6563 746f 720a the boot sector.\n-0001da80: 2020 2020 206f 6620 6120 7061 7274 6974 of a partit\n-0001da90: 696f 6e2e 2020 4265 6361 7573 6520 6120 ion. Because a \n-0001daa0: 5043 2062 6f6f 7420 7365 6374 6f72 2069 PC boot sector i\n-0001dab0: 7320 3531 3220 6279 7465 732c 2074 6865 s 512 bytes, the\n-0001dac0: 2073 697a 6520 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 7468 size of. th\n-0001dad0: 6973 2069 6d61 6765 2069 7320 6578 6163 is image is exac\n-0001dae0: 746c 7920 3531 3220 6279 7465 732e 0a0a tly 512 bytes...\n-0001daf0: 2020 2020 2054 6865 2073 6f6c 6520 6675 The sole fu\n-0001db00: 6e63 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 e280 9862 6f6f nction of ...boo\n-0001db10: 742e 696d 67e2 8099 2069 7320 746f 2072 t.img... is to r\n-0001db20: 6561 6420 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 7365 ead the first se\n-0001db30: 6374 6f72 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 ctor of the. \n-0001db40: 2063 6f72 6520 696d 6167 6520 6672 6f6d core image from\n-0001db50: 2061 206c 6f63 616c 2064 6973 6b20 616e a local disk an\n-0001db60: 6420 6a75 6d70 2074 6f20 6974 2e20 2042 d jump to it. B\n-0001db70: 6563 6175 7365 206f 6620 7468 6520 7369 ecause of the si\n-0001db80: 7a65 0a20 2020 2020 7265 7374 7269 6374 ze. restrict\n-0001db90: 696f 6e2c 20e2 8098 626f 6f74 2e69 6d67 ion, ...boot.img\n-0001dba0: e280 9920 6361 6e6e 6f74 2075 6e64 6572 ... cannot under\n-0001dbb0: 7374 616e 6420 616e 7920 6669 6c65 2073 stand any file s\n-0001dbc0: 7973 7465 6d0a 2020 2020 2073 7472 7563 ystem. struc\n-0001dbd0: 7475 7265 2c20 736f 20e2 8098 6772 7562 ture, so ...grub\n-0001dbe0: 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c e280 9920 6861 7264 -install... hard\n-0001dbf0: 636f 6465 7320 7468 6520 6c6f 6361 7469 codes the locati\n-0001dc00: 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 6669 7273 740a on of the first.\n-0001dc10: 2020 2020 2073 6563 746f 7220 6f66 2074 sector of t\n-0001dc20: 6865 2063 6f72 6520 696d 6167 6520 696e he core image in\n-0001dc30: 746f 20e2 8098 626f 6f74 2e69 6d67 e280 to ...boot.img..\n-0001dc40: 9920 7768 656e 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e . when installin\n-0001dc50: 6720 4752 5542 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6469 736b g GRUB......disk\n-0001dc60: 626f 6f74 2e69 6d67 e280 990a 2020 2020 boot.img.... \n-0001dc70: 2054 6869 7320 696d 6167 6520 6973 2075 This image is u\n-0001dc80: 7365 6420 6173 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 sed as the first\n-0001dc90: 2073 6563 746f 7220 6f66 2074 6865 2063 sector of the c\n-0001dca0: 6f72 6520 696d 6167 6520 7768 656e 0a20 ore image when. \n-0001dcb0: 2020 2020 626f 6f74 696e 6720 6672 6f6d booting from\n-0001dcc0: 2061 2068 6172 6420 6469 736b 2e20 2049 a hard disk. I\n-0001dcd0: 7420 7265 6164 7320 7468 6520 7265 7374 t reads the rest\n-0001dce0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f 7265 2069 6d61 of the core ima\n-0001dcf0: 6765 2069 6e74 6f0a 2020 2020 206d 656d ge into. mem\n-0001dd00: 6f72 7920 616e 6420 7374 6172 7473 2074 ory and starts t\n-0001dd10: 6865 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e 2020 5369 6e63 he kernel. Sinc\n-0001dd20: 6520 6669 6c65 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6861 e file system ha\n-0001dd30: 6e64 6c69 6e67 2069 7320 6e6f 740a 2020 ndling is not. \n-0001dd40: 2020 2079 6574 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 yet available\n-0001dd50: 2c20 6974 2065 6e63 6f64 6573 2074 6865 , it encodes the\n-0001dd60: 206c 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 location of the\n-0001dd70: 2063 6f72 6520 696d 6167 6520 7573 696e core image usin\n-0001dd80: 6720 610a 2020 2020 2062 6c6f 636b 206c g a. block l\n-0001dd90: 6973 7420 666f 726d 6174 2e0a 0ae2 8098 ist format......\n-0001dda0: 6364 626f 6f74 2e69 6d67 e280 990a 2020 cdboot.img.... \n-0001ddb0: 2020 2054 6869 7320 696d 6167 6520 6973 This image is\n-0001ddc0: 2075 7365 6420 6173 2074 6865 2066 6972 used as the fir\n-0001ddd0: 7374 2073 6563 746f 7220 6f66 2074 6865 st sector of the\n-0001dde0: 2063 6f72 6520 696d 6167 6520 7768 656e core image when\n-0001ddf0: 0a20 2020 2020 626f 6f74 696e 6720 6672 . booting fr\n-0001de00: 6f6d 2061 2043 442d 524f 4d20 6472 6976 om a CD-ROM driv\n-0001de10: 652e 2020 4974 2070 6572 666f 726d 7320 e. It performs \n-0001de20: 6120 7369 6d69 6c61 7220 6675 6e63 7469 a similar functi\n-0001de30: 6f6e 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6469 on to. ...di\n-0001de40: 736b 626f 6f74 2e69 6d67 e280 992e 0a0a skboot.img......\n-0001de50: e280 9870 7865 626f 6f74 2e69 6d67 e280 ...pxeboot.img..\n-0001de60: 990a 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 696d 6167 .. This imag\n-0001de70: 6520 6973 2075 7365 6420 6173 2074 6865 e is used as the\n-0001de80: 2073 7461 7274 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f start of the co\n-0001de90: 7265 2069 6d61 6765 2077 6865 6e20 626f re image when bo\n-0001dea0: 6f74 696e 6720 6672 6f6d 0a20 2020 2020 oting from. \n-0001deb0: 7468 6520 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 7573 696e the network usin\n-0001dec0: 6720 5058 452e 202a 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 g PXE. *Note Net\n-0001ded0: 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6c6e 7862 work::......lnxb\n-0001dee0: 6f6f 742e 696d 67e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 oot.img.... \n-0001def0: 5468 6973 2069 6d61 6765 206d 6179 2062 This image may b\n-0001df00: 6520 706c 6163 6564 2061 7420 7468 6520 e placed at the \n-0001df10: 7374 6172 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f72 start of the cor\n-0001df20: 6520 696d 6167 6520 696e 206f 7264 6572 e image in order\n-0001df30: 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 206d 616b 6520 4752 to. make GR\n-0001df40: 5542 206c 6f6f 6b20 656e 6f75 6768 206c UB look enough l\n-0001df50: 696b 6520 6120 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 726e ike a Linux kern\n-0001df60: 656c 2074 6861 7420 6974 2063 616e 2062 el that it can b\n-0001df70: 6520 626f 6f74 6564 2062 790a 2020 2020 e booted by. \n-0001df80: 204c 494c 4f20 7573 696e 6720 616e 20e2 LILO using an .\n-0001df90: 8098 696d 6167 653d e280 9920 7365 6374 ..image=... sect\n-0001dfa0: 696f 6e2e 0a0a e280 986b 6572 6e65 6c2e ion......kernel.\n-0001dfb0: 696d 67e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 img.... This\n-0001dfc0: 2069 6d61 6765 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 image contains \n-0001dfd0: 4752 5542 2773 2062 6173 6963 2072 756e GRUB's basic run\n-0001dfe0: 2d74 696d 6520 6661 6369 6c69 7469 6573 -time facilities\n-0001dff0: 3a20 6672 616d 6577 6f72 6b73 0a20 2020 : frameworks. \n-0001e000: 2020 666f 7220 6465 7669 6365 2061 6e64 for device and\n-0001e010: 2066 696c 6520 6861 6e64 6c69 6e67 2c20 file handling, \n-0001e020: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n-0001e030: 6162 6c65 732c 2074 6865 2072 6573 6375 ables, the rescu\n-0001e040: 650a 2020 2020 206d 6f64 6520 636f 6d6d e. mode comm\n-0001e050: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2070 6172 7365 722c and-line parser,\n-0001e060: 2061 6e64 2073 6f20 6f6e 2e20 2049 7420 and so on. It \n-0001e070: 6973 2072 6172 656c 7920 7573 6564 2064 is rarely used d\n-0001e080: 6972 6563 746c 792c 0a20 2020 2020 6275 irectly,. bu\n-0001e090: 7420 6973 2062 7569 6c74 2069 6e74 6f20 t is built into \n-0001e0a0: 616c 6c20 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 732e all core images.\n-0001e0b0: 0a0a e280 9863 6f72 652e 696d 67e2 8099 .....core.img...\n-0001e0c0: 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 7468 . This is th\n-0001e0d0: 6520 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 206f 6620 e core image of \n-0001e0e0: 4752 5542 2e20 4974 2069 7320 6275 696c GRUB. It is buil\n-0001e0f0: 7420 6479 6e61 6d69 6361 6c6c 7920 6672 t dynamically fr\n-0001e100: 6f6d 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 726e om the. kern\n-0001e110: 656c 2069 6d61 6765 2061 6e64 2061 6e20 el image and an \n-0001e120: 6172 6269 7472 6172 7920 6c69 7374 206f arbitrary list o\n-0001e130: 6620 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 6279 2074 6865 f modules by the\n-0001e140: 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b69 6d61 6765 ...grub-mkimage\n-0001e150: e280 990a 2020 2020 2070 726f 6772 616d .... program\n-0001e160: 2e20 2055 7375 616c 6c79 2c20 6974 2063 . Usually, it c\n-0001e170: 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 656e 6f75 6768 206d ontains enough m\n-0001e180: 6f64 756c 6573 2074 6f20 6163 6365 7373 odules to access\n-0001e190: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 982f 626f 6f74 2f67 . .../boot/g\n-0001e1a0: 7275 62e2 8099 2c20 616e 6420 6c6f 6164 rub..., and load\n-0001e1b0: 7320 6576 6572 7974 6869 6e67 2065 6c73 s everything els\n-0001e1c0: 6520 2869 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 206d 656e e (including men\n-0001e1d0: 7520 6861 6e64 6c69 6e67 2c0a 2020 2020 u handling,. \n-0001e1e0: 2074 6865 2061 6269 6c69 7479 2074 6f20 the ability to \n-0001e1f0: 6c6f 6164 2074 6172 6765 7420 6f70 6572 load target oper\n-0001e200: 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 732c 2061 ating systems, a\n-0001e210: 6e64 2073 6f20 6f6e 2920 6672 6f6d 2074 nd so on) from t\n-0001e220: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6669 6c65 2073 7973 he. file sys\n-0001e230: 7465 6d20 6174 2072 756e 2d74 696d 652e tem at run-time.\n-0001e240: 2020 5468 6520 6d6f 6475 6c61 7220 6465 The modular de\n-0001e250: 7369 676e 2061 6c6c 6f77 7320 7468 6520 sign allows the \n-0001e260: 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 0a20 2020 2020 core image. \n-0001e270: 746f 2062 6520 6b65 7074 2073 6d61 6c6c to be kept small\n-0001e280: 2c20 7369 6e63 6520 7468 6520 6172 6561 , since the area\n-0001e290: 7320 6f66 2064 6973 6b20 7768 6572 6520 s of disk where \n-0001e2a0: 6974 206d 7573 7420 6265 0a20 2020 2020 it must be. \n-0001e2b0: 696e 7374 616c 6c65 6420 6172 6520 6f66 installed are of\n-0001e2c0: 7465 6e20 6173 2073 6d61 6c6c 2061 7320 ten as small as \n-0001e2d0: 3332 4b42 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2a4e 6f74 32KB... *Not\n-0001e2e0: 6520 4249 4f53 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 e BIOS installat\n-0001e2f0: 696f 6e3a 3a2c 2066 6f72 2064 6574 6169 ion::, for detai\n-0001e300: 6c73 206f 6e20 7768 6572 6520 7468 6520 ls on where the \n-0001e310: 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 2063 616e 0a20 core image can. \n-0001e320: 2020 2020 6265 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 be installed\n-0001e330: 206f 6e20 5043 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2e0a on PC systems..\n-0001e340: 0ae2 8098 2a2e 6d6f 64e2 8099 0a20 2020 ....*.mod.... \n-0001e350: 2020 4576 6572 7974 6869 6e67 2065 6c73 Everything els\n-0001e360: 6520 696e 2047 5255 4220 7265 7369 6465 e in GRUB reside\n-0001e370: 7320 696e 2064 796e 616d 6963 616c 6c79 s in dynamically\n-0001e380: 206c 6f61 6461 626c 6520 6d6f 6475 6c65 loadable module\n-0001e390: 732e 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6573 6520 6172 s.. These ar\n-0001e3a0: 6520 6f66 7465 6e20 6c6f 6164 6564 2061 e often loaded a\n-0001e3b0: 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 6c79 2c20 6f72 utomatically, or\n-0001e3c0: 2062 7569 6c74 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 built into the \n-0001e3d0: 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 0a20 2020 2020 core image. \n-0001e3e0: 6966 2074 6865 7920 6172 6520 6573 7365 if they are esse\n-0001e3f0: 6e74 6961 6c2c 2062 7574 206d 6179 2061 ntial, but may a\n-0001e400: 6c73 6f20 6265 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6d61 lso be loaded ma\n-0001e410: 6e75 616c 6c79 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 nually using the\n-0001e420: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9869 6e73 6d6f 64e2 . ...insmod.\n-0001e430: 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 .. command (*not\n-0001e440: 6520 696e 736d 6f64 3a3a 292e 0a0a 466f e insmod::)...Fo\n-0001e450: 7220 4752 5542 204c 6567 6163 7920 7573 r GRUB Legacy us\n-0001e460: 6572 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ers.============\n-0001e470: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a47 5255 4220 =========..GRUB \n-0001e480: 3220 6861 7320 6120 6469 6666 6572 656e 2 has a differen\n-0001e490: 7420 6465 7369 676e 2066 726f 6d20 4752 t design from GR\n-0001e4a0: 5542 204c 6567 6163 792c 2061 6e64 2073 UB Legacy, and s\n-0001e4b0: 6f20 636f 7272 6573 706f 6e64 656e 6365 o correspondence\n-0001e4c0: 730a 7769 7468 2074 6865 2069 6d61 6765 s.with the image\n-0001e4d0: 7320 6974 2075 7365 6420 6361 6e6e 6f74 s it used cannot\n-0001e4e0: 2062 6520 6578 6163 742e 2020 4e65 7665 be exact. Neve\n-0001e4f0: 7274 6865 6c65 7373 2c20 4752 5542 204c rtheless, GRUB L\n-0001e500: 6567 6163 790a 7573 6572 7320 6f66 7465 egacy.users ofte\n-0001e510: 6e20 6173 6b20 7175 6573 7469 6f6e 7320 n ask questions \n-0001e520: 696e 2074 6865 2074 6572 6d73 2074 6865 in the terms the\n-0001e530: 7920 6172 6520 6661 6d69 6c69 6172 2077 y are familiar w\n-0001e540: 6974 682c 2061 6e64 2073 6f0a 6865 7265 ith, and so.here\n-0001e550: 2069 7320 6120 6272 6965 6620 6775 6964 is a brief guid\n-0001e560: 6520 746f 2068 6f77 2047 5255 4220 3227 e to how GRUB 2'\n-0001e570: 7320 696d 6167 6573 2072 656c 6174 6520 s images relate \n-0001e580: 746f 2074 6861 742e 0a0a e280 9873 7461 to that......sta\n-0001e590: 6765 31e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5374 6167 ge1.... Stag\n-0001e5a0: 6520 3120 6672 6f6d 2047 5255 4220 4c65 e 1 from GRUB Le\n-0001e5b0: 6761 6379 2077 6173 2076 6572 7920 7369 gacy was very si\n-0001e5c0: 6d69 6c61 7220 746f 20e2 8098 626f 6f74 milar to ...boot\n-0001e5d0: 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 696e 2047 5255 4220 .img... in GRUB \n-0001e5e0: 322c 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 7468 6579 2,. and they\n-0001e5f0: 2073 6572 7665 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 serve the same \n-0001e600: 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2a5f function......*_\n-0001e610: 7374 6167 6531 5f35 e280 990a 2020 2020 stage1_5.... \n-0001e620: 2049 6e20 4752 5542 204c 6567 6163 792c In GRUB Legacy,\n-0001e630: 2053 7461 6765 2031 2e35 2773 2066 756e Stage 1.5's fun\n-0001e640: 6374 696f 6e20 7761 7320 746f 2069 6e63 ction was to inc\n-0001e650: 6c75 6465 2065 6e6f 7567 680a 2020 2020 lude enough. \n-0001e660: 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 636f 6465 filesystem code\n-0001e670: 2074 6f20 616c 6c6f 7720 7468 6520 6d75 to allow the mu\n-0001e680: 6368 206c 6172 6765 7220 5374 6167 6520 ch larger Stage \n-0001e690: 3220 746f 2062 6520 7265 6164 2066 726f 2 to be read fro\n-0001e6a0: 6d20 616e 0a20 2020 2020 6f72 6469 6e61 m an. ordina\n-0001e6b0: 7279 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d2e 2020 ry filesystem. \n-0001e6c0: 496e 2074 6869 7320 7265 7370 6563 742c In this respect,\n-0001e6d0: 2069 7473 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e20 7761 its function wa\n-0001e6e0: 7320 7369 6d69 6c61 7220 746f 0a20 2020 s similar to. \n-0001e6f0: 2020 e280 9863 6f72 652e 696d 67e2 8099 ...core.img...\n-0001e700: 2069 6e20 4752 5542 2032 2e20 2048 6f77 in GRUB 2. 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Instead\n-0001e990: 2c20 6974 206c 6f61 6473 206d 6f64 756c , it loads modul\n-0001e9a0: 6573 2066 726f 6d0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 es from. ...\n-0001e9b0: 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 e280 9920 6174 /boot/grub... at\n-0001e9c0: 2072 756e 2d74 696d 652e 0a0a e280 9873 run-time......s\n-0001e9d0: 7461 6765 325f 656c 746f 7269 746f e280 tage2_eltorito..\n-0001e9e0: 990a 2020 2020 2049 6e20 4752 5542 2032 .. In GRUB 2\n-0001e9f0: 2c20 696d 6167 6573 2066 6f72 2062 6f6f , images for boo\n-0001ea00: 7469 6e67 2066 726f 6d20 4344 2d52 4f4d ting from CD-ROM\n-0001ea10: 2064 7269 7665 7320 6172 6520 6e6f 770a drives are now.\n-0001ea20: 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 7374 7275 6374 6564 constructed\n-0001ea30: 2075 7369 6e67 20e2 8098 6364 626f 6f74 using ...cdboot\n-0001ea40: 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 9863 .img... and ...c\n-0001ea50: 6f72 652e 696d 67e2 8099 2c20 6d61 6b69 ore.img..., maki\n-0001ea60: 6e67 2073 7572 6520 7468 6174 2074 6865 ng sure that the\n-0001ea70: 0a20 2020 2020 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 . core image\n-0001ea80: 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 7468 6520 e280 contains the ..\n-0001ea90: 9869 736f 3936 3630 e280 9920 6d6f 6475 .iso9660... modu\n-0001eaa0: 6c65 2e20 2049 7420 6973 2075 7375 616c le. It is usual\n-0001eab0: 6c79 2062 6573 7420 746f 0a20 2020 2020 ly best to. \n-0001eac0: 7573 6520 7468 6520 e280 9867 7275 622d use the ...grub-\n-0001ead0: 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 e280 9920 7072 6f67 mkrescue... prog\n-0001eae0: 7261 6d20 666f 7220 7468 6973 2e0a 0ae2 ram for this....\n-0001eaf0: 8098 6e62 6772 7562 e280 990a 2020 2020 ..nbgrub.... \n-0001eb00: 2054 6865 7265 2069 7320 6173 2079 6574 There is as yet\n-0001eb10: 206e 6f20 6571 7569 7661 6c65 6e74 2066 no equivalent f\n-0001eb20: 6f72 20e2 8098 6e62 6772 7562 e280 9920 or ...nbgrub... \n-0001eb30: 696e 2047 5255 4220 323b 2069 7420 7761 in GRUB 2; it wa\n-0001eb40: 7320 7573 6564 0a20 2020 2020 6279 2045 s used. by E\n-0001eb50: 7468 6572 626f 6f74 2061 6e64 2073 6f6d therboot and som\n-0001eb60: 6520 6f74 6865 7220 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 e other network \n-0001eb70: 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 7273 2e0a 0ae2 boot loaders....\n-0001eb80: 8098 7078 6567 7275 62e2 8099 0a20 2020 ..pxegrub.... \n-0001eb90: 2020 496e 2047 5255 4220 322c 2069 6d61 In GRUB 2, ima\n-0001eba0: 6765 7320 666f 7220 5058 4520 6e65 7477 ges for PXE netw\n-0001ebb0: 6f72 6b20 626f 6f74 696e 6720 6172 6520 ork booting are \n-0001ebc0: 6e6f 7720 636f 6e73 7472 7563 7465 6420 now constructed \n-0001ebd0: 7573 696e 670a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 7078 using. ...px\n-0001ebe0: 6562 6f6f 742e 696d 67e2 8099 2061 6e64 eboot.img... and\n-0001ebf0: 20e2 8098 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 e280 992c ...core.img...,\n-0001ec00: 206d 616b 696e 6720 7375 7265 2074 6861 making sure tha\n-0001ec10: 7420 7468 6520 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 t the core image\n-0001ec20: 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 2074 . contains t\n-0001ec30: 6865 20e2 8098 7078 65e2 8099 2061 6e64 he ...pxe... and\n-0001ec40: 20e2 8098 7078 6563 6d64 e280 9920 6d6f ...pxecmd... mo\n-0001ec50: 6475 6c65 732e 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 dules. *Note Ne\n-0001ec60: 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 twork::.....File\n-0001ec70: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-0001ec80: 6465 3a20 436f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 2073 de: Core image s\n-0001ec90: 697a 6520 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e 2c20 ize limitation, \n-0001eca0: 204e 6578 743a 2046 696c 6573 7973 7465 Next: Filesyste\n-0001ecb0: 6d2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 496d 6167 6573 m, Prev: Images\n-0001ecc0: 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 3132 2043 , Up: Top..12 C\n-0001ecd0: 6f72 6520 696d 6167 6520 7369 7a65 206c ore image size l\n-0001ece0: 696d 6974 6174 696f 6e0a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a imitation.******\n-0001ecf0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-0001ed00: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a48 6561 7669 6c79 *******..Heavily\n-0001ed10: 206c 696d 6974 6564 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 limited platfor\n-0001ed20: 6d73 3a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2069 3338 362d ms:. ... i386-\n-0001ed30: 7063 2028 6e6f 726d 616c 2061 6e64 2050 pc (normal and P\n-0001ed40: 5845 293a 2074 6865 2063 6f72 6520 696d XE): the core im\n-0001ed50: 6167 6520 7369 7a65 2028 636f 6d70 7265 age size (compre\n-0001ed60: 7373 6564 2920 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6c69 ssed) is. li\n-0001ed70: 6d69 7465 6420 6279 2034 3538 3234 3020 mited by 458240 \n-0001ed80: 6279 7465 732e 2020 6b65 726e 656c 2e69 bytes. kernel.i\n-0001ed90: 6d67 2028 2e74 6578 7420 2b20 2e64 6174 mg (.text + .dat\n-0001eda0: 6120 2b20 2e62 7373 2c0a 2020 2020 2075 a + .bss,. u\n-0001edb0: 6e63 6f6d 7072 6573 7365 6429 2069 7320 ncompressed) is \n-0001edc0: 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 6279 2033 3932 3730 limited by 39270\n-0001edd0: 3420 6279 7465 732e 2020 6d6f 6475 6c65 4 bytes. module\n-0001ede0: 2073 697a 650a 2020 2020 2028 756e 636f size. 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Al\n-0001f0c0: 6c20 4546 4920 706c 6174 666f 726d 733a l EFI platforms:\n-0001f0d0: 206c 696d 6974 6564 2062 7920 636f 6e74 limited by cont\n-0001f0e0: 6967 756f 7573 2052 414d 2073 697a 6520 iguous RAM size \n-0001f0f0: 616e 6420 706f 7373 6962 6c79 0a20 2020 and possibly. \n-0001f100: 2020 6669 726d 7761 7265 2062 7567 730a firmware bugs.\n-0001f110: 2020 20e2 80a2 2043 6f72 6562 6f6f 7420 ... Coreboot \n-0001f120: 616e 6420 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 742e 2020 and multiboot. \n-0001f130: 6b65 726e 656c 2e69 6d67 2028 2e74 6578 kernel.img (.tex\n-0001f140: 7420 2b20 2e64 6174 6120 2b20 2e62 7373 t + .data + .bss\n-0001f150: 2920 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6c69 6d69 7465 ) is. limite\n-0001f160: 6420 6279 2033 3932 3730 3420 6279 7465 d by 392704 byte\n-0001f170: 732e 2020 6d6f 6475 6c65 2073 697a 6520 s. module size \n-0001f180: 6973 206c 696d 6974 6564 2062 7920 7468 is limited by th\n-0001f190: 6520 7369 7a65 206f 660a 2020 2020 2063 e size of. c\n-0001f1a0: 6f6e 7469 6775 6f75 7320 6368 756e 6b20 ontiguous chunk \n-0001f1b0: 6174 2031 4d20 6164 6472 6573 732e 0a20 at 1M address.. \n-0001f1c0: 2020 e280 a220 6d69 7073 656c 2d6c 6f6f ... mipsel-loo\n-0001f1d0: 6e67 736f 6e20 2845 4c46 292c 206d 6970 ngson (ELF), mip\n-0001f1e0: 7328 656c 292d 7165 6d75 5f6d 6970 7320 s(el)-qemu_mips \n-0001f1f0: 2845 4c46 293a 2069 6620 756e 636f 6d70 (ELF): if uncomp\n-0001f200: 7265 7373 6564 3a0a 2020 2020 206b 6572 ressed:. ker\n-0001f210: 6e65 6c2e 696d 6720 282e 7465 7874 202b nel.img (.text +\n-0001f220: 202e 6461 7461 2920 2b20 6d6f 6475 6c65 .data) + module\n-0001f230: 7320 6973 206c 696d 6974 6564 2062 7920 s is limited by \n-0001f240: 7468 6520 7370 6163 6520 6672 6f6d 0a20 the space from. \n-0001f250: 2020 2020 3830 3230 3030 3030 2066 6f72 80200000 for\n-0001f260: 7761 7264 2069 6620 636f 6d70 7265 7373 ward if compress\n-0001f270: 6564 3a20 6b65 726e 656c 2e69 6d67 2028 ed: kernel.img (\n-0001f280: 2e74 6578 7420 2b20 2e64 6174 612c 0a20 .text + .data,. \n-0001f290: 2020 2020 756e 636f 6d70 7265 7373 6564 uncompressed\n-0001f2a0: 2920 2b20 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 2875 6e63 ) + modules (unc\n-0001f2b0: 6f6d 7072 6573 7365 6429 202b 2028 6d6f ompressed) + (mo\n-0001f2c0: 6475 6c65 7320 2b20 6b65 726e 656c 2e69 dules + kernel.i\n-0001f2d0: 6d67 0a20 2020 2020 282e 7465 7874 202b mg. (.text +\n-0001f2e0: 202e 6461 7461 2929 2028 636f 6d70 7265 .data)) (compre\n-0001f2f0: 7373 6564 2920 2b20 6465 636f 6d70 7265 ssed) + decompre\n-0001f300: 7373 6f72 2069 7320 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 ssor is limited \n-0001f310: 6279 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 7370 6163 by the. spac\n-0001f320: 6520 6672 6f6d 2038 3032 3030 3030 3020 e from 80200000 \n-0001f330: 666f 7277 6172 640a 2020 20e2 80a2 206d forward. ... m\n-0001f340: 6970 7365 6c2d 6c6f 6f6e 6773 6f6e 2028 ipsel-loongson (\n-0001f350: 466c 6173 6829 2c20 6d69 7073 2865 6c29 Flash), mips(el)\n-0001f360: 2d71 656d 755f 6d69 7073 2028 466c 6173 -qemu_mips (Flas\n-0001f370: 6829 3a20 6b65 726e 656c 2e69 6d67 0a20 h): kernel.img. \n-0001f380: 2020 2020 282e 7465 7874 202b 202e 6461 (.text + .da\n-0001f390: 7461 2920 2b20 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 6973 ta) + modules is\n-0001f3a0: 206c 696d 6974 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 limited by the \n-0001f3b0: 7370 6163 6520 6672 6f6d 2038 3032 3030 space from 80200\n-0001f3c0: 3030 300a 2020 2020 2066 6f72 7761 7264 000. forward\n-0001f3d0: 2063 6f72 652e 696d 6720 2866 696e 616c core.img (final\n-0001f3e0: 2920 6973 206c 696d 6974 6564 2062 7920 ) is limited by \n-0001f3f0: 666c 6173 6820 7369 7a65 2028 3531 324b flash size (512K\n-0001f400: 206f 6e20 7965 656c 6f6f 6e67 0a20 2020 on yeeloong. \n-0001f410: 2020 616e 6420 6675 6c6f 6f6f 6e67 290a and fulooong).\n-0001f420: 2020 20e2 80a2 206d 6970 732d 6172 633a ... mips-arc:\n-0001f430: 2069 6620 756e 636f 6d70 7265 7373 6564 if uncompressed\n-0001f440: 3a20 6b65 726e 656c 2e69 6d67 2028 2e74 : kernel.img (.t\n-0001f450: 6578 7420 2b20 2e64 6174 6129 2069 7320 ext + .data) is \n-0001f460: 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 6279 0a20 2020 2020 limited by. \n-0001f470: 7468 6520 7370 6163 6520 6672 6f6d 2038 the space from 8\n-0001f480: 6264 3030 3030 3020 666f 7277 6172 6420 bd00000 forward \n-0001f490: 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 2b20 6475 6d6d 7920 modules + dummy \n-0001f4a0: 6465 636f 6d70 7265 7373 6f72 2069 730a decompressor is.\n-0001f4b0: 2020 2020 206c 696d 6974 6564 2062 7920 limited by \n-0001f4c0: 7468 6520 7370 6163 6520 6672 6f6d 2038 the space from 8\n-0001f4d0: 6264 3030 3030 3020 6261 636b 7761 7264 bd00000 backward\n-0001f4e0: 2069 6620 636f 6d70 7265 7373 6564 3a0a if compressed:.\n-0001f4f0: 2020 2020 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e 696d 6720 kernel.img \n-0001f500: 282e 7465 7874 202b 202e 6461 7461 2c20 (.text + .data, \n-0001f510: 756e 636f 6d70 7265 7373 6564 2920 6973 uncompressed) is\n-0001f520: 206c 696d 6974 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 limited by the \n-0001f530: 7370 6163 650a 2020 2020 2066 726f 6d20 space. from \n-0001f540: 3862 6430 3030 3030 2066 6f72 7761 7264 8bd00000 forward\n-0001f550: 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2028 756e 636f 6d70 modules (uncomp\n-0001f560: 7265 7373 6564 2920 2b20 286d 6f64 756c ressed) + (modul\n-0001f570: 6573 202b 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 726e 656c es +. kernel\n-0001f580: 2e69 6d67 2028 2e74 6578 7420 2b20 2e64 .img (.text + .d\n-0001f590: 6174 6129 2920 2863 6f6d 7072 6573 7365 ata)) (compresse\n-0001f5a0: 642c 2061 6c69 676e 6564 2074 6f20 314d d, aligned to 1M\n-0001f5b0: 2920 2b20 314d 0a20 2020 2020 2864 6563 ) + 1M. (dec\n-0001f5c0: 6f6d 7072 6573 736f 7220 2b20 7363 7261 ompressor + scra\n-0001f5d0: 7463 6820 7370 6163 6529 2069 7320 6c69 tch space) is li\n-0001f5e0: 6d69 7465 6420 6279 2074 6865 2073 7061 mited by the spa\n-0001f5f0: 6365 2066 726f 6d0a 2020 2020 2038 6264 ce from. 8bd\n-0001f600: 3030 3030 3020 6261 636b 7761 7264 0a20 00000 backward. \n-0001f610: 2020 e280 a220 706f 7765 7270 632d 6965 ... powerpc-ie\n-0001f620: 6565 3132 3735 3a20 6b65 726e 656c 2e69 ee1275: kernel.i\n-0001f630: 6d67 2028 2e74 6578 7420 2b20 2e64 6174 mg (.text + .dat\n-0001f640: 6120 2b20 2e62 7373 2920 2b20 6d6f 6475 a + .bss) + modu\n-0001f650: 6c65 7320 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6c69 6d69 les is. limi\n-0001f660: 7465 6420 6279 2073 7061 6365 2061 7661 ted by space ava\n-0001f670: 696c 6162 6c65 2061 7420 3078 3230 3030 ilable at 0x2000\n-0001f680: 3030 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 00....File: grub\n-0001f690: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4669 .info, Node: Fi\n-0001f6a0: 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2c20 204e 6578 743a lesystem, Next:\n-0001f6b0: 2049 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2c20 2050 7265 Interface, Pre\n-0001f6c0: 763a 2043 6f72 6520 696d 6167 6520 7369 v: Core image si\n-0001f6d0: 7a65 206c 696d 6974 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 ze limitation, \n-0001f6e0: 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a31 3320 4669 6c65 Up: Top..13 File\n-0001f6f0: 7379 7374 656d 2073 796e 7461 7820 616e system syntax an\n-0001f700: 6420 7365 6d61 6e74 6963 730a 2a2a 2a2a d semantics.****\n+0001d150: 0a0a 536f 6d65 206c 6170 746f 7020 7665 ..Some laptop ve\n+0001d160: 6e64 6f72 7320 7072 6f76 6964 6520 616e ndors provide an\n+0001d170: 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 706f 7765 additional powe\n+0001d180: 722d 6f6e 2062 7574 746f 6e20 7768 6963 r-on button whic\n+0001d190: 6820 626f 6f74 730a 616e 6f74 6865 7220 h boots.another \n+0001d1a0: 4f53 2e20 4752 5542 2073 7570 706f 7274 OS. GRUB support\n+0001d1b0: 7320 7375 6368 2062 7574 746f 6e73 2077 s such buttons w\n+0001d1c0: 6974 6820 7468 6520 e280 9847 5255 425f ith the ...GRUB_\n+0001d1d0: 5449 4d45 4f55 545f 4255 5454 4f4e e280 TIMEOUT_BUTTON..\n+0001d1e0: 992c 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 494d 454f .,....GRUB_TIMEO\n+0001d1f0: 5554 5f53 5459 4c45 5f42 5554 544f 4ee2 UT_STYLE_BUTTON.\n+0001d200: 8099 2c20 e280 9847 5255 425f 4445 4641 .., ...GRUB_DEFA\n+0001d210: 554c 545f 4255 5454 4f4e e280 992c 2061 ULT_BUTTON..., a\n+0001d220: 6e64 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f42 5554 544f nd....GRUB_BUTTO\n+0001d230: 4e5f 434d 4f53 5f41 4444 5245 5353 e280 N_CMOS_ADDRESS..\n+0001d240: 9920 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 696e 2064 . variables in d\n+0001d250: 6566 6175 6c74 2f67 7275 6220 282a 6e6f efault/grub (*no\n+0001d260: 7465 2053 696d 706c 650a 636f 6e66 6967 te Simple.config\n+0001d270: 7572 6174 696f 6e3a 3a29 2e20 20e2 8098 uration::). ...\n+0001d280: 4752 5542 5f54 494d 454f 5554 5f42 5554 GRUB_TIMEOUT_BUT\n+0001d290: 544f 4ee2 8099 2c20 e280 9847 5255 425f TON..., ...GRUB_\n+0001d2a0: 5449 4d45 4f55 545f 5354 594c 455f 4255 TIMEOUT_STYLE_BU\n+0001d2b0: 5454 4f4e e280 992c 0a61 6e64 20e2 8098 TTON...,.and ...\n+0001d2c0: 4752 5542 5f44 4546 4155 4c54 5f42 5554 GRUB_DEFAULT_BUT\n+0001d2d0: 544f 4ee2 8099 2061 7265 2075 7365 6420 TON... are used \n+0001d2e0: 696e 7374 6561 6420 6f66 2074 6865 2063 instead of the c\n+0001d2f0: 6f72 7265 7370 6f6e 6469 6e67 0a76 6172 orresponding.var\n+0001d300: 6961 626c 6573 2077 6974 686f 7574 2074 iables without t\n+0001d310: 6865 20e2 8098 5f42 5554 544f 4ee2 8099 he ..._BUTTON...\n+0001d320: 2073 7566 6669 7820 7768 656e 2070 6f77 suffix when pow\n+0001d330: 6572 6564 206f 6e20 7573 696e 6720 7468 ered on using th\n+0001d340: 6520 7370 6563 6961 6c0a 6275 7474 6f6e e special.button\n+0001d350: 2e20 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f42 5554 544f . ...GRUB_BUTTO\n+0001d360: 4e5f 434d 4f53 5f41 4444 5245 5353 e280 N_CMOS_ADDRESS..\n+0001d370: 9920 6973 2076 656e 646f 722d 7370 6563 . is vendor-spec\n+0001d380: 6966 6963 2061 6e64 2070 6172 7469 616c ific and partial\n+0001d390: 6c79 0a6d 6f64 656c 2d73 7065 6369 6669 ly.model-specifi\n+0001d3a0: 632e 2020 5661 6c75 6573 206b 6e6f 776e c. Values known\n+0001d3b0: 2074 6f20 7468 6520 4752 5542 2074 6561 to the GRUB tea\n+0001d3c0: 6d20 6172 653a 0a0a 3c44 656c 6c20 5850 m are:... 1\n+0001d3e0: 3231 3a33 0a3c 4465 6c6c 2058 5053 204d 21:3.. 85:3.\n+0001d400: 3c44 656c 6c20 4c61 7469 7475 6465 2045 . 85:3.\n+0001d420: 3c41 7375 7320 4565 6550 4320 3130 3035 . 84:1 (u\n+0001d440: 6e63 6f6e 6669 726d 6564 290a 3c4c 454e nconfirmed).. \n+0001d470: 2020 2031 3031 3a33 0a0a 2020 2054 6f20 101:3.. To \n+0001d480: 7461 6b65 2066 756c 6c20 6164 7661 6e74 take full advant\n+0001d490: 6167 6520 6f66 2074 6869 7320 6675 6e63 age of this func\n+0001d4a0: 7469 6f6e 2c20 696e 7374 616c 6c20 4752 tion, install GR\n+0001d4b0: 5542 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 4d42 520a UB into the MBR.\n+0001d4c0: 282a 6e6f 7465 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e (*note Installin\n+0001d4d0: 6720 4752 5542 2075 7369 6e67 2067 7275 g GRUB using gru\n+0001d4e0: 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c3a 3a29 2e0a 0a20 b-install::)... \n+0001d4f0: 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2068 6176 6520 6120 If you have a \n+0001d500: 6c61 7074 6f70 2077 6869 6368 2068 6173 laptop which has\n+0001d510: 2061 2073 696d 696c 6172 2066 6561 7475 a similar featu\n+0001d520: 7265 2061 6e64 206e 6f74 2069 6e20 7468 re and not in th\n+0001d530: 6520 6162 6f76 650a 6c69 7374 2063 6f75 e above.list cou\n+0001d540: 6c64 2079 6f75 2066 6967 7572 6520 796f ld you figure yo\n+0001d550: 7572 2061 6464 7265 7373 2061 6e64 2063 ur address and c\n+0001d560: 6f6e 7472 6962 7574 653f 2020 546f 2064 ontribute? To d\n+0001d570: 6973 636f 7665 7220 7468 650a 6164 6472 iscover the.addr\n+0001d580: 6573 7320 646f 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f ess do the follo\n+0001d590: 7769 6e67 3a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2062 6f6f wing:. ... boo\n+0001d5a0: 7420 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 0a20 2020 e280 t normally. ..\n+0001d5b0: a220 2020 2020 2073 7564 6f20 6d6f 6470 . sudo modp\n+0001d5c0: 726f 6265 206e 7672 616d 0a20 2020 2020 robe nvram. \n+0001d5d0: 2020 2020 2073 7564 6f20 6361 7420 2f64 sudo cat /d\n+0001d5e0: 6576 2f6e 7672 616d 207c 2078 7864 203e ev/nvram | xxd >\n+0001d5f0: 206e 6f72 6d61 6c5f 6275 7474 6f6e 2e74 normal_button.t\n+0001d600: 7874 0a20 2020 e280 a220 626f 6f74 2075 xt. ... boot u\n+0001d610: 7369 6e67 2076 656e 646f 7220 6275 7474 sing vendor butt\n+0001d620: 6f6e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 2020 2020 2073 on. ... s\n+0001d630: 7564 6f20 6d6f 6470 726f 6265 206e 7672 udo modprobe nvr\n+0001d640: 616d 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 7564 am. sud\n+0001d650: 6f20 6361 7420 2f64 6576 2f6e 7672 616d o cat /dev/nvram\n+0001d660: 207c 2078 7864 203e 206e 6f72 6d61 6c5f | xxd > normal_\n+0001d670: 7665 6e64 6f72 2e74 7874 0a0a 2020 2054 vendor.txt.. T\n+0001d680: 6865 6e20 636f 6d70 6172 6520 7468 6573 hen compare thes\n+0001d690: 6520 7465 7874 2066 696c 6573 2061 6e64 e text files and\n+0001d6a0: 2066 696e 6420 7768 6572 6520 6120 6269 find where a bi\n+0001d6b0: 7420 7761 7320 746f 6767 6c65 642e 2020 t was toggled. \n+0001d6c0: 452e 672e 0a69 6e20 6361 7365 206f 6620 E.g..in case of \n+0001d6d0: 4465 6c6c 2058 5053 2069 7420 7761 733a Dell XPS it was:\n+0001d6e0: 0a20 2020 2020 6279 7465 2030 7834 373a . byte 0x47:\n+0001d6f0: 2032 3020 2d2d 3e20 3238 0a20 2020 4974 20 --> 28. It\n+0001d700: 2773 2061 2062 6974 206e 756d 6265 7220 's a bit number \n+0001d710: 3320 6173 2073 6565 6e20 6672 6f6d 2066 3 as seen from f\n+0001d720: 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2074 6162 6c65 3a0a ollowing table:.\n+0001d730: 3020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2030 0 0\n+0001d740: 310a 3120 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 1.1 \n+0001d750: 2030 320a 3220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 02.2 \n+0001d760: 2020 2030 340a 3320 2020 2020 2020 2020 04.3 \n+0001d770: 2020 2020 2030 380a 3420 2020 2020 2020 08.4 \n+0001d780: 2020 2020 2020 2031 300a 3520 2020 2020 10.5 \n+0001d790: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2032 300a 3620 2020 20.6 \n+0001d7a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2034 300a 3720 40.7 \n+0001d7b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2038 300a 80.\n+0001d7c0: 0a20 2020 3078 3437 2069 7320 6465 6369 . 0x47 is deci\n+0001d7d0: 6d61 6c20 3731 2e20 204c 696e 7578 206e mal 71. Linux n\n+0001d7e0: 7672 616d 2069 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 6174 vram implementat\n+0001d7f0: 696f 6e20 6375 7473 2066 6972 7374 2031 ion cuts first 1\n+0001d800: 3420 6279 7465 730a 6f66 2043 4d4f 532e 4 bytes.of CMOS.\n+0001d810: 2053 6f20 7468 6520 7265 616c 2062 7974 So the real byt\n+0001d820: 6520 6164 6472 6573 7320 696e 2043 4d4f e address in CMO\n+0001d830: 5320 6973 2037 312b 3134 3d38 3520 536f S is 71+14=85 So\n+0001d840: 2063 6f6d 706c 6574 650a 6164 6472 6573 complete.addres\n+0001d850: 7320 6973 2038 353a 330a 0a1f 0a46 696c s is 85:3....Fil\n+0001d860: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+0001d870: 6f64 653a 2049 6d61 6765 732c 2020 4e65 ode: Images, Ne\n+0001d880: 7874 3a20 436f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 2073 xt: Core image s\n+0001d890: 697a 6520 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e 2c20 ize limitation, \n+0001d8a0: 2050 7265 763a 2056 656e 646f 7220 706f Prev: Vendor po\n+0001d8b0: 7765 722d 6f6e 206b 6579 732c 2020 5570 wer-on keys, Up\n+0001d8c0: 3a20 546f 700a 0a31 3120 4752 5542 2069 : Top..11 GRUB i\n+0001d8d0: 6d61 6765 2066 696c 6573 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a mage files.*****\n+0001d8e0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a **************..\n+0001d8f0: 4752 5542 2063 6f6e 7369 7374 7320 6f66 GRUB consists of\n+0001d900: 2073 6576 6572 616c 2069 6d61 6765 733a several images:\n+0001d910: 2061 2076 6172 6965 7479 206f 6620 626f a variety of bo\n+0001d920: 6f74 7374 7261 7020 696d 6167 6573 2066 otstrap images f\n+0001d930: 6f72 0a73 7461 7274 696e 6720 4752 5542 or.starting GRUB\n+0001d940: 2069 6e20 7661 7269 6f75 7320 7761 7973 in various ways\n+0001d950: 2c20 6120 6b65 726e 656c 2069 6d61 6765 , a kernel image\n+0001d960: 2c20 616e 6420 6120 7365 7420 6f66 206d , and a set of m\n+0001d970: 6f64 756c 6573 0a77 6869 6368 2061 7265 odules.which are\n+0001d980: 2063 6f6d 6269 6e65 6420 7769 7468 2074 combined with t\n+0001d990: 6865 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 696d 6167 6520 he kernel image \n+0001d9a0: 746f 2066 6f72 6d20 6120 636f 7265 2069 to form a core i\n+0001d9b0: 6d61 6765 2e20 2048 6572 6520 6973 0a61 mage. Here is.a\n+0001d9c0: 2073 686f 7274 206f 7665 7276 6965 7720 short overview \n+0001d9d0: 6f66 2074 6865 6d2e 0a0a e280 9862 6f6f of them......boo\n+0001d9e0: 742e 696d 67e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4f6e t.img.... On\n+0001d9f0: 2050 4320 4249 4f53 2073 7973 7465 6d73 PC BIOS systems\n+0001da00: 2c20 7468 6973 2069 6d61 6765 2069 7320 , this image is \n+0001da10: 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 7061 7274 206f the first part o\n+0001da20: 6620 4752 5542 2074 6f20 7374 6172 742e f GRUB to start.\n+0001da30: 0a20 2020 2020 4974 2069 7320 7772 6974 . It is writ\n+0001da40: 7465 6e20 746f 2061 206d 6173 7465 7220 ten to a master \n+0001da50: 626f 6f74 2072 6563 6f72 6420 284d 4252 boot record (MBR\n+0001da60: 2920 6f72 2074 6f20 7468 6520 626f 6f74 ) or to the boot\n+0001da70: 2073 6563 746f 720a 2020 2020 206f 6620 sector. of \n+0001da80: 6120 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e2e 2020 4265 a partition. Be\n+0001da90: 6361 7573 6520 6120 5043 2062 6f6f 7420 cause a PC boot \n+0001daa0: 7365 6374 6f72 2069 7320 3531 3220 6279 sector is 512 by\n+0001dab0: 7465 732c 2074 6865 2073 697a 6520 6f66 tes, the size of\n+0001dac0: 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6973 2069 6d61 6765 . this image\n+0001dad0: 2069 7320 6578 6163 746c 7920 3531 3220 is exactly 512 \n+0001dae0: 6279 7465 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 bytes... The\n+0001daf0: 2073 6f6c 6520 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 206f sole function o\n+0001db00: 6620 e280 9862 6f6f 742e 696d 67e2 8099 f ...boot.img...\n+0001db10: 2069 7320 746f 2072 6561 6420 7468 6520 is to read the \n+0001db20: 6669 7273 7420 7365 6374 6f72 206f 6620 first sector of \n+0001db30: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f72 6520 696d the. core im\n+0001db40: 6167 6520 6672 6f6d 2061 206c 6f63 616c age from a local\n+0001db50: 2064 6973 6b20 616e 6420 6a75 6d70 2074 disk and jump t\n+0001db60: 6f20 6974 2e20 2042 6563 6175 7365 206f o it. Because o\n+0001db70: 6620 7468 6520 7369 7a65 0a20 2020 2020 f the size. \n+0001db80: 7265 7374 7269 6374 696f 6e2c 20e2 8098 restriction, ...\n+0001db90: 626f 6f74 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 6361 6e6e boot.img... cann\n+0001dba0: 6f74 2075 6e64 6572 7374 616e 6420 616e ot understand an\n+0001dbb0: 7920 6669 6c65 2073 7973 7465 6d0a 2020 y file system. \n+0001dbc0: 2020 2073 7472 7563 7475 7265 2c20 736f structure, so\n+0001dbd0: 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c ...grub-install\n+0001dbe0: e280 9920 6861 7264 636f 6465 7320 7468 ... hardcodes th\n+0001dbf0: 6520 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 e location of th\n+0001dc00: 6520 6669 7273 740a 2020 2020 2073 6563 e first. sec\n+0001dc10: 746f 7220 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f72 6520 tor of the core \n+0001dc20: 696d 6167 6520 696e 746f 20e2 8098 626f image into ...bo\n+0001dc30: 6f74 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 7768 656e 2069 ot.img... when i\n+0001dc40: 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e 6720 4752 5542 2e0a nstalling GRUB..\n+0001dc50: 0ae2 8098 6469 736b 626f 6f74 2e69 6d67 ....diskboot.img\n+0001dc60: e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 696d .... This im\n+0001dc70: 6167 6520 6973 2075 7365 6420 6173 2074 age is used as t\n+0001dc80: 6865 2066 6972 7374 2073 6563 746f 7220 he first sector \n+0001dc90: 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f72 6520 696d 6167 of the core imag\n+0001dca0: 6520 7768 656e 0a20 2020 2020 626f 6f74 e when. boot\n+0001dcb0: 696e 6720 6672 6f6d 2061 2068 6172 6420 ing from a hard \n+0001dcc0: 6469 736b 2e20 2049 7420 7265 6164 7320 disk. It reads \n+0001dcd0: 7468 6520 7265 7374 206f 6620 7468 6520 the rest of the \n+0001dce0: 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 2069 6e74 6f0a core image into.\n+0001dcf0: 2020 2020 206d 656d 6f72 7920 616e 6420 memory and \n+0001dd00: 7374 6172 7473 2074 6865 206b 6572 6e65 starts the kerne\n+0001dd10: 6c2e 2020 5369 6e63 6520 6669 6c65 2073 l. Since file s\n+0001dd20: 7973 7465 6d20 6861 6e64 6c69 6e67 2069 ystem handling i\n+0001dd30: 7320 6e6f 740a 2020 2020 2079 6574 2061 s not. yet a\n+0001dd40: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2c20 6974 2065 6e63 vailable, it enc\n+0001dd50: 6f64 6573 2074 6865 206c 6f63 6174 696f odes the locatio\n+0001dd60: 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f72 6520 696d n of the core im\n+0001dd70: 6167 6520 7573 696e 6720 610a 2020 2020 age using a. \n+0001dd80: 2062 6c6f 636b 206c 6973 7420 666f 726d block list form\n+0001dd90: 6174 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6364 626f 6f74 2e69 at......cdboot.i\n+0001dda0: 6d67 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 mg.... This \n+0001ddb0: 696d 6167 6520 6973 2075 7365 6420 6173 image is used as\n+0001ddc0: 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 2073 6563 746f the first secto\n+0001ddd0: 7220 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f72 6520 696d r of the core im\n+0001dde0: 6167 6520 7768 656e 0a20 2020 2020 626f age when. bo\n+0001ddf0: 6f74 696e 6720 6672 6f6d 2061 2043 442d oting from a CD-\n+0001de00: 524f 4d20 6472 6976 652e 2020 4974 2070 ROM drive. It p\n+0001de10: 6572 666f 726d 7320 6120 7369 6d69 6c61 erforms a simila\n+0001de20: 7220 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 2074 6f0a 2020 r function to. \n+0001de30: 2020 20e2 8098 6469 736b 626f 6f74 2e69 ...diskboot.i\n+0001de40: 6d67 e280 992e 0a0a e280 9870 7865 626f mg.........pxebo\n+0001de50: 6f74 2e69 6d67 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 ot.img.... T\n+0001de60: 6869 7320 696d 6167 6520 6973 2075 7365 his image is use\n+0001de70: 6420 6173 2074 6865 2073 7461 7274 206f d as the start o\n+0001de80: 6620 7468 6520 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 f the core image\n+0001de90: 2077 6865 6e20 626f 6f74 696e 6720 6672 when booting fr\n+0001dea0: 6f6d 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 6e65 7477 om. the netw\n+0001deb0: 6f72 6b20 7573 696e 6720 5058 452e 202a ork using PXE. *\n+0001dec0: 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a Note Network::..\n+0001ded0: 0ae2 8098 6c6e 7862 6f6f 742e 696d 67e2 ....lnxboot.img.\n+0001dee0: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 2069 6d61 ... This ima\n+0001def0: 6765 206d 6179 2062 6520 706c 6163 6564 ge may be placed\n+0001df00: 2061 7420 7468 6520 7374 6172 7420 6f66 at the start of\n+0001df10: 2074 6865 2063 6f72 6520 696d 6167 6520 the core image \n+0001df20: 696e 206f 7264 6572 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 in order to. \n+0001df30: 206d 616b 6520 4752 5542 206c 6f6f 6b20 make GRUB look \n+0001df40: 656e 6f75 6768 206c 696b 6520 6120 4c69 enough like a Li\n+0001df50: 6e75 7820 6b65 726e 656c 2074 6861 7420 nux kernel that \n+0001df60: 6974 2063 616e 2062 6520 626f 6f74 6564 it can be booted\n+0001df70: 2062 790a 2020 2020 204c 494c 4f20 7573 by. LILO us\n+0001df80: 696e 6720 616e 20e2 8098 696d 6167 653d ing an ...image=\n+0001df90: e280 9920 7365 6374 696f 6e2e 0a0a e280 ... section.....\n+0001dfa0: 986b 6572 6e65 6c2e 696d 67e2 8099 0a20 .kernel.img.... \n+0001dfb0: 2020 2020 5468 6973 2069 6d61 6765 2063 This image c\n+0001dfc0: 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 4752 5542 2773 2062 ontains GRUB's b\n+0001dfd0: 6173 6963 2072 756e 2d74 696d 6520 6661 asic run-time fa\n+0001dfe0: 6369 6c69 7469 6573 3a20 6672 616d 6577 cilities: framew\n+0001dff0: 6f72 6b73 0a20 2020 2020 666f 7220 6465 orks. for de\n+0001e000: 7669 6365 2061 6e64 2066 696c 6520 6861 vice and file ha\n+0001e010: 6e64 6c69 6e67 2c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d ndling, environm\n+0001e020: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 732c 2074 ent variables, t\n+0001e030: 6865 2072 6573 6375 650a 2020 2020 206d he rescue. m\n+0001e040: 6f64 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 ode command-line\n+0001e050: 2070 6172 7365 722c 2061 6e64 2073 6f20 parser, and so \n+0001e060: 6f6e 2e20 2049 7420 6973 2072 6172 656c on. It is rarel\n+0001e070: 7920 7573 6564 2064 6972 6563 746c 792c y used directly,\n+0001e080: 0a20 2020 2020 6275 7420 6973 2062 7569 . but is bui\n+0001e090: 6c74 2069 6e74 6f20 616c 6c20 636f 7265 lt into all core\n+0001e0a0: 2069 6d61 6765 732e 0a0a e280 9863 6f72 images......cor\n+0001e0b0: 652e 696d 67e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5468 e.img.... Th\n+0001e0c0: 6973 2069 7320 7468 6520 636f 7265 2069 is is the core i\n+0001e0d0: 6d61 6765 206f 6620 4752 5542 2e20 4974 mage of GRUB. It\n+0001e0e0: 2069 7320 6275 696c 7420 6479 6e61 6d69 is built dynami\n+0001e0f0: 6361 6c6c 7920 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 0a20 cally from the. \n+0001e100: 2020 2020 6b65 726e 656c 2069 6d61 6765 kernel image\n+0001e110: 2061 6e64 2061 6e20 6172 6269 7472 6172 and an arbitrar\n+0001e120: 7920 6c69 7374 206f 6620 6d6f 6475 6c65 y list of module\n+0001e130: 7320 6279 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6772 7562 s by the ...grub\n+0001e140: 2d6d 6b69 6d61 6765 e280 990a 2020 2020 -mkimage.... \n+0001e150: 2070 726f 6772 616d 2e20 2055 7375 616c program. Usual\n+0001e160: 6c79 2c20 6974 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 ly, it contains \n+0001e170: 656e 6f75 6768 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2074 enough modules t\n+0001e180: 6f20 6163 6365 7373 0a20 2020 2020 e280 o access. ..\n+0001e190: 982f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 62e2 8099 2c20 ./boot/grub..., \n+0001e1a0: 616e 6420 6c6f 6164 7320 6576 6572 7974 and loads everyt\n+0001e1b0: 6869 6e67 2065 6c73 6520 2869 6e63 6c75 hing else (inclu\n+0001e1c0: 6469 6e67 206d 656e 7520 6861 6e64 6c69 ding menu handli\n+0001e1d0: 6e67 2c0a 2020 2020 2074 6865 2061 6269 ng,. the abi\n+0001e1e0: 6c69 7479 2074 6f20 6c6f 6164 2074 6172 lity to load tar\n+0001e1f0: 6765 7420 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 get operating sy\n+0001e200: 7374 656d 732c 2061 6e64 2073 6f20 6f6e stems, and so on\n+0001e210: 2920 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 ) from the. \n+0001e220: 6669 6c65 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6174 2072 file system at r\n+0001e230: 756e 2d74 696d 652e 2020 5468 6520 6d6f un-time. The mo\n+0001e240: 6475 6c61 7220 6465 7369 676e 2061 6c6c dular design all\n+0001e250: 6f77 7320 7468 6520 636f 7265 2069 6d61 ows the core ima\n+0001e260: 6765 0a20 2020 2020 746f 2062 6520 6b65 ge. to be ke\n+0001e270: 7074 2073 6d61 6c6c 2c20 7369 6e63 6520 pt small, since \n+0001e280: 7468 6520 6172 6561 7320 6f66 2064 6973 the areas of dis\n+0001e290: 6b20 7768 6572 6520 6974 206d 7573 7420 k where it must \n+0001e2a0: 6265 0a20 2020 2020 696e 7374 616c 6c65 be. installe\n+0001e2b0: 6420 6172 6520 6f66 7465 6e20 6173 2073 d are often as s\n+0001e2c0: 6d61 6c6c 2061 7320 3332 4b42 2e0a 0a20 mall as 32KB... \n+0001e2d0: 2020 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 4249 4f53 2069 *Note BIOS i\n+0001e2e0: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e3a 3a2c 2066 nstallation::, f\n+0001e2f0: 6f72 2064 6574 6169 6c73 206f 6e20 7768 or details on wh\n+0001e300: 6572 6520 7468 6520 636f 7265 2069 6d61 ere the core ima\n+0001e310: 6765 2063 616e 0a20 2020 2020 6265 2069 ge can. be i\n+0001e320: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 206f 6e20 5043 2073 nstalled on PC s\n+0001e330: 7973 7465 6d73 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2a2e 6d6f ystems......*.mo\n+0001e340: 64e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4576 6572 7974 d.... Everyt\n+0001e350: 6869 6e67 2065 6c73 6520 696e 2047 5255 hing else in GRU\n+0001e360: 4220 7265 7369 6465 7320 696e 2064 796e B resides in dyn\n+0001e370: 616d 6963 616c 6c79 206c 6f61 6461 626c amically loadabl\n+0001e380: 6520 6d6f 6475 6c65 732e 0a20 2020 2020 e modules.. \n+0001e390: 5468 6573 6520 6172 6520 6f66 7465 6e20 These are often \n+0001e3a0: 6c6f 6164 6564 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 loaded automatic\n+0001e3b0: 616c 6c79 2c20 6f72 2062 7569 6c74 2069 ally, or built i\n+0001e3c0: 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 636f 7265 2069 6d61 nto the core ima\n+0001e3d0: 6765 0a20 2020 2020 6966 2074 6865 7920 ge. if they \n+0001e3e0: 6172 6520 6573 7365 6e74 6961 6c2c 2062 are essential, b\n+0001e3f0: 7574 206d 6179 2061 6c73 6f20 6265 206c ut may also be l\n+0001e400: 6f61 6465 6420 6d61 6e75 616c 6c79 2075 oaded manually u\n+0001e410: 7369 6e67 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 e280 sing the. ..\n+0001e420: 9869 6e73 6d6f 64e2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 .insmod... comma\n+0001e430: 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 696e 736d 6f64 nd (*note insmod\n+0001e440: 3a3a 292e 0a0a 466f 7220 4752 5542 204c ::)...For GRUB L\n+0001e450: 6567 6163 7920 7573 6572 730a 3d3d 3d3d egacy users.====\n+0001e460: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0001e470: 3d0a 0a47 5255 4220 3220 6861 7320 6120 =..GRUB 2 has a \n+0001e480: 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 6465 7369 676e different design\n+0001e490: 2066 726f 6d20 4752 5542 204c 6567 6163 from GRUB Legac\n+0001e4a0: 792c 2061 6e64 2073 6f20 636f 7272 6573 y, and so corres\n+0001e4b0: 706f 6e64 656e 6365 730a 7769 7468 2074 pondences.with t\n+0001e4c0: 6865 2069 6d61 6765 7320 6974 2075 7365 he images it use\n+0001e4d0: 6420 6361 6e6e 6f74 2062 6520 6578 6163 d cannot be exac\n+0001e4e0: 742e 2020 4e65 7665 7274 6865 6c65 7373 t. Nevertheless\n+0001e4f0: 2c20 4752 5542 204c 6567 6163 790a 7573 , GRUB Legacy.us\n+0001e500: 6572 7320 6f66 7465 6e20 6173 6b20 7175 ers often ask qu\n+0001e510: 6573 7469 6f6e 7320 696e 2074 6865 2074 estions in the t\n+0001e520: 6572 6d73 2074 6865 7920 6172 6520 6661 erms they are fa\n+0001e530: 6d69 6c69 6172 2077 6974 682c 2061 6e64 miliar with, and\n+0001e540: 2073 6f0a 6865 7265 2069 7320 6120 6272 so.here is a br\n+0001e550: 6965 6620 6775 6964 6520 746f 2068 6f77 ief guide to how\n+0001e560: 2047 5255 4220 3227 7320 696d 6167 6573 GRUB 2's images\n+0001e570: 2072 656c 6174 6520 746f 2074 6861 742e relate to that.\n+0001e580: 0a0a e280 9873 7461 6765 31e2 8099 0a20 .....stage1.... \n+0001e590: 2020 2020 5374 6167 6520 3120 6672 6f6d Stage 1 from\n+0001e5a0: 2047 5255 4220 4c65 6761 6379 2077 6173 GRUB Legacy was\n+0001e5b0: 2076 6572 7920 7369 6d69 6c61 7220 746f very similar to\n+0001e5c0: 20e2 8098 626f 6f74 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 ...boot.img... \n+0001e5d0: 696e 2047 5255 4220 322c 0a20 2020 2020 in GRUB 2,. \n+0001e5e0: 616e 6420 7468 6579 2073 6572 7665 2074 and they serve t\n+0001e5f0: 6865 2073 616d 6520 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e he same function\n+0001e600: 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2a5f 7374 6167 6531 5f35 ......*_stage1_5\n+0001e610: e280 990a 2020 2020 2049 6e20 4752 5542 .... In GRUB\n+0001e620: 204c 6567 6163 792c 2053 7461 6765 2031 Legacy, Stage 1\n+0001e630: 2e35 2773 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e20 7761 .5's function wa\n+0001e640: 7320 746f 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 2065 6e6f s to include eno\n+0001e650: 7567 680a 2020 2020 2066 696c 6573 7973 ugh. filesys\n+0001e660: 7465 6d20 636f 6465 2074 6f20 616c 6c6f tem code to allo\n+0001e670: 7720 7468 6520 6d75 6368 206c 6172 6765 w the much large\n+0001e680: 7220 5374 6167 6520 3220 746f 2062 6520 r Stage 2 to be \n+0001e690: 7265 6164 2066 726f 6d20 616e 0a20 2020 read from an. \n+0001e6a0: 2020 6f72 6469 6e61 7279 2066 696c 6573 ordinary files\n+0001e6b0: 7973 7465 6d2e 2020 496e 2074 6869 7320 ystem. In this \n+0001e6c0: 7265 7370 6563 742c 2069 7473 2066 756e respect, its fun\n+0001e6d0: 6374 696f 6e20 7761 7320 7369 6d69 6c61 ction was simila\n+0001e6e0: 7220 746f 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9863 6f72 r to. ...cor\n+0001e6f0: 652e 696d 67e2 8099 2069 6e20 4752 5542 e.img... in GRUB\n+0001e700: 2032 2e20 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 e280 2. However, ..\n+0001e710: 9863 6f72 652e 696d 67e2 8099 2069 7320 .core.img... is \n+0001e720: 6d75 6368 206d 6f72 6520 6361 7061 626c much more capabl\n+0001e730: 650a 2020 2020 2074 6861 6e20 5374 6167 e. than Stag\n+0001e740: 6520 312e 3520 7761 733b 2073 696e 6365 e 1.5 was; since\n+0001e750: 2069 7420 6f66 6665 7273 2061 2072 6573 it offers a res\n+0001e760: 6375 6520 7368 656c 6c2c 2069 7420 6973 cue shell, it is\n+0001e770: 2073 6f6d 6574 696d 6573 0a20 2020 2020 sometimes. \n+0001e780: 706f 7373 6962 6c65 2074 6f20 7265 636f possible to reco\n+0001e790: 7665 7220 6d61 6e75 616c 6c79 2069 6e20 ver manually in \n+0001e7a0: 7468 6520 6576 656e 7420 7468 6174 2069 the event that i\n+0001e7b0: 7420 6973 2075 6e61 626c 6520 746f 206c t is unable to l\n+0001e7c0: 6f61 640a 2020 2020 2061 6e79 206f 7468 oad. any oth\n+0001e7d0: 6572 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2c20 666f 7220 er modules, for \n+0001e7e0: 6578 616d 706c 6520 6966 2070 6172 7469 example if parti\n+0001e7f0: 7469 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 7273 2068 6176 tion numbers hav\n+0001e800: 6520 6368 616e 6765 642e 0a20 2020 2020 e changed.. \n+0001e810: e280 9863 6f72 652e 696d 67e2 8099 2069 ...core.img... i\n+0001e820: 7320 6275 696c 7420 696e 2061 206d 6f72 s built in a mor\n+0001e830: 6520 666c 6578 6962 6c65 2077 6179 2c20 e flexible way, \n+0001e840: 616c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2047 5255 4220 3220 allowing GRUB 2 \n+0001e850: 746f 0a20 2020 2020 7375 7070 6f72 7420 to. support \n+0001e860: 7265 6164 696e 6720 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 reading modules \n+0001e870: 6672 6f6d 2061 6476 616e 6365 6420 6469 from advanced di\n+0001e880: 736b 2074 7970 6573 2073 7563 6820 6173 sk types such as\n+0001e890: 204c 564d 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 5241 LVM and. RA\n+0001e8a0: 4944 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4752 5542 204c ID... GRUB L\n+0001e8b0: 6567 6163 7920 636f 756c 6420 7275 6e20 egacy could run \n+0001e8c0: 7769 7468 206f 6e6c 7920 5374 6167 6520 with only Stage \n+0001e8d0: 3120 616e 6420 5374 6167 6520 3220 696e 1 and Stage 2 in\n+0001e8e0: 2073 6f6d 6520 6c69 6d69 7465 640a 2020 some limited. \n+0001e8f0: 2020 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e configuration\n+0001e900: 732c 2077 6869 6c65 2047 5255 4220 3220 s, while GRUB 2 \n+0001e910: 7265 7175 6972 6573 20e2 8098 636f 7265 requires ...core\n+0001e920: 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 616e 6420 6361 6e6e .img... and cann\n+0001e930: 6f74 2077 6f72 6b0a 2020 2020 2077 6974 ot work. wit\n+0001e940: 686f 7574 2069 742e 0a0a e280 9873 7461 hout it......sta\n+0001e950: 6765 32e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4752 5542 ge2.... GRUB\n+0001e960: 2032 2068 6173 206e 6f20 7369 6e67 6c65 2 has no single\n+0001e970: 2053 7461 6765 2032 2069 6d61 6765 2e20 Stage 2 image. \n+0001e980: 2049 6e73 7465 6164 2c20 6974 206c 6f61 Instead, it loa\n+0001e990: 6473 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2066 726f 6d0a ds modules from.\n+0001e9a0: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 .../boot/gr\n+0001e9b0: 7562 e280 9920 6174 2072 756e 2d74 696d ub... at run-tim\n+0001e9c0: 652e 0a0a e280 9873 7461 6765 325f 656c e......stage2_el\n+0001e9d0: 746f 7269 746f e280 990a 2020 2020 2049 torito.... I\n+0001e9e0: 6e20 4752 5542 2032 2c20 696d 6167 6573 n GRUB 2, images\n+0001e9f0: 2066 6f72 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2066 726f for booting fro\n+0001ea00: 6d20 4344 2d52 4f4d 2064 7269 7665 7320 m CD-ROM drives \n+0001ea10: 6172 6520 6e6f 770a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e are now. con\n+0001ea20: 7374 7275 6374 6564 2075 7369 6e67 20e2 structed using .\n+0001ea30: 8098 6364 626f 6f74 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 ..cdboot.img... \n+0001ea40: 616e 6420 e280 9863 6f72 652e 696d 67e2 and ...core.img.\n+0001ea50: 8099 2c20 6d61 6b69 6e67 2073 7572 6520 .., making sure \n+0001ea60: 7468 6174 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 636f that the. co\n+0001ea70: 7265 2069 6d61 6765 2063 6f6e 7461 696e re image contain\n+0001ea80: 7320 7468 6520 e280 9869 736f 3936 3630 s the ...iso9660\n+0001ea90: e280 9920 6d6f 6475 6c65 2e20 2049 7420 ... module. It \n+0001eaa0: 6973 2075 7375 616c 6c79 2062 6573 7420 is usually best \n+0001eab0: 746f 0a20 2020 2020 7573 6520 7468 6520 to. use the \n+0001eac0: e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 ...grub-mkrescue\n+0001ead0: e280 9920 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 666f 7220 ... program for \n+0001eae0: 7468 6973 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e62 6772 7562 this......nbgrub\n+0001eaf0: e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 7265 2069 .... There i\n+0001eb00: 7320 6173 2079 6574 206e 6f20 6571 7569 s as yet no equi\n+0001eb10: 7661 6c65 6e74 2066 6f72 20e2 8098 6e62 valent for ...nb\n+0001eb20: 6772 7562 e280 9920 696e 2047 5255 4220 grub... in GRUB \n+0001eb30: 323b 2069 7420 7761 7320 7573 6564 0a20 2; it was used. \n+0001eb40: 2020 2020 6279 2045 7468 6572 626f 6f74 by Etherboot\n+0001eb50: 2061 6e64 2073 6f6d 6520 6f74 6865 7220 and some other \n+0001eb60: 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 network boot loa\n+0001eb70: 6465 7273 2e0a 0ae2 8098 7078 6567 7275 ders......pxegru\n+0001eb80: 62e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 496e 2047 5255 b.... In GRU\n+0001eb90: 4220 322c 2069 6d61 6765 7320 666f 7220 B 2, images for \n+0001eba0: 5058 4520 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 626f 6f74 PXE network boot\n+0001ebb0: 696e 6720 6172 6520 6e6f 7720 636f 6e73 ing are now cons\n+0001ebc0: 7472 7563 7465 6420 7573 696e 670a 2020 tructed using. \n+0001ebd0: 2020 20e2 8098 7078 6562 6f6f 742e 696d ...pxeboot.im\n+0001ebe0: 67e2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 636f 7265 g... and ...core\n+0001ebf0: 2e69 6d67 e280 992c 206d 616b 696e 6720 .img..., making \n+0001ec00: 7375 7265 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 636f sure that the co\n+0001ec10: 7265 2069 6d61 6765 0a20 2020 2020 636f re image. co\n+0001ec20: 6e74 6169 6e73 2074 6865 20e2 8098 7078 ntains the ...px\n+0001ec30: 65e2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 7078 6563 e... and ...pxec\n+0001ec40: 6d64 e280 9920 6d6f 6475 6c65 732e 2020 md... modules. \n+0001ec50: 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e *Note Network::.\n+0001ec60: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+0001ec70: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 436f 7265 nfo, Node: Core\n+0001ec80: 2069 6d61 6765 2073 697a 6520 6c69 6d69 image size limi\n+0001ec90: 7461 7469 6f6e 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2046 tation, Next: F\n+0001eca0: 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d2c 2020 5072 6576 ilesystem, Prev\n+0001ecb0: 3a20 496d 6167 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2054 : Images, Up: T\n+0001ecc0: 6f70 0a0a 3132 2043 6f72 6520 696d 6167 op..12 Core imag\n+0001ecd0: 6520 7369 7a65 206c 696d 6974 6174 696f e size limitatio\n+0001ece0: 6e0a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a n.**************\n+0001ecf0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a ***************.\n+0001ed00: 0a48 6561 7669 6c79 206c 696d 6974 6564 .Heavily limited\n+0001ed10: 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 3a0a 2020 20e2 platforms:. .\n+0001ed20: 80a2 2069 3338 362d 7063 2028 6e6f 726d .. i386-pc (norm\n+0001ed30: 616c 2061 6e64 2050 5845 293a 2074 6865 al and PXE): the\n+0001ed40: 2063 6f72 6520 696d 6167 6520 7369 7a65 core image size\n+0001ed50: 2028 636f 6d70 7265 7373 6564 2920 6973 (compressed) is\n+0001ed60: 0a20 2020 2020 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 6279 . limited by\n+0001ed70: 2034 3538 3234 3020 6279 7465 732e 2020 458240 bytes. \n+0001ed80: 6b65 726e 656c 2e69 6d67 2028 2e74 6578 kernel.img (.tex\n+0001ed90: 7420 2b20 2e64 6174 6120 2b20 2e62 7373 t + .data + .bss\n+0001eda0: 2c0a 2020 2020 2075 6e63 6f6d 7072 6573 ,. uncompres\n+0001edb0: 7365 6429 2069 7320 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 sed) is limited \n+0001edc0: 6279 2033 3932 3730 3420 6279 7465 732e by 392704 bytes.\n+0001edd0: 2020 6d6f 6475 6c65 2073 697a 650a 2020 module size. \n+0001ede0: 2020 2028 756e 636f 6d70 7265 7373 6564 (uncompressed\n+0001edf0: 2920 2b20 6b65 726e 656c 2e69 6d67 2028 ) + kernel.img (\n+0001ee00: 2e74 6578 7420 2b20 2e64 6174 612c 2075 .text + .data, u\n+0001ee10: 6e63 6f6d 7072 6573 7365 6429 2069 730a ncompressed) is.\n+0001ee20: 2020 2020 206c 696d 6974 6564 2062 7920 limited by \n+0001ee30: 7468 6520 7369 7a65 206f 6620 636f 6e74 the size of cont\n+0001ee40: 6967 756f 7573 2063 6875 6e6b 2061 7420 iguous chunk at \n+0001ee50: 314d 2061 6464 7265 7373 2e0a 2020 20e2 1M address.. .\n+0001ee60: 80a2 2073 7061 7263 3634 2d69 6565 6531 .. sparc64-ieee1\n+0001ee70: 3237 353a 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e 696d 6720 275: kernel.img \n+0001ee80: 282e 7465 7874 202b 202e 6461 7461 202b (.text + .data +\n+0001ee90: 202e 6273 7329 202b 206d 6f64 756c 6573 .bss) + modules\n+0001eea0: 202b 0a20 2020 2020 3235 364b 2028 7374 +. 256K (st\n+0001eeb0: 6163 6b29 202b 2032 4d20 2868 6561 7029 ack) + 2M (heap)\n+0001eec0: 2069 7320 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 6279 2073 is limited by s\n+0001eed0: 7061 6365 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2061 pace available a\n+0001eee0: 7420 3078 3434 3030 2e0a 2020 2020 204f t 0x4400.. 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Because of \n-0001f790: 4249 4f53 206c 696d 6974 6174 696f 6e73 BIOS limitations\n-0001f7a0: 2c20 4752 5542 2063 616e 6e6f 7420 6469 , GRUB cannot di\n-0001f7b0: 7374 696e 6775 6973 680a 6265 7477 6565 stinguish.betwee\n-0001f7c0: 6e20 4944 452c 2045 5344 492c 2053 4353 n IDE, ESDI, SCS\n-0001f7d0: 492c 206f 7220 6f74 6865 7273 2e20 2059 I, or others. Y\n-0001f7e0: 6f75 206d 7573 7420 6b6e 6f77 2079 6f75 ou must know you\n-0001f7f0: 7273 656c 6620 7768 6963 6820 4249 4f53 rself which BIOS\n-0001f800: 0a64 6576 6963 6520 6973 2065 7175 6976 .device is equiv\n-0001f810: 616c 656e 7420 746f 2077 6869 6368 204f alent to which O\n-0001f820: 5320 6465 7669 6365 2e20 204e 6f72 6d61 S device. Norma\n-0001f830: 6c6c 792c 2074 6861 7420 7769 6c6c 2062 lly, that will b\n-0001f840: 6520 636c 6561 720a 6966 2079 6f75 2073 e clear.if you s\n-0001f850: 6565 2074 6865 2066 696c 6573 2069 6e20 ee the files in \n-0001f860: 6120 6465 7669 6365 206f 7220 7573 6520 a device or use \n-0001f870: 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 9873 the command ...s\n-0001f880: 6561 7263 68e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a earch... (*note.\n-0001f890: 7365 6172 6368 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 search::)...* Me\n-0001f8a0: 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2044 6576 6963 6520 7379 nu:..* Device sy\n-0001f8b0: 6e74 6178 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ntax:: \n-0001f8c0: 2020 2020 2048 6f77 2074 6f20 7370 6563 How to spec\n-0001f8d0: 6966 7920 6465 7669 6365 730a 2a20 4669 ify devices.* Fi\n-0001f8e0: 6c65 206e 616d 6520 7379 6e74 6178 3a3a le name syntax::\n-0001f8f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 486f 7720 How \n-0001f900: 746f 2073 7065 6369 6679 2066 696c 6573 to specify files\n-0001f910: 0a2a 2042 6c6f 636b 206c 6973 7420 7379 .* Block list sy\n-0001f920: 6e74 6178 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ntax:: \n-0001f930: 2048 6f77 2074 6f20 7370 6563 6966 7920 How to specify \n-0001f940: 626c 6f63 6b20 6c69 7374 730a 0a1f 0a46 block lists....F\n-0001f950: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-0001f960: 204e 6f64 653a 2044 6576 6963 6520 7379 Node: Device sy\n-0001f970: 6e74 6178 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2046 696c ntax, Next: Fil\n-0001f980: 6520 6e61 6d65 2073 796e 7461 782c 2020 e name syntax, \n-0001f990: 5570 3a20 4669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 0a0a Up: Filesystem..\n-0001f9a0: 3133 2e31 2048 6f77 2074 6f20 7370 6563 13.1 How to spec\n-0001f9b0: 6966 7920 6465 7669 6365 730a 3d3d 3d3d ify devices.====\n-0001f9c0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0001f9d0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 2064 6576 =======..The dev\n-0001f9e0: 6963 6520 7379 6e74 6178 2069 7320 6c69 ice syntax is li\n-0001f9f0: 6b65 2074 6869 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 2028 ke this:.. (\n-0001fa00: 4445 5649 4345 5b2c 5041 5254 4d41 502d DEVICE[,PARTMAP-\n-0001fa10: 4e41 4d45 3150 4152 542d 4e55 4d31 5b2c NAME1PART-NUM1[,\n-0001fa20: 5041 5254 4d41 502d 4e41 4d45 3250 4152 PARTMAP-NAME2PAR\n-0001fa30: 542d 4e55 4d32 5b2c 2e2e 2e5d 5d5d 290a T-NUM2[,...]]]).\n-0001fa40: 0a20 2020 e280 985b 5de2 8099 206d 6561 . ...[]... mea\n-0001fa50: 6e73 2074 6865 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 ns the parameter\n-0001fa60: 2069 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 616c 2e20 2044 is optional. D\n-0001fa70: 4556 4943 4520 6465 7065 6e64 7320 6f6e EVICE depends on\n-0001fa80: 2074 6865 2064 6973 6b0a 6472 6976 6572 the disk.driver\n-0001fa90: 2069 6e20 7573 652e 2020 4249 4f53 2061 in use. BIOS a\n-0001faa0: 6e64 2045 4649 2064 6973 6b73 2075 7365 nd EFI disks use\n-0001fab0: 2065 6974 6865 7220 e280 9866 64e2 8099 either ...fd...\n-0001fac0: 206f 7220 e280 9868 64e2 8099 2066 6f6c or ...hd... fol\n-0001fad0: 6c6f 7765 6420 6279 2061 0a64 6967 6974 lowed by a.digit\n-0001fae0: 2c20 6c69 6b65 20e2 8098 6664 30e2 8099 , like ...fd0...\n-0001faf0: 2c20 6f72 20e2 8098 6364 e280 992e 2020 , or ...cd.... \n-0001fb00: 4148 4349 2c20 5041 5441 2028 6174 6129 AHCI, PATA (ata)\n-0001fb10: 2c20 6372 7970 746f 2c20 5553 4220 7573 , crypto, USB us\n-0001fb20: 6520 7468 6520 6e61 6d65 0a6f 6620 6472 e the name.of dr\n-0001fb30: 6976 6572 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7765 6420 6279 iver followed by\n-0001fb40: 2061 206e 756d 6265 722e 2020 4d65 6d64 a number. Memd\n-0001fb50: 6973 6b20 616e 6420 686f 7374 2061 7265 isk and host are\n-0001fb60: 206c 696d 6974 6564 2074 6f20 6f6e 650a limited to one.\n-0001fb70: 6469 736b 2061 6e64 2073 6f20 6974 2773 disk and so it's\n-0001fb80: 2072 6566 6572 6564 206a 7573 7420 6279 refered just by\n-0001fb90: 2064 7269 7665 7220 6e61 6d65 2e20 2052 driver name. R\n-0001fba0: 4149 4420 286d 6429 2c20 6f66 6469 736b AID (md), ofdisk\n-0001fbb0: 0a28 6965 6565 3132 3735 2061 6e64 206e .(ieee1275 and n\n-0001fbc0: 616e 6429 2c20 4c56 4d20 286c 766d 292c and), LVM (lvm),\n-0001fbd0: 204c 444d 2c20 7669 7274 696f 2028 7664 LDM, virtio (vd\n-0001fbe0: 736b 2920 616e 6420 6172 6364 6973 6b20 sk) and arcdisk \n-0001fbf0: 2861 7263 2920 7573 650a 696e 7472 696e (arc) use.intrin\n-0001fc00: 7369 6320 6e61 6d65 206f 6620 6469 736b sic name of disk\n-0001fc10: 2070 7265 6669 7865 6420 6279 2064 7269 prefixed by dri\n-0001fc20: 7665 7220 6e61 6d65 2e20 2041 6464 6974 ver name. Addit\n-0001fc30: 696f 6e61 6c6c 7920 6a75 7374 0a22 6e61 ionally just.\"na\n-0001fc40: 6e64 2220 7265 6665 7273 2074 6f20 7468 nd\" refers to th\n-0001fc50: 6520 6469 736b 2061 6c69 6173 6564 2061 e disk aliased a\n-0001fc60: 7320 226e 616e 6422 2e20 2043 6f6e 666c s \"nand\". Confl\n-0001fc70: 6963 7473 2061 7265 2073 6f6c 7665 6420 icts are solved \n-0001fc80: 6279 0a73 7566 6669 7869 6e67 2061 206e by.suffixing a n\n-0001fc90: 756d 6265 7220 6966 206e 6563 6573 7361 umber if necessa\n-0001fca0: 7272 792e 2020 436f 6d6d 6173 206e 6565 rry. Commas nee\n-0001fcb0: 6420 746f 2062 6520 6573 6361 7065 642e d to be escaped.\n-0001fcc0: 2020 4c6f 6f70 6261 636b 0a75 7365 7320 Loopback.uses \n-0001fcd0: 7768 6174 6576 6572 206e 616d 6520 7370 whatever name sp\n-0001fce0: 6563 6966 6965 6420 746f 20e2 8098 6c6f ecified to ...lo\n-0001fcf0: 6f70 6261 636b e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e opback... comman\n-0001fd00: 642e 2020 486f 7374 6469 736b 2075 7365 d. Hostdisk use\n-0001fd10: 7320 6e61 6d65 730a 7370 6563 6966 6965 s names.specifie\n-0001fd20: 6420 696e 2064 6576 6963 652e 6d61 7020 d in device.map \n-0001fd30: 6173 206c 6f6e 6720 6173 2069 7427 7320 as long as it's \n-0001fd40: 6f66 2074 6865 2066 6f72 6d20 5b66 6863 of the form [fhc\n-0001fd50: 5d64 5b30 2d39 5d2a 206f 720a 686f 7374 ]d[0-9]* or.host\n-0001fd60: 6469 736b 2f3c 4f53 2044 4556 4943 453e disk/\n-0001fd70: 2e20 2046 6f72 2063 7279 7074 6f20 616e . For crypto an\n-0001fd80: 6420 5241 4944 2028 6d64 2920 6164 6469 d RAID (md) addi\n-0001fd90: 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 2079 6f75 2063 616e tionally you can\n-0001fda0: 2075 7365 0a74 6865 2073 796e 7461 7820 use.the syntax \n-0001fdb0: 3c64 7269 7665 7220 6e61 6d65 3e75 7569 uui\n-0001fdc0: 642f 3c75 7569 643e 2e20 2046 6f72 204c d/. For L\n-0001fdd0: 564d 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c6c 7920 VM additionally \n-0001fde0: 796f 7520 6361 6e20 7573 650a 7468 6520 you can use.the \n-0001fdf0: 7379 6e74 6178 206c 766d 6964 2f3c 766f syntax lvmid/\n-0001fe10: 2f3c 766f 6c75 6d65 2d75 7569 643e 2e0a /..\n-0001fe20: 0a20 2020 2020 2866 6430 290a 2020 2020 . (fd0). \n-0001fe30: 2028 6864 3029 0a20 2020 2020 2863 6429 (hd0). (cd)\n-0001fe40: 0a20 2020 2020 2861 6863 6930 290a 2020 . (ahci0). \n-0001fe50: 2020 2028 6174 6130 290a 2020 2020 2028 (ata0). (\n-0001fe60: 6372 7970 746f 3029 0a20 2020 2020 2875 crypto0). (u\n-0001fe70: 7362 3029 0a20 2020 2020 2863 7279 7074 sb0). (crypt\n-0001fe80: 6f75 7569 642f 3132 3334 3536 3738 3961 ouuid/123456789a\n-0001fe90: 6263 6465 6630 3132 3334 3536 3738 3961 bcdef0123456789a\n-0001fea0: 6263 6465 6630 290a 2020 2020 2028 6d64 bcdef0). (md\n-0001feb0: 7575 6964 2f31 3233 3435 3637 3839 6162 uuid/123456789ab\n-0001fec0: 6364 6566 3031 3233 3435 3637 3839 6162 cdef0123456789ab\n-0001fed0: 6364 6566 3029 0a20 2020 2020 286c 766d cdef0). (lvm\n-0001fee0: 2f73 7973 7465 6d2d 726f 6f74 290a 2020 /system-root). \n-0001fef0: 2020 2028 6c76 6d69 642f 4631 696b 6744 (lvmid/F1ikgD\n-0001ff00: 2d32 5245 532d 3330 3647 2d69 6c39 4d2d -2RES-306G-il9M-\n-0001ff10: 3769 7761 2d34 4e4b 572d 4562 5631 4e56 7iwa-4NKW-EbV1NV\n-0001ff20: 2f65 4c47 7543 512d 4c34 4b61 2d58 5567 /eLGuCQ-L4Ka-XUg\n-0001ff30: 522d 736a 744a 2d66 6663 682d 6261 6a72 R-sjtJ-ffch-bajr\n-0001ff40: 2d66 434e 667a 3529 0a20 2020 2020 286d -fCNfz5). (m\n-0001ff50: 642f 6d79 7261 6964 290a 2020 2020 2028 d/myraid). (\n-0001ff60: 6d64 2f30 290a 2020 2020 2028 6965 6565 md/0). (ieee\n-0001ff70: 3132 3735 2f64 6973 6b32 290a 2020 2020 1275/disk2). \n-0001ff80: 2028 6965 6565 3132 3735 2f2f 7063 6940 (ieee1275//pci@\n-0001ff90: 3166 5c2c 302f 6964 6540 642f 6469 736b 1f\\,0/ide@d/disk\n-0001ffa0: 4032 290a 2020 2020 2028 6e61 6e64 290a @2). (nand).\n-0001ffb0: 2020 2020 2028 6d65 6d64 6973 6b29 0a20 (memdisk). \n-0001ffc0: 2020 2020 2868 6f73 7429 0a20 2020 2020 (host). \n-0001ffd0: 286d 796c 6f6f 7029 0a20 2020 2020 2868 (myloop). (h\n-0001ffe0: 6f73 7464 6973 6b2f 2f64 6576 2f73 6461 ostdisk//dev/sda\n-0001fff0: 290a 0a20 2020 5041 5254 2d4e 554d 2072 ).. PART-NUM r\n-00020000: 6570 7265 7365 6e74 7320 7468 6520 7061 epresents the pa\n-00020010: 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 206f rtition number o\n-00020020: 6620 4445 5649 4345 2c20 7374 6172 7469 f DEVICE, starti\n-00020030: 6e67 2066 726f 6d0a 6f6e 652e 2020 5041 ng from.one. PA\n-00020040: 5254 4e41 4d45 2069 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e RTNAME is option\n-00020050: 616c 2062 7574 2069 7320 7265 636f 6d6d al but is recomm\n-00020060: 656e 6465 6420 7369 6e63 6520 6469 736b ended since disk\n-00020070: 206d 6179 2068 6176 650a 7365 7665 7261 may have.severa\n-00020080: 6c20 746f 702d 6c65 7665 6c20 7061 7274 l top-level part\n-00020090: 6d61 7073 2e20 2053 7065 6369 6679 696e maps. Specifyin\n-000200a0: 6720 7468 6972 6420 616e 6420 6c61 7465 g third and late\n-000200b0: 7220 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 7420 796f 750a r component you.\n-000200c0: 6361 6e20 6163 6365 7373 2074 6f20 7375 can access to su\n-000200d0: 6270 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 732e 0a0a 2020 bpartitions... \n-000200e0: 2054 6865 2073 796e 7461 7820 e280 9828 The syntax ...(\n-000200f0: 6864 3029 e280 9920 7265 7072 6573 656e hd0)... represen\n-00020100: 7473 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 2065 6e74 ts using the ent\n-00020110: 6972 6520 6469 736b 2028 6f72 2074 6865 ire disk (or the\n-00020120: 204d 4252 2077 6865 6e0a 696e 7374 616c MBR when.instal\n-00020130: 6c69 6e67 2047 5255 4229 2c20 7768 696c ling GRUB), whil\n-00020140: 6520 7468 6520 7379 6e74 6178 20e2 8098 e the syntax ...\n-00020150: 2868 6430 2c31 29e2 8099 2072 6570 7265 (hd0,1)... repre\n-00020160: 7365 6e74 7320 7573 696e 6720 7468 6520 sents using the \n-00020170: 6669 7273 740a 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 first.partition \n-00020180: 6f66 2074 6865 2064 6973 6b20 286f 7220 of the disk (or \n-00020190: 7468 6520 626f 6f74 2073 6563 746f 7220 the boot sector \n-000201a0: 6f66 2074 6865 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e of the partition\n-000201b0: 2077 6865 6e0a 696e 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 when.installing\n-000201c0: 2047 5255 4229 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2868 GRUB)... (h\n-000201d0: 6430 2c6d 7364 6f73 3129 0a20 2020 2020 d0,msdos1). \n-000201e0: 2868 6430 2c6d 7364 6f73 312c 6d73 646f (hd0,msdos1,msdo\n-000201f0: 7335 290a 2020 2020 2028 6864 302c 6d73 s5). (hd0,ms\n-00020200: 646f 7331 2c62 7364 3329 0a20 2020 2020 dos1,bsd3). \n-00020210: 2868 6430 2c6e 6574 6273 6431 290a 2020 (hd0,netbsd1). \n-00020220: 2020 2028 6864 302c 6770 7431 290a 2020 (hd0,gpt1). \n-00020230: 2020 2028 6864 302c 312c 3329 0a0a 2020 (hd0,1,3).. \n-00020240: 2049 6620 796f 7520 656e 6162 6c65 6420 If you enabled \n-00020250: 7468 6520 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 7375 7070 the network supp\n-00020260: 6f72 742c 2074 6865 2073 7065 6369 616c ort, the special\n-00020270: 2064 7269 7665 730a e280 9828 5052 4f54 drives....(PROT\n-00020280: 4f43 4f4c 5b2c 5345 5256 4552 5d29 e280 OCOL[,SERVER])..\n-00020290: 9920 6172 6520 616c 736f 2061 7661 696c . are also avail\n-000202a0: 6162 6c65 2e20 2053 7570 706f 7274 6564 able. Supported\n-000202b0: 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c73 2061 7265 0ae2 protocols are..\n-000202c0: 8098 6874 7470 e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 ..http... and ..\n-000202d0: 9874 6674 70e2 8099 2e20 2049 6620 5345 .tftp.... If SE\n-000202e0: 5256 4552 2069 7320 6f6d 6974 7465 642c RVER is omitted,\n-000202f0: 2076 616c 7565 206f 6620 656e 7669 726f value of enviro\n-00020300: 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 0ae2 nment variable..\n-00020310: 8098 6e65 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f 7365 ..net_default_se\n-00020320: 7276 6572 e280 9920 6973 2075 7365 642e rver... is used.\n-00020330: 2020 4265 666f 7265 2075 7369 6e67 2074 Before using t\n-00020340: 6865 206e 6574 776f 726b 2064 7269 7665 he network drive\n-00020350: 2c20 796f 7520 6d75 7374 0a69 6e69 7469 , you must.initi\n-00020360: 616c 697a 6520 7468 6520 6e65 7477 6f72 alize the networ\n-00020370: 6b2e 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 k. *Note Networ\n-00020380: 6b3a 3a2c 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 696e k::, for more in\n-00020390: 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2057 formation... W\n-000203a0: 6865 6e20 7573 696e 6720 e280 9868 7474 hen using ...htt\n-000203b0: 70e2 8099 206f 7220 e280 9874 6674 70e2 p... or ...tftp.\n-000203c0: 8099 2c20 706f 7274 7320 6f74 6865 7220 .., ports other \n-000203d0: 7468 616e 20e2 8098 3830 e280 9920 6361 than ...80... ca\n-000203e0: 6e20 6265 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 0a75 n be specified.u\n-000203f0: 7369 6e67 2061 2063 6f6c 6f6e 2028 e280 sing a colon (..\n-00020400: 983a e280 9929 2061 6674 6572 2074 6865 .:...) after the\n-00020410: 2061 6464 7265 7373 2e20 2054 6f20 6176 address. To av\n-00020420: 6f69 6420 7061 7273 696e 6720 636f 6e66 oid parsing conf\n-00020430: 6c69 6374 732c 2077 6865 6e0a 7573 696e licts, when.usin\n-00020440: 6720 4950 7636 2061 6464 7265 7373 6573 g IPv6 addresses\n-00020450: 2077 6974 6820 6375 7374 6f6d 2070 6f72 with custom por\n-00020460: 7473 2c20 7468 6520 6164 6472 6573 7365 ts, the addresse\n-00020470: 7320 6d75 7374 2062 6520 656e 636c 6f73 s must be enclos\n-00020480: 6564 0a77 6974 6820 7371 7561 7265 2062 ed.with square b\n-00020490: 7261 636b 6574 7320 28e2 8098 5b5d e280 rackets (...[]..\n-000204a0: 9929 2c20 6173 2069 7320 7374 616e 6461 .), as is standa\n-000204b0: 7264 2070 7261 6374 6963 652e 0a0a 2020 rd practice... \n-000204c0: 2020 2028 6874 7470 2c67 7275 622e 6578 (http,grub.ex\n-000204d0: 616d 706c 652e 636f 6d3a 3331 3333 3729 ample.com:31337)\n-000204e0: 0a20 2020 2020 2868 7474 702c 3139 322e . (http,192.\n-000204f0: 302e 322e 313a 3333 3929 0a20 2020 2020 0.2.1:339). \n-00020500: 2868 7474 702c 5b32 3030 313a 6462 383a (http,[2001:db8:\n-00020510: 3a31 5d3a 3131 3233 3529 0a0a 2020 2049 :1]:11235).. I\n-00020520: 6620 796f 7520 626f 6f74 2047 5255 4220 f you boot GRUB \n-00020530: 6672 6f6d 2061 2043 442d 524f 4d2c 20e2 from a CD-ROM, .\n-00020540: 8098 2863 6429 e280 9920 6973 2061 7661 ..(cd)... is ava\n-00020550: 696c 6162 6c65 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 204d ilable. *Note M\n-00020560: 616b 696e 6720 610a 4752 5542 2062 6f6f aking a.GRUB boo\n-00020570: 7461 626c 6520 4344 2d52 4f4d 3a3a 2c20 table CD-ROM::, \n-00020580: 666f 7220 6465 7461 696c 732e 0a0a 1f0a for details.....\n-00020590: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-000205a0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4669 6c65 206e 616d Node: File nam\n-000205b0: 6520 7379 6e74 6178 2c20 204e 6578 743a e syntax, Next:\n-000205c0: 2042 6c6f 636b 206c 6973 7420 7379 6e74 Block list synt\n-000205d0: 6178 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2044 6576 6963 ax, Prev: Devic\n-000205e0: 6520 7379 6e74 6178 2c20 2055 703a 2046 e syntax, Up: F\n-000205f0: 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d0a 0a31 332e 3220 ilesystem..13.2 \n-00020600: 486f 7720 746f 2073 7065 6369 6679 2066 How to specify f\n-00020610: 696c 6573 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d iles.===========\n-00020620: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a ==============..\n-00020630: 5468 6572 6520 6172 6520 7477 6f20 7761 There are two wa\n-00020640: 7973 2074 6f20 7370 6563 6966 7920 6669 ys to specify fi\n-00020650: 6c65 732c 2062 7920 e280 9c61 6273 6f6c les, by ...absol\n-00020660: 7574 6520 6669 6c65 206e 616d 65e2 809d ute file name...\n-00020670: 2061 6e64 2062 790a e280 9c62 6c6f 636b and by....block\n-00020680: 206c 6973 74e2 809d 2e0a 0a20 2020 416e list...... An\n-00020690: 2061 6273 6f6c 7574 6520 6669 6c65 206e absolute file n\n-000206a0: 616d 6520 7265 7365 6d62 6c65 7320 6120 ame resembles a \n-000206b0: 556e 6978 2061 6273 6f6c 7574 6520 6669 Unix absolute fi\n-000206c0: 6c65 206e 616d 652c 2075 7369 6e67 20e2 le name, using .\n-000206d0: 8098 2fe2 8099 0a66 6f72 2074 6865 2064 ../....for the d\n-000206e0: 6972 6563 746f 7279 2073 6570 6172 6174 irectory separat\n-000206f0: 6f72 2028 6e6f 7420 e280 985c e280 9920 or (not ...\\... \n-00020700: 6173 2069 6e20 444f 5329 2e20 4f6e 6520 as in DOS). One \n-00020710: 6578 616d 706c 6520 6973 0ae2 8098 2868 example is....(h\n-00020720: 6430 2c31 292f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 622f d0,1)/boot/grub/\n-00020730: 6772 7562 2e63 6667 e280 992e 2020 5468 grub.cfg.... Th\n-00020740: 6973 206d 6561 6e73 2074 6865 2066 696c is means the fil\n-00020750: 6520 e280 982f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 622f e .../boot/grub/\n-00020760: 6772 7562 2e63 6667 e280 990a 696e 2074 grub.cfg....in t\n-00020770: 6865 2066 6972 7374 2070 6172 7469 7469 he first partiti\n-00020780: 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 on of the first \n-00020790: 6861 7264 2064 6973 6b2e 2020 4966 2079 hard disk. If y\n-000207a0: 6f75 206f 6d69 7420 7468 6520 6465 7669 ou omit the devi\n-000207b0: 6365 0a6e 616d 6520 696e 2061 6e20 6162 ce.name in an ab\n-000207c0: 736f 6c75 7465 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 solute file name\n-000207d0: 2c20 4752 5542 2075 7365 7320 4752 5542 , GRUB uses GRUB\n-000207e0: 2773 20e2 809c 726f 6f74 2064 6576 6963 's ...root devic\n-000207f0: 65e2 809d 0a69 6d70 6c69 6369 746c 792e e....implicitly.\n-00020800: 2020 536f 2069 6620 796f 7520 7365 7420 So if you set \n-00020810: 7468 6520 726f 6f74 2064 6576 6963 6520 the root device \n-00020820: 746f 2c20 7361 792c 20e2 8098 2868 6431 to, say, ...(hd1\n-00020830: 2c31 29e2 8099 2062 7920 7468 650a 636f ,1)... by the.co\n-00020840: 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 9873 6574 2072 6f6f mmand ...set roo\n-00020850: 743d 2868 6431 2c31 29e2 8099 2028 2a6e t=(hd1,1)... (*n\n-00020860: 6f74 6520 7365 743a 3a29 2c20 7468 656e ote set::), then\n-00020870: 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6b65 726e 656c .../boot/kernel\n-00020880: e280 9920 6973 2074 6865 0a73 616d 6520 ... is the.same \n-00020890: 6173 20e2 8098 2868 6431 2c31 292f 626f as ...(hd1,1)/bo\n-000208a0: 6f74 2f6b 6572 6e65 6ce2 8099 2e0a 0a20 ot/kernel...... \n-000208b0: 2020 4f6e 205a 4653 2066 696c 6573 7973 On ZFS filesys\n-000208c0: 7465 6d20 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 7061 tem the first pa\n-000208d0: 7468 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 206d 7573 th component mus\n-000208e0: 7420 6265 0a56 4f4c 554d 45e2 8098 40e2 t be.VOLUME...@.\n-000208f0: 8099 5b53 4e41 5053 484f 545d 2e20 2053 ..[SNAPSHOT]. S\n-00020900: 6f20 e280 982f 726f 6f74 766f 6c40 736e o .../rootvol@sn\n-00020910: 6170 2d31 3239 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 ap-129/boot/grub\n-00020920: 2f67 7275 622e 6366 67e2 8099 2072 6566 /grub.cfg... ref\n-00020930: 6572 730a 746f 2066 696c 6520 e280 982f ers.to file .../\n-00020940: 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 622f 6772 7562 2e63 boot/grub/grub.c\n-00020950: 6667 e280 9920 696e 2073 6e61 7073 686f fg... in snapsho\n-00020960: 7420 6f66 2076 6f6c 756d 6520 e280 9872 t of volume ...r\n-00020970: 6f6f 7476 6f6c e280 9920 7769 7468 206e ootvol... with n\n-00020980: 616d 650a e280 9873 6e61 702d 3132 39e2 ame....snap-129.\n-00020990: 8099 2e20 2054 7261 696c 696e 6720 e280 ... Trailing ..\n-000209a0: 9840 e280 9920 6166 7465 7220 766f 6c75 .@... after volu\n-000209b0: 6d65 206e 616d 6520 6973 206d 616e 6461 me name is manda\n-000209c0: 746f 7279 2065 7665 6e20 6966 0a73 6e61 tory even if.sna\n-000209d0: 7073 686f 7420 6e61 6d65 2069 7320 6f6d pshot name is om\n-000209e0: 6974 7465 642e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 itted.....File: \n-000209f0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-00020a00: 3a20 426c 6f63 6b20 6c69 7374 2073 796e : Block list syn\n-00020a10: 7461 782c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4669 6c65 tax, Prev: File\n-00020a20: 206e 616d 6520 7379 6e74 6178 2c20 2055 name syntax, U\n-00020a30: 703a 2046 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d0a 0a31 p: Filesystem..1\n-00020a40: 332e 3320 486f 7720 746f 2073 7065 6369 3.3 How to speci\n-00020a50: 6679 2062 6c6f 636b 206c 6973 7473 0a3d fy block lists.=\n+0001f720: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 4752 5542 2075 7365 ******..GRUB use\n+0001f730: 7320 6120 7370 6563 6961 6c20 7379 6e74 s a special synt\n+0001f740: 6178 2066 6f72 2073 7065 6369 6679 696e ax for specifyin\n+0001f750: 6720 6469 736b 2064 7269 7665 7320 7768 g disk drives wh\n+0001f760: 6963 6820 6361 6e20 6265 0a61 6363 6573 ich can be.acces\n+0001f770: 7365 6420 6279 2042 494f 532e 2042 6563 sed by BIOS. Bec\n+0001f780: 6175 7365 206f 6620 4249 4f53 206c 696d ause of BIOS lim\n+0001f790: 6974 6174 696f 6e73 2c20 4752 5542 2063 itations, GRUB c\n+0001f7a0: 616e 6e6f 7420 6469 7374 696e 6775 6973 annot distinguis\n+0001f7b0: 680a 6265 7477 6565 6e20 4944 452c 2045 h.between IDE, E\n+0001f7c0: 5344 492c 2053 4353 492c 206f 7220 6f74 SDI, SCSI, or ot\n+0001f7d0: 6865 7273 2e20 2059 6f75 206d 7573 7420 hers. You must \n+0001f7e0: 6b6e 6f77 2079 6f75 7273 656c 6620 7768 know yourself wh\n+0001f7f0: 6963 6820 4249 4f53 0a64 6576 6963 6520 ich BIOS.device \n+0001f800: 6973 2065 7175 6976 616c 656e 7420 746f is equivalent to\n+0001f810: 2077 6869 6368 204f 5320 6465 7669 6365 which OS device\n+0001f820: 2e20 204e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 792c 2074 6861 . Normally, tha\n+0001f830: 7420 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 636c 6561 720a t will be clear.\n+0001f840: 6966 2079 6f75 2073 6565 2074 6865 2066 if you see the f\n+0001f850: 696c 6573 2069 6e20 6120 6465 7669 6365 iles in a device\n+0001f860: 206f 7220 7573 6520 7468 6520 636f 6d6d or use the comm\n+0001f870: 616e 6420 e280 9873 6561 7263 68e2 8099 and ...search...\n+0001f880: 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 7365 6172 6368 3a3a (*note.search::\n+0001f890: 292e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2044 )...* Menu:..* D\n+0001f8a0: 6576 6963 6520 7379 6e74 6178 3a3a 2020 evice syntax:: \n+0001f8b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2048 6f77 How\n+0001f8c0: 2074 6f20 7370 6563 6966 7920 6465 7669 to specify devi\n+0001f8d0: 6365 730a 2a20 4669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 ces.* File name \n+0001f8e0: 7379 6e74 6178 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 syntax:: \n+0001f8f0: 2020 2020 486f 7720 746f 2073 7065 6369 How to speci\n+0001f900: 6679 2066 696c 6573 0a2a 2042 6c6f 636b fy files.* Block\n+0001f910: 206c 6973 7420 7379 6e74 6178 3a3a 2020 list syntax:: \n+0001f920: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2048 6f77 2074 6f20 How to \n+0001f930: 7370 6563 6966 7920 626c 6f63 6b20 6c69 specify block li\n+0001f940: 7374 730a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 sts....File: gru\n+0001f950: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2044 b.info, Node: D\n+0001f960: 6576 6963 6520 7379 6e74 6178 2c20 204e evice syntax, N\n+0001f970: 6578 743a 2046 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 2073 ext: File name s\n+0001f980: 796e 7461 782c 2020 5570 3a20 4669 6c65 yntax, Up: File\n+0001f990: 7379 7374 656d 0a0a 3133 2e31 2048 6f77 system..13.1 How\n+0001f9a0: 2074 6f20 7370 6563 6966 7920 6465 7669 to specify devi\n+0001f9b0: 6365 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ces.============\n+0001f9c0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a ===============.\n+0001f9d0: 0a54 6865 2064 6576 6963 6520 7379 6e74 .The device synt\n+0001f9e0: 6178 2069 7320 6c69 6b65 2074 6869 733a ax is like this:\n+0001f9f0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2028 4445 5649 4345 5b2c .. (DEVICE[,\n+0001fa00: 5041 5254 4d41 502d 4e41 4d45 3150 4152 PARTMAP-NAME1PAR\n+0001fa10: 542d 4e55 4d31 5b2c 5041 5254 4d41 502d T-NUM1[,PARTMAP-\n+0001fa20: 4e41 4d45 3250 4152 542d 4e55 4d32 5b2c NAME2PART-NUM2[,\n+0001fa30: 2e2e 2e5d 5d5d 290a 0a20 2020 e280 985b ...]]]).. ...[\n+0001fa40: 5de2 8099 206d 6561 6e73 2074 6865 2070 ]... means the p\n+0001fa50: 6172 616d 6574 6572 2069 7320 6f70 7469 arameter is opti\n+0001fa60: 6f6e 616c 2e20 2044 4556 4943 4520 6465 onal. DEVICE de\n+0001fa70: 7065 6e64 7320 6f6e 2074 6865 2064 6973 pends on the dis\n+0001fa80: 6b0a 6472 6976 6572 2069 6e20 7573 652e k.driver in use.\n+0001fa90: 2020 4249 4f53 2061 6e64 2045 4649 2064 BIOS and EFI d\n+0001faa0: 6973 6b73 2075 7365 2065 6974 6865 7220 isks use either \n+0001fab0: e280 9866 64e2 8099 206f 7220 e280 9868 ...fd... or ...h\n+0001fac0: 64e2 8099 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7765 6420 6279 d... followed by\n+0001fad0: 2061 0a64 6967 6974 2c20 6c69 6b65 20e2 a.digit, like .\n+0001fae0: 8098 6664 30e2 8099 2c20 6f72 20e2 8098 ..fd0..., or ...\n+0001faf0: 6364 e280 992e 2020 4148 4349 2c20 5041 cd.... AHCI, PA\n+0001fb00: 5441 2028 6174 6129 2c20 6372 7970 746f TA (ata), crypto\n+0001fb10: 2c20 5553 4220 7573 6520 7468 6520 6e61 , USB use the na\n+0001fb20: 6d65 0a6f 6620 6472 6976 6572 2066 6f6c me.of driver fol\n+0001fb30: 6c6f 7765 6420 6279 2061 206e 756d 6265 lowed by a numbe\n+0001fb40: 722e 2020 4d65 6d64 6973 6b20 616e 6420 r. Memdisk and \n+0001fb50: 686f 7374 2061 7265 206c 696d 6974 6564 host are limited\n+0001fb60: 2074 6f20 6f6e 650a 6469 736b 2061 6e64 to one.disk and\n+0001fb70: 2073 6f20 6974 2773 2072 6566 6572 6564 so it's refered\n+0001fb80: 206a 7573 7420 6279 2064 7269 7665 7220 just by driver \n+0001fb90: 6e61 6d65 2e20 2052 4149 4420 286d 6429 name. RAID (md)\n+0001fba0: 2c20 6f66 6469 736b 0a28 6965 6565 3132 , ofdisk.(ieee12\n+0001fbb0: 3735 2061 6e64 206e 616e 6429 2c20 4c56 75 and nand), LV\n+0001fbc0: 4d20 286c 766d 292c 204c 444d 2c20 7669 M (lvm), LDM, vi\n+0001fbd0: 7274 696f 2028 7664 736b 2920 616e 6420 rtio (vdsk) and \n+0001fbe0: 6172 6364 6973 6b20 2861 7263 2920 7573 arcdisk (arc) us\n+0001fbf0: 650a 696e 7472 696e 7369 6320 6e61 6d65 e.intrinsic name\n+0001fc00: 206f 6620 6469 736b 2070 7265 6669 7865 of disk prefixe\n+0001fc10: 6420 6279 2064 7269 7665 7220 6e61 6d65 d by driver name\n+0001fc20: 2e20 2041 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c6c 7920 . Additionally \n+0001fc30: 6a75 7374 0a22 6e61 6e64 2220 7265 6665 just.\"nand\" refe\n+0001fc40: 7273 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6469 736b 2061 rs to the disk a\n+0001fc50: 6c69 6173 6564 2061 7320 226e 616e 6422 liased as \"nand\"\n+0001fc60: 2e20 2043 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 2061 7265 . Conflicts are\n+0001fc70: 2073 6f6c 7665 6420 6279 0a73 7566 6669 solved by.suffi\n+0001fc80: 7869 6e67 2061 206e 756d 6265 7220 6966 xing a number if\n+0001fc90: 206e 6563 6573 7361 7272 792e 2020 436f necessarry. Co\n+0001fca0: 6d6d 6173 206e 6565 6420 746f 2062 6520 mmas need to be \n+0001fcb0: 6573 6361 7065 642e 2020 4c6f 6f70 6261 escaped. Loopba\n+0001fcc0: 636b 0a75 7365 7320 7768 6174 6576 6572 ck.uses whatever\n+0001fcd0: 206e 616d 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 name specified \n+0001fce0: 746f 20e2 8098 6c6f 6f70 6261 636b e280 to ...loopback..\n+0001fcf0: 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 642e 2020 486f 7374 . command. Host\n+0001fd00: 6469 736b 2075 7365 7320 6e61 6d65 730a disk uses names.\n+0001fd10: 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 696e 2064 6576 specified in dev\n+0001fd20: 6963 652e 6d61 7020 6173 206c 6f6e 6720 ice.map as long \n+0001fd30: 6173 2069 7427 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2066 as it's of the f\n+0001fd40: 6f72 6d20 5b66 6863 5d64 5b30 2d39 5d2a orm [fhc]d[0-9]*\n+0001fd50: 206f 720a 686f 7374 6469 736b 2f3c 4f53 or.hostdisk/. For c\n+0001fd70: 7279 7074 6f20 616e 6420 5241 4944 2028 rypto and RAID (\n+0001fd80: 6d64 2920 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 md) additionally\n+0001fd90: 2079 6f75 2063 616e 2075 7365 0a74 6865 you can use.the\n+0001fda0: 2073 796e 7461 7820 3c64 7269 7665 7220 syntax uuid/\n+0001fdc0: 2e20 2046 6f72 204c 564d 2061 6464 6974 . For LVM addit\n+0001fdd0: 696f 6e61 6c6c 7920 796f 7520 6361 6e20 ionally you can \n+0001fde0: 7573 650a 7468 6520 7379 6e74 6178 206c use.the syntax l\n+0001fdf0: 766d 6964 2f3c 766f 6c75 6d65 2d67 726f vmid//... (f\n+0001fe20: 6430 290a 2020 2020 2028 6864 3029 0a20 d0). (hd0). \n+0001fe30: 2020 2020 2863 6429 0a20 2020 2020 2861 (cd). (a\n+0001fe40: 6863 6930 290a 2020 2020 2028 6174 6130 hci0). (ata0\n+0001fe50: 290a 2020 2020 2028 6372 7970 746f 3029 ). (crypto0)\n+0001fe60: 0a20 2020 2020 2875 7362 3029 0a20 2020 . (usb0). \n+0001fe70: 2020 2863 7279 7074 6f75 7569 642f 3132 (cryptouuid/12\n+0001fe80: 3334 3536 3738 3961 6263 6465 6630 3132 3456789abcdef012\n+0001fe90: 3334 3536 3738 3961 6263 6465 6630 290a 3456789abcdef0).\n+0001fea0: 2020 2020 2028 6d64 7575 6964 2f31 3233 (mduuid/123\n+0001feb0: 3435 3637 3839 6162 6364 6566 3031 3233 456789abcdef0123\n+0001fec0: 3435 3637 3839 6162 6364 6566 3029 0a20 456789abcdef0). \n+0001fed0: 2020 2020 286c 766d 2f73 7973 7465 6d2d (lvm/system-\n+0001fee0: 726f 6f74 290a 2020 2020 2028 6c76 6d69 root). (lvmi\n+0001fef0: 642f 4631 696b 6744 2d32 5245 532d 3330 d/F1ikgD-2RES-30\n+0001ff00: 3647 2d69 6c39 4d2d 3769 7761 2d34 4e4b 6G-il9M-7iwa-4NK\n+0001ff10: 572d 4562 5631 4e56 2f65 4c47 7543 512d W-EbV1NV/eLGuCQ-\n+0001ff20: 4c34 4b61 2d58 5567 522d 736a 744a 2d66 L4Ka-XUgR-sjtJ-f\n+0001ff30: 6663 682d 6261 6a72 2d66 434e 667a 3529 fch-bajr-fCNfz5)\n+0001ff40: 0a20 2020 2020 286d 642f 6d79 7261 6964 . (md/myraid\n+0001ff50: 290a 2020 2020 2028 6d64 2f30 290a 2020 ). (md/0). \n+0001ff60: 2020 2028 6965 6565 3132 3735 2f64 6973 (ieee1275/dis\n+0001ff70: 6b32 290a 2020 2020 2028 6965 6565 3132 k2). (ieee12\n+0001ff80: 3735 2f2f 7063 6940 3166 5c2c 302f 6964 75//pci@1f\\,0/id\n+0001ff90: 6540 642f 6469 736b 4032 290a 2020 2020 e@d/disk@2). \n+0001ffa0: 2028 6e61 6e64 290a 2020 2020 2028 6d65 (nand). (me\n+0001ffb0: 6d64 6973 6b29 0a20 2020 2020 2868 6f73 mdisk). (hos\n+0001ffc0: 7429 0a20 2020 2020 286d 796c 6f6f 7029 t). (myloop)\n+0001ffd0: 0a20 2020 2020 2868 6f73 7464 6973 6b2f . (hostdisk/\n+0001ffe0: 2f64 6576 2f73 6461 290a 0a20 2020 5041 /dev/sda).. PA\n+0001fff0: 5254 2d4e 554d 2072 6570 7265 7365 6e74 RT-NUM represent\n+00020000: 7320 7468 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 s the partition \n+00020010: 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 4445 5649 4345 number of DEVICE\n+00020020: 2c20 7374 6172 7469 6e67 2066 726f 6d0a , starting from.\n+00020030: 6f6e 652e 2020 5041 5254 4e41 4d45 2069 one. PARTNAME i\n+00020040: 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 616c 2062 7574 2069 s optional but i\n+00020050: 7320 7265 636f 6d6d 656e 6465 6420 7369 s recommended si\n+00020060: 6e63 6520 6469 736b 206d 6179 2068 6176 nce disk may hav\n+00020070: 650a 7365 7665 7261 6c20 746f 702d 6c65 e.several top-le\n+00020080: 7665 6c20 7061 7274 6d61 7073 2e20 2053 vel partmaps. 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(hd0,msdos\n+000201d0: 3129 0a20 2020 2020 2868 6430 2c6d 7364 1). (hd0,msd\n+000201e0: 6f73 312c 6d73 646f 7335 290a 2020 2020 os1,msdos5). \n+000201f0: 2028 6864 302c 6d73 646f 7331 2c62 7364 (hd0,msdos1,bsd\n+00020200: 3329 0a20 2020 2020 2868 6430 2c6e 6574 3). (hd0,net\n+00020210: 6273 6431 290a 2020 2020 2028 6864 302c bsd1). (hd0,\n+00020220: 6770 7431 290a 2020 2020 2028 6864 302c gpt1). (hd0,\n+00020230: 312c 3329 0a0a 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 1,3).. If you \n+00020240: 656e 6162 6c65 6420 7468 6520 6e65 7477 enabled the netw\n+00020250: 6f72 6b20 7375 7070 6f72 742c 2074 6865 ork support, the\n+00020260: 2073 7065 6369 616c 2064 7269 7665 730a special drives.\n+00020270: e280 9828 5052 4f54 4f43 4f4c 5b2c 5345 ...(PROTOCOL[,SE\n+00020280: 5256 4552 5d29 e280 9920 6172 6520 616c RVER])... are al\n+00020290: 736f 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2e20 2053 so available. S\n+000202a0: 7570 706f 7274 6564 2070 726f 746f 636f upported protoco\n+000202b0: 6c73 2061 7265 0ae2 8098 6874 7470 e280 ls are....http..\n+000202c0: 9920 616e 6420 e280 9874 6674 70e2 8099 . and ...tftp...\n+000202d0: 2e20 2049 6620 5345 5256 4552 2069 7320 . If SERVER is \n+000202e0: 6f6d 6974 7465 642c 2076 616c 7565 206f omitted, value o\n+000202f0: 6620 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 f environment va\n+00020300: 7269 6162 6c65 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f 6465 riable....net_de\n+00020310: 6661 756c 745f 7365 7276 6572 e280 9920 fault_server... \n+00020320: 6973 2075 7365 642e 2020 4265 666f 7265 is used. Before\n+00020330: 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 206e 6574 776f using the netwo\n+00020340: 726b 2064 7269 7665 2c20 796f 7520 6d75 rk drive, you mu\n+00020350: 7374 0a69 6e69 7469 616c 697a 6520 7468 st.initialize th\n+00020360: 6520 6e65 7477 6f72 6b2e 2020 2a4e 6f74 e network. *Not\n+00020370: 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2c 2066 6f72 e Network::, for\n+00020380: 206d 6f72 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f more informatio\n+00020390: 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2057 6865 6e20 7573 696e n... When usin\n+000203a0: 6720 e280 9868 7474 70e2 8099 206f 7220 g ...http... or \n+000203b0: e280 9874 6674 70e2 8099 2c20 706f 7274 ...tftp..., port\n+000203c0: 7320 6f74 6865 7220 7468 616e 20e2 8098 s other than ...\n+000203d0: 3830 e280 9920 6361 6e20 6265 2073 7065 80... can be spe\n+000203e0: 6369 6669 6564 0a75 7369 6e67 2061 2063 cified.using a c\n+000203f0: 6f6c 6f6e 2028 e280 983a e280 9929 2061 olon (...:...) a\n+00020400: 6674 6572 2074 6865 2061 6464 7265 7373 fter the address\n+00020410: 2e20 2054 6f20 6176 6f69 6420 7061 7273 . To avoid pars\n+00020420: 696e 6720 636f 6e66 6c69 6374 732c 2077 ing conflicts, w\n+00020430: 6865 6e0a 7573 696e 6720 4950 7636 2061 hen.using IPv6 a\n+00020440: 6464 7265 7373 6573 2077 6974 6820 6375 ddresses with cu\n+00020450: 7374 6f6d 2070 6f72 7473 2c20 7468 6520 stom ports, the \n+00020460: 6164 6472 6573 7365 7320 6d75 7374 2062 addresses must b\n+00020470: 6520 656e 636c 6f73 6564 0a77 6974 6820 e enclosed.with \n+00020480: 7371 7561 7265 2062 7261 636b 6574 7320 square brackets \n+00020490: 28e2 8098 5b5d e280 9929 2c20 6173 2069 (...[]...), as i\n+000204a0: 7320 7374 616e 6461 7264 2070 7261 6374 s standard pract\n+000204b0: 6963 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2028 6874 7470 ice... (http\n+000204c0: 2c67 7275 622e 6578 616d 706c 652e 636f ,grub.example.co\n+000204d0: 6d3a 3331 3333 3729 0a20 2020 2020 2868 m:31337). (h\n+000204e0: 7474 702c 3139 322e 302e 322e 313a 3333 ttp,192.0.2.1:33\n+000204f0: 3929 0a20 2020 2020 2868 7474 702c 5b32 9). (http,[2\n+00020500: 3030 313a 6462 383a 3a31 5d3a 3131 3233 001:db8::1]:1123\n+00020510: 3529 0a0a 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 626f 5).. If you bo\n+00020520: 6f74 2047 5255 4220 6672 6f6d 2061 2043 ot GRUB from a C\n+00020530: 442d 524f 4d2c 20e2 8098 2863 6429 e280 D-ROM, ...(cd)..\n+00020540: 9920 6973 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2e20 . is available. \n+00020550: 202a 4e6f 7465 204d 616b 696e 6720 610a *Note Making a.\n+00020560: 4752 5542 2062 6f6f 7461 626c 6520 4344 GRUB bootable CD\n+00020570: 2d52 4f4d 3a3a 2c20 666f 7220 6465 7461 -ROM::, for deta\n+00020580: 696c 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ils.....File: gr\n+00020590: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+000205a0: 4669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 7379 6e74 6178 File name syntax\n+000205b0: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2042 6c6f 636b 206c , Next: Block l\n+000205c0: 6973 7420 7379 6e74 6178 2c20 2050 7265 ist syntax, Pre\n+000205d0: 763a 2044 6576 6963 6520 7379 6e74 6178 v: Device syntax\n+000205e0: 2c20 2055 703a 2046 696c 6573 7973 7465 , Up: Filesyste\n+000205f0: 6d0a 0a31 332e 3220 486f 7720 746f 2073 m..13.2 How to s\n+00020600: 7065 6369 6679 2066 696c 6573 0a3d 3d3d pecify files.===\n+00020610: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00020620: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6572 6520 6172 ======..There ar\n+00020630: 6520 7477 6f20 7761 7973 2074 6f20 7370 e two ways to sp\n+00020640: 6563 6966 7920 6669 6c65 732c 2062 7920 ecify files, by \n+00020650: e280 9c61 6273 6f6c 7574 6520 6669 6c65 ...absolute file\n+00020660: 206e 616d 65e2 809d 2061 6e64 2062 790a name... and by.\n+00020670: e280 9c62 6c6f 636b 206c 6973 74e2 809d ...block list...\n+00020680: 2e0a 0a20 2020 416e 2061 6273 6f6c 7574 ... An absolut\n+00020690: 6520 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 7265 7365 e file name rese\n+000206a0: 6d62 6c65 7320 6120 556e 6978 2061 6273 mbles a Unix abs\n+000206b0: 6f6c 7574 6520 6669 6c65 206e 616d 652c olute file name,\n+000206c0: 2075 7369 6e67 20e2 8098 2fe2 8099 0a66 using .../....f\n+000206d0: 6f72 2074 6865 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 or the directory\n+000206e0: 2073 6570 6172 6174 6f72 2028 6e6f 7420 separator (not \n+000206f0: e280 985c e280 9920 6173 2069 6e20 444f ...\\... as in DO\n+00020700: 5329 2e20 4f6e 6520 6578 616d 706c 6520 S). One example \n+00020710: 6973 0ae2 8098 2868 6430 2c31 292f 626f is....(hd0,1)/bo\n+00020720: 6f74 2f67 7275 622f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 ot/grub/grub.cfg\n+00020730: e280 992e 2020 5468 6973 206d 6561 6e73 .... This means\n+00020740: 2074 6865 2066 696c 6520 e280 982f 626f the file .../bo\n+00020750: 6f74 2f67 7275 622f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 ot/grub/grub.cfg\n+00020760: e280 990a 696e 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 ....in the first\n+00020770: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 partition of th\n+00020780: 6520 6669 7273 7420 6861 7264 2064 6973 e first hard dis\n+00020790: 6b2e 2020 4966 2079 6f75 206f 6d69 7420 k. If you omit \n+000207a0: 7468 6520 6465 7669 6365 0a6e 616d 6520 the device.name \n+000207b0: 696e 2061 6e20 6162 736f 6c75 7465 2066 in an absolute f\n+000207c0: 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 2c20 4752 5542 2075 ile name, GRUB u\n+000207d0: 7365 7320 4752 5542 2773 20e2 809c 726f ses GRUB's ...ro\n+000207e0: 6f74 2064 6576 6963 65e2 809d 0a69 6d70 ot device....imp\n+000207f0: 6c69 6369 746c 792e 2020 536f 2069 6620 licitly. So if \n+00020800: 796f 7520 7365 7420 7468 6520 726f 6f74 you set the root\n+00020810: 2064 6576 6963 6520 746f 2c20 7361 792c device to, say,\n+00020820: 20e2 8098 2868 6431 2c31 29e2 8099 2062 ...(hd1,1)... b\n+00020830: 7920 7468 650a 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 y the.command ..\n+00020840: 9873 6574 2072 6f6f 743d 2868 6431 2c31 .set root=(hd1,1\n+00020850: 29e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 7365 743a )... (*note set:\n+00020860: 3a29 2c20 7468 656e 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f :), then .../boo\n+00020870: 742f 6b65 726e 656c e280 9920 6973 2074 t/kernel... is t\n+00020880: 6865 0a73 616d 6520 6173 20e2 8098 2868 he.same as ...(h\n+00020890: 6431 2c31 292f 626f 6f74 2f6b 6572 6e65 d1,1)/boot/kerne\n+000208a0: 6ce2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 4f6e 205a 4653 l...... On ZFS\n+000208b0: 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 7468 6520 filesystem the \n+000208c0: 6669 7273 7420 7061 7468 2063 6f6d 706f first path compo\n+000208d0: 6e65 6e74 206d 7573 7420 6265 0a56 4f4c nent must be.VOL\n+000208e0: 554d 45e2 8098 40e2 8099 5b53 4e41 5053 UME...@...[SNAPS\n+000208f0: 484f 545d 2e20 2053 6f20 e280 982f 726f HOT]. So .../ro\n+00020900: 6f74 766f 6c40 736e 6170 2d31 3239 2f62 otvol@snap-129/b\n+00020910: 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 2f67 7275 622e 6366 oot/grub/grub.cf\n+00020920: 67e2 8099 2072 6566 6572 730a 746f 2066 g... refers.to f\n+00020930: 696c 6520 e280 982f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 ile .../boot/gru\n+00020940: 622f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 e280 9920 696e b/grub.cfg... in\n+00020950: 2073 6e61 7073 686f 7420 6f66 2076 6f6c snapshot of vol\n+00020960: 756d 6520 e280 9872 6f6f 7476 6f6c e280 ume ...rootvol..\n+00020970: 9920 7769 7468 206e 616d 650a e280 9873 . with name....s\n+00020980: 6e61 702d 3132 39e2 8099 2e20 2054 7261 nap-129.... Tra\n+00020990: 696c 696e 6720 e280 9840 e280 9920 6166 iling ...@... af\n+000209a0: 7465 7220 766f 6c75 6d65 206e 616d 6520 ter volume name \n+000209b0: 6973 206d 616e 6461 746f 7279 2065 7665 is mandatory eve\n+000209c0: 6e20 6966 0a73 6e61 7073 686f 7420 6e61 n if.snapshot na\n+000209d0: 6d65 2069 7320 6f6d 6974 7465 642e 0a0a me is omitted...\n+000209e0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+000209f0: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 426c 6f63 6b20 o, Node: Block \n+00020a00: 6c69 7374 2073 796e 7461 782c 2020 5072 list syntax, Pr\n+00020a10: 6576 3a20 4669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 7379 ev: File name sy\n+00020a20: 6e74 6178 2c20 2055 703a 2046 696c 6573 ntax, Up: Files\n+00020a30: 7973 7465 6d0a 0a31 332e 3320 486f 7720 ystem..13.3 How \n+00020a40: 746f 2073 7065 6369 6679 2062 6c6f 636b to specify block\n+00020a50: 206c 6973 7473 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d lists.=========\n 00020a60: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00020a70: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a ==============..\n-00020a80: 4120 626c 6f63 6b20 6c69 7374 2069 7320 A block list is \n-00020a90: 7573 6564 2066 6f72 2073 7065 6369 6679 used for specify\n-00020aa0: 696e 6720 6120 6669 6c65 2074 6861 7420 ing a file that \n-00020ab0: 646f 6573 6e27 7420 6170 7065 6172 2069 doesn't appear i\n-00020ac0: 6e20 7468 650a 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d n the.filesystem\n-00020ad0: 2c20 6c69 6b65 2061 2063 6861 696e 6c6f , like a chainlo\n-00020ae0: 6164 6572 2e20 2054 6865 2073 796e 7461 ader. The synta\n-00020af0: 7820 6973 0ae2 8098 5b4f 4646 5345 545d x is....[OFFSET]\n-00020b00: 2b5b 4c45 4e47 5448 5d5b 2c5b 4f46 4653 +[LENGTH][,[OFFS\n-00020b10: 4554 5d2b 5b4c 454e 4754 485d 5d2e 2e2e ET]+[LENGTH]]...\n-00020b20: e280 992e 2020 4865 7265 2069 7320 616e .... Here is an\n-00020b30: 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 example:.. \n-00020b40: 302b 3130 302c 3230 302b 312c 3330 302b 0+100,200+1,300+\n-00020b50: 3330 302c 3830 302b 0a0a 2020 2054 6869 300,800+.. Thi\n-00020b60: 7320 7265 7072 6573 656e 7473 2074 6861 s represents tha\n-00020b70: 7420 4752 5542 2073 686f 756c 6420 7265 t GRUB should re\n-00020b80: 6164 2062 6c6f 636b 7320 3020 7468 726f ad blocks 0 thro\n-00020b90: 7567 6820 3939 2c20 626c 6f63 6b20 3230 ugh 99, block 20\n-00020ba0: 302c 0a62 6c6f 636b 7320 3330 3020 7468 0,.blocks 300 th\n-00020bb0: 726f 7567 6820 3539 392c 2061 6e64 2062 rough 599, and b\n-00020bc0: 6c6f 636b 7320 3830 3020 756e 7469 6c20 locks 800 until \n-00020bd0: 7468 6520 656e 6420 6f66 2074 6865 2064 the end of the d\n-00020be0: 6576 6963 652e 2020 4966 0a79 6f75 206f evice. If.you o\n-00020bf0: 6d69 7420 616e 206f 6666 7365 742c 2074 mit an offset, t\n-00020c00: 6865 6e20 4752 5542 2061 7373 756d 6573 hen GRUB assumes\n-00020c10: 2074 6865 206f 6666 7365 7420 6973 207a the offset is z\n-00020c20: 6572 6f2e 2020 4966 2074 6865 206c 656e ero. If the len\n-00020c30: 6774 680a 6973 206f 6d69 7474 6564 2c20 gth.is omitted, \n-00020c40: 7468 656e 2047 5255 4220 6173 7375 6d65 then GRUB assume\n-00020c50: 7320 7468 6520 626c 6f63 6b20 6c69 7374 s the block list\n-00020c60: 2065 7874 656e 6473 2075 6e74 696c 2074 extends until t\n-00020c70: 6865 2065 6e64 206f 660a 7468 6520 6465 he end of.the de\n-00020c80: 7669 6365 2e0a 0a20 2020 4c69 6b65 2074 vice... Like t\n-00020c90: 6865 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 2073 796e he file name syn\n-00020ca0: 7461 7820 282a 6e6f 7465 2046 696c 6520 tax (*note File \n-00020cb0: 6e61 6d65 2073 796e 7461 783a 3a29 2c20 name syntax::), \n-00020cc0: 6966 2061 2062 6c6f 636b 6c69 7374 0a64 if a blocklist.d\n-00020cd0: 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 636f 6e74 6169 6e20 oes not contain \n-00020ce0: 6120 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 652c 2074 a device name, t\n-00020cf0: 6865 6e20 4752 5542 2075 7365 7320 4752 hen GRUB uses GR\n-00020d00: 5542 2773 20e2 809c 726f 6f74 2064 6576 UB's ...root dev\n-00020d10: 6963 65e2 809d 2e20 2053 6f0a e280 9828 ice.... So....(\n-00020d20: 6864 302c 3229 2b31 e280 9920 6973 2074 hd0,2)+1... is t\n-00020d30: 6865 2073 616d 6520 6173 20e2 8098 2b31 he same as ...+1\n-00020d40: e280 9920 7768 656e 2074 6865 2072 6f6f ... when the roo\n-00020d50: 7420 6465 7669 6365 2069 7320 e280 9828 t device is ...(\n-00020d60: 6864 302c 3229 e280 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 hd0,2)........Fi\n-00020d70: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-00020d80: 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e 7465 7266 6163 652c Node: Interface,\n-00020d90: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 456e 7669 726f 6e6d Next: Environm\n-00020da0: 656e 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4669 6c65 ent, Prev: File\n-00020db0: 7379 7374 656d 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 system, Up: Top\n-00020dc0: 0a0a 3134 2047 5255 4227 7320 7573 6572 ..14 GRUB's user\n-00020dd0: 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a interface.*****\n-00020de0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-00020df0: 2a2a 2a0a 0a47 5255 4220 6861 7320 626f ***..GRUB has bo\n-00020e00: 7468 2061 2073 696d 706c 6520 6d65 6e75 th a simple menu\n-00020e10: 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2066 6f72 2063 interface for c\n-00020e20: 686f 6f73 696e 6720 7072 6573 6574 2065 hoosing preset e\n-00020e30: 6e74 7269 6573 2066 726f 6d20 610a 636f ntries from a.co\n-00020e40: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 nfiguration file\n-00020e50: 2c20 616e 6420 6120 6869 6768 6c79 2066 , and a highly f\n-00020e60: 6c65 7869 626c 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d lexible command-\n-00020e70: 6c69 6e65 2066 6f72 2070 6572 666f 726d line for perform\n-00020e80: 696e 670a 616e 7920 6465 7369 7265 6420 ing.any desired \n-00020e90: 636f 6d62 696e 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2062 combination of b\n-00020ea0: 6f6f 7420 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2e0a 0a20 oot commands... \n-00020eb0: 2020 4752 5542 206c 6f6f 6b73 2066 6f72 GRUB looks for\n-00020ec0: 2069 7473 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 its configurati\n-00020ed0: 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 6173 2073 6f6f 6e20 on file as soon \n-00020ee0: 6173 2069 7420 6973 206c 6f61 6465 642e as it is loaded.\n-00020ef0: 2020 4966 0a6f 6e65 2069 7320 666f 756e If.one is foun\n-00020f00: 642c 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6520 6675 6c6c d, then the full\n-00020f10: 206d 656e 7520 696e 7465 7266 6163 6520 menu interface \n-00020f20: 6973 2061 6374 6976 6174 6564 2075 7369 is activated usi\n-00020f30: 6e67 2077 6861 7465 7665 720a 656e 7472 ng whatever.entr\n-00020f40: 6965 7320 7765 7265 2066 6f75 6e64 2069 ies were found i\n-00020f50: 6e20 7468 6520 6669 6c65 2e20 2049 6620 n the file. If \n-00020f60: 796f 7520 6368 6f6f 7365 2074 6865 20e2 you choose the .\n-00020f70: 809c 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 e280 ..command-line..\n-00020f80: 9d20 6d65 6e75 0a6f 7074 696f 6e2c 206f . menu.option, o\n-00020f90: 7220 6966 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 r if the configu\n-00020fa0: 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 7761 7320 ration file was \n-00020fb0: 6e6f 7420 666f 756e 642c 2074 6865 6e20 not found, then \n-00020fc0: 4752 5542 2064 726f 7073 2074 6f0a 7468 GRUB drops to.th\n-00020fd0: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2069 e command-line i\n-00020fe0: 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2e0a 0a2a 204d 656e nterface...* Men\n-00020ff0: 753a 0a0a 2a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 u:..* Command-li\n-00021000: 6e65 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 3a3a 2020 ne interface:: \n-00021010: 2020 2020 5468 6520 666c 6578 6962 6c65 The flexible\n-00021020: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 696e command-line in\n-00021030: 7465 7266 6163 650a 2a20 4d65 6e75 2069 terface.* Menu i\n-00021040: 6e74 6572 6661 6365 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 nterface:: \n-00021050: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 7369 6d70 The simp\n-00021060: 6c65 206d 656e 7520 696e 7465 7266 6163 le menu interfac\n-00021070: 650a 2a20 4d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 2065 e.* Menu entry e\n-00021080: 6469 746f 723a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ditor:: \n-00021090: 2020 4564 6974 696e 6720 6120 6d65 6e75 Editing a menu\n-000210a0: 2065 6e74 7279 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 entry....File: \n-000210b0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-000210c0: 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2069 : Command-line i\n-000210d0: 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2c20 204e 6578 743a nterface, Next:\n-000210e0: 204d 656e 7520 696e 7465 7266 6163 652c Menu interface,\n-000210f0: 2020 5570 3a20 496e 7465 7266 6163 650a Up: Interface.\n-00021100: 0a31 342e 3120 5468 6520 666c 6578 6962 .14.1 The flexib\n-00021110: 6c65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 le command-line \n-00021120: 696e 7465 7266 6163 650a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d interface.======\n+00020a70: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4120 626c 6f63 6b20 ======..A block \n+00020a80: 6c69 7374 2069 7320 7573 6564 2066 6f72 list is used for\n+00020a90: 2073 7065 6369 6679 696e 6720 6120 6669 specifying a fi\n+00020aa0: 6c65 2074 6861 7420 646f 6573 6e27 7420 le that doesn't \n+00020ab0: 6170 7065 6172 2069 6e20 7468 650a 6669 appear in the.fi\n+00020ac0: 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2c20 6c69 6b65 2061 lesystem, like a\n+00020ad0: 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 2e20 2054 chainloader. T\n+00020ae0: 6865 2073 796e 7461 7820 6973 0ae2 8098 he syntax is....\n+00020af0: 5b4f 4646 5345 545d 2b5b 4c45 4e47 5448 [OFFSET]+[LENGTH\n+00020b00: 5d5b 2c5b 4f46 4653 4554 5d2b 5b4c 454e ][,[OFFSET]+[LEN\n+00020b10: 4754 485d 5d2e 2e2e e280 992e 2020 4865 GTH]]....... He\n+00020b20: 7265 2069 7320 616e 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 re is an example\n+00020b30: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 302b 3130 302c 3230 :.. 0+100,20\n+00020b40: 302b 312c 3330 302b 3330 302c 3830 302b 0+1,300+300,800+\n+00020b50: 0a0a 2020 2054 6869 7320 7265 7072 6573 .. 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D\n-00021450: 656c 6574 6520 7468 6520 6368 6172 6163 elete the charac\n-00021460: 7465 7220 746f 2074 6865 206c 6566 7420 ter to the left \n-00021470: 6f66 2074 6865 2063 7572 736f 722e 0a0a of the cursor...\n-00021480: 3c43 2d6b 3e0a 2020 2020 204b 696c 6c20 . Kill \n-00021490: 7468 6520 7465 7874 2066 726f 6d20 7468 the text from th\n-000214a0: 6520 6375 7272 656e 7420 6375 7273 6f72 e current cursor\n-000214b0: 2070 6f73 6974 696f 6e20 746f 2074 6865 position to the\n-000214c0: 2065 6e64 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 end of the. \n-000214d0: 206c 696e 652e 0a0a 3c43 2d75 3e0a 2020 line.... \n-000214e0: 2020 204b 696c 6c20 6261 636b 7761 7264 Kill backward\n-000214f0: 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 6375 7273 6f72 from the cursor\n-00021500: 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6265 6769 6e6e 696e to the beginnin\n-00021510: 6720 6f66 2074 6865 206c 696e 652e 0a0a g of the line...\n-00021520: 3c43 2d79 3e0a 2020 2020 2059 616e 6b20 . 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Note \n-00021740: 7468 6174 0a74 6f20 6f62 7461 696e 2061 that.to obtain a\n-00021750: 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2064 7269 7665 732c list of drives,\n-00021760: 206f 6e65 206d 7573 7420 6f70 656e 2061 one must open a\n-00021770: 2070 6172 656e 7468 6573 6973 2c20 6173 parenthesis, as\n-00021780: 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 2028 e280 992e 0a0a ...root (......\n-00021790: 2020 204e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2079 6f75 Note that you\n-000217a0: 2063 616e 6e6f 7420 7573 6520 7468 6520 cannot use the \n-000217b0: 636f 6d70 6c65 7469 6f6e 2066 756e 6374 completion funct\n-000217c0: 696f 6e61 6c69 7479 2069 6e20 7468 6520 ionality in the \n-000217d0: 5446 5450 0a66 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d2e TFTP.filesystem.\n-000217e0: 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 6265 6361 7573 This is becaus\n-000217f0: 6520 5446 5450 2064 6f65 736e 2774 2073 e TFTP doesn't s\n-00021800: 7570 706f 7274 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 upport file name\n-00021810: 206c 6973 7469 6e67 2066 6f72 0a74 6865 listing for.the\n-00021820: 2073 6563 7572 6974 792e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 security.....Fi\n-00021830: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-00021840: 4e6f 6465 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 Node: Command-li\n-00021850: 6e65 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2d46 6f6f ne interface-Foo\n-00021860: 746e 6f74 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d tnotes, Up: Com\n-00021870: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 696e 7465 7266 mand-line interf\n-00021880: 6163 650a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 486f 7765 ace.. (1) Howe\n-00021890: 7665 722c 2074 6869 7320 6265 6861 7669 ver, this behavi\n-000218a0: 6f72 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2063 6861 6e67 or will be chang\n-000218b0: 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6675 7475 7265 ed in the future\n-000218c0: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2c20 696e 0a61 2075 version, in.a u\n-000218d0: 7365 722d 696e 7669 7369 626c 6520 7761 ser-invisible wa\n-000218e0: 792e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 y.....File: grub\n-000218f0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d65 .info, Node: Me\n-00021900: 6e75 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2c20 204e nu interface, N\n-00021910: 6578 743a 204d 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 ext: Menu entry \n-00021920: 6564 6974 6f72 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2043 editor, Prev: C\n-00021930: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 696e 7465 ommand-line inte\n-00021940: 7266 6163 652c 2020 5570 3a20 496e 7465 rface, Up: Inte\n-00021950: 7266 6163 650a 0a31 342e 3220 5468 6520 rface..14.2 The \n-00021960: 7369 6d70 6c65 206d 656e 7520 696e 7465 simple menu inte\n-00021970: 7266 6163 650a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d rface.==========\n-00021980: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00021990: 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 6d65 6e75 2069 ====..The menu i\n-000219a0: 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2069 7320 7175 6974 nterface is quit\n-000219b0: 6520 6561 7379 2074 6f20 7573 652e 2020 e easy to use. \n-000219c0: 4974 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2061 7265 Its commands are\n-000219d0: 2062 6f74 680a 7265 6173 6f6e 6162 6c79 both.reasonably\n-000219e0: 2069 6e74 7569 7469 7665 2061 6e64 2064 intuitive and d\n-000219f0: 6573 6372 6962 6564 206f 6e20 7363 7265 escribed on scre\n-00021a00: 656e 2e0a 0a20 2020 4261 7369 6361 6c6c en... Basicall\n-00021a10: 792c 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 696e 7465 y, the menu inte\n-00021a20: 7266 6163 6520 7072 6f76 6964 6573 2061 rface provides a\n-00021a30: 206c 6973 7420 6f66 20e2 809c 626f 6f74 list of ...boot\n-00021a40: 2065 6e74 7269 6573 e280 9d20 746f 0a74 entries... to.t\n-00021a50: 6865 2075 7365 7220 746f 2063 686f 6f73 he user to choos\n-00021a60: 6520 6672 6f6d 2e20 2055 7365 2074 6865 e from. Use the\n-00021a70: 2061 7272 6f77 206b 6579 7320 746f 2073 arrow keys to s\n-00021a80: 656c 6563 7420 7468 6520 656e 7472 7920 elect the entry \n-00021a90: 6f66 0a63 686f 6963 652c 2074 6865 6e20 of.choice, then \n-00021aa0: 7072 6573 7320 3c52 4554 3e20 746f 2072 press to r\n-00021ab0: 756e 2069 742e 2020 416e 206f 7074 696f un it. An optio\n-00021ac0: 6e61 6c20 7469 6d65 6f75 7420 6973 2061 nal timeout is a\n-00021ad0: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2074 6f0a 626f 6f74 vailable to.boot\n-00021ae0: 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2065 6e74 the default ent\n-00021af0: 7279 2028 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 6f6e ry (the first on\n-00021b00: 6520 6966 206e 6f74 2073 6574 292c 2077 e if not set), w\n-00021b10: 6869 6368 2069 7320 6162 6f72 7465 6420 hich is aborted \n-00021b20: 6279 0a70 7265 7373 696e 6720 616e 7920 by.pressing any \n-00021b30: 6b65 792e 0a0a 2020 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 key... Command\n-00021b40: 7320 6172 6520 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 s are available \n-00021b50: 746f 2065 6e74 6572 2061 2062 6172 6520 to enter a bare \n-00021b60: 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2062 7920 command-line by \n-00021b70: 7072 6573 7369 6e67 203c 633e 0a28 7768 pressing .(wh\n-00021b80: 6963 6820 6f70 6572 6174 6573 2065 7861 ich operates exa\n-00021b90: 6374 6c79 206c 696b 6520 7468 6520 6e6f ctly like the no\n-00021ba0: 6e2d 636f 6e66 6967 2d66 696c 6520 7665 n-config-file ve\n-00021bb0: 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 2047 5255 422c 2062 rsion of GRUB, b\n-00021bc0: 7574 0a61 6c6c 6f77 7320 6f6e 6520 746f ut.allows one to\n-00021bd0: 2072 6574 7572 6e20 746f 2074 6865 206d return to the m\n-00021be0: 656e 7520 6966 2064 6573 6972 6564 2062 enu if desired b\n-00021bf0: 7920 7072 6573 7369 6e67 203c 4553 433e y pressing \n-00021c00: 2920 6f72 2074 6f0a 6564 6974 2061 6e79 ) or to.edit any\n-00021c10: 206f 6620 7468 6520 e280 9c62 6f6f 7420 of the ...boot \n-00021c20: 656e 7472 6965 73e2 809d 2062 7920 7072 entries... by pr\n-00021c30: 6573 7369 6e67 203c 653e 2e0a 0a20 2020 essing ... \n-00021c40: 4966 2079 6f75 2070 726f 7465 6374 2074 If you protect t\n-00021c50: 6865 206d 656e 7520 696e 7465 7266 6163 he menu interfac\n-00021c60: 6520 7769 7468 2061 2070 6173 7377 6f72 e with a passwor\n-00021c70: 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 2053 6563 7572 6974 d (*note Securit\n-00021c80: 793a 3a29 2c0a 616c 6c20 796f 7520 6361 y::),.all you ca\n-00021c90: 6e20 646f 2069 7320 6368 6f6f 7365 2061 n do is choose a\n-00021ca0: 6e20 656e 7472 7920 6279 2070 7265 7373 n entry by press\n-00021cb0: 696e 6720 3c52 4554 3e2c 206f 7220 7072 ing , or pr\n-00021cc0: 6573 7320 3c70 3e20 746f 0a65 6e74 6572 ess

to.enter\n-00021cd0: 2074 6865 2070 6173 7377 6f72 642e 0a0a the password...\n-00021ce0: 2020 2050 7265 7373 696e 6720 3c43 7472 Pressing will refres\n-00021d00: 6820 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2c20 7768 6963 h the menu, whic\n-00021d10: 6820 6361 6e20 6265 2075 7365 6675 6c20 h can be useful \n-00021d20: 7768 656e 0a63 6f6e 6e65 6374 696e 6720 when.connecting \n-00021d30: 7669 6120 7365 7269 616c 2061 6674 6572 via serial after\n-00021d40: 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 6861 7320 6265 the menu has be\n-00021d50: 656e 2064 7261 776e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c en drawn.....Fil\n-00021d60: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-00021d70: 6f64 653a 204d 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 ode: Menu entry \n-00021d80: 6564 6974 6f72 2c20 2050 7265 763a 204d editor, Prev: M\n-00021d90: 656e 7520 696e 7465 7266 6163 652c 2020 enu interface, \n-00021da0: 5570 3a20 496e 7465 7266 6163 650a 0a31 Up: Interface..1\n-00021db0: 342e 3320 4564 6974 696e 6720 6120 6d65 4.3 Editing a me\n-00021dc0: 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d nu entry.=======\n-00021dd0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00021de0: 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 ==..The menu ent\n-00021df0: 7279 2065 6469 746f 7220 6c6f 6f6b 7320 ry editor looks \n-00021e00: 6d75 6368 206c 696b 6520 7468 6520 6d61 much like the ma\n-00021e10: 696e 206d 656e 7520 696e 7465 7266 6163 in menu interfac\n-00021e20: 652c 2062 7574 2074 6865 0a6c 696e 6573 e, but the.lines\n-00021e30: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2061 7265 in the menu are\n-00021e40: 2069 6e64 6976 6964 7561 6c20 636f 6d6d individual comm\n-00021e50: 616e 6473 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7365 6c65 ands in the sele\n-00021e60: 6374 6564 2065 6e74 7279 2069 6e73 7465 cted entry inste\n-00021e70: 6164 0a6f 6620 656e 7472 7920 6e61 6d65 ad.of entry name\n-00021e80: 732e 0a0a 2020 2049 6620 616e 203c 4553 s... If an is pressed in\n-00021ea0: 2074 6865 2065 6469 746f 722c 2069 7420 the editor, it \n-00021eb0: 6162 6f72 7473 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 2063 aborts all the c\n-00021ec0: 6861 6e67 6573 206d 6164 650a 746f 2074 hanges made.to t\n-00021ed0: 6865 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e he configuration\n-00021ee0: 2065 6e74 7279 2061 6e64 2072 6574 7572 entry and retur\n-00021ef0: 6e73 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6d61 696e 206d ns to the main m\n-00021f00: 656e 7520 696e 7465 7266 6163 652e 0a0a enu interface...\n-00021f10: 2020 2045 6163 6820 6c69 6e65 2069 6e20 Each line in \n-00021f20: 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 2063 the menu entry c\n-00021f30: 616e 2062 6520 6564 6974 6564 2066 7265 an be edited fre\n-00021f40: 656c 792c 2061 6e64 2079 6f75 2063 616e ely, and you can\n-00021f50: 2061 6464 206e 6577 0a6c 696e 6573 2062 add new.lines b\n-00021f60: 7920 7072 6573 7369 6e67 203c 5245 543e y pressing \n-00021f70: 2061 7420 7468 6520 656e 6420 6f66 2061 at the end of a\n-00021f80: 206c 696e 652e 2020 546f 2062 6f6f 7420 line. To boot \n-00021f90: 7468 6520 6564 6974 6564 2065 6e74 7279 the edited entry\n-00021fa0: 2c0a 7072 6573 7320 3c43 7472 6c2d 783e ,.press \n-00021fb0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 416c 7468 6f75 6768 2047 ... Although G\n-00021fc0: 5255 4220 756e 666f 7274 756e 6174 656c RUB unfortunatel\n-00021fd0: 7920 646f 6573 206e 6f74 2073 7570 706f y does not suppo\n-00021fe0: 7274 20e2 809c 756e 646f e280 9d2c 2079 rt ...undo..., y\n-00021ff0: 6f75 2063 616e 2064 6f0a 616c 6d6f 7374 ou can do.almost\n-00022000: 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 7468 696e 6720 the same thing \n-00022010: 6279 206a 7573 7420 7265 7475 726e 696e by just returnin\n-00022020: 6720 746f 2074 6865 206d 6169 6e20 6d65 g to the main me\n-00022030: 6e75 2075 7369 6e67 203c 4553 433e 2e0a nu using ..\n-00022040: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-00022050: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2045 6e76 6972 fo, Node: Envir\n-00022060: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2c20 204e 6578 743a 204d onment, Next: M\n-00022070: 6f64 756c 6573 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2049 odules, Prev: I\n-00022080: 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2c20 2055 703a 2054 nterface, Up: T\n-00022090: 6f70 0a0a 3135 2047 5255 4220 656e 7669 op..15 GRUB envi\n-000220a0: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ronment variable\n-000220b0: 730a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a s.**************\n-000220c0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a ***************.\n-000220d0: 0a47 5255 4220 7375 7070 6f72 7473 2065 .GRUB supports e\n-000220e0: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n-000220f0: 626c 6573 2077 6869 6368 2061 7265 2072 bles which are r\n-00022100: 6174 6865 7220 6c69 6b65 2074 686f 7365 ather like those\n-00022110: 206f 6666 6572 6564 0a62 7920 616c 6c20 offered.by all \n-00022120: 556e 6978 2d6c 696b 6520 7379 7374 656d Unix-like system\n-00022130: 732e 2020 456e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 s. Environment \n-00022140: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 6861 7665 2061 variables have a\n-00022150: 206e 616d 652c 2077 6869 6368 2069 730a name, which is.\n-00022160: 756e 6971 7565 2061 6e64 2069 7320 7573 unique and is us\n-00022170: 7561 6c6c 7920 6120 7368 6f72 7420 6964 ually a short id\n-00022180: 656e 7469 6669 6572 2c20 616e 6420 6120 entifier, and a \n-00022190: 7661 6c75 652c 2077 6869 6368 2069 7320 value, which is \n-000221a0: 616e 0a61 7262 6974 7261 7279 2073 7472 an.arbitrary str\n-000221b0: 696e 6720 6f66 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 ing of character\n-000221c0: 732e 2020 5468 6579 206d 6179 2062 6520 s. They may be \n-000221d0: 7365 7420 282a 6e6f 7465 2073 6574 3a3a set (*note set::\n-000221e0: 292c 2075 6e73 6574 0a28 2a6e 6f74 6520 ), unset.(*note \n-000221f0: 756e 7365 743a 3a29 2c20 6f72 206c 6f6f unset::), or loo\n-00022200: 6b65 6420 7570 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 5368 ked up (*note Sh\n-00022210: 656c 6c2d 6c69 6b65 2073 6372 6970 7469 ell-like scripti\n-00022220: 6e67 3a3a 2920 6279 206e 616d 652e 0a0a ng::) by name...\n-00022230: 2020 2041 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2065 A number of e\n-00022240: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n-00022250: 626c 6573 2068 6176 6520 7370 6563 6961 bles have specia\n-00022260: 6c20 6d65 616e 696e 6773 2074 6f20 7661 l meanings to va\n-00022270: 7269 6f75 730a 7061 7274 7320 6f66 2047 rious.parts of G\n-00022280: 5255 422e 204f 7468 6572 7320 6d61 7920 RUB. Others may \n-00022290: 6265 2075 7365 6420 6672 6565 6c79 2069 be used freely i\n-000222a0: 6e20 4752 5542 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 n GRUB configura\n-000222b0: 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6573 2e0a 0a2a 204d tion files...* M\n-000222c0: 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 enu:..* Special \n-000222d0: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n-000222e0: 6162 6c65 733a 3a0a 2a20 456e 7669 726f ables::.* Enviro\n-000222f0: 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 6b3a 3a0a 0a1f nment block::...\n-00022300: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-00022310: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2053 7065 6369 616c , Node: Special\n-00022320: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n-00022330: 6961 626c 6573 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2045 iables, Next: E\n-00022340: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b nvironment block\n-00022350: 2c20 2055 703a 2045 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 , Up: Environme\n-00022360: 6e74 0a0a 3135 2e31 2053 7065 6369 616c nt..15.1 Special\n-00022370: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n-00022380: 6961 626c 6573 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d iables.=========\n+00021140: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 ==========..The \n+00021150: 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2069 6e74 command-line int\n+00021160: 6572 6661 6365 2070 726f 7669 6465 7320 erface provides \n+00021170: 6120 7072 6f6d 7074 2061 6e64 2061 6674 a prompt and aft\n+00021180: 6572 2069 7420 616e 2065 6469 7461 626c er it an editabl\n+00021190: 650a 7465 7874 2061 7265 6120 6d75 6368 e.text area much\n+000211a0: 206c 696b 6520 6120 636f 6d6d 616e 642d like a command-\n+000211b0: 6c69 6e65 2069 6e20 556e 6978 206f 7220 line in Unix or \n+000211c0: 444f 532e 2045 6163 6820 636f 6d6d 616e DOS. Each comman\n+000211d0: 6420 6973 0a69 6d6d 6564 6961 7465 6c79 d is.immediately\n+000211e0: 2065 7865 6375 7465 6420 6166 7465 7220 executed after \n+000211f0: 6974 2069 7320 656e 7465 7265 6428 3129 it is entered(1)\n+00021200: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 436f 6d6d 616e 642d (*note Command-\n+00021210: 6c69 6e65 0a69 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2d46 line.interface-F\n+00021220: 6f6f 746e 6f74 652d 313a 3a29 2e20 2054 ootnote-1::). 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Move forw\n+00021350: 6172 6420 6f6e 6520 6368 6172 6163 7465 ard one characte\n+00021360: 722e 0a0a 3c43 2d62 3e0a 3c50 4320 6c65 r..... Mov\n+00021380: 6520 6261 636b 206f 6e65 2063 6861 7261 e back one chara\n+00021390: 6374 6572 2e0a 0a3c 432d 613e 0a3c 484f cter..... Move to\n+000213b0: 2074 6865 2073 7461 7274 206f 6620 7468 the start of th\n+000213c0: 6520 6c69 6e65 2e0a 0a3c 432d 653e 0a3c e line....<\n+000213d0: 454e 443e 0a20 2020 2020 4d6f 7665 2074 END>. Move t\n+000213e0: 6865 2074 6865 2065 6e64 206f 6620 7468 he the end of th\n+000213f0: 6520 6c69 6e65 2e0a 0a3c 432d 643e 0a3c e line....<\n+00021400: 4445 4c3e 0a20 2020 2020 4465 6c65 7465 DEL>. Delete\n+00021410: 2074 6865 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 2075 the character u\n+00021420: 6e64 6572 6e65 6174 6820 7468 6520 6375 nderneath the cu\n+00021430: 7273 6f72 2e0a 0a3c 432d 683e 0a3c 4253 rsor..... Delete th\n+00021450: 6520 6368 6172 6163 7465 7220 746f 2074 e character to t\n+00021460: 6865 206c 6566 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2063 he left of the c\n+00021470: 7572 736f 722e 0a0a 3c43 2d6b 3e0a 2020 ursor.... \n+00021480: 2020 204b 696c 6c20 7468 6520 7465 7874 Kill the text\n+00021490: 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 6375 7272 656e from the curren\n+000214a0: 7420 6375 7273 6f72 2070 6f73 6974 696f t cursor positio\n+000214b0: 6e20 746f 2074 6865 2065 6e64 206f 6620 n to the end of \n+000214c0: 7468 650a 2020 2020 206c 696e 652e 0a0a the. line...\n+000214d0: 3c43 2d75 3e0a 2020 2020 204b 696c 6c20 . 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When typ\n+000215e0: 696e 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2069 6e74 ing commands int\n+000215f0: 6572 6163 7469 7665 6c79 2c20 6966 2074 eractively, if t\n+00021600: 6865 2063 7572 736f 7220 6973 2077 6974 he cursor is wit\n+00021610: 6869 6e20 6f72 2062 6566 6f72 650a 7468 hin or before.th\n+00021620: 6520 6669 7273 7420 776f 7264 2069 6e20 e first word in \n+00021630: 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 the command-line\n+00021640: 2c20 7072 6573 7369 6e67 2074 6865 203c , pressing the <\n+00021650: 5441 423e 206b 6579 2028 6f72 203c 432d TAB> key (or ).will display\n+00021670: 2061 206c 6973 7469 6e67 206f 6620 7468 a listing of th\n+00021680: 6520 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 636f 6d6d e available comm\n+00021690: 616e 6473 2c20 616e 6420 6966 2074 6865 ands, and if the\n+000216a0: 2063 7572 736f 7220 6973 0a61 6674 6572 cursor is.after\n+000216b0: 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 2077 6f72 642c the first word,\n+000216c0: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 3c54 4142 3ee2 8099 the ......\n+000216d0: 2077 696c 6c20 7072 6f76 6964 6520 6120 will provide a \n+000216e0: 636f 6d70 6c65 7469 6f6e 206c 6973 7469 completion listi\n+000216f0: 6e67 206f 660a 6469 736b 732c 2070 6172 ng of.disks, par\n+00021700: 7469 7469 6f6e 732c 2061 6e64 2066 696c titions, and fil\n+00021710: 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 6465 7065 6e64 696e e names dependin\n+00021720: 6720 6f6e 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 7465 7874 g on the context\n+00021730: 2e20 204e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 0a74 6f20 . Note that.to \n+00021740: 6f62 7461 696e 2061 206c 6973 7420 6f66 obtain a list of\n+00021750: 2064 7269 7665 732c 206f 6e65 206d 7573 drives, one mus\n+00021760: 7420 6f70 656e 2061 2070 6172 656e 7468 t open a parenth\n+00021770: 6573 6973 2c20 6173 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 esis, as ...root\n+00021780: 2028 e280 992e 0a0a 2020 204e 6f74 6520 (...... Note \n+00021790: 7468 6174 2079 6f75 2063 616e 6e6f 7420 that you cannot \n+000217a0: 7573 6520 7468 6520 636f 6d70 6c65 7469 use the completi\n+000217b0: 6f6e 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e61 6c69 7479 on functionality\n+000217c0: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 5446 5450 0a66 696c in the TFTP.fil\n+000217d0: 6573 7973 7465 6d2e 2020 5468 6973 2069 esystem. 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Its comm\n+000219c0: 616e 6473 2061 7265 2062 6f74 680a 7265 ands are both.re\n+000219d0: 6173 6f6e 6162 6c79 2069 6e74 7569 7469 asonably intuiti\n+000219e0: 7665 2061 6e64 2064 6573 6372 6962 6564 ve and described\n+000219f0: 206f 6e20 7363 7265 656e 2e0a 0a20 2020 on screen... \n+00021a00: 4261 7369 6361 6c6c 792c 2074 6865 206d Basically, the m\n+00021a10: 656e 7520 696e 7465 7266 6163 6520 7072 enu interface pr\n+00021a20: 6f76 6964 6573 2061 206c 6973 7420 6f66 ovides a list of\n+00021a30: 20e2 809c 626f 6f74 2065 6e74 7269 6573 ...boot entries\n+00021a40: e280 9d20 746f 0a74 6865 2075 7365 7220 ... to.the user \n+00021a50: 746f 2063 686f 6f73 6520 6672 6f6d 2e20 to choose from. \n+00021a60: 2055 7365 2074 6865 2061 7272 6f77 206b Use the arrow k\n+00021a70: 6579 7320 746f 2073 656c 6563 7420 7468 eys to select th\n+00021a80: 6520 656e 7472 7920 6f66 0a63 686f 6963 e entry of.choic\n+00021a90: 652c 2074 6865 6e20 7072 6573 7320 3c52 e, then press to run it. \n+00021ab0: 416e 206f 7074 696f 6e61 6c20 7469 6d65 An optional time\n+00021ac0: 6f75 7420 6973 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 out is available\n+00021ad0: 2074 6f0a 626f 6f74 2074 6865 2064 6566 to.boot the def\n+00021ae0: 6175 6c74 2065 6e74 7279 2028 7468 6520 ault entry (the \n+00021af0: 6669 7273 7420 6f6e 6520 6966 206e 6f74 first one if not\n+00021b00: 2073 6574 292c 2077 6869 6368 2069 7320 set), which is \n+00021b10: 6162 6f72 7465 6420 6279 0a70 7265 7373 aborted by.press\n+00021b20: 696e 6720 616e 7920 6b65 792e 0a0a 2020 ing any key... \n+00021b30: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 6172 6520 6176 Commands are av\n+00021b40: 6169 6c61 626c 6520 746f 2065 6e74 6572 ailable to enter\n+00021b50: 2061 2062 6172 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d a bare command-\n+00021b60: 6c69 6e65 2062 7920 7072 6573 7369 6e67 line by pressing\n+00021b70: 203c 633e 0a28 7768 6963 6820 6f70 6572 .(which oper\n+00021b80: 6174 6573 2065 7861 6374 6c79 206c 696b ates exactly lik\n+00021b90: 6520 7468 6520 6e6f 6e2d 636f 6e66 6967 e the non-config\n+00021ba0: 2d66 696c 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 -file version of\n+00021bb0: 2047 5255 422c 2062 7574 0a61 6c6c 6f77 GRUB, but.allow\n+00021bc0: 7320 6f6e 6520 746f 2072 6574 7572 6e20 s one to return \n+00021bd0: 746f 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 6966 2064 to the menu if d\n+00021be0: 6573 6972 6564 2062 7920 7072 6573 7369 esired by pressi\n+00021bf0: 6e67 203c 4553 433e 2920 6f72 2074 6f0a ng ) or to.\n+00021c00: 6564 6974 2061 6e79 206f 6620 7468 6520 edit any of the \n+00021c10: e280 9c62 6f6f 7420 656e 7472 6965 73e2 ...boot entries.\n+00021c20: 809d 2062 7920 7072 6573 7369 6e67 203c .. by pressing <\n+00021c30: 653e 2e0a 0a20 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2070 e>... 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I\n+00021e80: 6620 616e 203c 4553 433e 2069 7320 7072 f an is pr\n+00021e90: 6573 7365 6420 696e 2074 6865 2065 6469 essed in the edi\n+00021ea0: 746f 722c 2069 7420 6162 6f72 7473 2061 tor, it aborts a\n+00021eb0: 6c6c 2074 6865 2063 6861 6e67 6573 206d ll the changes m\n+00021ec0: 6164 650a 746f 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 6669 ade.to the confi\n+00021ed0: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2065 6e74 7279 2061 guration entry a\n+00021ee0: 6e64 2072 6574 7572 6e73 2074 6f20 7468 nd returns to th\n+00021ef0: 6520 6d61 696e 206d 656e 7520 696e 7465 e main menu inte\n+00021f00: 7266 6163 652e 0a0a 2020 2045 6163 6820 rface... 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They\n+000221c0: 206d 6179 2062 6520 7365 7420 282a 6e6f may be set (*no\n+000221d0: 7465 2073 6574 3a3a 292c 2075 6e73 6574 te set::), unset\n+000221e0: 0a28 2a6e 6f74 6520 756e 7365 743a 3a29 .(*note unset::)\n+000221f0: 2c20 6f72 206c 6f6f 6b65 6420 7570 2028 , or looked up (\n+00022200: 2a6e 6f74 6520 5368 656c 6c2d 6c69 6b65 *note Shell-like\n+00022210: 2073 6372 6970 7469 6e67 3a3a 2920 6279 scripting::) by\n+00022220: 206e 616d 652e 0a0a 2020 2041 206e 756d name... A num\n+00022230: 6265 7220 6f66 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 ber of environme\n+00022240: 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2068 6176 nt variables hav\n+00022250: 6520 7370 6563 6961 6c20 6d65 616e 696e e special meanin\n+00022260: 6773 2074 6f20 7661 7269 6f75 730a 7061 gs to various.pa\n+00022270: 7274 7320 6f66 2047 5255 422e 204f 7468 rts of GRUB. Oth\n+00022280: 6572 7320 6d61 7920 6265 2075 7365 6420 ers may be used \n+00022290: 6672 6565 6c79 2069 6e20 4752 5542 2063 freely in GRUB c\n+000222a0: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c onfiguration fil\n+000222b0: 6573 2e0a 0a2a 204d 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 es...* Menu:..* \n+000222c0: 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d Special environm\n+000222d0: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 733a 3a0a ent variables::.\n+000222e0: 2a20 456e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c * Environment bl\n+000222f0: 6f63 6b3a 3a0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 ock::....File: g\n+00022300: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+00022310: 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e Special environ\n+00022320: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2c20 ment variables, \n+00022330: 204e 6578 743a 2045 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 Next: Environme\n+00022340: 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 2c20 2055 703a 2045 nt block, Up: E\n+00022350: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 0a0a 3135 2e31 nvironment..15.1\n+00022360: 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e Special environ\n+00022370: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a3d ment variables.=\n+00022380: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n 00022390: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000223a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 7365 =========..These\n-000223b0: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2068 6176 6520 variables have \n-000223c0: 7370 6563 6961 6c20 6d65 616e 696e 6720 special meaning \n-000223d0: 746f 2047 5255 422e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 to GRUB...* Menu\n-000223e0: 3a0a 0a2a 2062 696f 736e 756d 3a3a 0a2a :..* biosnum::.*\n-000223f0: 2063 6865 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 7265 check_signature\n-00022400: 733a 3a0a 2a20 6368 6f73 656e 3a3a 0a2a s::.* chosen::.*\n-00022410: 2063 6d64 7061 7468 3a3a 0a2a 2063 6f6c cmdpath::.* col\n-00022420: 6f72 5f68 6967 686c 6967 6874 3a3a 0a2a or_highlight::.*\n-00022430: 2063 6f6c 6f72 5f6e 6f72 6d61 6c3a 3a0a color_normal::.\n-00022440: 2a20 636f 6e66 6967 5f64 6972 6563 746f * config_directo\n-00022450: 7279 3a3a 0a2a 2063 6f6e 6669 675f 6669 ry::.* config_fi\n-00022460: 6c65 3a3a 0a2a 2064 6562 7567 3a3a 0a2a le::.* debug::.*\n-00022470: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 3a3a 0a2a 2066 616c default::.* fal\n-00022480: 6c62 6163 6b3a 3a0a 2a20 6766 786d 6f64 lback::.* gfxmod\n-00022490: 653a 3a0a 2a20 6766 7870 6179 6c6f 6164 e::.* gfxpayload\n-000224a0: 3a3a 0a2a 2067 6678 7465 726d 5f66 6f6e ::.* gfxterm_fon\n-000224b0: 743a 3a0a 2a20 6772 7562 5f63 7075 3a3a t::.* grub_cpu::\n-000224c0: 0a2a 2067 7275 625f 706c 6174 666f 726d .* grub_platform\n-000224d0: 3a3a 0a2a 2069 636f 6e64 6972 3a3a 0a2a ::.* icondir::.*\n-000224e0: 206c 616e 673a 3a0a 2a20 6c6f 6361 6c65 lang::.* locale\n-000224f0: 5f64 6972 3a3a 0a2a 206c 6f63 6b64 6f77 _dir::.* lockdow\n-00022500: 6e3a 3a0a 2a20 6d65 6e75 5f63 6f6c 6f72 n::.* menu_color\n-00022510: 5f68 6967 686c 6967 6874 3a3a 0a2a 206d _highlight::.* m\n-00022520: 656e 755f 636f 6c6f 725f 6e6f 726d 616c enu_color_normal\n-00022530: 3a3a 0a2a 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3a3a 0a2a 206e 6574 5f64 otpath::.* net_d\n-00022680: 6566 6175 6c74 5f69 6e74 6572 6661 6365 efault_interface\n-00022690: 3a3a 0a2a 206e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 ::.* net_default\n-000226a0: 5f69 703a 3a0a 2a20 6e65 745f 6465 6661 _ip::.* net_defa\n-000226b0: 756c 745f 6d61 633a 3a0a 2a20 6e65 745f ult_mac::.* net_\n-000226c0: 6465 6661 756c 745f 7365 7276 6572 3a3a default_server::\n-000226d0: 0a2a 2070 6167 6572 3a3a 0a2a 2070 7265 .* pager::.* pre\n-000226e0: 6669 783a 3a0a 2a20 7078 655f 626c 6b73 fix::.* pxe_blks\n-000226f0: 697a 653a 3a0a 2a20 7078 655f 6465 6661 ize::.* pxe_defa\n-00022700: 756c 745f 6761 7465 7761 793a 3a0a 2a20 ult_gateway::.* \n-00022710: 7078 655f 6465 6661 756c 745f 7365 7276 pxe_default_serv\n-00022720: 6572 3a3a 0a2a 2072 6f6f 743a 3a0a 2a20 er::.* root::.* \n-00022730: 7368 696d 5f6c 6f63 6b3a 3a0a 2a20 7375 shim_lock::.* su\n-00022740: 7065 7275 7365 7273 3a3a 0a2a 2074 6865 perusers::.* the\n-00022750: 6d65 3a3a 0a2a 2074 696d 656f 7574 3a3a me::.* timeout::\n-00022760: 0a2a 2074 696d 656f 7574 5f73 7479 6c65 .* timeout_style\n-00022770: 3a3a 0a2a 2074 706d 5f66 6169 6c5f 6661 ::.* tpm_fail_fa\n-00022780: 7461 6c3a 3a0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 tal::....File: g\n-00022790: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-000227a0: 2062 696f 736e 756d 2c20 204e 6578 743a biosnum, Next:\n-000227b0: 2063 6865 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 7265 check_signature\n-000227c0: 732c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 s, Up: Special \n-000227d0: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n-000227e0: 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3120 6269 ables..15.1.1 bi\n-000227f0: 6f73 6e75 6d0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d osnum.----------\n-00022800: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5768 656e 2063 6861 696e ----..When chain\n-00022810: 2d6c 6f61 6469 6e67 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 -loading another\n-00022820: 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2028 2a6e boot loader (*n\n-00022830: 6f74 6520 4368 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 696e ote Chain-loadin\n-00022840: 673a 3a29 2c20 4752 5542 206d 6179 0a6e g::), GRUB may.n\n-00022850: 6565 6420 746f 206b 6e6f 7720 7768 6174 eed to know what\n-00022860: 2042 494f 5320 6472 6976 6520 6e75 6d62 BIOS drive numb\n-00022870: 6572 2063 6f72 7265 7370 6f6e 6473 2074 er corresponds t\n-00022880: 6f20 7468 6520 726f 6f74 2064 6576 6963 o the root devic\n-00022890: 650a 282a 6e6f 7465 2072 6f6f 743a 3a29 e.(*note root::)\n-000228a0: 2073 6f20 7468 6174 2069 7420 6361 6e20 so that it can \n-000228b0: 7365 7420 7570 2072 6567 6973 7465 7273 set up registers\n-000228c0: 2070 726f 7065 726c 792e 2020 4966 2074 properly. If t\n-000228d0: 6865 2042 494f 534e 554d 0a76 6172 6961 he BIOSNUM.varia\n-000228e0: 626c 6520 6973 2073 6574 2c20 6974 206f ble is set, it o\n-000228f0: 7665 7272 6964 6573 2047 5255 4227 7320 verrides GRUB's \n-00022900: 6f77 6e20 6d65 616e 7320 6f66 2067 7565 own means of gue\n-00022910: 7373 696e 6720 7468 6973 2e0a 0a20 2020 ssing this... \n-00022920: 466f 7220 616e 2061 6c74 6572 6e61 7469 For an alternati\n-00022930: 7665 2061 7070 726f 6163 6820 7768 6963 ve approach whic\n-00022940: 6820 616c 736f 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2042 h also changes B\n-00022950: 494f 5320 6472 6976 6520 6d61 7070 696e IOS drive mappin\n-00022960: 6773 0a66 6f72 2074 6865 2063 6861 696e gs.for the chain\n-00022970: 2d6c 6f61 6465 6420 7379 7374 656d 2c20 -loaded system, \n-00022980: 2a6e 6f74 6520 6472 6976 656d 6170 3a3a *note drivemap::\n-00022990: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-000229a0: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2063 6865 info, Node: che\n-000229b0: 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 7265 732c 2020 ck_signatures, \n-000229c0: 4e65 7874 3a20 6368 6f73 656e 2c20 2050 Next: chosen, P\n-000229d0: 7265 763a 2062 696f 736e 756d 2c20 2055 rev: biosnum, U\n-000229e0: 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 p: Special envir\n-000229f0: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 onment variables\n-00022a00: 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e32 2063 6865 636b 5f73 ..15.1.2 check_s\n-00022a10: 6967 6e61 7475 7265 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ignatures.------\n-00022a20: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00022a30: 2d0a 0a54 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 -..This variable\n-00022a40: 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 7320 7768 6574 6865 controls whethe\n-00022a50: 7220 4752 5542 2065 6e66 6f72 6365 7320 r GRUB enforces \n-00022a60: 6469 6769 7461 6c20 7369 676e 6174 7572 digital signatur\n-00022a70: 650a 7661 6c69 6461 7469 6f6e 206f 6e20 e.validation on \n-00022a80: 6c6f 6164 6564 2066 696c 6573 2e20 202a loaded files. *\n-00022a90: 4e6f 7465 2055 7369 6e67 2064 6967 6974 Note Using digit\n-00022aa0: 616c 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 733a 3a2e al signatures::.\n-00022ab0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-00022ac0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6368 6f73 nfo, Node: chos\n-00022ad0: 656e 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2063 6d64 7061 en, Next: cmdpa\n-00022ae0: 7468 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2063 6865 636b th, Prev: check\n-00022af0: 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 7265 732c 2020 5570 _signatures, Up\n-00022b00: 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f : Special enviro\n-00022b10: 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a nment variables.\n-00022b20: 0a31 352e 312e 3320 6368 6f73 656e 0a2d .15.1.3 chosen.-\n-00022b30: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5768 ------------..Wh\n-00022b40: 656e 2065 7865 6375 7469 6e67 2061 206d en executing a m\n-00022b50: 656e 7520 656e 7472 792c 2047 5255 4220 enu entry, GRUB \n-00022b60: 7365 7473 2074 6865 2043 484f 5345 4e20 sets the CHOSEN \n-00022b70: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 7468 6520 variable to the \n-00022b80: 7469 746c 650a 6f66 2074 6865 2065 6e74 title.of the ent\n-00022b90: 7279 2062 6569 6e67 2065 7865 6375 7465 ry being execute\n-00022ba0: 642e 0a0a 2020 2049 6620 7468 6520 6d65 d... If the me\n-00022bb0: 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 2069 7320 696e 206f nu entry is in o\n-00022bc0: 6e65 206f 7220 6d6f 7265 2073 7562 6d65 ne or more subme\n-00022bd0: 6e75 732c 2074 6865 6e20 4348 4f53 454e nus, then CHOSEN\n-00022be0: 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 0a74 6865 2074 is set to.the t\n-00022bf0: 6974 6c65 7320 6f66 2065 6163 6820 6f66 itles of each of\n-00022c00: 2074 6865 2073 7562 6d65 6e75 7320 7374 the submenus st\n-00022c10: 6172 7469 6e67 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 arting from the \n-00022c20: 746f 7020 6c65 7665 6c20 666f 6c6c 6f77 top level follow\n-00022c30: 6564 0a62 7920 7468 6520 7469 746c 6520 ed.by the title \n-00022c40: 6f66 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 of the menu entr\n-00022c50: 7920 6974 7365 6c66 2c20 7365 7061 7261 y itself, separa\n-00022c60: 7465 6420 6279 20e2 8098 3ee2 8099 2e0a ted by ...>.....\n-00022c70: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-00022c80: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2063 6d64 7061 fo, Node: cmdpa\n-00022c90: 7468 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2063 6f6c 6f72 th, Next: color\n-00022ca0: 5f68 6967 686c 6967 6874 2c20 2050 7265 _highlight, Pre\n-00022cb0: 763a 2063 686f 7365 6e2c 2020 5570 3a20 v: chosen, Up: \n-00022cc0: 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d Special environm\n-00022cd0: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 ent variables..1\n-00022ce0: 352e 312e 3420 636d 6470 6174 680a 2d2d 5.1.4 cmdpath.--\n-00022cf0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 ------------..Th\n-00022d00: 6520 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 2066 726f 6d20 e location from \n-00022d10: 7768 6963 6820 e280 9863 6f72 652e 696d which ...core.im\n-00022d20: 67e2 8099 2077 6173 206c 6f61 6465 6420 g... was loaded \n-00022d30: 6173 2061 6e20 6162 736f 6c75 7465 2064 as an absolute d\n-00022d40: 6972 6563 746f 7279 0a6e 616d 6520 282a irectory.name (*\n-00022d50: 6e6f 7465 2046 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 2073 note File name s\n-00022d60: 796e 7461 783a 3a29 2e20 2054 6869 7320 yntax::). This \n-00022d70: 6973 2073 6574 2062 7920 4752 5542 2061 is set by GRUB a\n-00022d80: 7420 7374 6172 7475 7020 6261 7365 640a t startup based.\n-00022d90: 6f6e 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2072 on information r\n-00022da0: 6574 7572 6e65 6420 6279 2070 6c61 7466 eturned by platf\n-00022db0: 6f72 6d20 6669 726d 7761 7265 2e20 204e orm firmware. N\n-00022dc0: 6f74 2065 7665 7279 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 ot every platfor\n-00022dd0: 6d0a 7072 6f76 6964 6573 2074 6869 7320 m.provides this \n-00022de0: 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 616e 6420 information and \n-00022df0: 736f 6d65 206d 6179 2072 6574 7572 6e20 some may return \n-00022e00: 6f6e 6c79 2064 6576 6963 6520 7769 7468 only device with\n-00022e10: 6f75 7420 7061 7468 0a6e 616d 652e 0a0a out path.name...\n-00022e20: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-00022e30: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 636f 6c6f 725f o, Node: color_\n-00022e40: 6869 6768 6c69 6768 742c 2020 4e65 7874 highlight, Next\n-00022e50: 3a20 636f 6c6f 725f 6e6f 726d 616c 2c20 : color_normal, \n-00022e60: 2050 7265 763a 2063 6d64 7061 7468 2c20 Prev: cmdpath, \n-00022e70: 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 Up: Special env\n-00022e80: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c ironment variabl\n-00022e90: 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e35 2063 6f6c 6f72 es..15.1.5 color\n-00022ea0: 5f68 6967 686c 6967 6874 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d _highlight.-----\n-00022eb0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00022ec0: 2d0a 0a54 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 -..This variable\n-00022ed0: 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 7468 6520 2268 contains the \"h\n-00022ee0: 6967 686c 6967 6874 2220 666f 7265 6772 ighlight\" foregr\n-00022ef0: 6f75 6e64 2061 6e64 2062 6163 6b67 726f ound and backgro\n-00022f00: 756e 640a 7465 726d 696e 616c 2063 6f6c und.terminal col\n-00022f10: 6f72 732c 2073 6570 6172 6174 6564 2062 ors, separated b\n-00022f20: 7920 6120 736c 6173 6820 28e2 8098 2fe2 y a slash (.../.\n-00022f30: 8099 292e 2020 5365 7474 696e 6720 7468 ..). Setting th\n-00022f40: 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 650a 6368 616e is variable.chan\n-00022f50: 6765 7320 7468 6f73 6520 636f 6c6f 7273 ges those colors\n-00022f60: 2e20 2046 6f72 2074 6865 2061 7661 696c . For the avail\n-00022f70: 6162 6c65 2063 6f6c 6f72 206e 616d 6573 able color names\n-00022f80: 2c20 2a6e 6f74 650a 636f 6c6f 725f 6e6f , *note.color_no\n-00022f90: 726d 616c 3a3a 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 rmal::... The \n-00022fa0: 6465 6661 756c 7420 6973 20e2 8098 626c default is ...bl\n-00022fb0: 6163 6b2f 6c69 6768 742d 6772 6179 e280 ack/light-gray..\n-00022fc0: 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 ......File: grub\n-00022fd0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 636f .info, Node: co\n-00022fe0: 6c6f 725f 6e6f 726d 616c 2c20 204e 6578 lor_normal, Nex\n-00022ff0: 743a 2063 6f6e 6669 675f 6469 7265 6374 t: config_direct\n-00023000: 6f72 792c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 636f 6c6f ory, Prev: colo\n-00023010: 725f 6869 6768 6c69 6768 742c 2020 5570 r_highlight, Up\n-00023020: 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f : Special enviro\n-00023030: 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a nment variables.\n-00023040: 0a31 352e 312e 3620 636f 6c6f 725f 6e6f .15.1.6 color_no\n-00023050: 726d 616c 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d rmal.-----------\n-00023060: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6973 2076 --------..This v\n-00023070: 6172 6961 626c 6520 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 ariable contains\n-00023080: 2074 6865 2022 6e6f 726d 616c 2220 666f the \"normal\" fo\n-00023090: 7265 6772 6f75 6e64 2061 6e64 2062 6163 reground and bac\n-000230a0: 6b67 726f 756e 6420 7465 726d 696e 616c kground terminal\n-000230b0: 0a63 6f6c 6f72 732c 2073 6570 6172 6174 .colors, separat\n-000230c0: 6564 2062 7920 6120 736c 6173 6820 28e2 ed by a slash (.\n-000230d0: 8098 2fe2 8099 292e 2020 5365 7474 696e ../...). Settin\n-000230e0: 6720 7468 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 g this variable \n-000230f0: 6368 616e 6765 7320 7468 6f73 650a 636f changes those.co\n-00023100: 6c6f 7273 2e20 2045 6163 6820 636f 6c6f lors. Each colo\n-00023110: 7220 6d75 7374 2062 6520 6120 6e61 6d65 r must be a name\n-00023120: 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 from the follow\n-00023130: 696e 6720 6c69 7374 3a0a 0a20 2020 e280 ing list:.. ..\n-00023140: a220 626c 6163 6b0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2062 . black. ... b\n-00023150: 6c75 650a 2020 20e2 80a2 2067 7265 656e lue. ... green\n-00023160: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6379 616e 0a20 2020 . ... cyan. \n-00023170: e280 a220 7265 640a 2020 20e2 80a2 206d ... red. ... m\n-00023180: 6167 656e 7461 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6272 agenta. ... br\n-00023190: 6f77 6e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 206c 6967 6874 own. ... light\n-000231a0: 2d67 7261 790a 2020 20e2 80a2 2064 6172 -gray. ... dar\n-000231b0: 6b2d 6772 6179 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6c69 k-gray. ... li\n-000231c0: 6768 742d 626c 7565 0a20 2020 e280 a220 ght-blue. ... \n-000231d0: 6c69 6768 742d 6772 6565 6e0a 2020 20e2 light-green. .\n-000231e0: 80a2 206c 6967 6874 2d63 7961 6e0a 2020 .. light-cyan. \n-000231f0: 20e2 80a2 206c 6967 6874 2d72 6564 0a20 ... light-red. \n-00023200: 2020 e280 a220 6c69 6768 742d 6d61 6765 ... light-mage\n-00023210: 6e74 610a 2020 20e2 80a2 2079 656c 6c6f nta. ... yello\n-00023220: 770a 2020 20e2 80a2 2077 6869 7465 0a0a w. ... white..\n-00023230: 2020 2054 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2069 The default i\n-00023240: 7320 e280 986c 6967 6874 2d67 7261 792f s ...light-gray/\n-00023250: 626c 6163 6be2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 black...... Th\n-00023260: 6520 636f 6c6f 7220 7375 7070 6f72 7420 e color support \n-00023270: 7375 7070 6f72 7420 7661 7269 6573 2066 support varies f\n-00023280: 726f 6d20 7465 726d 696e 616c 2074 6f20 rom terminal to \n-00023290: 7465 726d 696e 616c 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 terminal... ..\n-000232a0: 986d 6f72 7365 e280 9920 6861 7320 6e6f .morse... has no\n-000232b0: 2063 6f6c 6f72 2073 7570 706f 7274 2061 color support a\n-000232c0: 7420 616c 6c2e 0a0a 2020 20e2 8098 6d64 t all... ...md\n-000232d0: 615f 7465 7874 e280 9920 636f 6c6f 7220 a_text... color \n-000232e0: 7375 7070 6f72 7420 6973 206c 696d 6974 support is limit\n-000232f0: 6564 2074 6f20 6869 6768 6c69 6768 7469 ed to highlighti\n-00023300: 6e67 2062 7920 626c 6163 6b2f 7768 6974 ng by black/whit\n-00023310: 650a 7265 7665 7273 616c 2e0a 0a20 2020 e.reversal... \n-00023320: e280 9863 6f6e 736f 6c65 e280 9920 6f6e ...console... on\n-00023330: 2041 5243 2c20 454d 5520 616e 6420 4945 ARC, EMU and IE\n-00023340: 4545 3132 3735 2c20 e280 9873 6572 6961 EE1275, ...seria\n-00023350: 6c5f 2ae2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 7370 l_*... and ...sp\n-00023360: 6b6d 6f64 656d e280 9920 6172 650a 676f kmodem... are.go\n-00023370: 7665 726e 6564 2062 7920 7465 726d 696e verned by termin\n-00023380: 666f 2061 6e64 2073 7570 706f 7274 206f fo and support o\n-00023390: 6e6c 7920 3820 636f 6c6f 7273 2069 6620 nly 8 colors if \n-000233a0: 696e 206d 6f64 6573 20e2 8098 7674 3130 in modes ...vt10\n-000233b0: 302d 636f 6c6f 72e2 8099 0a28 6465 6661 0-color....(defa\n-000233c0: 756c 7420 666f 7220 636f 6e73 6f6c 6520 ult for console \n-000233d0: 6f6e 2065 6d75 292c 20e2 8098 6172 63e2 on emu), ...arc.\n-000233e0: 8099 2028 6465 6661 756c 7420 666f 7220 .. (default for \n-000233f0: 636f 6e73 6f6c 6520 6f6e 2041 5243 292c console on ARC),\n-00023400: 0ae2 8098 6965 6565 3132 3735 e280 9920 ....ieee1275... \n-00023410: 2864 6566 6175 6c74 2066 6f72 2063 6f6e (default for con\n-00023420: 736f 6c65 206f 6e20 4945 4545 3132 3735 sole on IEEE1275\n-00023430: 292e 2020 5768 656e 2069 6e20 6d6f 6465 ). When in mode\n-00023440: 20e2 8098 7674 3130 30e2 8099 2074 6865 ...vt100... the\n-00023450: 6e0a 7468 6520 636f 6c6f 7220 7375 7070 n.the color supp\n-00023460: 6f72 7420 6973 206c 696d 6974 6564 2074 ort is limited t\n-00023470: 6f20 6869 6768 6c69 6768 7469 6e67 2062 o highlighting b\n-00023480: 7920 626c 6163 6b2f 7768 6974 6520 7265 y black/white re\n-00023490: 7665 7273 616c 2e0a 5768 656e 2069 6e20 versal..When in \n-000234a0: 6d6f 6465 20e2 8098 6475 6d62 e280 9920 mode ...dumb... \n-000234b0: 7468 6572 6520 6973 206e 6f20 636f 6c6f there is no colo\n-000234c0: 7220 7375 7070 6f72 742e 0a0a 2020 2057 r support... W\n-000234d0: 6865 6e20 636f 6e73 6f6c 6520 7375 7070 hen console supp\n-000234e0: 6f72 7473 206e 6f20 636f 6c6f 7273 2074 orts no colors t\n-000234f0: 6869 7320 7365 7474 696e 6720 6973 2069 his setting is i\n-00023500: 676e 6f72 6564 2e20 2057 6865 6e0a 636f gnored. When.co\n-00023510: 6e73 6f6c 6520 7375 7070 6f72 7473 2038 nsole supports 8\n-00023520: 2063 6f6c 6f72 732c 2074 6865 6e20 7468 colors, then th\n-00023530: 6520 636f 6c6f 7273 2066 726f 6d20 7468 e colors from th\n-00023540: 6520 7365 636f 6e64 2068 616c 6620 6f66 e second half of\n-00023550: 2074 6865 0a70 7265 7669 6f75 7320 6c69 the.previous li\n-00023560: 7374 2061 7265 206d 6170 7065 6420 746f st are mapped to\n-00023570: 2074 6865 206d 6174 6368 696e 6720 636f the matching co\n-00023580: 6c6f 7273 206f 6620 6669 7273 7420 6861 lors of first ha\n-00023590: 6c66 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 9863 6f6e 736f lf... ...conso\n-000235a0: 6c65 e280 9920 6f6e 2045 4649 2061 6e64 le... on EFI and\n-000235b0: 2042 494f 5320 616e 6420 e280 9876 6761 BIOS and ...vga\n-000235c0: 5f74 6578 74e2 8099 2073 7570 706f 7274 _text... support\n-000235d0: 2061 6c6c 2031 3620 636f 6c6f 7273 2e0a all 16 colors..\n-000235e0: 0a20 2020 e280 9867 6678 7465 726d e280 . ...gfxterm..\n-000235f0: 9920 7375 7070 6f72 7473 2061 6c6c 2031 . supports all 1\n-00023600: 3620 636f 6c6f 7273 2061 6e64 2077 6f75 6 colors and wou\n-00023610: 6c64 2062 6520 7468 656f 7265 7469 6361 ld be theoretica\n-00023620: 6c6c 790a 6578 7465 6e64 6162 6c65 2074 lly.extendable t\n-00023630: 6f20 7375 7070 6f72 7420 7768 6f6c 6520 o support whole \n-00023640: 7267 6232 3420 7061 6c65 7474 6520 6275 rgb24 palette bu\n-00023650: 7420 6375 7272 656e 746c 7920 7468 6572 t currently ther\n-00023660: 6520 6973 206e 6f0a 636f 6d70 656c 6c69 e is no.compelli\n-00023670: 6e67 2072 6561 736f 6e20 746f 2067 6f20 ng reason to go \n-00023680: 6265 796f 6e64 2074 6865 2063 7572 7265 beyond the curre\n-00023690: 6e74 2031 3620 636f 6c6f 7273 2e0a 0a1f nt 16 colors....\n-000236a0: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-000236b0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2063 6f6e 6669 675f , Node: config_\n-000236c0: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 792c 2020 4e65 7874 directory, Next\n-000236d0: 3a20 636f 6e66 6967 5f66 696c 652c 2020 : config_file, \n-000236e0: 5072 6576 3a20 636f 6c6f 725f 6e6f 726d Prev: color_norm\n-000236f0: 616c 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c al, Up: Special\n-00023700: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n-00023710: 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e37 2063 iables..15.1.7 c\n-00023720: 6f6e 6669 675f 6469 7265 6374 6f72 790a onfig_directory.\n-00023730: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00023740: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6869 7320 7661 -------..This va\n-00023750: 7269 6162 6c65 2069 7320 6175 746f 6d61 riable is automa\n-00023760: 7469 6361 6c6c 7920 7365 7420 6279 2047 tically set by G\n-00023770: 5255 4220 746f 2074 6865 2064 6972 6563 RUB to the direc\n-00023780: 746f 7279 2070 6172 7420 6f66 0a63 7572 tory part of.cur\n-00023790: 7265 6e74 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 rent configurati\n-000237a0: 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 2028 2a6e on file name (*n\n-000237b0: 6f74 6520 636f 6e66 6967 5f66 696c 653a ote config_file:\n-000237c0: 3a29 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 :).....File: gru\n-000237d0: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2063 b.info, Node: c\n-000237e0: 6f6e 6669 675f 6669 6c65 2c20 204e 6578 onfig_file, Nex\n-000237f0: 743a 2064 6562 7567 2c20 2050 7265 763a t: debug, Prev:\n-00023800: 2063 6f6e 6669 675f 6469 7265 6374 6f72 config_director\n-00023810: 792c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 y, Up: Special \n-00023820: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n-00023830: 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3820 636f ables..15.1.8 co\n-00023840: 6e66 6967 5f66 696c 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d nfig_file.------\n-00023850: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 ------------..Th\n-00023860: 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6973 2061 is variable is a\n-00023870: 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 6c79 2073 6574 utomatically set\n-00023880: 2062 7920 4752 5542 2074 6f20 7468 6520 by GRUB to the \n-00023890: 6e61 6d65 206f 6620 636f 6e66 6967 7572 name of configur\n-000238a0: 6174 696f 6e0a 6669 6c65 2074 6861 7420 ation.file that \n-000238b0: 6973 2062 6569 6e67 2070 726f 6365 7373 is being process\n-000238c0: 6564 2062 7920 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 20e2 ed by commands .\n-000238d0: 8098 636f 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 e280 9920 ..configfile... \n-000238e0: 282a 6e6f 7465 0a63 6f6e 6669 6766 696c (*note.configfil\n-000238f0: 653a 3a29 206f 7220 e280 986e 6f72 6d61 e::) or ...norma\n-00023900: 6ce2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6e6f 726d l... (*note norm\n-00023910: 616c 3a3a 292e 2020 4974 2069 7320 7265 al::). It is re\n-00023920: 7374 6f72 6564 2074 6f20 7468 650a 7072 stored to the.pr\n-00023930: 6576 696f 7573 2076 616c 7565 2077 6865 evious value whe\n-00023940: 6e20 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 636f 6d70 6c65 n command comple\n-00023950: 7465 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 tes.....File: gr\n-00023960: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-00023970: 6465 6275 672c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6465 debug, Next: de\n-00023980: 6661 756c 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 636f fault, Prev: co\n-00023990: 6e66 6967 5f66 696c 652c 2020 5570 3a20 nfig_file, Up: \n-000239a0: 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d Special environm\n-000239b0: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 ent variables..1\n-000239c0: 352e 312e 3920 6465 6275 670a 2d2d 2d2d 5.1.9 debug.----\n-000239d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6973 2076 --------..This v\n-000239e0: 6172 6961 626c 6520 6d61 7920 6265 2073 ariable may be s\n-000239f0: 6574 2074 6f20 656e 6162 6c65 2064 6562 et to enable deb\n-00023a00: 7567 6769 6e67 206f 7574 7075 7420 6672 ugging output fr\n-00023a10: 6f6d 2076 6172 696f 7573 0a63 6f6d 706f om various.compo\n-00023a20: 6e65 6e74 7320 6f66 2047 5255 422e 2054 nents of GRUB. T\n-00023a30: 6865 2076 616c 7565 2069 7320 616e 206f he value is an o\n-00023a40: 7264 6572 6564 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2064 rdered list of d\n-00023a50: 6562 7567 2066 6163 696c 6974 7920 6e61 ebug facility na\n-00023a60: 6d65 730a 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 mes.separated by\n-00023a70: 2077 6869 7465 7370 6163 6520 6f72 20e2 whitespace or .\n-00023a80: 8098 2ce2 8099 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6520 ..,.... If the \n-00023a90: 7370 6563 6961 6c20 6661 6369 6c69 7479 special facility\n-00023aa0: 206e 616d 6564 20e2 8098 616c 6ce2 8099 named ...all...\n-00023ab0: 2069 730a 7072 6573 656e 7420 7468 656e is.present then\n-00023ac0: 2064 6562 7567 6769 6e67 206f 7574 7075 debugging outpu\n-00023ad0: 7420 6f66 2061 6c6c 2066 6163 696c 6974 t of all facilit\n-00023ae0: 7920 6e61 6d65 7320 6973 2065 6e61 626c y names is enabl\n-00023af0: 6564 2061 7420 7468 650a 7374 6172 7420 ed at the.start \n-00023b00: 6f66 2070 726f 6365 7373 696e 6720 7468 of processing th\n-00023b10: 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 2074 6869 7320 e value of this \n-00023b20: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2e20 2041 2066 6163 variable. A fac\n-00023b30: 696c 6974 7927 7320 6465 6275 670a 6f75 ility's debug.ou\n-00023b40: 7470 7574 2063 616e 2074 6865 6e20 6265 tput can then be\n-00023b50: 2064 6973 6162 6c65 6420 6279 2070 7265 disabled by pre\n-00023b60: 6669 7869 6e67 2069 7473 206e 616d 6520 fixing its name \n-00023b70: 7769 7468 2061 20e2 8098 2de2 8099 2e20 with a ...-.... \n-00023b80: 2054 6865 206c 6173 740a 6f63 6375 7265 The last.occure\n-00023b90: 6e63 6520 6661 6369 6c69 7479 206e 616d nce facility nam\n-00023ba0: 6520 7769 7468 206f 7220 7769 7468 6f75 e with or withou\n-00023bb0: 7420 6120 6c65 6164 696e 6720 e280 982d t a leading ...-\n-00023bc0: e280 9920 7461 6b65 7320 7072 6563 656e ... takes precen\n-00023bd0: 6465 6e74 0a6f 7665 7220 616e 7920 7072 dent.over any pr\n-00023be0: 6576 696f 7573 206f 6363 7572 656e 6365 evious occurence\n-00023bf0: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 616c 6c6f 7773 2074 . This allows t\n-00023c00: 6865 2065 6173 7920 656e 6162 6c69 6e67 he easy enabling\n-00023c10: 206f 7220 6469 7361 626c 696e 670a 6f66 or disabling.of\n-00023c20: 2066 6163 696c 6974 6965 7320 6279 2061 facilities by a\n-00023c30: 7070 656e 6469 6e67 2061 20e2 8098 2ce2 ppending a ...,.\n-00023c40: 8099 2061 6e64 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6520 .. and then the \n-00023c50: 6661 6369 6c69 7479 206e 616d 6520 7769 facility name wi\n-00023c60: 7468 206f 720a 7769 7468 6f75 7420 7468 th or.without th\n-00023c70: 6520 6c65 6164 696e 6720 e280 982d e280 e leading ...-..\n-00023c80: 992c 2077 6869 6368 2077 696c 6c20 7072 ., which will pr\n-00023c90: 6573 6572 7665 2074 6865 2073 7461 7465 eserve the state\n-00023ca0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 7265 7374 206f 660a of the rest of.\n-00023cb0: 7468 6520 6661 6369 6c69 7469 6573 2e20 the facilities. \n-00023cc0: 2054 6865 2066 6163 696c 6974 7920 6e61 The facility na\n-00023cd0: 6d65 7320 6172 6520 7468 6520 6669 7273 mes are the firs\n-00023ce0: 7420 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 2074 6f0a 6772 t argument to.gr\n-00023cf0: 7562 5f64 7072 696e 7466 2e20 2043 6f6e ub_dprintf. Con\n-00023d00: 7375 6c74 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 6520 sult the source \n-00023d10: 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 2064 6574 6169 6c73 for more details\n-00023d20: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-00023d30: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2064 6566 info, Node: def\n-00023d40: 6175 6c74 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2066 616c ault, Next: fal\n-00023d50: 6c62 6163 6b2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6465 lback, Prev: de\n-00023d60: 6275 672c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 bug, Up: Specia\n-00023d70: 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 l environment va\n-00023d80: 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3130 riables..15.1.10\n-00023d90: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d default.-------\n-00023da0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4966 2074 6869 --------..If thi\n-00023db0: 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2069 7320 7365 s variable is se\n-00023dc0: 742c 2069 7420 6964 656e 7469 6669 6573 t, it identifies\n-00023dd0: 2061 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 7468 a menu entry th\n-00023de0: 6174 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 0a73 656c at should be.sel\n-00023df0: 6563 7465 6420 6279 2064 6566 6175 6c74 ected by default\n-00023e00: 2c20 706f 7373 6962 6c79 2061 6674 6572 , possibly after\n-00023e10: 2061 2074 696d 656f 7574 2028 2a6e 6f74 a timeout (*not\n-00023e20: 6520 7469 6d65 6f75 743a 3a29 2e20 2054 e timeout::). T\n-00023e30: 6865 0a65 6e74 7279 206d 6179 2062 6520 he.entry may be \n-00023e40: 6964 656e 7469 6669 6564 2062 7920 6e75 identified by nu\n-00023e50: 6d62 6572 2028 7374 6172 7469 6e67 2066 mber (starting f\n-00023e60: 726f 6d20 3020 6174 2065 6163 6820 6c65 rom 0 at each le\n-00023e70: 7665 6c20 6f66 2074 6865 0a68 6965 7261 vel of the.hiera\n-00023e80: 7263 6879 292c 2062 7920 7469 746c 652c rchy), by title,\n-00023e90: 206f 7220 6279 2069 642e 0a0a 2020 2046 or by id... F\n-00023ea0: 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 6966 2079 or example, if y\n-00023eb0: 6f75 2068 6176 653a 0a0a 6d65 6e75 656e ou have:..menuen\n-00023ec0: 7472 7920 2745 7861 6d70 6c65 2047 4e55 try 'Example GNU\n-00023ed0: 2f4c 696e 7578 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 /Linux distribut\n-00023ee0: 696f 6e27 202d 2d63 6c61 7373 2067 6e75 ion' --class gnu\n-00023ef0: 2d6c 696e 7578 202d 2d69 6420 6578 616d -linux --id exam\n-00023f00: 706c 652d 676e 752d 6c69 6e75 7820 7b0a ple-gnu-linux {.\n-00023f10: 092e 2e2e 0a7d 0a0a 2020 2074 6865 6e20 .....}.. then \n-00023f20: 796f 7520 6361 6e20 6d61 6b65 2074 6869 you can make thi\n-00023f30: 7320 7468 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 7573 s the default us\n-00023f40: 696e 673a 0a0a 2020 2020 2064 6566 6175 ing:.. defau\n-00023f50: 6c74 3d65 7861 6d70 6c65 2d67 6e75 2d6c lt=example-gnu-l\n-00023f60: 696e 7578 0a0a 2020 2049 6620 7468 6520 inux.. If the \n-00023f70: 656e 7472 7920 6973 2069 6e20 6120 7375 entry is in a su\n-00023f80: 626d 656e 752c 2074 6865 6e20 6974 206d bmenu, then it m\n-00023f90: 7573 7420 6265 2069 6465 6e74 6966 6965 ust be identifie\n-00023fa0: 6420 7573 696e 6720 7468 650a 6e75 6d62 d using the.numb\n-00023fb0: 6572 2c20 7469 746c 652c 206f 7220 6964 er, title, or id\n-00023fc0: 206f 6620 6561 6368 206f 6620 7468 6520 of each of the \n-00023fd0: 7375 626d 656e 7573 2073 7461 7274 696e submenus startin\n-00023fe0: 6720 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2074 6f70 0a6c g from the top.l\n-00023ff0: 6576 656c 2c20 666f 6c6c 6f77 6564 2062 evel, followed b\n-00024000: 7920 7468 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 2c20 7469 y the number, ti\n-00024010: 746c 652c 206f 7220 6964 206f 6620 7468 tle, or id of th\n-00024020: 6520 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 2069 7473 e menu entry its\n-00024030: 656c 662c 0a77 6974 6820 6561 6368 2065 elf,.with each e\n-00024040: 6c65 6d65 6e74 2073 6570 6172 6174 6564 lement separated\n-00024050: 2062 7920 e280 983e e280 992e 2020 466f by ...>.... Fo\n-00024060: 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c 2074 616b 6520 r example, take \n-00024070: 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 670a 6d65 the following.me\n-00024080: 6e75 2073 7472 7563 7475 7265 3a0a 0a20 nu structure:.. \n-00024090: 2020 2020 474e 552f 4875 7264 202d 2d69 GNU/Hurd --i\n-000240a0: 6420 676e 752d 6875 7264 0a20 2020 2020 d gnu-hurd. \n-000240b0: 2020 5374 616e 6461 7264 2042 6f6f 7420 Standard Boot \n-000240c0: 2d2d 6964 3d67 6e75 2d68 7572 642d 7374 --id=gnu-hurd-st\n-000240d0: 640a 2020 2020 2020 2052 6573 6375 6520 d. Rescue \n-000240e0: 7368 656c 6c20 2d2d 6964 3d67 6e75 2d68 shell --id=gnu-h\n-000240f0: 7572 642d 7265 7363 7565 0a20 2020 2020 urd-rescue. \n-00024100: 4f74 6865 7220 706c 6174 666f 726d 7320 Other platforms \n-00024110: 2d2d 6964 3d6f 7468 6572 0a20 2020 2020 --id=other. \n-00024120: 2020 4d69 6e69 7820 2d2d 6964 3d6d 696e Minix --id=min\n-00024130: 6978 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 5665 7273 ix. Vers\n-00024140: 696f 6e20 332e 342e 3020 2d2d 6964 3d6d ion 3.4.0 --id=m\n-00024150: 696e 6978 2d33 2e34 2e30 0a20 2020 2020 inix-3.4.0. \n-00024160: 2020 2020 5665 7273 696f 6e20 332e 332e Version 3.3.\n-00024170: 3020 2d2d 6964 3d6d 696e 6978 2d33 2e33 0 --id=minix-3.3\n-00024180: 2e30 0a20 2020 2020 2020 4752 5542 2049 .0. GRUB I\n-00024190: 6e76 6164 6572 7320 2d2d 6964 3d67 7275 nvaders --id=gru\n-000241a0: 622d 696e 7661 6465 7273 0a0a 2020 2054 b-invaders.. T\n-000241b0: 6865 206d 6f72 6520 7265 6365 6e74 2072 he more recent r\n-000241c0: 656c 6561 7365 206f 6620 4d69 6e69 7820 elease of Minix \n-000241d0: 776f 756c 6420 7468 656e 2062 6520 6964 would then be id\n-000241e0: 656e 7469 6669 6564 2061 7320 e280 984f entified as ...O\n-000241f0: 7468 6572 0a70 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 3e4d ther.platforms>M\n-00024200: 696e 6978 3e56 6572 7369 6f6e 2033 2e34 inix>Version 3.4\n-00024210: 2e30 e280 992c 206f 7220 6173 20e2 8098 .0..., or as ...\n-00024220: 313e 303e 30e2 8099 2c20 6f72 2061 730a 1>0>0..., or as.\n-00024230: e280 986f 7468 6572 3e6d 696e 6978 3e6d ...other>minix>m\n-00024240: 696e 6978 2d33 2e34 2e30 e280 992e 0a0a inix-3.4.0......\n-00024250: 2020 2054 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 This variable\n-00024260: 2069 7320 6f66 7465 6e20 7365 7420 6279 is often set by\n-00024270: 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f44 4546 4155 4c54 ...GRUB_DEFAULT\n-00024280: e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2053 696d 706c ... (*note Simpl\n-00024290: 650a 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e3a e.configuration:\n-000242a0: 3a29 2c20 e280 9867 7275 622d 7365 742d :), ...grub-set-\n-000242b0: 6465 6661 756c 74e2 8099 2c20 6f72 20e2 default..., or .\n-000242c0: 8098 6772 7562 2d72 6562 6f6f 74e2 8099 ..grub-reboot...\n-000242d0: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-000242e0: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2066 616c info, Node: fal\n-000242f0: 6c62 6163 6b2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6766 lback, Next: gf\n-00024300: 786d 6f64 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6465 xmode, Prev: de\n-00024310: 6661 756c 742c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 fault, Up: Spec\n-00024320: 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 ial environment \n-00024330: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e variables..15.1.\n-00024340: 3131 2066 616c 6c62 6163 6b0a 2d2d 2d2d 11 fallback.----\n-00024350: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4966 ------------..If\n-00024360: 2074 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2069 this variable i\n-00024370: 7320 7365 742c 2069 7420 6964 656e 7469 s set, it identi\n-00024380: 6669 6573 2061 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 fies a menu entr\n-00024390: 7920 7468 6174 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 y that should be\n-000243a0: 0a73 656c 6563 7465 6420 6966 2074 6865 .selected if the\n-000243b0: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 206d 656e 7520 656e default menu en\n-000243c0: 7472 7920 6661 696c 7320 746f 2062 6f6f try fails to boo\n-000243d0: 742e 2020 456e 7472 6965 7320 6172 650a t. Entries are.\n-000243e0: 6964 656e 7469 6669 6564 2069 6e20 7468 identified in th\n-000243f0: 6520 7361 6d65 2077 6179 2061 7320 666f e same way as fo\n-00024400: 7220 e280 9864 6566 6175 6c74 e280 9920 r ...default... \n-00024410: 282a 6e6f 7465 2064 6566 6175 6c74 3a3a (*note default::\n-00024420: 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 ).....File: grub\n-00024430: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6766 .info, Node: gf\n-00024440: 786d 6f64 652c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6766 xmode, Next: gf\n-00024450: 7870 6179 6c6f 6164 2c20 2050 7265 763a xpayload, Prev:\n-00024460: 2066 616c 6c62 6163 6b2c 2020 5570 3a20 fallback, Up: \n-00024470: 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d Special environm\n-00024480: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 ent variables..1\n-00024490: 352e 312e 3132 2067 6678 6d6f 6465 0a2d 5.1.12 gfxmode.-\n-000244a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n-000244b0: 4966 2074 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 If this variable\n-000244c0: 2069 7320 7365 742c 2069 7420 7365 7473 is set, it sets\n-000244d0: 2074 6865 2072 6573 6f6c 7574 696f 6e20 the resolution \n-000244e0: 7573 6564 206f 6e20 7468 6520 e280 9867 used on the ...g\n-000244f0: 6678 7465 726d e280 990a 6772 6170 6869 fxterm....graphi\n-00024500: 6361 6c20 7465 726d 696e 616c 2e20 204e cal terminal. N\n-00024510: 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2079 6f75 2063 616e ote that you can\n-00024520: 206f 6e6c 7920 7573 6520 6d6f 6465 7320 only use modes \n-00024530: 7768 6963 6820 796f 7572 0a67 7261 7068 which your.graph\n-00024540: 6963 7320 6361 7264 2073 7570 706f 7274 ics card support\n-00024550: 7320 7669 6120 5645 5341 2042 494f 5320 s via VESA BIOS \n-00024560: 4578 7465 6e73 696f 6e73 2028 5642 4529 Extensions (VBE)\n-00024570: 2c20 736f 2066 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 , so for example\n-00024580: 0a6e 6174 6976 6520 4c43 4420 7061 6e65 .native LCD pane\n-00024590: 6c20 7265 736f 6c75 7469 6f6e 7320 6d61 l resolutions ma\n-000245a0: 7920 6e6f 7420 6265 2061 7661 696c 6162 y not be availab\n-000245b0: 6c65 2e20 2054 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 le. The default\n-000245c0: 2069 730a e280 9861 7574 6fe2 8099 2c20 is....auto..., \n-000245d0: 7768 6963 6820 7365 6c65 6374 7320 6120 which selects a \n-000245e0: 706c 6174 666f 726d 2d73 7065 6369 6669 platform-specifi\n-000245f0: 6320 6465 6661 756c 7420 7468 6174 2073 c default that s\n-00024600: 686f 756c 6420 6c6f 6f6b 0a72 6561 736f hould look.reaso\n-00024610: 6e61 626c 652e 2020 5375 7070 6f72 7465 nable. Supporte\n-00024620: 6420 6d6f 6465 7320 6361 6e20 6265 206c d modes can be l\n-00024630: 6973 7465 6420 6279 20e2 8098 7669 6465 isted by ...vide\n-00024640: 6f69 6e66 6fe2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 oinfo... command\n-00024650: 2069 6e0a 4752 5542 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 in.GRUB... Th\n-00024660: 6520 7265 736f 6c75 7469 6f6e 206d 6179 e resolution may\n-00024670: 2062 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 6173 be specified as\n-00024680: 2061 2073 6571 7565 6e63 6520 6f66 206f a sequence of o\n-00024690: 6e65 206f 7220 6d6f 7265 206d 6f64 6573 ne or more modes\n-000246a0: 2c0a 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 2063 ,.separated by c\n-000246b0: 6f6d 6d61 7320 28e2 8098 2ce2 8099 2920 ommas (...,...) \n-000246c0: 6f72 2073 656d 6963 6f6c 6f6e 7320 28e2 or semicolons (.\n-000246d0: 8098 3be2 8099 293b 2065 6163 6820 7769 ..;...); each wi\n-000246e0: 6c6c 2062 6520 7472 6965 6420 696e 0a74 ll be tried in.t\n-000246f0: 7572 6e20 756e 7469 6c20 6f6e 6520 6973 urn until one is\n-00024700: 2066 6f75 6e64 2e20 2045 6163 6820 6d6f found. Each mo\n-00024710: 6465 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2065 6974 de should be eit\n-00024720: 6865 7220 e280 9861 7574 6fe2 8099 2c0a her ...auto...,.\n-00024730: e280 9857 4944 5448 7848 4549 4748 54e2 ...WIDTHxHEIGHT.\n-00024740: 8099 2c20 6f72 20e2 8098 5749 4454 4878 .., or ...WIDTHx\n-00024750: 4845 4947 4854 7844 4550 5448 e280 992e HEIGHTxDEPTH....\n-00024760: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-00024770: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6766 7870 nfo, Node: gfxp\n-00024780: 6179 6c6f 6164 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2067 ayload, Next: g\n-00024790: 6678 7465 726d 5f66 6f6e 742c 2020 5072 fxterm_font, Pr\n-000247a0: 6576 3a20 6766 786d 6f64 652c 2020 5570 ev: gfxmode, Up\n-000247b0: 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f : Special enviro\n-000247c0: 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a nment variables.\n-000247d0: 0a31 352e 312e 3133 2067 6678 7061 796c .15.1.13 gfxpayl\n-000247e0: 6f61 640a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d oad.------------\n-000247f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4966 2074 6869 7320 ------..If this \n-00024800: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2069 7320 7365 742c variable is set,\n-00024810: 2069 7420 636f 6e74 726f 6c73 2074 6865 it controls the\n-00024820: 2076 6964 656f 206d 6f64 6520 696e 2077 video mode in w\n-00024830: 6869 6368 2074 6865 204c 696e 7578 0a6b hich the Linux.k\n-00024840: 6572 6e65 6c20 7374 6172 7473 2075 702c ernel starts up,\n-00024850: 2072 6570 6c61 6369 6e67 2074 6865 20e2 replacing the .\n-00024860: 8098 7667 613d e280 9920 626f 6f74 206f ..vga=... boot o\n-00024870: 7074 696f 6e20 282a 6e6f 7465 206c 696e ption (*note lin\n-00024880: 7578 3a3a 292e 2020 4974 0a6d 6179 2062 ux::). It.may b\n-00024890: 6520 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 7465 7874 e set to ...text\n-000248a0: e280 9920 746f 2066 6f72 6365 2074 6865 ... to force the\n-000248b0: 204c 696e 7578 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 746f Linux kernel to\n-000248c0: 2062 6f6f 7420 696e 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 boot in normal \n-000248d0: 7465 7874 0a6d 6f64 652c 20e2 8098 6b65 text.mode, ...ke\n-000248e0: 6570 e280 9920 746f 2070 7265 7365 7276 ep... to preserv\n-000248f0: 6520 7468 6520 6772 6170 6869 6373 206d e the graphics m\n-00024900: 6f64 6520 7365 7420 7573 696e 6720 e280 ode set using ..\n-00024910: 9867 6678 6d6f 6465 e280 992c 206f 7220 .gfxmode..., or \n-00024920: 616e 790a 6f66 2074 6865 2070 6572 6d69 any.of the permi\n-00024930: 7474 6564 2076 616c 7565 7320 666f 7220 tted values for \n-00024940: e280 9867 6678 6d6f 6465 e280 9920 746f ...gfxmode... to\n-00024950: 2073 6574 2061 2070 6172 7469 6375 6c61 set a particula\n-00024960: 7220 6772 6170 6869 6373 206d 6f64 650a r graphics mode.\n-00024970: 282a 6e6f 7465 2067 6678 6d6f 6465 3a3a (*note gfxmode::\n-00024980: 292e 0a0a 2020 2044 6570 656e 6469 6e67 )... Depending\n-00024990: 206f 6e20 796f 7572 206b 6572 6e65 6c2c on your kernel,\n-000249a0: 2079 6f75 7220 6469 7374 7269 6275 7469 your distributi\n-000249b0: 6f6e 2c20 796f 7572 2067 7261 7068 6963 on, your graphic\n-000249c0: 7320 6361 7264 2c20 616e 640a 7468 6520 s card, and.the \n-000249d0: 7068 6173 6520 6f66 2074 6865 206d 6f6f phase of the moo\n-000249e0: 6e2c 206e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2075 7369 n, note that usi\n-000249f0: 6e67 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 206d ng this option m\n-00024a00: 6179 2063 6175 7365 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e ay cause GNU/Lin\n-00024a10: 7578 0a74 6f20 7375 6666 6572 2066 726f ux.to suffer fro\n-00024a20: 6d20 7661 7269 6f75 7320 6469 7370 6c61 m various displa\n-00024a30: 7920 7072 6f62 6c65 6d73 2c20 7061 7274 y problems, part\n-00024a40: 6963 756c 6172 6c79 2064 7572 696e 6720 icularly during \n-00024a50: 7468 6520 6561 726c 790a 7061 7274 206f the early.part o\n-00024a60: 6620 7468 6520 626f 6f74 2073 6571 7565 f the boot seque\n-00024a70: 6e63 652e 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2068 6176 nce. If you hav\n-00024a80: 6520 7072 6f62 6c65 6d73 2c20 7365 7420 e problems, set \n-00024a90: 7468 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 746f this variable to\n-00024aa0: 0ae2 8098 7465 7874 e280 9920 616e 6420 ....text... and \n-00024ab0: 4752 5542 2077 696c 6c20 7465 6c6c 204c GRUB will tell L\n-00024ac0: 696e 7578 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 2069 6e20 inux to boot in \n-00024ad0: 6e6f 726d 616c 2074 6578 7420 6d6f 6465 normal text mode\n-00024ae0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 6465 6661 756c ... The defaul\n-00024af0: 7420 6973 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2d 7370 t is platform-sp\n-00024b00: 6563 6966 6963 2e20 204f 6e20 706c 6174 ecific. On plat\n-00024b10: 666f 726d 7320 7769 7468 2061 206e 6174 forms with a nat\n-00024b20: 6976 6520 7465 7874 0a6d 6f64 6520 2873 ive text.mode (s\n-00024b30: 7563 6820 6173 2050 4320 4249 4f53 2070 uch as PC BIOS p\n-00024b40: 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 292c 2074 6865 2064 latforms), the d\n-00024b50: 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 e280 9874 6578 efault is ...tex\n-00024b60: 74e2 8099 2e20 204f 7468 6572 7769 7365 t.... Otherwise\n-00024b70: 2074 6865 0a64 6566 6175 6c74 206d 6179 the.default may\n-00024b80: 2062 6520 e280 9861 7574 6fe2 8099 206f be ...auto... o\n-00024b90: 7220 6120 7370 6563 6966 6963 2076 6964 r a specific vid\n-00024ba0: 656f 206d 6f64 652e 0a0a 2020 2054 6869 eo mode... Thi\n-00024bb0: 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2069 7320 6f66 s variable is of\n-00024bc0: 7465 6e20 7365 7420 6279 20e2 8098 4752 ten set by ...GR\n-00024bd0: 5542 5f47 4658 5041 594c 4f41 445f 4c49 UB_GFXPAYLOAD_LI\n-00024be0: 4e55 58e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 5369 NUX... (*note Si\n-00024bf0: 6d70 6c65 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 mple.configurati\n-00024c00: 6f6e 3a3a 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 on::).....File: \n-00024c10: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-00024c20: 3a20 6766 7874 6572 6d5f 666f 6e74 2c20 : gfxterm_font, \n-00024c30: 204e 6578 743a 2067 7275 625f 6370 752c Next: grub_cpu,\n-00024c40: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6766 7870 6179 6c6f Prev: gfxpaylo\n-00024c50: 6164 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c ad, Up: Special\n-00024c60: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n-00024c70: 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e31 3420 iables..15.1.14 \n-00024c80: 6766 7874 6572 6d5f 666f 6e74 0a2d 2d2d gfxterm_font.---\n-00024c90: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00024ca0: 2d0a 0a49 6620 7468 6973 2076 6172 6961 -..If this varia\n-00024cb0: 626c 6520 6973 2073 6574 2c20 6974 206e ble is set, it n\n-00024cc0: 616d 6573 2061 2066 6f6e 7420 746f 2075 ames a font to u\n-00024cd0: 7365 2066 6f72 2074 6578 7420 6f6e 2074 se for text on t\n-00024ce0: 6865 0ae2 8098 6766 7874 6572 6de2 8099 he....gfxterm...\n-00024cf0: 2067 7261 7068 6963 616c 2074 6572 6d69 graphical termi\n-00024d00: 6e61 6c2e 2020 4f74 6865 7277 6973 652c nal. Otherwise,\n-00024d10: 20e2 8098 6766 7874 6572 6de2 8099 206d ...gfxterm... m\n-00024d20: 6179 2075 7365 2061 6e79 0a61 7661 696c ay use any.avail\n-00024d30: 6162 6c65 2066 6f6e 742e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 able font.....Fi\n-00024d40: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-00024d50: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6772 7562 5f63 7075 2c20 Node: grub_cpu, \n-00024d60: 204e 6578 743a 2067 7275 625f 706c 6174 Next: grub_plat\n-00024d70: 666f 726d 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2067 6678 form, Prev: gfx\n-00024d80: 7465 726d 5f66 6f6e 742c 2020 5570 3a20 term_font, Up: \n-00024d90: 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d Special environm\n-00024da0: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 ent variables..1\n-00024db0: 352e 312e 3135 2067 7275 625f 6370 750a 5.1.15 grub_cpu.\n-00024dc0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00024dd0: 0a0a 496e 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 6d6f 6465 ..In normal mode\n-00024de0: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6e6f 726d 616c 3a3a (*note normal::\n-00024df0: 292c 2047 5255 4220 7365 7473 2074 6865 ), GRUB sets the\n-00024e00: 20e2 8098 6772 7562 5f63 7075 e280 9920 ...grub_cpu... \n-00024e10: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2074 6f0a 7468 6520 variable to.the \n-00024e20: 4350 5520 7479 7065 2066 6f72 2077 6869 CPU type for whi\n-00024e30: 6368 2047 5255 4220 7761 7320 6275 696c ch GRUB was buil\n-00024e40: 7420 2865 2e67 2e20 20e2 8098 6933 3836 t (e.g. ...i386\n-00024e50: e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 706f 7765 7270 ... or ...powerp\n-00024e60: 63e2 8099 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 c...).....File: \n-00024e70: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-00024e80: 3a20 6772 7562 5f70 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2c : grub_platform,\n-00024e90: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6963 6f6e 6469 722c Next: icondir,\n-00024ea0: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6772 7562 5f63 7075 Prev: grub_cpu\n-00024eb0: 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 , Up: Special e\n-00024ec0: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n-00024ed0: 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e31 3620 6772 bles..15.1.16 gr\n-00024ee0: 7562 5f70 6c61 7466 6f72 6d0a 2d2d 2d2d ub_platform.----\n-00024ef0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00024f00: 2d0a 0a49 6e20 6e6f 726d 616c 206d 6f64 -..In normal mod\n-00024f10: 6520 282a 6e6f 7465 206e 6f72 6d61 6c3a e (*note normal:\n-00024f20: 3a29 2c20 4752 5542 2073 6574 7320 7468 :), GRUB sets th\n-00024f30: 6520 e280 9867 7275 625f 706c 6174 666f e ...grub_platfo\n-00024f40: 726d e280 9920 7661 7269 6162 6c65 0a74 rm... variable.t\n-00024f50: 6f20 7468 6520 706c 6174 666f 726d 2066 o the platform f\n-00024f60: 6f72 2077 6869 6368 2047 5255 4220 7761 or which GRUB wa\n-00024f70: 7320 6275 696c 7420 2865 2e67 2e20 20e2 s built (e.g. .\n-00024f80: 8098 7063 e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 6566 ..pc... or ...ef\n-00024f90: 69e2 8099 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 i...).....File: \n-00024fa0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-00024fb0: 3a20 6963 6f6e 6469 722c 2020 4e65 7874 : icondir, Next\n-00024fc0: 3a20 6c61 6e67 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2067 : lang, Prev: g\n-00024fd0: 7275 625f 706c 6174 666f 726d 2c20 2055 rub_platform, U\n-00024fe0: 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 p: Special envir\n-00024ff0: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 onment variables\n-00025000: 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e31 3720 6963 6f6e 6469 ..15.1.17 icondi\n-00025010: 720a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d r.--------------\n-00025020: 2d0a 0a49 6620 7468 6973 2076 6172 6961 -..If this varia\n-00025030: 626c 6520 6973 2073 6574 2c20 6974 206e ble is set, it n\n-00025040: 616d 6573 2061 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 ames a directory\n-00025050: 2069 6e20 7768 6963 6820 7468 6520 4752 in which the GR\n-00025060: 5542 0a67 7261 7068 6963 616c 206d 656e UB.graphical men\n-00025070: 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 206c 6f6f 6b20 666f u should look fo\n-00025080: 7220 6963 6f6e 7320 6166 7465 7220 6c6f r icons after lo\n-00025090: 6f6b 696e 6720 696e 2074 6865 2074 6865 oking in the the\n-000250a0: 6d65 2773 0ae2 8098 6963 6f6e 73e2 8099 me's....icons...\n-000250b0: 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2e20 202a 4e6f directory. *No\n-000250c0: 7465 2054 6865 6d65 2066 696c 6520 666f te Theme file fo\n-000250d0: 726d 6174 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a rmat::.....File:\n-000250e0: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-000250f0: 653a 206c 616e 672c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 e: lang, Next: \n-00025100: 6c6f 6361 6c65 5f64 6972 2c20 2050 7265 locale_dir, Pre\n-00025110: 763a 2069 636f 6e64 6972 2c20 2055 703a v: icondir, Up:\n-00025120: 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e Special environ\n-00025130: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a ment variables..\n-00025140: 3135 2e31 2e31 3820 6c61 6e67 0a2d 2d2d 15.1.18 lang.---\n-00025150: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a49 6620 7468 ---------..If th\n-00025160: 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6973 2073 is variable is s\n-00025170: 6574 2c20 6974 206e 616d 6573 2074 6865 et, it names the\n-00025180: 206c 616e 6775 6167 6520 636f 6465 2074 language code t\n-00025190: 6861 7420 7468 6520 e280 9867 6574 7465 hat the ...gette\n-000251a0: 7874 e280 990a 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 282a xt....command (*\n-000251b0: 6e6f 7465 2067 6574 7465 7874 3a3a 2920 note gettext::) \n-000251c0: 7573 6573 2074 6f20 7472 616e 736c 6174 uses to translat\n-000251d0: 6520 7374 7269 6e67 732e 2020 466f 7220 e strings. For \n-000251e0: 6578 616d 706c 652c 0a46 7265 6e63 6820 example,.French \n-000251f0: 776f 756c 6420 6265 206e 616d 6564 2061 would be named a\n-00025200: 7320 e280 9866 72e2 8099 2c20 616e 6420 s ...fr..., and \n-00025210: 5369 6d70 6c69 6669 6564 2043 6869 6e65 Simplified Chine\n-00025220: 7365 2061 7320 e280 987a 685f 434e e280 se as ...zh_CN..\n-00025230: 992e 0a0a 2020 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d .... ...grub-m\n-00025240: 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 kconfig... (*not\n-00025250: 6520 5369 6d70 6c65 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 e Simple configu\n-00025260: 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a 2920 7769 6c6c 2074 ration::) will t\n-00025270: 7279 2074 6f20 7365 7420 610a 7265 6173 ry to set a.reas\n-00025280: 6f6e 6162 6c65 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2066 onable default f\n-00025290: 6f72 2074 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 or this variable\n-000252a0: 2062 6173 6564 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7379 based on the sy\n-000252b0: 7374 656d 206c 6f63 616c 652e 0a0a 1f0a stem locale.....\n-000252c0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-000252d0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6c6f 6361 6c65 5f64 Node: locale_d\n-000252e0: 6972 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206c 6f63 6b64 ir, Next: lockd\n-000252f0: 6f77 6e2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6c61 6e67 own, Prev: lang\n-00025300: 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 , Up: Special e\n-00025310: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n-00025320: 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e31 3920 6c6f bles..15.1.19 lo\n-00025330: 6361 6c65 5f64 6972 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d cale_dir.-------\n-00025340: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a49 6620 -----------..If \n-00025350: 7468 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6973 this variable is\n-00025360: 2073 6574 2c20 6974 206e 616d 6573 2074 set, it names t\n-00025370: 6865 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2077 6865 he directory whe\n-00025380: 7265 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 7469 6f6e 2066 re translation f\n-00025390: 696c 6573 0a6d 6179 2062 6520 666f 756e iles.may be foun\n-000253a0: 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 2067 6574 7465 7874 d (*note gettext\n-000253b0: 3a3a 292c 2075 7375 616c 6c79 20e2 8098 ::), usually ...\n-000253c0: 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 2f6c 6f63 616c /boot/grub/local\n-000253d0: 65e2 8099 2e20 204f 7468 6572 7769 7365 e.... Otherwise\n-000253e0: 2c0a 696e 7465 726e 6174 696f 6e61 6c69 ,.internationali\n-000253f0: 7a61 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 6469 7361 626c zation is disabl\n-00025400: 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 9867 7275 622d ed... ...grub-\n-00025410: 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 e280 9920 282a 6e6f mkconfig... (*no\n-00025420: 7465 2053 696d 706c 6520 636f 6e66 6967 te Simple config\n-00025430: 7572 6174 696f 6e3a 3a29 2077 696c 6c20 uration::) will \n-00025440: 7365 7420 6120 7265 6173 6f6e 6162 6c65 set a reasonable\n-00025450: 0a64 6566 6175 6c74 2066 6f72 2074 6869 .default for thi\n-00025460: 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2069 6620 696e s variable if in\n-00025470: 7465 726e 6174 696f 6e61 6c69 7a61 7469 ternationalizati\n-00025480: 6f6e 2069 7320 6e65 6564 6564 2061 6e64 on is needed and\n-00025490: 2061 6e79 0a74 7261 6e73 6c61 7469 6f6e any.translation\n-000254a0: 2066 696c 6573 2061 7265 2061 7661 696c files are avail\n-000254b0: 6162 6c65 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 able.....File: g\n-000254c0: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-000254d0: 206c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e2c 2020 4e65 7874 lockdown, Next\n-000254e0: 3a20 6d65 6e75 5f63 6f6c 6f72 5f68 6967 : menu_color_hig\n-000254f0: 686c 6967 6874 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206c hlight, Prev: l\n-00025500: 6f63 616c 655f 6469 722c 2020 5570 3a20 ocale_dir, Up: \n-00025510: 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d Special environm\n-00025520: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 ent variables..1\n-00025530: 352e 312e 3230 206c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e0a 5.1.20 lockdown.\n-00025540: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00025550: 0a0a 4966 2074 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 ..If this variab\n-00025560: 6c65 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 le is set to ...\n-00025570: 79e2 8099 2c20 6974 206d 6561 6e73 2074 y..., it means t\n-00025580: 6861 7420 4752 5542 2068 6173 2065 6e74 hat GRUB has ent\n-00025590: 6572 6564 202a 6e6f 7465 0a4c 6f63 6b64 ered *note.Lockd\n-000255a0: 6f77 6e3a 3a20 6d6f 6465 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 own:: mode.....F\n-000255b0: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-000255c0: 204e 6f64 653a 206d 656e 755f 636f 6c6f Node: menu_colo\n-000255d0: 725f 6869 6768 6c69 6768 742c 2020 4e65 r_highlight, Ne\n-000255e0: 7874 3a20 6d65 6e75 5f63 6f6c 6f72 5f6e xt: menu_color_n\n-000255f0: 6f72 6d61 6c2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6c6f ormal, Prev: lo\n-00025600: 636b 646f 776e 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 ckdown, Up: Spe\n-00025610: 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 cial environment\n-00025620: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 variables..15.1\n-00025630: 2e32 3120 6d65 6e75 5f63 6f6c 6f72 5f68 .21 menu_color_h\n-00025640: 6967 686c 6967 6874 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ighlight.-------\n-00025650: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00025660: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6869 7320 7661 7269 -----..This vari\n-00025670: 6162 6c65 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 7468 able contains th\n-00025680: 6520 666f 7265 6772 6f75 6e64 2061 6e64 e foreground and\n-00025690: 2062 6163 6b67 726f 756e 6420 636f 6c6f background colo\n-000256a0: 7273 2074 6f20 6265 2075 7365 640a 666f rs to be used.fo\n-000256b0: 7220 7468 6520 6869 6768 6c69 6768 7465 r the highlighte\n-000256c0: 6420 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 2c20 7365 d menu entry, se\n-000256d0: 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 2061 2073 6c61 parated by a sla\n-000256e0: 7368 2028 e280 982f e280 9929 2e20 2053 sh (.../...). 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0a46 696c etwork::.....Fil\n-00025a90: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-00025aa0: 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 ode: net__clientid, \n-00025ac0: 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 Next: net__clientuuid\n-00025ae0: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e , Prev: net__boot_fi\n-00025b00: 6c65 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c le, Up: Special\n-00025b10: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n-00025b20: 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e32 3420 iables..15.1.24 \n-00025b30: 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f net__\n-00025b40: 636c 6965 6e74 6964 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d clientid.-------\n+000223a0: 3d0a 0a54 6865 7365 2076 6172 6961 626c =..These variabl\n+000223b0: 6573 2068 6176 6520 7370 6563 6961 6c20 es have special \n+000223c0: 6d65 616e 696e 6720 746f 2047 5255 422e meaning to GRUB.\n+000223d0: 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2062 696f ..* Menu:..* bio\n+000223e0: 736e 756d 3a3a 0a2a 2063 6865 636b 5f73 snum::.* 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I\n+00022ba0: 6620 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 f the menu entry\n+00022bb0: 2069 7320 696e 206f 6e65 206f 7220 6d6f is in one or mo\n+00022bc0: 7265 2073 7562 6d65 6e75 732c 2074 6865 re submenus, the\n+00022bd0: 6e20 4348 4f53 454e 2069 7320 7365 7420 n CHOSEN is set \n+00022be0: 746f 0a74 6865 2074 6974 6c65 7320 6f66 to.the titles of\n+00022bf0: 2065 6163 6820 6f66 2074 6865 2073 7562 each of the sub\n+00022c00: 6d65 6e75 7320 7374 6172 7469 6e67 2066 menus starting f\n+00022c10: 726f 6d20 7468 6520 746f 7020 6c65 7665 rom the top leve\n+00022c20: 6c20 666f 6c6c 6f77 6564 0a62 7920 7468 l followed.by th\n+00022c30: 6520 7469 746c 6520 6f66 2074 6865 206d e title of the m\n+00022c40: 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 6974 7365 6c66 enu entry itself\n+00022c50: 2c20 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 20e2 , separated by .\n+00022c60: 8098 3ee2 8099 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a ..>........File:\n+00022c70: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+00022c80: 653a 2063 6d64 7061 7468 2c20 204e 6578 e: cmdpath, Nex\n+00022c90: 743a 2063 6f6c 6f72 5f68 6967 686c 6967 t: color_highlig\n+00022ca0: 6874 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2063 686f 7365 ht, Prev: chose\n+00022cb0: 6e2c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 n, Up: Special \n+00022cc0: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n+00022cd0: 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3420 636d ables..15.1.4 cm\n+00022ce0: 6470 6174 680a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d dpath.----------\n+00022cf0: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6520 6c6f 6361 7469 ----..The locati\n+00022d00: 6f6e 2066 726f 6d20 7768 6963 6820 e280 on from which ..\n+00022d10: 9863 6f72 652e 696d 67e2 8099 2077 6173 .core.img... was\n+00022d20: 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6173 2061 6e20 6162 loaded as an ab\n+00022d30: 736f 6c75 7465 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 solute directory\n+00022d40: 0a6e 616d 6520 282a 6e6f 7465 2046 696c .name (*note Fil\n+00022d50: 6520 6e61 6d65 2073 796e 7461 783a 3a29 e name syntax::)\n+00022d60: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 2073 6574 2062 . This is set b\n+00022d70: 7920 4752 5542 2061 7420 7374 6172 7475 y GRUB at startu\n+00022d80: 7020 6261 7365 640a 6f6e 2069 6e66 6f72 p based.on infor\n+00022d90: 6d61 7469 6f6e 2072 6574 7572 6e65 6420 mation returned \n+00022da0: 6279 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d20 6669 726d by platform firm\n+00022db0: 7761 7265 2e20 204e 6f74 2065 7665 7279 ware. Not every\n+00022dc0: 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d0a 7072 6f76 6964 platform.provid\n+00022dd0: 6573 2074 6869 7320 696e 666f 726d 6174 es this informat\n+00022de0: 696f 6e20 616e 6420 736f 6d65 206d 6179 ion and some may\n+00022df0: 2072 6574 7572 6e20 6f6e 6c79 2064 6576 return only dev\n+00022e00: 6963 6520 7769 7468 6f75 7420 7061 7468 ice without path\n+00022e10: 0a6e 616d 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 .name.....File: \n+00022e20: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+00022e30: 3a20 636f 6c6f 725f 6869 6768 6c69 6768 : color_highligh\n+00022e40: 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 636f 6c6f 725f t, Next: color_\n+00022e50: 6e6f 726d 616c 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2063 normal, Prev: c\n+00022e60: 6d64 7061 7468 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 mdpath, Up: Spe\n+00022e70: 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 cial environment\n+00022e80: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 variables..15.1\n+00022e90: 2e35 2063 6f6c 6f72 5f68 6967 686c 6967 .5 color_highlig\n+00022ea0: 6874 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ht.-------------\n+00022eb0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6869 7320 ---------..This \n+00022ec0: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2063 6f6e 7461 696e variable contain\n+00022ed0: 7320 7468 6520 2268 6967 686c 6967 6874 s the \"highlight\n+00022ee0: 2220 666f 7265 6772 6f75 6e64 2061 6e64 \" foreground and\n+00022ef0: 2062 6163 6b67 726f 756e 640a 7465 726d background.term\n+00022f00: 696e 616c 2063 6f6c 6f72 732c 2073 6570 inal colors, sep\n+00022f10: 6172 6174 6564 2062 7920 6120 736c 6173 arated by a slas\n+00022f20: 6820 28e2 8098 2fe2 8099 292e 2020 5365 h (.../...). Se\n+00022f30: 7474 696e 6720 7468 6973 2076 6172 6961 tting this varia\n+00022f40: 626c 650a 6368 616e 6765 7320 7468 6f73 ble.changes thos\n+00022f50: 6520 636f 6c6f 7273 2e20 2046 6f72 2074 e colors. For t\n+00022f60: 6865 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2063 6f6c he available col\n+00022f70: 6f72 206e 616d 6573 2c20 2a6e 6f74 650a or names, *note.\n+00022f80: 636f 6c6f 725f 6e6f 726d 616c 3a3a 2e0a color_normal::..\n+00022f90: 0a20 2020 5468 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 . The default \n+00022fa0: 6973 20e2 8098 626c 6163 6b2f 6c69 6768 is ...black/ligh\n+00022fb0: 742d 6772 6179 e280 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 t-gray........Fi\n+00022fc0: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n+00022fd0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 636f 6c6f 725f 6e6f 726d Node: color_norm\n+00022fe0: 616c 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2063 6f6e 6669 al, Next: confi\n+00022ff0: 675f 6469 7265 6374 6f72 792c 2020 5072 g_directory, Pr\n+00023000: 6576 3a20 636f 6c6f 725f 6869 6768 6c69 ev: color_highli\n+00023010: 6768 742c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 ght, Up: Specia\n+00023020: 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 l environment va\n+00023030: 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3620 riables..15.1.6 \n+00023040: 636f 6c6f 725f 6e6f 726d 616c 0a2d 2d2d color_normal.---\n+00023050: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00023060: 0a0a 5468 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 ..This variable \n+00023070: 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 2074 6865 2022 6e6f contains the \"no\n+00023080: 726d 616c 2220 666f 7265 6772 6f75 6e64 rmal\" foreground\n+00023090: 2061 6e64 2062 6163 6b67 726f 756e 6420 and background \n+000230a0: 7465 726d 696e 616c 0a63 6f6c 6f72 732c terminal.colors,\n+000230b0: 2073 6570 6172 6174 6564 2062 7920 6120 separated by a \n+000230c0: 736c 6173 6820 28e2 8098 2fe2 8099 292e slash (.../...).\n+000230d0: 2020 5365 7474 696e 6720 7468 6973 2076 Setting this v\n+000230e0: 6172 6961 626c 6520 6368 616e 6765 7320 ariable changes \n+000230f0: 7468 6f73 650a 636f 6c6f 7273 2e20 2045 those.colors. E\n+00023100: 6163 6820 636f 6c6f 7220 6d75 7374 2062 ach color must b\n+00023110: 6520 6120 6e61 6d65 2066 726f 6d20 7468 e a name from th\n+00023120: 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6c69 7374 e following list\n+00023130: 3a0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 626c 6163 6b0a :.. ... black.\n+00023140: 2020 20e2 80a2 2062 6c75 650a 2020 20e2 ... blue. .\n+00023150: 80a2 2067 7265 656e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 .. green. ... \n+00023160: 6379 616e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 7265 640a cyan. ... red.\n+00023170: 2020 20e2 80a2 206d 6167 656e 7461 0a20 ... magenta. \n+00023180: 2020 e280 a220 6272 6f77 6e0a 2020 20e2 ... brown. .\n+00023190: 80a2 206c 6967 6874 2d67 7261 790a 2020 .. light-gray. \n+000231a0: 20e2 80a2 2064 6172 6b2d 6772 6179 0a20 ... dark-gray. \n+000231b0: 2020 e280 a220 6c69 6768 742d 626c 7565 ... light-blue\n+000231c0: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6c69 6768 742d 6772 . ... light-gr\n+000231d0: 6565 6e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 206c 6967 6874 een. ... light\n+000231e0: 2d63 7961 6e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 206c 6967 -cyan. ... lig\n+000231f0: 6874 2d72 6564 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6c69 ht-red. ... li\n+00023200: 6768 742d 6d61 6765 6e74 610a 2020 20e2 ght-magenta. .\n+00023210: 80a2 2079 656c 6c6f 770a 2020 20e2 80a2 .. yellow. ...\n+00023220: 2077 6869 7465 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 2064 white.. The d\n+00023230: 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 e280 986c 6967 efault is ...lig\n+00023240: 6874 2d67 7261 792f 626c 6163 6be2 8099 ht-gray/black...\n+00023250: 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 636f 6c6f 7220 ... The color \n+00023260: 7375 7070 6f72 7420 7375 7070 6f72 7420 support support \n+00023270: 7661 7269 6573 2066 726f 6d20 7465 726d varies from term\n+00023280: 696e 616c 2074 6f20 7465 726d 696e 616c inal to terminal\n+00023290: 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 986d 6f72 7365 e280 ... ...morse..\n+000232a0: 9920 6861 7320 6e6f 2063 6f6c 6f72 2073 . has no color s\n+000232b0: 7570 706f 7274 2061 7420 616c 6c2e 0a0a upport at all...\n+000232c0: 2020 20e2 8098 6d64 615f 7465 7874 e280 ...mda_text..\n+000232d0: 9920 636f 6c6f 7220 7375 7070 6f72 7420 . color support \n+000232e0: 6973 206c 696d 6974 6564 2074 6f20 6869 is limited to hi\n+000232f0: 6768 6c69 6768 7469 6e67 2062 7920 626c ghlighting by bl\n+00023300: 6163 6b2f 7768 6974 650a 7265 7665 7273 ack/white.revers\n+00023310: 616c 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 9863 6f6e 736f al... ...conso\n+00023320: 6c65 e280 9920 6f6e 2041 5243 2c20 454d le... on ARC, EM\n+00023330: 5520 616e 6420 4945 4545 3132 3735 2c20 U and IEEE1275, \n+00023340: e280 9873 6572 6961 6c5f 2ae2 8099 2061 ...serial_*... a\n+00023350: 6e64 20e2 8098 7370 6b6d 6f64 656d e280 nd ...spkmodem..\n+00023360: 9920 6172 650a 676f 7665 726e 6564 2062 . are.governed b\n+00023370: 7920 7465 726d 696e 666f 2061 6e64 2073 y terminfo and s\n+00023380: 7570 706f 7274 206f 6e6c 7920 3820 636f upport only 8 co\n+00023390: 6c6f 7273 2069 6620 696e 206d 6f64 6573 lors if in modes\n+000233a0: 20e2 8098 7674 3130 302d 636f 6c6f 72e2 ...vt100-color.\n+000233b0: 8099 0a28 6465 6661 756c 7420 666f 7220 ...(default for \n+000233c0: 636f 6e73 6f6c 6520 6f6e 2065 6d75 292c console on emu),\n+000233d0: 20e2 8098 6172 63e2 8099 2028 6465 6661 ...arc... (defa\n+000233e0: 756c 7420 666f 7220 636f 6e73 6f6c 6520 ult for console \n+000233f0: 6f6e 2041 5243 292c 0ae2 8098 6965 6565 on ARC),....ieee\n+00023400: 3132 3735 e280 9920 2864 6566 6175 6c74 1275... (default\n+00023410: 2066 6f72 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 206f 6e20 for console on \n+00023420: 4945 4545 3132 3735 292e 2020 5768 656e IEEE1275). When\n+00023430: 2069 6e20 6d6f 6465 20e2 8098 7674 3130 in mode ...vt10\n+00023440: 30e2 8099 2074 6865 6e0a 7468 6520 636f 0... then.the co\n+00023450: 6c6f 7220 7375 7070 6f72 7420 6973 206c lor support is l\n+00023460: 696d 6974 6564 2074 6f20 6869 6768 6c69 imited to highli\n+00023470: 6768 7469 6e67 2062 7920 626c 6163 6b2f ghting by black/\n+00023480: 7768 6974 6520 7265 7665 7273 616c 2e0a white reversal..\n+00023490: 5768 656e 2069 6e20 6d6f 6465 20e2 8098 When in mode ...\n+000234a0: 6475 6d62 e280 9920 7468 6572 6520 6973 dumb... there is\n+000234b0: 206e 6f20 636f 6c6f 7220 7375 7070 6f72 no color suppor\n+000234c0: 742e 0a0a 2020 2057 6865 6e20 636f 6e73 t... When cons\n+000234d0: 6f6c 6520 7375 7070 6f72 7473 206e 6f20 ole supports no \n+000234e0: 636f 6c6f 7273 2074 6869 7320 7365 7474 colors this sett\n+000234f0: 696e 6720 6973 2069 676e 6f72 6564 2e20 ing is ignored. \n+00023500: 2057 6865 6e0a 636f 6e73 6f6c 6520 7375 When.console su\n+00023510: 7070 6f72 7473 2038 2063 6f6c 6f72 732c pports 8 colors,\n+00023520: 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6520 636f 6c6f 7273 then the colors\n+00023530: 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 7365 636f 6e64 from the second\n+00023540: 2068 616c 6620 6f66 2074 6865 0a70 7265 half of the.pre\n+00023550: 7669 6f75 7320 6c69 7374 2061 7265 206d vious list are m\n+00023560: 6170 7065 6420 746f 2074 6865 206d 6174 apped to the mat\n+00023570: 6368 696e 6720 636f 6c6f 7273 206f 6620 ching colors of \n+00023580: 6669 7273 7420 6861 6c66 2e0a 0a20 2020 first half... \n+00023590: e280 9863 6f6e 736f 6c65 e280 9920 6f6e ...console... on\n+000235a0: 2045 4649 2061 6e64 2042 494f 5320 616e EFI and BIOS an\n+000235b0: 6420 e280 9876 6761 5f74 6578 74e2 8099 d ...vga_text...\n+000235c0: 2073 7570 706f 7274 2061 6c6c 2031 3620 support all 16 \n+000235d0: 636f 6c6f 7273 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 9867 colors... ...g\n+000235e0: 6678 7465 726d e280 9920 7375 7070 6f72 fxterm... suppor\n+000235f0: 7473 2061 6c6c 2031 3620 636f 6c6f 7273 ts all 16 colors\n+00023600: 2061 6e64 2077 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 7468 and would be th\n+00023610: 656f 7265 7469 6361 6c6c 790a 6578 7465 eoretically.exte\n+00023620: 6e64 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 7375 7070 6f72 ndable to suppor\n+00023630: 7420 7768 6f6c 6520 7267 6232 3420 7061 t whole rgb24 pa\n+00023640: 6c65 7474 6520 6275 7420 6375 7272 656e lette but curren\n+00023650: 746c 7920 7468 6572 6520 6973 206e 6f0a tly there is no.\n+00023660: 636f 6d70 656c 6c69 6e67 2072 6561 736f compelling reaso\n+00023670: 6e20 746f 2067 6f20 6265 796f 6e64 2074 n to go beyond t\n+00023680: 6865 2063 7572 7265 6e74 2031 3620 636f he current 16 co\n+00023690: 6c6f 7273 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 lors.....File: g\n+000236a0: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+000236b0: 2063 6f6e 6669 675f 6469 7265 6374 6f72 config_director\n+000236c0: 792c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 636f 6e66 6967 y, Next: config\n+000236d0: 5f66 696c 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 636f _file, Prev: co\n+000236e0: 6c6f 725f 6e6f 726d 616c 2c20 2055 703a lor_normal, Up:\n+000236f0: 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e Special environ\n+00023700: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a ment variables..\n+00023710: 3135 2e31 2e37 2063 6f6e 6669 675f 6469 15.1.7 config_di\n+00023720: 7265 6374 6f72 790a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d rectory.--------\n+00023730: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n+00023740: 0a54 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2069 .This variable i\n+00023750: 7320 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6361 6c6c 7920 s automatically \n+00023760: 7365 7420 6279 2047 5255 4220 746f 2074 set by GRUB to t\n+00023770: 6865 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2070 6172 he directory par\n+00023780: 7420 6f66 0a63 7572 7265 6e74 2063 6f6e t of.current con\n+00023790: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 figuration file \n+000237a0: 6e61 6d65 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 636f 6e66 name (*note conf\n+000237b0: 6967 5f66 696c 653a 3a29 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 ig_file::).....F\n+000237c0: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+000237d0: 204e 6f64 653a 2063 6f6e 6669 675f 6669 Node: config_fi\n+000237e0: 6c65 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2064 6562 7567 le, Next: debug\n+000237f0: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2063 6f6e 6669 675f , Prev: config_\n+00023800: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 792c 2020 5570 3a20 directory, Up: \n+00023810: 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d Special environm\n+00023820: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 ent variables..1\n+00023830: 352e 312e 3820 636f 6e66 6967 5f66 696c 5.1.8 config_fil\n+00023840: 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d e.--------------\n+00023850: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6973 2076 6172 6961 ----..This varia\n+00023860: 626c 6520 6973 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 ble is automatic\n+00023870: 616c 6c79 2073 6574 2062 7920 4752 5542 ally set by GRUB\n+00023880: 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6e61 6d65 206f 6620 to the name of \n+00023890: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e0a 6669 configuration.fi\n+000238a0: 6c65 2074 6861 7420 6973 2062 6569 6e67 le that is being\n+000238b0: 2070 726f 6365 7373 6564 2062 7920 636f processed by co\n+000238c0: 6d6d 616e 6473 20e2 8098 636f 6e66 6967 mmands ...config\n+000238d0: 6669 6c65 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 0a63 file... 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(*n\n+00023900: 6f74 6520 6e6f 726d 616c 3a3a 292e 2020 ote normal::). \n+00023910: 4974 2069 7320 7265 7374 6f72 6564 2074 It is restored t\n+00023920: 6f20 7468 650a 7072 6576 696f 7573 2076 o the.previous v\n+00023930: 616c 7565 2077 6865 6e20 636f 6d6d 616e alue when comman\n+00023940: 6420 636f 6d70 6c65 7465 732e 0a0a 1f0a d completes.....\n+00023950: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+00023960: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6465 6275 672c 2020 Node: debug, \n+00023970: 4e65 7874 3a20 6465 6661 756c 742c 2020 Next: default, \n+00023980: 5072 6576 3a20 636f 6e66 6967 5f66 696c Prev: config_fil\n+00023990: 652c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 e, Up: Special \n+000239a0: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n+000239b0: 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3920 6465 ables..15.1.9 de\n+000239c0: 6275 670a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d bug.------------\n+000239d0: 0a0a 5468 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 ..This variable \n+000239e0: 6d61 7920 6265 2073 6574 2074 6f20 656e may be set to en\n+000239f0: 6162 6c65 2064 6562 7567 6769 6e67 206f able debugging o\n+00023a00: 7574 7075 7420 6672 6f6d 2076 6172 696f utput from vario\n+00023a10: 7573 0a63 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 7320 6f66 us.components of\n+00023a20: 2047 5255 422e 2054 6865 2076 616c 7565 GRUB. 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A facility's \n+00023b30: 6465 6275 670a 6f75 7470 7574 2063 616e debug.output can\n+00023b40: 2074 6865 6e20 6265 2064 6973 6162 6c65 then be disable\n+00023b50: 6420 6279 2070 7265 6669 7869 6e67 2069 d by prefixing i\n+00023b60: 7473 206e 616d 6520 7769 7468 2061 20e2 ts name with a .\n+00023b70: 8098 2de2 8099 2e20 2054 6865 206c 6173 ..-.... The las\n+00023b80: 740a 6f63 6375 7265 6e63 6520 6661 6369 t.occurence faci\n+00023b90: 6c69 7479 206e 616d 6520 7769 7468 206f lity name with o\n+00023ba0: 7220 7769 7468 6f75 7420 6120 6c65 6164 r without a lead\n+00023bb0: 696e 6720 e280 982d e280 9920 7461 6b65 ing ...-... take\n+00023bc0: 7320 7072 6563 656e 6465 6e74 0a6f 7665 s precendent.ove\n+00023bd0: 7220 616e 7920 7072 6576 696f 7573 206f r any previous o\n+00023be0: 6363 7572 656e 6365 2e20 2054 6869 7320 ccurence. 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The fac\n+00023cc0: 696c 6974 7920 6e61 6d65 7320 6172 6520 ility names are \n+00023cd0: 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 6172 6775 6d65 the first argume\n+00023ce0: 6e74 2074 6f0a 6772 7562 5f64 7072 696e nt to.grub_dprin\n+00023cf0: 7466 2e20 2043 6f6e 7375 6c74 2074 6865 tf. Consult the\n+00023d00: 2073 6f75 7263 6520 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 source for more\n+00023d10: 2064 6574 6169 6c73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c details.....Fil\n+00023d20: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+00023d30: 6f64 653a 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2c20 204e ode: default, N\n+00023d40: 6578 743a 2066 616c 6c62 6163 6b2c 2020 ext: fallback, \n+00023d50: 5072 6576 3a20 6465 6275 672c 2020 5570 Prev: debug, Up\n+00023d60: 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f : Special enviro\n+00023d70: 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a nment variables.\n+00023d80: 0a31 352e 312e 3130 2064 6566 6175 6c74 .15.1.10 default\n+00023d90: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n+00023da0: 0a0a 4966 2074 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 ..If this variab\n+00023db0: 6c65 2069 7320 7365 742c 2069 7420 6964 le is set, it id\n+00023dc0: 656e 7469 6669 6573 2061 206d 656e 7520 entifies a menu \n+00023dd0: 656e 7472 7920 7468 6174 2073 686f 756c entry that shoul\n+00023de0: 6420 6265 0a73 656c 6563 7465 6420 6279 d be.selected by\n+00023df0: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2c20 706f 7373 6962 default, possib\n+00023e00: 6c79 2061 6674 6572 2061 2074 696d 656f ly after a timeo\n+00023e10: 7574 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 7469 6d65 6f75 ut (*note timeou\n+00023e20: 743a 3a29 2e20 2054 6865 0a65 6e74 7279 t::). The.entry\n+00023e30: 206d 6179 2062 6520 6964 656e 7469 6669 may be identifi\n+00023e40: 6564 2062 7920 6e75 6d62 6572 2028 7374 ed by number (st\n+00023e50: 6172 7469 6e67 2066 726f 6d20 3020 6174 arting from 0 at\n+00023e60: 2065 6163 6820 6c65 7665 6c20 6f66 2074 each level of t\n+00023e70: 6865 0a68 6965 7261 7263 6879 292c 2062 he.hierarchy), b\n+00023e80: 7920 7469 746c 652c 206f 7220 6279 2069 y title, or by i\n+00023e90: 642e 0a0a 2020 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 d... 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For exampl\n+00024060: 652c 2074 616b 6520 7468 6520 666f 6c6c e, take the foll\n+00024070: 6f77 696e 670a 6d65 6e75 2073 7472 7563 owing.menu struc\n+00024080: 7475 7265 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 474e 552f ture:.. GNU/\n+00024090: 4875 7264 202d 2d69 6420 676e 752d 6875 Hurd --id gnu-hu\n+000240a0: 7264 0a20 2020 2020 2020 5374 616e 6461 rd. Standa\n+000240b0: 7264 2042 6f6f 7420 2d2d 6964 3d67 6e75 rd Boot --id=gnu\n+000240c0: 2d68 7572 642d 7374 640a 2020 2020 2020 -hurd-std. \n+000240d0: 2052 6573 6375 6520 7368 656c 6c20 2d2d Rescue shell --\n+000240e0: 6964 3d67 6e75 2d68 7572 642d 7265 7363 id=gnu-hurd-resc\n+000240f0: 7565 0a20 2020 2020 4f74 6865 7220 706c ue. Other pl\n+00024100: 6174 666f 726d 7320 2d2d 6964 3d6f 7468 atforms --id=oth\n+00024110: 6572 0a20 2020 2020 2020 4d69 6e69 7820 er. Minix \n+00024120: 2d2d 6964 3d6d 696e 6978 0a20 2020 2020 --id=minix. \n+00024130: 2020 2020 5665 7273 696f 6e20 332e 342e Version 3.4.\n+00024140: 3020 2d2d 6964 3d6d 696e 6978 2d33 2e34 0 --id=minix-3.4\n+00024150: 2e30 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 5665 7273 .0. Vers\n+00024160: 696f 6e20 332e 332e 3020 2d2d 6964 3d6d ion 3.3.0 --id=m\n+00024170: 696e 6978 2d33 2e33 2e30 0a20 2020 2020 inix-3.3.0. \n+00024180: 2020 4752 5542 2049 6e76 6164 6572 7320 GRUB Invaders \n+00024190: 2d2d 6964 3d67 7275 622d 696e 7661 6465 --id=grub-invade\n+000241a0: 7273 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 206d 6f72 6520 rs.. The more \n+000241b0: 7265 6365 6e74 2072 656c 6561 7365 206f recent release o\n+000241c0: 6620 4d69 6e69 7820 776f 756c 6420 7468 f Minix would th\n+000241d0: 656e 2062 6520 6964 656e 7469 6669 6564 en be identified\n+000241e0: 2061 7320 e280 984f 7468 6572 0a70 6c61 as ...Other.pla\n+000241f0: 7466 6f72 6d73 3e4d 696e 6978 3e56 6572 tforms>Minix>Ver\n+00024200: 7369 6f6e 2033 2e34 2e30 e280 992c 206f sion 3.4.0..., o\n+00024210: 7220 6173 20e2 8098 313e 303e 30e2 8099 r as ...1>0>0...\n+00024220: 2c20 6f72 2061 730a e280 986f 7468 6572 , or as....other\n+00024230: 3e6d 696e 6978 3e6d 696e 6978 2d33 2e34 >minix>minix-3.4\n+00024240: 2e30 e280 992e 0a0a 2020 2054 6869 7320 .0...... This \n+00024250: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2069 7320 6f66 7465 variable is ofte\n+00024260: 6e20 7365 7420 6279 20e2 8098 4752 5542 n set by ...GRUB\n+00024270: 5f44 4546 4155 4c54 e280 9920 282a 6e6f _DEFAULT... (*no\n+00024280: 7465 2053 696d 706c 650a 636f 6e66 6967 te Simple.config\n+00024290: 7572 6174 696f 6e3a 3a29 2c20 e280 9867 uration::), ...g\n+000242a0: 7275 622d 7365 742d 6465 6661 756c 74e2 rub-set-default.\n+000242b0: 8099 2c20 6f72 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d72 .., or ...grub-r\n+000242c0: 6562 6f6f 74e2 8099 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c eboot........Fil\n+000242d0: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+000242e0: 6f64 653a 2066 616c 6c62 6163 6b2c 2020 ode: fallback, \n+000242f0: 4e65 7874 3a20 6766 786d 6f64 652c 2020 Next: gfxmode, \n+00024300: 5072 6576 3a20 6465 6661 756c 742c 2020 Prev: default, \n+00024310: 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 Up: Special envi\n+00024320: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ronment variable\n+00024330: 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3131 2066 616c 6c62 s..15.1.11 fallb\n+00024340: 6163 6b0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ack.------------\n+00024350: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4966 2074 6869 7320 7661 ----..If this va\n+00024360: 7269 6162 6c65 2069 7320 7365 742c 2069 riable is set, i\n+00024370: 7420 6964 656e 7469 6669 6573 2061 206d t identifies a m\n+00024380: 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 7468 6174 2073 enu entry that s\n+00024390: 686f 756c 6420 6265 0a73 656c 6563 7465 hould be.selecte\n+000243a0: 6420 6966 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 d if the default\n+000243b0: 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 6661 696c menu entry fail\n+000243c0: 7320 746f 2062 6f6f 742e 2020 456e 7472 s to boot. 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Note that\n+00024510: 2079 6f75 2063 616e 206f 6e6c 7920 7573 you can only us\n+00024520: 6520 6d6f 6465 7320 7768 6963 6820 796f e modes which yo\n+00024530: 7572 0a67 7261 7068 6963 7320 6361 7264 ur.graphics card\n+00024540: 2073 7570 706f 7274 7320 7669 6120 5645 supports via VE\n+00024550: 5341 2042 494f 5320 4578 7465 6e73 696f SA BIOS Extensio\n+00024560: 6e73 2028 5642 4529 2c20 736f 2066 6f72 ns (VBE), so for\n+00024570: 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 0a6e 6174 6976 6520 example.native \n+00024580: 4c43 4420 7061 6e65 6c20 7265 736f 6c75 LCD panel resolu\n+00024590: 7469 6f6e 7320 6d61 7920 6e6f 7420 6265 tions may not be\n+000245a0: 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2e20 2054 6865 available. The\n+000245b0: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2069 730a e280 9861 default is....a\n+000245c0: 7574 6fe2 8099 2c20 7768 6963 6820 7365 uto..., which se\n+000245d0: 6c65 6374 7320 6120 706c 6174 666f 726d lects a platform\n+000245e0: 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 6465 6661 756c -specific defaul\n+000245f0: 7420 7468 6174 2073 686f 756c 6420 6c6f t that should lo\n+00024600: 6f6b 0a72 6561 736f 6e61 626c 652e 2020 ok.reasonable. \n+00024610: 5375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 6d6f 6465 7320 Supported modes \n+00024620: 6361 6e20 6265 206c 6973 7465 6420 6279 can be listed by\n+00024630: 20e2 8098 7669 6465 6f69 6e66 6fe2 8099 ...videoinfo...\n+00024640: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 6e0a 4752 5542 command in.GRUB\n+00024650: 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 7265 736f 6c75 ... The resolu\n+00024660: 7469 6f6e 206d 6179 2062 6520 7370 6563 tion may be spec\n+00024670: 6966 6965 6420 6173 2061 2073 6571 7565 ified as a seque\n+00024680: 6e63 6520 6f66 206f 6e65 206f 7220 6d6f nce of one or mo\n+00024690: 7265 206d 6f64 6573 2c0a 7365 7061 7261 re modes,.separa\n+000246a0: 7465 6420 6279 2063 6f6d 6d61 7320 28e2 ted by commas (.\n+000246b0: 8098 2ce2 8099 2920 6f72 2073 656d 6963 ..,...) or semic\n+000246c0: 6f6c 6f6e 7320 28e2 8098 3be2 8099 293b olons (...;...);\n+000246d0: 2065 6163 6820 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 7472 each will be tr\n+000246e0: 6965 6420 696e 0a74 7572 6e20 756e 7469 ied in.turn unti\n+000246f0: 6c20 6f6e 6520 6973 2066 6f75 6e64 2e20 l one is found. \n+00024700: 2045 6163 6820 6d6f 6465 2073 686f 756c Each mode shoul\n+00024710: 6420 6265 2065 6974 6865 7220 e280 9861 d be either ...a\n+00024720: 7574 6fe2 8099 2c0a e280 9857 4944 5448 uto...,....WIDTH\n+00024730: 7848 4549 4748 54e2 8099 2c20 6f72 20e2 xHEIGHT..., or .\n+00024740: 8098 5749 4454 4878 4845 4947 4854 7844 ..WIDTHxHEIGHTxD\n+00024750: 4550 5448 e280 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 EPTH........File\n+00024760: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+00024770: 6465 3a20 6766 7870 6179 6c6f 6164 2c20 de: gfxpayload, \n+00024780: 204e 6578 743a 2067 6678 7465 726d 5f66 Next: gfxterm_f\n+00024790: 6f6e 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6766 786d ont, Prev: gfxm\n+000247a0: 6f64 652c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 ode, Up: Specia\n+000247b0: 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 l environment va\n+000247c0: 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3133 riables..15.1.13\n+000247d0: 2067 6678 7061 796c 6f61 640a 2d2d 2d2d gfxpayload.----\n+000247e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n+000247f0: 4966 2074 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 If this variable\n+00024800: 2069 7320 7365 742c 2069 7420 636f 6e74 is set, it cont\n+00024810: 726f 6c73 2074 6865 2076 6964 656f 206d rols the video m\n+00024820: 6f64 6520 696e 2077 6869 6368 2074 6865 ode in which the\n+00024830: 204c 696e 7578 0a6b 6572 6e65 6c20 7374 Linux.kernel st\n+00024840: 6172 7473 2075 702c 2072 6570 6c61 6369 arts up, replaci\n+00024850: 6e67 2074 6865 20e2 8098 7667 613d e280 ng the ...vga=..\n+00024860: 9920 626f 6f74 206f 7074 696f 6e20 282a . boot option (*\n+00024870: 6e6f 7465 206c 696e 7578 3a3a 292e 2020 note linux::). \n+00024880: 4974 0a6d 6179 2062 6520 7365 7420 746f It.may be set to\n+00024890: 20e2 8098 7465 7874 e280 9920 746f 2066 ...text... to f\n+000248a0: 6f72 6365 2074 6865 204c 696e 7578 206b orce the Linux k\n+000248b0: 6572 6e65 6c20 746f 2062 6f6f 7420 696e ernel to boot in\n+000248c0: 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 7465 7874 0a6d 6f64 normal text.mod\n+000248d0: 652c 20e2 8098 6b65 6570 e280 9920 746f e, ...keep... to\n+000248e0: 2070 7265 7365 7276 6520 7468 6520 6772 preserve the gr\n+000248f0: 6170 6869 6373 206d 6f64 6520 7365 7420 aphics mode set \n+00024900: 7573 696e 6720 e280 9867 6678 6d6f 6465 using ...gfxmode\n+00024910: e280 992c 206f 7220 616e 790a 6f66 2074 ..., or any.of t\n+00024920: 6865 2070 6572 6d69 7474 6564 2076 616c he permitted val\n+00024930: 7565 7320 666f 7220 e280 9867 6678 6d6f ues for ...gfxmo\n+00024940: 6465 e280 9920 746f 2073 6574 2061 2070 de... to set a p\n+00024950: 6172 7469 6375 6c61 7220 6772 6170 6869 articular graphi\n+00024960: 6373 206d 6f64 650a 282a 6e6f 7465 2067 cs mode.(*note g\n+00024970: 6678 6d6f 6465 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 2044 fxmode::)... D\n+00024980: 6570 656e 6469 6e67 206f 6e20 796f 7572 epending on your\n+00024990: 206b 6572 6e65 6c2c 2079 6f75 7220 6469 kernel, your di\n+000249a0: 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 2c20 796f 7572 stribution, your\n+000249b0: 2067 7261 7068 6963 7320 6361 7264 2c20 graphics card, \n+000249c0: 616e 640a 7468 6520 7068 6173 6520 6f66 and.the phase of\n+000249d0: 2074 6865 206d 6f6f 6e2c 206e 6f74 6520 the moon, note \n+000249e0: 7468 6174 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6869 7320 that using this \n+000249f0: 6f70 7469 6f6e 206d 6179 2063 6175 7365 option may cause\n+00024a00: 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e 7578 0a74 6f20 7375 GNU/Linux.to su\n+00024a10: 6666 6572 2066 726f 6d20 7661 7269 6f75 ffer from variou\n+00024a20: 7320 6469 7370 6c61 7920 7072 6f62 6c65 s display proble\n+00024a30: 6d73 2c20 7061 7274 6963 756c 6172 6c79 ms, particularly\n+00024a40: 2064 7572 696e 6720 7468 6520 6561 726c during the earl\n+00024a50: 790a 7061 7274 206f 6620 7468 6520 626f y.part of the bo\n+00024a60: 6f74 2073 6571 7565 6e63 652e 2020 4966 ot sequence. If\n+00024a70: 2079 6f75 2068 6176 6520 7072 6f62 6c65 you have proble\n+00024a80: 6d73 2c20 7365 7420 7468 6973 2076 6172 ms, set this var\n+00024a90: 6961 626c 6520 746f 0ae2 8098 7465 7874 iable to....text\n+00024aa0: e280 9920 616e 6420 4752 5542 2077 696c ... and GRUB wil\n+00024ab0: 6c20 7465 6c6c 204c 696e 7578 2074 6f20 l tell Linux to \n+00024ac0: 626f 6f74 2069 6e20 6e6f 726d 616c 2074 boot in normal t\n+00024ad0: 6578 7420 6d6f 6465 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 ext mode... Th\n+00024ae0: 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 6973 2070 6c61 e default is pla\n+00024af0: 7466 6f72 6d2d 7370 6563 6966 6963 2e20 tform-specific. \n+00024b00: 204f 6e20 706c 6174 666f 726d 7320 7769 On platforms wi\n+00024b10: 7468 2061 206e 6174 6976 6520 7465 7874 th a native text\n+00024b20: 0a6d 6f64 6520 2873 7563 6820 6173 2050 .mode (such as P\n+00024b30: 4320 4249 4f53 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 C BIOS platforms\n+00024b40: 292c 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2069 ), the default i\n+00024b50: 7320 e280 9874 6578 74e2 8099 2e20 204f s ...text.... O\n+00024b60: 7468 6572 7769 7365 2074 6865 0a64 6566 therwise the.def\n+00024b70: 6175 6c74 206d 6179 2062 6520 e280 9861 ault may be ...a\n+00024b80: 7574 6fe2 8099 206f 7220 6120 7370 6563 uto... or a spec\n+00024b90: 6966 6963 2076 6964 656f 206d 6f64 652e ific video mode.\n+00024ba0: 0a0a 2020 2054 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 .. This variab\n+00024bb0: 6c65 2069 7320 6f66 7465 6e20 7365 7420 le is often set \n+00024bc0: 6279 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f47 4658 5041 by ...GRUB_GFXPA\n+00024bd0: 594c 4f41 445f 4c49 4e55 58e2 8099 2028 YLOAD_LINUX... (\n+00024be0: 2a6e 6f74 6520 5369 6d70 6c65 0a63 6f6e *note Simple.con\n+00024bf0: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a 292e 0a0a figuration::)...\n+00024c00: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+00024c10: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6766 7874 6572 o, Node: gfxter\n+00024c20: 6d5f 666f 6e74 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2067 m_font, Next: g\n+00024c30: 7275 625f 6370 752c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 rub_cpu, Prev: \n+00024c40: 6766 7870 6179 6c6f 6164 2c20 2055 703a gfxpayload, Up:\n+00024c50: 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e Special environ\n+00024c60: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a ment variables..\n+00024c70: 3135 2e31 2e31 3420 6766 7874 6572 6d5f 15.1.14 gfxterm_\n+00024c80: 666f 6e74 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d font.-----------\n+00024c90: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a49 6620 7468 ---------..If th\n+00024ca0: 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6973 2073 is variable is s\n+00024cb0: 6574 2c20 6974 206e 616d 6573 2061 2066 et, it names a f\n+00024cc0: 6f6e 7420 746f 2075 7365 2066 6f72 2074 ont to use for t\n+00024cd0: 6578 7420 6f6e 2074 6865 0ae2 8098 6766 ext on the....gf\n+00024ce0: 7874 6572 6de2 8099 2067 7261 7068 6963 xterm... graphic\n+00024cf0: 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2e 2020 4f74 al terminal. Ot\n+00024d00: 6865 7277 6973 652c 20e2 8098 6766 7874 herwise, ...gfxt\n+00024d10: 6572 6de2 8099 206d 6179 2075 7365 2061 erm... may use a\n+00024d20: 6e79 0a61 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2066 6f6e ny.available fon\n+00024d30: 742e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 t.....File: grub\n+00024d40: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6772 .info, Node: gr\n+00024d50: 7562 5f63 7075 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2067 ub_cpu, Next: g\n+00024d60: 7275 625f 706c 6174 666f 726d 2c20 2050 rub_platform, P\n+00024d70: 7265 763a 2067 6678 7465 726d 5f66 6f6e rev: gfxterm_fon\n+00024d80: 742c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 t, Up: Special \n+00024d90: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n+00024da0: 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3135 2067 ables..15.1.15 g\n+00024db0: 7275 625f 6370 750a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d rub_cpu.--------\n+00024dc0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 496e 206e 6f72 --------..In nor\n+00024dd0: 6d61 6c20 6d6f 6465 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 mal mode (*note \n+00024de0: 6e6f 726d 616c 3a3a 292c 2047 5255 4220 normal::), GRUB \n+00024df0: 7365 7473 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6772 7562 sets the ...grub\n+00024e00: 5f63 7075 e280 9920 7661 7269 6162 6c65 _cpu... variable\n+00024e10: 2074 6f0a 7468 6520 4350 5520 7479 7065 to.the CPU type\n+00024e20: 2066 6f72 2077 6869 6368 2047 5255 4220 for which GRUB \n+00024e30: 7761 7320 6275 696c 7420 2865 2e67 2e20 was built (e.g. \n+00024e40: 20e2 8098 6933 3836 e280 9920 6f72 20e2 ...i386... or .\n+00024e50: 8098 706f 7765 7270 63e2 8099 292e 0a0a ..powerpc...)...\n+00024e60: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+00024e70: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6772 7562 5f70 o, Node: grub_p\n+00024e80: 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 latform, Next: \n+00024e90: 6963 6f6e 6469 722c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 icondir, Prev: \n+00024ea0: 6772 7562 5f63 7075 2c20 2055 703a 2053 grub_cpu, Up: S\n+00024eb0: 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 pecial environme\n+00024ec0: 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 nt variables..15\n+00024ed0: 2e31 2e31 3620 6772 7562 5f70 6c61 7466 .1.16 grub_platf\n+00024ee0: 6f72 6d0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d orm.------------\n+00024ef0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a49 6e20 6e6f ---------..In no\n+00024f00: 726d 616c 206d 6f64 6520 282a 6e6f 7465 rmal mode (*note\n+00024f10: 206e 6f72 6d61 6c3a 3a29 2c20 4752 5542 normal::), GRUB\n+00024f20: 2073 6574 7320 7468 6520 e280 9867 7275 sets the ...gru\n+00024f30: 625f 706c 6174 666f 726d e280 9920 7661 b_platform... va\n+00024f40: 7269 6162 6c65 0a74 6f20 7468 6520 706c riable.to the pl\n+00024f50: 6174 666f 726d 2066 6f72 2077 6869 6368 atform for which\n+00024f60: 2047 5255 4220 7761 7320 6275 696c 7420 GRUB was built \n+00024f70: 2865 2e67 2e20 20e2 8098 7063 e280 9920 (e.g. ...pc... \n+00024f80: 6f72 20e2 8098 6566 69e2 8099 292e 0a0a or ...efi...)...\n+00024f90: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+00024fa0: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6963 6f6e 6469 o, Node: icondi\n+00024fb0: 722c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6c61 6e67 2c20 r, Next: lang, \n+00024fc0: 2050 7265 763a 2067 7275 625f 706c 6174 Prev: grub_plat\n+00024fd0: 666f 726d 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 form, Up: Speci\n+00024fe0: 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 al environment v\n+00024ff0: 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e31 ariables..15.1.1\n+00025000: 3720 6963 6f6e 6469 720a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 7 icondir.------\n+00025010: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a49 6620 7468 ---------..If th\n+00025020: 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6973 2073 is variable is s\n+00025030: 6574 2c20 6974 206e 616d 6573 2061 2064 et, it names a d\n+00025040: 6972 6563 746f 7279 2069 6e20 7768 6963 irectory in whic\n+00025050: 6820 7468 6520 4752 5542 0a67 7261 7068 h the GRUB.graph\n+00025060: 6963 616c 206d 656e 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 ical menu should\n+00025070: 206c 6f6f 6b20 666f 7220 6963 6f6e 7320 look for icons \n+00025080: 6166 7465 7220 6c6f 6f6b 696e 6720 696e after looking in\n+00025090: 2074 6865 2074 6865 6d65 2773 0ae2 8098 the theme's....\n+000250a0: 6963 6f6e 73e2 8099 2064 6972 6563 746f icons... directo\n+000250b0: 7279 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 2054 6865 6d65 ry. *Note Theme\n+000250c0: 2066 696c 6520 666f 726d 6174 3a3a 2e0a file format::..\n+000250d0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n+000250e0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206c 616e 672c fo, Node: lang,\n+000250f0: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6c6f 6361 6c65 5f64 Next: locale_d\n+00025100: 6972 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2069 636f 6e64 ir, Prev: icond\n+00025110: 6972 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c ir, Up: Special\n+00025120: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n+00025130: 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e31 3820 iables..15.1.18 \n+00025140: 6c61 6e67 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d lang.-----------\n+00025150: 2d0a 0a49 6620 7468 6973 2076 6172 6961 -..If this varia\n+00025160: 626c 6520 6973 2073 6574 2c20 6974 206e ble is set, it n\n+00025170: 616d 6573 2074 6865 206c 616e 6775 6167 ames the languag\n+00025180: 6520 636f 6465 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 e code that the \n+00025190: e280 9867 6574 7465 7874 e280 990a 636f ...gettext....co\n+000251a0: 6d6d 616e 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 2067 6574 mmand (*note get\n+000251b0: 7465 7874 3a3a 2920 7573 6573 2074 6f20 text::) uses to \n+000251c0: 7472 616e 736c 6174 6520 7374 7269 6e67 translate string\n+000251d0: 732e 2020 466f 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c s. For example,\n+000251e0: 0a46 7265 6e63 6820 776f 756c 6420 6265 .French would be\n+000251f0: 206e 616d 6564 2061 7320 e280 9866 72e2 named as ...fr.\n+00025200: 8099 2c20 616e 6420 5369 6d70 6c69 6669 .., and Simplifi\n+00025210: 6564 2043 6869 6e65 7365 2061 7320 e280 ed Chinese as ..\n+00025220: 987a 685f 434e e280 992e 0a0a 2020 20e2 .zh_CN...... .\n+00025230: 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 ..grub-mkconfig.\n+00025240: 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 5369 6d70 6c65 .. (*note Simple\n+00025250: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a configuration::\n+00025260: 2920 7769 6c6c 2074 7279 2074 6f20 7365 ) will try to se\n+00025270: 7420 610a 7265 6173 6f6e 6162 6c65 2064 t a.reasonable d\n+00025280: 6566 6175 6c74 2066 6f72 2074 6869 7320 efault for this \n+00025290: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2062 6173 6564 206f variable based o\n+000252a0: 6e20 7468 6520 7379 7374 656d 206c 6f63 n the system loc\n+000252b0: 616c 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ale.....File: gr\n+000252c0: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+000252d0: 6c6f 6361 6c65 5f64 6972 2c20 204e 6578 locale_dir, Nex\n+000252e0: 743a 206c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e2c 2020 5072 t: lockdown, Pr\n+000252f0: 6576 3a20 6c61 6e67 2c20 2055 703a 2053 ev: lang, Up: S\n+00025300: 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 pecial environme\n+00025310: 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 nt variables..15\n+00025320: 2e31 2e31 3920 6c6f 6361 6c65 5f64 6972 .1.19 locale_dir\n+00025330: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n+00025340: 2d2d 2d0a 0a49 6620 7468 6973 2076 6172 ---..If this var\n+00025350: 6961 626c 6520 6973 2073 6574 2c20 6974 iable is set, it\n+00025360: 206e 616d 6573 2074 6865 2064 6972 6563 names the direc\n+00025370: 746f 7279 2077 6865 7265 2074 7261 6e73 tory where trans\n+00025380: 6c61 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6573 0a6d 6179 lation files.may\n+00025390: 2062 6520 666f 756e 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 be found (*note\n+000253a0: 2067 6574 7465 7874 3a3a 292c 2075 7375 gettext::), usu\n+000253b0: 616c 6c79 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 ally .../boot/gr\n+000253c0: 7562 2f6c 6f63 616c 65e2 8099 2e20 204f ub/locale.... O\n+000253d0: 7468 6572 7769 7365 2c0a 696e 7465 726e therwise,.intern\n+000253e0: 6174 696f 6e61 6c69 7a61 7469 6f6e 2069 ationalization i\n+000253f0: 7320 6469 7361 626c 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 s disabled... \n+00025400: e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 ...grub-mkconfig\n+00025410: e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2053 696d 706c ... (*note Simpl\n+00025420: 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e3a e configuration:\n+00025430: 3a29 2077 696c 6c20 7365 7420 6120 7265 :) will set a re\n+00025440: 6173 6f6e 6162 6c65 0a64 6566 6175 6c74 asonable.default\n+00025450: 2066 6f72 2074 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 for this variab\n+00025460: 6c65 2069 6620 696e 7465 726e 6174 696f le if internatio\n+00025470: 6e61 6c69 7a61 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 6e65 nalization is ne\n+00025480: 6564 6564 2061 6e64 2061 6e79 0a74 7261 eded and any.tra\n+00025490: 6e73 6c61 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6573 2061 nslation files a\n+000254a0: 7265 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2e0a 0a1f re available....\n+000254b0: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+000254c0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206c 6f63 6b64 6f77 , Node: lockdow\n+000254d0: 6e2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6d65 6e75 5f63 n, Next: menu_c\n+000254e0: 6f6c 6f72 5f68 6967 686c 6967 6874 2c20 olor_highlight, \n+000254f0: 2050 7265 763a 206c 6f63 616c 655f 6469 Prev: locale_di\n+00025500: 722c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 r, Up: Special \n+00025510: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n+00025520: 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3230 206c ables..15.1.20 l\n+00025530: 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ockdown.--------\n+00025540: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4966 2074 6869 --------..If thi\n+00025550: 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2069 7320 7365 s variable is se\n+00025560: 7420 746f 20e2 8098 79e2 8099 2c20 6974 t to ...y..., it\n+00025570: 206d 6561 6e73 2074 6861 7420 4752 5542 means that GRUB\n+00025580: 2068 6173 2065 6e74 6572 6564 202a 6e6f has entered *no\n+00025590: 7465 0a4c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e3a 3a20 6d6f te.Lockdown:: mo\n+000255a0: 6465 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 de.....File: gru\n+000255b0: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206d b.info, Node: m\n+000255c0: 656e 755f 636f 6c6f 725f 6869 6768 6c69 enu_color_highli\n+000255d0: 6768 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6d65 6e75 ght, Next: menu\n+000255e0: 5f63 6f6c 6f72 5f6e 6f72 6d61 6c2c 2020 _color_normal, \n+000255f0: 5072 6576 3a20 6c6f 636b 646f 776e 2c20 Prev: lockdown, \n+00025600: 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 Up: Special env\n+00025610: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c ironment variabl\n+00025620: 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e32 3120 6d65 6e75 es..15.1.21 menu\n+00025630: 5f63 6f6c 6f72 5f68 6967 686c 6967 6874 _color_highlight\n+00025640: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n+00025650: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 -------------..T\n+00025660: 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2063 6f6e his variable con\n+00025670: 7461 696e 7320 7468 6520 666f 7265 6772 tains the foregr\n+00025680: 6f75 6e64 2061 6e64 2062 6163 6b67 726f ound and backgro\n+00025690: 756e 6420 636f 6c6f 7273 2074 6f20 6265 und colors to be\n+000256a0: 2075 7365 640a 666f 7220 7468 6520 6869 used.for the hi\n+000256b0: 6768 6c69 6768 7465 6420 6d65 6e75 2065 ghlighted menu e\n+000256c0: 6e74 7279 2c20 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 ntry, separated \n+000256d0: 6279 2061 2073 6c61 7368 2028 e280 982f by a slash (.../\n+000256e0: e280 9929 2e20 2053 6574 7469 6e67 0a74 ...). Setting.t\n+000256f0: 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2063 6861 his variable cha\n+00025700: 6e67 6573 2074 686f 7365 2063 6f6c 6f72 nges those color\n+00025710: 732e 2020 466f 7220 7468 6520 6176 6169 s. For the avai\n+00025720: 6c61 626c 6520 636f 6c6f 7220 6e61 6d65 lable color name\n+00025730: 732c 0a2a 6e6f 7465 2063 6f6c 6f72 5f6e s,.*note color_n\n+00025740: 6f72 6d61 6c3a 3a2e 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 ormal::... The\n+00025750: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 7468 6520 default is the \n+00025760: 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 20e2 8098 636f 6c6f value of ...colo\n+00025770: 725f 6869 6768 6c69 6768 74e2 8099 2028 r_highlight... (\n+00025780: 2a6e 6f74 650a 636f 6c6f 725f 6869 6768 *note.color_high\n+00025790: 6c69 6768 743a 3a29 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c light::).....Fil\n+000257a0: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+000257b0: 6f64 653a 206d 656e 755f 636f 6c6f 725f ode: menu_color_\n+000257c0: 6e6f 726d 616c 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e normal, Next: n\n+000257d0: 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f62 et__b\n+000257e0: 6f6f 745f 6669 6c65 2c20 2050 7265 763a oot_file, Prev:\n+000257f0: 206d 656e 755f 636f 6c6f 725f 6869 6768 menu_color_high\n+00025800: 6c69 6768 742c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 light, Up: Spec\n+00025810: 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 ial environment \n+00025820: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e variables..15.1.\n+00025830: 3232 206d 656e 755f 636f 6c6f 725f 6e6f 22 menu_color_no\n+00025840: 726d 616c 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d rmal.-----------\n+00025850: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n+00025860: 5468 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 636f This variable co\n+00025870: 6e74 6169 6e73 2074 6865 2066 6f72 6567 ntains the foreg\n+00025880: 726f 756e 6420 616e 6420 6261 636b 6772 round and backgr\n+00025890: 6f75 6e64 2063 6f6c 6f72 7320 746f 2062 ound colors to b\n+000258a0: 6520 7573 6564 0a66 6f72 206e 6f6e 2d68 e used.for non-h\n+000258b0: 6967 686c 6967 6874 6564 206d 656e 7520 ighlighted menu \n+000258c0: 656e 7472 6965 732c 2073 6570 6172 6174 entries, separat\n+000258d0: 6564 2062 7920 6120 736c 6173 6820 28e2 ed by a slash (.\n+000258e0: 8098 2fe2 8099 292e 2020 5365 7474 696e ../...). Settin\n+000258f0: 670a 7468 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 g.this variable \n+00025900: 6368 616e 6765 7320 7468 6f73 6520 636f changes those co\n+00025910: 6c6f 7273 2e20 2046 6f72 2074 6865 2061 lors. For the a\n+00025920: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2063 6f6c 6f72 206e vailable color n\n+00025930: 616d 6573 2c0a 2a6e 6f74 6520 636f 6c6f ames,.*note colo\n+00025940: 725f 6e6f 726d 616c 3a3a 2e0a 0a20 2020 r_normal::... \n+00025950: 5468 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 6973 2074 The default is t\n+00025960: 6865 2076 616c 7565 206f 6620 e280 9863 he value of ...c\n+00025970: 6f6c 6f72 5f6e 6f72 6d61 6ce2 8099 2028 olor_normal... (\n+00025980: 2a6e 6f74 6520 636f 6c6f 725f 6e6f 726d *note color_norm\n+00025990: 616c 3a3a 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 al::).....File: \n+000259a0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+000259b0: 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 : net__boot_file, Ne\n+000259d0: 7874 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 xt: net__clientid, P\n+000259f0: 7265 763a 206d 656e 755f 636f 6c6f 725f rev: menu_color_\n+00025a00: 6e6f 726d 616c 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 normal, Up: Spe\n+00025a10: 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 cial environment\n+00025a20: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 variables..15.1\n+00025a30: 2e32 3320 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 .23 net__boot_file.--\n+00025a50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00025a60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n+00025a70: 0a2a 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 776f 726b 3a3a .*Note Network::\n+00025a80: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n+00025a90: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 info, Node: net\n+00025aa0: 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f63 6c69 __cli\n+00025ab0: 656e 7469 642c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 entid, Next: ne\n+00025ac0: 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 636c t__cl\n+00025ad0: 6965 6e74 7575 6964 2c20 2050 7265 763a ientuuid, Prev:\n+00025ae0: 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e net_\n+00025af0: 5f62 6f6f 745f 6669 6c65 2c20 2055 703a _boot_file, Up:\n+00025b00: 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e Special environ\n+00025b10: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a ment variables..\n+00025b20: 3135 2e31 2e32 3420 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 15.1.24 net__clientid\n+00025b40: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n 00025b50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00025b60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a2a 4e6f 7465 ---------..*Note\n-00025b70: 204e 6574 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 Network::.....F\n-00025b80: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-00025b90: 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 Node: net__clientuui\n-00025bb0: 642c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 d, Next: net__dhcp_s\n-00025bd0: 6572 7665 725f 6e61 6d65 2c20 2050 7265 erver_name, Pre\n-00025be0: 763a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 v: net__clientid, Up\n-00025c00: 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f : Special enviro\n-00025c10: 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a nment variables.\n-00025c20: 0a31 352e 312e 3235 206e 6574 5f3c 494e .15.1.25 net__clientu\n-00025c40: 7569 640a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d uid.------------\n-00025c50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00025c60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 ------..*Note Ne\n-00025c70: 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 twork::.....File\n-00025c80: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-00025c90: 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 de: net__dhcp_server_\n-00025cb0: 6e61 6d65 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 name, Next: net\n-00025cc0: 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f64 6f6d __dom\n-00025cd0: 6169 6e2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f ain, Prev: net_\n-00025ce0: 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 636c 6965 _clie\n-00025cf0: 6e74 7575 6964 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 ntuuid, Up: Spe\n-00025d00: 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 cial environment\n-00025d10: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 variables..15.1\n-00025d20: 2e32 3620 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 .26 net__dhcp_server_\n-00025d40: 6e61 6d65 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d name.-----------\n+00025b60: 2d0a 0a2a 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 776f 726b -..*Note Network\n+00025b70: 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ::.....File: gru\n+00025b80: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e b.info, Node: n\n+00025b90: 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f63 et__c\n+00025ba0: 6c69 656e 7475 7569 642c 2020 4e65 7874 lientuuid, Next\n+00025bb0: 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 : net__dhcp_server_na\n+00025bd0: 6d65 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e 6574 5f3c me, Prev: net_<\n+00025be0: 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f63 6c69 656e INTERFACE>_clien\n+00025bf0: 7469 642c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 tid, Up: Specia\n+00025c00: 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 l environment va\n+00025c10: 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3235 riables..15.1.25\n+00025c20: 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e net_\n+00025c30: 5f63 6c69 656e 7475 7569 640a 2d2d 2d2d _clientuuid.----\n+00025c40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00025c50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n+00025c60: 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e *Note Network::.\n+00025c70: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+00025c80: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f nfo, Node: net_\n+00025c90: 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 6468 6370 _dhcp\n+00025ca0: 5f73 6572 7665 725f 6e61 6d65 2c20 204e _server_name, N\n+00025cb0: 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 ext: net__domain, Pr\n+00025cd0: 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 ev: net__clientuuid, \n+00025cf0: 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net_\n-00025df0: 5f64 6863 705f 7365 7276 6572 5f6e 616d _dhcp_server_nam\n-00025e00: 652c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 e, Up: Special \n-00025e10: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n-00025e20: 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3237 206e ables..15.1.27 n\n-00025e30: 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f64 et__d\n-00025e40: 6f6d 6169 6e0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d omain.----------\n-00025e50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00025e60: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 ----..*Note Netw\n-00025e70: 6f72 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ork::.....File: \n-00025e80: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-00025e90: 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 : net__extensionspath\n-00025eb0: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e , Next: net__hostnam\n-00025ed0: 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 e, Prev: net__domain\n-00025ef0: 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 , Up: Special e\n-00025f00: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n-00025f10: 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e32 3820 6e65 bles..15.1.28 ne\n-00025f20: 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 6578 t__ex\n-00025f30: 7465 6e73 696f 6e73 7061 7468 0a2d 2d2d tensionspath.---\n+00025d60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a2a 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 -----..*Note Net\n+00025d70: 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a work::.....File:\n+00025d80: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+00025d90: 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 e: net__domain, Next\n+00025db0: 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 : net__extensionspath\n+00025dd0: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e , Prev: net__dhcp_se\n+00025df0: 7276 6572 5f6e 616d 652c 2020 5570 3a20 rver_name, Up: \n+00025e00: 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d Special environm\n+00025e10: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 ent variables..1\n+00025e20: 352e 312e 3237 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5.1.27 net__domain.--\n+00025e40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00025e50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e ------------..*N\n+00025e60: 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a ote Network::...\n+00025e70: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+00025e80: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 o, Node: net__extens\n+00025ea0: 696f 6e73 7061 7468 2c20 204e 6578 743a ionspath, Next:\n+00025eb0: 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e net_\n+00025ec0: 5f68 6f73 746e 616d 652c 2020 5072 6576 _hostname, Prev\n+00025ed0: 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 : net__domain, Up: S\n+00025ef0: 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 pecial environme\n+00025f00: 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 nt variables..15\n+00025f10: 2e31 2e32 3820 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 .1.28 net__extensions\n+00025f30: 7061 7468 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d path.-----------\n 00025f40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00025f50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00025f60: 2d2d 2d0a 0a2a 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 776f ---..*Note Netwo\n-00025f70: 726b 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 rk::.....File: g\n-00025f80: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-00025f90: 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e net_\n-00025fa0: 5f68 6f73 746e 616d 652c 2020 4e65 7874 _hostname, Next\n-00025fb0: 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 : net__ip, Prev: net\n-00025fd0: 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f65 7874 __ext\n-00025fe0: 656e 7369 6f6e 7370 6174 682c 2020 5570 ensionspath, Up\n-00025ff0: 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f : Special enviro\n-00026000: 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a nment variables.\n-00026010: 0a31 352e 312e 3239 206e 6574 5f3c 494e .15.1.29 net__hostnam\n-00026030: 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d e.--------------\n-00026040: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00026050: 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 --..*Note Networ\n-00026060: 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 k::.....File: gr\n-00026070: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-00026080: 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f net__\n-00026090: 6970 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f3c ip, Next: net_<\n-000260a0: 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f6d 6163 2c20 INTERFACE>_mac, \n-000260b0: 2050 7265 763a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 Prev: net__hostname,\n-000260d0: 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e Up: Special en\n-000260e0: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 vironment variab\n-000260f0: 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3330 206e 6574 les..15.1.30 net\n-00026100: 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f69 700a __ip.\n+00025f50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a2a 4e6f -----------..*No\n+00025f60: 7465 204e 6574 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f te Network::....\n+00025f70: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+00025f80: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e , Node: net__hostnam\n+00025fa0: 652c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 e, Next: net__ip, P\n+00025fc0: 7265 763a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 rev: net__extensionsp\n+00025fe0: 6174 682c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 ath, Up: Specia\n+00025ff0: 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 l environment va\n+00026000: 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3239 riables..15.1.29\n+00026010: 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e net_\n+00026020: 5f68 6f73 746e 616d 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d _hostname.------\n+00026030: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00026040: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 ----------..*Not\n+00026050: 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a e Network::.....\n+00026060: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+00026070: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 Node: net__ip, Nex\n+00026090: 743a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 t: net__mac, Prev: n\n+000260b0: 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f68 et__h\n+000260c0: 6f73 746e 616d 652c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 ostname, Up: Sp\n+000260d0: 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e ecial environmen\n+000260e0: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e t variables..15.\n+000260f0: 312e 3330 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 1.30 net__ip.--------\n 00026110: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00026120: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 ----------..*Not\n-00026130: 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a e Network::.....\n-00026140: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-00026150: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 Node: net__mac, Ne\n-00026170: 7874 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 xt: net__next_server,\n-00026190: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 Prev: net__ip, Up:\n-000261b0: 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e Special environ\n-000261c0: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a ment variables..\n-000261d0: 3135 2e31 2e33 3120 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 15.1.31 net__mac.----\n-000261f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00026200: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a2a 4e6f 7465 204e -------..*Note N\n-00026210: 6574 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c etwork::.....Fil\n-00026220: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-00026230: 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 ode: net__next_server\n-00026250: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e , Next: net__rootpat\n-00026270: 682c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 h, Prev: net__mac, \n-00026290: 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 Up: Special envi\n-000262a0: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ronment variable\n-000262b0: 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3332 206e 6574 5f3c s..15.1.32 net_<\n-000262c0: 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f6e 6578 745f INTERFACE>_next_\n-000262d0: 7365 7276 6572 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d server.---------\n+00026120: 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 --..*Note Networ\n+00026130: 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 k::.....File: gr\n+00026140: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+00026150: 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f net__\n+00026160: 6d61 632c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f mac, Next: net_\n+00026170: 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 6e65 7874 _next\n+00026180: 5f73 6572 7665 722c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 _server, Prev: \n+00026190: 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f net__\n+000261a0: 6970 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c ip, Up: Special\n+000261b0: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n+000261c0: 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e33 3120 iables..15.1.31 \n+000261d0: 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f net__\n+000261e0: 6d61 630a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d mac.------------\n+000261f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n+00026200: 0a2a 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 776f 726b 3a3a .*Note Network::\n+00026210: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n+00026220: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 info, Node: net\n+00026230: 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f6e 6578 __nex\n+00026240: 745f 7365 7276 6572 2c20 204e 6578 743a t_server, Next:\n+00026250: 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e net_\n+00026260: 5f72 6f6f 7470 6174 682c 2020 5072 6576 _rootpath, Prev\n+00026270: 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 : net__mac, Up: Spec\n+00026290: 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 ial environment \n+000262a0: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e variables..15.1.\n+000262b0: 3332 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 32 net__next_server.-\n+000262d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n 000262e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000262f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 ----------..*Not\n-00026300: 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a e Network::.....\n-00026310: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-00026320: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 Node: net__rootpath\n-00026340: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f64 6566 , Next: net_def\n-00026350: 6175 6c74 5f69 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2c20 ault_interface, \n-00026360: 2050 7265 763a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 Prev: net__next_serv\n-00026380: 6572 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c er, Up: Special\n-00026390: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n-000263a0: 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e33 3320 iables..15.1.33 \n-000263b0: 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f net__\n-000263c0: 726f 6f74 7061 7468 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d rootpath.-------\n+000262f0: 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 --..*Note Networ\n+00026300: 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 k::.....File: gr\n+00026310: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+00026320: 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f net__\n+00026330: 726f 6f74 7061 7468 2c20 204e 6578 743a rootpath, Next:\n+00026340: 206e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f69 6e74 net_default_int\n+00026350: 6572 6661 6365 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e erface, Prev: n\n+00026360: 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f6e et__n\n+00026370: 6578 745f 7365 7276 6572 2c20 2055 703a ext_server, Up:\n+00026380: 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e Special environ\n+00026390: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a ment variables..\n+000263a0: 3135 2e31 2e33 3320 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 15.1.33 net__rootpath\n+000263c0: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n 000263d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000263e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a2a 4e6f 7465 ---------..*Note\n-000263f0: 204e 6574 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 Network::.....F\n-00026400: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-00026410: 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 Node: net_defau\n-00026420: 6c74 5f69 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2c20 204e lt_interface, N\n-00026430: 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 ext: net_default\n-00026440: 5f69 702c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f _ip, Prev: net_\n-00026450: 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 726f 6f74 _root\n-00026460: 7061 7468 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 path, Up: Speci\n-00026470: 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 al environment v\n-00026480: 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e33 ariables..15.1.3\n-00026490: 3420 6e65 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f 696e 4 net_default_in\n-000264a0: 7465 7266 6163 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d terface.--------\n-000264b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000264c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a2a 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 -----..*Note Net\n-000264d0: 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a work::.....File:\n-000264e0: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-000264f0: 653a 206e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f69 e: net_default_i\n-00026500: 702c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 p, Next: net_de\n-00026510: 6661 756c 745f 6d61 632c 2020 5072 6576 fault_mac, Prev\n-00026520: 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f 696e : net_default_in\n-00026530: 7465 7266 6163 652c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 terface, Up: Sp\n-00026540: 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e ecial environmen\n-00026550: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e t variables..15.\n-00026560: 312e 3335 206e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 1.35 net_default\n-00026570: 5f69 700a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d _ip.------------\n-00026580: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 ----------..*Not\n-00026590: 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a e Network::.....\n-000265a0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-000265b0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6661 Node: net_defa\n-000265c0: 756c 745f 6d61 632c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 ult_mac, Next: \n-000265d0: 6e65 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f 7365 7276 net_default_serv\n-000265e0: 6572 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e 6574 5f64 er, Prev: net_d\n-000265f0: 6566 6175 6c74 5f69 702c 2020 5570 3a20 efault_ip, Up: \n-00026600: 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d Special environm\n-00026610: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 ent variables..1\n-00026620: 352e 312e 3336 206e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 5.1.36 net_defau\n-00026630: 6c74 5f6d 6163 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d lt_mac.---------\n-00026640: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n-00026650: 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e *Note Network::.\n-00026660: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-00026670: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f nfo, Node: net_\n-00026680: 6465 6661 756c 745f 7365 7276 6572 2c20 default_server, \n-00026690: 204e 6578 743a 2070 6167 6572 2c20 2050 Next: pager, P\n-000266a0: 7265 763a 206e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 rev: net_default\n-000266b0: 5f6d 6163 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 _mac, Up: Speci\n-000266c0: 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 al environment v\n-000266d0: 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e33 ariables..15.1.3\n-000266e0: 3720 6e65 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f 7365 7 net_default_se\n-000266f0: 7276 6572 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d rver.-----------\n-00026700: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n-00026710: 0a2a 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 776f 726b 3a3a .*Note Network::\n-00026720: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-00026730: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2070 6167 info, Node: pag\n-00026740: 6572 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2070 7265 6669 er, Next: prefi\n-00026750: 782c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 x, Prev: net_de\n-00026760: 6661 756c 745f 7365 7276 6572 2c20 2055 fault_server, U\n-00026770: 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 p: Special envir\n-00026780: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 onment variables\n-00026790: 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e33 3820 7061 6765 720a ..15.1.38 pager.\n-000267a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a49 -------------..I\n-000267b0: 6620 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 31e2 8099 f set to ...1...\n-000267c0: 2c20 7061 7573 6520 6f75 7470 7574 2061 , pause output a\n-000267d0: 6674 6572 2065 6163 6820 7363 7265 656e fter each screen\n-000267e0: 6675 6c20 616e 6420 7761 6974 2066 6f72 ful and wait for\n-000267f0: 206b 6579 626f 6172 640a 696e 7075 742e keyboard.input.\n-00026800: 2020 5468 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 6973 The default is\n-00026810: 206e 6f74 2074 6f20 7061 7573 6520 6f75 not to pause ou\n-00026820: 7470 7574 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 tput.....File: g\n-00026830: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-00026840: 2070 7265 6669 782c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 prefix, Next: \n-00026850: 7078 655f 626c 6b73 697a 652c 2020 5072 pxe_blksize, Pr\n-00026860: 6576 3a20 7061 6765 722c 2020 5570 3a20 ev: pager, Up: \n-00026870: 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d Special environm\n-00026880: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 ent variables..1\n-00026890: 352e 312e 3339 2070 7265 6669 780a 2d2d 5.1.39 prefix.--\n-000268a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 ------------..Th\n-000268b0: 6520 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 e location of th\n-000268c0: 6520 e280 982f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 62e2 e .../boot/grub.\n-000268d0: 8099 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2061 7320 .. directory as \n-000268e0: 616e 2061 6273 6f6c 7574 6520 6669 6c65 an absolute file\n-000268f0: 206e 616d 650a 282a 6e6f 7465 2046 696c name.(*note Fil\n-00026900: 6520 6e61 6d65 2073 796e 7461 783a 3a29 e name syntax::)\n-00026910: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 206e 6f72 6d61 . This is norma\n-00026920: 6c6c 7920 7365 7420 6279 2047 5255 4220 lly set by GRUB \n-00026930: 6174 2073 7461 7274 7570 0a62 6173 6564 at startup.based\n-00026940: 206f 6e20 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 on information \n-00026950: 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 e280 9867 provided by ...g\n-00026960: 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6ce2 8099 2e20 rub-install.... \n-00026970: 2047 5255 4220 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 6172 GRUB modules ar\n-00026980: 650a 6479 6e61 6d69 6361 6c6c 7920 6c6f e.dynamically lo\n-00026990: 6164 6564 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6973 2064 aded from this d\n-000269a0: 6972 6563 746f 7279 2c20 736f 2069 7420 irectory, so it \n-000269b0: 6d75 7374 2062 6520 7365 7420 636f 7272 must be set corr\n-000269c0: 6563 746c 7920 696e 0a6f 7264 6572 2066 ectly in.order f\n-000269d0: 6f72 206d 616e 7920 7061 7274 7320 6f66 or many parts of\n-000269e0: 2047 5255 4220 746f 2077 6f72 6b2e 0a0a GRUB to work...\n-000269f0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-00026a00: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7078 655f 626c o, Node: pxe_bl\n-00026a10: 6b73 697a 652c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7078 ksize, Next: px\n-00026a20: 655f 6465 6661 756c 745f 6761 7465 7761 e_default_gatewa\n-00026a30: 792c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7072 6566 6978 y, Prev: prefix\n-00026a40: 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 , Up: Special e\n-00026a50: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n-00026a60: 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e34 3020 7078 bles..15.1.40 px\n-00026a70: 655f 626c 6b73 697a 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d e_blksize.------\n-00026a80: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a2a -------------..*\n-00026a90: 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a Note Network::..\n-00026aa0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-00026ab0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2070 7865 5f64 fo, Node: pxe_d\n-00026ac0: 6566 6175 6c74 5f67 6174 6577 6179 2c20 efault_gateway, \n-00026ad0: 204e 6578 743a 2070 7865 5f64 6566 6175 Next: pxe_defau\n-00026ae0: 6c74 5f73 6572 7665 722c 2020 5072 6576 lt_server, Prev\n-00026af0: 3a20 7078 655f 626c 6b73 697a 652c 2020 : pxe_blksize, \n-00026b00: 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 Up: Special envi\n-00026b10: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ronment variable\n-00026b20: 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3431 2070 7865 5f64 s..15.1.41 pxe_d\n-00026b30: 6566 6175 6c74 5f67 6174 6577 6179 0a2d efault_gateway.-\n+000263e0: 2d0a 0a2a 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 776f 726b -..*Note Network\n+000263f0: 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ::.....File: gru\n+00026400: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e b.info, Node: n\n+00026410: 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f69 6e74 6572 et_default_inter\n+00026420: 6661 6365 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 face, Next: net\n+00026430: 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f69 702c 2020 5072 _default_ip, Pr\n+00026440: 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 ev: net__rootpath, U\n+00026460: 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 p: Special envir\n+00026470: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 onment variables\n+00026480: 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e33 3420 6e65 745f 6465 ..15.1.34 net_de\n+00026490: 6661 756c 745f 696e 7465 7266 6163 650a fault_interface.\n+000264a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+000264b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a2a -------------..*\n+000264c0: 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a Note Network::..\n+000264d0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n+000264e0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f64 fo, Node: net_d\n+000264f0: 6566 6175 6c74 5f69 702c 2020 4e65 7874 efault_ip, Next\n+00026500: 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f 6d61 : net_default_ma\n+00026510: 632c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 c, Prev: net_de\n+00026520: 6661 756c 745f 696e 7465 7266 6163 652c fault_interface,\n+00026530: 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e Up: Special en\n+00026540: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 vironment variab\n+00026550: 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3335 206e 6574 les..15.1.35 net\n+00026560: 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f69 700a 2d2d 2d2d _default_ip.----\n+00026570: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00026580: 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 --..*Note Networ\n+00026590: 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 k::.....File: gr\n+000265a0: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+000265b0: 6e65 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f 6d61 632c net_default_mac,\n+000265c0: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6661 Next: net_defa\n+000265d0: 756c 745f 7365 7276 6572 2c20 2050 7265 ult_server, Pre\n+000265e0: 763a 206e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f69 v: net_default_i\n+000265f0: 702c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 p, Up: Special \n+00026600: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n+00026610: 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3336 206e ables..15.1.36 n\n+00026620: 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f6d 6163 0a2d et_default_mac.-\n+00026630: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00026640: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 ------..*Note Ne\n+00026650: 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 twork::.....File\n+00026660: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+00026670: 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f de: net_default_\n+00026680: 7365 7276 6572 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2070 server, Next: p\n+00026690: 6167 6572 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e 6574 ager, Prev: net\n+000266a0: 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f6d 6163 2c20 2055 _default_mac, U\n+000266b0: 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 p: Special envir\n+000266c0: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 onment variables\n+000266d0: 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e33 3720 6e65 745f 6465 ..15.1.37 net_de\n+000266e0: 6661 756c 745f 7365 7276 6572 0a2d 2d2d fault_server.---\n+000266f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00026700: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a2a 4e6f 7465 204e -------..*Note N\n+00026710: 6574 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c etwork::.....Fil\n+00026720: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+00026730: 6f64 653a 2070 6167 6572 2c20 204e 6578 ode: pager, Nex\n+00026740: 743a 2070 7265 6669 782c 2020 5072 6576 t: prefix, Prev\n+00026750: 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f 7365 : net_default_se\n+00026760: 7276 6572 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 rver, Up: Speci\n+00026770: 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 al environment v\n+00026780: 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e33 ariables..15.1.3\n+00026790: 3820 7061 6765 720a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 8 pager.--------\n+000267a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a49 6620 7365 7420 746f -----..If set to\n+000267b0: 20e2 8098 31e2 8099 2c20 7061 7573 6520 ...1..., pause \n+000267c0: 6f75 7470 7574 2061 6674 6572 2065 6163 output after eac\n+000267d0: 6820 7363 7265 656e 6675 6c20 616e 6420 h screenful and \n+000267e0: 7761 6974 2066 6f72 206b 6579 626f 6172 wait for keyboar\n+000267f0: 640a 696e 7075 742e 2020 5468 6520 6465 d.input. The de\n+00026800: 6661 756c 7420 6973 206e 6f74 2074 6f20 fault is not to \n+00026810: 7061 7573 6520 6f75 7470 7574 2e0a 0a1f pause output....\n+00026820: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+00026830: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2070 7265 6669 782c , Node: prefix,\n+00026840: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7078 655f 626c 6b73 Next: pxe_blks\n+00026850: 697a 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7061 6765 ize, Prev: page\n+00026860: 722c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 r, Up: Special \n+00026870: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n+00026880: 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3339 2070 ables..15.1.39 p\n+00026890: 7265 6669 780a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d refix.----------\n+000268a0: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6520 6c6f 6361 7469 ----..The locati\n+000268b0: 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 e280 982f 626f on of the .../bo\n+000268c0: 6f74 2f67 7275 62e2 8099 2064 6972 6563 ot/grub... direc\n+000268d0: 746f 7279 2061 7320 616e 2061 6273 6f6c tory as an absol\n+000268e0: 7574 6520 6669 6c65 206e 616d 650a 282a ute file name.(*\n+000268f0: 6e6f 7465 2046 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 2073 note File name s\n+00026900: 796e 7461 783a 3a29 2e20 2054 6869 7320 yntax::). This \n+00026910: 6973 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 7365 7420 is normally set \n+00026920: 6279 2047 5255 4220 6174 2073 7461 7274 by GRUB at start\n+00026930: 7570 0a62 6173 6564 206f 6e20 696e 666f up.based on info\n+00026940: 726d 6174 696f 6e20 7072 6f76 6964 6564 rmation provided\n+00026950: 2062 7920 e280 9867 7275 622d 696e 7374 by ...grub-inst\n+00026960: 616c 6ce2 8099 2e20 2047 5255 4220 6d6f all.... GRUB mo\n+00026970: 6475 6c65 7320 6172 650a 6479 6e61 6d69 dules are.dynami\n+00026980: 6361 6c6c 7920 6c6f 6164 6564 2066 726f cally loaded fro\n+00026990: 6d20 7468 6973 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 m this directory\n+000269a0: 2c20 736f 2069 7420 6d75 7374 2062 6520 , so it must be \n+000269b0: 7365 7420 636f 7272 6563 746c 7920 696e set correctly in\n+000269c0: 0a6f 7264 6572 2066 6f72 206d 616e 7920 .order for many \n+000269d0: 7061 7274 7320 6f66 2047 5255 4220 746f parts of GRUB to\n+000269e0: 2077 6f72 6b2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 work.....File: \n+000269f0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+00026a00: 3a20 7078 655f 626c 6b73 697a 652c 2020 : pxe_blksize, \n+00026a10: 4e65 7874 3a20 7078 655f 6465 6661 756c Next: pxe_defaul\n+00026a20: 745f 6761 7465 7761 792c 2020 5072 6576 t_gateway, Prev\n+00026a30: 3a20 7072 6566 6978 2c20 2055 703a 2053 : prefix, Up: S\n+00026a40: 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 pecial environme\n+00026a50: 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 nt variables..15\n+00026a60: 2e31 2e34 3020 7078 655f 626c 6b73 697a .1.40 pxe_blksiz\n+00026a70: 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d e.--------------\n+00026a80: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a2a 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 -----..*Note Net\n+00026a90: 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a work::.....File:\n+00026aa0: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+00026ab0: 653a 2070 7865 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f67 e: pxe_default_g\n+00026ac0: 6174 6577 6179 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2070 ateway, Next: p\n+00026ad0: 7865 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f73 6572 7665 xe_default_serve\n+00026ae0: 722c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7078 655f 626c r, Prev: pxe_bl\n+00026af0: 6b73 697a 652c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 ksize, Up: Spec\n+00026b00: 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 ial environment \n+00026b10: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e variables..15.1.\n+00026b20: 3431 2070 7865 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f67 41 pxe_default_g\n+00026b30: 6174 6577 6179 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ateway.---------\n 00026b40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00026b50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 ----------..*Not\n-00026b60: 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a e Network::.....\n-00026b70: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-00026b80: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7078 655f 6465 6661 Node: pxe_defa\n-00026b90: 756c 745f 7365 7276 6572 2c20 204e 6578 ult_server, Nex\n-00026ba0: 743a 2072 6f6f 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 t: root, Prev: \n-00026bb0: 7078 655f 6465 6661 756c 745f 6761 7465 pxe_default_gate\n-00026bc0: 7761 792c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 way, Up: Specia\n-00026bd0: 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 l environment va\n-00026be0: 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3432 riables..15.1.42\n-00026bf0: 2070 7865 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f73 6572 pxe_default_ser\n-00026c00: 7665 720a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ver.------------\n-00026c10: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n-00026c20: 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e *Note Network::.\n-00026c30: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-00026c40: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 726f 6f74 nfo, Node: root\n-00026c50: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2073 6869 6d5f 6c6f , Next: shim_lo\n-00026c60: 636b 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2070 7865 5f64 ck, Prev: pxe_d\n-00026c70: 6566 6175 6c74 5f73 6572 7665 722c 2020 efault_server, \n-00026c80: 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 Up: Special envi\n-00026c90: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ronment variable\n-00026ca0: 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3433 2072 6f6f 740a s..15.1.43 root.\n-00026cb0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 ------------..Th\n-00026cc0: 6520 726f 6f74 2064 6576 6963 6520 6e61 e root device na\n-00026cd0: 6d65 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 4465 7669 6365 me (*note Device\n-00026ce0: 2073 796e 7461 783a 3a29 2e20 2041 6e79 syntax::). Any\n-00026cf0: 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 7468 6174 file names that\n-00026d00: 2064 6f0a 6e6f 7420 7370 6563 6966 7920 do.not specify \n-00026d10: 616e 2065 7870 6c69 6369 7420 6465 7669 an explicit devi\n-00026d20: 6365 206e 616d 6520 6172 6520 7265 6164 ce name are read\n-00026d30: 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6973 2064 6576 6963 from this devic\n-00026d40: 652e 2020 5468 650a 6465 6661 756c 7420 e. The.default \n-00026d50: 6973 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 7365 7420 is normally set \n-00026d60: 6279 2047 5255 4220 6174 2073 7461 7274 by GRUB at start\n-00026d70: 7570 2062 6173 6564 206f 6e20 7468 6520 up based on the \n-00026d80: 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 0ae2 8098 7072 6566 value of....pref\n-00026d90: 6978 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2070 7265 ix... (*note pre\n-00026da0: 6669 783a 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 466f 7220 fix::)... For \n-00026db0: 6578 616d 706c 652c 2069 6620 4752 5542 example, if GRUB\n-00026dc0: 2077 6173 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2074 was installed t\n-00026dd0: 6f20 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 7061 7274 o the first part\n-00026de0: 6974 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 0a66 6972 ition of the.fir\n-00026df0: 7374 2068 6172 6420 6469 736b 2c20 7468 st hard disk, th\n-00026e00: 656e 20e2 8098 7072 6566 6978 e280 9920 en ...prefix... \n-00026e10: 6d69 6768 7420 6265 2073 6574 2074 6f20 might be set to \n-00026e20: e280 9828 6864 302c 6d73 646f 7331 292f ...(hd0,msdos1)/\n-00026e30: 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 62e2 8099 0a61 6e64 boot/grub....and\n-00026e40: 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 e280 9920 746f 20e2 ...root... to .\n-00026e50: 8098 6864 302c 6d73 646f 7331 e280 992e ..hd0,msdos1....\n-00026e60: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-00026e70: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7368 696d nfo, Node: shim\n-00026e80: 5f6c 6f63 6b2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7375 _lock, Next: su\n-00026e90: 7065 7275 7365 7273 2c20 2050 7265 763a perusers, Prev:\n-00026ea0: 2072 6f6f 742c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 root, Up: Spec\n-00026eb0: 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 ial environment \n-00026ec0: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e variables..15.1.\n-00026ed0: 3434 2073 6869 6d5f 6c6f 636b 0a2d 2d2d 44 shim_lock.---\n-00026ee0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n-00026ef0: 4966 2074 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 If this variable\n-00026f00: 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 79e2 is set to ...y.\n-00026f10: 8099 2c20 6974 206d 6561 6e73 2074 6861 .., it means tha\n-00026f20: 7420 7468 6520 7368 696d 5f6c 6f63 6b20 t the shim_lock \n-00026f30: 7665 7269 6669 6572 2069 730a 7265 6769 verifier is.regi\n-00026f40: 7374 6572 6564 2028 7365 6520 2a6e 6f74 stered (see *not\n-00026f50: 6520 5545 4649 2073 6563 7572 6520 626f e UEFI secure bo\n-00026f60: 6f74 2061 6e64 2073 6869 6d3a 3a29 2e0a ot and shim::)..\n-00026f70: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-00026f80: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2073 7570 6572 fo, Node: super\n-00026f90: 7573 6572 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7468 users, Next: th\n-00026fa0: 656d 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7368 696d eme, Prev: shim\n-00026fb0: 5f6c 6f63 6b2c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 _lock, Up: Spec\n-00026fc0: 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 ial environment \n-00026fd0: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e variables..15.1.\n-00026fe0: 3435 2073 7570 6572 7573 6572 730a 2d2d 45 superusers.--\n-00026ff0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00027000: 0a0a 5468 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 ..This variable \n-00027010: 6d61 7920 6265 2073 6574 2074 6f20 6120 may be set to a \n-00027020: 6c69 7374 206f 6620 7375 7065 7275 7365 list of superuse\n-00027030: 7220 6e61 6d65 7320 746f 2065 6e61 626c r names to enabl\n-00027040: 650a 6175 7468 656e 7469 6361 7469 6f6e e.authentication\n-00027050: 2073 7570 706f 7274 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 support. *Note\n-00027060: 2053 6563 7572 6974 793a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a Security::.....\n-00027070: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-00027080: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7468 656d 652c 2020 Node: theme, \n-00027090: 4e65 7874 3a20 7469 6d65 6f75 742c 2020 Next: timeout, \n-000270a0: 5072 6576 3a20 7375 7065 7275 7365 7273 Prev: superusers\n-000270b0: 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 , Up: Special e\n-000270c0: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n-000270d0: 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e34 3620 7468 bles..15.1.46 th\n-000270e0: 656d 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d eme.------------\n-000270f0: 2d0a 0a54 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 -..This variable\n-00027100: 206d 6179 2062 6520 7365 7420 746f 2061 may be set to a\n-00027110: 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2063 6f6e 7461 directory conta\n-00027120: 696e 696e 6720 6120 4752 5542 2067 7261 ining a GRUB gra\n-00027130: 7068 6963 616c 206d 656e 750a 7468 656d phical menu.them\n-00027140: 652e 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 5468 656d 6520 e. *Note Theme \n-00027150: 6669 6c65 2066 6f72 6d61 743a 3a2e 0a0a file format::...\n-00027160: 2020 2054 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 This variable\n-00027170: 2069 7320 6f66 7465 6e20 7365 7420 6279 is often set by\n-00027180: 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 4845 4d45 e280 ...GRUB_THEME..\n-00027190: 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2053 696d 706c 650a . (*note Simple.\n-000271a0: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e3a 3a29 configuration::)\n-000271b0: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-000271c0: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2074 696d info, Node: tim\n-000271d0: 656f 7574 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2074 696d eout, Next: tim\n-000271e0: 656f 7574 5f73 7479 6c65 2c20 2050 7265 eout_style, Pre\n-000271f0: 763a 2074 6865 6d65 2c20 2055 703a 2053 v: theme, Up: S\n-00027200: 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 pecial environme\n-00027210: 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 nt variables..15\n-00027220: 2e31 2e34 3720 7469 6d65 6f75 740a 2d2d .1.47 timeout.--\n-00027230: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a49 -------------..I\n-00027240: 6620 7468 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 f this variable \n-00027250: 6973 2073 6574 2c20 6974 2073 7065 6369 is set, it speci\n-00027260: 6669 6573 2074 6865 2074 696d 6520 696e fies the time in\n-00027270: 2073 6563 6f6e 6473 2074 6f20 7761 6974 seconds to wait\n-00027280: 2066 6f72 0a6b 6579 626f 6172 6420 696e for.keyboard in\n-00027290: 7075 7420 6265 666f 7265 2062 6f6f 7469 put before booti\n-000272a0: 6e67 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 206d ng the default m\n-000272b0: 656e 7520 656e 7472 792e 2020 4120 7469 enu entry. A ti\n-000272c0: 6d65 6f75 7420 6f66 20e2 8098 30e2 8099 meout of ...0...\n-000272d0: 0a6d 6561 6e73 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 2074 .means to boot t\n-000272e0: 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2065 6e74 7279 he default entry\n-000272f0: 2069 6d6d 6564 6961 7465 6c79 2077 6974 immediately wit\n-00027300: 686f 7574 2064 6973 706c 6179 696e 6720 hout displaying \n-00027310: 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 3b0a 6120 7469 6d65 the menu;.a time\n-00027320: 6f75 7420 6f66 20e2 8098 2d31 e280 9920 out of ...-1... \n-00027330: 286f 7220 756e 7365 7429 206d 6561 6e73 (or unset) means\n-00027340: 2074 6f20 7761 6974 2069 6e64 6566 696e to wait indefin\n-00027350: 6974 656c 792e 0a0a 2020 2049 6620 e280 itely... If ..\n-00027360: 9874 696d 656f 7574 5f73 7479 6c65 e280 .timeout_style..\n-00027370: 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2074 696d 656f 7574 . (*note timeout\n-00027380: 5f73 7479 6c65 3a3a 2920 6973 2073 6574 _style::) is set\n-00027390: 2074 6f20 e280 9863 6f75 6e74 646f 776e to ...countdown\n-000273a0: e280 9920 6f72 0ae2 8098 6869 6464 656e ... or....hidden\n-000273b0: e280 992c 2074 6865 2074 696d 656f 7574 ..., the timeout\n-000273c0: 2069 7320 696e 7374 6561 6420 636f 756e is instead coun\n-000273d0: 7465 6420 6265 666f 7265 2074 6865 206d ted before the m\n-000273e0: 656e 7520 6973 2064 6973 706c 6179 6564 enu is displayed\n-000273f0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6973 2076 6172 6961 ... This varia\n-00027400: 626c 6520 6973 206f 6674 656e 2073 6574 ble is often set\n-00027410: 2062 7920 e280 9847 5255 425f 5449 4d45 by ...GRUB_TIME\n-00027420: 4f55 54e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 5369 OUT... (*note Si\n-00027430: 6d70 6c65 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 mple.configurati\n-00027440: 6f6e 3a3a 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 on::).....File: \n-00027450: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-00027460: 3a20 7469 6d65 6f75 745f 7374 796c 652c : timeout_style,\n-00027470: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7470 6d5f 6661 696c Next: tpm_fail\n-00027480: 5f66 6174 616c 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2074 _fatal, Prev: t\n-00027490: 696d 656f 7574 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 imeout, Up: Spe\n-000274a0: 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 cial environment\n-000274b0: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 variables..15.1\n-000274c0: 2e34 3820 7469 6d65 6f75 745f 7374 796c .48 timeout_styl\n-000274d0: 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d e.--------------\n-000274e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6869 7320 7661 -------..This va\n-000274f0: 7269 6162 6c65 206d 6179 2062 6520 7365 riable may be se\n-00027500: 7420 746f 20e2 8098 6d65 6e75 e280 992c t to ...menu...,\n-00027510: 20e2 8098 636f 756e 7464 6f77 6ee2 8099 ...countdown...\n-00027520: 2c20 6f72 20e2 8098 6869 6464 656e e280 , or ...hidden..\n-00027530: 9920 746f 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 0a74 6865 . to control.the\n-00027540: 2077 6179 2069 6e20 7768 6963 6820 7468 way in which th\n-00027550: 6520 7469 6d65 6f75 7420 282a 6e6f 7465 e timeout (*note\n-00027560: 2074 696d 656f 7574 3a3a 2920 696e 7465 timeout::) inte\n-00027570: 7261 6374 7320 7769 7468 2064 6973 706c racts with displ\n-00027580: 6179 696e 670a 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2e20 aying.the menu. \n-00027590: 2053 6565 2074 6865 2064 6f63 756d 656e See the documen\n-000275a0: 7461 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 e280 9847 5255 tation of ...GRU\n-000275b0: 425f 5449 4d45 4f55 545f 5354 594c 45e2 B_TIMEOUT_STYLE.\n-000275c0: 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 5369 6d70 6c65 .. (*note Simple\n-000275d0: 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a .configuration::\n-000275e0: 2920 666f 7220 6465 7461 696c 732e 0a0a ) for details...\n-000275f0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-00027600: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7470 6d5f 6661 o, Node: tpm_fa\n-00027610: 696c 5f66 6174 616c 2c20 2050 7265 763a il_fatal, Prev:\n-00027620: 2074 696d 656f 7574 5f73 7479 6c65 2c20 timeout_style, \n-00027630: 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 Up: Special env\n-00027640: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c ironment variabl\n-00027650: 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e34 3920 7470 6d5f es..15.1.49 tpm_\n-00027660: 6661 696c 5f66 6174 616c 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d fail_fatal.-----\n-00027670: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00027680: 2d0a 0a49 6620 7468 6973 2076 6172 6961 -..If this varia\n-00027690: 626c 6520 6973 2073 6574 2061 6e64 2074 ble is set and t\n-000276a0: 7275 6520 2869 2e65 2e2c 206e 6f74 2073 rue (i.e., not s\n-000276b0: 6574 2074 6f20 2230 222c 2022 6661 6c73 et to \"0\", \"fals\n-000276c0: 6522 2c0a 2264 6973 6162 6c65 222c 206f e\",.\"disable\", o\n-000276d0: 7220 226e 6f22 292c 2054 504d 206d 6561 r \"no\"), TPM mea\n-000276e0: 7375 7265 6d65 6e74 7320 7468 6174 2066 surements that f\n-000276f0: 6169 6c20 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 7472 6561 ail will be trea\n-00027700: 7465 6420 6173 0a66 6174 616c 2e20 204f ted as.fatal. O\n-00027710: 7468 6572 7769 7365 2c20 7468 6579 2077 therwise, they w\n-00027720: 696c 6c20 6d65 7265 6c79 2062 6520 6465 ill merely be de\n-00027730: 6275 672d 6c6f 6767 6564 2061 6e64 2062 bug-logged and b\n-00027740: 6f6f 7420 7769 6c6c 0a63 6f6e 7469 6e75 oot will.continu\n-00027750: 652e 0a0a 2020 2043 616c 6c20 746f 2045 e... Call to E\n-00027760: 4649 2066 6972 6d77 6172 652c 206c 696b FI firmware, lik\n-00027770: 6520 6861 7368 5f6c 6f67 5f65 7874 656e e hash_log_exten\n-00027780: 645f 6576 656e 7428 292c 2063 616e 2072 d_event(), can r\n-00027790: 6574 7572 6e20 616e 0a75 6e6b 6e6f 776e eturn an.unknown\n-000277a0: 2065 7272 6f72 2c20 692e 652e 2020 6475 error, i.e. du\n-000277b0: 6520 746f 2062 7567 2070 7265 7365 6e74 e to bug present\n-000277c0: 2069 6e20 6669 726d 7761 7265 2e20 2057 in firmware. W\n-000277d0: 6865 6e20 7468 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c hen this variabl\n-000277e0: 650a 6973 2073 6574 2061 6e64 2074 7275 e.is set and tru\n-000277f0: 6520 2873 616d 6520 7661 6c75 6573 2061 e (same values a\n-00027800: 7320 7769 7468 2054 504d 206d 6561 7375 s with TPM measu\n-00027810: 7265 6d65 6e74 7329 2074 6869 7320 7369 rements) this si\n-00027820: 7475 6174 696f 6e0a 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 tuation.will be \n-00027830: 636f 6e73 6964 6572 6564 2074 6f20 6265 considered to be\n-00027840: 2066 6174 616c 2061 6e64 2065 7272 6f72 fatal and error\n-00027850: 2d6c 6f67 6765 6420 6173 2022 756e 6b6e -logged as \"unkn\n-00027860: 6f77 6e20 5450 4d20 6572 726f 7222 2e0a own TPM error\"..\n-00027870: 4966 206e 6f74 2073 6574 2c20 626f 6f74 If not set, boot\n-00027880: 696e 6720 7468 6520 4f53 2077 696c 6c20 ing the OS will \n-00027890: 6265 2065 6e61 626c 6564 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 be enabled.....F\n-000278a0: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-000278b0: 204e 6f64 653a 2045 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 Node: Environme\n-000278c0: 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 2c20 2050 7265 763a nt block, Prev:\n-000278d0: 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e Special environ\n-000278e0: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2c20 ment variables, \n-000278f0: 2055 703a 2045 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 Up: Environment\n-00027900: 0a0a 3135 2e32 2054 6865 2047 5255 4220 ..15.2 The GRUB \n-00027910: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 environment bloc\n-00027920: 6b0a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d k.==============\n-00027930: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00027940: 3d0a 0a49 7420 6973 206f 6674 656e 2075 =..It is often u\n-00027950: 7365 6675 6c20 746f 2062 6520 6162 6c65 seful to be able\n-00027960: 2074 6f20 7265 6d65 6d62 6572 2061 2073 to remember a s\n-00027970: 6d61 6c6c 2061 6d6f 756e 7420 6f66 2069 mall amount of i\n-00027980: 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 0a66 726f 6d20 nformation.from \n-00027990: 6f6e 6520 626f 6f74 2074 6f20 7468 6520 one boot to the \n-000279a0: 6e65 7874 2e20 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 next. For examp\n-000279b0: 6c65 2c20 796f 7520 6d69 6768 7420 7761 le, you might wa\n-000279c0: 6e74 2074 6f20 7365 7420 7468 650a 6465 nt to set the.de\n-000279d0: 6661 756c 7420 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 fault menu entry\n-000279e0: 2062 6173 6564 206f 6e20 7768 6174 2077 based on what w\n-000279f0: 6173 2073 656c 6563 7465 6420 7468 6520 as selected the \n-00027a00: 6c61 7374 2074 696d 652e 2020 4752 5542 last time. GRUB\n-00027a10: 0a64 656c 6962 6572 6174 656c 7920 646f .deliberately do\n-00027a20: 6573 206e 6f74 2069 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 es not implement\n-00027a30: 2073 7570 706f 7274 2066 6f72 2077 7269 support for wri\n-00027a40: 7469 6e67 2066 696c 6573 2069 6e20 6f72 ting files in or\n-00027a50: 6465 7220 746f 0a6d 696e 696d 6973 6520 der to.minimise \n-00027a60: 7468 6520 706f 7373 6962 696c 6974 7920 the possibility \n-00027a70: 6f66 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 of the boot load\n-00027a80: 6572 2062 6569 6e67 2072 6573 706f 6e73 er being respons\n-00027a90: 6962 6c65 2066 6f72 2066 696c 650a 7379 ible for file.sy\n-00027aa0: 7374 656d 2063 6f72 7275 7074 696f 6e2c stem corruption,\n-00027ab0: 2073 6f20 6120 4752 5542 2063 6f6e 6669 so a GRUB confi\n-00027ac0: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 6361 guration file ca\n-00027ad0: 6e6e 6f74 206a 7573 7420 6372 6561 7465 nnot just create\n-00027ae0: 2061 0a66 696c 6520 696e 2074 6865 206f a.file in the o\n-00027af0: 7264 696e 6172 7920 7761 792e 2020 486f rdinary way. Ho\n-00027b00: 7765 7665 722c 2047 5255 4220 7072 6f76 wever, GRUB prov\n-00027b10: 6964 6573 2061 6e20 2265 6e76 6972 6f6e ides an \"environ\n-00027b20: 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 220a 7768 6963 ment block\".whic\n-00027b30: 6820 6361 6e20 6265 2075 7365 6420 746f h can be used to\n-00027b40: 2073 6176 6520 6120 736d 616c 6c20 616d save a small am\n-00027b50: 6f75 6e74 206f 6620 7374 6174 652e 0a0a ount of state...\n-00027b60: 2020 2054 6865 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 The environme\n-00027b70: 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 2069 7320 6120 7072 nt block is a pr\n-00027b80: 6561 6c6c 6f63 6174 6564 2031 3032 342d eallocated 1024-\n-00027b90: 6279 7465 2066 696c 652c 2077 6869 6368 byte file, which\n-00027ba0: 0a6e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 6c69 7665 7320 .normally lives \n-00027bb0: 696e 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 in .../boot/grub\n-00027bc0: 2f67 7275 6265 6e76 e280 9920 2861 6c74 /grubenv... (alt\n-00027bd0: 686f 7567 6820 796f 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 hough you should\n-00027be0: 206e 6f74 2061 7373 756d 650a 7468 6973 not assume.this\n-00027bf0: 292e 2020 4174 2062 6f6f 7420 7469 6d65 ). At boot time\n-00027c00: 2c20 7468 6520 e280 986c 6f61 645f 656e , the ...load_en\n-00027c10: 76e2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e v... command (*n\n-00027c20: 6f74 6520 6c6f 6164 5f65 6e76 3a3a 2920 ote load_env::) \n-00027c30: 6c6f 6164 730a 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e loads.environmen\n-00027c40: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 6672 6f6d t variables from\n-00027c50: 2069 742c 2061 6e64 2074 6865 20e2 8098 it, and the ...\n-00027c60: 7361 7665 5f65 6e76 e280 9920 282a 6e6f save_env... (*no\n-00027c70: 7465 2073 6176 655f 656e 763a 3a29 0a63 te save_env::).c\n-00027c80: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2073 6176 6573 2065 6e76 ommand saves env\n-00027c90: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c ironment variabl\n-00027ca0: 6573 2074 6f20 6974 2e20 2046 726f 6d20 es to it. From \n-00027cb0: 6120 7275 6e6e 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d a running system\n-00027cc0: 2c20 7468 650a e280 9867 7275 622d 6564 , the....grub-ed\n-00027cd0: 6974 656e 76e2 8099 2075 7469 6c69 7479 itenv... utility\n-00027ce0: 2063 616e 2062 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f20 can be used to \n-00027cf0: 6564 6974 2074 6865 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e edit the environ\n-00027d00: 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 2e0a 0a20 2020 ment block... \n-00027d10: 466f 7220 7361 6665 7479 2072 6561 736f For safety reaso\n-00027d20: 6e73 2c20 7468 6973 2073 746f 7261 6765 ns, this storage\n-00027d30: 2069 7320 6f6e 6c79 2061 7661 696c 6162 is only availab\n-00027d40: 6c65 2077 6865 6e20 696e 7374 616c 6c65 le when installe\n-00027d50: 6420 6f6e 0a61 2070 6c61 696e 2064 6973 d on.a plain dis\n-00027d60: 6b20 286e 6f20 4c56 4d20 6f72 2052 4149 k (no LVM or RAI\n-00027d70: 4429 2c20 7573 696e 6720 6120 6e6f 6e2d D), using a non-\n-00027d80: 6368 6563 6b73 756d 6d69 6e67 2066 696c checksumming fil\n-00027d90: 6573 7973 7465 6d20 286e 6f0a 5a46 5329 esystem (no.ZFS)\n-00027da0: 2c20 616e 6420 7573 696e 6720 4249 4f53 , and using BIOS\n-00027db0: 206f 7220 4546 4920 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e or EFI function\n-00027dc0: 7320 286e 6f20 4154 412c 2055 5342 206f s (no ATA, USB o\n-00027dd0: 7220 4945 4545 3132 3735 292e 0a0a 2020 r IEEE1275)... \n-00027de0: 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 ...grub-mkconfi\n-00027df0: 67e2 8099 2075 7365 7320 7468 6973 2066 g... uses this f\n-00027e00: 6163 696c 6974 7920 746f 2069 6d70 6c65 acility to imple\n-00027e10: 6d65 6e74 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f53 4156 ment ...GRUB_SAV\n-00027e20: 4544 4546 4155 4c54 e280 990a 282a 6e6f EDEFAULT....(*no\n-00027e30: 7465 2053 696d 706c 6520 636f 6e66 6967 te Simple config\n-00027e40: 7572 6174 696f 6e3a 3a29 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 uration::).....F\n-00027e50: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-00027e60: 204e 6f64 653a 204d 6f64 756c 6573 2c20 Node: Modules, \n-00027e70: 204e 6578 743a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c Next: Commands,\n-00027e80: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 456e 7669 726f 6e6d Prev: Environm\n-00027e90: 656e 742c 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a31 ent, Up: Top..1\n-00027ea0: 3620 4d6f 6475 6c65 730a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 6 Modules.******\n-00027eb0: 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 496e 2074 6869 7320 6368 ****..In this ch\n-00027ec0: 6170 7465 722c 2077 6520 6c69 7374 2061 apter, we list a\n-00027ed0: 6c6c 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2074 6861 7420 ll modules that \n-00027ee0: 6172 6520 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 696e are available in\n-00027ef0: 2047 5255 420a 2863 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 GRUB.(currently\n-00027f00: 2069 6e63 6f6d 706c 6574 6529 2e0a 0a20 incomplete)... \n-00027f10: 2020 4d6f 6475 6c65 7320 6361 6e20 6265 Modules can be\n-00027f20: 206c 6f61 6465 6420 7669 6120 7468 6520 loaded via the \n-00027f30: e280 9869 6e73 6d6f 64e2 8099 2028 2a6e ...insmod... (*n\n-00027f40: 6f74 6520 696e 736d 6f64 3a3a 2920 636f ote insmod::) co\n-00027f50: 6d6d 616e 642e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a mmand...* Menu:.\n-00027f60: 0a2a 2062 6c69 3a3a 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 .* bli::....File\n-00027f70: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-00027f80: 6465 3a20 626c 692c 2020 5570 3a20 4d6f de: bli, Up: Mo\n-00027f90: 6475 6c65 730a 0a31 362e 3120 626c 690a dules..16.1 bli.\n-00027fa0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6973 206d ========..This m\n-00027fb0: 6f64 756c 6520 7072 6f76 6964 6573 2062 odule provides b\n-00027fc0: 6173 6963 2073 7570 706f 7274 2066 6f72 asic support for\n-00027fd0: 2074 6865 2042 6f6f 7420 4c6f 6164 6572 the Boot Loader\n-00027fe0: 2049 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2e20 2054 6865 Interface. The\n-00027ff0: 0a42 6f6f 7420 4c6f 6164 6572 2049 6e74 .Boot Loader Int\n-00028000: 6572 6661 6365 2073 7065 6369 6669 6573 erface specifies\n-00028010: 2061 2073 6574 206f 6620 4546 4920 7661 a set of EFI va\n-00028020: 7269 6162 6c65 7320 7468 6174 2061 7265 riables that are\n-00028030: 2075 7365 6420 746f 0a63 6f6d 6d75 6e69 used to.communi\n-00028040: 6361 7465 2062 6f6f 742d 7469 6d65 2069 cate boot-time i\n-00028050: 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2062 6574 7765 nformation betwe\n-00028060: 656e 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 746c 6f61 6465 en the bootloade\n-00028070: 7220 616e 6420 7468 650a 6f70 6572 6174 r and the.operat\n-00028080: 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 2e0a 0a20 2020 ing system... \n-00028090: 5468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 7661 The following va\n-000280a0: 7269 6162 6c65 7320 6172 6520 706c 6163 riables are plac\n-000280b0: 6564 2075 6e64 6572 2074 6865 2076 656e ed under the ven\n-000280c0: 646f 7220 5555 4944 0ae2 8098 3461 3637 dor UUID....4a67\n-000280d0: 6230 3832 2d30 6134 632d 3431 6366 2d62 b082-0a4c-41cf-b\n-000280e0: 3663 372d 3434 3062 3239 6262 3863 3466 6c7-440b29bb8c4f\n-000280f0: e280 9920 7768 656e 2074 6865 206d 6f64 ... when the mod\n-00028100: 756c 6520 6973 206c 6f61 6465 643a 0a0a ule is loaded:..\n-00028110: 2020 2054 6865 2047 5054 2070 6172 7469 The GPT parti\n-00028120: 7469 6f6e 2055 5549 4420 6f66 2074 6865 tion UUID of the\n-00028130: 2045 4649 2053 7973 7465 6d20 5061 7274 EFI System Part\n-00028140: 6974 696f 6e20 7573 6564 2064 7572 696e ition used durin\n-00028150: 6720 626f 6f74 0a69 7320 7075 626c 6973 g boot.is publis\n-00028160: 6865 6420 7669 6120 7468 6520 e280 984c hed via the ...L\n-00028170: 6f61 6465 7244 6576 6963 6550 6172 7455 oaderDevicePartU\n-00028180: 5549 44e2 8099 2076 6172 6961 626c 652e UID... variable.\n-00028190: 2020 5468 6520 426f 6f74 204c 6f61 6465 The Boot Loade\n-000281a0: 720a 496e 7465 7266 6163 6520 7370 6563 r.Interface spec\n-000281b0: 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 7265 7175 6972 ification requir\n-000281c0: 6573 2047 5054 2066 6f72 6d61 7474 6564 es GPT formatted\n-000281d0: 2064 7269 7665 732e 2020 5468 6520 626c drives. The bl\n-000281e0: 6920 6d6f 6475 6c65 0a69 676e 6f72 6573 i module.ignores\n-000281f0: 2064 7269 7665 732f 7061 7274 6974 696f drives/partitio\n-00028200: 6e73 2069 6e20 616e 7920 6f74 6865 7220 ns in any other \n-00028210: 666f 726d 6174 2e20 2049 6620 4752 5542 format. If GRUB\n-00028220: 2069 7320 6c6f 6164 6564 2066 726f 6d20 is loaded from \n-00028230: 610a 6e6f 6e2d 4750 5420 7061 7274 6974 a.non-GPT partit\n-00028240: 696f 6e2c 2065 2e67 2e20 2066 726f 6d20 ion, e.g. from \n-00028250: 616e 204d 5344 4f53 2066 6f72 6d61 7474 an MSDOS formatt\n-00028260: 6564 2064 7269 7665 206f 7220 6e65 7477 ed drive or netw\n-00028270: 6f72 6b2c 2074 6869 730a 7661 7269 6162 ork, this.variab\n-00028280: 6c65 2077 696c 6c20 6e6f 7420 6265 2073 le will not be s\n-00028290: 6574 2e0a 0a20 2020 4120 7374 7269 6e67 et... A string\n-000282a0: 2069 6465 6e74 6966 7969 6e67 2047 5255 identifying GRU\n-000282b0: 4220 6173 2074 6865 2061 6374 6976 6520 B as the active \n-000282c0: 626f 6f74 6c6f 6164 6572 2069 6e63 6c75 bootloader inclu\n-000282d0: 6469 6e67 2074 6865 0a76 6572 7369 6f6e ding the.version\n-000282e0: 206e 756d 6265 7220 6973 2073 746f 7265 number is store\n-000282f0: 6420 696e 20e2 8098 4c6f 6164 6572 496e d in ...LoaderIn\n-00028300: 666f e280 992e 0a0a 2020 2054 6869 7320 fo...... This \n-00028310: 6d6f 6475 6c65 2069 7320 6f6e 6c79 2061 module is only a\n-00028320: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 206f 6e20 5545 4649 vailable on UEFI\n-00028330: 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 platforms.....F\n-00028340: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-00028350: 204e 6f64 653a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c Node: Commands,\n-00028360: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 496e 7465 726e 6174 Next: Internat\n-00028370: 696f 6e61 6c69 7361 7469 6f6e 2c20 2050 ionalisation, P\n-00028380: 7265 763a 204d 6f64 756c 6573 2c20 2055 rev: Modules, U\n-00028390: 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 3137 2041 7661 696c p: Top..17 Avail\n-000283a0: 6162 6c65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 2a2a able commands.**\n-000283b0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-000283c0: 2a2a 2a0a 0a49 6e20 7468 6973 2063 6861 ***..In this cha\n-000283d0: 7074 6572 2c20 7765 206c 6973 7420 616c pter, we list al\n-000283e0: 6c20 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2074 6861 7420 l commands that \n-000283f0: 6172 6520 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 696e are available in\n-00028400: 2047 5255 422e 0a0a 2020 2043 6f6d 6d61 GRUB... Comma\n-00028410: 6e64 7320 6265 6c6f 6e67 2074 6f20 6469 nds belong to di\n-00028420: 6666 6572 656e 7420 6772 6f75 7073 2e20 fferent groups. \n-00028430: 2041 2066 6577 2063 616e 206f 6e6c 7920 A few can only \n-00028440: 6265 2075 7365 6420 696e 2074 6865 0a67 be used in the.g\n-00028450: 6c6f 6261 6c20 7365 6374 696f 6e20 6f66 lobal section of\n-00028460: 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 the configurati\n-00028470: 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 286f 7220 226d 656e on file (or \"men\n-00028480: 7522 293b 206d 6f73 7420 6f66 2074 6865 u\"); most of the\n-00028490: 6d20 6361 6e0a 6265 2065 6e74 6572 6564 m can.be entered\n-000284a0: 206f 6e20 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d on the command-\n-000284b0: 6c69 6e65 2061 6e64 2063 616e 2062 6520 line and can be \n-000284c0: 7573 6564 2065 6974 6865 7220 616e 7977 used either anyw\n-000284d0: 6865 7265 2069 6e20 7468 650a 6d65 6e75 here in the.menu\n-000284e0: 206f 7220 7370 6563 6966 6963 616c 6c79 or specifically\n-000284f0: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 in the menu ent\n-00028500: 7269 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 496e 2072 6573 ries... In res\n-00028510: 6375 6520 6d6f 6465 2c20 6f6e 6c79 2074 cue mode, only t\n-00028520: 6865 20e2 8098 696e 736d 6f64 e280 9920 he ...insmod... \n-00028530: 282a 6e6f 7465 2069 6e73 6d6f 643a 3a29 (*note insmod::)\n-00028540: 2c20 e280 986c 73e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 , ...ls... (*not\n-00028550: 650a 6c73 3a3a 292c 20e2 8098 7365 74e2 e.ls::), ...set.\n-00028560: 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 7365 743a 3a29 .. (*note set::)\n-00028570: 2c20 616e 6420 e280 9875 6e73 6574 e280 , and ...unset..\n-00028580: 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2075 6e73 6574 3a3a . (*note unset::\n-00028590: 2920 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2061 7265 0a6e ) commands are.n\n-000285a0: 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 6176 6169 6c61 626c ormally availabl\n-000285b0: 652e 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2065 6e64 2075 e. If you end u\n-000285c0: 7020 696e 2072 6573 6375 6520 6d6f 6465 p in rescue mode\n-000285d0: 2061 6e64 2064 6f20 6e6f 7420 6b6e 6f77 and do not know\n-000285e0: 2077 6861 740a 746f 2064 6f2c 2074 6865 what.to do, the\n-000285f0: 6e20 2a6e 6f74 6520 4752 5542 206f 6e6c n *note GRUB onl\n-00028600: 7920 6f66 6665 7273 2061 2072 6573 6375 y offers a rescu\n-00028610: 6520 7368 656c 6c3a 3a2e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 e shell::...* Me\n-00028620: 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 204d 656e 752d 7370 6563 nu:..* Menu-spec\n-00028630: 6966 6963 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 733a 3a0a ific commands::.\n-00028640: 2a20 4c6f 6164 6572 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 * Loader command\n-00028650: 733a 3a0a 2a20 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 636f s::.* General co\n-00028660: 6d6d 616e 6473 3a3a 0a2a 2043 6f6d 6d61 mmands::.* Comma\n-00028670: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 nd-line commands\n-00028680: 3a3a 0a2a 204e 6574 776f 726b 696e 6720 ::.* Networking \n-00028690: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 3a3a 0a2a 2055 6e64 commands::.* Und\n-000286a0: 6f63 756d 656e 7465 6420 636f 6d6d 616e ocumented comman\n-000286b0: 6473 3a3a 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ds::....File: gr\n-000286c0: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-000286d0: 4d65 6e75 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 636f Menu-specific co\n-000286e0: 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 204e 6578 743a 204c mmands, Next: L\n-000286f0: 6f61 6465 7220 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 oader commands, \n-00028700: 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 Up: Commands..1\n-00028710: 372e 3120 436f 6d6d 616e 6473 2066 6f72 7.1 Commands for\n-00028720: 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 6f6e 6c79 0a3d the menu only.=\n+00026b50: 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 --..*Note Networ\n+00026b60: 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 k::.....File: gr\n+00026b70: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+00026b80: 7078 655f 6465 6661 756c 745f 7365 7276 pxe_default_serv\n+00026b90: 6572 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2072 6f6f 742c er, Next: root,\n+00026ba0: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7078 655f 6465 6661 Prev: pxe_defa\n+00026bb0: 756c 745f 6761 7465 7761 792c 2020 5570 ult_gateway, Up\n+00026bc0: 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f : Special enviro\n+00026bd0: 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a nment variables.\n+00026be0: 0a31 352e 312e 3432 2070 7865 5f64 6566 .15.1.42 pxe_def\n+00026bf0: 6175 6c74 5f73 6572 7665 720a 2d2d 2d2d ault_server.----\n+00026c00: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00026c10: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 ------..*Note Ne\n+00026c20: 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 twork::.....File\n+00026c30: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+00026c40: 6465 3a20 726f 6f74 2c20 204e 6578 743a de: root, Next:\n+00026c50: 2073 6869 6d5f 6c6f 636b 2c20 2050 7265 shim_lock, Pre\n+00026c60: 763a 2070 7865 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f73 v: pxe_default_s\n+00026c70: 6572 7665 722c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 erver, Up: Spec\n+00026c80: 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 ial environment \n+00026c90: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e variables..15.1.\n+00026ca0: 3433 2072 6f6f 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 43 root.--------\n+00026cb0: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6520 726f 6f74 2064 ----..The root d\n+00026cc0: 6576 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 2028 2a6e 6f74 evice name (*not\n+00026cd0: 6520 4465 7669 6365 2073 796e 7461 783a e Device syntax:\n+00026ce0: 3a29 2e20 2041 6e79 2066 696c 6520 6e61 :). Any file na\n+00026cf0: 6d65 7320 7468 6174 2064 6f0a 6e6f 7420 mes that do.not \n+00026d00: 7370 6563 6966 7920 616e 2065 7870 6c69 specify an expli\n+00026d10: 6369 7420 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 6520 cit device name \n+00026d20: 6172 6520 7265 6164 2066 726f 6d20 7468 are read from th\n+00026d30: 6973 2064 6576 6963 652e 2020 5468 650a is device. The.\n+00026d40: 6465 6661 756c 7420 6973 206e 6f72 6d61 default is norma\n+00026d50: 6c6c 7920 7365 7420 6279 2047 5255 4220 lly set by GRUB \n+00026d60: 6174 2073 7461 7274 7570 2062 6173 6564 at startup based\n+00026d70: 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 on the value of\n+00026d80: 0ae2 8098 7072 6566 6978 e280 9920 282a ....prefix... (*\n+00026d90: 6e6f 7465 2070 7265 6669 783a 3a29 2e0a note prefix::)..\n+00026da0: 0a20 2020 466f 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c . For example,\n+00026db0: 2069 6620 4752 5542 2077 6173 2069 6e73 if GRUB was ins\n+00026dc0: 7461 6c6c 6564 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6669 talled to the fi\n+00026dd0: 7273 7420 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6f66 rst partition of\n+00026de0: 2074 6865 0a66 6972 7374 2068 6172 6420 the.first hard \n+00026df0: 6469 736b 2c20 7468 656e 20e2 8098 7072 disk, then ...pr\n+00026e00: 6566 6978 e280 9920 6d69 6768 7420 6265 efix... might be\n+00026e10: 2073 6574 2074 6f20 e280 9828 6864 302c set to ...(hd0,\n+00026e20: 6d73 646f 7331 292f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 msdos1)/boot/gru\n+00026e30: 62e2 8099 0a61 6e64 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 b....and ...root\n+00026e40: e280 9920 746f 20e2 8098 6864 302c 6d73 ... to ...hd0,ms\n+00026e50: 646f 7331 e280 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 dos1........File\n+00026e60: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+00026e70: 6465 3a20 7368 696d 5f6c 6f63 6b2c 2020 de: shim_lock, \n+00026e80: 4e65 7874 3a20 7375 7065 7275 7365 7273 Next: superusers\n+00026e90: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2072 6f6f 742c 2020 , Prev: root, \n+00026ea0: 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 Up: Special envi\n+00026eb0: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ronment variable\n+00026ec0: 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3434 2073 6869 6d5f s..15.1.44 shim_\n+00026ed0: 6c6f 636b 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d lock.-----------\n+00026ee0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4966 2074 6869 7320 ------..If this \n+00026ef0: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2069 7320 7365 7420 variable is set \n+00026f00: 746f 20e2 8098 79e2 8099 2c20 6974 206d to ...y..., it m\n+00026f10: 6561 6e73 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 7368 eans that the sh\n+00026f20: 696d 5f6c 6f63 6b20 7665 7269 6669 6572 im_lock verifier\n+00026f30: 2069 730a 7265 6769 7374 6572 6564 2028 is.registered (\n+00026f40: 7365 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 5545 4649 2073 see *note UEFI s\n+00026f50: 6563 7572 6520 626f 6f74 2061 6e64 2073 ecure boot and s\n+00026f60: 6869 6d3a 3a29 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a him::).....File:\n+00026f70: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+00026f80: 653a 2073 7570 6572 7573 6572 732c 2020 e: superusers, \n+00026f90: 4e65 7874 3a20 7468 656d 652c 2020 5072 Next: theme, Pr\n+00026fa0: 6576 3a20 7368 696d 5f6c 6f63 6b2c 2020 ev: shim_lock, \n+00026fb0: 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 Up: Special envi\n+00026fc0: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ronment variable\n+00026fd0: 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3435 2073 7570 6572 s..15.1.45 super\n+00026fe0: 7573 6572 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d users.----------\n+00026ff0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6973 2076 --------..This v\n+00027000: 6172 6961 626c 6520 6d61 7920 6265 2073 ariable may be s\n+00027010: 6574 2074 6f20 6120 6c69 7374 206f 6620 et to a list of \n+00027020: 7375 7065 7275 7365 7220 6e61 6d65 7320 superuser names \n+00027030: 746f 2065 6e61 626c 650a 6175 7468 656e to enable.authen\n+00027040: 7469 6361 7469 6f6e 2073 7570 706f 7274 tication support\n+00027050: 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 2053 6563 7572 6974 . *Note Securit\n+00027060: 793a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 y::.....File: gr\n+00027070: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+00027080: 7468 656d 652c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7469 theme, Next: ti\n+00027090: 6d65 6f75 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7375 meout, Prev: su\n+000270a0: 7065 7275 7365 7273 2c20 2055 703a 2053 perusers, Up: S\n+000270b0: 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 pecial environme\n+000270c0: 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 nt variables..15\n+000270d0: 2e31 2e34 3620 7468 656d 650a 2d2d 2d2d .1.46 theme.----\n+000270e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6869 7320 ---------..This \n+000270f0: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 206d 6179 2062 6520 variable may be \n+00027100: 7365 7420 746f 2061 2064 6972 6563 746f set to a directo\n+00027110: 7279 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 696e 6720 6120 ry containing a \n+00027120: 4752 5542 2067 7261 7068 6963 616c 206d GRUB graphical m\n+00027130: 656e 750a 7468 656d 652e 2020 2a4e 6f74 enu.theme. *Not\n+00027140: 6520 5468 656d 6520 6669 6c65 2066 6f72 e Theme file for\n+00027150: 6d61 743a 3a2e 0a0a 2020 2054 6869 7320 mat::... This \n+00027160: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2069 7320 6f66 7465 variable is ofte\n+00027170: 6e20 7365 7420 6279 20e2 8098 4752 5542 n set by ...GRUB\n+00027180: 5f54 4845 4d45 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 _THEME... (*note\n+00027190: 2053 696d 706c 650a 636f 6e66 6967 7572 Simple.configur\n+000271a0: 6174 696f 6e3a 3a29 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c ation::).....Fil\n+000271b0: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+000271c0: 6f64 653a 2074 696d 656f 7574 2c20 204e ode: timeout, N\n+000271d0: 6578 743a 2074 696d 656f 7574 5f73 7479 ext: timeout_sty\n+000271e0: 6c65 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2074 6865 6d65 le, Prev: theme\n+000271f0: 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 , Up: Special e\n+00027200: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n+00027210: 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e34 3720 7469 bles..15.1.47 ti\n+00027220: 6d65 6f75 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d meout.----------\n+00027230: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a49 6620 7468 6973 2076 -----..If this v\n+00027240: 6172 6961 626c 6520 6973 2073 6574 2c20 ariable is set, \n+00027250: 6974 2073 7065 6369 6669 6573 2074 6865 it specifies the\n+00027260: 2074 696d 6520 696e 2073 6563 6f6e 6473 time in seconds\n+00027270: 2074 6f20 7761 6974 2066 6f72 0a6b 6579 to wait for.key\n+00027280: 626f 6172 6420 696e 7075 7420 6265 666f board input befo\n+00027290: 7265 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2074 6865 2064 re booting the d\n+000272a0: 6566 6175 6c74 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 efault menu entr\n+000272b0: 792e 2020 4120 7469 6d65 6f75 7420 6f66 y. A timeout of\n+000272c0: 20e2 8098 30e2 8099 0a6d 6561 6e73 2074 ...0....means t\n+000272d0: 6f20 626f 6f74 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 o boot the defau\n+000272e0: 6c74 2065 6e74 7279 2069 6d6d 6564 6961 lt entry immedia\n+000272f0: 7465 6c79 2077 6974 686f 7574 2064 6973 tely without dis\n+00027300: 706c 6179 696e 6720 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 playing the menu\n+00027310: 3b0a 6120 7469 6d65 6f75 7420 6f66 20e2 ;.a timeout of .\n+00027320: 8098 2d31 e280 9920 286f 7220 756e 7365 ..-1... (or unse\n+00027330: 7429 206d 6561 6e73 2074 6f20 7761 6974 t) means to wait\n+00027340: 2069 6e64 6566 696e 6974 656c 792e 0a0a indefinitely...\n+00027350: 2020 2049 6620 e280 9874 696d 656f 7574 If ...timeout\n+00027360: 5f73 7479 6c65 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 _style... (*note\n+00027370: 2074 696d 656f 7574 5f73 7479 6c65 3a3a timeout_style::\n+00027380: 2920 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f20 e280 9863 ) is set to ...c\n+00027390: 6f75 6e74 646f 776e e280 9920 6f72 0ae2 ountdown... or..\n+000273a0: 8098 6869 6464 656e e280 992c 2074 6865 ..hidden..., the\n+000273b0: 2074 696d 656f 7574 2069 7320 696e 7374 timeout is inst\n+000273c0: 6561 6420 636f 756e 7465 6420 6265 666f ead counted befo\n+000273d0: 7265 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 6973 2064 re the menu is d\n+000273e0: 6973 706c 6179 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 isplayed... Th\n+000273f0: 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6973 206f is variable is o\n+00027400: 6674 656e 2073 6574 2062 7920 e280 9847 ften set by ...G\n+00027410: 5255 425f 5449 4d45 4f55 54e2 8099 2028 RUB_TIMEOUT... (\n+00027420: 2a6e 6f74 6520 5369 6d70 6c65 0a63 6f6e *note Simple.con\n+00027430: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a 292e 0a0a figuration::)...\n+00027440: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+00027450: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7469 6d65 6f75 o, Node: timeou\n+00027460: 745f 7374 796c 652c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 t_style, Next: \n+00027470: 7470 6d5f 6661 696c 5f66 6174 616c 2c20 tpm_fail_fatal, \n+00027480: 2050 7265 763a 2074 696d 656f 7574 2c20 Prev: timeout, \n+00027490: 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 Up: Special env\n+000274a0: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c ironment variabl\n+000274b0: 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e34 3820 7469 6d65 es..15.1.48 time\n+000274c0: 6f75 745f 7374 796c 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d out_style.------\n+000274d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n+000274e0: 0a54 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 206d .This variable m\n+000274f0: 6179 2062 6520 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 ay be set to ...\n+00027500: 6d65 6e75 e280 992c 20e2 8098 636f 756e menu..., ...coun\n+00027510: 7464 6f77 6ee2 8099 2c20 6f72 20e2 8098 tdown..., or ...\n+00027520: 6869 6464 656e e280 9920 746f 2063 6f6e hidden... to con\n+00027530: 7472 6f6c 0a74 6865 2077 6179 2069 6e20 trol.the way in \n+00027540: 7768 6963 6820 7468 6520 7469 6d65 6f75 which the timeou\n+00027550: 7420 282a 6e6f 7465 2074 696d 656f 7574 t (*note timeout\n+00027560: 3a3a 2920 696e 7465 7261 6374 7320 7769 ::) interacts wi\n+00027570: 7468 2064 6973 706c 6179 696e 670a 7468 th displaying.th\n+00027580: 6520 6d65 6e75 2e20 2053 6565 2074 6865 e menu. See the\n+00027590: 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 206f documentation o\n+000275a0: 6620 e280 9847 5255 425f 5449 4d45 4f55 f ...GRUB_TIMEOU\n+000275b0: 545f 5354 594c 45e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 T_STYLE... (*not\n+000275c0: 6520 5369 6d70 6c65 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 e Simple.configu\n+000275d0: 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a 2920 666f 7220 6465 ration::) for de\n+000275e0: 7461 696c 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 tails.....File: \n+000275f0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+00027600: 3a20 7470 6d5f 6661 696c 5f66 6174 616c : tpm_fail_fatal\n+00027610: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2074 696d 656f 7574 , Prev: timeout\n+00027620: 5f73 7479 6c65 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 _style, Up: Spe\n+00027630: 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 cial environment\n+00027640: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 variables..15.1\n+00027650: 2e34 3920 7470 6d5f 6661 696c 5f66 6174 .49 tpm_fail_fat\n+00027660: 616c 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d al.-------------\n+00027670: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a49 6620 7468 ---------..If th\n+00027680: 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6973 2073 is variable is s\n+00027690: 6574 2061 6e64 2074 7275 6520 2869 2e65 et and true (i.e\n+000276a0: 2e2c 206e 6f74 2073 6574 2074 6f20 2230 ., not set to \"0\n+000276b0: 222c 2022 6661 6c73 6522 2c0a 2264 6973 \", \"false\",.\"dis\n+000276c0: 6162 6c65 222c 206f 7220 226e 6f22 292c able\", or \"no\"),\n+000276d0: 2054 504d 206d 6561 7375 7265 6d65 6e74 TPM measurement\n+000276e0: 7320 7468 6174 2066 6169 6c20 7769 6c6c s that fail will\n+000276f0: 2062 6520 7472 6561 7465 6420 6173 0a66 be treated as.f\n+00027700: 6174 616c 2e20 204f 7468 6572 7769 7365 atal. Otherwise\n+00027710: 2c20 7468 6579 2077 696c 6c20 6d65 7265 , they will mere\n+00027720: 6c79 2062 6520 6465 6275 672d 6c6f 6767 ly be debug-logg\n+00027730: 6564 2061 6e64 2062 6f6f 7420 7769 6c6c ed and boot will\n+00027740: 0a63 6f6e 7469 6e75 652e 0a0a 2020 2043 .continue... C\n+00027750: 616c 6c20 746f 2045 4649 2066 6972 6d77 all to EFI firmw\n+00027760: 6172 652c 206c 696b 6520 6861 7368 5f6c are, like hash_l\n+00027770: 6f67 5f65 7874 656e 645f 6576 656e 7428 og_extend_event(\n+00027780: 292c 2063 616e 2072 6574 7572 6e20 616e ), can return an\n+00027790: 0a75 6e6b 6e6f 776e 2065 7272 6f72 2c20 .unknown error, \n+000277a0: 692e 652e 2020 6475 6520 746f 2062 7567 i.e. due to bug\n+000277b0: 2070 7265 7365 6e74 2069 6e20 6669 726d present in firm\n+000277c0: 7761 7265 2e20 2057 6865 6e20 7468 6973 ware. When this\n+000277d0: 2076 6172 6961 626c 650a 6973 2073 6574 variable.is set\n+000277e0: 2061 6e64 2074 7275 6520 2873 616d 6520 and true (same \n+000277f0: 7661 6c75 6573 2061 7320 7769 7468 2054 values as with T\n+00027800: 504d 206d 6561 7375 7265 6d65 6e74 7329 PM measurements)\n+00027810: 2074 6869 7320 7369 7475 6174 696f 6e0a this situation.\n+00027820: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 636f 6e73 6964 6572 will be consider\n+00027830: 6564 2074 6f20 6265 2066 6174 616c 2061 ed to be fatal a\n+00027840: 6e64 2065 7272 6f72 2d6c 6f67 6765 6420 nd error-logged \n+00027850: 6173 2022 756e 6b6e 6f77 6e20 5450 4d20 as \"unknown TPM \n+00027860: 6572 726f 7222 2e0a 4966 206e 6f74 2073 error\"..If not s\n+00027870: 6574 2c20 626f 6f74 696e 6720 7468 6520 et, booting the \n+00027880: 4f53 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2065 6e61 626c OS will be enabl\n+00027890: 6564 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ed.....File: gru\n+000278a0: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2045 b.info, Node: E\n+000278b0: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b nvironment block\n+000278c0: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2053 7065 6369 616c , Prev: Special\n+000278d0: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n+000278e0: 6961 626c 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2045 6e76 iables, Up: Env\n+000278f0: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 0a0a 3135 2e32 2054 ironment..15.2 T\n+00027900: 6865 2047 5255 4220 656e 7669 726f 6e6d he GRUB environm\n+00027910: 656e 7420 626c 6f63 6b0a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ent block.======\n+00027920: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00027930: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a49 7420 6973 =========..It is\n+00027940: 206f 6674 656e 2075 7365 6675 6c20 746f often useful to\n+00027950: 2062 6520 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 7265 6d65 be able to reme\n+00027960: 6d62 6572 2061 2073 6d61 6c6c 2061 6d6f mber a small amo\n+00027970: 756e 7420 6f66 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 unt of informati\n+00027980: 6f6e 0a66 726f 6d20 6f6e 6520 626f 6f74 on.from one boot\n+00027990: 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6e65 7874 2e20 2046 to the next. F\n+000279a0: 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 796f 7520 or example, you \n+000279b0: 6d69 6768 7420 7761 6e74 2074 6f20 7365 might want to se\n+000279c0: 7420 7468 650a 6465 6661 756c 7420 6d65 t the.default me\n+000279d0: 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 2062 6173 6564 206f nu entry based o\n+000279e0: 6e20 7768 6174 2077 6173 2073 656c 6563 n what was selec\n+000279f0: 7465 6420 7468 6520 6c61 7374 2074 696d ted the last tim\n+00027a00: 652e 2020 4752 5542 0a64 656c 6962 6572 e. GRUB.deliber\n+00027a10: 6174 656c 7920 646f 6573 206e 6f74 2069 ately does not i\n+00027a20: 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 2073 7570 706f 7274 mplement support\n+00027a30: 2066 6f72 2077 7269 7469 6e67 2066 696c for writing fil\n+00027a40: 6573 2069 6e20 6f72 6465 7220 746f 0a6d es in order to.m\n+00027a50: 696e 696d 6973 6520 7468 6520 706f 7373 inimise the poss\n+00027a60: 6962 696c 6974 7920 6f66 2074 6865 2062 ibility of the b\n+00027a70: 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2062 6569 6e67 oot loader being\n+00027a80: 2072 6573 706f 6e73 6962 6c65 2066 6f72 responsible for\n+00027a90: 2066 696c 650a 7379 7374 656d 2063 6f72 file.system cor\n+00027aa0: 7275 7074 696f 6e2c 2073 6f20 6120 4752 ruption, so a GR\n+00027ab0: 5542 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e UB configuration\n+00027ac0: 2066 696c 6520 6361 6e6e 6f74 206a 7573 file cannot jus\n+00027ad0: 7420 6372 6561 7465 2061 0a66 696c 6520 t create a.file \n+00027ae0: 696e 2074 6865 206f 7264 696e 6172 7920 in the ordinary \n+00027af0: 7761 792e 2020 486f 7765 7665 722c 2047 way. 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(although yo\n+00027bd0: 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 206e 6f74 2061 7373 u should not ass\n+00027be0: 756d 650a 7468 6973 292e 2020 4174 2062 ume.this). At b\n+00027bf0: 6f6f 7420 7469 6d65 2c20 7468 6520 e280 oot time, the ..\n+00027c00: 986c 6f61 645f 656e 76e2 8099 2063 6f6d .load_env... com\n+00027c10: 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6c6f 6164 mand (*note load\n+00027c20: 5f65 6e76 3a3a 2920 6c6f 6164 730a 656e _env::) loads.en\n+00027c30: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 vironment variab\n+00027c40: 6c65 7320 6672 6f6d 2069 742c 2061 6e64 les from it, and\n+00027c50: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 7361 7665 5f65 6e76 the ...save_env\n+00027c60: e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2073 6176 655f ... (*note save_\n+00027c70: 656e 763a 3a29 0a63 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2073 env::).command s\n+00027c80: 6176 6573 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 aves environment\n+00027c90: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2074 6f20 6974 variables to it\n+00027ca0: 2e20 2046 726f 6d20 6120 7275 6e6e 696e . From a runnin\n+00027cb0: 6720 7379 7374 656d 2c20 7468 650a e280 g system, the...\n+00027cc0: 9867 7275 622d 6564 6974 656e 76e2 8099 .grub-editenv...\n+00027cd0: 2075 7469 6c69 7479 2063 616e 2062 6520 utility can be \n+00027ce0: 7573 6564 2074 6f20 6564 6974 2074 6865 used to edit the\n+00027cf0: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f environment blo\n+00027d00: 636b 2e0a 0a20 2020 466f 7220 7361 6665 ck... 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The foll\n+00028090: 6f77 696e 6720 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 owing variables \n+000280a0: 6172 6520 706c 6163 6564 2075 6e64 6572 are placed under\n+000280b0: 2074 6865 2076 656e 646f 7220 5555 4944 the vendor UUID\n+000280c0: 0ae2 8098 3461 3637 6230 3832 2d30 6134 ....4a67b082-0a4\n+000280d0: 632d 3431 6366 2d62 3663 372d 3434 3062 c-41cf-b6c7-440b\n+000280e0: 3239 6262 3863 3466 e280 9920 7768 656e 29bb8c4f... when\n+000280f0: 2074 6865 206d 6f64 756c 6520 6973 206c the module is l\n+00028100: 6f61 6465 643a 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 2047 oaded:.. The G\n+00028110: 5054 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2055 5549 PT partition UUI\n+00028120: 4420 6f66 2074 6865 2045 4649 2053 7973 D of the EFI Sys\n+00028130: 7465 6d20 5061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7573 tem Partition us\n+00028140: 6564 2064 7572 696e 6720 626f 6f74 0a69 ed during boot.i\n+00028150: 7320 7075 626c 6973 6865 6420 7669 6120 s published via \n+00028160: 7468 6520 e280 984c 6f61 6465 7244 6576 the ...LoaderDev\n+00028170: 6963 6550 6172 7455 5549 44e2 8099 2076 icePartUUID... v\n+00028180: 6172 6961 626c 652e 2020 5468 6520 426f ariable. The Bo\n+00028190: 6f74 204c 6f61 6465 720a 496e 7465 7266 ot Loader.Interf\n+000281a0: 6163 6520 7370 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f ace specificatio\n+000281b0: 6e20 7265 7175 6972 6573 2047 5054 2066 n requires GPT f\n+000281c0: 6f72 6d61 7474 6564 2064 7269 7665 732e ormatted drives.\n+000281d0: 2020 5468 6520 626c 6920 6d6f 6475 6c65 The bli module\n+000281e0: 0a69 676e 6f72 6573 2064 7269 7665 732f .ignores drives/\n+000281f0: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e73 2069 6e20 616e partitions in an\n+00028200: 7920 6f74 6865 7220 666f 726d 6174 2e20 y other format. \n+00028210: 2049 6620 4752 5542 2069 7320 6c6f 6164 If GRUB is load\n+00028220: 6564 2066 726f 6d20 610a 6e6f 6e2d 4750 ed from a.non-GP\n+00028230: 5420 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e2c 2065 2e67 T partition, e.g\n+00028240: 2e20 2066 726f 6d20 616e 204d 5344 4f53 . from an MSDOS\n+00028250: 2066 6f72 6d61 7474 6564 2064 7269 7665 formatted drive\n+00028260: 206f 7220 6e65 7477 6f72 6b2c 2074 6869 or network, thi\n+00028270: 730a 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2077 696c 6c20 s.variable will \n+00028280: 6e6f 7420 6265 2073 6574 2e0a 0a20 2020 not be set... \n+00028290: 4120 7374 7269 6e67 2069 6465 6e74 6966 A string identif\n+000282a0: 7969 6e67 2047 5255 4220 6173 2074 6865 ying GRUB as the\n+000282b0: 2061 6374 6976 6520 626f 6f74 6c6f 6164 active bootload\n+000282c0: 6572 2069 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 2074 6865 er including the\n+000282d0: 0a76 6572 7369 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 7220 .version number \n+000282e0: 6973 2073 746f 7265 6420 696e 20e2 8098 is stored in ...\n+000282f0: 4c6f 6164 6572 496e 666f e280 992e 0a0a LoaderInfo......\n+00028300: 2020 2054 6869 7320 6d6f 6475 6c65 2069 This module i\n+00028310: 7320 6f6e 6c79 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 s only available\n+00028320: 206f 6e20 5545 4649 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 on UEFI platfor\n+00028330: 6d73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ms.....File: gru\n+00028340: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2043 b.info, Node: C\n+00028350: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 ommands, Next: \n+00028360: 496e 7465 726e 6174 696f 6e61 6c69 7361 Internationalisa\n+00028370: 7469 6f6e 2c20 2050 7265 763a 204d 6f64 tion, Prev: Mod\n+00028380: 756c 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a ules, Up: Top..\n+00028390: 3137 2041 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2063 6f6d 17 Available com\n+000283a0: 6d61 6e64 730a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a mands.**********\n+000283b0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a49 6e20 ***********..In \n+000283c0: 7468 6973 2063 6861 7074 6572 2c20 7765 this chapter, we\n+000283d0: 206c 6973 7420 616c 6c20 636f 6d6d 616e list all comman\n+000283e0: 6473 2074 6861 7420 6172 6520 6176 6169 ds that are avai\n+000283f0: 6c61 626c 6520 696e 2047 5255 422e 0a0a lable in GRUB...\n+00028400: 2020 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 6265 6c6f Commands belo\n+00028410: 6e67 2074 6f20 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 ng to different \n+00028420: 6772 6f75 7073 2e20 2041 2066 6577 2063 groups. A few c\n+00028430: 616e 206f 6e6c 7920 6265 2075 7365 6420 an only be used \n+00028440: 696e 2074 6865 0a67 6c6f 6261 6c20 7365 in the.global se\n+00028450: 6374 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f6e ction of the con\n+00028460: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 figuration file \n+00028470: 286f 7220 226d 656e 7522 293b 206d 6f73 (or \"menu\"); mos\n+00028480: 7420 6f66 2074 6865 6d20 6361 6e0a 6265 t of them can.be\n+00028490: 2065 6e74 6572 6564 206f 6e20 7468 6520 entered on the \n+000284a0: 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2061 6e64 command-line and\n+000284b0: 2063 616e 2062 6520 7573 6564 2065 6974 can be used eit\n+000284c0: 6865 7220 616e 7977 6865 7265 2069 6e20 her anywhere in \n+000284d0: 7468 650a 6d65 6e75 206f 7220 7370 6563 the.menu or spec\n+000284e0: 6966 6963 616c 6c79 2069 6e20 7468 6520 ifically in the \n+000284f0: 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 6573 2e0a 0a20 menu entries... \n+00028500: 2020 496e 2072 6573 6375 6520 6d6f 6465 In rescue mode\n+00028510: 2c20 6f6e 6c79 2074 6865 20e2 8098 696e , only the ...in\n+00028520: 736d 6f64 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2069 smod... (*note i\n+00028530: 6e73 6d6f 643a 3a29 2c20 e280 986c 73e2 nsmod::), ...ls.\n+00028540: 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 6c73 3a3a 292c .. (*note.ls::),\n+00028550: 20e2 8098 7365 74e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 ...set... (*not\n+00028560: 6520 7365 743a 3a29 2c20 616e 6420 e280 e set::), and ..\n+00028570: 9875 6e73 6574 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 .unset... (*note\n+00028580: 2075 6e73 6574 3a3a 2920 636f 6d6d 616e unset::) comman\n+00028590: 6473 2061 7265 0a6e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 ds are.normally \n+000285a0: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 652e 2020 4966 2079 available. If y\n+000285b0: 6f75 2065 6e64 2075 7020 696e 2072 6573 ou end up in res\n+000285c0: 6375 6520 6d6f 6465 2061 6e64 2064 6f20 cue mode and do \n+000285d0: 6e6f 7420 6b6e 6f77 2077 6861 740a 746f not know what.to\n+000285e0: 2064 6f2c 2074 6865 6e20 2a6e 6f74 6520 do, then *note \n+000285f0: 4752 5542 206f 6e6c 7920 6f66 6665 7273 GRUB only offers\n+00028600: 2061 2072 6573 6375 6520 7368 656c 6c3a a rescue shell:\n+00028610: 3a2e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 204d :...* Menu:..* M\n+00028620: 656e 752d 7370 6563 6966 6963 2063 6f6d enu-specific com\n+00028630: 6d61 6e64 733a 3a0a 2a20 4c6f 6164 6572 mands::.* Loader\n+00028640: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 733a 3a0a 2a20 4765 commands::.* Ge\n+00028650: 6e65 7261 6c20 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 3a3a neral commands::\n+00028660: 0a2a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 .* Command-line \n+00028670: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 3a3a 0a2a 204e 6574 commands::.* Net\n+00028680: 776f 726b 696e 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 working commands\n+00028690: 3a3a 0a2a 2055 6e64 6f63 756d 656e 7465 ::.* Undocumente\n+000286a0: 6420 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 3a3a 0a0a 1f0a d commands::....\n+000286b0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+000286c0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d65 6e75 2d73 7065 Node: Menu-spe\n+000286d0: 6369 6669 6320 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 cific commands, \n+000286e0: 204e 6578 743a 204c 6f61 6465 7220 636f Next: Loader co\n+000286f0: 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d mmands, Up: Com\n+00028700: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 3120 436f 6d6d mands..17.1 Comm\n+00028710: 616e 6473 2066 6f72 2074 6865 206d 656e ands for the men\n+00028720: 7520 6f6e 6c79 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d u only.=========\n 00028730: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00028740: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a ==============..\n-00028750: 5468 6520 7365 6d61 6e74 6963 7320 7573 The semantics us\n-00028760: 6564 2069 6e20 7061 7273 696e 6720 7468 ed in parsing th\n-00028770: 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 e configuration \n-00028780: 6669 6c65 2061 7265 2074 6865 2066 6f6c file are the fol\n-00028790: 6c6f 7769 6e67 3a0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 lowing:.. ... \n-000287a0: 5468 6520 6669 6c65 7320 5f6d 7573 745f The files _must_\n-000287b0: 2062 6520 696e 2070 6c61 696e 2d74 6578 be in plain-tex\n-000287c0: 7420 666f 726d 6174 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 t format... ..\n-000287d0: a220 e280 9823 e280 9920 6174 2074 6865 . ...#... at the\n-000287e0: 2062 6567 696e 6e69 6e67 206f 6620 6120 beginning of a \n-000287f0: 6c69 6e65 2069 6e20 6120 636f 6e66 6967 line in a config\n-00028800: 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 206d 6561 uration file mea\n-00028810: 6e73 2069 7420 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6f6e ns it is. on\n-00028820: 6c79 2061 2063 6f6d 6d65 6e74 2e0a 0a20 ly a comment... \n-00028830: 2020 e280 a220 4f70 7469 6f6e 7320 6172 ... Options ar\n-00028840: 6520 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 2073 e separated by s\n-00028850: 7061 6365 732e 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2041 paces... ... A\n-00028860: 6c6c 206e 756d 6265 7273 2063 616e 2062 ll numbers can b\n-00028870: 6520 6569 7468 6572 2064 6563 696d 616c e either decimal\n-00028880: 206f 7220 6865 7861 6465 6369 6d61 6c2e or hexadecimal.\n-00028890: 2020 4120 6865 7861 6465 6369 6d61 6c0a A hexadecimal.\n-000288a0: 2020 2020 206e 756d 6265 7220 6d75 7374 number must\n-000288b0: 2062 6520 7072 6563 6564 6564 2062 7920 be preceded by \n-000288c0: e280 9830 78e2 8099 2c20 616e 6420 6973 ...0x..., and is\n-000288d0: 2063 6173 652d 696e 7365 6e73 6974 6976 case-insensitiv\n-000288e0: 652e 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 7365 2063 6f6d e... These com\n-000288f0: 6d61 6e64 7320 6361 6e20 6f6e 6c79 2062 mands can only b\n-00028900: 6520 7573 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6d65 e used in the me\n-00028910: 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 204d 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 nu:..* Menu:..* \n-00028920: 6d65 6e75 656e 7472 793a 3a20 2020 2020 menuentry:: \n-00028930: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5374 St\n-00028940: 6172 7420 6120 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 art a menu entry\n-00028950: 0a2a 2073 7562 6d65 6e75 3a3a 2020 2020 .* submenu:: \n-00028960: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00028970: 2047 726f 7570 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 Group menu entr\n-00028980: 6965 730a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ies....File: gru\n-00028990: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206d b.info, Node: m\n-000289a0: 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2c20 204e 6578 743a enuentry, Next:\n-000289b0: 2073 7562 6d65 6e75 2c20 2055 703a 204d submenu, Up: M\n-000289c0: 656e 752d 7370 6563 6966 6963 2063 6f6d enu-specific com\n-000289d0: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 312e 3120 6d65 mands..17.1.1 me\n-000289e0: 6e75 656e 7472 790a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d nuentry.--------\n-000289f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f --------.. -- Co\n-00028a00: 6d6d 616e 643a 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 mmand: menuentry\n-00028a10: 2054 4954 4c45 205b 2d2d 636c 6173 733d TITLE [--class=\n-00028a20: 636c 6173 7320 2e2e 2e5d 205b 2d2d 7573 class ...] [--us\n-00028a30: 6572 733d 7573 6572 735d 0a20 2020 2020 ers=users]. \n-00028a40: 2020 2020 205b 2d2d 756e 7265 7374 7269 [--unrestri\n-00028a50: 6374 6564 5d20 5b2d 2d68 6f74 6b65 793d cted] [--hotkey=\n-00028a60: 6b65 795d 205b 2d2d 6964 3d69 645d 205b key] [--id=id] [\n-00028a70: 4152 4720 2e2e 2e5d 207b 2043 4f4d 4d41 ARG ...] { COMMA\n-00028a80: 4e44 3b0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2e2e ND;. ..\n-00028a90: 2e20 7d0a 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 6465 . }. This de\n-00028aa0: 6669 6e65 7320 6120 4752 5542 206d 656e fines a GRUB men\n-00028ab0: 7520 656e 7472 7920 6e61 6d65 6420 5449 u entry named TI\n-00028ac0: 544c 452e 2020 5768 656e 2074 6869 7320 TLE. 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ID is string \n+00028eb0: 6f66 2041 5343 4949 2061 7068 616e 756d of ASCII aphanum\n+00028ec0: 6572 6963 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 732c eric characters,\n+00028ed0: 2075 6e64 6572 7363 6f72 650a 2020 2020 underscore. \n+00028ee0: 2061 6e64 2068 7970 6865 6e20 616e 6420 and hyphen and \n+00028ef0: 7368 6f75 6c64 206e 6f74 2073 7461 7274 should not start\n+00028f00: 2077 6974 6820 6120 6469 6769 742e 0a0a with a digit...\n+00028f10: 2020 2020 2041 6c6c 206f 7468 6572 2061 All other a\n+00028f20: 7267 756d 656e 7473 2069 6e63 6c75 6469 rguments includi\n+00028f30: 6e67 2054 4954 4c45 2061 7265 2070 6173 ng TITLE are pas\n+00028f40: 7365 6420 6173 2070 6f73 6974 696f 6e61 sed as positiona\n+00028f50: 6c0a 2020 2020 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 l. parameter\n+00028f60: 7320 7768 656e 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2063 s when list of c\n+00028f70: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 6973 2065 7865 6375 ommands is execu\n+00028f80: 7465 6420 7769 7468 2054 4954 4c45 2061 ted with TITLE a\n+00028f90: 6c77 6179 730a 2020 2020 2061 7373 6967 lways. assig\n+00028fa0: 6e65 6420 746f 20e2 8098 2431 e280 992e ned to ...$1....\n+00028fb0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+00028fc0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7375 626d nfo, Node: subm\n+00028fd0: 656e 752c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6d65 6e75 enu, Prev: menu\n+00028fe0: 656e 7472 792c 2020 5570 3a20 4d65 6e75 entry, Up: Menu\n+00028ff0: 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 636f 6d6d 616e -specific comman\n+00029000: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e31 2e32 2073 7562 6d65 ds..17.1.2 subme\n+00029010: 6e75 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d nu.-------------\n+00029020: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n+00029030: 7375 626d 656e 7520 5449 544c 4520 5b2d submenu TITLE [-\n+00029040: 2d63 6c61 7373 3d63 6c61 7373 202e 2e2e -class=class ...\n+00029050: 5d20 5b2d 2d75 7365 7273 3d75 7365 7273 ] [--users=users\n+00029060: 5d0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5b2d 2d75 ]. [--u\n+00029070: 6e72 6573 7472 6963 7465 645d 205b 2d2d nrestricted] [--\n+00029080: 686f 746b 6579 3d6b 6579 5d20 5b2d 2d69 hotkey=key] [--i\n+00029090: 643d 6964 5d20 7b20 4d45 4e55 2045 4e54 d=id] { MENU ENT\n+000290a0: 5249 4553 202e 2e2e 207d 0a20 2020 2020 RIES ... }. \n+000290b0: 5468 6973 2064 6566 696e 6573 2061 2073 This defines a s\n+000290c0: 7562 6d65 6e75 2e20 2041 6e20 656e 7472 ubmenu. An entr\n+000290d0: 7920 6361 6c6c 6564 2054 4954 4c45 2077 y called TITLE w\n+000290e0: 696c 6c20 6265 2061 6464 6564 2074 6f20 ill be added to \n+000290f0: 7468 650a 2020 2020 206d 656e 753b 2077 the. menu; w\n+00029100: 6865 6e20 7468 6174 2065 6e74 7279 2069 hen that entry i\n+00029110: 7320 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2c20 6120 6e65 s selected, a ne\n+00029120: 7720 6d65 6e75 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2064 w menu will be d\n+00029130: 6973 706c 6179 6564 0a20 2020 2020 7368 isplayed. sh\n+00029140: 6f77 696e 6720 616c 6c20 7468 6520 656e owing all the en\n+00029150: 7472 6965 7320 7769 7468 696e 2074 6869 tries within thi\n+00029160: 7320 7375 626d 656e 752e 0a0a 2020 2020 s submenu... \n+00029170: 2041 6c6c 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 7265 All options are\n+00029180: 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6173 2069 6e20 the same as in \n+00029190: 7468 6520 e280 986d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 the ...menuentry\n+000291a0: e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 282a 6e6f ... command (*no\n+000291b0: 7465 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 656e 7472 te. menuentr\n+000291c0: 793a 3a29 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 y::).....File: g\n+000291d0: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+000291e0: 204c 6f61 6465 7220 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 Loader commands\n+000291f0: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2047 656e 6572 616c , Next: General\n+00029200: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c 2020 5072 6576 commands, Prev\n+00029210: 3a20 4d65 6e75 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 : Menu-specific \n+00029220: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 2055 703a 2043 commands, Up: C\n+00029230: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 3220 5661 ommands..17.2 Va\n+00029240: 7269 6f75 7320 6c6f 6164 6572 2063 6f6d rious loader com\n+00029250: 6d61 6e64 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d mands.==========\n 00029260: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00029270: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6573 ==========..Thes\n-00029280: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2061 7265 2075 e commands are u\n-00029290: 7365 6420 746f 206c 6f61 6420 6e65 6365 sed to load nece\n-000292a0: 7373 6172 7920 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 7473 ssary components\n-000292b0: 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 2064 6573 6972 6564 to boot desired\n-000292c0: 204f 532e 0a4d 616e 7920 6f66 2074 6865 OS..Many of the\n-000292d0: 206c 6f61 6465 7220 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 loader commands\n-000292e0: 2061 7265 206e 6f74 2073 7566 6669 6369 are not suffici\n-000292f0: 656e 746c 7920 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6564 ently documented\n-00029300: 2e20 2054 6865 0a66 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 . The.following\n-00029310: 2069 7320 6120 6c69 7374 206f 6620 636f is a list of co\n-00029320: 6d6d 616e 6473 2074 6861 7420 636f 756c mmands that coul\n-00029330: 6420 7573 6520 6d6f 7265 2064 6f63 756d d use more docum\n-00029340: 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 3a0a 0a20 2020 e280 entation:.. ..\n-00029350: a220 e280 9861 7070 6c65 6c6f 6164 6572 . ...appleloader\n-00029360: e280 9920 2d20 426f 6f74 2042 494f 532d ... - Boot BIOS-\n-00029370: 6261 7365 6420 7379 7374 656d 2e0a 2020 based system.. \n-00029380: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6672 6565 646f 73e2 ... ...freedos.\n-00029390: 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 4672 6565 444f .. - Load FreeDO\n-000293a0: 5320 6b65 726e 656c 2e73 7973 2e0a 2020 S kernel.sys.. \n-000293b0: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6b66 7265 6562 7364 ... ...kfreebsd\n-000293c0: 5f6c 6f61 6465 6e76 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f _loadenv... - Lo\n-000293d0: 6164 2046 7265 6542 5344 2065 6e76 2e0a ad FreeBSD env..\n-000293e0: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6b66 7265 6562 ... ...kfreeb\n-000293f0: 7364 5f6d 6f64 756c 655f 656c 66e2 8099 sd_module_elf...\n-00029400: 202d 204c 6f61 6420 4672 6565 4253 4420 - Load FreeBSD \n-00029410: 6b65 726e 656c 206d 6f64 756c 6520 2845 kernel module (E\n-00029420: 4c46 292e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986b LF).. ... ...k\n-00029430: 6672 6565 6273 645f 6d6f 6475 6c65 e280 freebsd_module..\n-00029440: 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2046 7265 6542 5344 . - Load FreeBSD\n-00029450: 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6d6f 6475 6c65 2e0a kernel module..\n-00029460: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6b66 7265 6562 ... ...kfreeb\n-00029470: 7364 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 206b 6572 sd... - Load ker\n-00029480: 6e65 6c20 6f66 2046 7265 6542 5344 2e0a nel of FreeBSD..\n-00029490: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6b6e 6574 6273 ... ...knetbs\n-000294a0: 645f 6d6f 6475 6c65 5f65 6c66 e280 9920 d_module_elf... \n-000294b0: 2d20 4c6f 6164 204e 6574 4253 4420 6b65 - Load NetBSD ke\n-000294c0: 726e 656c 206d 6f64 756c 6520 2845 4c46 rnel module (ELF\n-000294d0: 292e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986b 6e65 ).. ... ...kne\n-000294e0: 7462 7364 5f6d 6f64 756c 65e2 8099 202d tbsd_module... -\n-000294f0: 204c 6f61 6420 4e65 7442 5344 206b 6572 Load NetBSD ker\n-00029500: 6e65 6c20 6d6f 6475 6c65 2e0a 2020 20e2 nel module.. .\n-00029510: 80a2 20e2 8098 6b6e 6574 6273 64e2 8099 .. ...knetbsd...\n-00029520: 202d 204c 6f61 6420 6b65 726e 656c 206f - Load kernel o\n-00029530: 6620 4e65 7442 5344 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 f NetBSD.. ...\n-00029540: 20e2 8098 6b6f 7065 6e62 7364 e280 9920 ...kopenbsd... \n-00029550: 2d20 4c6f 6164 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6f66 - Load kernel of\n-00029560: 204f 7065 6e42 5344 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 OpenBSD.. ...\n-00029570: 20e2 8098 6b6f 7065 6e62 7364 5f72 616d ...kopenbsd_ram\n-00029580: 6469 736b e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 206b disk... - Load k\n-00029590: 4f70 656e 4253 4420 7261 6d64 6973 6b2e OpenBSD ramdisk.\n-000295a0: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986c 6567 6163 . ... ...legac\n-000295b0: 795f 696e 6974 7264 5f6e 6f75 6e7a 6970 y_initrd_nounzip\n-000295c0: e280 9920 2d20 5369 6d75 6c61 7465 2067 ... - Simulate g\n-000295d0: 7275 622d 6c65 6761 6379 2027 6d6f 6475 rub-legacy 'modu\n-000295e0: 6c65 6e6f 756e 7a69 7027 0a20 2020 2020 lenounzip'. \n-000295f0: 636f 6d6d 616e 640a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 command. ... .\n-00029600: 8098 6c65 6761 6379 5f69 6e69 7472 64e2 ..legacy_initrd.\n-00029610: 8099 202d 2053 696d 756c 6174 6520 6772 .. - Simulate gr\n-00029620: 7562 2d6c 6567 6163 7920 2769 6e69 7472 ub-legacy 'initr\n-00029630: 6427 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 0a20 2020 e280 d' command. ..\n-00029640: a220 e280 986c 6567 6163 795f 6b65 726e . ...legacy_kern\n-00029650: 656c e280 9920 2d20 5369 6d75 6c61 7465 el... - Simulate\n-00029660: 2067 7275 622d 6c65 6761 6379 2027 6b65 grub-legacy 'ke\n-00029670: 726e 656c 2720 636f 6d6d 616e 640a 2020 rnel' command. \n-00029680: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6d6f 6475 6c65 32e2 ... ...module2.\n-00029690: 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 6120 6d75 6c74 .. - Load a mult\n-000296a0: 6962 6f6f 7420 3220 6d6f 6475 6c65 2e0a iboot 2 module..\n-000296b0: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6d6f 6475 6c65 ... ...module\n-000296c0: e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2061 206d 756c ... - Load a mul\n-000296d0: 7469 626f 6f74 206d 6f64 756c 652e 0a20 tiboot module.. \n-000296e0: 2020 e280 a220 e280 986d 756c 7469 626f ... ...multibo\n-000296f0: 6f74 32e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 6120 ot2... - Load a \n-00029700: 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 3220 6b65 726e multiboot 2 kern\n-00029710: 656c 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6d75 el.. ... ...mu\n-00029720: 6c74 6962 6f6f 74e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 ltiboot... - Loa\n-00029730: 6420 6120 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 6b65 d a multiboot ke\n-00029740: 726e 656c 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 rnel.. ... ...\n-00029750: 6e74 6c64 72e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 ntldr... - Load \n-00029760: 4e54 4c44 5220 6f72 2042 6f6f 744d 4752 NTLDR or BootMGR\n-00029770: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 706c 616e .. ... ...plan\n-00029780: 39e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 506c 616e 9... - Load Plan\n-00029790: 3920 6b65 726e 656c 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 9 kernel.. ...\n-000297a0: 20e2 8098 7078 6563 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 ...pxechainload\n-000297b0: 6572 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2061 2050 er... - Load a P\n-000297c0: 5845 2069 6d61 6765 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 XE image.. ...\n-000297d0: 20e2 8098 7472 7565 6372 7970 74e2 8099 ...truecrypt...\n-000297e0: 202d 204c 6f61 6420 5472 7565 6372 7970 - Load Truecryp\n-000297f0: 7420 4953 4f2e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 t ISO.. ... ..\n-00029800: 9878 6e75 5f6b 6572 6e65 6c36 34e2 8099 .xnu_kernel64...\n-00029810: 202d 204c 6f61 6420 3634 2d62 6974 2058 - Load 64-bit X\n-00029820: 4e55 2069 6d61 6765 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 NU image.. ...\n-00029830: 20e2 8098 786e 755f 6b65 726e 656c e280 ...xnu_kernel..\n-00029840: 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2058 4e55 2069 6d61 . - Load XNU ima\n-00029850: 6765 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 786e ge.. ... ...xn\n-00029860: 755f 6b65 7874 6469 72e2 8099 202d 204c u_kextdir... - L\n-00029870: 6f61 6420 584e 5520 6578 7465 6e73 696f oad XNU extensio\n-00029880: 6e20 6469 7265 6374 6f72 792e 0a20 2020 n directory.. \n-00029890: e280 a220 e280 9878 6e75 5f6b 6578 74e2 ... ...xnu_kext.\n-000298a0: 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 584e 5520 6578 .. - Load XNU ex\n-000298b0: 7465 6e73 696f 6e2e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 tension.. ... \n-000298c0: e280 9878 6e75 5f6d 6b65 7874 e280 9920 ...xnu_mkext... \n-000298d0: 2d20 4c6f 6164 2058 4e55 2065 7874 656e - Load XNU exten\n-000298e0: 7369 6f6e 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e0a 2020 sion package.. \n-000298f0: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 786e 755f 7261 6d64 ... ...xnu_ramd\n-00029900: 6973 6be2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 584e isk... - Load XN\n-00029910: 5520 7261 6d64 6973 6b2e 2020 4974 2077 U ramdisk. It w\n-00029920: 696c 6c20 6265 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 ill be available\n-00029930: 2069 6e20 4f53 2061 730a 2020 2020 206d in OS as. m\n-00029940: 6430 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 786e d0.. ... ...xn\n-00029950: 755f 7265 7375 6d65 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f u_resume... - Lo\n-00029960: 6164 2061 6e20 696d 6167 6520 6f66 2068 ad an image of h\n-00029970: 6962 6572 6e61 7465 6420 584e 552e 0a20 ibernated XNU.. \n-00029980: 2020 e280 a220 e280 9878 6e75 5f73 706c ... ...xnu_spl\n-00029990: 6173 68e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 6120 ash... - Load a \n-000299a0: 7370 6c61 7368 2069 6d61 6765 2066 6f72 splash image for\n-000299b0: 2058 4e55 2e0a 0a2a 204d 656e 753a 0a0a XNU...* Menu:..\n-000299c0: 2a20 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 723a 3a20 * chainloader:: \n-000299d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000299e0: 4368 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 2061 6e6f 7468 Chain-load anoth\n-000299f0: 6572 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 0a2a er boot loader.*\n-00029a00: 2069 6e69 7472 643a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 initrd:: \n-00029a10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c L\n-00029a20: 6f61 6420 6120 4c69 6e75 7820 696e 6974 oad a Linux init\n-00029a30: 7264 0a2a 2069 6e69 7472 6431 363a 3a20 rd.* initrd16:: \n-00029a40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00029a50: 2020 204c 6f61 6420 6120 4c69 6e75 7820 Load a Linux \n-00029a60: 696e 6974 7264 2028 3136 2d62 6974 206d initrd (16-bit m\n-00029a70: 6f64 6529 0a2a 206c 696e 7578 3a3a 2020 ode).* linux:: \n-00029a80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00029a90: 2020 2020 204c 6f61 6420 6120 4c69 6e75 Load a Linu\n-00029aa0: 7820 6b65 726e 656c 0a2a 206c 696e 7578 x kernel.* linux\n-00029ab0: 3136 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 16:: \n-00029ac0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c 6f61 6420 6120 Load a \n-00029ad0: 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 726e 656c 2028 3136 Linux kernel (16\n-00029ae0: 2d62 6974 206d 6f64 6529 0a2a 2078 656e -bit mode).* xen\n-00029af0: 5f68 7970 6572 7669 736f 723a 3a20 2020 _hypervisor:: \n-00029b00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c 6f61 6420 Load \n-00029b10: 7865 6e20 6879 7065 7276 6973 6f72 2062 xen hypervisor b\n-00029b20: 696e 6172 7920 286f 6e6c 7920 6f6e 2041 inary (only on A\n-00029b30: 4172 6368 3634 290a 2a20 7865 6e5f 6d6f Arch64).* xen_mo\n-00029b40: 6475 6c65 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 dule:: \n-00029b50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 2078 656e Load xen\n-00029b60: 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2066 6f72 2078 656e modules for xen\n-00029b70: 2068 7970 6572 7669 736f 7220 286f 6e6c hypervisor (onl\n-00029b80: 7920 6f6e 2041 4172 6368 3634 290a 0a1f y on AArch64)...\n-00029b90: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-00029ba0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2063 6861 696e 6c6f , Node: chainlo\n-00029bb0: 6164 6572 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2069 6e69 ader, Next: ini\n-00029bc0: 7472 642c 2020 5570 3a20 4c6f 6164 6572 trd, Up: Loader\n-00029bd0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 322e commands..17.2.\n-00029be0: 3120 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 720a 2d2d 1 chainloader.--\n-00029bf0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00029c00: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2063 .. -- Command: c\n-00029c10: 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 205b 2d2d 666f hainloader [--fo\n-00029c20: 7263 655d 2066 696c 6520 5b61 7267 732e rce] file [args.\n-00029c30: 2e2e 5d0a 2020 2020 204c 6f61 6420 4649 ..]. Load FI\n-00029c40: 4c45 2061 7320 6120 6368 6169 6e2d 6c6f LE as a chain-lo\n-00029c50: 6164 6572 2e20 204c 696b 6520 616e 7920 ader. Like any \n-00029c60: 6f74 6865 7220 6669 6c65 206c 6f61 6465 other file loade\n-00029c70: 6420 6279 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6669 d by the. fi\n-00029c80: 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2063 6f64 652c 2069 lesystem code, i\n-00029c90: 7420 6361 6e20 7573 6520 7468 6520 626c t can use the bl\n-00029ca0: 6f63 6b6c 6973 7420 6e6f 7461 7469 6f6e ocklist notation\n-00029cb0: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 426c 6f63 6b0a 2020 (*note Block. \n-00029cc0: 2020 206c 6973 7420 7379 6e74 6178 3a3a list syntax::\n-00029cd0: 2920 746f 2067 7261 6220 7468 6520 6669 ) to grab the fi\n-00029ce0: 7273 7420 7365 6374 6f72 206f 6620 7468 rst sector of th\n-00029cf0: 6520 6375 7272 656e 7420 7061 7274 6974 e current partit\n-00029d00: 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 2077 6974 6820 e280 ion. with ..\n-00029d10: 982b 31e2 8099 2e20 204f 6e20 4546 4920 .+1.... On EFI \n-00029d20: 706c 6174 666f 726d 732c 2061 6e79 2061 platforms, any a\n-00029d30: 7267 756d 656e 7473 2061 6674 6572 2046 rguments after F\n-00029d40: 494c 4520 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 7365 6e74 ILE will be sent\n-00029d50: 0a20 2020 2020 746f 2074 6865 206c 6f61 . to the loa\n-00029d60: 6465 6420 696d 6167 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 ded image... \n-00029d70: 2049 6620 796f 7520 7370 6563 6966 7920 If you specify \n-00029d80: 7468 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d2d the option ...--\n-00029d90: 666f 7263 65e2 8099 2c20 7468 656e 206c force..., then l\n-00029da0: 6f61 6420 4649 4c45 2066 6f72 6369 626c oad FILE forcibl\n-00029db0: 792c 0a20 2020 2020 7768 6574 6865 7220 y,. whether \n-00029dc0: 6974 2068 6173 2061 2063 6f72 7265 6374 it has a correct\n-00029dd0: 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 206f 7220 6e6f signature or no\n-00029de0: 742e 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 7265 7175 t. This is requ\n-00029df0: 6972 6564 2077 6865 6e0a 2020 2020 2079 ired when. y\n-00029e00: 6f75 2077 616e 7420 746f 206c 6f61 6420 ou want to load \n-00029e10: 6120 6465 6665 6374 6976 6520 626f 6f74 a defective boot\n-00029e20: 206c 6f61 6465 722c 2073 7563 6820 6173 loader, such as\n-00029e30: 2053 434f 2055 6e69 7857 6172 6520 372e SCO UnixWare 7.\n-00029e40: 312e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 1.....File: grub\n-00029e50: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 696e .info, Node: in\n-00029e60: 6974 7264 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2069 6e69 itrd, Next: ini\n-00029e70: 7472 6431 362c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6368 trd16, Prev: ch\n-00029e80: 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 722c 2020 5570 3a20 ainloader, Up: \n-00029e90: 4c6f 6164 6572 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a Loader commands.\n-00029ea0: 0a31 372e 322e 3220 696e 6974 7264 0a2d .17.2.2 initrd.-\n-00029eb0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n-00029ec0: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2069 6e69 7472 - Command: initr\n-00029ed0: 6420 6669 6c65 205b 6669 6c65 202e 2e2e d file [file ...\n-00029ee0: 5d0a 2020 2020 204c 6f61 642c 2069 6e20 ]. Load, in \n-00029ef0: 6f72 6465 722c 2061 6c6c 2069 6e69 7472 order, all initr\n-00029f00: 6473 2066 6f72 2061 204c 696e 7578 206b ds for a Linux k\n-00029f10: 6572 6e65 6c20 696d 6167 652c 2061 6e64 ernel image, and\n-00029f20: 2073 6574 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6170 set the. ap\n-00029f30: 7072 6f70 7269 6174 6520 7061 7261 6d65 propriate parame\n-00029f40: 7465 7273 2069 6e20 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 ters in the Linu\n-00029f50: 7820 7365 7475 7020 6172 6561 2069 6e20 x setup area in \n-00029f60: 6d65 6d6f 7279 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6d61 memory. This ma\n-00029f70: 790a 2020 2020 206f 6e6c 7920 6265 2075 y. only be u\n-00029f80: 7365 6420 6166 7465 7220 7468 6520 e280 sed after the ..\n-00029f90: 986c 696e 7578 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e .linux... comman\n-00029fa0: 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 206c 696e 7578 3a3a d (*note linux::\n-00029fb0: 2920 6861 7320 6265 656e 0a20 2020 2020 ) has been. \n-00029fc0: 7275 6e2e 2020 5365 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 run. See *note \n-00029fd0: 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 783a 3a20 666f 7220 GNU/Linux:: for \n-00029fe0: 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 6f20 6f6e 2062 6f6f more info on boo\n-00029ff0: 7469 6e67 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e 7578 2e0a ting GNU/Linux..\n-0002a000: 2020 2020 2046 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 696e For more in\n-0002a010: 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 6f6e 2069 6e69 formation on ini\n-0002a020: 7472 6473 2073 6565 2074 6865 2047 4e55 trds see the GNU\n-0002a030: 2f4c 696e 7578 206b 6572 6e65 6c0a 2020 /Linux kernel. \n-0002a040: 2020 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e documentation\n-0002a050: 0a20 2020 2020 2868 7474 7073 3a2f 2f64 . (https://d\n-0002a060: 6f63 732e 6b65 726e 656c 2e6f 7267 2f66 ocs.kernel.org/f\n-0002a070: 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d73 2f72 616d 6673 ilesystems/ramfs\n-0002a080: 2d72 6f6f 7466 732d 696e 6974 7261 6d66 -rootfs-initramf\n-0002a090: 732e 6874 6d6c 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 2041 s.html)... A\n-0002a0a0: 206e 6577 2d73 7479 6c65 2069 6e69 7472 new-style initr\n-0002a0b0: 6420 2866 6f72 206b 6572 6e65 6c73 206e d (for kernels n\n-0002a0c0: 6577 6572 2074 6861 6e20 322e 3629 2063 ewer than 2.6) c\n-0002a0d0: 6f6e 7461 696e 696e 6720 6f6e 6520 6669 ontaining one fi\n-0002a0e0: 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 7769 7468 206c 6561 le. with lea\n-0002a0f0: 6469 6e67 2070 6174 6820 636f 6d70 6f6e ding path compon\n-0002a100: 656e 7473 2063 616e 2061 6c73 6f20 6265 ents can also be\n-0002a110: 2067 656e 6572 6174 6564 2061 7420 7275 generated at ru\n-0002a120: 6e20 7469 6d65 2e0a 2020 2020 2054 6869 n time.. Thi\n-0002a130: 7320 6361 6e20 6265 2064 6f6e 6520 6279 s can be done by\n-0002a140: 2070 7265 6669 7869 6e67 2061 6e20 6172 prefixing an ar\n-0002a150: 6775 6d65 6e74 2077 6974 6820 e280 986e gument with ...n\n-0002a160: 6577 633a e280 9920 666f 6c6c 6f77 6564 ewc:... followed\n-0002a170: 2062 790a 2020 2020 2074 6865 2070 6174 by. the pat\n-0002a180: 6820 6f66 2074 6865 2066 696c 6520 696e h of the file in\n-0002a190: 2074 6865 206e 6577 2069 6e69 7472 642c the new initrd,\n-0002a1a0: 2061 20e2 8098 3ae2 8099 2c20 616e 6420 a ...:..., and \n-0002a1b0: 7468 656e 2074 6865 2047 5255 420a 2020 then the GRUB. \n-0002a1c0: 2020 2066 696c 6520 7061 7468 2074 6f20 file path to \n-0002a1d0: 7468 6520 6669 6c65 2064 6174 6120 746f the file data to\n-0002a1e0: 2062 6520 6265 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 642e be be included.\n-0002a1f0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 .. For examp\n-0002a200: 6c65 3a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 696e le:. in\n-0002a210: 6974 7264 206e 6577 633a 2f65 7463 2f73 itrd newc:/etc/s\n-0002a220: 7368 2f63 6f6e 6669 673a 2868 6430 2c32 sh/config:(hd0,2\n-0002a230: 292f 686f 6d65 2f75 7365 722f 2e73 7368 )/home/user/.ssh\n-0002a240: 2f63 6f6e 6669 6720 5c0a 2020 2020 2020 /config \\. \n-0002a250: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6577 633a newc:\n-0002a260: 2f65 7463 2f73 7368 2f73 7368 5f68 6f73 /etc/ssh/ssh_hos\n-0002a270: 745f 7273 615f 6b65 793a 2f65 7463 2f73 t_rsa_key:/etc/s\n-0002a280: 7368 2f73 7368 5f68 6f73 745f 7273 615f sh/ssh_host_rsa_\n-0002a290: 6b65 7920 5c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 key \\. \n-0002a2a0: 2020 2020 2020 202f 626f 6f74 2f69 6e69 /boot/ini\n-0002a2b0: 7472 642e 677a 205c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 trd.gz \\. \n-0002a2c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e65 7763 3a2f newc:/\n-0002a2d0: 696e 6974 3a2f 686f 6d65 2f75 7365 722f init:/home/user/\n-0002a2e0: 696e 6974 2e66 6978 6564 0a0a 2020 2020 init.fixed.. \n-0002a2f0: 2054 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 7769 This command wi\n-0002a300: 6c6c 2067 656e 6572 6174 6520 7477 6f20 ll generate two \n-0002a310: 6e65 772d 7374 796c 6520 696e 6974 7264 new-style initrd\n-0002a320: 7320 6f6e 2074 6865 2066 6c79 2e20 2054 s on the fly. T\n-0002a330: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6669 7273 7420 636f he. first co\n-0002a340: 6e74 6169 6e73 2074 6865 2070 6174 6820 ntains the path \n-0002a350: e280 982f 6574 632f 7373 682f 636f 6e66 .../etc/ssh/conf\n-0002a360: 6967 e280 9920 7769 7468 2074 6865 2063 ig... with the c\n-0002a370: 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 ontents of. \n-0002a380: e280 9828 6864 302c 3229 2f68 6f6d 652f ...(hd0,2)/home/\n-0002a390: 7573 6572 2f2e 7373 682f 636f 6e66 6967 user/.ssh/config\n-0002a3a0: e280 9920 616e 6420 7468 6520 7061 7468 ... and the path\n-0002a3b0: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 982f 6574 632f 7373 . .../etc/ss\n-0002a3c0: 682f 7373 685f 686f 7374 5f72 7361 5f6b h/ssh_host_rsa_k\n-0002a3d0: 6579 e280 9920 7769 7468 2074 6865 2063 ey... with the c\n-0002a3e0: 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 ontents of. \n-0002a3f0: e280 982f 6574 632f 7373 682f 7373 685f .../etc/ssh/ssh_\n-0002a400: 686f 7374 5f72 7361 5f6b 6579 e280 9920 host_rsa_key... \n-0002a410: 6f6e 2074 6865 2052 4f4f 5420 6465 7669 on the ROOT devi\n-0002a420: 6365 2e20 2050 6172 656e 7420 6469 7265 ce. Parent dire\n-0002a430: 6374 6f72 790a 2020 2020 2070 6174 6873 ctory. paths\n-0002a440: 2077 696c 6c20 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6361 will automatica\n-0002a450: 6c6c 7920 6265 2067 656e 6572 6174 6564 lly be generated\n-0002a460: 2061 7320 6e65 6564 6564 2e20 2054 6869 as needed. Thi\n-0002a470: 7320 6669 7273 740a 2020 2020 2067 656e s first. gen\n-0002a480: 6572 6174 6564 2069 6e69 7472 6420 7769 erated initrd wi\n-0002a490: 6c6c 2074 6865 6e20 6861 7665 20e2 8098 ll then have ...\n-0002a4a0: 2f62 6f6f 742f 696e 6974 7264 2e67 7ae2 /boot/initrd.gz.\n-0002a4b0: 8099 2063 6f6e 6361 7465 6e61 7465 640a .. concatenated.\n-0002a4c0: 2020 2020 2061 6674 6572 2069 742e 2020 after it. \n-0002a4d0: 4e65 7874 2c20 616e 6f74 6865 7220 6e65 Next, another ne\n-0002a4e0: 772d 7374 796c 6520 6172 6368 6976 6520 w-style archive \n-0002a4f0: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6765 6e65 7261 7465 will be generate\n-0002a500: 6420 7769 7468 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 d with. the \n-0002a510: 636f 6e74 656e 7473 206f 6620 e280 982f contents of .../\n-0002a520: 686f 6d65 2f75 7365 722f 696e 6974 2e66 home/user/init.f\n-0002a530: 6978 6564 e280 9920 696e 2074 6865 2070 ixed... in the p\n-0002a540: 6174 6820 e280 982f 696e 6974 e280 9920 ath .../init... \n-0002a550: 616e 640a 2020 2020 2061 7070 656e 6465 and. appende\n-0002a560: 6420 746f 2074 6865 2070 7265 7669 6f75 d to the previou\n-0002a570: 7320 636f 6e63 6174 656e 6174 696f 6e2e s concatenation.\n-0002a580: 2020 4669 6e61 6c6c 792c 2074 6865 2072 Finally, the r\n-0002a590: 6573 756c 7420 7769 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 esult will. \n-0002a5a0: 6265 2073 656e 7420 746f 2074 6865 206b be sent to the k\n-0002a5b0: 6572 6e65 6c20 7768 656e 2062 6f6f 7465 ernel when boote\n-0002a5c0: 642e 0a0a 2020 2020 204b 6565 7020 696e d... Keep in\n-0002a5d0: 206d 696e 6420 7468 6174 2070 6174 6873 mind that paths\n-0002a5e0: 2074 6861 7420 636f 6d65 206c 6174 6572 that come later\n-0002a5f0: 2077 696c 6c20 7461 6b65 2070 7265 6365 will take prece\n-0002a600: 6465 6e63 652e 2020 536f 0a20 2020 2020 dence. So. \n-0002a610: 696e 2074 6865 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2061 in the example a\n-0002a620: 626f 7665 2c20 7468 6520 6765 6e65 7261 bove, the genera\n-0002a630: 7465 6420 7061 7468 20e2 8098 2f69 6e69 ted path .../ini\n-0002a640: 74e2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 6f76 6572 7772 t... will overwr\n-0002a650: 6974 6520 616e 790a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 ite any. ...\n-0002a660: 2f69 6e69 74e2 8099 2069 6e20 e280 982f /init... in .../\n-0002a670: 626f 6f74 2f69 6e69 7472 642e 677a e280 boot/initrd.gz..\n-0002a680: 992e 2020 5468 6973 2063 616e 2062 6520 .. This can be \n-0002a690: 7573 6566 756c 2077 6865 6e20 6368 616e useful when chan\n-0002a6a0: 6769 6e67 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 ging the. ma\n-0002a6b0: 696e 2069 6e69 7472 6420 6973 2075 6e64 in initrd is und\n-0002a6c0: 6573 6972 6162 6c65 206f 7220 6469 6666 esirable or diff\n-0002a6d0: 6963 756c 742e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 icult.....File: \n-0002a6e0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-0002a6f0: 3a20 696e 6974 7264 3136 2c20 204e 6578 : initrd16, Nex\n-0002a700: 743a 206c 696e 7578 2c20 2050 7265 763a t: linux, Prev:\n-0002a710: 2069 6e69 7472 642c 2020 5570 3a20 4c6f initrd, Up: Lo\n-0002a720: 6164 6572 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 ader commands..1\n-0002a730: 372e 322e 3320 696e 6974 7264 3136 0a2d 7.2.3 initrd16.-\n-0002a740: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n-0002a750: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2069 6e69 -- Command: ini\n-0002a760: 7472 6431 3620 6669 6c65 205b 6669 6c65 trd16 file [file\n-0002a770: 202e 2e2e 5d0a 2020 2020 204c 6f61 642c ...]. Load,\n-0002a780: 2069 6e20 6f72 6465 722c 2061 6c6c 2069 in order, all i\n-0002a790: 6e69 7472 6473 2066 6f72 2061 204c 696e nitrds for a Lin\n-0002a7a0: 7578 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 696d 6167 6520 ux kernel image \n-0002a7b0: 746f 2062 6520 626f 6f74 6564 0a20 2020 to be booted. \n-0002a7c0: 2020 696e 2031 362d 6269 7420 6d6f 6465 in 16-bit mode\n-0002a7d0: 2c20 616e 6420 7365 7420 7468 6520 6170 , and set the ap\n-0002a7e0: 7072 6f70 7269 6174 6520 7061 7261 6d65 propriate parame\n-0002a7f0: 7465 7273 2069 6e20 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 ters in the Linu\n-0002a800: 780a 2020 2020 2073 6574 7570 2061 7265 x. setup are\n-0002a810: 6120 696e 206d 656d 6f72 792e 2020 5468 a in memory. Th\n-0002a820: 6973 206d 6179 206f 6e6c 7920 6265 2075 is may only be u\n-0002a830: 7365 6420 6166 7465 7220 7468 6520 e280 sed after the ..\n-0002a840: 986c 696e 7578 3136 e280 990a 2020 2020 .linux16.... \n-0002a850: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 command (*note \n-0002a860: 6c69 6e75 7831 363a 3a29 2068 6173 2062 linux16::) has b\n-0002a870: 6565 6e20 7275 6e2e 2020 5365 6520 616c een run. See al\n-0002a880: 736f 202a 6e6f 7465 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e so *note GNU/Lin\n-0002a890: 7578 3a3a 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 7468 ux::. and th\n-0002a8a0: 6520 e280 9869 6e69 7472 64e2 8099 2063 e ...initrd... c\n-0002a8b0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 696e ommand (*note in\n-0002a8c0: 6974 7264 3a3a 2920 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 itrd::) for more\n-0002a8d0: 2064 6574 6169 6c73 206f 6e0a 2020 2020 details on. \n-0002a8e0: 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 2e0a 0a20 2020 arguments... \n-0002a8f0: 2020 5468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 This command i\n-0002a900: 7320 6f6e 6c79 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 s only available\n-0002a910: 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7063 2070 6c61 7466 on the pc platf\n-0002a920: 6f72 6d20 666f 7220 7838 3620 7379 7374 orm for x86 syst\n-0002a930: 656d 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ems.....File: gr\n-0002a940: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-0002a950: 6c69 6e75 782c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6c69 linux, Next: li\n-0002a960: 6e75 7831 362c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 696e nux16, Prev: in\n-0002a970: 6974 7264 3136 2c20 2055 703a 204c 6f61 itrd16, Up: Loa\n-0002a980: 6465 7220 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 der commands..17\n-0002a990: 2e32 2e34 206c 696e 7578 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d .2.4 linux.-----\n-0002a9a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n-0002a9b0: 6d61 6e64 3a20 6c69 6e75 7820 6669 6c65 mand: linux file\n-0002a9c0: 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 2061 .... Load a\n-0002a9d0: 204c 696e 7578 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 696d Linux kernel im\n-0002a9e0: 6167 6520 6672 6f6d 2046 494c 452e 2020 age from FILE. \n-0002a9f0: 5468 6520 7265 7374 206f 6620 7468 6520 The rest of the \n-0002aa00: 6c69 6e65 2069 730a 2020 2020 2070 6173 line is. pas\n-0002aa10: 7365 6420 7665 7262 6174 696d 2061 7320 sed verbatim as \n-0002aa20: 7468 6520 e280 9c6b 6572 6e65 6c20 636f the ...kernel co\n-0002aa30: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 e280 9d2e 2020 mmand-line.... \n-0002aa40: 416e 7920 696e 6974 7264 206d 7573 7420 Any initrd must \n-0002aa50: 6265 0a20 2020 2020 7265 6c6f 6164 6564 be. reloaded\n-0002aa60: 2061 6674 6572 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6869 after using thi\n-0002aa70: 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 s command (*note\n-0002aa80: 2069 6e69 7472 643a 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 initrd::)... \n-0002aa90: 2020 4f6e 2078 3836 2073 7973 7465 6d73 On x86 systems\n-0002aaa0: 2c20 7468 6520 6b65 726e 656c 2077 696c , the kernel wil\n-0002aab0: 6c20 6265 2062 6f6f 7465 6420 7573 696e l be booted usin\n-0002aac0: 6720 7468 6520 3332 2d62 6974 2062 6f6f g the 32-bit boo\n-0002aad0: 740a 2020 2020 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c2e t. protocol.\n-0002aae0: 2020 4e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 7468 6973 Note that this\n-0002aaf0: 206d 6561 6e73 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 means that the \n-0002ab00: e280 9876 6761 3de2 8099 2062 6f6f 7420 ...vga=... boot \n-0002ab10: 6f70 7469 6f6e 2077 696c 6c0a 2020 2020 option will. \n-0002ab20: 206e 6f74 2077 6f72 6b3b 2069 6620 796f not work; if yo\n-0002ab30: 7520 7761 6e74 2074 6f20 7365 7420 6120 u want to set a \n-0002ab40: 7370 6563 6961 6c20 7669 6465 6f20 6d6f special video mo\n-0002ab50: 6465 2c20 796f 7520 7769 6c6c 206e 6565 de, you will nee\n-0002ab60: 6420 746f 0a20 2020 2020 7573 6520 4752 d to. use GR\n-0002ab70: 5542 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 7375 6368 UB commands such\n-0002ab80: 2061 7320 e280 9873 6574 2067 6678 7061 as ...set gfxpa\n-0002ab90: 796c 6f61 643d 3130 3234 7837 3638 e280 yload=1024x768..\n-0002aba0: 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 7365 740a 2020 2020 . or ...set. \n-0002abb0: 2067 6678 7061 796c 6f61 643d 6b65 6570 gfxpayload=keep\n-0002abc0: e280 9920 2874 6f20 6b65 6570 2074 6865 ... (to keep the\n-0002abd0: 2073 616d 6520 6d6f 6465 2061 7320 7573 same mode as us\n-0002abe0: 6564 2069 6e20 4752 5542 2920 696e 7374 ed in GRUB) inst\n-0002abf0: 6561 642e 0a20 2020 2020 4752 5542 2063 ead.. GRUB c\n-0002ac00: 616e 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 6c79 an automatically\n-0002ac10: 2064 6574 6563 7420 736f 6d65 2075 7365 detect some use\n-0002ac20: 7320 6f66 20e2 8098 7667 613d e280 9920 s of ...vga=... \n-0002ac30: 616e 6420 7472 616e 736c 6174 650a 2020 and translate. \n-0002ac40: 2020 2074 6865 6d20 746f 2061 7070 726f them to appro\n-0002ac50: 7072 6961 7465 2073 6574 7469 6e67 7320 priate settings \n-0002ac60: 6f66 20e2 8098 6766 7870 6179 6c6f 6164 of ...gfxpayload\n-0002ac70: e280 992e 2020 5468 6520 e280 986c 696e .... The ...lin\n-0002ac80: 7578 3136 e280 990a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d ux16.... com\n-0002ac90: 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6c69 6e75 mand (*note linu\n-0002aca0: 7831 363a 3a29 2061 766f 6964 7320 7468 x16::) avoids th\n-0002acb0: 6973 2072 6573 7472 6963 7469 6f6e 2e0a is restriction..\n-0002acc0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-0002acd0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206c 696e 7578 fo, Node: linux\n-0002ace0: 3136 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2078 656e 5f68 16, Next: xen_h\n-0002acf0: 7970 6572 7669 736f 722c 2020 5072 6576 ypervisor, Prev\n-0002ad00: 3a20 6c69 6e75 782c 2020 5570 3a20 4c6f : linux, Up: Lo\n-0002ad10: 6164 6572 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 ader commands..1\n-0002ad20: 372e 322e 3520 6c69 6e75 7831 360a 2d2d 7.2.5 linux16.--\n-0002ad30: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n-0002ad40: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206c 696e 7578 - Command: linux\n-0002ad50: 3136 2066 696c 6520 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 16 file .... \n-0002ad60: 204c 6f61 6420 6120 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 Load a Linux ke\n-0002ad70: 726e 656c 2069 6d61 6765 2066 726f 6d20 rnel image from \n-0002ad80: 4649 4c45 2069 6e20 3136 2d62 6974 206d FILE in 16-bit m\n-0002ad90: 6f64 652e 2020 5468 6520 7265 7374 206f ode. The rest o\n-0002ada0: 660a 2020 2020 2074 6865 206c 696e 6520 f. the line \n-0002adb0: 6973 2070 6173 7365 6420 7665 7262 6174 is passed verbat\n-0002adc0: 696d 2061 7320 7468 6520 e280 9c6b 6572 im as the ...ker\n-0002add0: 6e65 6c20 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 nel command-line\n-0002ade0: e280 9d2e 2020 416e 790a 2020 2020 2069 .... Any. i\n-0002adf0: 6e69 7472 6420 6d75 7374 2062 6520 7265 nitrd must be re\n-0002ae00: 6c6f 6164 6564 2061 6674 6572 2075 7369 loaded after usi\n-0002ae10: 6e67 2074 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 ng this command \n-0002ae20: 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 696e 6974 (*note. init\n-0002ae30: 7264 3136 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 rd16::)... T\n-0002ae40: 6865 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 7769 6c6c 2062 he kernel will b\n-0002ae50: 6520 626f 6f74 6564 2075 7369 6e67 2074 e booted using t\n-0002ae60: 6865 2074 7261 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 2031 he traditional 1\n-0002ae70: 362d 6269 7420 626f 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 6-bit boot. \n-0002ae80: 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2e20 2041 7320 7765 protocol. As we\n-0002ae90: 6c6c 2061 7320 6279 7061 7373 696e 6720 ll as bypassing \n-0002aea0: 7072 6f62 6c65 6d73 2077 6974 6820 e280 problems with ..\n-0002aeb0: 9876 6761 3de2 8099 2064 6573 6372 6962 .vga=... describ\n-0002aec0: 6564 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 202a 6e6f 7465 ed in. *note\n-0002aed0: 206c 696e 7578 3a3a 2c20 7468 6973 2070 linux::, this p\n-0002aee0: 6572 6d69 7473 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2073 ermits booting s\n-0002aef0: 6f6d 6520 6f74 6865 7220 7072 6f67 7261 ome other progra\n-0002af00: 6d73 2074 6861 740a 2020 2020 2069 6d70 ms that. imp\n-0002af10: 6c65 6d65 6e74 2074 6865 204c 696e 7578 lement the Linux\n-0002af20: 2062 6f6f 7420 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2066 boot protocol f\n-0002af30: 6f72 2074 6865 2073 616b 6520 6f66 2063 or the sake of c\n-0002af40: 6f6e 7665 6e69 656e 6365 2e0a 0a20 2020 onvenience... \n-0002af50: 2020 5468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 This command i\n-0002af60: 7320 6f6e 6c79 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 s only available\n-0002af70: 206f 6e20 7838 3620 7379 7374 656d 732e on x86 systems.\n-0002af80: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-0002af90: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7865 6e5f nfo, Node: xen_\n-0002afa0: 6879 7065 7276 6973 6f72 2c20 204e 6578 hypervisor, Nex\n-0002afb0: 743a 2078 656e 5f6d 6f64 756c 652c 2020 t: xen_module, \n-0002afc0: 5072 6576 3a20 6c69 6e75 7831 362c 2020 Prev: linux16, \n-0002afd0: 5570 3a20 4c6f 6164 6572 2063 6f6d 6d61 Up: Loader comma\n-0002afe0: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 322e 3620 7865 6e5f nds..17.2.6 xen_\n-0002aff0: 6879 7065 7276 6973 6f72 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d hypervisor.-----\n-0002b000: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0002b010: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2078 .. -- Command: x\n-0002b020: 656e 5f68 7970 6572 7669 736f 7220 6669 en_hypervisor fi\n-0002b030: 6c65 205b 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 735d 202e le [arguments] .\n-0002b040: 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 2061 2058 ... Load a X\n-0002b050: 656e 2068 7970 6572 7669 736f 7220 6269 en hypervisor bi\n-0002b060: 6e61 7279 2066 726f 6d20 4649 4c45 2e20 nary from FILE. \n-0002b070: 2054 6865 2072 6573 7420 6f66 2074 6865 The rest of the\n-0002b080: 206c 696e 6520 6973 0a20 2020 2020 7061 line is. pa\n-0002b090: 7373 6564 2076 6572 6261 7469 6d20 6173 ssed verbatim as\n-0002b0a0: 2074 6865 20e2 809c 6b65 726e 656c 2063 the ...kernel c\n-0002b0b0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 65e2 809d 2e20 ommand-line.... \n-0002b0c0: 2041 6e79 206f 7468 6572 2062 696e 6172 Any other binar\n-0002b0d0: 6965 730a 2020 2020 206d 7573 7420 6265 ies. must be\n-0002b0e0: 2072 656c 6f61 6465 6420 6166 7465 7220 reloaded after \n-0002b0f0: 7573 696e 6720 7468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 using this comma\n-0002b100: 6e64 2e20 2054 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e nd. This comman\n-0002b110: 6420 6973 206f 6e6c 790a 2020 2020 2061 d is only. a\n-0002b120: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 206f 6e20 4141 7263 vailable on AArc\n-0002b130: 6836 3420 7379 7374 656d 732e 0a0a 1f0a h64 systems.....\n-0002b140: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-0002b150: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7865 6e5f 6d6f 6475 Node: xen_modu\n-0002b160: 6c65 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2078 656e 5f68 le, Prev: xen_h\n-0002b170: 7970 6572 7669 736f 722c 2020 5570 3a20 ypervisor, Up: \n-0002b180: 4c6f 6164 6572 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a Loader commands.\n-0002b190: 0a31 372e 322e 3720 7865 6e5f 6d6f 6475 .17.2.7 xen_modu\n-0002b1a0: 6c65 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d le.-------------\n-0002b1b0: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n-0002b1c0: 643a 2078 656e 5f6d 6f64 756c 6520 5b2d d: xen_module [-\n-0002b1d0: 2d6e 6f75 6e7a 6970 5d20 6669 6c65 205b -nounzip] file [\n-0002b1e0: 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 735d 0a20 2020 2020 arguments]. \n-0002b1f0: 4c6f 6164 2061 206d 6f64 756c 6520 666f Load a module fo\n-0002b200: 7220 7865 6e20 6879 7065 7276 6973 6f72 r xen hypervisor\n-0002b210: 2061 7420 7468 6520 626f 6f74 696e 6720 at the booting \n-0002b220: 7072 6f63 6573 7320 6f66 2078 656e 2e0a process of xen..\n-0002b230: 2020 2020 2054 6865 2072 6573 7420 6f66 The rest of\n-0002b240: 2074 6865 206c 696e 6520 6973 2070 6173 the line is pas\n-0002b250: 7365 6420 7665 7262 6174 696d 2061 7320 sed verbatim as \n-0002b260: 7468 6520 6d6f 6475 6c65 2063 6f6d 6d61 the module comma\n-0002b270: 6e64 206c 696e 652e 0a20 2020 2020 4d6f nd line.. Mo\n-0002b280: 6475 6c65 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 dules should be \n-0002b290: 6c6f 6164 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 666f loaded in the fo\n-0002b2a0: 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6f72 6465 723a 202d llowing order: -\n-0002b2b0: 2064 6f6d 3020 6b65 726e 656c 0a20 2020 dom0 kernel. \n-0002b2c0: 2020 696d 6167 6520 2d20 646f 6d30 2072 image - dom0 r\n-0002b2d0: 616d 6469 736b 2069 6620 7072 6573 656e amdisk if presen\n-0002b2e0: 7420 2d20 5853 4d20 706f 6c69 6379 2069 t - XSM policy i\n-0002b2f0: 6620 7072 6573 656e 7420 5468 6973 0a20 f present This. \n-0002b300: 2020 2020 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 206f command is o\n-0002b310: 6e6c 7920 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6f6e nly available on\n-0002b320: 2041 4172 6368 3634 2073 7973 7465 6d73 AArch64 systems\n-0002b330: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-0002b340: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2047 656e info, Node: Gen\n-0002b350: 6572 616c 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c 2020 eral commands, \n-0002b360: 4e65 7874 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 Next: Command-li\n-0002b370: 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c 2020 5072 ne commands, Pr\n-0002b380: 6576 3a20 4c6f 6164 6572 2063 6f6d 6d61 ev: Loader comma\n-0002b390: 6e64 732c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e nds, Up: Comman\n-0002b3a0: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e33 2047 656e 6572 616c ds..17.3 General\n-0002b3b0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d commands.======\n-0002b3c0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a ===============.\n-0002b3d0: 0a43 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 7573 6162 6c65 .Commands usable\n-0002b3e0: 2061 6e79 7768 6572 6520 696e 2074 6865 anywhere in the\n-0002b3f0: 206d 656e 7520 616e 6420 696e 2074 6865 menu and in the\n-0002b400: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 652e 0a0a command-line...\n-0002b410: 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2073 6572 6961 * Menu:..* seria\n-0002b420: 6c3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 l:: \n-0002b430: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 6574 2075 7020 Set up \n-0002b440: 6120 7365 7269 616c 2064 6576 6963 650a a serial device.\n-0002b450: 2a20 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f69 6e70 7574 * terminal_input\n-0002b460: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n-0002b470: 4d61 6e61 6765 2069 6e70 7574 2074 6572 Manage input ter\n-0002b480: 6d69 6e61 6c73 0a2a 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 minals.* termina\n-0002b490: 6c5f 6f75 7470 7574 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 l_output:: \n-0002b4a0: 2020 2020 2020 204d 616e 6167 6520 6f75 Manage ou\n-0002b4b0: 7470 7574 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c73 0a2a tput terminals.*\n-0002b4c0: 2074 6572 6d69 6e66 6f3a 3a20 2020 2020 terminfo:: \n-0002b4d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2044 D\n-0002b4e0: 6566 696e 6520 7465 726d 696e 616c 2074 efine terminal t\n-0002b4f0: 7970 650a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ype....File: gru\n-0002b500: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2073 b.info, Node: s\n-0002b510: 6572 6961 6c2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7465 erial, Next: te\n-0002b520: 726d 696e 616c 5f69 6e70 7574 2c20 2055 rminal_input, U\n-0002b530: 703a 2047 656e 6572 616c 2063 6f6d 6d61 p: General comma\n-0002b540: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 332e 3120 7365 7269 nds..17.3.1 seri\n-0002b550: 616c 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d al.-------------\n-0002b560: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2073 .. -- Command: s\n-0002b570: 6572 6961 6c20 5b2d 2d75 6e69 743d 756e erial [--unit=un\n-0002b580: 6974 5d20 5b2d 2d70 6f72 743d 706f 7274 it] [--port=port\n-0002b590: 5d20 5b2d 2d73 7065 6564 3d73 7065 6564 ] [--speed=speed\n-0002b5a0: 5d0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5b2d 2d77 ]. [--w\n-0002b5b0: 6f72 643d 776f 7264 5d20 5b2d 2d70 6172 ord=word] [--par\n-0002b5c0: 6974 793d 7061 7269 7479 5d20 5b2d 2d73 ity=parity] [--s\n-0002b5d0: 746f 703d 7374 6f70 5d0a 2020 2020 2049 top=stop]. I\n-0002b5e0: 6e69 7469 616c 697a 6520 6120 7365 7269 nitialize a seri\n-0002b5f0: 616c 2064 6576 6963 652e 2020 554e 4954 al device. UNIT\n-0002b600: 2069 7320 6120 6e75 6d62 6572 2069 6e20 is a number in \n-0002b610: 7468 6520 7261 6e67 6520 302d 330a 2020 the range 0-3. \n-0002b620: 2020 2073 7065 6369 6679 696e 6720 7768 specifying wh\n-0002b630: 6963 6820 7365 7269 616c 2070 6f72 7420 ich serial port \n-0002b640: 746f 2075 7365 3b20 6465 6661 756c 7420 to use; default \n-0002b650: 6973 2030 2c20 7768 6963 680a 2020 2020 is 0, which. \n-0002b660: 2063 6f72 7265 7370 6f6e 6473 2074 6f20 corresponds to \n-0002b670: 7468 6520 706f 7274 206f 6674 656e 2063 the port often c\n-0002b680: 616c 6c65 6420 434f 4d31 2e0a 0a20 2020 alled COM1... \n-0002b690: 2020 504f 5254 2069 7320 7468 6520 492f PORT is the I/\n-0002b6a0: 4f20 706f 7274 2077 6865 7265 2074 6865 O port where the\n-0002b6b0: 2055 4152 5420 6973 2074 6f20 6265 2066 UART is to be f\n-0002b6c0: 6f75 6e64 206f 722c 2069 6620 7072 6566 ound or, if pref\n-0002b6d0: 6978 6564 0a20 2020 2020 7769 7468 20e2 ixed. with .\n-0002b6e0: 8098 6d6d 696f 2ce2 8099 2c20 7468 6520 ..mmio,..., the \n-0002b6f0: 4d4d 494f 2061 6464 7265 7373 206f 6620 MMIO address of \n-0002b700: 7468 6520 5541 5254 2e20 4966 2073 7065 the UART. If spe\n-0002b710: 6369 6669 6564 2069 7420 7461 6b65 730a cified it takes.\n-0002b720: 2020 2020 2070 7265 6365 6465 6e63 6520 precedence \n-0002b730: 6f76 6572 2055 4e49 542e 0a0a 2020 2020 over UNIT... \n-0002b740: 2041 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c6c 792c 2061 Additionally, a\n-0002b750: 6e20 4d4d 494f 2061 6464 7265 7373 2063 n MMIO address c\n-0002b760: 616e 2062 6520 7375 6666 6978 6564 2077 an be suffixed w\n-0002b770: 6974 683a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 20e2 80a2 ith:. ...\n-0002b780: 20e2 8098 2e62 e280 9920 666f 7220 6279 ....b... for by\n-0002b790: 7465 7320 6163 6365 7373 2028 6465 6661 tes access (defa\n-0002b7a0: 756c 7429 0a20 2020 2020 2020 20e2 80a2 ult). ...\n-0002b7b0: 20e2 8098 2e77 e280 9920 666f 7220 3136 ....w... for 16\n-0002b7c0: 2d62 6974 2077 6f72 6420 6163 6365 7373 -bit word access\n-0002b7d0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 . ... ...\n-0002b7e0: 2e6c e280 9920 666f 7220 3332 2d62 6974 .l... for 32-bit\n-0002b7f0: 206c 6f6e 6720 776f 7264 2061 6363 6573 long word acces\n-0002b800: 7320 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 2020 20e2 80a2 s or. ...\n-0002b810: 20e2 8098 2e71 e280 9920 666f 7220 3634 ....q... for 64\n-0002b820: 2d62 6974 206c 6f6e 6720 6c6f 6e67 2077 -bit long long w\n-0002b830: 6f72 6420 6163 6365 7373 0a0a 2020 2020 ord access.. \n-0002b840: 2041 6c73 6f2c 2050 4f52 5420 6361 6e20 Also, PORT can \n-0002b850: 6265 206f 6620 7468 6520 666f 726d 20e2 be of the form .\n-0002b860: 8098 7063 692c 5858 3a58 582e 58e2 8099 ..pci,XX:XX.X...\n-0002b870: 2074 6f20 696e 6469 6361 7465 2061 2073 to indicate a s\n-0002b880: 6572 6961 6c0a 2020 2020 2064 6576 6963 erial. devic\n-0002b890: 6520 6578 706f 7365 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 e exposed on the\n-0002b8a0: 2050 4349 2062 7573 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 PCI bus... \n-0002b8b0: 5350 4545 4420 6973 2074 6865 2074 7261 SPEED is the tra\n-0002b8c0: 6e73 6d69 7373 696f 6e20 7370 6565 643b nsmission speed;\n-0002b8d0: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 3936 3030 default is 9600\n-0002b8e0: 2e20 2057 4f52 4420 616e 6420 5354 4f50 . WORD and STOP\n-0002b8f0: 0a20 2020 2020 6172 6520 7468 6520 6e75 . are the nu\n-0002b900: 6d62 6572 206f 6620 6461 7461 2062 6974 mber of data bit\n-0002b910: 7320 616e 6420 7374 6f70 2062 6974 732e s and stop bits.\n-0002b920: 2020 4461 7461 2062 6974 7320 6d75 7374 Data bits must\n-0002b930: 2062 6520 696e 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 be in. the \n-0002b940: 7261 6e67 6520 352d 3820 616e 6420 7374 range 5-8 and st\n-0002b950: 6f70 2062 6974 7320 6d75 7374 2062 6520 op bits must be \n-0002b960: 3120 6f72 2032 2e20 2044 6566 6175 6c74 1 or 2. Default\n-0002b970: 2069 7320 3820 6461 7461 2062 6974 730a is 8 data bits.\n-0002b980: 2020 2020 2061 6e64 206f 6e65 2073 746f and one sto\n-0002b990: 7020 6269 742e 2020 5041 5249 5459 2069 p bit. PARITY i\n-0002b9a0: 7320 6f6e 6520 6f66 20e2 8098 6e6f e280 s one of ...no..\n-0002b9b0: 992c 20e2 8098 6f64 64e2 8099 2c20 e280 ., ...odd..., ..\n-0002b9c0: 9865 7665 6ee2 8099 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 .even... and. \n-0002b9d0: 2020 6465 6661 756c 7473 2074 6f20 e280 defaults to ..\n-0002b9e0: 986e 6fe2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 .no...... Th\n-0002b9f0: 6520 7365 7269 616c 2070 6f72 7420 6973 e serial port is\n-0002ba00: 206e 6f74 2075 7365 6420 6173 2061 2063 not used as a c\n-0002ba10: 6f6d 6d75 6e69 6361 7469 6f6e 2063 6861 ommunication cha\n-0002ba20: 6e6e 656c 2075 6e6c 6573 7320 7468 650a nnel unless the.\n-0002ba30: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 7465 726d 696e 616c ...terminal\n-0002ba40: 5f69 6e70 7574 e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 _input... or ...\n-0002ba50: 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f6f 7574 7075 74e2 terminal_output.\n-0002ba60: 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 7573 .. command is us\n-0002ba70: 6564 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 2074 ed (*note. t\n-0002ba80: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 696e 7075 743a 3a2c erminal_input::,\n-0002ba90: 202a 6e6f 7465 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f *note terminal_\n-0002baa0: 6f75 7470 7574 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 output::)... \n-0002bab0: 204e 6f74 652c 2076 616c 6964 2050 4f52 Note, valid POR\n-0002bac0: 5420 7661 6c75 6573 2c20 6578 636c 7564 T values, exclud\n-0002bad0: 696e 6720 494f 2070 6f72 7420 6164 6472 ing IO port addr\n-0002bae0: 6573 7365 732c 2063 616e 2062 6520 666f esses, can be fo\n-0002baf0: 756e 640a 2020 2020 2062 7920 6c69 7374 und. by list\n-0002bb00: 696e 6720 7465 726d 696e 616c 7320 7769 ing terminals wi\n-0002bb10: 7468 20e2 8098 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f6f th ...terminal_o\n-0002bb20: 7574 7075 74e2 8099 2c20 7365 6c65 6374 utput..., select\n-0002bb30: 696e 6720 616c 6c20 6e61 6d65 730a 2020 ing all names. \n-0002bb40: 2020 2070 7265 6669 7865 6420 6279 20e2 prefixed by .\n-0002bb50: 8098 7365 7269 616c 5fe2 8099 2061 6e64 ..serial_... and\n-0002bb60: 2072 656d 6f76 696e 6720 7468 6174 2070 removing that p\n-0002bb70: 7265 6669 782e 0a0a 2020 2020 2045 7861 refix... Exa\n-0002bb80: 6d70 6c65 733a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 mples:. \n-0002bb90: 2073 6572 6961 6c20 2d2d 706f 7274 3d30 serial --port=0\n-0002bba0: 7833 6638 202d 2d73 7065 6564 3d39 3630 x3f8 --speed=960\n-0002bbb0: 300a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 7269 0. seri\n-0002bbc0: 616c 202d 2d70 6f72 743d 6d6d 696f 2c66 al --port=mmio,f\n-0002bbd0: 6566 6230 3030 302e 6c20 2d2d 7370 6565 efb0000.l --spee\n-0002bbe0: 643d 3131 3532 3030 0a20 2020 2020 2020 d=115200. \n-0002bbf0: 2020 2073 6572 6961 6c20 2d2d 706f 7274 serial --port\n-0002bc00: 3d70 6369 2c30 303a 3136 2e33 202d 2d73 =pci,00:16.3 --s\n-0002bc10: 7065 6564 3d31 3135 3230 300a 0a20 2020 peed=115200.. \n-0002bc20: 2020 5365 6520 616c 736f 202a 6e6f 7465 See also *note\n-0002bc30: 2053 6572 6961 6c20 7465 726d 696e 616c Serial terminal\n-0002bc40: 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ::.....File: gru\n-0002bc50: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2074 b.info, Node: t\n-0002bc60: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 696e 7075 742c 2020 erminal_input, \n-0002bc70: 4e65 7874 3a20 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f6f Next: terminal_o\n-0002bc80: 7574 7075 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7365 utput, Prev: se\n-0002bc90: 7269 616c 2c20 2055 703a 2047 656e 6572 rial, Up: Gener\n-0002bca0: 616c 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e al commands..17.\n-0002bcb0: 332e 3220 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f69 6e70 3.2 terminal_inp\n-0002bcc0: 7574 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ut.-------------\n-0002bcd0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f --------.. -- Co\n-0002bce0: 6d6d 616e 643a 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f mmand: terminal_\n-0002bcf0: 696e 7075 7420 5b2d 2d61 7070 656e 647c input [--append|\n-0002bd00: 2d2d 7265 6d6f 7665 5d20 5b74 6572 6d69 --remove] [termi\n-0002bd10: 6e61 6c31 5d20 5b74 6572 6d69 6e61 6c32 nal1] [terminal2\n-0002bd20: 5d0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2e2e 2e0a ]. ....\n-0002bd30: 2020 2020 204c 6973 7420 6f72 2073 656c List or sel\n-0002bd40: 6563 7420 616e 2069 6e70 7574 2074 6572 ect an input ter\n-0002bd50: 6d69 6e61 6c2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6974 minal... Wit\n-0002bd60: 6820 6e6f 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 2c20 h no arguments, \n-0002bd70: 6c69 7374 2074 6865 2061 6374 6976 6520 list the active \n-0002bd80: 616e 6420 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 696e and available in\n-0002bd90: 7075 7420 7465 726d 696e 616c 732e 0a0a put terminals...\n-0002bda0: 2020 2020 2057 6974 6820 e280 982d 2d61 With ...--a\n-0002bdb0: 7070 656e 64e2 8099 2c20 6164 6420 7468 ppend..., add th\n-0002bdc0: 6520 6e61 6d65 6420 7465 726d 696e 616c e named terminal\n-0002bdd0: 7320 746f 2074 6865 206c 6973 7420 6f66 s to the list of\n-0002bde0: 2061 6374 6976 650a 2020 2020 2069 6e70 active. inp\n-0002bdf0: 7574 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c73 3b20 616e ut terminals; an\n-0002be00: 7920 6f66 2074 6865 7365 206d 6179 2062 y of these may b\n-0002be10: 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f20 7072 6f76 6964 e used to provid\n-0002be20: 6520 696e 7075 7420 746f 2047 5255 422e e input to GRUB.\n-0002be30: 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6974 6820 e280 982d .. With ...-\n-0002be40: 2d72 656d 6f76 65e2 8099 2c20 7265 6d6f -remove..., remo\n-0002be50: 7665 2074 6865 206e 616d 6564 2074 6572 ve the named ter\n-0002be60: 6d69 6e61 6c73 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 minals from the \n-0002be70: 6163 7469 7665 206c 6973 742e 0a0a 2020 active list... \n-0002be80: 2020 2057 6974 6820 6e6f 206f 7074 696f With no optio\n-0002be90: 6e73 2062 7574 2061 206c 6973 7420 6f66 ns but a list of\n-0002bea0: 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 6e61 6d65 732c terminal names,\n-0002beb0: 206d 616b 6520 6f6e 6c79 2074 6865 206c make only the l\n-0002bec0: 6973 7465 640a 2020 2020 2074 6572 6d69 isted. termi\n-0002bed0: 6e61 6c20 6e61 6d65 7320 6163 7469 7665 nal names active\n-0002bee0: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-0002bef0: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2074 6572 info, Node: ter\n-0002bf00: 6d69 6e61 6c5f 6f75 7470 7574 2c20 204e minal_output, N\n-0002bf10: 6578 743a 2074 6572 6d69 6e66 6f2c 2020 ext: terminfo, \n-0002bf20: 5072 6576 3a20 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f69 Prev: terminal_i\n-0002bf30: 6e70 7574 2c20 2055 703a 2047 656e 6572 nput, Up: Gener\n-0002bf40: 616c 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e al commands..17.\n-0002bf50: 332e 3320 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f6f 7574 3.3 terminal_out\n-0002bf60: 7075 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d put.------------\n-0002bf70: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n-0002bf80: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 Command: termina\n-0002bf90: 6c5f 6f75 7470 7574 205b 2d2d 6170 7065 l_output [--appe\n-0002bfa0: 6e64 7c2d 2d72 656d 6f76 655d 205b 7465 nd|--remove] [te\n-0002bfb0: 726d 696e 616c 315d 205b 7465 726d 696e rminal1] [termin\n-0002bfc0: 616c 325d 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 202e al2]. .\n-0002bfd0: 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 4c69 7374 206f 7220 ... List or \n-0002bfe0: 7365 6c65 6374 2061 6e20 6f75 7470 7574 select an output\n-0002bff0: 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2e 0a0a 2020 2020 terminal... \n-0002c000: 2057 6974 6820 6e6f 2061 7267 756d 656e With no argumen\n-0002c010: 7473 2c20 6c69 7374 2074 6865 2061 6374 ts, list the act\n-0002c020: 6976 6520 616e 6420 6176 6169 6c61 626c ive and availabl\n-0002c030: 6520 6f75 7470 7574 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 e output termina\n-0002c040: 6c73 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5769 7468 20e2 ls... With .\n-0002c050: 8098 2d2d 6170 7065 6e64 e280 992c 2061 ..--append..., a\n-0002c060: 6464 2074 6865 206e 616d 6564 2074 6572 dd the named ter\n-0002c070: 6d69 6e61 6c73 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6c69 minals to the li\n-0002c080: 7374 206f 6620 6163 7469 7665 0a20 2020 st of active. \n-0002c090: 2020 6f75 7470 7574 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 output termina\n-0002c0a0: 6c73 3b20 616c 6c20 6f66 2074 6865 7365 ls; all of these\n-0002c0b0: 2077 696c 6c20 7265 6365 6976 6520 6f75 will receive ou\n-0002c0c0: 7470 7574 2066 726f 6d20 4752 5542 2e0a tput from GRUB..\n-0002c0d0: 0a20 2020 2020 5769 7468 20e2 8098 2d2d . With ...--\n-0002c0e0: 7265 6d6f 7665 e280 992c 2072 656d 6f76 remove..., remov\n-0002c0f0: 6520 7468 6520 6e61 6d65 6420 7465 726d e the named term\n-0002c100: 696e 616c 7320 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2061 inals from the a\n-0002c110: 6374 6976 6520 6c69 7374 2e0a 0a20 2020 ctive list... \n-0002c120: 2020 5769 7468 206e 6f20 6f70 7469 6f6e With no option\n-0002c130: 7320 6275 7420 6120 6c69 7374 206f 6620 s but a list of \n-0002c140: 7465 726d 696e 616c 206e 616d 6573 2c20 terminal names, \n-0002c150: 6d61 6b65 206f 6e6c 7920 7468 6520 6c69 make only the li\n-0002c160: 7374 6564 0a20 2020 2020 7465 726d 696e sted. termin\n-0002c170: 616c 206e 616d 6573 2061 6374 6976 652e al names active.\n-0002c180: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-0002c190: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7465 726d nfo, Node: term\n-0002c1a0: 696e 666f 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2074 6572 info, Prev: ter\n-0002c1b0: 6d69 6e61 6c5f 6f75 7470 7574 2c20 2055 minal_output, U\n-0002c1c0: 703a 2047 656e 6572 616c 2063 6f6d 6d61 p: General comma\n-0002c1d0: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 332e 3420 7465 726d nds..17.3.4 term\n-0002c1e0: 696e 666f 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d info.-----------\n-0002c1f0: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n-0002c200: 643a 2074 6572 6d69 6e66 6f20 5b2d 617c d: terminfo [-a|\n-0002c210: 2d75 7c2d 765d 205b 2d67 2057 7848 5d20 -u|-v] [-g WxH] \n-0002c220: 5b74 6572 6d5d 205b 7479 7065 5d0a 2020 [term] [type]. \n-0002c230: 2020 2044 6566 696e 6520 7468 6520 6361 Define the ca\n-0002c240: 7061 6269 6c69 7469 6573 206f 6620 796f pabilities of yo\n-0002c250: 7572 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 6279 2067 ur terminal by g\n-0002c260: 6976 696e 6720 7468 6520 6e61 6d65 206f iving the name o\n-0002c270: 6620 616e 0a20 2020 2020 656e 7472 7920 f an. entry \n-0002c280: 696e 2074 6865 2074 6572 6d69 6e66 6f20 in the terminfo \n-0002c290: 6461 7461 6261 7365 2c20 7768 6963 6820 database, which \n-0002c2a0: 7368 6f75 6c64 2063 6f72 7265 7370 6f6e should correspon\n-0002c2b0: 6420 726f 7567 686c 7920 746f 0a20 2020 d roughly to. \n-0002c2c0: 2020 6120 e280 9854 4552 4de2 8099 2065 a ...TERM... e\n-0002c2d0: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n-0002c2e0: 626c 6520 696e 2055 6e69 782e 0a0a 2020 ble in Unix... \n-0002c2f0: 2020 2054 6865 2063 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 The currently\n-0002c300: 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2074 6572 6d69 available termi\n-0002c310: 6e61 6c20 7479 7065 7320 6172 6520 e280 nal types are ..\n-0002c320: 9876 7431 3030 e280 992c 20e2 8098 7674 .vt100..., ...vt\n-0002c330: 3130 302d 636f 6c6f 72e2 8099 2c0a 2020 100-color...,. \n-0002c340: 2020 20e2 8098 6965 6565 3132 3735 e280 ...ieee1275..\n-0002c350: 992c 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 6475 6d62 e280 ., and ...dumb..\n-0002c360: 992e 2020 4966 2079 6f75 206e 6565 6420 .. If you need \n-0002c370: 6f74 6865 7220 7465 726d 696e 616c 2074 other terminal t\n-0002c380: 7970 6573 2c20 706c 6561 7365 0a20 2020 ypes, please. \n-0002c390: 2020 636f 6e74 6163 7420 7573 2074 6f20 contact us to \n-0002c3a0: 6469 7363 7573 7320 7468 6520 6265 7374 discuss the best\n-0002c3b0: 2077 6179 2074 6f20 696e 636c 7564 6520 way to include \n-0002c3c0: 7375 7070 6f72 7420 666f 7220 7468 6573 support for thes\n-0002c3d0: 6520 696e 0a20 2020 2020 4752 5542 2e0a e in. GRUB..\n-0002c3e0: 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 e280 982d 61e2 . The ...-a.\n-0002c3f0: 8099 2028 e280 982d 2d61 7363 6969 e280 .. (...--ascii..\n-0002c400: 9929 2c20 e280 982d 75e2 8099 2028 e280 .), ...-u... (..\n-0002c410: 982d 2d75 7466 38e2 8099 292c 2061 6e64 .--utf8...), and\n-0002c420: 20e2 8098 2d76 e280 9920 28e2 8098 2d2d ...-v... (...--\n-0002c430: 7669 7375 616c 2d75 7466 38e2 8099 290a visual-utf8...).\n-0002c440: 2020 2020 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2063 6f6e options con\n-0002c450: 7472 6f6c 2068 6f77 206e 6f6e 2d41 5343 trol how non-ASC\n-0002c460: 4949 2074 6578 7420 6973 2064 6973 706c II text is displ\n-0002c470: 6179 6564 2e20 20e2 8098 2d61 e280 9920 ayed. ...-a... \n-0002c480: 7370 6563 6966 6965 7320 616e 0a20 2020 specifies an. \n-0002c490: 2020 4153 4349 492d 6f6e 6c79 2074 6572 ASCII-only ter\n-0002c4a0: 6d69 6e61 6c3b 20e2 8098 2d75 e280 9920 minal; ...-u... \n-0002c4b0: 7370 6563 6966 6965 7320 6c6f 6769 6361 specifies logica\n-0002c4c0: 6c6c 792d 6f72 6465 7265 6420 5554 462d lly-ordered UTF-\n-0002c4d0: 383b 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 e280 982d 8; and. ...-\n-0002c4e0: 76e2 8099 2073 7065 6369 6669 6573 2022 v... specifies \"\n-0002c4f0: 7669 7375 616c 6c79 2d6f 7264 6572 6564 visually-ordered\n-0002c500: 2055 5446 2d38 2220 2869 6e20 6f74 6865 UTF-8\" (in othe\n-0002c510: 7220 776f 7264 732c 2061 7272 616e 6765 r words, arrange\n-0002c520: 640a 2020 2020 2073 7563 6820 7468 6174 d. such that\n-0002c530: 2061 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 656d 756c a terminal emul\n-0002c540: 6174 6f72 2077 6974 686f 7574 2062 6964 ator without bid\n-0002c550: 6972 6563 7469 6f6e 616c 2074 6578 7420 irectional text \n-0002c560: 7375 7070 6f72 740a 2020 2020 2077 696c support. wil\n-0002c570: 6c20 6469 7370 6c61 7920 7269 6768 742d l display right-\n-0002c580: 746f 2d6c 6566 7420 7465 7874 2069 6e20 to-left text in \n-0002c590: 7468 6520 7072 6f70 6572 206f 7264 6572 the proper order\n-0002c5a0: 3b20 7468 6973 2069 7320 6e6f 740a 2020 ; this is not. \n-0002c5b0: 2020 2072 6561 6c6c 7920 7072 6f70 6572 really proper\n-0002c5c0: 2055 5446 2d38 2c20 6275 7420 6120 776f UTF-8, but a wo\n-0002c5d0: 726b 6172 6f75 6e64 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 rkaround)... \n-0002c5e0: 2054 6865 20e2 8098 2d67 e280 9920 28e2 The ...-g... (.\n-0002c5f0: 8098 2d2d 6765 6f6d 6574 7279 e280 9929 ..--geometry...)\n-0002c600: 2063 616e 2062 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f20 can be used to \n-0002c610: 7370 6563 6966 7920 7465 726d 696e 616c specify terminal\n-0002c620: 2067 656f 6d65 7472 792e 0a0a 2020 2020 geometry... \n-0002c630: 2049 6620 6e6f 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6f72 If no option or\n-0002c640: 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 7479 7065 2069 terminal type i\n-0002c650: 7320 7370 6563 6966 6965 642c 2074 6865 s specified, the\n-0002c660: 2063 7572 7265 6e74 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 current termina\n-0002c670: 6c0a 2020 2020 2074 7970 6520 6973 2070 l. type is p\n-0002c680: 7269 6e74 6564 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a rinted.....File:\n-0002c690: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-0002c6a0: 653a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 e: Command-line \n-0002c6b0: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 204e 6578 743a commands, Next:\n-0002c6c0: 204e 6574 776f 726b 696e 6720 636f 6d6d Networking comm\n-0002c6d0: 616e 6473 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2047 656e ands, Prev: Gen\n-0002c6e0: 6572 616c 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c 2020 eral commands, \n-0002c6f0: 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 Up: Commands..17\n-0002c700: 2e34 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 .4 Command-line \n-0002c710: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d commands.=======\n-0002c720: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0002c730: 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 7365 2063 6f6d 6d61 ===..These comma\n-0002c740: 6e64 7320 6172 6520 7573 6162 6c65 2069 nds are usable i\n-0002c750: 6e20 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 n the command-li\n-0002c760: 6e65 2061 6e64 2069 6e20 6d65 6e75 2065 ne and in menu e\n-0002c770: 6e74 7269 6573 2e20 2049 660a 796f 7520 ntries. If.you \n-0002c780: 666f 7267 6574 2061 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 forget a command\n-0002c790: 2c20 796f 7520 6361 6e20 7275 6e20 7468 , you can run th\n-0002c7a0: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 9868 656c e command ...hel\n-0002c7b0: 70e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6865 6c70 p... (*note help\n-0002c7c0: 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a ::)...* Menu:..*\n-0002c7d0: 205b 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 [:: \n-0002c7e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2043 C\n-0002c7f0: 6865 636b 2066 696c 6520 7479 7065 7320 heck file types \n-0002c800: 616e 6420 636f 6d70 6172 6520 7661 6c75 and compare valu\n-0002c810: 6573 0a2a 2061 6370 693a 3a20 2020 2020 es.* acpi:: \n-0002c820: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002c830: 2020 204c 6f61 6420 4143 5049 2074 6162 Load ACPI tab\n-0002c840: 6c65 730a 2a20 6175 7468 656e 7469 6361 les.* authentica\n-0002c850: 7465 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 te:: \n-0002c860: 2020 2020 4368 6563 6b20 7768 6574 6865 Check whethe\n-0002c870: 7220 7573 6572 2069 7320 696e 2075 7365 r user is in use\n-0002c880: 7220 6c69 7374 0a2a 2062 6163 6b67 726f r list.* backgro\n-0002c890: 756e 645f 636f 6c6f 723a 3a20 2020 2020 und_color:: \n-0002c8a0: 2020 2020 2020 2053 6574 2062 6163 6b67 Set backg\n-0002c8b0: 726f 756e 6420 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\n-0002cda0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4576 Ev\n-0002cdb0: 616c 7561 7465 2061 6772 756d 656e 7473 aluate agruments\n-0002cdc0: 2061 7320 4752 5542 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 as GRUB command\n-0002cdd0: 730a 2a20 6578 706f 7274 3a3a 2020 2020 s.* export:: \n-0002cde0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002cdf0: 2020 4578 706f 7274 2061 6e20 656e 7669 Export an envi\n-0002ce00: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ronment variable\n-0002ce10: 0a2a 2066 616c 7365 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 .* false:: \n-0002ce20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002ce30: 2044 6f20 6e6f 7468 696e 672c 2075 6e73 Do nothing, uns\n-0002ce40: 7563 6365 7373 6675 6c6c 790a 2a20 6677 uccessfully.* fw\n-0002ce50: 7365 7475 703a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 setup:: \n-0002ce60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5265 626f Rebo\n-0002ce70: 6f74 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 6669 726d ot into the firm\n-0002ce80: 7761 7265 2073 6574 7570 206d 656e 750a ware setup menu.\n-0002ce90: 2a20 6764 6269 6e66 6f3a 3a20 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Load Ne\n+000294f0: 7442 5344 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6d6f 6475 tBSD kernel modu\n+00029500: 6c65 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6b6e le.. ... ...kn\n+00029510: 6574 6273 64e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 etbsd... - Load \n+00029520: 6b65 726e 656c 206f 6620 4e65 7442 5344 kernel of NetBSD\n+00029530: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6b6f 7065 .. ... ...kope\n+00029540: 6e62 7364 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 206b nbsd... - Load k\n+00029550: 6572 6e65 6c20 6f66 204f 7065 6e42 5344 ernel of OpenBSD\n+00029560: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6b6f 7065 .. ... ...kope\n+00029570: 6e62 7364 5f72 616d 6469 736b e280 9920 nbsd_ramdisk... \n+00029580: 2d20 4c6f 6164 206b 4f70 656e 4253 4420 - Load kOpenBSD \n+00029590: 7261 6d64 6973 6b2e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 ramdisk.. ... \n+000295a0: e280 986c 6567 6163 795f 696e 6974 7264 ...legacy_initrd\n+000295b0: 5f6e 6f75 6e7a 6970 e280 9920 2d20 5369 _nounzip... - Si\n+000295c0: 6d75 6c61 7465 2067 7275 622d 6c65 6761 mulate grub-lega\n+000295d0: 6379 2027 6d6f 6475 6c65 6e6f 756e 7a69 cy 'modulenounzi\n+000295e0: 7027 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d6d 616e 640a p'. command.\n+000295f0: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6c65 6761 6379 ... ...legacy\n+00029600: 5f69 6e69 7472 64e2 8099 202d 2053 696d _initrd... - 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Load a mult\n+00029730: 6962 6f6f 7420 6b65 726e 656c 2e0a 2020 iboot kernel.. \n+00029740: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6e74 6c64 72e2 8099 ... ...ntldr...\n+00029750: 202d 204c 6f61 6420 4e54 4c44 5220 6f72 - Load NTLDR or\n+00029760: 2042 6f6f 744d 4752 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 BootMGR.. ...\n+00029770: 20e2 8098 706c 616e 39e2 8099 202d 204c ...plan9... - L\n+00029780: 6f61 6420 506c 616e 3920 6b65 726e 656c oad Plan9 kernel\n+00029790: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 7078 6563 .. ... ...pxec\n+000297a0: 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 e280 9920 2d20 hainloader... - \n+000297b0: 4c6f 6164 2061 2050 5845 2069 6d61 6765 Load a PXE image\n+000297c0: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 7472 7565 .. ... ...true\n+000297d0: 6372 7970 74e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 crypt... - Load \n+000297e0: 5472 7565 6372 7970 7420 4953 4f2e 0a20 Truecrypt ISO.. \n+000297f0: 2020 e280 a220 e280 9878 6e75 5f6b 6572 ... ...xnu_ker\n+00029800: 6e65 6c36 34e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 nel64... - Load \n+00029810: 3634 2d62 6974 2058 4e55 2069 6d61 6765 64-bit XNU image\n+00029820: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 786e 755f .. ... ...xnu_\n+00029830: 6b65 726e 656c e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 kernel... - Load\n+00029840: 2058 4e55 2069 6d61 6765 2e0a 2020 20e2 XNU image.. .\n+00029850: 80a2 20e2 8098 786e 755f 6b65 7874 6469 .. ...xnu_kextdi\n+00029860: 72e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 584e 5520 r... - Load XNU \n+00029870: 6578 7465 6e73 696f 6e20 6469 7265 6374 extension direct\n+00029880: 6f72 792e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9878 ory.. ... ...x\n+00029890: 6e75 5f6b 6578 74e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 nu_kext... - Loa\n+000298a0: 6420 584e 5520 6578 7465 6e73 696f 6e2e d XNU extension.\n+000298b0: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9878 6e75 5f6d . ... ...xnu_m\n+000298c0: 6b65 7874 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2058 kext... - Load X\n+000298d0: 4e55 2065 7874 656e 7369 6f6e 2070 6163 NU extension pac\n+000298e0: 6b61 6765 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 kage.. ... ...\n+000298f0: 786e 755f 7261 6d64 6973 6be2 8099 202d xnu_ramdisk... -\n+00029900: 204c 6f61 6420 584e 5520 7261 6d64 6973 Load XNU ramdis\n+00029910: 6b2e 2020 4974 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2061 k. It will be a\n+00029920: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2069 6e20 4f53 2061 vailable in OS a\n+00029930: 730a 2020 2020 206d 6430 2e0a 2020 20e2 s. md0.. .\n+00029940: 80a2 20e2 8098 786e 755f 7265 7375 6d65 .. ...xnu_resume\n+00029950: e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2061 6e20 696d ... - Load an im\n+00029960: 6167 6520 6f66 2068 6962 6572 6e61 7465 age of hibernate\n+00029970: 6420 584e 552e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 d XNU.. ... ..\n+00029980: 9878 6e75 5f73 706c 6173 68e2 8099 202d .xnu_splash... -\n+00029990: 204c 6f61 6420 6120 7370 6c61 7368 2069 Load a splash i\n+000299a0: 6d61 6765 2066 6f72 2058 4e55 2e0a 0a2a mage for XNU...*\n+000299b0: 204d 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 6368 6169 6e6c Menu:..* chainl\n+000299c0: 6f61 6465 723a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 oader:: \n+000299d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4368 6169 6e2d 6c6f Chain-lo\n+000299e0: 6164 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 2062 6f6f 7420 ad another boot \n+000299f0: 6c6f 6164 6572 0a2a 2069 6e69 7472 643a loader.* initrd:\n+00029a00: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n+00029a10: 2020 2020 2020 204c 6f61 6420 6120 4c69 Load a Li\n+00029a20: 6e75 7820 696e 6974 7264 0a2a 2069 6e69 nux initrd.* ini\n+00029a30: 7472 6431 363a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 trd16:: \n+00029a40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c 6f61 6420 Load \n+00029a50: 6120 4c69 6e75 7820 696e 6974 7264 2028 a Linux initrd (\n+00029a60: 3136 2d62 6974 206d 6f64 6529 0a2a 206c 16-bit mode).* l\n+00029a70: 696e 7578 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 inux:: \n+00029a80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c 6f61 Loa\n+00029a90: 6420 6120 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 726e 656c d a Linux kernel\n+00029aa0: 0a2a 206c 696e 7578 3136 3a3a 2020 2020 .* linux16:: \n+00029ab0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00029ac0: 204c 6f61 6420 6120 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 Load a Linux ke\n+00029ad0: 726e 656c 2028 3136 2d62 6974 206d 6f64 rnel (16-bit mod\n+00029ae0: 6529 0a2a 2078 656e 5f68 7970 6572 7669 e).* xen_hypervi\n+00029af0: 736f 723a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 sor:: \n+00029b00: 2020 204c 6f61 6420 7865 6e20 6879 7065 Load xen hype\n+00029b10: 7276 6973 6f72 2062 696e 6172 7920 286f rvisor binary (o\n+00029b20: 6e6c 7920 6f6e 2041 4172 6368 3634 290a nly on AArch64).\n+00029b30: 2a20 7865 6e5f 6d6f 6475 6c65 3a3a 2020 * xen_module:: \n+00029b40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00029b50: 4c6f 6164 2078 656e 206d 6f64 756c 6573 Load xen modules\n+00029b60: 2066 6f72 2078 656e 2068 7970 6572 7669 for xen hypervi\n+00029b70: 736f 7220 286f 6e6c 7920 6f6e 2041 4172 sor (only on AAr\n+00029b80: 6368 3634 290a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 ch64)....File: g\n+00029b90: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+00029ba0: 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 2c20 204e chainloader, N\n+00029bb0: 6578 743a 2069 6e69 7472 642c 2020 5570 ext: initrd, Up\n+00029bc0: 3a20 4c6f 6164 6572 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 : Loader command\n+00029bd0: 730a 0a31 372e 322e 3120 6368 6169 6e6c s..17.2.1 chainl\n+00029be0: 6f61 6465 720a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d oader.----------\n+00029bf0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f --------.. -- Co\n+00029c00: 6d6d 616e 643a 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 mmand: chainload\n+00029c10: 6572 205b 2d2d 666f 7263 655d 2066 696c er [--force] fil\n+00029c20: 6520 5b61 7267 732e 2e2e 5d0a 2020 2020 e [args...]. \n+00029c30: 204c 6f61 6420 4649 4c45 2061 7320 6120 Load FILE as a \n+00029c40: 6368 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 6572 2e20 204c chain-loader. L\n+00029c50: 696b 6520 616e 7920 6f74 6865 7220 6669 ike any other fi\n+00029c60: 6c65 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6279 2074 6865 le loaded by the\n+00029c70: 0a20 2020 2020 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d . filesystem\n+00029c80: 2063 6f64 652c 2069 7420 6361 6e20 7573 code, it can us\n+00029c90: 6520 7468 6520 626c 6f63 6b6c 6973 7420 e the blocklist \n+00029ca0: 6e6f 7461 7469 6f6e 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 notation (*note \n+00029cb0: 426c 6f63 6b0a 2020 2020 206c 6973 7420 Block. list \n+00029cc0: 7379 6e74 6178 3a3a 2920 746f 2067 7261 syntax::) to gra\n+00029cd0: 6220 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 7365 6374 b the first sect\n+00029ce0: 6f72 206f 6620 7468 6520 6375 7272 656e or of the curren\n+00029cf0: 7420 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 t partition. \n+00029d00: 2077 6974 6820 e280 982b 31e2 8099 2e20 with ...+1.... \n+00029d10: 204f 6e20 4546 4920 706c 6174 666f 726d On EFI platform\n+00029d20: 732c 2061 6e79 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 s, any arguments\n+00029d30: 2061 6674 6572 2046 494c 4520 7769 6c6c after FILE will\n+00029d40: 2062 6520 7365 6e74 0a20 2020 2020 746f be sent. to\n+00029d50: 2074 6865 206c 6f61 6465 6420 696d 6167 the loaded imag\n+00029d60: 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 e... If you \n+00029d70: 7370 6563 6966 7920 7468 6520 6f70 7469 specify the opti\n+00029d80: 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d2d 666f 7263 65e2 8099 on ...--force...\n+00029d90: 2c20 7468 656e 206c 6f61 6420 4649 4c45 , then load FILE\n+00029da0: 2066 6f72 6369 626c 792c 0a20 2020 2020 forcibly,. \n+00029db0: 7768 6574 6865 7220 6974 2068 6173 2061 whether it has a\n+00029dc0: 2063 6f72 7265 6374 2073 6967 6e61 7475 correct signatu\n+00029dd0: 7265 206f 7220 6e6f 742e 2020 5468 6973 re or not. This\n+00029de0: 2069 7320 7265 7175 6972 6564 2077 6865 is required whe\n+00029df0: 6e0a 2020 2020 2079 6f75 2077 616e 7420 n. you want \n+00029e00: 746f 206c 6f61 6420 6120 6465 6665 6374 to load a defect\n+00029e10: 6976 6520 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 722c ive boot loader,\n+00029e20: 2073 7563 6820 6173 2053 434f 2055 6e69 such as SCO Uni\n+00029e30: 7857 6172 6520 372e 312e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 xWare 7.1.....Fi\n+00029e40: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n+00029e50: 4e6f 6465 3a20 696e 6974 7264 2c20 204e Node: initrd, N\n+00029e60: 6578 743a 2069 6e69 7472 6431 362c 2020 ext: initrd16, \n+00029e70: 5072 6576 3a20 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 Prev: chainloade\n+00029e80: 722c 2020 5570 3a20 4c6f 6164 6572 2063 r, Up: Loader c\n+00029e90: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 322e 3220 ommands..17.2.2 \n+00029ea0: 696e 6974 7264 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d initrd.---------\n+00029eb0: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n+00029ec0: 643a 2069 6e69 7472 6420 6669 6c65 205b d: initrd file [\n+00029ed0: 6669 6c65 202e 2e2e 5d0a 2020 2020 204c file ...]. L\n+00029ee0: 6f61 642c 2069 6e20 6f72 6465 722c 2061 oad, in order, a\n+00029ef0: 6c6c 2069 6e69 7472 6473 2066 6f72 2061 ll initrds for a\n+00029f00: 204c 696e 7578 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 696d Linux kernel im\n+00029f10: 6167 652c 2061 6e64 2073 6574 2074 6865 age, and set the\n+00029f20: 0a20 2020 2020 6170 7072 6f70 7269 6174 . appropriat\n+00029f30: 6520 7061 7261 6d65 7465 7273 2069 6e20 e parameters in \n+00029f40: 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 7820 7365 7475 7020 the Linux setup \n+00029f50: 6172 6561 2069 6e20 6d65 6d6f 7279 2e20 area in memory. \n+00029f60: 2054 6869 7320 6d61 790a 2020 2020 206f This may. o\n+00029f70: 6e6c 7920 6265 2075 7365 6420 6166 7465 nly be used afte\n+00029f80: 7220 7468 6520 e280 986c 696e 7578 e280 r the ...linux..\n+00029f90: 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 . command (*note\n+00029fa0: 206c 696e 7578 3a3a 2920 6861 7320 6265 linux::) has be\n+00029fb0: 656e 0a20 2020 2020 7275 6e2e 2020 5365 en. run. Se\n+00029fc0: 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 e *note GNU/Linu\n+00029fd0: 783a 3a20 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 x:: for more inf\n+00029fe0: 6f20 6f6e 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2047 4e55 o on booting GNU\n+00029ff0: 2f4c 696e 7578 2e0a 2020 2020 2046 6f72 /Linux.. For\n+0002a000: 206d 6f72 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f more informatio\n+0002a010: 6e20 6f6e 2069 6e69 7472 6473 2073 6565 n on initrds see\n+0002a020: 2074 6865 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e 7578 206b the GNU/Linux k\n+0002a030: 6572 6e65 6c0a 2020 2020 2064 6f63 756d ernel. docum\n+0002a040: 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 2868 entation. (h\n+0002a050: 7474 7073 3a2f 2f64 6f63 732e 6b65 726e ttps://docs.kern\n+0002a060: 656c 2e6f 7267 2f66 696c 6573 7973 7465 el.org/filesyste\n+0002a070: 6d73 2f72 616d 6673 2d72 6f6f 7466 732d ms/ramfs-rootfs-\n+0002a080: 696e 6974 7261 6d66 732e 6874 6d6c 292e initramfs.html).\n+0002a090: 0a0a 2020 2020 2041 206e 6577 2d73 7479 .. A new-sty\n+0002a0a0: 6c65 2069 6e69 7472 6420 2866 6f72 206b le initrd (for k\n+0002a0b0: 6572 6e65 6c73 206e 6577 6572 2074 6861 ernels newer tha\n+0002a0c0: 6e20 322e 3629 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 696e n 2.6) containin\n+0002a0d0: 6720 6f6e 6520 6669 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 g one file. \n+0002a0e0: 7769 7468 206c 6561 6469 6e67 2070 6174 with leading pat\n+0002a0f0: 6820 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 7473 2063 616e h components can\n+0002a100: 2061 6c73 6f20 6265 2067 656e 6572 6174 also be generat\n+0002a110: 6564 2061 7420 7275 6e20 7469 6d65 2e0a ed at run time..\n+0002a120: 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 6361 6e20 6265 This can be\n+0002a130: 2064 6f6e 6520 6279 2070 7265 6669 7869 done by prefixi\n+0002a140: 6e67 2061 6e20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 2077 ng an argument w\n+0002a150: 6974 6820 e280 986e 6577 633a e280 9920 ith ...newc:... \n+0002a160: 666f 6c6c 6f77 6564 2062 790a 2020 2020 followed by. \n+0002a170: 2074 6865 2070 6174 6820 6f66 2074 6865 the path of the\n+0002a180: 2066 696c 6520 696e 2074 6865 206e 6577 file in the new\n+0002a190: 2069 6e69 7472 642c 2061 20e2 8098 3ae2 initrd, a ...:.\n+0002a1a0: 8099 2c20 616e 6420 7468 656e 2074 6865 .., and then the\n+0002a1b0: 2047 5255 420a 2020 2020 2066 696c 6520 GRUB. file \n+0002a1c0: 7061 7468 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6669 6c65 path to the file\n+0002a1d0: 2064 6174 6120 746f 2062 6520 6265 2069 data to be be i\n+0002a1e0: 6e63 6c75 6465 642e 0a0a 2020 2020 2046 ncluded... F\n+0002a1f0: 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 3a0a 2020 2020 or example:. \n+0002a200: 2020 2020 2020 696e 6974 7264 206e 6577 initrd new\n+0002a210: 633a 2f65 7463 2f73 7368 2f63 6f6e 6669 c:/etc/ssh/confi\n+0002a220: 673a 2868 6430 2c32 292f 686f 6d65 2f75 g:(hd0,2)/home/u\n+0002a230: 7365 722f 2e73 7368 2f63 6f6e 6669 6720 ser/.ssh/config \n+0002a240: 5c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \\. \n+0002a250: 2020 206e 6577 633a 2f65 7463 2f73 7368 newc:/etc/ssh\n+0002a260: 2f73 7368 5f68 6f73 745f 7273 615f 6b65 /ssh_host_rsa_ke\n+0002a270: 793a 2f65 7463 2f73 7368 2f73 7368 5f68 y:/etc/ssh/ssh_h\n+0002a280: 6f73 745f 7273 615f 6b65 7920 5c0a 2020 ost_rsa_key \\. \n+0002a290: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 202f /\n+0002a2a0: 626f 6f74 2f69 6e69 7472 642e 677a 205c boot/initrd.gz \\\n+0002a2b0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+0002a2c0: 2020 6e65 7763 3a2f 696e 6974 3a2f 686f newc:/init:/ho\n+0002a2d0: 6d65 2f75 7365 722f 696e 6974 2e66 6978 me/user/init.fix\n+0002a2e0: 6564 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 636f ed.. This co\n+0002a2f0: 6d6d 616e 6420 7769 6c6c 2067 656e 6572 mmand will gener\n+0002a300: 6174 6520 7477 6f20 6e65 772d 7374 796c ate two new-styl\n+0002a310: 6520 696e 6974 7264 7320 6f6e 2074 6865 e initrds on the\n+0002a320: 2066 6c79 2e20 2054 6865 0a20 2020 2020 fly. The. \n+0002a330: 6669 7273 7420 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 2074 first contains t\n+0002a340: 6865 2070 6174 6820 e280 982f 6574 632f he path .../etc/\n+0002a350: 7373 682f 636f 6e66 6967 e280 9920 7769 ssh/config... wi\n+0002a360: 7468 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 th the contents \n+0002a370: 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9828 6864 302c of. ...(hd0,\n+0002a380: 3229 2f68 6f6d 652f 7573 6572 2f2e 7373 2)/home/user/.ss\n+0002a390: 682f 636f 6e66 6967 e280 9920 616e 6420 h/config... and \n+0002a3a0: 7468 6520 7061 7468 0a20 2020 2020 e280 the path. ..\n+0002a3b0: 982f 6574 632f 7373 682f 7373 685f 686f ./etc/ssh/ssh_ho\n+0002a3c0: 7374 5f72 7361 5f6b 6579 e280 9920 7769 st_rsa_key... wi\n+0002a3d0: 7468 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 th the contents \n+0002a3e0: 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 e280 982f 6574 632f of. .../etc/\n+0002a3f0: 7373 682f 7373 685f 686f 7374 5f72 7361 ssh/ssh_host_rsa\n+0002a400: 5f6b 6579 e280 9920 6f6e 2074 6865 2052 _key... on the R\n+0002a410: 4f4f 5420 6465 7669 6365 2e20 2050 6172 OOT device. Par\n+0002a420: 656e 7420 6469 7265 6374 6f72 790a 2020 ent directory. \n+0002a430: 2020 2070 6174 6873 2077 696c 6c20 6175 paths will au\n+0002a440: 746f 6d61 7469 6361 6c6c 7920 6265 2067 tomatically be g\n+0002a450: 656e 6572 6174 6564 2061 7320 6e65 6564 enerated as need\n+0002a460: 6564 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6669 7273 740a ed. This first.\n+0002a470: 2020 2020 2067 656e 6572 6174 6564 2069 generated i\n+0002a480: 6e69 7472 6420 7769 6c6c 2074 6865 6e20 nitrd will then \n+0002a490: 6861 7665 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 696e have .../boot/in\n+0002a4a0: 6974 7264 2e67 7ae2 8099 2063 6f6e 6361 itrd.gz... conca\n+0002a4b0: 7465 6e61 7465 640a 2020 2020 2061 6674 tenated. aft\n+0002a4c0: 6572 2069 742e 2020 4e65 7874 2c20 616e er it. Next, an\n+0002a4d0: 6f74 6865 7220 6e65 772d 7374 796c 6520 other new-style \n+0002a4e0: 6172 6368 6976 6520 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 archive will be \n+0002a4f0: 6765 6e65 7261 7465 6420 7769 7468 0a20 generated with. \n+0002a500: 2020 2020 7468 6520 636f 6e74 656e 7473 the contents\n+0002a510: 206f 6620 e280 982f 686f 6d65 2f75 7365 of .../home/use\n+0002a520: 722f 696e 6974 2e66 6978 6564 e280 9920 r/init.fixed... \n+0002a530: 696e 2074 6865 2070 6174 6820 e280 982f in the path .../\n+0002a540: 696e 6974 e280 9920 616e 640a 2020 2020 init... and. \n+0002a550: 2061 7070 656e 6465 6420 746f 2074 6865 appended to the\n+0002a560: 2070 7265 7669 6f75 7320 636f 6e63 6174 previous concat\n+0002a570: 656e 6174 696f 6e2e 2020 4669 6e61 6c6c enation. Finall\n+0002a580: 792c 2074 6865 2072 6573 756c 7420 7769 y, the result wi\n+0002a590: 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 6265 2073 656e 7420 ll. be sent \n+0002a5a0: 746f 2074 6865 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 7768 to the kernel wh\n+0002a5b0: 656e 2062 6f6f 7465 642e 0a0a 2020 2020 en booted... \n+0002a5c0: 204b 6565 7020 696e 206d 696e 6420 7468 Keep in mind th\n+0002a5d0: 6174 2070 6174 6873 2074 6861 7420 636f at paths that co\n+0002a5e0: 6d65 206c 6174 6572 2077 696c 6c20 7461 me later will ta\n+0002a5f0: 6b65 2070 7265 6365 6465 6e63 652e 2020 ke precedence. \n+0002a600: 536f 0a20 2020 2020 696e 2074 6865 2065 So. in the e\n+0002a610: 7861 6d70 6c65 2061 626f 7665 2c20 7468 xample above, th\n+0002a620: 6520 6765 6e65 7261 7465 6420 7061 7468 e generated path\n+0002a630: 20e2 8098 2f69 6e69 74e2 8099 2077 696c .../init... wil\n+0002a640: 6c20 6f76 6572 7772 6974 6520 616e 790a l overwrite any.\n+0002a650: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2f69 6e69 74e2 8099 .../init...\n+0002a660: 2069 6e20 e280 982f 626f 6f74 2f69 6e69 in .../boot/ini\n+0002a670: 7472 642e 677a e280 992e 2020 5468 6973 trd.gz.... This\n+0002a680: 2063 616e 2062 6520 7573 6566 756c 2077 can be useful w\n+0002a690: 6865 6e20 6368 616e 6769 6e67 2074 6865 hen changing the\n+0002a6a0: 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 696e 2069 6e69 7472 . main initr\n+0002a6b0: 6420 6973 2075 6e64 6573 6972 6162 6c65 d is undesirable\n+0002a6c0: 206f 7220 6469 6666 6963 756c 742e 0a0a or difficult...\n+0002a6d0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+0002a6e0: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 696e 6974 7264 o, Node: initrd\n+0002a6f0: 3136 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206c 696e 7578 16, Next: linux\n+0002a700: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2069 6e69 7472 642c , Prev: initrd,\n+0002a710: 2020 5570 3a20 4c6f 6164 6572 2063 6f6d Up: Loader com\n+0002a720: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 322e 3320 696e mands..17.2.3 in\n+0002a730: 6974 7264 3136 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d itrd16.---------\n+0002a740: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n+0002a750: 616e 643a 2069 6e69 7472 6431 3620 6669 and: initrd16 fi\n+0002a760: 6c65 205b 6669 6c65 202e 2e2e 5d0a 2020 le [file ...]. \n+0002a770: 2020 204c 6f61 642c 2069 6e20 6f72 6465 Load, in orde\n+0002a780: 722c 2061 6c6c 2069 6e69 7472 6473 2066 r, all initrds f\n+0002a790: 6f72 2061 204c 696e 7578 206b 6572 6e65 or a Linux kerne\n+0002a7a0: 6c20 696d 6167 6520 746f 2062 6520 626f l image to be bo\n+0002a7b0: 6f74 6564 0a20 2020 2020 696e 2031 362d oted. in 16-\n+0002a7c0: 6269 7420 6d6f 6465 2c20 616e 6420 7365 bit mode, and se\n+0002a7d0: 7420 7468 6520 6170 7072 6f70 7269 6174 t the appropriat\n+0002a7e0: 6520 7061 7261 6d65 7465 7273 2069 6e20 e parameters in \n+0002a7f0: 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 780a 2020 2020 2073 the Linux. s\n+0002a800: 6574 7570 2061 7265 6120 696e 206d 656d etup area in mem\n+0002a810: 6f72 792e 2020 5468 6973 206d 6179 206f ory. This may o\n+0002a820: 6e6c 7920 6265 2075 7365 6420 6166 7465 nly be used afte\n+0002a830: 7220 7468 6520 e280 986c 696e 7578 3136 r the ...linux16\n+0002a840: e280 990a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 .... command\n+0002a850: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6c69 6e75 7831 363a (*note linux16:\n+0002a860: 3a29 2068 6173 2062 6565 6e20 7275 6e2e :) has been run.\n+0002a870: 2020 5365 6520 616c 736f 202a 6e6f 7465 See also *note\n+0002a880: 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e 7578 3a3a 0a20 2020 GNU/Linux::. \n+0002a890: 2020 616e 6420 7468 6520 e280 9869 6e69 and the ...ini\n+0002a8a0: 7472 64e2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 trd... command (\n+0002a8b0: 2a6e 6f74 6520 696e 6974 7264 3a3a 2920 *note initrd::) \n+0002a8c0: 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 2064 6574 6169 6c73 for more details\n+0002a8d0: 206f 6e0a 2020 2020 2061 7267 756d 656e on. argumen\n+0002a8e0: 7473 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 2063 ts... This c\n+0002a8f0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 6f6e 6c79 2061 ommand is only a\n+0002a900: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 206f 6e20 7468 6520 vailable on the \n+0002a910: 7063 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d20 666f 7220 pc platform for \n+0002a920: 7838 3620 7379 7374 656d 732e 0a0a 1f0a x86 systems.....\n+0002a930: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+0002a940: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6c69 6e75 782c 2020 Node: linux, \n+0002a950: 4e65 7874 3a20 6c69 6e75 7831 362c 2020 Next: linux16, \n+0002a960: 5072 6576 3a20 696e 6974 7264 3136 2c20 Prev: initrd16, \n+0002a970: 2055 703a 204c 6f61 6465 7220 636f 6d6d Up: Loader comm\n+0002a980: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e32 2e34 206c 696e ands..17.2.4 lin\n+0002a990: 7578 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ux.------------.\n+0002a9a0: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6c69 . -- Command: li\n+0002a9b0: 6e75 7820 6669 6c65 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 nux file .... \n+0002a9c0: 2020 4c6f 6164 2061 204c 696e 7578 206b Load a Linux k\n+0002a9d0: 6572 6e65 6c20 696d 6167 6520 6672 6f6d ernel image from\n+0002a9e0: 2046 494c 452e 2020 5468 6520 7265 7374 FILE. The rest\n+0002a9f0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 6c69 6e65 2069 730a of the line is.\n+0002aa00: 2020 2020 2070 6173 7365 6420 7665 7262 passed verb\n+0002aa10: 6174 696d 2061 7320 7468 6520 e280 9c6b atim as the ...k\n+0002aa20: 6572 6e65 6c20 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 ernel command-li\n+0002aa30: 6e65 e280 9d2e 2020 416e 7920 696e 6974 ne.... Any init\n+0002aa40: 7264 206d 7573 7420 6265 0a20 2020 2020 rd must be. \n+0002aa50: 7265 6c6f 6164 6564 2061 6674 6572 2075 reloaded after u\n+0002aa60: 7369 6e67 2074 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e sing this comman\n+0002aa70: 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 2069 6e69 7472 643a d (*note initrd:\n+0002aa80: 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4f6e 2078 3836 :)... On x86\n+0002aa90: 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2c20 7468 6520 6b65 systems, the ke\n+0002aaa0: 726e 656c 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2062 6f6f rnel will be boo\n+0002aab0: 7465 6420 7573 696e 6720 7468 6520 3332 ted using the 32\n+0002aac0: 2d62 6974 2062 6f6f 740a 2020 2020 2070 -bit boot. p\n+0002aad0: 726f 746f 636f 6c2e 2020 4e6f 7465 2074 rotocol. Note t\n+0002aae0: 6861 7420 7468 6973 206d 6561 6e73 2074 hat this means t\n+0002aaf0: 6861 7420 7468 6520 e280 9876 6761 3de2 hat the ...vga=.\n+0002ab00: 8099 2062 6f6f 7420 6f70 7469 6f6e 2077 .. boot option w\n+0002ab10: 696c 6c0a 2020 2020 206e 6f74 2077 6f72 ill. not wor\n+0002ab20: 6b3b 2069 6620 796f 7520 7761 6e74 2074 k; if you want t\n+0002ab30: 6f20 7365 7420 6120 7370 6563 6961 6c20 o set a special \n+0002ab40: 7669 6465 6f20 6d6f 6465 2c20 796f 7520 video mode, you \n+0002ab50: 7769 6c6c 206e 6565 6420 746f 0a20 2020 will need to. \n+0002ab60: 2020 7573 6520 4752 5542 2063 6f6d 6d61 use GRUB comma\n+0002ab70: 6e64 7320 7375 6368 2061 7320 e280 9873 nds such as ...s\n+0002ab80: 6574 2067 6678 7061 796c 6f61 643d 3130 et gfxpayload=10\n+0002ab90: 3234 7837 3638 e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 24x768... or ...\n+0002aba0: 7365 740a 2020 2020 2067 6678 7061 796c set. gfxpayl\n+0002abb0: 6f61 643d 6b65 6570 e280 9920 2874 6f20 oad=keep... (to \n+0002abc0: 6b65 6570 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6d6f keep the same mo\n+0002abd0: 6465 2061 7320 7573 6564 2069 6e20 4752 de as used in GR\n+0002abe0: 5542 2920 696e 7374 6561 642e 0a20 2020 UB) instead.. \n+0002abf0: 2020 4752 5542 2063 616e 2061 7574 6f6d GRUB can autom\n+0002ac00: 6174 6963 616c 6c79 2064 6574 6563 7420 atically detect \n+0002ac10: 736f 6d65 2075 7365 7320 6f66 20e2 8098 some uses of ...\n+0002ac20: 7667 613d e280 9920 616e 6420 7472 616e vga=... and tran\n+0002ac30: 736c 6174 650a 2020 2020 2074 6865 6d20 slate. them \n+0002ac40: 746f 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 2073 to appropriate s\n+0002ac50: 6574 7469 6e67 7320 6f66 20e2 8098 6766 ettings of ...gf\n+0002ac60: 7870 6179 6c6f 6164 e280 992e 2020 5468 xpayload.... Th\n+0002ac70: 6520 e280 986c 696e 7578 3136 e280 990a e ...linux16....\n+0002ac80: 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e command (*n\n+0002ac90: 6f74 6520 6c69 6e75 7831 363a 3a29 2061 ote linux16::) a\n+0002aca0: 766f 6964 7320 7468 6973 2072 6573 7472 voids this restr\n+0002acb0: 6963 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a iction.....File:\n+0002acc0: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+0002acd0: 653a 206c 696e 7578 3136 2c20 204e 6578 e: linux16, Nex\n+0002ace0: 743a 2078 656e 5f68 7970 6572 7669 736f t: xen_hyperviso\n+0002acf0: 722c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6c69 6e75 782c r, Prev: linux,\n+0002ad00: 2020 5570 3a20 4c6f 6164 6572 2063 6f6d Up: Loader com\n+0002ad10: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 322e 3520 6c69 mands..17.2.5 li\n+0002ad20: 6e75 7831 360a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d nux16.----------\n+0002ad30: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n+0002ad40: 643a 206c 696e 7578 3136 2066 696c 6520 d: linux16 file \n+0002ad50: 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 204c 6f61 6420 6120 .... Load a \n+0002ad60: 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 726e 656c 2069 6d61 Linux kernel ima\n+0002ad70: 6765 2066 726f 6d20 4649 4c45 2069 6e20 ge from FILE in \n+0002ad80: 3136 2d62 6974 206d 6f64 652e 2020 5468 16-bit mode. Th\n+0002ad90: 6520 7265 7374 206f 660a 2020 2020 2074 e rest of. t\n+0002ada0: 6865 206c 696e 6520 6973 2070 6173 7365 he line is passe\n+0002adb0: 6420 7665 7262 6174 696d 2061 7320 7468 d verbatim as th\n+0002adc0: 6520 e280 9c6b 6572 6e65 6c20 636f 6d6d e ...kernel comm\n+0002add0: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 e280 9d2e 2020 416e and-line.... An\n+0002ade0: 790a 2020 2020 2069 6e69 7472 6420 6d75 y. initrd mu\n+0002adf0: 7374 2062 6520 7265 6c6f 6164 6564 2061 st be reloaded a\n+0002ae00: 6674 6572 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6869 7320 fter using this \n+0002ae10: 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 command (*note. \n+0002ae20: 2020 2020 696e 6974 7264 3136 3a3a 292e initrd16::).\n+0002ae30: 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 206b 6572 6e65 .. The kerne\n+0002ae40: 6c20 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 626f 6f74 6564 l will be booted\n+0002ae50: 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 2074 7261 6469 using the tradi\n+0002ae60: 7469 6f6e 616c 2031 362d 6269 7420 626f tional 16-bit bo\n+0002ae70: 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c ot. protocol\n+0002ae80: 2e20 2041 7320 7765 6c6c 2061 7320 6279 . As well as by\n+0002ae90: 7061 7373 696e 6720 7072 6f62 6c65 6d73 passing problems\n+0002aea0: 2077 6974 6820 e280 9876 6761 3de2 8099 with ...vga=...\n+0002aeb0: 2064 6573 6372 6962 6564 2069 6e0a 2020 described in. \n+0002aec0: 2020 202a 6e6f 7465 206c 696e 7578 3a3a *note linux::\n+0002aed0: 2c20 7468 6973 2070 6572 6d69 7473 2062 , this permits b\n+0002aee0: 6f6f 7469 6e67 2073 6f6d 6520 6f74 6865 ooting some othe\n+0002aef0: 7220 7072 6f67 7261 6d73 2074 6861 740a r programs that.\n+0002af00: 2020 2020 2069 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 2074 implement t\n+0002af10: 6865 204c 696e 7578 2062 6f6f 7420 7072 he Linux boot pr\n+0002af20: 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2073 otocol for the s\n+0002af30: 616b 6520 6f66 2063 6f6e 7665 6e69 656e ake of convenien\n+0002af40: 6365 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 2063 ce... This c\n+0002af50: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 6f6e 6c79 2061 ommand is only a\n+0002af60: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 206f 6e20 7838 3620 vailable on x86 \n+0002af70: 7379 7374 656d 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 systems.....File\n+0002af80: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+0002af90: 6465 3a20 7865 6e5f 6879 7065 7276 6973 de: xen_hypervis\n+0002afa0: 6f72 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2078 656e 5f6d or, Next: xen_m\n+0002afb0: 6f64 756c 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6c69 odule, Prev: li\n+0002afc0: 6e75 7831 362c 2020 5570 3a20 4c6f 6164 nux16, Up: Load\n+0002afd0: 6572 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e er commands..17.\n+0002afe0: 322e 3620 7865 6e5f 6879 7065 7276 6973 2.6 xen_hypervis\n+0002aff0: 6f72 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d or.-------------\n+0002b000: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f --------.. -- Co\n+0002b010: 6d6d 616e 643a 2078 656e 5f68 7970 6572 mmand: xen_hyper\n+0002b020: 7669 736f 7220 6669 6c65 205b 6172 6775 visor file [argu\n+0002b030: 6d65 6e74 735d 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 ments] .... \n+0002b040: 4c6f 6164 2061 2058 656e 2068 7970 6572 Load a Xen hyper\n+0002b050: 7669 736f 7220 6269 6e61 7279 2066 726f visor binary fro\n+0002b060: 6d20 4649 4c45 2e20 2054 6865 2072 6573 m FILE. The res\n+0002b070: 7420 6f66 2074 6865 206c 696e 6520 6973 t of the line is\n+0002b080: 0a20 2020 2020 7061 7373 6564 2076 6572 . passed ver\n+0002b090: 6261 7469 6d20 6173 2074 6865 20e2 809c batim as the ...\n+0002b0a0: 6b65 726e 656c 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c kernel command-l\n+0002b0b0: 696e 65e2 809d 2e20 2041 6e79 206f 7468 ine.... Any oth\n+0002b0c0: 6572 2062 696e 6172 6965 730a 2020 2020 er binaries. \n+0002b0d0: 206d 7573 7420 6265 2072 656c 6f61 6465 must be reloade\n+0002b0e0: 6420 6166 7465 7220 7573 696e 6720 7468 d after using th\n+0002b0f0: 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2e20 2054 6869 is command. Thi\n+0002b100: 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 206f 6e6c s command is onl\n+0002b110: 790a 2020 2020 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 y. available\n+0002b120: 206f 6e20 4141 7263 6836 3420 7379 7374 on AArch64 syst\n+0002b130: 656d 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ems.....File: gr\n+0002b140: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+0002b150: 7865 6e5f 6d6f 6475 6c65 2c20 2050 7265 xen_module, Pre\n+0002b160: 763a 2078 656e 5f68 7970 6572 7669 736f v: xen_hyperviso\n+0002b170: 722c 2020 5570 3a20 4c6f 6164 6572 2063 r, Up: Loader c\n+0002b180: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 322e 3720 ommands..17.2.7 \n+0002b190: 7865 6e5f 6d6f 6475 6c65 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d xen_module.-----\n+0002b1a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n+0002b1b0: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2078 656e 5f6d - Command: xen_m\n+0002b1c0: 6f64 756c 6520 5b2d 2d6e 6f75 6e7a 6970 odule [--nounzip\n+0002b1d0: 5d20 6669 6c65 205b 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 ] file [argument\n+0002b1e0: 735d 0a20 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 2061 206d s]. Load a m\n+0002b1f0: 6f64 756c 6520 666f 7220 7865 6e20 6879 odule for xen hy\n+0002b200: 7065 7276 6973 6f72 2061 7420 7468 6520 pervisor at the \n+0002b210: 626f 6f74 696e 6720 7072 6f63 6573 7320 booting process \n+0002b220: 6f66 2078 656e 2e0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 of xen.. The\n+0002b230: 2072 6573 7420 6f66 2074 6865 206c 696e rest of the lin\n+0002b240: 6520 6973 2070 6173 7365 6420 7665 7262 e is passed verb\n+0002b250: 6174 696d 2061 7320 7468 6520 6d6f 6475 atim as the modu\n+0002b260: 6c65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 206c 696e 652e le command line.\n+0002b270: 0a20 2020 2020 4d6f 6475 6c65 7320 7368 . Modules sh\n+0002b280: 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 6c6f 6164 6564 2069 ould be loaded i\n+0002b290: 6e20 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 n the following \n+0002b2a0: 6f72 6465 723a 202d 2064 6f6d 3020 6b65 order: - dom0 ke\n+0002b2b0: 726e 656c 0a20 2020 2020 696d 6167 6520 rnel. image \n+0002b2c0: 2d20 646f 6d30 2072 616d 6469 736b 2069 - dom0 ramdisk i\n+0002b2d0: 6620 7072 6573 656e 7420 2d20 5853 4d20 f present - XSM \n+0002b2e0: 706f 6c69 6379 2069 6620 7072 6573 656e policy if presen\n+0002b2f0: 7420 5468 6973 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d6d t This. comm\n+0002b300: 616e 6420 6973 206f 6e6c 7920 6176 6169 and is only avai\n+0002b310: 6c61 626c 6520 6f6e 2041 4172 6368 3634 lable on AArch64\n+0002b320: 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c systems.....Fil\n+0002b330: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+0002b340: 6f64 653a 2047 656e 6572 616c 2063 6f6d ode: General com\n+0002b350: 6d61 6e64 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 436f mands, Next: Co\n+0002b360: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 mmand-line comma\n+0002b370: 6e64 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4c6f 6164 nds, Prev: Load\n+0002b380: 6572 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c 2020 5570 er commands, Up\n+0002b390: 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e33 : Commands..17.3\n+0002b3a0: 2047 656e 6572 616c 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 General command\n+0002b3b0: 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d s.==============\n+0002b3c0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a43 6f6d 6d61 6e64 =======..Command\n+0002b3d0: 7320 7573 6162 6c65 2061 6e79 7768 6572 s usable anywher\n+0002b3e0: 6520 696e 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 616e e in the menu an\n+0002b3f0: 6420 696e 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 d in the command\n+0002b400: 2d6c 696e 652e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a -line...* Menu:.\n+0002b410: 0a2a 2073 6572 6961 6c3a 3a20 2020 2020 .* serial:: \n+0002b420: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002b430: 2053 6574 2075 7020 6120 7365 7269 616c Set up a serial\n+0002b440: 2064 6576 6963 650a 2a20 7465 726d 696e device.* termin\n+0002b450: 616c 5f69 6e70 7574 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 al_input:: \n+0002b460: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4d61 6e61 6765 2069 Manage i\n+0002b470: 6e70 7574 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c73 0a2a nput terminals.*\n+0002b480: 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 6f75 7470 7574 terminal_output\n+0002b490: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204d :: M\n+0002b4a0: 616e 6167 6520 6f75 7470 7574 2074 6572 anage output ter\n+0002b4b0: 6d69 6e61 6c73 0a2a 2074 6572 6d69 6e66 minals.* terminf\n+0002b4c0: 6f3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 o:: \n+0002b4d0: 2020 2020 2020 2044 6566 696e 6520 7465 Define te\n+0002b4e0: 726d 696e 616c 2074 7970 650a 0a1f 0a46 rminal type....F\n+0002b4f0: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+0002b500: 204e 6f64 653a 2073 6572 6961 6c2c 2020 Node: serial, \n+0002b510: 4e65 7874 3a20 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f69 Next: terminal_i\n+0002b520: 6e70 7574 2c20 2055 703a 2047 656e 6572 nput, Up: Gener\n+0002b530: 616c 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e al commands..17.\n+0002b540: 332e 3120 7365 7269 616c 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 3.1 serial.-----\n+0002b550: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f --------.. -- Co\n+0002b560: 6d6d 616e 643a 2073 6572 6961 6c20 5b2d mmand: serial [-\n+0002b570: 2d75 6e69 743d 756e 6974 5d20 5b2d 2d70 -unit=unit] [--p\n+0002b580: 6f72 743d 706f 7274 5d20 5b2d 2d73 7065 ort=port] [--spe\n+0002b590: 6564 3d73 7065 6564 5d0a 2020 2020 2020 ed=speed]. \n+0002b5a0: 2020 2020 5b2d 2d77 6f72 643d 776f 7264 [--word=word\n+0002b5b0: 5d20 5b2d 2d70 6172 6974 793d 7061 7269 ] [--parity=pari\n+0002b5c0: 7479 5d20 5b2d 2d73 746f 703d 7374 6f70 ty] [--stop=stop\n+0002b5d0: 5d0a 2020 2020 2049 6e69 7469 616c 697a ]. Initializ\n+0002b5e0: 6520 6120 7365 7269 616c 2064 6576 6963 e a serial devic\n+0002b5f0: 652e 2020 554e 4954 2069 7320 6120 6e75 e. UNIT is a nu\n+0002b600: 6d62 6572 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7261 6e67 mber in the rang\n+0002b610: 6520 302d 330a 2020 2020 2073 7065 6369 e 0-3. speci\n+0002b620: 6679 696e 6720 7768 6963 6820 7365 7269 fying which seri\n+0002b630: 616c 2070 6f72 7420 746f 2075 7365 3b20 al port to use; \n+0002b640: 6465 6661 756c 7420 6973 2030 2c20 7768 default is 0, wh\n+0002b650: 6963 680a 2020 2020 2063 6f72 7265 7370 ich. corresp\n+0002b660: 6f6e 6473 2074 6f20 7468 6520 706f 7274 onds to the port\n+0002b670: 206f 6674 656e 2063 616c 6c65 6420 434f often called CO\n+0002b680: 4d31 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 504f 5254 2069 M1... PORT i\n+0002b690: 7320 7468 6520 492f 4f20 706f 7274 2077 s the I/O port w\n+0002b6a0: 6865 7265 2074 6865 2055 4152 5420 6973 here the UART is\n+0002b6b0: 2074 6f20 6265 2066 6f75 6e64 206f 722c to be found or,\n+0002b6c0: 2069 6620 7072 6566 6978 6564 0a20 2020 if prefixed. \n+0002b6d0: 2020 7769 7468 20e2 8098 6d6d 696f 2ce2 with ...mmio,.\n+0002b6e0: 8099 2c20 7468 6520 4d4d 494f 2061 6464 .., the MMIO add\n+0002b6f0: 7265 7373 206f 6620 7468 6520 5541 5254 ress of the UART\n+0002b700: 2e20 4966 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2069 . If specified i\n+0002b710: 7420 7461 6b65 730a 2020 2020 2070 7265 t takes. pre\n+0002b720: 6365 6465 6e63 6520 6f76 6572 2055 4e49 cedence over UNI\n+0002b730: 542e 0a0a 2020 2020 2041 6464 6974 696f T... Additio\n+0002b740: 6e61 6c6c 792c 2061 6e20 4d4d 494f 2061 nally, an MMIO a\n+0002b750: 6464 7265 7373 2063 616e 2062 6520 7375 ddress can be su\n+0002b760: 6666 6978 6564 2077 6974 683a 0a20 2020 ffixed with:. \n+0002b770: 2020 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 2e62 e280 ... ....b..\n+0002b780: 9920 666f 7220 6279 7465 7320 6163 6365 . for bytes acce\n+0002b790: 7373 2028 6465 6661 756c 7429 0a20 2020 ss (default). \n+0002b7a0: 2020 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 2e77 e280 ... ....w..\n+0002b7b0: 9920 666f 7220 3136 2d62 6974 2077 6f72 . for 16-bit wor\n+0002b7c0: 6420 6163 6365 7373 0a20 2020 2020 2020 d access. \n+0002b7d0: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 2e6c e280 9920 666f ... ....l... fo\n+0002b7e0: 7220 3332 2d62 6974 206c 6f6e 6720 776f r 32-bit long wo\n+0002b7f0: 7264 2061 6363 6573 7320 6f72 0a20 2020 rd access or. \n+0002b800: 2020 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 2e71 e280 ... ....q..\n+0002b810: 9920 666f 7220 3634 2d62 6974 206c 6f6e . for 64-bit lon\n+0002b820: 6720 6c6f 6e67 2077 6f72 6420 6163 6365 g long word acce\n+0002b830: 7373 0a0a 2020 2020 2041 6c73 6f2c 2050 ss.. Also, P\n+0002b840: 4f52 5420 6361 6e20 6265 206f 6620 7468 ORT can be of th\n+0002b850: 6520 666f 726d 20e2 8098 7063 692c 5858 e form ...pci,XX\n+0002b860: 3a58 582e 58e2 8099 2074 6f20 696e 6469 :XX.X... to indi\n+0002b870: 6361 7465 2061 2073 6572 6961 6c0a 2020 cate a serial. \n+0002b880: 2020 2064 6576 6963 6520 6578 706f 7365 device expose\n+0002b890: 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 2050 4349 2062 7573 d on the PCI bus\n+0002b8a0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5350 4545 4420 6973 ... SPEED is\n+0002b8b0: 2074 6865 2074 7261 6e73 6d69 7373 696f the transmissio\n+0002b8c0: 6e20 7370 6565 643b 2064 6566 6175 6c74 n speed; default\n+0002b8d0: 2069 7320 3936 3030 2e20 2057 4f52 4420 is 9600. WORD \n+0002b8e0: 616e 6420 5354 4f50 0a20 2020 2020 6172 and STOP. ar\n+0002b8f0: 6520 7468 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 e the number of \n+0002b900: 6461 7461 2062 6974 7320 616e 6420 7374 data bits and st\n+0002b910: 6f70 2062 6974 732e 2020 4461 7461 2062 op bits. Data b\n+0002b920: 6974 7320 6d75 7374 2062 6520 696e 0a20 its must be in. \n+0002b930: 2020 2020 7468 6520 7261 6e67 6520 352d the range 5-\n+0002b940: 3820 616e 6420 7374 6f70 2062 6974 7320 8 and stop bits \n+0002b950: 6d75 7374 2062 6520 3120 6f72 2032 2e20 must be 1 or 2. \n+0002b960: 2044 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 3820 6461 Default is 8 da\n+0002b970: 7461 2062 6974 730a 2020 2020 2061 6e64 ta bits. and\n+0002b980: 206f 6e65 2073 746f 7020 6269 742e 2020 one stop bit. \n+0002b990: 5041 5249 5459 2069 7320 6f6e 6520 6f66 PARITY is one of\n+0002b9a0: 20e2 8098 6e6f e280 992c 20e2 8098 6f64 ...no..., ...od\n+0002b9b0: 64e2 8099 2c20 e280 9865 7665 6ee2 8099 d..., ...even...\n+0002b9c0: 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 6465 6661 756c and. defaul\n+0002b9d0: 7473 2074 6f20 e280 986e 6fe2 8099 2e0a ts to ...no.....\n+0002b9e0: 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 7365 7269 616c . The serial\n+0002b9f0: 2070 6f72 7420 6973 206e 6f74 2075 7365 port is not use\n+0002ba00: 6420 6173 2061 2063 6f6d 6d75 6e69 6361 d as a communica\n+0002ba10: 7469 6f6e 2063 6861 6e6e 656c 2075 6e6c tion channel unl\n+0002ba20: 6573 7320 7468 650a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 ess the. ...\n+0002ba30: 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f69 6e70 7574 e280 terminal_input..\n+0002ba40: 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 7465 726d 696e 616c . or ...terminal\n+0002ba50: 5f6f 7574 7075 74e2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 _output... comma\n+0002ba60: 6e64 2069 7320 7573 6564 2028 2a6e 6f74 nd is used (*not\n+0002ba70: 650a 2020 2020 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f e. terminal_\n+0002ba80: 696e 7075 743a 3a2c 202a 6e6f 7465 2074 input::, *note t\n+0002ba90: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 6f75 7470 7574 3a3a erminal_output::\n+0002baa0: 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 204e 6f74 652c 2076 )... Note, v\n+0002bab0: 616c 6964 2050 4f52 5420 7661 6c75 6573 alid PORT values\n+0002bac0: 2c20 6578 636c 7564 696e 6720 494f 2070 , excluding IO p\n+0002bad0: 6f72 7420 6164 6472 6573 7365 732c 2063 ort addresses, c\n+0002bae0: 616e 2062 6520 666f 756e 640a 2020 2020 an be found. \n+0002baf0: 2062 7920 6c69 7374 696e 6720 7465 726d by listing term\n+0002bb00: 696e 616c 7320 7769 7468 20e2 8098 7465 inals with ...te\n+0002bb10: 726d 696e 616c 5f6f 7574 7075 74e2 8099 rminal_output...\n+0002bb20: 2c20 7365 6c65 6374 696e 6720 616c 6c20 , selecting all \n+0002bb30: 6e61 6d65 730a 2020 2020 2070 7265 6669 names. prefi\n+0002bb40: 7865 6420 6279 20e2 8098 7365 7269 616c xed by ...serial\n+0002bb50: 5fe2 8099 2061 6e64 2072 656d 6f76 696e _... and removin\n+0002bb60: 6720 7468 6174 2070 7265 6669 782e 0a0a g that prefix...\n+0002bb70: 2020 2020 2045 7861 6d70 6c65 733a 0a20 Examples:. \n+0002bb80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 6572 6961 6c20 serial \n+0002bb90: 2d2d 706f 7274 3d30 7833 6638 202d 2d73 --port=0x3f8 --s\n+0002bba0: 7065 6564 3d39 3630 300a 2020 2020 2020 peed=9600. \n+0002bbb0: 2020 2020 7365 7269 616c 202d 2d70 6f72 serial --por\n+0002bbc0: 743d 6d6d 696f 2c66 6566 6230 3030 302e t=mmio,fefb0000.\n+0002bbd0: 6c20 2d2d 7370 6565 643d 3131 3532 3030 l --speed=115200\n+0002bbe0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 6572 6961 . seria\n+0002bbf0: 6c20 2d2d 706f 7274 3d70 6369 2c30 303a l --port=pci,00:\n+0002bc00: 3136 2e33 202d 2d73 7065 6564 3d31 3135 16.3 --speed=115\n+0002bc10: 3230 300a 0a20 2020 2020 5365 6520 616c 200.. See al\n+0002bc20: 736f 202a 6e6f 7465 2053 6572 6961 6c20 so *note Serial \n+0002bc30: 7465 726d 696e 616c 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 terminal::.....F\n+0002bc40: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+0002bc50: 204e 6f64 653a 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f Node: terminal_\n+0002bc60: 696e 7075 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7465 input, Next: te\n+0002bc70: 726d 696e 616c 5f6f 7574 7075 742c 2020 rminal_output, \n+0002bc80: 5072 6576 3a20 7365 7269 616c 2c20 2055 Prev: serial, U\n+0002bc90: 703a 2047 656e 6572 616c 2063 6f6d 6d61 p: General comma\n+0002bca0: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 332e 3220 7465 726d nds..17.3.2 term\n+0002bcb0: 696e 616c 5f69 6e70 7574 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d inal_input.-----\n+0002bcc0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0002bcd0: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2074 .. -- Command: t\n+0002bce0: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 696e 7075 7420 5b2d erminal_input [-\n+0002bcf0: 2d61 7070 656e 647c 2d2d 7265 6d6f 7665 -append|--remove\n+0002bd00: 5d20 5b74 6572 6d69 6e61 6c31 5d20 5b74 ] [terminal1] [t\n+0002bd10: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c32 5d0a 2020 2020 2020 erminal2]. \n+0002bd20: 2020 2020 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 204c 6973 .... Lis\n+0002bd30: 7420 6f72 2073 656c 6563 7420 616e 2069 t or select an i\n+0002bd40: 6e70 7574 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2e 0a0a nput terminal...\n+0002bd50: 2020 2020 2057 6974 6820 6e6f 2061 7267 With no arg\n+0002bd60: 756d 656e 7473 2c20 6c69 7374 2074 6865 uments, list the\n+0002bd70: 2061 6374 6976 6520 616e 6420 6176 6169 active and avai\n+0002bd80: 6c61 626c 6520 696e 7075 7420 7465 726d lable input term\n+0002bd90: 696e 616c 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6974 inals... Wit\n+0002bda0: 6820 e280 982d 2d61 7070 656e 64e2 8099 h ...--append...\n+0002bdb0: 2c20 6164 6420 7468 6520 6e61 6d65 6420 , add the named \n+0002bdc0: 7465 726d 696e 616c 7320 746f 2074 6865 terminals to the\n+0002bdd0: 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2061 6374 6976 650a list of active.\n+0002bde0: 2020 2020 2069 6e70 7574 2074 6572 6d69 input termi\n+0002bdf0: 6e61 6c73 3b20 616e 7920 6f66 2074 6865 nals; any of the\n+0002be00: 7365 206d 6179 2062 6520 7573 6564 2074 se may be used t\n+0002be10: 6f20 7072 6f76 6964 6520 696e 7075 7420 o provide input \n+0002be20: 746f 2047 5255 422e 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 to GRUB... W\n+0002be30: 6974 6820 e280 982d 2d72 656d 6f76 65e2 ith ...--remove.\n+0002be40: 8099 2c20 7265 6d6f 7665 2074 6865 206e .., remove the n\n+0002be50: 616d 6564 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c73 2066 amed terminals f\n+0002be60: 726f 6d20 7468 6520 6163 7469 7665 206c rom the active l\n+0002be70: 6973 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6974 6820 ist... With \n+0002be80: 6e6f 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2062 7574 2061 no options but a\n+0002be90: 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 list of termina\n+0002bea0: 6c20 6e61 6d65 732c 206d 616b 6520 6f6e l names, make on\n+0002beb0: 6c79 2074 6865 206c 6973 7465 640a 2020 ly the listed. \n+0002bec0: 2020 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 6e61 6d65 terminal name\n+0002bed0: 7320 6163 7469 7665 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c s active.....Fil\n+0002bee0: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+0002bef0: 6f64 653a 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 6f75 ode: terminal_ou\n+0002bf00: 7470 7574 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2074 6572 tput, Next: ter\n+0002bf10: 6d69 6e66 6f2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7465 minfo, Prev: te\n+0002bf20: 726d 696e 616c 5f69 6e70 7574 2c20 2055 rminal_input, U\n+0002bf30: 703a 2047 656e 6572 616c 2063 6f6d 6d61 p: General comma\n+0002bf40: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 332e 3320 7465 726d nds..17.3.3 term\n+0002bf50: 696e 616c 5f6f 7574 7075 740a 2d2d 2d2d inal_output.----\n+0002bf60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0002bf70: 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a --.. -- Command:\n+0002bf80: 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 6f75 7470 7574 terminal_output\n+0002bf90: 205b 2d2d 6170 7065 6e64 7c2d 2d72 656d [--append|--rem\n+0002bfa0: 6f76 655d 205b 7465 726d 696e 616c 315d ove] [terminal1]\n+0002bfb0: 205b 7465 726d 696e 616c 325d 0a20 2020 [terminal2]. \n+0002bfc0: 2020 2020 2020 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 .... \n+0002bfd0: 4c69 7374 206f 7220 7365 6c65 6374 2061 List or select a\n+0002bfe0: 6e20 6f75 7470 7574 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 n output termina\n+0002bff0: 6c2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6974 6820 6e6f l... With no\n+0002c000: 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 2c20 6c69 7374 arguments, list\n+0002c010: 2074 6865 2061 6374 6976 6520 616e 6420 the active and \n+0002c020: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6f75 7470 7574 available output\n+0002c030: 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c73 2e0a 0a20 2020 terminals... \n+0002c040: 2020 5769 7468 20e2 8098 2d2d 6170 7065 With ...--appe\n+0002c050: 6e64 e280 992c 2061 6464 2074 6865 206e nd..., add the n\n+0002c060: 616d 6564 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c73 2074 amed terminals t\n+0002c070: 6f20 7468 6520 6c69 7374 206f 6620 6163 o the list of ac\n+0002c080: 7469 7665 0a20 2020 2020 6f75 7470 7574 tive. output\n+0002c090: 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c73 3b20 616c 6c20 terminals; all \n+0002c0a0: 6f66 2074 6865 7365 2077 696c 6c20 7265 of these will re\n+0002c0b0: 6365 6976 6520 6f75 7470 7574 2066 726f ceive output fro\n+0002c0c0: 6d20 4752 5542 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5769 m GRUB... Wi\n+0002c0d0: 7468 20e2 8098 2d2d 7265 6d6f 7665 e280 th ...--remove..\n+0002c0e0: 992c 2072 656d 6f76 6520 7468 6520 6e61 ., remove the na\n+0002c0f0: 6d65 6420 7465 726d 696e 616c 7320 6672 med terminals fr\n+0002c100: 6f6d 2074 6865 2061 6374 6976 6520 6c69 om the active li\n+0002c110: 7374 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5769 7468 206e st... With n\n+0002c120: 6f20 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 6275 7420 6120 o options but a \n+0002c130: 6c69 7374 206f 6620 7465 726d 696e 616c list of terminal\n+0002c140: 206e 616d 6573 2c20 6d61 6b65 206f 6e6c names, make onl\n+0002c150: 7920 7468 6520 6c69 7374 6564 0a20 2020 y the listed. \n+0002c160: 2020 7465 726d 696e 616c 206e 616d 6573 terminal names\n+0002c170: 2061 6374 6976 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 active.....File\n+0002c180: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+0002c190: 6465 3a20 7465 726d 696e 666f 2c20 2050 de: terminfo, P\n+0002c1a0: 7265 763a 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 6f75 rev: terminal_ou\n+0002c1b0: 7470 7574 2c20 2055 703a 2047 656e 6572 tput, Up: Gener\n+0002c1c0: 616c 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e al commands..17.\n+0002c1d0: 332e 3420 7465 726d 696e 666f 0a2d 2d2d 3.4 terminfo.---\n+0002c1e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n+0002c1f0: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2074 6572 6d69 - Command: termi\n+0002c200: 6e66 6f20 5b2d 617c 2d75 7c2d 765d 205b nfo [-a|-u|-v] [\n+0002c210: 2d67 2057 7848 5d20 5b74 6572 6d5d 205b -g WxH] [term] [\n+0002c220: 7479 7065 5d0a 2020 2020 2044 6566 696e type]. Defin\n+0002c230: 6520 7468 6520 6361 7061 6269 6c69 7469 e the capabiliti\n+0002c240: 6573 206f 6620 796f 7572 2074 6572 6d69 es of your termi\n+0002c250: 6e61 6c20 6279 2067 6976 696e 6720 7468 nal by giving th\n+0002c260: 6520 6e61 6d65 206f 6620 616e 0a20 2020 e name of an. \n+0002c270: 2020 656e 7472 7920 696e 2074 6865 2074 entry in the t\n+0002c280: 6572 6d69 6e66 6f20 6461 7461 6261 7365 erminfo database\n+0002c290: 2c20 7768 6963 6820 7368 6f75 6c64 2063 , which should c\n+0002c2a0: 6f72 7265 7370 6f6e 6420 726f 7567 686c orrespond roughl\n+0002c2b0: 7920 746f 0a20 2020 2020 6120 e280 9854 y to. a ...T\n+0002c2c0: 4552 4de2 8099 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 ERM... environme\n+0002c2d0: 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 696e 2055 nt variable in U\n+0002c2e0: 6e69 782e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2063 nix... The c\n+0002c2f0: 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 2061 7661 696c 6162 urrently availab\n+0002c300: 6c65 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 7479 7065 le terminal type\n+0002c310: 7320 6172 6520 e280 9876 7431 3030 e280 s are ...vt100..\n+0002c320: 992c 20e2 8098 7674 3130 302d 636f 6c6f ., ...vt100-colo\n+0002c330: 72e2 8099 2c0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6965 r...,. ...ie\n+0002c340: 6565 3132 3735 e280 992c 2061 6e64 20e2 ee1275..., and .\n+0002c350: 8098 6475 6d62 e280 992e 2020 4966 2079 ..dumb.... If y\n+0002c360: 6f75 206e 6565 6420 6f74 6865 7220 7465 ou need other te\n+0002c370: 726d 696e 616c 2074 7970 6573 2c20 706c rminal types, pl\n+0002c380: 6561 7365 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e74 6163 ease. contac\n+0002c390: 7420 7573 2074 6f20 6469 7363 7573 7320 t us to discuss \n+0002c3a0: 7468 6520 6265 7374 2077 6179 2074 6f20 the best way to \n+0002c3b0: 696e 636c 7564 6520 7375 7070 6f72 7420 include support \n+0002c3c0: 666f 7220 7468 6573 6520 696e 0a20 2020 for these in. \n+0002c3d0: 2020 4752 5542 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 GRUB... Th\n+0002c3e0: 6520 e280 982d 61e2 8099 2028 e280 982d e ...-a... (...-\n+0002c3f0: 2d61 7363 6969 e280 9929 2c20 e280 982d -ascii...), ...-\n+0002c400: 75e2 8099 2028 e280 982d 2d75 7466 38e2 u... (...--utf8.\n+0002c410: 8099 292c 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 2d76 e280 ..), and ...-v..\n+0002c420: 9920 28e2 8098 2d2d 7669 7375 616c 2d75 . (...--visual-u\n+0002c430: 7466 38e2 8099 290a 2020 2020 206f 7074 tf8...). opt\n+0002c440: 696f 6e73 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2068 6f77 ions control how\n+0002c450: 206e 6f6e 2d41 5343 4949 2074 6578 7420 non-ASCII text \n+0002c460: 6973 2064 6973 706c 6179 6564 2e20 20e2 is displayed. .\n+0002c470: 8098 2d61 e280 9920 7370 6563 6966 6965 ..-a... specifie\n+0002c480: 7320 616e 0a20 2020 2020 4153 4349 492d s an. 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The ...\n+0002c5e0: 2d67 e280 9920 28e2 8098 2d2d 6765 6f6d -g... (...--geom\n+0002c5f0: 6574 7279 e280 9929 2063 616e 2062 6520 etry...) can be \n+0002c600: 7573 6564 2074 6f20 7370 6563 6966 7920 used to specify \n+0002c610: 7465 726d 696e 616c 2067 656f 6d65 7472 terminal geometr\n+0002c620: 792e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 6e6f 206f y... 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\n-0002d180: 2020 2020 204c 6f61 6420 666f 6e74 2066 Load font f\n-0002d190: 696c 6573 0a2a 206c 6f6f 7062 6163 6b3a iles.* loopback:\n-0002d1a0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0002d1b0: 2020 2020 204d 616b 6520 6120 6465 7669 Make a devi\n-0002d1c0: 6365 2066 726f 6d20 6120 6669 6c65 7379 ce from a filesy\n-0002d1d0: 7374 656d 2069 6d61 6765 0a2a 206c 733a stem image.* ls:\n-0002d1e0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0002d1f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c 6973 7420 List \n-0002d200: 6465 7669 6365 7320 6f72 2066 696c 6573 devices or files\n-0002d210: 0a2a 206c 7366 6f6e 7473 3a3a 2020 2020 .* lsfonts:: \n-0002d220: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002d230: 204c 6973 7420 6c6f 6164 6564 2066 6f6e List loaded fon\n-0002d240: 7473 0a2a 206c 736d 6f64 3a3a 2020 2020 ts.* lsmod:: \n-0002d250: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002d260: 2020 2053 686f 7720 6c6f 6164 6564 206d Show loaded m\n-0002d270: 6f64 756c 6573 0a2a 206d 6435 7375 6d3a odules.* md5sum:\n-0002d280: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0002d290: 2020 2020 2020 2043 6f6d 7075 7465 206f Compute o\n-0002d2a0: 7220 6368 6563 6b20 4d44 3520 6861 7368 r check MD5 hash\n-0002d2b0: 0a2a 206d 6f64 756c 653a 3a20 2020 2020 .* module:: \n-0002d2c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002d2d0: 204c 6f61 6420 6d6f 6475 6c65 2066 6f72 Load module for\n-0002d2e0: 206d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 206b 6572 6e65 multiboot kerne\n-0002d2f0: 6c0a 2a20 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 743a 3a20 l.* multiboot:: \n-0002d300: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002d310: 2020 4c6f 6164 206d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 Load multiboot\n-0002d320: 2063 6f6d 706c 6961 6e74 206b 6572 6e65 compliant kerne\n-0002d330: 6c0a 2a20 6e61 7469 7665 6469 736b 3a3a l.* nativedisk::\n-0002d340: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002d350: 2020 5377 6974 6368 2074 6f20 6e61 7469 Switch to nati\n-0002d360: 7665 2064 6973 6b20 6472 6976 6572 730a ve disk drivers.\n-0002d370: 2a20 6e6f 726d 616c 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 * normal:: \n-0002d380: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002d390: 456e 7465 7220 6e6f 726d 616c 206d 6f64 Enter normal mod\n-0002d3a0: 650a 2a20 6e6f 726d 616c 5f65 7869 743a e.* normal_exit:\n-0002d3b0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0002d3c0: 2020 4578 6974 2066 726f 6d20 6e6f 726d Exit from norm\n-0002d3d0: 616c 206d 6f64 650a 2a20 7061 7274 746f al mode.* partto\n-0002d3e0: 6f6c 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ol:: \n-0002d3f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4d6f 6469 6679 2070 Modify p\n-0002d400: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2074 6162 6c65 2065 artition table e\n-0002d410: 6e74 7269 6573 0a2a 2070 6173 7377 6f72 ntries.* passwor\n-0002d420: 643a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 d:: \n-0002d430: 2020 2020 2020 2053 6574 2061 2063 6c65 Set a cle\n-0002d440: 6172 2d74 6578 7420 7061 7373 776f 7264 ar-text password\n-0002d450: 0a2a 2070 6173 7377 6f72 645f 7062 6b64 .* password_pbkd\n-0002d460: 6632 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 f2:: \n-0002d470: 2053 6574 2061 2068 6173 6865 6420 7061 Set a hashed pa\n-0002d480: 7373 776f 7264 0a2a 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f ssword.* plainmo\n-0002d490: 756e 743a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 unt:: \n-0002d4a0: 2020 2020 2020 204f 7065 6e20 6465 7669 Open devi\n-0002d4b0: 6365 2065 6e63 7279 7074 6564 2069 6e20 ce encrypted in \n-0002d4c0: 706c 6169 6e20 6d6f 6465 0a2a 2070 6c61 plain mode.* pla\n-0002d4d0: 793a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 y:: \n-0002d4e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2050 6c61 7920 Play \n-0002d4f0: 6120 7475 6e65 0a2a 2070 726f 6265 3a3a a tune.* probe::\n-0002d500: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002d510: 2020 2020 2020 2052 6574 7269 6576 6520 Retrieve \n-0002d520: 6465 7669 6365 2069 6e66 6f0a 2a20 7264 device info.* rd\n-0002d530: 6d73 723a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 msr:: \n-0002d540: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5265 6164 Read\n-0002d550: 2076 616c 7565 7320 6672 6f6d 206d 6f64 values from mod\n-0002d560: 656c 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 7265 6769 el-specific regi\n-0002d570: 7374 6572 730a 2a20 7265 6164 3a3a 2020 sters.* read:: \n-0002d580: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002d590: 2020 2020 2020 5265 6164 2075 7365 7220 Read user \n-0002d5a0: 696e 7075 740a 2a20 7265 626f 6f74 3a3a input.* reboot::\n-0002d5b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002d5c0: 2020 2020 2020 5265 626f 6f74 2079 6f75 Reboot you\n-0002d5d0: 7220 636f 6d70 7574 6572 0a2a 2072 6567 r computer.* reg\n-0002d5e0: 6578 703a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 exp:: \n-0002d5f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 6573 7420 Test \n-0002d600: 6966 2072 6567 756c 6172 2065 7870 7265 if regular expre\n-0002d610: 7373 696f 6e20 6d61 7463 6865 7320 7374 ssion matches st\n-0002d620: 7269 6e67 0a2a 2072 6d6d 6f64 3a3a 2020 ring.* rmmod:: \n-0002d630: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002d640: 2020 2020 2052 656d 6f76 6520 6120 6d6f Remove a mo\n-0002d650: 6475 6c65 0a2a 2073 6176 655f 656e 763a dule.* save_env:\n-0002d660: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0002d670: 2020 2020 2053 6176 6520 7661 7269 6162 Save variab\n-0002d680: 6c65 7320 746f 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 les to environme\n-0002d690: 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 0a2a 2073 6561 7263 nt block.* searc\n-0002d6a0: 683a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 h:: \n-0002d6b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 6561 7263 6820 Search \n-0002d6c0: 6465 7669 6365 7320 6279 2066 696c 652c devices by file,\n-0002d6d0: 206c 6162 656c 2c20 6f72 2055 5549 440a label, or UUID.\n-0002d6e0: 2a20 7365 6e64 6b65 793a 3a20 2020 2020 * sendkey:: \n-0002d6f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002d700: 456d 756c 6174 6520 6b65 7973 7472 6f6b Emulate keystrok\n-0002d710: 6573 0a2a 2073 6574 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 es.* set:: \n-0002d720: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002d730: 2020 2053 6574 2061 6e20 656e 7669 726f Set an enviro\n-0002d740: 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 0a2a nment variable.*\n-0002d750: 2073 6861 3173 756d 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 sha1sum:: \n-0002d760: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2043 C\n-0002d770: 6f6d 7075 7465 206f 7220 6368 6563 6b20 ompute or check \n-0002d780: 5348 4131 2068 6173 680a 2a20 7368 6132 SHA1 hash.* sha2\n-0002d790: 3536 7375 6d3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 56sum:: \n-0002d7a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 436f 6d70 7574 Comput\n-0002d7b0: 6520 6f72 2063 6865 636b 2053 4841 3235 e or check SHA25\n-0002d7c0: 3620 6861 7368 0a2a 2073 6861 3531 3273 6 hash.* sha512s\n-0002d7d0: 756d 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 um:: \n-0002d7e0: 2020 2020 2020 2043 6f6d 7075 7465 206f Compute o\n-0002d7f0: 7220 6368 6563 6b20 5348 4135 3132 2068 r check SHA512 h\n-0002d800: 6173 680a 2a20 736c 6565 703a 3a20 2020 ash.* sleep:: \n-0002d810: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002d820: 2020 2020 5761 6974 2066 6f72 2061 2073 Wait for a s\n-0002d830: 7065 6369 6669 6564 206e 756d 6265 7220 pecified number \n-0002d840: 6f66 2073 6563 6f6e 6473 0a2a 2073 6d62 of seconds.* smb\n-0002d850: 696f 733a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ios:: \n-0002d860: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2052 6574 7269 Retri\n-0002d870: 6576 6520 534d 4249 4f53 2069 6e66 6f72 eve SMBIOS infor\n-0002d880: 6d61 7469 6f6e 0a2a 2073 6f75 7263 653a mation.* source:\n-0002d890: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0002d8a0: 2020 2020 2020 2052 6561 6420 6120 636f Read a co\n-0002d8b0: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 nfiguration file\n-0002d8c0: 2069 6e20 7361 6d65 2063 6f6e 7465 7874 in same context\n-0002d8d0: 0a2a 2074 6573 743a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 .* test:: \n-0002d8e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002d8f0: 2043 6865 636b 2066 696c 6520 7479 7065 Check file type\n-0002d900: 7320 616e 6420 636f 6d70 6172 6520 7661 s and compare va\n-0002d910: 6c75 6573 0a2a 2074 7275 653a 3a20 2020 lues.* true:: \n-0002d920: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002d930: 2020 2020 2044 6f20 6e6f 7468 696e 672c Do nothing,\n-0002d940: 2073 7563 6365 7373 6675 6c6c 790a 2a20 successfully.* \n-0002d950: 7472 7573 743a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 trust:: \n-0002d960: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4164 Ad\n-0002d970: 6420 7075 626c 6963 206b 6579 2074 6f20 d public key to \n-0002d980: 6c69 7374 206f 6620 7472 7573 7465 6420 list of trusted \n-0002d990: 6b65 7973 0a2a 2075 6e73 6574 3a3a 2020 keys.* unset:: \n-0002d9a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002d9b0: 2020 2020 2055 6e73 6574 2061 6e20 656e Unset an en\n-0002d9c0: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 vironment variab\n-0002d9d0: 6c65 0a2a 2076 6572 6966 795f 6465 7461 le.* verify_deta\n-0002d9e0: 6368 6564 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ched:: \n-0002d9f0: 2020 2056 6572 6966 7920 6465 7461 6368 Verify detach\n-0002da00: 6564 2064 6967 6974 616c 2073 6967 6e61 ed digital signa\n-0002da10: 7475 7265 0a2a 2076 6964 656f 696e 666f ture.* videoinfo\n-0002da20: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n-0002da30: 2020 2020 204c 6973 7420 6176 6169 6c61 List availa\n-0002da40: 626c 6520 7669 6465 6f20 6d6f 6465 730a ble video modes.\n-0002da50: 2a20 7772 6d73 723a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 * wrmsr:: \n-0002da60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002da70: 5772 6974 6520 7661 6c75 6573 2074 6f20 Write values to \n-0002da80: 6d6f 6465 6c2d 7370 6563 6966 6963 2072 model-specific r\n-0002da90: 6567 6973 7465 7273 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 egisters....File\n-0002daa0: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-0002dab0: 6465 3a20 5b2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6163 de: [, Next: ac\n-0002dac0: 7069 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 pi, Up: Command\n-0002dad0: 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a -line commands..\n-0002dae0: 3137 2e34 2e31 205b 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 17.4.1 [.-------\n-0002daf0: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n-0002db00: 5b20 6578 7072 6573 7369 6f6e 205d 0a20 [ expression ]. \n-0002db10: 2020 2020 416c 6961 7320 666f 7220 e280 Alias for ..\n-0002db20: 9874 6573 7420 4558 5052 4553 5349 4f4e .test EXPRESSION\n-0002db30: e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2074 6573 743a ... (*note test:\n-0002db40: 3a29 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 :).....File: gru\n-0002db50: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2061 b.info, Node: a\n-0002db60: 6370 692c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6175 7468 cpi, Next: auth\n-0002db70: 656e 7469 6361 7465 2c20 2050 7265 763a enticate, Prev:\n-0002db80: 205b 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 [, Up: Command\n-0002db90: 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a -line commands..\n-0002dba0: 3137 2e34 2e32 2061 6370 690a 2d2d 2d2d 17.4.2 acpi.----\n-0002dbb0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n-0002dbc0: 6d61 6e64 3a20 6163 7069 205b 2d31 7c2d mand: acpi [-1|-\n-0002dbd0: 325d 205b 2d2d 6578 636c 7564 653d 7461 2] [--exclude=ta\n-0002dbe0: 626c 6531 2c2e 2e2e 7c2d 2d6c 6f61 642d ble1,...|--load-\n-0002dbf0: 6f6e 6c79 3d74 6162 6c65 312c 2e2e 2e5d only=table1,...]\n-0002dc00: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 205b 2d2d 6f65 . [--oe\n-0002dc10: 6d69 643d 6964 5d20 5b2d 2d6f 656d 7461 mid=id] [--oemta\n-0002dc20: 626c 653d 7461 626c 655d 205b 2d2d 6f65 ble=table] [--oe\n-0002dc30: 6d74 6162 6c65 7265 763d 7265 765d 0a20 mtablerev=rev]. \n-0002dc40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 205b 2d2d 6f65 6d74 [--oemt\n-0002dc50: 6162 6c65 6372 6561 746f 723d 6372 6561 ablecreator=crea\n-0002dc60: 746f 725d 205b 2d2d 6f65 6d74 6162 6c65 tor] [--oemtable\n-0002dc70: 6372 6561 746f 7272 6576 3d72 6576 5d0a creatorrev=rev].\n-0002dc80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5b2d 2d6e 6f2d [--no-\n-0002dc90: 6562 6461 5d20 6669 6c65 6e61 6d65 202e ebda] filename .\n-0002dca0: 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 4d6f 6465 726e 2042 ... Modern B\n-0002dcb0: 494f 5320 7379 7374 656d 7320 6e6f 726d IOS systems norm\n-0002dcc0: 616c 6c79 2069 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 2074 ally implement t\n-0002dcd0: 6865 2041 6476 616e 6365 6420 436f 6e66 he Advanced Conf\n-0002dce0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 2061 iguration. a\n-0002dcf0: 6e64 2050 6f77 6572 2049 6e74 6572 6661 nd Power Interfa\n-0002dd00: 6365 2028 4143 5049 292c 2061 6e64 2064 ce (ACPI), and d\n-0002dd10: 6566 696e 6520 7661 7269 6f75 7320 7461 efine various ta\n-0002dd20: 626c 6573 2074 6861 7420 6465 7363 7269 bles that descri\n-0002dd30: 6265 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 696e 7465 be. the inte\n-0002dd40: 7266 6163 6520 6265 7477 6565 6e20 616e rface between an\n-0002dd50: 2041 4350 492d 636f 6d70 6c69 616e 7420 ACPI-compliant \n-0002dd60: 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d operating system\n-0002dd70: 2061 6e64 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6669 and the. fi\n-0002dd80: 726d 7761 7265 2e20 2049 6e20 736f 6d65 rmware. In some\n-0002dd90: 2063 6173 6573 2c20 7468 6520 7461 626c cases, the tabl\n-0002dda0: 6573 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 6279 2064 es provided by d\n-0002ddb0: 6566 6175 6c74 206f 6e6c 7920 776f 726b efault only work\n-0002ddc0: 0a20 2020 2020 7765 6c6c 2077 6974 6820 . well with \n-0002ddd0: 6365 7274 6169 6e20 6f70 6572 6174 696e certain operatin\n-0002dde0: 6720 7379 7374 656d 732c 2061 6e64 2069 g systems, and i\n-0002ddf0: 7420 6d61 7920 6265 206e 6563 6573 7361 t may be necessa\n-0002de00: 7279 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2072 6570 6c61 ry to. repla\n-0002de10: 6365 2073 6f6d 6520 6f66 2074 6865 6d2e ce some of them.\n-0002de20: 0a0a 2020 2020 204e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 792c .. Normally,\n-0002de30: 2074 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 7769 this command wi\n-0002de40: 6c6c 2072 6570 6c61 6365 2074 6865 2052 ll replace the R\n-0002de50: 6f6f 7420 5379 7374 656d 2044 6573 6372 oot System Descr\n-0002de60: 6970 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 506f 696e iption. Poin\n-0002de70: 7465 7220 2852 5344 5029 2069 6e20 7468 ter (RSDP) in th\n-0002de80: 6520 4578 7465 6e64 6564 2042 494f 5320 e Extended BIOS \n-0002de90: 4461 7461 2041 7265 6120 746f 2070 6f69 Data Area to poi\n-0002dea0: 6e74 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6e65 770a 2020 nt to the new. \n-0002deb0: 2020 2074 6162 6c65 732e 2020 4966 2074 tables. If t\n-0002dec0: 6865 20e2 8098 2d2d 6e6f 2d65 6264 61e2 he ...--no-ebda.\n-0002ded0: 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6973 2075 7365 .. option is use\n-0002dee0: 642c 2074 6865 206e 6577 2074 6162 6c65 d, the new table\n-0002def0: 7320 7769 6c6c 2062 650a 2020 2020 206b s will be. k\n-0002df00: 6e6f 776e 206f 6e6c 7920 746f 2047 5255 nown only to GRU\n-0002df10: 422c 2062 7574 206d 6179 2062 6520 7573 B, but may be us\n-0002df20: 6564 2062 7920 4752 5542 2773 2045 4649 ed by GRUB's EFI\n-0002df30: 2065 6d75 6c61 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 emulation... \n-0002df40: 2020 4e6f 7465 3a20 5468 6520 636f 6d6d Note: The comm\n-0002df50: 616e 6420 6973 206e 6f74 2061 6c6c 6f77 and is not allow\n-0002df60: 6564 2077 6865 6e20 6c6f 636b 646f 776e ed when lockdown\n-0002df70: 2069 7320 656e 666f 7263 6564 2028 2a6e is enforced (*n\n-0002df80: 6f74 650a 2020 2020 204c 6f63 6b64 6f77 ote. Lockdow\n-0002df90: 6e3a 3a29 2e20 204f 7468 6572 7769 7365 n::). Otherwise\n-0002dfa0: 2061 6e20 6174 7461 636b 6572 2063 616e an attacker can\n-0002dfb0: 2069 6e73 7472 7563 7420 7468 6520 4752 instruct the GR\n-0002dfc0: 5542 2074 6f20 6c6f 6164 0a20 2020 2020 UB to load. \n-0002dfd0: 616e 2053 5344 5420 7461 626c 6520 746f an SSDT table to\n-0002dfe0: 206f 7665 7277 7269 7465 2074 6865 206b overwrite the k\n-0002dff0: 6572 6e65 6c20 6c6f 636b 646f 776e 2063 ernel lockdown c\n-0002e000: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2061 6e64 onfiguration and\n-0002e010: 0a20 2020 2020 6c61 7465 7220 6c6f 6164 . later load\n-0002e020: 2061 6e64 2065 7865 6375 7465 2075 6e73 and execute uns\n-0002e030: 6967 6e65 6420 636f 6465 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 igned code.....F\n-0002e040: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-0002e050: 204e 6f64 653a 2061 7574 6865 6e74 6963 Node: authentic\n-0002e060: 6174 652c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6261 636b ate, Next: back\n-0002e070: 6772 6f75 6e64 5f63 6f6c 6f72 2c20 2050 ground_color, P\n-0002e080: 7265 763a 2061 6370 692c 2020 5570 3a20 rev: acpi, Up: \n-0002e090: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d Command-line com\n-0002e0a0: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3320 6175 mands..17.4.3 au\n-0002e0b0: 7468 656e 7469 6361 7465 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d thenticate.-----\n-0002e0c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n-0002e0d0: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2061 7574 -- Command: aut\n-0002e0e0: 6865 6e74 6963 6174 6520 5b75 7365 726c henticate [userl\n-0002e0f0: 6973 745d 0a20 2020 2020 4368 6563 6b20 ist]. Check \n-0002e100: 7768 6574 6865 7220 7573 6572 2069 7320 whether user is \n-0002e110: 696e 2055 5345 524c 4953 5420 6f72 206c in USERLIST or l\n-0002e120: 6973 7465 6420 696e 2074 6865 2076 616c isted in the val\n-0002e130: 7565 206f 660a 2020 2020 2076 6172 6961 ue of. varia\n-0002e140: 626c 6520 e280 9873 7570 6572 7573 6572 ble ...superuser\n-0002e150: 73e2 8099 2e20 2053 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 s.... See *note\n-0002e160: 2073 7570 6572 7573 6572 733a 3a20 666f superusers:: fo\n-0002e170: 7220 7661 6c69 6420 7573 6572 206c 6973 r valid user lis\n-0002e180: 740a 2020 2020 2066 6f72 6d61 742e 2020 t. format. \n-0002e190: 4966 20e2 8098 7375 7065 7275 7365 7273 If ...superusers\n-0002e1a0: e280 9920 6973 2065 6d70 7479 2c20 7468 ... is empty, th\n-0002e1b0: 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2072 6574 7572 is command retur\n-0002e1c0: 6e73 2074 7275 652e 0a20 2020 2020 2a4e ns true.. *N\n-0002e1d0: 6f74 6520 5365 6375 7269 7479 3a3a 2e0a ote Security::..\n-0002e1e0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-0002e1f0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2062 6163 6b67 fo, Node: backg\n-0002e200: 726f 756e 645f 636f 6c6f 722c 2020 4e65 round_color, Ne\n-0002e210: 7874 3a20 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 5f69 xt: background_i\n-0002e220: 6d61 6765 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2061 7574 mage, Prev: aut\n-0002e230: 6865 6e74 6963 6174 652c 2020 5570 3a20 henticate, Up: \n-0002e240: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d Command-line com\n-0002e250: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3420 6261 mands..17.4.4 ba\n-0002e260: 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 5f63 6f6c 6f72 0a2d ckground_color.-\n-0002e270: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0002e280: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n-0002e290: 616e 643a 2062 6163 6b67 726f 756e 645f and: background_\n-0002e2a0: 636f 6c6f 7220 636f 6c6f 720a 2020 2020 color color. \n-0002e2b0: 2053 6574 2062 6163 6b67 726f 756e 6420 Set background \n-0002e2c0: 636f 6c6f 7220 666f 7220 6163 7469 7665 color for active\n-0002e2d0: 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2e 2020 466f 7220 terminal. For \n-0002e2e0: 7661 6c69 6420 636f 6c6f 720a 2020 2020 valid color. \n-0002e2f0: 2073 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 7320 specifications \n-0002e300: 7365 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 436f 6c6f 7273 see *note Colors\n-0002e310: 3a20 5468 656d 6520 6669 6c65 2066 6f72 : Theme file for\n-0002e320: 6d61 742e 2020 4261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 mat. Background\n-0002e330: 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6c6f 7220 6361 6e20 . color can \n-0002e340: 6265 2063 6861 6e67 6564 206f 6e6c 7920 be changed only \n-0002e350: 7768 656e 2075 7369 6e67 20e2 8098 6766 when using ...gf\n-0002e360: 7874 6572 6de2 8099 2066 6f72 2074 6572 xterm... for ter\n-0002e370: 6d69 6e61 6c20 6f75 7470 7574 2e0a 0a20 minal output... \n-0002e380: 2020 2020 5468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 This command\n-0002e390: 2073 6574 7320 636f 6c6f 7220 6f66 2065 sets color of e\n-0002e3a0: 6d70 7479 2061 7265 6173 2077 6974 686f mpty areas witho\n-0002e3b0: 7574 2074 6578 742e 2020 5465 7874 0a20 ut text. Text. \n-0002e3c0: 2020 2020 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 2063 background c\n-0002e3d0: 6f6c 6f72 2069 7320 636f 6e74 726f 6c6c olor is controll\n-0002e3e0: 6564 2062 7920 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e ed by environmen\n-0002e3f0: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 2020 2020 t variables. \n-0002e400: 2043 4f4c 4f52 5f4e 4f52 4d41 4c2c 2043 COLOR_NORMAL, C\n-0002e410: 4f4c 4f52 5f48 4947 484c 4947 4854 2c20 OLOR_HIGHLIGHT, \n-0002e420: 4d45 4e55 5f43 4f4c 4f52 5f4e 4f52 4d41 MENU_COLOR_NORMA\n-0002e430: 4c2c 0a20 2020 2020 4d45 4e55 5f43 4f4c L,. MENU_COL\n-0002e440: 4f52 5f48 4947 484c 4947 4854 2e20 202a OR_HIGHLIGHT. *\n-0002e450: 4e6f 7465 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 Note Special env\n-0002e460: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c ironment variabl\n-0002e470: 6573 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 es::.....File: g\n-0002e480: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-0002e490: 2062 6163 6b67 726f 756e 645f 696d 6167 background_imag\n-0002e4a0: 652c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6261 6472 616d e, Next: badram\n-0002e4b0: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2062 6163 6b67 726f , Prev: backgro\n-0002e4c0: 756e 645f 636f 6c6f 722c 2020 5570 3a20 und_color, Up: \n-0002e4d0: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d Command-line com\n-0002e4e0: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3520 6261 mands..17.4.5 ba\n-0002e4f0: 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 5f69 6d61 6765 0a2d ckground_image.-\n-0002e500: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0002e510: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n-0002e520: 616e 643a 2062 6163 6b67 726f 756e 645f and: background_\n-0002e530: 696d 6167 6520 5b5b 2d2d 6d6f 6465 2073 image [[--mode s\n-0002e540: 7472 6574 6368 7c6e 6f72 6d61 6c5d 2066 tretch|normal] f\n-0002e550: 696c 655d 0a20 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 2062 ile]. Load b\n-0002e560: 6163 6b67 726f 756e 6420 696d 6167 6520 ackground image \n-0002e570: 666f 7220 6163 7469 7665 2074 6572 6d69 for active termi\n-0002e580: 6e61 6c20 6672 6f6d 2046 494c 452e 2020 nal from FILE. \n-0002e590: 496d 6167 6520 6973 0a20 2020 2020 7374 Image is. st\n-0002e5a0: 7265 7463 6865 6420 746f 2066 696c 6c20 retched to fill \n-0002e5b0: 7570 2065 6e74 6972 6520 7363 7265 656e up entire screen\n-0002e5c0: 2075 6e6c 6573 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 unless option .\n-0002e5d0: 8098 2d2d 6d6f 6465 e280 9920 e280 986e ..--mode... ...n\n-0002e5e0: 6f72 6d61 6ce2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 6973 ormal.... is\n-0002e5f0: 2067 6976 656e 2e20 2057 6974 686f 7574 given. Without\n-0002e600: 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 2072 656d 6f76 arguments remov\n-0002e610: 6520 6375 7272 656e 746c 7920 6c6f 6164 e currently load\n-0002e620: 6564 2062 6163 6b67 726f 756e 640a 2020 ed background. \n-0002e630: 2020 2069 6d61 6765 2e20 2042 6163 6b67 image. Backg\n-0002e640: 726f 756e 6420 696d 6167 6520 6361 6e20 round image can \n-0002e650: 6265 2063 6861 6e67 6564 206f 6e6c 7920 be changed only \n-0002e660: 7768 656e 2075 7369 6e67 20e2 8098 6766 when using ...gf\n-0002e670: 7874 6572 6de2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 666f xterm.... fo\n-0002e680: 7220 7465 726d 696e 616c 206f 7574 7075 r terminal outpu\n-0002e690: 742e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 t.....File: grub\n-0002e6a0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6261 .info, Node: ba\n-0002e6b0: 6472 616d 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2062 6c6f dram, Next: blo\n-0002e6c0: 636b 6c69 7374 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2062 cklist, Prev: b\n-0002e6d0: 6163 6b67 726f 756e 645f 696d 6167 652c ackground_image,\n-0002e6e0: 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 Up: Command-li\n-0002e6f0: 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ne commands..17.\n-0002e700: 342e 3620 6261 6472 616d 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 4.6 badram.-----\n-0002e710: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f --------.. -- Co\n-0002e720: 6d6d 616e 643a 2062 6164 7261 6d20 6164 mmand: badram ad\n-0002e730: 6472 2c6d 6173 6b5b 2c61 6464 722c 6d61 dr,mask[,addr,ma\n-0002e740: 736b 2e2e 2e5d 0a20 2020 2020 4669 6c74 sk...]. Filt\n-0002e750: 6572 206f 7574 2062 6164 2052 414d 2e0a er out bad RAM..\n-0002e760: 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 . This comma\n-0002e770: 6e64 206e 6f74 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 nd notifies the \n-0002e780: 6d65 6d6f 7279 206d 616e 6167 6572 2074 memory manager t\n-0002e790: 6861 7420 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 7265 hat specified re\n-0002e7a0: 6769 6f6e 7320 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 5241 gions of. RA\n-0002e7b0: 4d20 6f75 6768 7420 746f 2062 6520 6669 M ought to be fi\n-0002e7c0: 6c74 6572 6564 206f 7574 2028 7573 7561 ltered out (usua\n-0002e7d0: 6c6c 792c 2062 6563 6175 7365 2074 6865 lly, because the\n-0002e7e0: 7927 7265 2064 616d 6167 6564 292e 0a20 y're damaged).. \n-0002e7f0: 2020 2020 5468 6973 2072 656d 6169 6e73 This remains\n-0002e800: 2069 6e20 6566 6665 6374 2061 6674 6572 in effect after\n-0002e810: 2061 2070 6179 6c6f 6164 206b 6572 6e65 a payload kerne\n-0002e820: 6c20 6861 7320 6265 656e 206c 6f61 6465 l has been loade\n-0002e830: 6420 6279 0a20 2020 2020 4752 5542 2c20 d by. GRUB, \n-0002e840: 6173 206c 6f6e 6720 6173 2074 6865 206c as long as the l\n-0002e850: 6f61 6465 6420 6b65 726e 656c 206f 6274 oaded kernel obt\n-0002e860: 6169 6e73 2069 7473 206d 656d 6f72 7920 ains its memory \n-0002e870: 6d61 7020 6672 6f6d 0a20 2020 2020 4752 map from. GR\n-0002e880: 5542 2e20 204b 6572 6e65 6c73 2074 6861 UB. Kernels tha\n-0002e890: 7420 7375 7070 6f72 7420 7468 6973 2069 t support this i\n-0002e8a0: 6e63 6c75 6465 204c 696e 7578 2c20 474e nclude Linux, GN\n-0002e8b0: 5520 4d61 6368 2c20 7468 650a 2020 2020 U Mach, the. \n-0002e8c0: 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6f66 2046 7265 6542 kernel of FreeB\n-0002e8d0: 5344 2061 6e64 204d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 SD and Multiboot\n-0002e8e0: 206b 6572 6e65 6c73 2069 6e20 6765 6e65 kernels in gene\n-0002e8f0: 7261 6c2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2053 796e 7461 ral... Synta\n-0002e900: 7820 6973 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6173 x is the same as\n-0002e910: 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 6279 2074 6865 provided by the\n-0002e920: 204d 656d 7465 7374 3836 2b20 7574 696c Memtest86+ util\n-0002e930: 6974 790a 2020 2020 2028 6874 7470 3a2f ity. (http:/\n-0002e940: 2f77 7777 2e6d 656d 7465 7374 2e6f 7267 /www.memtest.org\n-0002e950: 2f29 3a20 6120 6c69 7374 206f 6620 6164 /): a list of ad\n-0002e960: 6472 6573 732f 6d61 736b 2070 6169 7273 dress/mask pairs\n-0002e970: 2e20 2047 6976 656e 2061 0a20 2020 2020 . Given a. \n-0002e980: 7061 6765 2d61 6c69 676e 6564 2061 6464 page-aligned add\n-0002e990: 7265 7373 2061 6e64 2061 2062 6173 6520 ress and a base \n-0002e9a0: 6164 6472 6573 7320 2f20 6d61 736b 2070 address / mask p\n-0002e9b0: 6169 722c 2069 6620 616c 6c20 7468 650a air, if all the.\n-0002e9c0: 2020 2020 2062 6974 7320 6f66 2074 6865 bits of the\n-0002e9d0: 2070 6167 652d 616c 6967 6e65 6420 6164 page-aligned ad\n-0002e9e0: 6472 6573 7320 7468 6174 2061 7265 2065 dress that are e\n-0002e9f0: 6e61 626c 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 6d61 nabled by the ma\n-0002ea00: 736b 206d 6174 6368 0a20 2020 2020 7769 sk match. wi\n-0002ea10: 7468 2074 6865 2062 6173 6520 6164 6472 th the base addr\n-0002ea20: 6573 732c 2069 7420 6d65 616e 7320 7468 ess, it means th\n-0002ea30: 6973 2070 6167 6520 6973 2074 6f20 6265 is page is to be\n-0002ea40: 2066 696c 7465 7265 642e 2020 5468 6973 filtered. This\n-0002ea50: 0a20 2020 2020 7379 6e74 6178 206d 616b . syntax mak\n-0002ea60: 6573 2069 7420 6561 7379 2074 6f20 7265 es it easy to re\n-0002ea70: 7072 6573 656e 7420 7061 7474 6572 6e73 present patterns\n-0002ea80: 2074 6861 7420 6172 6520 6f66 7465 6e20 that are often \n-0002ea90: 7265 7375 6c74 206f 660a 2020 2020 206d result of. m\n-0002eaa0: 656d 6f72 7920 6461 6d61 6765 2c20 6475 emory damage, du\n-0002eab0: 6520 746f 2070 6879 7369 6361 6c20 6469 e to physical di\n-0002eac0: 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 6d65 stribution of me\n-0002ead0: 6d6f 7279 2063 656c 6c73 2e0a 0a20 2020 mory cells... \n-0002eae0: 2020 5468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 The command is\n-0002eaf0: 2073 696d 696c 6172 2074 6f20 e280 9863 similar to ...c\n-0002eb00: 7574 6d65 6de2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 utmem... command\n-0002eb10: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4e6f 7465 3a20 5468 ... Note: Th\n-0002eb20: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 206e 6f74 e command is not\n-0002eb30: 2061 6c6c 6f77 6564 2077 6865 6e20 6c6f allowed when lo\n-0002eb40: 636b 646f 776e 2069 7320 656e 666f 7263 ckdown is enforc\n-0002eb50: 6564 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 204c ed (*note. L\n-0002eb60: 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e3a 3a29 2e20 2054 6869 ockdown::). Thi\n-0002eb70: 7320 7072 6576 656e 7473 2072 656d 6f76 s prevents remov\n-0002eb80: 696e 6720 4546 4920 6d65 6d6f 7279 2072 ing EFI memory r\n-0002eb90: 6567 696f 6e73 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2070 egions to. p\n-0002eba0: 6f74 656e 7469 616c 6c79 2073 7562 7665 otentially subve\n-0002ebb0: 7274 2074 6865 2073 6563 7572 6974 7920 rt the security \n-0002ebc0: 6d65 6368 616e 6973 6d73 2070 726f 7669 mechanisms provi\n-0002ebd0: 6465 6420 6279 2074 6865 2055 4546 490a ded by the UEFI.\n-0002ebe0: 2020 2020 2073 6563 7572 6520 626f 6f74 secure boot\n-0002ebf0: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-0002ec00: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2062 6c6f info, Node: blo\n-0002ec10: 636b 6c69 7374 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2062 cklist, Next: b\n-0002ec20: 6f6f 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6261 6472 oot, Prev: badr\n-0002ec30: 616d 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 am, Up: Command\n-0002ec40: 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a -line commands..\n-0002ec50: 3137 2e34 2e37 2062 6c6f 636b 6c69 7374 17.4.7 blocklist\n-0002ec60: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n-0002ec70: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n-0002ec80: 626c 6f63 6b6c 6973 7420 6669 6c65 0a20 blocklist file. \n-0002ec90: 2020 2020 5072 696e 7420 6120 626c 6f63 Print a bloc\n-0002eca0: 6b20 6c69 7374 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 426c k list (*note Bl\n-0002ecb0: 6f63 6b20 6c69 7374 2073 796e 7461 783a ock list syntax:\n-0002ecc0: 3a29 2066 6f72 2046 494c 452e 0a0a 1f0a :) for FILE.....\n-0002ecd0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-0002ece0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 626f 6f74 2c20 204e Node: boot, N\n-0002ecf0: 6578 743a 2063 6174 2c20 2050 7265 763a ext: cat, Prev:\n-0002ed00: 2062 6c6f 636b 6c69 7374 2c20 2055 703a blocklist, Up:\n-0002ed10: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f Command-line co\n-0002ed20: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e38 2062 mmands..17.4.8 b\n-0002ed30: 6f6f 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a oot.-----------.\n-0002ed40: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 626f . -- Command: bo\n-0002ed50: 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 426f 6f74 2074 6865 ot. Boot the\n-0002ed60: 204f 5320 6f72 2063 6861 696e 2d6c 6f61 OS or chain-loa\n-0002ed70: 6465 7220 7768 6963 6820 6861 7320 6265 der which has be\n-0002ed80: 656e 206c 6f61 6465 642e 2020 4f6e 6c79 en loaded. Only\n-0002ed90: 206e 6563 6573 7361 7279 0a20 2020 2020 necessary. \n-0002eda0: 6966 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 2074 6865 2066 if running the f\n-0002edb0: 756c 6c79 2069 6e74 6572 6163 7469 7665 ully interactive\n-0002edc0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 2869 command-line (i\n-0002edd0: 7420 6973 2069 6d70 6c69 6369 7420 6174 t is implicit at\n-0002ede0: 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 656e 6420 6f66 . the end of\n-0002edf0: 2061 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 7929 2e0a a menu entry)..\n-0002ee00: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-0002ee10: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2063 6174 2c20 fo, Node: cat, \n-0002ee20: 204e 6578 743a 2063 6c65 6172 2c20 2050 Next: clear, P\n-0002ee30: 7265 763a 2062 6f6f 742c 2020 5570 3a20 rev: boot, Up: \n-0002ee40: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d Command-line com\n-0002ee50: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3920 6361 mands..17.4.9 ca\n-0002ee60: 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d t.----------.. -\n-0002ee70: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2063 6174 205b - Command: cat [\n-0002ee80: 2d2d 646f 735d 2066 696c 650a 2020 2020 --dos] file. \n-0002ee90: 2044 6973 706c 6179 2074 6865 2063 6f6e Display the con\n-0002eea0: 7465 6e74 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2066 696c tents of the fil\n-0002eeb0: 6520 4649 4c45 2e20 2054 6869 7320 636f e FILE. This co\n-0002eec0: 6d6d 616e 6420 6d61 7920 6265 2075 7365 mmand may be use\n-0002eed0: 6675 6c0a 2020 2020 2074 6f20 7265 6d69 ful. to remi\n-0002eee0: 6e64 2079 6f75 206f 6620 796f 7572 204f nd you of your O\n-0002eef0: 5327 7320 726f 6f74 2070 6172 7469 7469 S's root partiti\n-0002ef00: 6f6e 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 on:.. g\n-0002ef10: 7275 623e 2063 6174 202f 6574 632f 6673 rub> cat /etc/fs\n-0002ef20: 7461 620a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2074 6865 tab.. If the\n-0002ef30: 20e2 8098 2d2d 646f 73e2 8099 206f 7074 ...--dos... opt\n-0002ef40: 696f 6e20 6973 2075 7365 642c 2074 6865 ion is used, the\n-0002ef50: 6e20 6361 7272 6961 6765 2072 6574 7572 n carriage retur\n-0002ef60: 6e20 2f20 6e65 7720 6c69 6e65 0a20 2020 n / new line. \n-0002ef70: 2020 7061 6972 7320 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 pairs will be \n-0002ef80: 6469 7370 6c61 7965 6420 6173 2061 2073 displayed as a s\n-0002ef90: 696d 706c 6520 6e65 7720 6c69 6e65 2e20 imple new line. \n-0002efa0: 204f 7468 6572 7769 7365 2c20 7468 650a Otherwise, the.\n-0002efb0: 2020 2020 2063 6172 7269 6167 6520 7265 carriage re\n-0002efc0: 7475 726e 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2064 6973 turn will be dis\n-0002efd0: 706c 6179 6564 2061 7320 6120 636f 6e74 played as a cont\n-0002efe0: 726f 6c20 6368 6172 6163 7465 7220 28e2 rol character (.\n-0002eff0: 8098 3c64 3ee2 8099 2920 746f 0a20 2020 .....) to. \n-0002f000: 2020 6d61 6b65 2069 7420 6561 7369 6572 make it easier\n-0002f010: 2074 6f20 7365 6520 7768 656e 2062 6f6f to see when boo\n-0002f020: 7420 7072 6f62 6c65 6d73 2061 7265 2063 t problems are c\n-0002f030: 6175 7365 6420 6279 2061 2066 696c 650a aused by a file.\n-0002f040: 2020 2020 2066 6f72 6d61 7474 6564 2075 formatted u\n-0002f050: 7369 6e67 2044 4f53 2d73 7479 6c65 206c sing DOS-style l\n-0002f060: 696e 6520 656e 6469 6e67 732e 0a0a 2020 ine endings... \n-0002f070: 2020 204e 6f74 653a 20e2 8098 6361 74e2 Note: ...cat.\n-0002f080: 8099 2063 616e 2062 6520 7573 6564 2074 .. can be used t\n-0002f090: 6f20 7669 6577 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 7465 o view the conte\n-0002f0a0: 6e74 7320 6f66 2064 6576 6963 6573 2075 nts of devices u\n-0002f0b0: 7369 6e67 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 626c sing the. bl\n-0002f0c0: 6f63 6b20 6c69 7374 2073 796e 7461 7820 ock list syntax \n-0002f0d0: 282a 6e6f 7465 2042 6c6f 636b 206c 6973 (*note Block lis\n-0002f0e0: 7420 7379 6e74 6178 3a3a 292e 2020 486f t syntax::). Ho\n-0002f0f0: 7765 7665 722c 2069 7420 6973 206e 6f74 wever, it is not\n-0002f100: 0a20 2020 2020 6164 7669 7365 6420 746f . advised to\n-0002f110: 2076 6965 7720 6269 6e61 7279 2064 6174 view binary dat\n-0002f120: 6120 6265 6361 7573 6520 6974 2077 696c a because it wil\n-0002f130: 6c20 7472 7920 746f 2064 6563 6f64 6520 l try to decode \n-0002f140: 5554 462d 380a 2020 2020 2073 7472 696e UTF-8. strin\n-0002f150: 6773 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6361 6e20 6c65 gs, which can le\n-0002f160: 6164 2074 6f20 736f 6d65 2062 7974 6573 ad to some bytes\n-0002f170: 206d 6973 7369 6e67 206f 7220 6164 6465 missing or adde\n-0002f180: 6420 696e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6f75 d in the. ou\n-0002f190: 7470 7574 2e20 2049 6e73 7465 6164 2c20 tput. Instead, \n-0002f1a0: 7573 6520 7468 6520 e280 9868 6578 6475 use the ...hexdu\n-0002f1b0: 6d70 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 282a mp... command (*\n-0002f1c0: 6e6f 7465 2068 6578 6475 6d70 3a3a 292e note hexdump::).\n-0002f1d0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-0002f1e0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 636c 6561 nfo, Node: clea\n-0002f1f0: 722c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 636d 6f73 636c r, Next: cmoscl\n-0002f200: 6561 6e2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6361 742c ean, Prev: cat,\n-0002f210: 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 Up: Command-li\n-0002f220: 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ne commands..17.\n-0002f230: 342e 3130 2063 6c65 6172 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 4.10 clear.-----\n-0002f240: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f --------.. -- Co\n-0002f250: 6d6d 616e 643a 2063 6c65 6172 0a20 2020 mmand: clear. \n-0002f260: 2020 436c 6561 7220 7468 6520 7363 7265 Clear the scre\n-0002f270: 656e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 en.....File: gru\n-0002f280: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2063 b.info, Node: c\n-0002f290: 6d6f 7363 6c65 616e 2c20 204e 6578 743a mosclean, Next:\n-0002f2a0: 2063 6d6f 7364 756d 702c 2020 5072 6576 cmosdump, Prev\n-0002f2b0: 3a20 636c 6561 722c 2020 5570 3a20 436f : clear, Up: Co\n-0002f2c0: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 mmand-line comma\n-0002f2d0: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3131 2063 6d6f nds..17.4.11 cmo\n-0002f2e0: 7363 6c65 616e 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d sclean.---------\n-0002f2f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f --------.. -- Co\n-0002f300: 6d6d 616e 643a 2063 6d6f 7363 6c65 616e mmand: cmosclean\n-0002f310: 2062 7974 653a 6269 740a 2020 2020 2043 byte:bit. C\n-0002f320: 6c65 6172 2076 616c 7565 206f 6620 6269 lear value of bi\n-0002f330: 7420 696e 2043 4d4f 5320 6174 206c 6f63 t in CMOS at loc\n-0002f340: 6174 696f 6e20 4259 5445 3a42 4954 2e20 ation BYTE:BIT. \n-0002f350: 2054 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 This command is\n-0002f360: 0a20 2020 2020 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 . available \n-0002f370: 6f6e 6c79 206f 6e20 706c 6174 666f 726d only on platform\n-0002f380: 7320 7468 6174 2073 7570 706f 7274 2043 s that support C\n-0002f390: 4d4f 532e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 MOS.....File: gr\n-0002f3a0: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-0002f3b0: 636d 6f73 6475 6d70 2c20 204e 6578 743a cmosdump, Next:\n-0002f3c0: 2063 6d6f 7374 6573 742c 2020 5072 6576 cmostest, Prev\n-0002f3d0: 3a20 636d 6f73 636c 6561 6e2c 2020 5570 : cmosclean, Up\n-0002f3e0: 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 : Command-line c\n-0002f3f0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3132 ommands..17.4.12\n-0002f400: 2063 6d6f 7364 756d 700a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d cmosdump.------\n-0002f410: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n-0002f420: 4475 6d70 3a20 434d 4f53 2063 6f6e 7465 Dump: CMOS conte\n-0002f430: 6e74 730a 2020 2020 2044 756d 7020 6675 nts. Dump fu\n-0002f440: 6c6c 2043 4d4f 5320 636f 6e74 656e 7473 ll CMOS contents\n-0002f450: 2061 7320 6865 7861 6465 6369 6d61 6c20 as hexadecimal \n-0002f460: 7661 6c75 6573 2e20 2054 6869 7320 636f values. This co\n-0002f470: 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6176 mmand is. av\n-0002f480: 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6f6e 6c79 206f 6e20 ailable only on \n-0002f490: 706c 6174 666f 726d 7320 7468 6174 2073 platforms that s\n-0002f4a0: 7570 706f 7274 2043 4d4f 532e 0a0a 1f0a upport CMOS.....\n-0002f4b0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-0002f4c0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 636d 6f73 7465 7374 Node: cmostest\n-0002f4d0: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2063 6d70 2c20 2050 , Next: cmp, P\n-0002f4e0: 7265 763a 2063 6d6f 7364 756d 702c 2020 rev: cmosdump, \n-0002f4f0: 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 Up: Command-line\n-0002f500: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e commands..17.4.\n-0002f510: 3133 2063 6d6f 7374 6573 740a 2d2d 2d2d 13 cmostest.----\n-0002f520: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n-0002f530: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2063 6d6f 7374 - Command: cmost\n-0002f540: 6573 7420 6279 7465 3a62 6974 0a20 2020 est byte:bit. \n-0002f550: 2020 5465 7374 2076 616c 7565 206f 6620 Test value of \n-0002f560: 6269 7420 696e 2043 4d4f 5320 6174 206c bit in CMOS at l\n-0002f570: 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 4259 5445 3a42 4954 ocation BYTE:BIT\n-0002f580: 2e20 2045 7869 7420 7374 6174 7573 2069 . Exit status i\n-0002f590: 730a 2020 2020 207a 6572 6f20 6966 2062 s. zero if b\n-0002f5a0: 6974 2069 7320 7365 742c 206e 6f6e 207a it is set, non z\n-0002f5b0: 6572 6f20 6f74 6865 7277 6973 652e 2020 ero otherwise. \n-0002f5c0: 5468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 This command is \n-0002f5d0: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 650a 2020 2020 206f available. o\n-0002f5e0: 6e6c 7920 6f6e 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 nly on platforms\n-0002f5f0: 2074 6861 7420 7375 7070 6f72 7420 434d that support CM\n-0002f600: 4f53 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 OS.....File: gru\n-0002f610: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2063 b.info, Node: c\n-0002f620: 6d70 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2063 6f6e 6669 mp, Next: confi\n-0002f630: 6766 696c 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 636d gfile, Prev: cm\n-0002f640: 6f73 7465 7374 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d ostest, Up: Com\n-0002f650: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n-0002f660: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e31 3420 636d 700a ds..17.4.14 cmp.\n-0002f670: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d -----------.. --\n-0002f680: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 636d 7020 5b2d Command: cmp [-\n-0002f690: 765d 2066 696c 6531 2066 696c 6532 0a20 v] file1 file2. \n-0002f6a0: 2020 2020 436f 6d70 6172 6520 7468 6520 Compare the \n-0002f6b0: 6669 6c65 2046 494c 4531 2077 6974 6820 file FILE1 with \n-0002f6c0: 7468 6520 6669 6c65 2046 494c 4532 2e20 the file FILE2. \n-0002f6d0: 2049 6620 7468 6579 2061 7265 2063 6f6d If they are com\n-0002f6e0: 706c 6574 656c 790a 2020 2020 2069 6465 pletely. ide\n-0002f6f0: 6e74 6963 616c 2c20 e280 9824 3fe2 8099 ntical, ...$?...\n-0002f700: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2073 6574 2074 6f20 will be set to \n-0002f710: 302e 2020 4f74 6865 7277 6973 652c 2069 0. Otherwise, i\n-0002f720: 6620 7468 6520 6669 6c65 7320 6172 6520 f the files are \n-0002f730: 6e6f 740a 2020 2020 2069 6465 6e74 6963 not. identic\n-0002f740: 616c 2c20 e280 9824 3fe2 8099 2077 696c al, ...$?... wil\n-0002f750: 6c20 6265 2073 6574 2074 6f20 6120 6e6f l be set to a no\n-0002f760: 6e7a 6572 6f20 7661 6c75 652e 0a0a 2020 nzero value... \n-0002f770: 2020 2042 7920 6465 6661 756c 7420 6e6f By default no\n-0002f780: 7468 696e 6720 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6f75 thing will be ou\n-0002f790: 7470 7574 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6520 e280 tput. If the ..\n-0002f7a0: 982d 76e2 8099 2069 7320 7573 6564 2c20 .-v... is used, \n-0002f7b0: 7665 7262 6f73 650a 2020 2020 206d 6f64 verbose. mod\n-0002f7c0: 6520 6973 2065 6e61 626c 6564 2e20 2049 e is enabled. I\n-0002f7d0: 6e20 7468 6973 206d 6f64 6520 7768 656e n this mode when\n-0002f7e0: 2077 6865 6e20 7468 6520 6669 6c65 7320 when the files \n-0002f7f0: 6469 6666 6572 2069 6e20 7369 7a65 2c0a differ in size,.\n-0002f800: 2020 2020 2070 7269 6e74 2074 6865 2073 print the s\n-0002f810: 697a 6573 206c 696b 6520 7468 6973 3a0a izes like this:.\n-0002f820: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2044 6966 6665 . Diffe\n-0002f830: 7220 696e 2073 697a 653a 2030 7831 3233 r in size: 0x123\n-0002f840: 3420 5b66 6f6f 5d2c 2030 7834 3332 3120 4 [foo], 0x4321 \n-0002f850: 5b62 6172 5d0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2074 [bar].. If t\n-0002f860: 6865 2073 697a 6573 2061 7265 2065 7175 he sizes are equ\n-0002f870: 616c 2062 7574 2074 6865 2062 7974 6573 al but the bytes\n-0002f880: 2061 7420 616e 206f 6666 7365 7420 6469 at an offset di\n-0002f890: 6666 6572 2c20 7468 656e 0a20 2020 2020 ffer, then. \n-0002f8a0: 7072 696e 7420 7468 6520 6279 7465 7320 print the bytes \n-0002f8b0: 6c69 6b65 2074 6869 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 like this:.. \n-0002f8c0: 2020 2020 2020 4469 6666 6572 2061 7420 Differ at \n-0002f8d0: 7468 6520 6f66 6673 6574 2037 3737 3a20 the offset 777: \n-0002f8e0: 3078 6265 205b 666f 6f5d 2c20 3078 6566 0xbe [foo], 0xef\n-0002f8f0: 205b 6261 725d 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 [bar]....File: \n-0002f900: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-0002f910: 3a20 636f 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 2c20 204e : configfile, N\n-0002f920: 6578 743a 2063 7075 6964 2c20 2050 7265 ext: cpuid, Pre\n-0002f930: 763a 2063 6d70 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d v: cmp, Up: Com\n-0002f940: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n-0002f950: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e31 3520 636f 6e66 ds..17.4.15 conf\n-0002f960: 6967 6669 6c65 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d igfile.---------\n-0002f970: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n-0002f980: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 636f 6e66 6967 6669 ommand: configfi\n-0002f990: 6c65 2066 696c 650a 2020 2020 204c 6f61 le file. Loa\n-0002f9a0: 6420 4649 4c45 2061 7320 6120 636f 6e66 d FILE as a conf\n-0002f9b0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2e20 iguration file. \n-0002f9c0: 2049 6620 4649 4c45 2064 6566 696e 6573 If FILE defines\n-0002f9d0: 2061 6e79 206d 656e 750a 2020 2020 2065 any menu. e\n-0002f9e0: 6e74 7269 6573 2c20 7468 656e 2073 686f ntries, then sho\n-0002f9f0: 7720 6120 6d65 6e75 2063 6f6e 7461 696e w a menu contain\n-0002fa00: 696e 6720 7468 656d 2069 6d6d 6564 6961 ing them immedia\n-0002fa10: 7465 6c79 2e20 2041 6e79 0a20 2020 2020 tely. Any. \n-0002fa20: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n-0002fa30: 6162 6c65 2063 6861 6e67 6573 206d 6164 able changes mad\n-0002fa40: 6520 6279 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 e by the command\n-0002fa50: 7320 696e 2046 494c 4520 7769 6c6c 206e s in FILE will n\n-0002fa60: 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 6265 2070 7265 7365 ot. be prese\n-0002fa70: 7276 6564 2061 6674 6572 20e2 8098 636f rved after ...co\n-0002fa80: 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 e280 9920 7265 7475 nfigfile... retu\n-0002fa90: 726e 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 rns.....File: gr\n-0002faa0: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-0002fab0: 6370 7569 642c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6372 cpuid, Next: cr\n-0002fac0: 632c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 636f 6e66 6967 c, Prev: config\n-0002fad0: 6669 6c65 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 file, Up: Comma\n-0002fae0: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 nd-line commands\n-0002faf0: 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e31 3620 6370 7569 640a ..17.4.16 cpuid.\n-0002fb00: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 -------------.. \n-0002fb10: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6370 7569 -- Command: cpui\n-0002fb20: 6420 5b2d 6c5d 205b 2d70 5d0a 2020 2020 d [-l] [-p]. \n-0002fb30: 2043 6865 636b 2066 6f72 2043 5055 2066 Check for CPU f\n-0002fb40: 6561 7475 7265 732e 2020 5468 6973 2063 eatures. This c\n-0002fb50: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 6f6e 6c79 2061 ommand is only a\n-0002fb60: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 206f 6e20 7838 360a vailable on x86.\n-0002fb70: 2020 2020 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2e0a 0a20 systems... \n-0002fb80: 2020 2020 5769 7468 2074 6865 20e2 8098 With the ...\n-0002fb90: 2d6c e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2c20 7265 -l... option, re\n-0002fba0: 7475 726e 2074 7275 6520 6966 2074 6865 turn true if the\n-0002fbb0: 2043 5055 2073 7570 706f 7274 7320 6c6f CPU supports lo\n-0002fbc0: 6e67 206d 6f64 650a 2020 2020 2028 3634 ng mode. (64\n-0002fbd0: 2d62 6974 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6974 -bit)... Wit\n-0002fbe0: 6820 7468 6520 e280 982d 70e2 8099 206f h the ...-p... o\n-0002fbf0: 7074 696f 6e2c 2072 6574 7572 6e20 7472 ption, return tr\n-0002fc00: 7565 2069 6620 7468 6520 4350 5520 7375 ue if the CPU su\n-0002fc10: 7070 6f72 7473 2050 6879 7369 6361 6c0a pports Physical.\n-0002fc20: 2020 2020 2041 6464 7265 7373 2045 7874 Address Ext\n-0002fc30: 656e 7369 6f6e 2028 5041 4529 2e0a 0a20 ension (PAE)... \n-0002fc40: 2020 2020 4966 2069 6e76 6f6b 6564 2077 If invoked w\n-0002fc50: 6974 686f 7574 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2c20 ithout options, \n-0002fc60: 7468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2063 7572 this command cur\n-0002fc70: 7265 6e74 6c79 2062 6568 6176 6573 2061 rently behaves a\n-0002fc80: 7320 6966 2069 740a 2020 2020 2068 6164 s if it. had\n-0002fc90: 2062 6565 6e20 696e 766f 6b65 6420 7769 been invoked wi\n-0002fca0: 7468 20e2 8098 2d6c e280 992e 2020 5468 th ...-l.... Th\n-0002fcb0: 6973 206d 6179 2063 6861 6e67 6520 696e is may change in\n-0002fcc0: 2074 6865 2066 7574 7572 652e 0a0a 1f0a the future.....\n-0002fcd0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-0002fce0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6372 632c 2020 4e65 Node: crc, Ne\n-0002fcf0: 7874 3a20 6372 7970 746f 6d6f 756e 742c xt: cryptomount,\n-0002fd00: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6370 7569 642c 2020 Prev: cpuid, \n-0002fd10: 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 Up: Command-line\n-0002fd20: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e commands..17.4.\n-0002fd30: 3137 2063 7263 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 17 crc.---------\n-0002fd40: 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a --.. -- Command:\n-0002fd50: 2063 7263 2061 7267 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 crc arg .... \n-0002fd60: 2020 416c 6961 7320 666f 7220 e280 9868 Alias for ...h\n-0002fd70: 6173 6873 756d 202d 2d68 6173 6820 6372 ashsum --hash cr\n-0002fd80: 6333 3220 6172 6720 2e2e 2ee2 8099 2e20 c32 arg ....... \n-0002fd90: 2053 6565 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 20e2 8098 See command ...\n-0002fda0: 6861 7368 7375 6de2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 hashsum.... \n-0002fdb0: 282a 6e6f 7465 2068 6173 6873 756d 3a3a (*note hashsum::\n-0002fdc0: 2920 666f 7220 6675 6c6c 2064 6573 6372 ) for full descr\n-0002fdd0: 6970 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a iption.....File:\n-0002fde0: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-0002fdf0: 653a 2063 7279 7074 6f6d 6f75 6e74 2c20 e: cryptomount, \n-0002fe00: 204e 6578 743a 2063 7574 6d65 6d2c 2020 Next: cutmem, \n-0002fe10: 5072 6576 3a20 6372 632c 2020 5570 3a20 Prev: crc, Up: \n-0002fe20: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d Command-line com\n-0002fe30: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3138 2063 mands..17.4.18 c\n-0002fe40: 7279 7074 6f6d 6f75 6e74 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d ryptomount.-----\n-0002fe50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n-0002fe60: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2063 7279 -- Command: cry\n-0002fe70: 7074 6f6d 6f75 6e74 205b 205b 2d70 2070 ptomount [ [-p p\n-0002fe80: 6173 7377 6f72 645d 207c 205b 2d6b 206b assword] | [-k k\n-0002fe90: 6579 6669 6c65 205b 2d4f 206b 6579 6f66 eyfile [-O keyof\n-0002fea0: 6673 6574 5d0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 fset]. \n-0002feb0: 5b2d 5320 6b65 7973 697a 655d 205d 205d [-S keysize] ] ]\n-0002fec0: 205b 2d48 2066 696c 655d 2064 6576 6963 [-H file] devic\n-0002fed0: 657c 2d75 2075 7569 647c 2d61 7c2d 620a e|-u uuid|-a|-b.\n-0002fee0: 2020 2020 2053 6574 7570 2061 6363 6573 Setup acces\n-0002fef0: 7320 746f 2065 6e63 7279 7074 6564 2064 s to encrypted d\n-0002ff00: 6576 6963 652e 2020 4120 7061 7373 7068 evice. A passph\n-0002ff10: 7261 7365 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2072 6571 rase will be req\n-0002ff20: 7565 7374 6564 0a20 2020 2020 696e 7465 uested. inte\n-0002ff30: 7261 6374 6976 656c 792c 2069 6620 6e65 ractively, if ne\n-0002ff40: 6974 6865 7220 7468 6520 e280 982d 70e2 ither the ...-p.\n-0002ff50: 8099 206e 6f72 20e2 8098 2d6b e280 9920 .. nor ...-k... \n-0002ff60: 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 6172 6520 6769 7665 options are give\n-0002ff70: 6e2e 2020 5468 650a 2020 2020 206f 7074 n. The. opt\n-0002ff80: 696f 6e20 e280 982d 70e2 8099 2063 616e ion ...-p... can\n-0002ff90: 2062 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f20 7375 7070 be used to supp\n-0002ffa0: 6c79 2061 2070 6173 7370 6872 6173 6520 ly a passphrase \n-0002ffb0: 2875 7365 6675 6c20 666f 720a 2020 2020 (useful for. \n-0002ffc0: 2073 6372 6970 7473 292e 2020 416c 7465 scripts). Alte\n-0002ffd0: 726e 6174 6976 656c 7920 7468 6520 e280 rnatively the ..\n-0002ffe0: 982d 6be2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6361 .-k... option ca\n-0002fff0: 6e20 6265 2075 7365 6420 746f 2073 7570 n be used to sup\n-00030000: 706c 7920 610a 2020 2020 206b 6579 6669 ply a. keyfi\n-00030010: 6c65 2077 6974 6820 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 le with options \n-00030020: e280 982d 4fe2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 ...-O... and ...\n-00030030: 2d53 e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 -S... optionally\n-00030040: 2073 7570 706c 7969 6e67 2074 6865 206f supplying the o\n-00030050: 6666 7365 740a 2020 2020 2061 6e64 2073 ffset. and s\n-00030060: 697a 652c 2072 6573 7065 6374 6976 656c ize, respectivel\n-00030070: 792c 206f 6620 7468 6520 6b65 7920 6461 y, of the key da\n-00030080: 7461 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6769 7665 6e20 ta in the given \n-00030090: 6b65 7920 6669 6c65 2e20 2054 6865 0a20 key file. The. \n-000300a0: 2020 2020 e280 982d 48e2 8099 206f 7074 ...-H... opt\n-000300b0: 696f 6e73 2063 616e 2062 6520 7573 6564 ions can be used\n-000300c0: 2074 6f20 7375 7070 6c79 2063 7279 7074 to supply crypt\n-000300d0: 6f6d 6f75 6e74 2062 6163 6b65 6e64 7320 omount backends \n-000300e0: 7769 7468 2061 6e0a 2020 2020 2061 6c74 with an. alt\n-000300f0: 6572 6e61 7469 7665 2068 6561 6465 7220 ernative header \n-00030100: 6669 6c65 2028 616b 6120 6465 7461 6368 file (aka detach\n-00030110: 6564 2068 6561 6465 7229 2e20 204e 6f74 ed header). Not\n-00030120: 2061 6c6c 2062 6163 6b65 6e64 730a 2020 all backends. \n-00030130: 2020 2068 6176 6520 6865 6164 6572 7320 have headers \n-00030140: 6e6f 7220 7375 7070 6f72 7420 616c 7465 nor support alte\n-00030150: 726e 6174 6976 6520 6865 6164 6572 2066 rnative header f\n-00030160: 696c 6573 2028 6375 7272 656e 746c 7920 iles (currently \n-00030170: 6f6e 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 4c55 4b53 3120 only. LUKS1 \n-00030180: 616e 6420 4c55 4b53 3220 7375 7070 6f72 and LUKS2 suppor\n-00030190: 7420 7468 656d 292e 2020 4172 6775 6d65 t them). Argume\n-000301a0: 6e74 2044 4556 4943 4520 636f 6e66 6967 nt DEVICE config\n-000301b0: 7572 6573 2073 7065 6369 6669 630a 2020 ures specific. \n-000301c0: 2020 2067 7275 6220 6465 7669 6365 2028 grub device (\n-000301d0: 2a6e 6f74 6520 4e61 6d69 6e67 2063 6f6e *note Naming con\n-000301e0: 7665 6e74 696f 6e3a 3a29 3b20 6f70 7469 vention::); opti\n-000301f0: 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d75 e280 9920 5555 4944 on ...-u... UUID\n-00030200: 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6573 . configures\n-00030210: 2064 6576 6963 6520 7769 7468 2073 7065 device with spe\n-00030220: 6369 6669 6564 2055 5549 443b 206f 7074 cified UUID; opt\n-00030230: 696f 6e20 e280 982d 61e2 8099 2063 6f6e ion ...-a... con\n-00030240: 6669 6775 7265 7320 616c 6c0a 2020 2020 figures all. \n-00030250: 2064 6574 6563 7465 6420 656e 6372 7970 detected encryp\n-00030260: 7465 6420 6465 7669 6365 733b 206f 7074 ted devices; opt\n-00030270: 696f 6e20 e280 982d 62e2 8099 2063 6f6e ion ...-b... con\n-00030280: 6669 6775 7265 7320 616c 6c20 6765 6c69 figures all geli\n-00030290: 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e74 6169 6e65 7273 . containers\n-000302a0: 2074 6861 7420 6861 7665 2062 6f6f 7420 that have boot \n-000302b0: 666c 6167 2073 6574 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 flag set... \n-000302c0: 4465 7669 6365 7320 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 Devices are not \n-000302d0: 616c 6c6f 7765 6420 746f 2062 6520 6769 allowed to be gi\n-000302e0: 7665 6e20 6173 206b 6579 2066 696c 6573 ven as key files\n-000302f0: 206e 6f72 2061 7320 6465 7461 6368 6564 nor as detached\n-00030300: 0a20 2020 2020 6865 6164 6572 2066 696c . header fil\n-00030310: 6573 2e20 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 7468 es. However, th\n-00030320: 6973 206c 696d 6974 6174 696f 6e20 6361 is limitation ca\n-00030330: 6e20 6265 2077 6f72 6b65 6420 6172 6f75 n be worked arou\n-00030340: 6e64 2062 790a 2020 2020 2075 7369 6e67 nd by. using\n-00030350: 2062 6c6f 636b 6c69 7374 2073 796e 7461 blocklist synta\n-00030360: 782e 2020 536f 2066 6f72 2069 6e73 7461 x. So for insta\n-00030370: 6e63 652c 20e2 8098 2868 6431 2c67 7074 nce, ...(hd1,gpt\n-00030380: 3229 e280 9920 6361 6e20 6e6f 7420 6265 2)... can not be\n-00030390: 0a20 2020 2020 7573 6564 2c20 6275 7420 . used, but \n-000303a0: e280 9828 6864 312c 6770 7432 2930 2be2 ...(hd1,gpt2)0+.\n-000303b0: 8099 2077 696c 6c20 6163 6869 6576 6520 .. will achieve \n-000303c0: 7468 6520 6465 7369 7265 6420 7265 7375 the desired resu\n-000303d0: 6c74 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4752 5542 2073 lt... GRUB s\n-000303e0: 7570 6f72 7473 2064 6576 6963 6573 2065 uports devices e\n-000303f0: 6e63 7279 7074 6564 2075 7369 6e67 204c ncrypted using L\n-00030400: 554b 532c 204c 554b 5332 2061 6e64 2067 UKS, LUKS2 and g\n-00030410: 656c 692e 2020 4e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 eli. Note. \n-00030420: 7468 6174 206e 6563 6573 7361 7279 206d that necessary m\n-00030430: 6f64 756c 6573 2028 4c55 4b53 2c20 4c55 odules (LUKS, LU\n-00030440: 4b53 3220 616e 6420 4745 4c49 2920 6861 KS2 and GELI) ha\n-00030450: 7665 2074 6f20 6265 206c 6f61 6465 640a ve to be loaded.\n-00030460: 2020 2020 206d 616e 7561 6c6c 7920 6265 manually be\n-00030470: 666f 7265 2074 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e fore this comman\n-00030480: 6420 6361 6e20 6265 2075 7365 642e 2020 d can be used. \n-00030490: 466f 7220 4c55 4b53 3220 6f6e 6c79 2074 For LUKS2 only t\n-000304a0: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 5042 4b44 4632 206b he. PBKDF2 k\n-000304b0: 6579 2064 6572 6976 6174 696f 6e20 6675 ey derivation fu\n-000304c0: 6e63 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 7375 7070 6f72 nction is suppor\n-000304d0: 7465 642c 2061 7320 4172 676f 6e32 2069 ted, as Argon2 i\n-000304e0: 7320 6e6f 7420 7965 740a 2020 2020 2073 s not yet. s\n-000304f0: 7570 706f 7274 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 upported... \n-00030500: 5375 6363 6573 7366 756c 6c79 2064 6563 Successfully dec\n-00030510: 7279 7074 6564 2064 6973 6b73 2061 7265 rypted disks are\n-00030520: 206e 616d 6564 2061 7320 2863 7279 7074 named as (crypt\n-00030530: 6f58 2920 616e 6420 6861 7665 0a20 2020 oX) and have. \n-00030540: 2020 696e 6372 6561 7369 6e67 206e 756d increasing num\n-00030550: 6572 6174 696f 6e20 7375 6666 6978 2066 eration suffix f\n-00030560: 6f72 2065 6163 6820 6e65 7720 6465 6372 or each new decr\n-00030570: 7970 7465 6420 6469 736b 2e20 2049 6620 ypted disk. If \n-00030580: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2065 6e63 7279 7074 the. encrypt\n-00030590: 6564 2064 6973 6b20 686f 7374 7320 736f ed disk hosts so\n-000305a0: 6d65 2068 6967 6865 7220 6c65 7665 6c20 me higher level \n-000305b0: 6f66 2061 6273 7472 6163 7469 6f6e 2028 of abstraction (\n-000305c0: 6c69 6b65 204c 564d 3220 6f72 0a20 2020 like LVM2 or. \n-000305d0: 2020 4d44 5241 4944 2920 6974 2077 696c MDRAID) it wil\n-000305e0: 6c20 6265 2063 7265 6174 6564 2075 6e64 l be created und\n-000305f0: 6572 2061 2073 6570 6172 6174 6520 6465 er a separate de\n-00030600: 7669 6365 206e 616d 6573 7061 6365 2069 vice namespace i\n-00030610: 6e0a 2020 2020 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e20 n. addition \n-00030620: 746f 2074 6865 2063 7279 7074 6f64 6973 to the cryptodis\n-00030630: 6b20 6e61 6d65 7370 6163 652e 0a0a 2020 k namespace... \n-00030640: 2020 2053 7570 706f 7274 2066 6f72 2070 Support for p\n-00030650: 6c61 696e 2065 6e63 7279 7074 696f 6e20 lain encryption \n-00030660: 6d6f 6465 2028 706c 6169 6e20 646d 2d63 mode (plain dm-c\n-00030670: 7279 7074 2920 6973 2070 726f 7669 6465 rypt) is provide\n-00030680: 6420 7669 610a 2020 2020 2073 6570 6172 d via. separ\n-00030690: 6174 6520 e280 982a 6e6f 7465 2070 6c61 ate ...*note pla\n-000306a0: 696e 6d6f 756e 743a 3ae2 8099 2063 6f6d inmount::... com\n-000306b0: 6d61 6e64 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 mand.....File: g\n-000306c0: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-000306d0: 2063 7574 6d65 6d2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 cutmem, Next: \n-000306e0: 6461 7465 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2063 7279 date, Prev: cry\n-000306f0: 7074 6f6d 6f75 6e74 2c20 2055 703a 2043 ptomount, Up: C\n-00030700: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d ommand-line comm\n-00030710: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e31 3920 6375 ands..17.4.19 cu\n-00030720: 746d 656d 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d tmem.-----------\n-00030730: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n-00030740: 3a20 6375 746d 656d 2066 726f 6d5b 4b7c : cutmem from[K|\n-00030750: 4d7c 475d 2074 6f5b 4b7c 4d7c 475d 0a20 M|G] to[K|M|G]. \n-00030760: 2020 2020 5265 6d6f 7665 2061 6e79 206d Remove any m\n-00030770: 656d 6f72 7920 7265 6769 6f6e 7320 696e emory regions in\n-00030780: 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2072 616e 6765 specified range\n-00030790: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 2063 6f6d ... This com\n-000307a0: 6d61 6e64 206e 6f74 6966 6965 7320 7468 mand notifies th\n-000307b0: 6520 6d65 6d6f 7279 206d 616e 6167 6572 e memory manager\n-000307c0: 2074 6861 7420 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 that specified \n-000307d0: 7265 6769 6f6e 7320 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 regions of. \n-000307e0: 5241 4d20 6f75 6768 7420 746f 2062 6520 RAM ought to be \n-000307f0: 6669 6c74 6572 6564 206f 7574 2e20 2054 filtered out. T\n-00030800: 6869 7320 7265 6d61 696e 7320 696e 2065 his remains in e\n-00030810: 6666 6563 7420 6166 7465 7220 610a 2020 ffect after a. \n-00030820: 2020 2070 6179 6c6f 6164 206b 6572 6e65 payload kerne\n-00030830: 6c20 6861 7320 6265 656e 206c 6f61 6465 l has been loade\n-00030840: 6420 6279 2047 5255 422c 2061 7320 6c6f d by GRUB, as lo\n-00030850: 6e67 2061 7320 7468 6520 6c6f 6164 6564 ng as the loaded\n-00030860: 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 726e 656c 206f 6274 . kernel obt\n-00030870: 6169 6e73 2069 7473 206d 656d 6f72 7920 ains its memory \n-00030880: 6d61 7020 6672 6f6d 2047 5255 422e 204b map from GRUB. K\n-00030890: 6572 6e65 6c73 2074 6861 7420 7375 7070 ernels that supp\n-000308a0: 6f72 7420 7468 6973 0a20 2020 2020 696e ort this. in\n-000308b0: 636c 7564 6520 4c69 6e75 782c 2047 4e55 clude Linux, GNU\n-000308c0: 204d 6163 682c 2074 6865 206b 6572 6e65 Mach, the kerne\n-000308d0: 6c20 6f66 2046 7265 6542 5344 2061 6e64 l of FreeBSD and\n-000308e0: 204d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 Multiboot. \n-000308f0: 6b65 726e 656c 7320 696e 2067 656e 6572 kernels in gener\n-00030900: 616c 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 636f al... The co\n-00030910: 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 2073 696d 696c 6172 mmand is similar\n-00030920: 2074 6f20 e280 9862 6164 7261 6de2 8099 to ...badram...\n-00030930: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 command... \n-00030940: 4e6f 7465 3a20 5468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e Note: The comman\n-00030950: 6420 6973 206e 6f74 2061 6c6c 6f77 6564 d is not allowed\n-00030960: 2077 6865 6e20 6c6f 636b 646f 776e 2069 when lockdown i\n-00030970: 7320 656e 666f 7263 6564 2028 2a6e 6f74 s enforced (*not\n-00030980: 650a 2020 2020 204c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e3a e. Lockdown:\n-00030990: 3a29 2e20 2054 6869 7320 7072 6576 656e :). This preven\n-000309a0: 7473 2072 656d 6f76 696e 6720 4546 4920 ts removing EFI \n-000309b0: 6d65 6d6f 7279 2072 6567 696f 6e73 2074 memory regions t\n-000309c0: 6f0a 2020 2020 2070 6f74 656e 7469 616c o. potential\n-000309d0: 6c79 2073 7562 7665 7274 2074 6865 2073 ly subvert the s\n-000309e0: 6563 7572 6974 7920 6d65 6368 616e 6973 ecurity mechanis\n-000309f0: 6d73 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 6279 2074 ms provided by t\n-00030a00: 6865 2055 4546 490a 2020 2020 2073 6563 he UEFI. sec\n-00030a10: 7572 6520 626f 6f74 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c ure boot.....Fil\n-00030a20: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-00030a30: 6f64 653a 2064 6174 652c 2020 4e65 7874 ode: date, Next\n-00030a40: 3a20 6465 7669 6365 7472 6565 2c20 2050 : devicetree, P\n-00030a50: 7265 763a 2063 7574 6d65 6d2c 2020 5570 rev: cutmem, Up\n-00030a60: 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 : Command-line c\n-00030a70: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3230 ommands..17.4.20\n-00030a80: 2064 6174 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d date.----------\n-00030a90: 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a --.. -- Command:\n-00030aa0: 2064 6174 6520 5b5b 7965 6172 2d5d 6d6f date [[year-]mo\n-00030ab0: 6e74 682d 6461 795d 205b 686f 7572 3a6d nth-day] [hour:m\n-00030ac0: 696e 7574 655b 3a73 6563 6f6e 645d 5d0a inute[:second]].\n-00030ad0: 2020 2020 2057 6974 6820 6e6f 2061 7267 With no arg\n-00030ae0: 756d 656e 7473 2c20 7072 696e 7420 7468 uments, print th\n-00030af0: 6520 6375 7272 656e 7420 6461 7465 2061 e current date a\n-00030b00: 6e64 2074 696d 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 204f nd time... O\n-00030b10: 7468 6572 7769 7365 2c20 7461 6b65 2074 therwise, take t\n-00030b20: 6865 2063 7572 7265 6e74 2064 6174 6520 he current date \n-00030b30: 616e 6420 7469 6d65 2c20 6368 616e 6765 and time, change\n-00030b40: 2061 6e79 2065 6c65 6d65 6e74 730a 2020 any elements. \n-00030b50: 2020 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2061 7320 specified as \n-00030b60: 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 732c 2061 6e64 2073 arguments, and s\n-00030b70: 6574 2074 6865 2072 6573 756c 7420 6173 et the result as\n-00030b80: 2074 6865 206e 6577 2064 6174 6520 616e the new date an\n-00030b90: 640a 2020 2020 2074 696d 652e 2020 466f d. time. Fo\n-00030ba0: 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c 2027 6461 7465 r example, 'date\n-00030bb0: 2030 312d 3031 2720 7769 6c6c 2073 6574 01-01' will set\n-00030bc0: 2074 6865 2063 7572 7265 6e74 206d 6f6e the current mon\n-00030bd0: 7468 2061 6e64 2064 6179 0a20 2020 2020 th and day. \n-00030be0: 746f 204a 616e 7561 7279 2031 2c20 6275 to January 1, bu\n-00030bf0: 7420 6c65 6176 6520 7468 6520 7965 6172 t leave the year\n-00030c00: 2c20 686f 7572 2c20 6d69 6e75 7465 2c20 , hour, minute, \n-00030c10: 616e 6420 7365 636f 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 and second. \n-00030c20: 756e 6368 616e 6765 642e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 unchanged.....Fi\n-00030c30: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-00030c40: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6465 7669 6365 7472 6565 Node: devicetree\n-00030c50: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2064 6973 7472 7573 , Next: distrus\n-00030c60: 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6461 7465 2c20 t, Prev: date, \n-00030c70: 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e Up: Command-lin\n-00030c80: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 e commands..17.4\n-00030c90: 2e32 3120 6465 7669 6365 7472 6565 0a2d .21 devicetree.-\n-00030ca0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00030cb0: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n-00030cc0: 6465 7669 6365 7472 6565 2066 696c 650a devicetree file.\n-00030cd0: 2020 2020 204c 6f61 6420 6120 6465 7669 Load a devi\n-00030ce0: 6365 2074 7265 6520 626c 6f62 2028 2e64 ce tree blob (.d\n-00030cf0: 7462 2920 6672 6f6d 2061 2066 696c 6573 tb) from a files\n-00030d00: 7973 7465 6d2c 2066 6f72 206c 6174 6572 ystem, for later\n-00030d10: 2075 7365 2062 790a 2020 2020 2061 204c use by. a L\n-00030d20: 696e 7578 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e 2020 446f inux kernel. Do\n-00030d30: 6573 206e 6f74 2070 6572 666f 726d 206d es not perform m\n-00030d40: 6572 6769 6e67 2077 6974 6820 616e 7920 erging with any \n-00030d50: 6465 7669 6365 2074 7265 650a 2020 2020 device tree. \n-00030d60: 2073 7570 706c 6965 6420 6279 2066 6972 supplied by fir\n-00030d70: 6d77 6172 652c 2062 7574 2072 6174 6865 mware, but rathe\n-00030d80: 7220 7265 706c 6163 6573 2069 7420 636f r replaces it co\n-00030d90: 6d70 6c65 7465 6c79 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 mpletely... \n-00030da0: 4e6f 7465 3a20 5468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e Note: The comman\n-00030db0: 6420 6973 206e 6f74 2061 6c6c 6f77 6564 d is not allowed\n-00030dc0: 2077 6865 6e20 6c6f 636b 646f 776e 2069 when lockdown i\n-00030dd0: 7320 656e 666f 7263 6564 2028 2a6e 6f74 s enforced (*not\n-00030de0: 650a 2020 2020 204c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e3a e. Lockdown:\n-00030df0: 3a29 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 2064 6f6e :). This is don\n-00030e00: 6520 746f 2070 7265 7665 6e74 2073 7562 e to prevent sub\n-00030e10: 7665 7274 696e 6720 7661 7269 6f75 7320 verting various \n-00030e20: 7365 6375 7269 7479 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 security. me\n-00030e30: 6368 616e 6973 6d73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c chanisms.....Fil\n-00030e40: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-00030e50: 6f64 653a 2064 6973 7472 7573 742c 2020 ode: distrust, \n-00030e60: 4e65 7874 3a20 6472 6976 656d 6170 2c20 Next: drivemap, \n-00030e70: 2050 7265 763a 2064 6576 6963 6574 7265 Prev: devicetre\n-00030e80: 652c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d e, Up: Command-\n-00030e90: 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 line commands..1\n-00030ea0: 372e 342e 3232 2064 6973 7472 7573 740a 7.4.22 distrust.\n-00030eb0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00030ec0: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2064 .. -- Command: d\n-00030ed0: 6973 7472 7573 7420 7075 626b 6579 5f69 istrust pubkey_i\n-00030ee0: 640a 2020 2020 2052 656d 6f76 6520 7075 d. Remove pu\n-00030ef0: 626c 6963 206b 6579 2050 5542 4b45 595f blic key PUBKEY_\n-00030f00: 4944 2066 726f 6d20 4752 5542 2773 206b ID from GRUB's k\n-00030f10: 6579 7269 6e67 206f 6620 7472 7573 7465 eyring of truste\n-00030f20: 6420 6b65 7973 2e0a 2020 2020 2050 5542 d keys.. PUB\n-00030f30: 4b45 595f 4944 2069 7320 7468 6520 6c61 KEY_ID is the la\n-00030f40: 7374 2066 6f75 7220 6279 7465 7320 2865 st four bytes (e\n-00030f50: 6967 6874 2068 6578 6164 6563 696d 616c ight hexadecimal\n-00030f60: 2064 6967 6974 7329 206f 6620 7468 650a digits) of the.\n-00030f70: 2020 2020 2047 5047 2076 3420 6b65 7920 GPG v4 key \n-00030f80: 6964 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6973 2061 6c73 id, which is als\n-00030f90: 6f20 7468 6520 6f75 7470 7574 206f 6620 o the output of \n-00030fa0: e280 986c 6973 745f 7472 7573 7465 64e2 ...list_trusted.\n-00030fb0: 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 206c .. (*note. l\n-00030fc0: 6973 745f 7472 7573 7465 643a 3a29 2e20 ist_trusted::). \n-00030fd0: 204f 7574 7369 6465 206f 6620 4752 5542 Outside of GRUB\n-00030fe0: 2c20 7468 6520 6b65 7920 6964 2063 616e , the key id can\n-00030ff0: 2062 6520 6f62 7461 696e 6564 2075 7369 be obtained usi\n-00031000: 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9867 7067 202d ng. ...gpg -\n-00031010: 2d66 696e 6765 7270 7269 6e74 e280 9929 -fingerprint...)\n-00031020: 2e20 2054 6865 7365 206b 6579 7320 6172 . These keys ar\n-00031030: 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f20 7661 6c69 6461 e used to valida\n-00031040: 7465 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 730a 2020 te signatures. \n-00031050: 2020 2077 6865 6e20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d when environm\n-00031060: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 20e2 8098 ent variable ...\n-00031070: 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 check_signatures\n-00031080: e280 9920 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f20 e280 ... is set to ..\n-00031090: 9865 6e66 6f72 6365 e280 990a 2020 2020 .enforce.... \n-000310a0: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 (*note check_si\n-000310b0: 676e 6174 7572 6573 3a3a 292c 2061 6e64 gnatures::), and\n-000310c0: 2062 7920 736f 6d65 2069 6e76 6f63 6174 by some invocat\n-000310d0: 696f 6e73 206f 660a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 ions of. ...\n-000310e0: 7665 7269 6679 5f64 6574 6163 6865 64e2 verify_detached.\n-000310f0: 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 7665 7269 6679 .. (*note verify\n-00031100: 5f64 6574 6163 6865 643a 3a29 2e20 202a _detached::). *\n-00031110: 4e6f 7465 2055 7369 6e67 2064 6967 6974 Note Using digit\n-00031120: 616c 0a20 2020 2020 7369 676e 6174 7572 al. signatur\n-00031130: 6573 3a3a 2c20 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 2069 es::, for more i\n-00031140: 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 nformation.....F\n-00031150: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-00031160: 204e 6f64 653a 2064 7269 7665 6d61 702c Node: drivemap,\n-00031170: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6563 686f 2c20 2050 Next: echo, P\n-00031180: 7265 763a 2064 6973 7472 7573 742c 2020 rev: distrust, \n-00031190: 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 Up: Command-line\n-000311a0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e commands..17.4.\n-000311b0: 3233 2064 7269 7665 6d61 700a 2d2d 2d2d 23 drivemap.----\n-000311c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n-000311d0: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2064 7269 7665 - Command: drive\n-000311e0: 6d61 7020 2d6c 7c2d 727c 5b2d 735d 2066 map -l|-r|[-s] f\n-000311f0: 726f 6d5f 6472 6976 6520 746f 5f64 7269 rom_drive to_dri\n-00031200: 7665 0a20 2020 2020 5769 7468 6f75 7420 ve. Without \n-00031210: 6f70 7469 6f6e 732c 206d 6170 2074 6865 options, map the\n-00031220: 2064 7269 7665 2046 524f 4d5f 4452 4956 drive FROM_DRIV\n-00031230: 4520 746f 2074 6865 2064 7269 7665 2054 E to the drive T\n-00031240: 4f5f 4452 4956 452e 0a20 2020 2020 5468 O_DRIVE.. Th\n-00031250: 6973 2069 7320 6e65 6365 7373 6172 7920 is is necessary \n-00031260: 7768 656e 2079 6f75 2063 6861 696e 2d6c when you chain-l\n-00031270: 6f61 6420 736f 6d65 206f 7065 7261 7469 oad some operati\n-00031280: 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2c20 7375 6368 ng systems, such\n-00031290: 0a20 2020 2020 6173 2044 4f53 2c20 6966 . as DOS, if\n-000312a0: 2073 7563 6820 616e 204f 5320 7265 7369 such an OS resi\n-000312b0: 6465 7320 6174 2061 206e 6f6e 2d66 6972 des at a non-fir\n-000312c0: 7374 2064 7269 7665 2e20 2046 6f72 0a20 st drive. For. \n-000312d0: 2020 2020 636f 6e76 656e 6965 6e63 652c convenience,\n-000312e0: 2061 6e79 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2073 any partition s\n-000312f0: 7566 6669 7820 6f6e 2074 6865 2064 7269 uffix on the dri\n-00031300: 7665 2069 7320 6967 6e6f 7265 642c 2073 ve is ignored, s\n-00031310: 6f20 796f 750a 2020 2020 2063 616e 2073 o you. can s\n-00031320: 6166 656c 7920 7573 6520 247b 726f 6f74 afely use ${root\n-00031330: 7d20 6173 2061 2064 7269 7665 2073 7065 } as a drive spe\n-00031340: 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 cification... \n-00031350: 2020 5769 7468 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2d73 With the ...-s\n-00031360: e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2c20 7065 7266 ... option, perf\n-00031370: 6f72 6d20 7468 6520 7265 7665 7273 6520 orm the reverse \n-00031380: 6d61 7070 696e 6720 6173 2077 656c 6c2c mapping as well,\n-00031390: 2073 7761 7070 696e 670a 2020 2020 2074 swapping. t\n-000313a0: 6865 2074 776f 2064 7269 7665 732e 0a0a he two drives...\n-000313b0: 2020 2020 2057 6974 6820 7468 6520 e280 With the ..\n-000313c0: 982d 6ce2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e2c 206c .-l... option, l\n-000313d0: 6973 7420 7468 6520 6375 7272 656e 7420 ist the current \n-000313e0: 6d61 7070 696e 6773 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 mappings... \n-000313f0: 5769 7468 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2d72 e280 With the ...-r..\n-00031400: 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2c20 7265 7365 7420 . option, reset \n-00031410: 616c 6c20 6d61 7070 696e 6773 2074 6f20 all mappings to \n-00031420: 7468 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 7661 6c75 the default valu\n-00031430: 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 466f 7220 6578 es... For ex\n-00031440: 616d 706c 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ample:.. \n-00031450: 2020 6472 6976 656d 6170 202d 7320 2868 drivemap -s (h\n-00031460: 6430 2920 2868 6431 290a 0a20 2020 2020 d0) (hd1).. \n-00031470: 4e4f 5445 3a20 4f6e 6c79 2061 7661 696c NOTE: Only avail\n-00031480: 6162 6c65 206f 6e20 6933 3836 2d70 632e able on i386-pc.\n-00031490: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-000314a0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6563 686f nfo, Node: echo\n-000314b0: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2065 6669 7465 7874 , Next: efitext\n-000314c0: 6d6f 6465 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2064 7269 mode, Prev: dri\n-000314d0: 7665 6d61 702c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d vemap, Up: Comm\n-000314e0: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 and-line command\n-000314f0: 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3234 2065 6368 6f0a s..17.4.24 echo.\n-00031500: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n-00031510: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2065 6368 6f20 - Command: echo \n-00031520: 5b2d 6e5d 205b 2d65 5d20 7374 7269 6e67 [-n] [-e] string\n-00031530: 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 4469 7370 6c61 .... Displa\n-00031540: 7920 7468 6520 7265 7175 6573 7465 6420 y the requested \n-00031550: 7465 7874 2061 6e64 2c20 756e 6c65 7373 text and, unless\n-00031560: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2d6e e280 9920 6f70 the ...-n... op\n-00031570: 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 7573 6564 2c20 610a tion is used, a.\n-00031580: 2020 2020 2074 7261 696c 696e 6720 6e65 trailing ne\n-00031590: 7720 6c69 6e65 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6572 w line. If ther\n-000315a0: 6520 6973 206d 6f72 6520 7468 616e 206f e is more than o\n-000315b0: 6e65 2073 7472 696e 672c 2074 6865 7920 ne string, they \n-000315c0: 6172 650a 2020 2020 2073 6570 6172 6174 are. separat\n-000315d0: 6564 2062 7920 7370 6163 6573 2069 6e20 ed by spaces in \n-000315e0: 7468 6520 6f75 7470 7574 2e20 2041 7320 the output. As \n-000315f0: 7573 7561 6c20 696e 2047 5255 4220 636f usual in GRUB co\n-00031600: 6d6d 616e 6473 2c0a 2020 2020 2076 6172 mmands,. var\n-00031610: 6961 626c 6573 206d 6179 2062 6520 7375 iables may be su\n-00031620: 6273 7469 7475 7465 6420 7573 696e 6720 bstituted using \n-00031630: e280 9824 7b76 6172 7de2 8099 2e0a 0a20 ...${var}...... \n-00031640: 2020 2020 5468 6520 e280 982d 65e2 8099 The ...-e...\n-00031650: 206f 7074 696f 6e20 656e 6162 6c65 7320 option enables \n-00031660: 696e 7465 7270 7265 7461 7469 6f6e 206f interpretation o\n-00031670: 6620 6261 636b 736c 6173 6820 6573 6361 f backslash esca\n-00031680: 7065 732e 2020 5468 650a 2020 2020 2066 pes. The. f\n-00031690: 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2073 6571 7565 6e63 ollowing sequenc\n-000316a0: 6573 2061 7265 2072 6563 6f67 6e69 7365 es are recognise\n-000316b0: 643a 0a0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 5c5c e280 d:.. ...\\\\..\n-000316c0: 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6261 636b .. back\n-000316d0: 736c 6173 680a 0a20 2020 2020 e280 985c slash.. ...\\\n-000316e0: 61e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2061 a.... a\n-000316f0: 6c65 7274 2028 4245 4c29 0a0a 2020 2020 lert (BEL).. \n-00031700: 20e2 8098 5c63 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 ...\\c.... \n-00031710: 2020 2020 7375 7070 7265 7373 2074 7261 suppress tra\n-00031720: 696c 696e 6720 6e65 7720 6c69 6e65 0a0a iling new line..\n-00031730: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 5c66 e280 990a 2020 ...\\f.... \n-00031740: 2020 2020 2020 2020 666f 726d 2066 6565 form fee\n-00031750: 640a 0a20 2020 2020 e280 985c 6ee2 8099 d.. ...\\n...\n-00031760: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6577 206c . new l\n-00031770: 696e 650a 0a20 2020 2020 e280 985c 72e2 ine.. ...\\r.\n-00031780: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 6172 ... car\n-00031790: 7269 6167 6520 7265 7475 726e 0a0a 2020 riage return.. \n-000317a0: 2020 20e2 8098 5c74 e280 990a 2020 2020 ...\\t.... \n-000317b0: 2020 2020 2020 686f 7269 7a6f 6e74 616c horizontal\n-000317c0: 2074 6162 0a0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 5c76 tab.. ...\\v\n-000317d0: e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7665 .... ve\n-000317e0: 7274 6963 616c 2074 6162 0a0a 2020 2020 rtical tab.. \n-000317f0: 2057 6865 6e20 696e 7465 7270 7265 7469 When interpreti\n-00031800: 6e67 2062 6163 6b73 6c61 7368 2065 7363 ng backslash esc\n-00031810: 6170 6573 2c20 6261 636b 736c 6173 6820 apes, backslash \n-00031820: 666f 6c6c 6f77 6564 2062 7920 616e 790a followed by any.\n-00031830: 2020 2020 206f 7468 6572 2063 6861 7261 other chara\n-00031840: 6374 6572 2077 696c 6c20 7072 696e 7420 cter will print \n-00031850: 7468 6174 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 2e0a that character..\n-00031860: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-00031870: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2065 6669 7465 fo, Node: efite\n-00031880: 7874 6d6f 6465 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2065 xtmode, Next: e\n-00031890: 7661 6c2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6563 686f val, Prev: echo\n-000318a0: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c , Up: Command-l\n-000318b0: 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 ine commands..17\n-000318c0: 2e34 2e32 3520 6566 6974 6578 746d 6f64 .4.25 efitextmod\n-000318d0: 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d e.--------------\n-000318e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 -----.. -- Comma\n-000318f0: 6e64 3a20 6566 6974 6578 746d 6f64 6520 nd: efitextmode \n-00031900: 5b6d 696e 207c 206d 6178 207c 203c 6d6f [min | max | | \n-00031920: 203c 726f 7773 3e5d 0a20 2020 2020 5768 ]. Wh\n-00031930: 656e 2075 7365 6420 7769 7468 206e 6f20 en used with no \n-00031940: 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 7320 6469 7370 6c61 arguments displa\n-00031950: 7973 2061 6c6c 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 ys all available\n-00031960: 2074 6578 7420 6f75 7470 7574 0a20 2020 text output. \n-00031970: 2020 6d6f 6465 732e 2020 5468 6520 7365 modes. The se\n-00031980: 7420 6d6f 6465 2064 6574 6572 6d69 6e65 t mode determine\n-00031990: 7320 7468 6520 636f 6c75 6d6e 7320 616e s the columns an\n-000319a0: 6420 726f 7773 206f 6620 7468 6520 7465 d rows of the te\n-000319b0: 7874 0a20 2020 2020 6469 7370 6c61 7920 xt. display \n-000319c0: 7768 656e 2069 6e20 7465 7874 206d 6f64 when in text mod\n-000319d0: 652e 2020 416e 2061 7374 6572 6973 6b2c e. An asterisk,\n-000319e0: 20e2 8098 2ae2 8099 2c20 7769 6c6c 2062 ...*..., will b\n-000319f0: 6520 6174 2074 6865 2065 6e64 206f 660a e at the end of.\n-00031a00: 2020 2020 2074 6865 206c 696e 6520 6f66 the line of\n-00031a10: 2074 6865 2063 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 2073 the currently s\n-00031a20: 6574 206d 6f64 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 et mode... I\n-00031a30: 6620 6769 7665 6e20 6120 7369 6e67 6c65 f given a single\n-00031a40: 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 2c20 6974 206d parameter, it m\n-00031a50: 7573 7420 6265 20e2 8098 6d69 6ee2 8099 ust be ...min...\n-00031a60: 2c20 e280 986d 6178 e280 992c 206f 7220 , ...max..., or \n-00031a70: 6120 6d6f 6465 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d62 a mode. numb\n-00031a80: 6572 2067 6976 656e 2062 7920 7468 6520 er given by the \n-00031a90: 6c69 7374 696e 6720 7768 656e 2072 756e listing when run\n-00031aa0: 2077 6974 6820 6e6f 2061 7267 756d 656e with no argumen\n-00031ab0: 7473 2e20 2054 6865 7365 0a20 2020 2020 ts. These. \n-00031ac0: 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 7320 7365 7420 7468 arguments set th\n-00031ad0: 6520 6d6f 6465 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6d69 e mode to the mi\n-00031ae0: 6e69 6d75 6d2c 206d 6178 696d 756d 2c20 nimum, maximum, \n-00031af0: 616e 6420 7061 7274 6963 756c 6172 206d and particular m\n-00031b00: 6f64 650a 2020 2020 2072 6573 7065 6374 ode. respect\n-00031b10: 6976 656c 792e 0a0a 2020 2020 204f 7468 ively... Oth\n-00031b20: 6572 7769 7365 2c20 7468 6520 636f 6d6d erwise, the comm\n-00031b30: 616e 6420 6d75 7374 2062 6520 6769 7665 and must be give\n-00031b40: 6e20 7477 6f20 6e75 6d65 7269 6361 6c20 n two numerical \n-00031b50: 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 730a 2020 2020 2073 arguments. s\n-00031b60: 7065 6369 6679 696e 6720 7468 6520 636f pecifying the co\n-00031b70: 6c75 6d6e 7320 616e 6420 726f 7773 206f lumns and rows o\n-00031b80: 6620 7468 6520 6465 7369 7265 6420 6d6f f the desired mo\n-00031b90: 6465 2e20 2053 7065 6369 6679 696e 6720 de. Specifying \n-00031ba0: 610a 2020 2020 2063 6f6c 756d 6e73 2061 a. columns a\n-00031bb0: 6e64 2072 6f77 7320 636f 6d62 696e 6174 nd rows combinat\n-00031bc0: 696f 6e20 7468 6174 2063 6f72 7265 7370 ion that corresp\n-00031bd0: 6f6e 6473 2074 6f20 6e6f 2073 7570 706f onds to no suppo\n-00031be0: 7274 6564 206d 6f64 652c 0a20 2020 2020 rted mode,. \n-00031bf0: 7769 6c6c 2072 6574 7572 6e20 6572 726f will return erro\n-00031c00: 722c 2062 7574 206f 7468 6572 7769 7365 r, but otherwise\n-00031c10: 2068 6176 6520 6e6f 2065 6666 6563 742e have no effect.\n-00031c20: 0a0a 2020 2020 2042 7920 6465 6661 756c .. By defaul\n-00031c30: 7420 4752 5542 2077 696c 6c20 7374 6172 t GRUB will star\n-00031c40: 7420 696e 2077 6861 7465 7665 7220 6d6f t in whatever mo\n-00031c50: 6465 2074 6865 2045 4649 2066 6972 6d77 de the EFI firmw\n-00031c60: 6172 650a 2020 2020 2064 6566 6175 6c74 are. default\n-00031c70: 7320 746f 2e20 2054 6865 7265 2061 7265 s to. There are\n-00031c80: 2066 6972 6d77 6172 6573 206b 6e6f 776e firmwares known\n-00031c90: 2074 6f20 7365 7420 7570 2074 6865 2064 to set up the d\n-00031ca0: 6566 6175 6c74 206d 6f64 650a 2020 2020 efault mode. \n-00031cb0: 2073 7563 6820 7468 6174 206f 7574 7075 such that outpu\n-00031cc0: 7420 6265 6861 7665 7320 7374 7261 6e67 t behaves strang\n-00031cd0: 656c 792c 2066 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 ely, for example\n-00031ce0: 2074 6865 2063 7572 736f 7220 696e 2074 the cursor in t\n-00031cf0: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 4752 5542 2073 6865 he. GRUB she\n-00031d00: 6c6c 206e 6576 6572 2072 6561 6368 6573 ll never reaches\n-00031d10: 2074 6865 2062 6f74 746f 6d20 6f66 2074 the bottom of t\n-00031d20: 6865 2073 6372 6565 6e20 6f72 2c20 7768 he screen or, wh\n-00031d30: 656e 2074 7970 696e 670a 2020 2020 2063 en typing. c\n-00031d40: 6861 7261 6374 6572 7320 6174 2074 6865 haracters at the\n-00031d50: 2070 726f 6d70 742c 2063 6861 7261 6374 prompt, charact\n-00031d60: 6572 7320 6672 6f6d 2070 7265 7669 6f75 ers from previou\n-00031d70: 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6f75 7470 7574 s command output\n-00031d80: 0a20 2020 2020 6172 6520 6f76 6572 7772 . are overwr\n-00031d90: 6974 7465 6e2e 2020 5365 7474 696e 6720 itten. Setting \n-00031da0: 7468 6520 6d6f 6465 206d 6179 2066 6978 the mode may fix\n-00031db0: 2074 6869 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 this... The\n-00031dc0: 2045 4649 2073 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 EFI specificati\n-00031dd0: 6f6e 2073 6179 7320 7468 6174 206d 6f64 on says that mod\n-00031de0: 6520 3020 6d75 7374 2062 6520 6176 6169 e 0 must be avai\n-00031df0: 6c61 626c 6520 616e 6420 6861 7665 0a20 lable and have. \n-00031e00: 2020 2020 636f 6c75 6d6e 7320 616e 6420 columns and \n-00031e10: 726f 7773 206f 6620 3830 2061 6e64 2032 rows of 80 and 2\n-00031e20: 3520 7265 7370 6563 7469 7665 6c79 2e20 5 respectively. \n-00031e30: 204d 6f64 6520 3120 6d61 7920 6265 2064 Mode 1 may be d\n-00031e40: 6566 696e 6564 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 efined. and \n-00031e50: 6966 2073 6f20 6d75 7374 2068 6176 6520 if so must have \n-00031e60: 636f 6c75 6d6e 7320 616e 6420 726f 7773 columns and rows\n-00031e70: 206f 6620 3830 2061 6e64 2035 3020 7265 of 80 and 50 re\n-00031e80: 7370 6563 7469 7665 6c79 2e0a 2020 2020 spectively.. \n-00031e90: 2041 6e79 206f 7468 6572 206d 6f64 6573 Any other modes\n-00031ea0: 206d 6179 2068 6176 6520 636f 6c75 6d6e may have column\n-00031eb0: 7320 616e 6420 726f 7773 2061 7262 6974 s and rows arbit\n-00031ec0: 7261 7269 6c79 2064 6566 696e 6564 2062 rarily defined b\n-00031ed0: 790a 2020 2020 2074 6865 2066 6972 6d77 y. the firmw\n-00031ee0: 6172 652e 2020 5468 6973 206d 6561 6e73 are. This means\n-00031ef0: 2074 6861 7420 6120 6d6f 6465 2077 6974 that a mode wit\n-00031f00: 6820 636f 6c75 6d6e 7320 616e 6420 726f h columns and ro\n-00031f10: 7773 206f 6620 3130 300a 2020 2020 2061 ws of 100. a\n-00031f20: 6e64 2033 3120 6f6e 206f 6e65 2066 6972 nd 31 on one fir\n-00031f30: 6d77 6172 6520 6d61 7920 6265 2061 2064 mware may be a d\n-00031f40: 6966 6665 7265 6e74 206d 6f64 6520 6e75 ifferent mode nu\n-00031f50: 6d62 6572 206f 6e20 610a 2020 2020 2064 mber on a. d\n-00031f60: 6966 6665 7265 6e74 2066 6972 6d77 6172 ifferent firmwar\n-00031f70: 6520 6f72 206e 6f74 2065 7869 7374 2061 e or not exist a\n-00031f80: 7420 616c 6c2e 2020 4c69 6b65 7769 7365 t all. Likewise\n-00031f90: 2c20 6d6f 6465 206e 756d 6265 7220 3220 , mode number 2 \n-00031fa0: 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 6f6e 6520 6669 726d on. one firm\n-00031fb0: 7761 7265 206d 6179 2068 6176 6520 6120 ware may have a \n-00031fc0: 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 6e75 6d62 6572 different number\n-00031fd0: 206f 6620 636f 6c75 6d6e 7320 616e 6420 of columns and \n-00031fe0: 726f 7773 2074 6861 6e0a 2020 2020 206d rows than. m\n-00031ff0: 6f64 6520 3220 6f6e 2061 2064 6966 6665 ode 2 on a diffe\n-00032000: 7265 6e74 2066 6972 6d77 6172 652e 2020 rent firmware. \n-00032010: 536f 206f 6e65 2073 686f 756c 6420 6e6f So one should no\n-00032020: 7420 7265 6c79 206f 6e20 610a 2020 2020 t rely on a. \n-00032030: 2070 6172 7469 6375 6c61 7220 6d6f 6465 particular mode\n-00032040: 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f72 2061 206d 6f64 number or a mod\n-00032050: 6520 6f66 2061 2063 6572 7461 696e 206e e of a certain n\n-00032060: 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2063 6f6c 756d 6e73 umber of columns\n-00032070: 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 726f 7773 2065 and. rows e\n-00032080: 7869 7374 696e 6720 6f6e 2061 6c6c 2066 xisting on all f\n-00032090: 6972 6d77 6172 6573 2c20 6578 6365 7074 irmwares, except\n-000320a0: 2066 6f72 206d 6f64 6520 302e 0a0a 2020 for mode 0... \n-000320b0: 2020 204e 6f74 653a 2054 6869 7320 636f Note: This co\n-000320c0: 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 206f 6e6c 7920 6176 mmand is only av\n-000320d0: 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6f6e 2045 4649 2070 ailable on EFI p\n-000320e0: 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2061 6e64 2069 730a latforms and is.\n-000320f0: 2020 2020 2073 696d 696c 6172 2074 6f20 similar to \n-00032100: 4546 4920 7368 656c 6c20 226d 6f64 6522 EFI shell \"mode\"\n-00032110: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c command.....Fil\n-00032120: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-00032130: 6f64 653a 2065 7661 6c2c 2020 4e65 7874 ode: eval, Next\n-00032140: 3a20 6578 706f 7274 2c20 2050 7265 763a : export, Prev:\n-00032150: 2065 6669 7465 7874 6d6f 6465 2c20 2055 efitextmode, U\n-00032160: 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 p: Command-line \n-00032170: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e32 commands..17.4.2\n-00032180: 3620 6576 616c 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 6 eval.---------\n-00032190: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n-000321a0: 3a20 6576 616c 2073 7472 696e 6720 2e2e : eval string ..\n-000321b0: 2e0a 2020 2020 2043 6f6e 6361 7465 6e61 .. Concatena\n-000321c0: 7465 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 2074 6f67 te arguments tog\n-000321d0: 6574 6865 7220 7573 696e 6720 7369 6e67 ether using sing\n-000321e0: 6c65 2073 7061 6365 2061 7320 7365 7061 le space as sepa\n-000321f0: 7261 746f 7220 616e 640a 2020 2020 2065 rator and. e\n-00032200: 7661 6c75 6174 6520 7265 7375 6c74 2061 valuate result a\n-00032210: 7320 7365 7175 656e 6365 206f 6620 4752 s sequence of GR\n-00032220: 5542 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732e 0a0a 1f0a UB commands.....\n-00032230: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-00032240: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6578 706f 7274 2c20 Node: export, \n-00032250: 204e 6578 743a 2066 616c 7365 2c20 2050 Next: false, P\n-00032260: 7265 763a 2065 7661 6c2c 2020 5570 3a20 rev: eval, Up: \n-00032270: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d Command-line com\n-00032280: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3237 2065 mands..17.4.27 e\n-00032290: 7870 6f72 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d xport.----------\n-000322a0: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n-000322b0: 643a 2065 7870 6f72 7420 656e 7676 6172 d: export envvar\n-000322c0: 0a20 2020 2020 4578 706f 7274 2074 6865 . Export the\n-000322d0: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n-000322e0: 6961 626c 6520 454e 5656 4152 2e20 2045 iable ENVVAR. E\n-000322f0: 7870 6f72 7465 6420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 xported variable\n-00032300: 7320 6172 650a 2020 2020 2076 6973 6962 s are. visib\n-00032310: 6c65 2074 6f20 7375 6273 6964 6961 7279 le to subsidiary\n-00032320: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 configuration f\n-00032330: 696c 6573 206c 6f61 6465 6420 7573 696e iles loaded usin\n-00032340: 670a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 636f 6e66 6967 g. ...config\n-00032350: 6669 6c65 e280 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 file........File\n-00032360: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-00032370: 6465 3a20 6661 6c73 652c 2020 4e65 7874 de: false, Next\n-00032380: 3a20 6677 7365 7475 702c 2020 5072 6576 : fwsetup, Prev\n-00032390: 3a20 6578 706f 7274 2c20 2055 703a 2043 : export, Up: C\n-000323a0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d ommand-line comm\n-000323b0: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e32 3820 6661 ands..17.4.28 fa\n-000323c0: 6c73 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d lse.------------\n-000323d0: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n-000323e0: 6661 6c73 650a 2020 2020 2044 6f20 6e6f false. Do no\n-000323f0: 7468 696e 672c 2075 6e73 7563 6365 7373 thing, unsuccess\n-00032400: 6675 6c6c 792e 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 fully. This is \n-00032410: 6d61 696e 6c79 2075 7365 6675 6c20 696e mainly useful in\n-00032420: 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 0a20 2020 2020 636f control. co\n-00032430: 6e73 7472 7563 7473 2073 7563 6820 6173 nstructs such as\n-00032440: 20e2 8098 6966 e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 ...if... and ..\n-00032450: 9877 6869 6c65 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 .while... (*note\n-00032460: 2053 6865 6c6c 2d6c 696b 6520 7363 7269 Shell-like scri\n-00032470: 7074 696e 673a 3a29 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c pting::).....Fil\n-00032480: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-00032490: 6f64 653a 2066 7773 6574 7570 2c20 204e ode: fwsetup, N\n-000324a0: 6578 743a 2067 6462 696e 666f 2c20 2050 ext: gdbinfo, P\n-000324b0: 7265 763a 2066 616c 7365 2c20 2055 703a rev: false, Up:\n-000324c0: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f Command-line co\n-000324d0: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e32 3920 mmands..17.4.29 \n-000324e0: 6677 7365 7475 700a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d fwsetup.--------\n-000324f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n-00032500: 6d61 6e64 3a20 6677 7365 7475 7020 5b2d mand: fwsetup [-\n-00032510: 2d69 732d 7375 7070 6f72 7465 645d 0a20 -is-supported]. \n-00032520: 2020 2020 5265 626f 6f74 2069 6e74 6f20 Reboot into \n-00032530: 7468 6520 6669 726d 7761 7265 2073 6574 the firmware set\n-00032540: 7570 206d 656e 752e 2020 4966 20e2 8098 up menu. If ...\n-00032550: 2d2d 6973 2d73 7570 706f 7274 6564 e280 --is-supported..\n-00032560: 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 730a 2020 2020 . option is. \n-00032570: 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2c20 696e 7374 specified, inst\n-00032580: 6561 6420 6368 6563 6b20 7768 6574 6865 ead check whethe\n-00032590: 7220 7468 6520 6669 726d 7761 7265 2073 r the firmware s\n-000325a0: 7570 706f 7274 7320 6120 7365 7475 7020 upports a setup \n-000325b0: 6d65 6e75 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 6578 menu. and ex\n-000325c0: 6974 2073 7563 6365 7373 6675 6c6c 7920 it successfully \n-000325d0: 6966 2073 6f2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 if so.....File: \n-000325e0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-000325f0: 3a20 6764 6269 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e65 7874 : gdbinfo, Next\n-00032600: 3a20 6765 7474 6578 742c 2020 5072 6576 : gettext, Prev\n-00032610: 3a20 6677 7365 7475 702c 2020 5570 3a20 : fwsetup, Up: \n-00032620: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d Command-line com\n-00032630: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3330 2067 mands..17.4.30 g\n-00032640: 6462 696e 666f 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d dbinfo.---------\n-00032650: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n-00032660: 616e 643a 2067 6462 696e 666f 0a20 2020 and: gdbinfo. \n-00032670: 2020 4f75 7470 7574 2074 6578 7420 746f Output text to\n-00032680: 2062 6520 7573 6564 2061 7320 6120 4744 be used as a GD\n-00032690: 4220 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 666f 7220 6120 B command for a \n-000326a0: 4744 4220 7365 7373 696f 6e20 7573 696e GDB session usin\n-000326b0: 6720 7468 650a 2020 2020 2067 6462 5f67 g the. gdb_g\n-000326c0: 7275 6220 7363 7269 7074 2061 6e64 2061 rub script and a\n-000326d0: 7474 6163 6865 6420 746f 2061 2072 756e ttached to a run\n-000326e0: 6e69 6e67 2047 5255 4220 696e 7374 616e ning GRUB instan\n-000326f0: 6365 2e20 2054 6865 2047 4442 0a20 2020 ce. The GDB. \n-00032700: 2020 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 7468 6174 2069 command that i\n-00032710: 7320 6f75 7470 7574 2077 696c 6c20 7465 s output will te\n-00032720: 6c6c 2047 4442 2068 6f77 2074 6f20 6c6f ll GDB how to lo\n-00032730: 6164 2064 6562 7567 6769 6e67 2073 796d ad debugging sym\n-00032740: 626f 6c73 0a20 2020 2020 746f 2074 6865 bols. to the\n-00032750: 6972 2070 726f 7065 7220 7275 6e74 696d ir proper runtim\n-00032760: 6520 6164 6472 6573 732e 2020 4375 7272 e address. Curr\n-00032770: 656e 746c 7920 7468 6973 2069 7320 6f6e ently this is on\n-00032780: 6c79 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 0a20 2020 ly available. \n-00032790: 2020 666f 7220 4546 4920 706c 6174 666f for EFI platfo\n-000327a0: 726d 732e 2020 5365 6520 7468 6520 4465 rms. See the De\n-000327b0: 6275 6767 696e 6720 696e 2074 6865 2064 bugging in the d\n-000327c0: 6576 656c 6f70 6572 0a20 2020 2020 646f eveloper. do\n-000327d0: 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 666f 7220 cumentation for \n-000327e0: 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e more information\n-000327f0: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-00032800: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2067 6574 info, Node: get\n-00032810: 7465 7874 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2067 7074 text, Next: gpt\n-00032820: 7379 6e63 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2067 6462 sync, Prev: gdb\n-00032830: 696e 666f 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 info, Up: Comma\n-00032840: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 nd-line commands\n-00032850: 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e33 3120 6765 7474 6578 ..17.4.31 gettex\n-00032860: 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d t.--------------\n-00032870: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n-00032880: 6765 7474 6578 7420 7374 7269 6e67 0a20 gettext string. \n-00032890: 2020 2020 5472 616e 736c 6174 6520 5354 Translate ST\n-000328a0: 5249 4e47 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 6375 RING into the cu\n-000328b0: 7272 656e 7420 6c61 6e67 7561 6765 2e0a rrent language..\n-000328c0: 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 6375 7272 656e . The curren\n-000328d0: 7420 6c61 6e67 7561 6765 2063 6f64 6520 t language code \n-000328e0: 6973 2073 746f 7265 6420 696e 2074 6865 is stored in the\n-000328f0: 20e2 8098 6c61 6e67 e280 9920 7661 7269 ...lang... vari\n-00032900: 6162 6c65 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2047 5255 able in. GRU\n-00032910: 4227 7320 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 B's environment \n-00032920: 282a 6e6f 7465 206c 616e 673a 3a29 2e20 (*note lang::). \n-00032930: 2054 7261 6e73 6c61 7469 6f6e 2066 696c Translation fil\n-00032940: 6573 2069 6e20 4d4f 2066 6f72 6d61 740a es in MO format.\n-00032950: 2020 2020 2061 7265 2072 6561 6420 6672 are read fr\n-00032960: 6f6d 20e2 8098 6c6f 6361 6c65 5f64 6972 om ...locale_dir\n-00032970: e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 206c 6f63 616c ... (*note local\n-00032980: 655f 6469 723a 3a29 2c20 7573 7561 6c6c e_dir::), usuall\n-00032990: 790a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f y. .../boot/\n-000329a0: 6772 7562 2f6c 6f63 616c 65e2 8099 2e0a grub/locale.....\n-000329b0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-000329c0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2067 7074 7379 fo, Node: gptsy\n-000329d0: 6e63 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2068 616c 742c nc, Next: halt,\n-000329e0: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6765 7474 6578 742c Prev: gettext,\n-000329f0: 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 Up: Command-li\n-00032a00: 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ne commands..17.\n-00032a10: 342e 3332 2067 7074 7379 6e63 0a2d 2d2d 4.32 gptsync.---\n-00032a20: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n-00032a30: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2067 7074 7379 - Command: gptsy\n-00032a40: 6e63 2064 6576 6963 6520 5b70 6172 7469 nc device [parti\n-00032a50: 7469 6f6e 5b2b 2f2d 5b74 7970 655d 5d5d tion[+/-[type]]]\n-00032a60: 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 4469 736b 7320 .... Disks \n-00032a70: 7573 696e 6720 7468 6520 4755 4944 2050 using the GUID P\n-00032a80: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2054 6162 6c65 2028 artition Table (\n-00032a90: 4750 5429 2061 6c73 6f20 6861 7665 2061 GPT) also have a\n-00032aa0: 206c 6567 6163 790a 2020 2020 204d 6173 legacy. Mas\n-00032ab0: 7465 7220 426f 6f74 2052 6563 6f72 6420 ter Boot Record \n-00032ac0: 284d 4252 2920 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 (MBR) partition \n-00032ad0: 7461 626c 6520 666f 7220 636f 6d70 6174 table for compat\n-00032ae0: 6962 696c 6974 7920 7769 7468 2074 6865 ibility with the\n-00032af0: 0a20 2020 2020 4249 4f53 2061 6e64 2077 . BIOS and w\n-00032b00: 6974 6820 6f6c 6465 7220 6f70 6572 6174 ith older operat\n-00032b10: 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 732e 2020 5468 ing systems. Th\n-00032b20: 6520 6c65 6761 6379 204d 4252 2063 616e e legacy MBR can\n-00032b30: 206f 6e6c 790a 2020 2020 2072 6570 7265 only. repre\n-00032b40: 7365 6e74 2061 206c 696d 6974 6564 2073 sent a limited s\n-00032b50: 7562 7365 7420 6f66 2047 5054 2070 6172 ubset of GPT par\n-00032b60: 7469 7469 6f6e 2065 6e74 7269 6573 2e0a tition entries..\n-00032b70: 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 . This comma\n-00032b80: 6e64 2070 6f70 756c 6174 6573 2074 6865 nd populates the\n-00032b90: 206c 6567 6163 7920 4d42 5220 7769 7468 legacy MBR with\n-00032ba0: 2074 6865 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2050 the specified P\n-00032bb0: 4152 5449 5449 4f4e 0a20 2020 2020 656e ARTITION. en\n-00032bc0: 7472 6965 7320 6f6e 2044 4556 4943 452e tries on DEVICE.\n-00032bd0: 2020 5570 2074 6f20 7468 7265 6520 7061 Up to three pa\n-00032be0: 7274 6974 696f 6e73 206d 6179 2062 6520 rtitions may be \n-00032bf0: 7573 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5459 5045 used... TYPE\n-00032c00: 2069 7320 616e 204d 4252 2070 6172 7469 is an MBR parti\n-00032c10: 7469 6f6e 2074 7970 6520 636f 6465 3b20 tion type code; \n-00032c20: 7072 6566 6978 2077 6974 6820 e280 9830 prefix with ...0\n-00032c30: 78e2 8099 2069 6620 796f 7520 7761 6e74 x... if you want\n-00032c40: 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2065 6e74 6572 2074 to. enter t\n-00032c50: 6869 7320 696e 2068 6578 6164 6563 696d his in hexadecim\n-00032c60: 616c 2e20 2054 6865 2073 6570 6172 6174 al. The separat\n-00032c70: 6f72 2062 6574 7765 656e 2050 4152 5449 or between PARTI\n-00032c80: 5449 4f4e 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 5459 TION and. TY\n-00032c90: 5045 206d 6179 2062 6520 e280 982b e280 PE may be ...+..\n-00032ca0: 9920 746f 206d 616b 6520 7468 6520 7061 . to make the pa\n-00032cb0: 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6163 7469 7665 2c20 rtition active, \n-00032cc0: 6f72 20e2 8098 2de2 8099 2074 6f20 6d61 or ...-... to ma\n-00032cd0: 6b65 2069 740a 2020 2020 2069 6e61 6374 ke it. inact\n-00032ce0: 6976 653b 206f 6e6c 7920 6f6e 6520 7061 ive; only one pa\n-00032cf0: 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6d61 7920 6265 2061 rtition may be a\n-00032d00: 6374 6976 652e 2020 4966 2062 6f74 6820 ctive. If both \n-00032d10: 7468 6520 7365 7061 7261 746f 720a 2020 the separator. \n-00032d20: 2020 2061 6e64 2074 7970 6520 6172 6520 and type are \n-00032d30: 6f6d 6974 7465 642c 2074 6865 6e20 7468 omitted, then th\n-00032d40: 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7769 6c6c e partition will\n-00032d50: 2062 6520 696e 6163 7469 7665 2e0a 0a1f be inactive....\n-00032d60: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-00032d70: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2068 616c 742c 2020 , Node: halt, \n-00032d80: 4e65 7874 3a20 6861 7368 7375 6d2c 2020 Next: hashsum, \n-00032d90: 5072 6576 3a20 6770 7473 796e 632c 2020 Prev: gptsync, \n-00032da0: 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 Up: Command-line\n-00032db0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e commands..17.4.\n-00032dc0: 3333 2068 616c 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 33 halt.--------\n-00032dd0: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n-00032de0: 643a 2068 616c 7420 5b2d 2d6e 6f2d 6170 d: halt [--no-ap\n-00032df0: 6d5d 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 636f 6d6d m]. The comm\n-00032e00: 616e 6420 6861 6c74 7320 7468 6520 636f and halts the co\n-00032e10: 6d70 7574 6572 2e20 204f 6e20 7468 6520 mputer. On the \n-00032e20: 6933 3836 2d70 6320 7461 7267 6574 2c20 i386-pc target, \n-00032e30: 7468 650a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2d2d 6e6f the. ...--no\n-00032e40: 2d61 706d e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2c20 -apm... option, \n-00032e50: 6f72 2073 686f 7274 20e2 8098 2d6e e280 or short ...-n..\n-00032e60: 992c 2069 7320 7370 6563 6966 6965 642c ., is specified,\n-00032e70: 206e 6f20 4150 4d20 4249 4f53 2063 616c no APM BIOS cal\n-00032e80: 6c20 6973 0a20 2020 2020 7065 7266 6f72 l is. perfor\n-00032e90: 6d65 642e 2020 4f74 6865 7277 6973 652c med. Otherwise,\n-00032ea0: 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 7220 6973 the computer is\n-00032eb0: 2073 6875 7420 646f 776e 2075 7369 6e67 shut down using\n-00032ec0: 2041 504d 206f 6e20 7468 6174 0a20 2020 APM on that. \n-00032ed0: 2020 7461 7267 6574 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c target.....Fil\n-00032ee0: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-00032ef0: 6f64 653a 2068 6173 6873 756d 2c20 204e ode: hashsum, N\n-00032f00: 6578 743a 2068 656c 702c 2020 5072 6576 ext: help, Prev\n-00032f10: 3a20 6861 6c74 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d : halt, Up: Com\n-00032f20: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n-00032f30: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e33 3420 6861 7368 ds..17.4.34 hash\n-00032f40: 7375 6d0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d sum.------------\n-00032f50: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n-00032f60: 3a20 6861 7368 7375 6d20 2d2d 6861 7368 : hashsum --hash\n-00032f70: 2068 6173 6820 2d2d 6b65 6570 2d67 6f69 hash --keep-goi\n-00032f80: 6e67 202d 2d75 6e63 6f6d 7072 6573 7320 ng --uncompress \n-00032f90: 2d2d 6368 6563 6b20 6669 6c65 0a20 2020 --check file. \n-00032fa0: 2020 2020 2020 205b 2d2d 7072 6566 6978 [--prefix\n-00032fb0: 2064 6972 5d7c 6669 6c65 202e 2e2e 0a20 dir]|file .... \n-00032fc0: 2020 2020 436f 6d70 7574 6520 6f72 2076 Compute or v\n-00032fd0: 6572 6966 7920 6669 6c65 2068 6173 6865 erify file hashe\n-00032fe0: 732e 2020 4861 7368 2074 7970 6520 6973 s. Hash type is\n-00032ff0: 2073 656c 6563 7465 6420 7769 7468 206f selected with o\n-00033000: 7074 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2d2d ption. ...--\n-00033010: 6861 7368 e280 992e 2020 5375 7070 6f72 hash.... Suppor\n-00033020: 7465 6420 6861 7368 6573 2061 7265 3a20 ted hashes are: \n-00033030: e280 9861 646c 6572 3332 e280 992c 20e2 ...adler32..., .\n-00033040: 8098 6372 6336 34e2 8099 2c20 e280 9863 ..crc64..., ...c\n-00033050: 7263 3332 e280 992c 0a20 2020 2020 e280 rc32...,. ..\n-00033060: 9863 7263 3332 7266 6331 3531 30e2 8099 .crc32rfc1510...\n-00033070: 2c20 e280 9863 7263 3234 7266 6332 3434 , ...crc24rfc244\n-00033080: 30e2 8099 2c20 e280 986d 6434 e280 992c 0..., ...md4...,\n-00033090: 20e2 8098 6d64 35e2 8099 2c20 e280 9872 ...md5..., ...r\n-000330a0: 6970 656d 6431 3630 e280 992c 20e2 8098 ipemd160..., ...\n-000330b0: 7368 6131 e280 992c 0a20 2020 2020 e280 sha1...,. ..\n-000330c0: 9873 6861 3232 34e2 8099 2c20 e280 9873 .sha224..., ...s\n-000330d0: 6861 3235 36e2 8099 2c20 e280 9873 6861 ha256..., ...sha\n-000330e0: 3531 32e2 8099 2c20 e280 9873 6861 3338 512..., ...sha38\n-000330f0: 34e2 8099 2c20 e280 9874 6967 6572 3139 4..., ...tiger19\n-00033100: 32e2 8099 2c20 e280 9874 6967 6572 e280 2..., ...tiger..\n-00033110: 992c 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9874 6967 6572 .,. ...tiger\n-00033120: 32e2 8099 2c20 e280 9877 6869 726c 706f 2..., ...whirlpo\n-00033130: 6f6c e280 992e 2020 4f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 ol.... Option .\n-00033140: 8098 2d2d 756e 636f 6d70 7265 7373 e280 ..--uncompress..\n-00033150: 9920 756e 636f 6d70 7265 7373 6573 2066 . uncompresses f\n-00033160: 696c 6573 0a20 2020 2020 6265 666f 7265 iles. before\n-00033170: 2063 6f6d 7075 7469 6e67 2068 6173 682e computing hash.\n-00033180: 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6865 6e20 6c69 7374 .. When list\n-00033190: 206f 6620 6669 6c65 7320 6973 2067 6976 of files is giv\n-000331a0: 656e 2c20 6861 7368 206f 6620 6561 6368 en, hash of each\n-000331b0: 2066 696c 6520 6973 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 file is compute\n-000331c0: 6420 616e 640a 2020 2020 2070 7269 6e74 d and. print\n-000331d0: 6564 2c20 666f 6c6c 6f77 6564 2062 7920 ed, followed by \n-000331e0: 6669 6c65 206e 616d 652c 2065 6163 6820 file name, each \n-000331f0: 6669 6c65 206f 6e20 6120 6e65 7720 6c69 file on a new li\n-00033200: 6e65 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5768 656e 206f ne... When o\n-00033210: 7074 696f 6e20 e280 982d 2d63 6865 636b ption ...--check\n-00033220: e280 9920 6973 2067 6976 656e 2c20 6974 ... is given, it\n-00033230: 2070 6f69 6e74 7320 746f 2061 2066 696c points to a fil\n-00033240: 6520 7468 6174 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 730a e that contains.\n-00033250: 2020 2020 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2048 4153 list of HAS\n-00033260: 4820 4e41 4d45 2070 6169 7273 2069 6e20 H NAME pairs in \n-00033270: 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2066 6f72 6d61 7420 the same format \n-00033280: 6173 2075 7365 6420 6279 2055 4e49 5820 as used by UNIX \n-00033290: e280 986d 6435 7375 6de2 8099 0a20 2020 ...md5sum.... \n-000332a0: 2020 636f 6d6d 616e 642e 2020 4f70 7469 command. Opti\n-000332b0: 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d2d 7072 6566 6978 e280 on ...--prefix..\n-000332c0: 9920 6d61 7920 6265 2075 7365 6420 746f . may be used to\n-000332d0: 2067 6976 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 give directory \n-000332e0: 7768 6572 650a 2020 2020 2066 696c 6573 where. files\n-000332f0: 2061 7265 206c 6f63 6174 6564 2e20 2048 are located. H\n-00033300: 6173 6820 7665 7269 6669 6361 7469 6f6e ash verification\n-00033310: 2073 746f 7073 2061 6674 6572 2074 6865 stops after the\n-00033320: 2066 6972 7374 0a20 2020 2020 6d69 736d first. mism\n-00033330: 6174 6368 2077 6173 2066 6f75 6e64 2075 atch was found u\n-00033340: 6e6c 6573 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 nless option ...\n-00033350: 2d2d 6b65 6570 2d67 6f69 6e67 e280 9920 --keep-going... \n-00033360: 7761 7320 6769 7665 6e2e 2020 5468 650a was given. The.\n-00033370: 2020 2020 2065 7869 7420 636f 6465 20e2 exit code .\n-00033380: 8098 243f e280 9920 6973 2073 6574 2074 ..$?... is set t\n-00033390: 6f20 3020 6966 2068 6173 6820 7665 7269 o 0 if hash veri\n-000333a0: 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 7375 6363 fication is succ\n-000333b0: 6573 7366 756c 2e20 2049 660a 2020 2020 essful. If. \n-000333c0: 2069 7420 6661 696c 732c 20e2 8098 243f it fails, ...$?\n-000333d0: e280 9920 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f20 6120 ... is set to a \n-000333e0: 6e6f 6e7a 6572 6f20 7661 6c75 652e 0a0a nonzero value...\n-000333f0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-00033400: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6865 6c70 2c20 o, Node: help, \n-00033410: 204e 6578 743a 2068 6578 6475 6d70 2c20 Next: hexdump, \n-00033420: 2050 7265 763a 2068 6173 6873 756d 2c20 Prev: hashsum, \n-00033430: 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e Up: Command-lin\n-00033440: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 e commands..17.4\n-00033450: 2e33 3520 6865 6c70 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .35 help.-------\n-00033460: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 -----.. -- Comma\n-00033470: 6e64 3a20 6865 6c70 205b 7061 7474 6572 nd: help [patter\n-00033480: 6e20 2e2e 2e5d 0a20 2020 2020 4469 7370 n ...]. Disp\n-00033490: 6c61 7920 6865 6c70 6675 6c20 696e 666f lay helpful info\n-000334a0: 726d 6174 696f 6e20 6162 6f75 7420 6275 rmation about bu\n-000334b0: 696c 7469 6e20 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2e20 iltin commands. \n-000334c0: 2049 6620 796f 7520 646f 206e 6f74 0a20 If you do not. \n-000334d0: 2020 2020 7370 6563 6966 7920 5041 5454 specify PATT\n-000334e0: 4552 4e2c 2074 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e ERN, this comman\n-000334f0: 6420 7368 6f77 7320 7368 6f72 7420 6465 d shows short de\n-00033500: 7363 7269 7074 696f 6e73 206f 6620 616c scriptions of al\n-00033510: 6c0a 2020 2020 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 l. available\n-00033520: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 commands... \n-00033530: 2049 6620 796f 7520 7370 6563 6966 7920 If you specify \n-00033540: 616e 7920 5041 5454 4552 4e53 2c20 6974 any PATTERNS, it\n-00033550: 2064 6973 706c 6179 7320 6c6f 6e67 6572 displays longer\n-00033560: 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2061 626f information abo\n-00033570: 7574 0a20 2020 2020 6561 6368 206f 6620 ut. each of \n-00033580: 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2077 686f the commands who\n-00033590: 7365 206e 616d 6573 2062 6567 696e 2077 se names begin w\n-000335a0: 6974 6820 7468 6f73 6520 5041 5454 4552 ith those PATTER\n-000335b0: 4e53 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 NS.....File: gru\n-000335c0: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2068 b.info, Node: h\n-000335d0: 6578 6475 6d70 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2069 exdump, Next: i\n-000335e0: 6e73 6d6f 642c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6865 nsmod, Prev: he\n-000335f0: 6c70 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 lp, Up: Command\n-00033600: 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a -line commands..\n-00033610: 3137 2e34 2e33 3620 6865 7864 756d 700a 17.4.36 hexdump.\n-00033620: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n-00033630: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6865 . -- Command: he\n-00033640: 7864 756d 7020 5b2d 2d73 6b69 7020 6f66 xdump [--skip of\n-00033650: 6673 6574 5d20 5b2d 2d6c 656e 6774 6820 fset] [--length \n-00033660: 6c65 6e5d 2046 494c 455f 4f52 5f44 4556 len] FILE_OR_DEV\n-00033670: 4943 450a 2020 2020 2053 686f 7720 7261 ICE. Show ra\n-00033680: 7720 636f 6e74 656e 7473 206f 6620 6120 w contents of a \n-00033690: 6669 6c65 206f 7220 6d65 6d6f 7279 2e20 file or memory. \n-000336a0: 2057 6865 6e20 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 When option ...\n-000336b0: 2d2d 736b 6970 e280 9920 6973 0a20 2020 --skip... is. \n-000336c0: 2020 6769 7665 6e2c 20e2 8098 6f66 6673 given, ...offs\n-000336d0: 6574 e280 9920 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 et... number of \n-000336e0: 6279 7465 7320 6172 6520 736b 6970 7065 bytes are skippe\n-000336f0: 6420 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2073 7461 7274 d from the start\n-00033700: 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2064 6576 of the. dev\n-00033710: 6963 6520 6f72 2066 696c 6520 6769 7665 ice or file give\n-00033720: 6e2e 2020 416e 6420 e280 982d 2d6c 656e n. And ...--len\n-00033730: 6774 68e2 8099 2061 6c6c 6f77 7320 7370 gth... allows sp\n-00033740: 6563 6966 7969 6e67 2061 206d 6178 696d ecifying a maxim\n-00033750: 756d 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d62 6572 206f um. number o\n-00033760: 6620 6279 7465 7320 746f 2062 6520 7368 f bytes to be sh\n-00033770: 6f77 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 6769 own... If gi\n-00033780: 7665 6e20 7468 6520 7370 6563 6961 6c20 ven the special \n-00033790: 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 6564 20e2 8098 device named ...\n-000337a0: 286d 656d 29e2 8099 2c20 7468 656e 2074 (mem)..., then t\n-000337b0: 6865 20e2 8098 6f66 6673 6574 e280 9920 he ...offset... \n-000337c0: 6769 7665 6e0a 2020 2020 2074 6f20 e280 given. to ..\n-000337d0: 982d 2d73 6b69 70e2 8099 2069 7320 7472 .--skip... is tr\n-000337e0: 6561 7465 6420 6173 2074 6865 2061 6464 eated as the add\n-000337f0: 7265 7373 206f 6620 6120 6d65 6d6f 7279 ress of a memory\n-00033800: 206c 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 746f 2064 756d location to dum\n-00033810: 700a 2020 2020 2066 726f 6d2e 0a0a 1f0a p. from.....\n-00033820: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-00033830: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 696e 736d 6f64 2c20 Node: insmod, \n-00033840: 204e 6578 743a 206b 6579 7374 6174 7573 Next: keystatus\n-00033850: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2068 6578 6475 6d70 , Prev: hexdump\n-00033860: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c , Up: Command-l\n-00033870: 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 ine commands..17\n-00033880: 2e34 2e33 3720 696e 736d 6f64 0a2d 2d2d .4.37 insmod.---\n-00033890: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d -----------.. --\n-000338a0: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 696e 736d 6f64 Command: insmod\n-000338b0: 206d 6f64 756c 650a 2020 2020 2049 6e73 module. Ins\n-000338c0: 6572 7420 7468 6520 6479 6e61 6d69 6320 ert the dynamic \n-000338d0: 4752 5542 206d 6f64 756c 6520 6361 6c6c GRUB module call\n-000338e0: 6564 204d 4f44 554c 452e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 ed MODULE.....Fi\n-000338f0: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-00033900: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6b65 7973 7461 7475 732c Node: keystatus,\n-00033910: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6c69 7374 5f65 6e76 Next: list_env\n-00033920: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2069 6e73 6d6f 642c , Prev: insmod,\n-00033930: 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 Up: Command-li\n-00033940: 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ne commands..17.\n-00033950: 342e 3338 206b 6579 7374 6174 7573 0a2d 4.38 keystatus.-\n-00033960: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00033970: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206b .. -- Command: k\n-00033980: 6579 7374 6174 7573 205b 2d2d 7368 6966 eystatus [--shif\n-00033990: 745d 205b 2d2d 6374 726c 5d20 5b2d 2d61 t] [--ctrl] [--a\n-000339a0: 6c74 5d0a 2020 2020 2052 6574 7572 6e20 lt]. Return \n-000339b0: 7472 7565 2069 6620 7468 6520 5368 6966 true if the Shif\n-000339c0: 742c 2043 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2c20 6f72 2041 t, Control, or A\n-000339d0: 6c74 206d 6f64 6966 6965 7220 6b65 7973 lt modifier keys\n-000339e0: 2061 7265 2068 656c 640a 2020 2020 2064 are held. d\n-000339f0: 6f77 6e2c 2061 7320 7265 7175 6573 7465 own, as requeste\n-00033a00: 6420 6279 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2e20 2054 d by options. T\n-00033a10: 6869 7320 6973 2075 7365 6675 6c20 696e his is useful in\n-00033a20: 2073 6372 6970 7469 6e67 2c20 746f 0a20 scripting, to. \n-00033a30: 2020 2020 616c 6c6f 7720 736f 6d65 2075 allow some u\n-00033a40: 7365 7220 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6f76 6572 ser control over\n-00033a50: 2062 6568 6176 696f 7572 2077 6974 686f behaviour witho\n-00033a60: 7574 2068 6176 696e 6720 746f 2077 6169 ut having to wai\n-00033a70: 7420 666f 7220 610a 2020 2020 206b 6579 t for a. key\n-00033a80: 7072 6573 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2043 6865 press... Che\n-00033a90: 636b 696e 6720 6b65 7920 6d6f 6469 6669 cking key modifi\n-00033aa0: 6572 2073 7461 7475 7320 6973 206f 6e6c er status is onl\n-00033ab0: 7920 7375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 6f6e 2073 y supported on s\n-00033ac0: 6f6d 6520 706c 6174 666f 726d 732e 0a20 ome platforms.. \n-00033ad0: 2020 2020 4966 2069 6e76 6f6b 6564 2077 If invoked w\n-00033ae0: 6974 686f 7574 2061 6e79 206f 7074 696f ithout any optio\n-00033af0: 6e73 2c20 7468 6520 e280 986b 6579 7374 ns, the ...keyst\n-00033b00: 6174 7573 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 atus... command \n-00033b10: 7265 7475 726e 730a 2020 2020 2074 7275 returns. tru\n-00033b20: 6520 6966 2061 6e64 206f 6e6c 7920 6966 e if and only if\n-00033b30: 2063 6865 636b 696e 6720 6b65 7920 6d6f checking key mo\n-00033b40: 6469 6669 6572 2073 7461 7475 7320 6973 difier status is\n-00033b50: 2073 7570 706f 7274 6564 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 supported.....F\n-00033b60: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-00033b70: 204e 6f64 653a 206c 6973 745f 656e 762c Node: list_env,\n-00033b80: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6c69 7374 5f74 7275 Next: list_tru\n-00033b90: 7374 6564 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206b 6579 sted, Prev: key\n-00033ba0: 7374 6174 7573 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d status, Up: Com\n-00033bb0: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n-00033bc0: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e33 3920 6c69 7374 ds..17.4.39 list\n-00033bd0: 5f65 6e76 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d _env.-----------\n-00033be0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 -----.. -- Comma\n-00033bf0: 6e64 3a20 6c69 7374 5f65 6e76 205b 2d2d nd: list_env [--\n-00033c00: 6669 6c65 2066 696c 655d 0a20 2020 2020 file file]. \n-00033c10: 4c69 7374 2061 6c6c 2076 6172 6961 626c List all variabl\n-00033c20: 6573 2069 6e20 7468 6520 656e 7669 726f es in the enviro\n-00033c30: 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 6b20 6669 6c65 nment block file\n-00033c40: 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 456e . *Note. En\n-00033c50: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 6b3a vironment block:\n-00033c60: 3a2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 20e2 8098 :... The ...\n-00033c70: 2d2d 6669 6c65 e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e --file... option\n-00033c80: 206f 7665 7272 6964 6573 2074 6865 2064 overrides the d\n-00033c90: 6566 6175 6c74 206c 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 efault location \n-00033ca0: 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 656e 7669 of the. envi\n-00033cb0: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 6b2e 0a0a ronment block...\n-00033cc0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-00033cd0: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6c69 7374 5f74 o, Node: list_t\n-00033ce0: 7275 7374 6564 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206c rusted, Next: l\n-00033cf0: 6f61 645f 656e 762c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 oad_env, Prev: \n-00033d00: 6c69 7374 5f65 6e76 2c20 2055 703a 2043 list_env, Up: C\n-00033d10: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d ommand-line comm\n-00033d20: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e34 3020 6c69 ands..17.4.40 li\n-00033d30: 7374 5f74 7275 7374 6564 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d st_trusted.-----\n-00033d40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n-00033d50: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6c69 . -- Command: li\n-00033d60: 7374 5f74 7275 7374 6564 0a20 2020 2020 st_trusted. \n-00033d70: 4c69 7374 2061 6c6c 2070 7562 6c69 6320 List all public \n-00033d80: 6b65 7973 2074 7275 7374 6564 2062 7920 keys trusted by \n-00033d90: 4752 5542 2066 6f72 2076 616c 6964 6174 GRUB for validat\n-00033da0: 696e 6720 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 2e0a ing signatures..\n-00033db0: 2020 2020 2054 6865 206f 7574 7075 7420 The output \n-00033dc0: 6973 2069 6e20 4750 4727 7320 7634 206b is in GPG's v4 k\n-00033dd0: 6579 2066 696e 6765 7270 7269 6e74 2066 ey fingerprint f\n-00033de0: 6f72 6d61 7420 2869 2e65 2e2c 2074 6865 ormat (i.e., the\n-00033df0: 206f 7574 7075 740a 2020 2020 206f 6620 output. of \n-00033e00: e280 9867 7067 202d 2d66 696e 6765 7270 ...gpg --fingerp\n-00033e10: 7269 6e74 e280 9929 2e20 2054 6865 206c rint...). The l\n-00033e20: 6561 7374 2073 6967 6e69 6669 6361 6e74 east significant\n-00033e30: 2066 6f75 7220 6279 7465 7320 286c 6173 four bytes (las\n-00033e40: 740a 2020 2020 2065 6967 6874 2068 6578 t. eight hex\n-00033e50: 6164 6563 696d 616c 2064 6967 6974 7329 adecimal digits)\n-00033e60: 2063 616e 2062 6520 7573 6564 2061 7320 can be used as \n-00033e70: 616e 2061 7267 756d 656e 7420 746f 20e2 an argument to .\n-00033e80: 8098 6469 7374 7275 7374 e280 990a 2020 ..distrust.... \n-00033e90: 2020 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6469 7374 7275 (*note distru\n-00033ea0: 7374 3a3a 292e 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 5573 st::). *Note Us\n-00033eb0: 696e 6720 6469 6769 7461 6c20 7369 676e ing digital sign\n-00033ec0: 6174 7572 6573 3a3a 2c20 666f 7220 6d6f atures::, for mo\n-00033ed0: 7265 0a20 2020 2020 696e 666f 726d 6174 re. informat\n-00033ee0: 696f 6e20 6162 6f75 7420 7573 6573 2066 ion about uses f\n-00033ef0: 6f72 2074 6865 7365 206b 6579 732e 0a0a or these keys...\n-00033f00: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-00033f10: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6c6f 6164 5f65 o, Node: load_e\n-00033f20: 6e76 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206c 6f61 6466 nv, Next: loadf\n-00033f30: 6f6e 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6c69 7374 ont, Prev: list\n-00033f40: 5f74 7275 7374 6564 2c20 2055 703a 2043 _trusted, Up: C\n-00033f50: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d ommand-line comm\n-00033f60: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e34 3120 6c6f ands..17.4.41 lo\n-00033f70: 6164 5f65 6e76 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ad_env.---------\n-00033f80: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n-00033f90: 6d61 6e64 3a20 6c6f 6164 5f65 6e76 205b mand: load_env [\n-00033fa0: 2d2d 6669 6c65 2066 696c 655d 205b 2d2d --file file] [--\n-00033fb0: 736b 6970 2d73 6967 5d0a 2020 2020 2020 skip-sig]. \n-00033fc0: 2020 2020 5b77 6869 7465 6c69 7374 6564 [whitelisted\n-00033fd0: 5f76 6172 6961 626c 655f 6e61 6d65 5d20 _variable_name] \n-00033fe0: 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 204c 6f61 6420 616c .... Load al\n-00033ff0: 6c20 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 6672 6f6d l variables from\n-00034000: 2074 6865 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 the environment\n-00034010: 2062 6c6f 636b 2066 696c 6520 696e 746f block file into\n-00034020: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 656e 7669 726f the. enviro\n-00034030: 6e6d 656e 742e 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 456e nment. *Note En\n-00034040: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 6b3a vironment block:\n-00034050: 3a2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 20e2 8098 :... The ...\n-00034060: 2d2d 6669 6c65 e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e --file... option\n-00034070: 206f 7665 7272 6964 6573 2074 6865 2064 overrides the d\n-00034080: 6566 6175 6c74 206c 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 efault location \n-00034090: 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 656e 7669 of the. envi\n-000340a0: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 6b2e 0a0a ronment block...\n-000340b0: 2020 2020 2054 6865 20e2 8098 2d2d 736b The ...--sk\n-000340c0: 6970 2d73 6967 e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e ip-sig... option\n-000340d0: 2073 6b69 7073 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 skips signature\n-000340e0: 2063 6865 636b 696e 6720 6576 656e 2077 checking even w\n-000340f0: 6865 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2076 616c hen the. val\n-00034100: 7565 206f 6620 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e ue of environmen\n-00034110: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 20e2 8098 6368 t variable ...ch\n-00034120: 6563 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 e280 eck_signatures..\n-00034130: 9920 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 . is set to. \n-00034140: 20e2 8098 656e 666f 7263 65e2 8099 2028 ...enforce... (\n-00034150: 2a6e 6f74 6520 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 676e *note check_sign\n-00034160: 6174 7572 6573 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 atures::)... \n-00034170: 2049 6620 6f6e 6520 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 If one or more \n-00034180: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 206e 616d 6573 2061 variable names a\n-00034190: 7265 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 6173 2061 re provided as a\n-000341a0: 7267 756d 656e 7473 2c20 7468 6579 2061 rguments, they a\n-000341b0: 7265 0a20 2020 2020 696e 7465 7270 7265 re. interpre\n-000341c0: 7465 6420 6173 2061 2077 6869 7465 6c69 ted as a whiteli\n-000341d0: 7374 206f 6620 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 st of variables \n-000341e0: 746f 206c 6f61 6420 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 to load from the\n-000341f0: 0a20 2020 2020 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e . environmen\n-00034200: 7420 626c 6f63 6b20 6669 6c65 2e20 2056 t block file. V\n-00034210: 6172 6961 626c 6573 2073 6574 2069 6e20 ariables set in \n-00034220: 7468 6520 6669 6c65 2062 7574 206e 6f74 the file but not\n-00034230: 2070 7265 7365 6e74 0a20 2020 2020 696e present. in\n-00034240: 2074 6865 2077 6869 7465 6c69 7374 2061 the whitelist a\n-00034250: 7265 2069 676e 6f72 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 re ignored... \n-00034260: 2020 5468 6520 e280 982d 2d73 6b69 702d The ...--skip-\n-00034270: 7369 67e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 7368 sig... option sh\n-00034280: 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 7573 6564 2077 6974 ould be used wit\n-00034290: 6820 6361 7265 2c20 616e 6420 7368 6f75 h care, and shou\n-000342a0: 6c64 2061 6c77 6179 730a 2020 2020 2062 ld always. b\n-000342b0: 6520 7573 6564 2069 6e20 636f 6e63 6572 e used in concer\n-000342c0: 7420 7769 7468 2061 2077 6869 7465 6c69 t with a whiteli\n-000342d0: 7374 206f 6620 6163 6365 7074 6162 6c65 st of acceptable\n-000342e0: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2077 686f 7365 variables whose\n-000342f0: 0a20 2020 2020 7661 6c75 6573 2073 686f . values sho\n-00034300: 756c 6420 6265 2073 6574 2e20 2046 6169 uld be set. Fai\n-00034310: 6c75 7265 2074 6f20 656d 706c 6f79 2061 lure to employ a\n-00034320: 2063 6172 6566 756c 6c79 2063 6f6e 7374 carefully const\n-00034330: 7275 6374 6564 0a20 2020 2020 7768 6974 ructed. whit\n-00034340: 656c 6973 7420 636f 756c 6420 7265 7375 elist could resu\n-00034350: 6c74 2069 6e20 7265 6164 696e 6720 6120 lt in reading a \n-00034360: 6d61 6c69 6369 6f75 7320 7661 6c75 6520 malicious value \n-00034370: 696e 746f 2063 7269 7469 6361 6c0a 2020 into critical. \n-00034380: 2020 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 environment v\n-00034390: 6172 6961 626c 6573 2066 726f 6d20 7468 ariables from th\n-000343a0: 6520 6669 6c65 2c20 7375 6368 2061 7320 e file, such as \n-000343b0: 7365 7474 696e 670a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 setting. ...\n-000343c0: 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 check_signatures\n-000343d0: 3d6e 6fe2 8099 2c20 6d6f 6469 6679 696e =no..., modifyin\n-000343e0: 6720 e280 9870 7265 6669 78e2 8099 2074 g ...prefix... t\n-000343f0: 6f20 626f 6f74 2066 726f 6d20 616e 0a20 o boot from an. \n-00034400: 2020 2020 756e 6578 7065 6374 6564 206c unexpected l\n-00034410: 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 6f72 206e 6f74 2061 ocation or not a\n-00034420: 7420 616c 6c2c 2065 7463 2e0a 0a20 2020 t all, etc... \n-00034430: 2020 5768 656e 2075 7365 6420 7769 7468 When used with\n-00034440: 2063 6172 652c 20e2 8098 2d2d 736b 6970 care, ...--skip\n-00034450: 2d73 6967 e280 9920 616e 6420 7468 6520 -sig... and the \n-00034460: 7768 6974 656c 6973 7420 656e 6162 6c65 whitelist enable\n-00034470: 2061 6e0a 2020 2020 2061 646d 696e 6973 an. adminis\n-00034480: 7472 6174 6f72 2074 6f20 636f 6e66 6967 trator to config\n-00034490: 7572 6520 6120 7379 7374 656d 2074 6f20 ure a system to \n-000344a0: 626f 6f74 206f 6e6c 7920 7369 676e 6564 boot only signed\n-000344b0: 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 . configurat\n-000344c0: 696f 6e73 2c20 6275 7420 746f 2061 6c6c ions, but to all\n-000344d0: 6f77 2074 6865 2075 7365 7220 746f 2073 ow the user to s\n-000344e0: 656c 6563 7420 6672 6f6d 2061 6d6f 6e67 elect from among\n-000344f0: 206d 756c 7469 706c 650a 2020 2020 2063 multiple. c\n-00034500: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 732c 2061 onfigurations, a\n-00034510: 6e64 2074 6f20 656e 6162 6c65 2022 6f6e nd to enable \"on\n-00034520: 652d 7368 6f74 2220 626f 6f74 2061 7474 e-shot\" boot att\n-00034530: 656d 7074 7320 616e 640a 2020 2020 2022 empts and. \"\n-00034540: 7361 7665 6465 6661 756c 7422 2062 6568 savedefault\" beh\n-00034550: 6176 696f 722e 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 5573 avior. *Note Us\n-00034560: 696e 6720 6469 6769 7461 6c20 7369 676e ing digital sign\n-00034570: 6174 7572 6573 3a3a 2c20 666f 7220 6d6f atures::, for mo\n-00034580: 7265 0a20 2020 2020 696e 666f 726d 6174 re. informat\n-00034590: 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ion.....File: gr\n-000345a0: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-000345b0: 6c6f 6164 666f 6e74 2c20 204e 6578 743a loadfont, Next:\n-000345c0: 206c 6f6f 7062 6163 6b2c 2020 5072 6576 loopback, Prev\n-000345d0: 3a20 6c6f 6164 5f65 6e76 2c20 2055 703a : load_env, Up:\n-000345e0: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f Command-line co\n-000345f0: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e34 3220 mmands..17.4.42 \n-00034600: 6c6f 6164 666f 6e74 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d loadfont.-------\n-00034610: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n-00034620: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6c6f 6164 666f 6e74 ommand: loadfont\n-00034630: 2066 696c 6520 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 204c file .... L\n-00034640: 6f61 6420 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 666f oad specified fo\n-00034650: 6e74 2066 696c 6573 2e20 2055 6e6c 6573 nt files. Unles\n-00034660: 7320 6162 736f 6c75 7465 2070 6174 686e s absolute pathn\n-00034670: 616d 6520 6973 2067 6976 656e 2c20 4649 ame is given, FI\n-00034680: 4c45 0a20 2020 2020 6973 2061 7373 756d LE. is assum\n-00034690: 6564 2074 6f20 6265 2069 6e20 6469 7265 ed to be in dire\n-000346a0: 6374 6f72 7920 e280 9824 7072 6566 6978 ctory ...$prefix\n-000346b0: 2f66 6f6e 7473 e280 9920 7769 7468 2073 /fonts... with s\n-000346c0: 7566 6669 7820 e280 982e 7066 32e2 8099 uffix ....pf2...\n-000346d0: 0a20 2020 2020 6170 7065 6e64 6564 2e20 . appended. \n-000346e0: 202a 4e6f 7465 2046 6f6e 7473 3a20 5468 *Note Fonts: Th\n-000346f0: 656d 6520 6669 6c65 2066 6f72 6d61 742e eme file format.\n-00034700: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-00034710: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6c6f 6f70 nfo, Node: loop\n-00034720: 6261 636b 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206c 732c back, Next: ls,\n-00034730: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6c6f 6164 666f 6e74 Prev: loadfont\n-00034740: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c , Up: Command-l\n-00034750: 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 ine commands..17\n-00034760: 2e34 2e34 3320 6c6f 6f70 6261 636b 0a2d .4.43 loopback.-\n-00034770: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n-00034780: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6c6f . -- Command: lo\n-00034790: 6f70 6261 636b 205b 2d64 5d20 5b2d 445d opback [-d] [-D]\n-000347a0: 2064 6576 6963 6520 6669 6c65 0a20 2020 device file. \n-000347b0: 2020 4d61 6b65 2074 6865 2064 6576 6963 Make the devic\n-000347c0: 6520 6e61 6d65 6420 4445 5649 4345 2063 e named DEVICE c\n-000347d0: 6f72 7265 7370 6f6e 6420 746f 2074 6865 orrespond to the\n-000347e0: 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 6f66 2074 6865 contents of the\n-000347f0: 0a20 2020 2020 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d . filesystem\n-00034800: 2069 6d61 6765 2069 6e20 4649 4c45 2e20 image in FILE. \n-00034810: 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 3a0a 0a20 For example:.. \n-00034820: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 6f6f 7062 6163 loopbac\n-00034830: 6b20 6c6f 6f70 3020 2f70 6174 682f 746f k loop0 /path/to\n-00034840: 2f69 6d61 6765 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 /image. \n-00034850: 206c 7320 286c 6f6f 7030 292f 0a0a 2020 ls (loop0)/.. \n-00034860: 2020 2053 7065 6369 6679 696e 6720 7468 Specifying th\n-00034870: 6520 e280 982d 44e2 8099 206f 7074 696f e ...-D... optio\n-00034880: 6e20 616c 6c6f 7773 2074 6865 206c 6f6f n allows the loo\n-00034890: 7062 6163 6b20 6669 6c65 2074 6f20 6265 pback file to be\n-000348a0: 0a20 2020 2020 7472 616e 7061 7265 6e74 . tranparent\n-000348b0: 6c79 2064 6563 6f6d 7072 6573 7365 6420 ly decompressed \n-000348c0: 6966 2074 6865 7265 2069 7320 616e 2061 if there is an a\n-000348d0: 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 2064 6563 6f6d ppropriate decom\n-000348e0: 7072 6573 736f 720a 2020 2020 206c 6f61 pressor. loa\n-000348f0: 6465 642e 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6974 6820 ded... With \n-00034900: 7468 6520 e280 982d 64e2 8099 206f 7074 the ...-d... opt\n-00034910: 696f 6e2c 2064 656c 6574 6520 6120 6465 ion, delete a de\n-00034920: 7669 6365 2070 7265 7669 6f75 736c 7920 vice previously \n-00034930: 6372 6561 7465 6420 7573 696e 6720 7468 created using th\n-00034940: 6973 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d6d 616e 642e is. command.\n-00034950: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-00034960: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6c73 2c20 nfo, Node: ls, \n-00034970: 204e 6578 743a 206c 7366 6f6e 7473 2c20 Next: lsfonts, \n-00034980: 2050 7265 763a 206c 6f6f 7062 6163 6b2c Prev: loopback,\n-00034990: 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 Up: Command-li\n-000349a0: 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ne commands..17.\n-000349b0: 342e 3434 206c 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 4.44 ls.--------\n-000349c0: 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a --.. -- Command:\n-000349d0: 206c 7320 5b61 7267 202e 2e2e 5d0a 2020 ls [arg ...]. \n-000349e0: 2020 204c 6973 7420 6465 7669 6365 7320 List devices \n-000349f0: 6f72 2066 696c 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 or files... \n-00034a00: 5769 7468 206e 6f20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 With no argument\n-00034a10: 732c 2070 7269 6e74 2061 6c6c 2064 6576 s, print all dev\n-00034a20: 6963 6573 206b 6e6f 776e 2074 6f20 4752 ices known to GR\n-00034a30: 5542 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2074 6865 UB... If the\n-00034a40: 2061 7267 756d 656e 7420 6973 2061 2064 argument is a d\n-00034a50: 6576 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 2065 6e63 6c6f evice name enclo\n-00034a60: 7365 6420 696e 2070 6172 656e 7468 6573 sed in parenthes\n-00034a70: 6573 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 2044 es (*note. D\n-00034a80: 6576 6963 6520 7379 6e74 6178 3a3a 292c evice syntax::),\n-00034a90: 2074 6865 6e20 7072 696e 7420 7468 6520 then print the \n-00034aa0: 6e61 6d65 206f 6620 7468 6520 6669 6c65 name of the file\n-00034ab0: 7379 7374 656d 206f 6620 7468 6174 0a20 system of that. \n-00034ac0: 2020 2020 6465 7669 6365 2e0a 0a20 2020 device... \n-00034ad0: 2020 4966 2074 6865 2061 7267 756d 656e If the argumen\n-00034ae0: 7420 6973 2061 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 t is a directory\n-00034af0: 2067 6976 656e 2061 7320 616e 2061 6273 given as an abs\n-00034b00: 6f6c 7574 6520 6669 6c65 206e 616d 650a olute file name.\n-00034b10: 2020 2020 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 4669 6c65 (*note File\n-00034b20: 206e 616d 6520 7379 6e74 6178 3a3a 292c name syntax::),\n-00034b30: 2074 6865 6e20 6c69 7374 2074 6865 2063 then list the c\n-00034b40: 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 6f66 2074 6861 740a ontents of that.\n-00034b50: 2020 2020 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2e0a directory..\n-00034b60: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-00034b70: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206c 7366 6f6e fo, Node: lsfon\n-00034b80: 7473 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206c 736d 6f64 ts, Next: lsmod\n-00034b90: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206c 732c 2020 5570 , Prev: ls, Up\n-00034ba0: 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 : Command-line c\n-00034bb0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3435 ommands..17.4.45\n-00034bc0: 206c 7366 6f6e 7473 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d lsfonts.-------\n-00034bd0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f --------.. -- Co\n-00034be0: 6d6d 616e 643a 206c 7366 6f6e 7473 0a20 mmand: lsfonts. \n-00034bf0: 2020 2020 4c69 7374 206c 6f61 6465 6420 List loaded \n-00034c00: 666f 6e74 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 fonts.....File: \n-00034c10: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-00034c20: 3a20 6c73 6d6f 642c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 : lsmod, Next: \n-00034c30: 6d64 3573 756d 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206c md5sum, Prev: l\n-00034c40: 7366 6f6e 7473 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d sfonts, Up: Com\n-00034c50: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n-00034c60: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e34 3620 6c73 6d6f ds..17.4.46 lsmo\n-00034c70: 640a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a d.-------------.\n-00034c80: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6c73 . -- Command: ls\n-00034c90: 6d6f 640a 2020 2020 2053 686f 7720 6c69 mod. Show li\n-00034ca0: 7374 206f 6620 6c6f 6164 6564 206d 6f64 st of loaded mod\n-00034cb0: 756c 6573 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 ules.....File: g\n-00034cc0: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-00034cd0: 206d 6435 7375 6d2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 md5sum, Next: \n-00034ce0: 6d6f 6475 6c65 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206c module, Prev: l\n-00034cf0: 736d 6f64 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 smod, Up: Comma\n-00034d00: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 nd-line commands\n-00034d10: 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e34 3720 6d64 3573 756d ..17.4.47 md5sum\n-00034d20: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a .--------------.\n-00034d30: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6d64 . -- Command: md\n-00034d40: 3573 756d 2061 7267 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 5sum arg .... \n-00034d50: 2020 416c 6961 7320 666f 7220 e280 9868 Alias for ...h\n-00034d60: 6173 6873 756d 202d 2d68 6173 6820 6d64 ashsum --hash md\n-00034d70: 3520 6172 6720 2e2e 2ee2 8099 2e20 2053 5 arg ....... S\n-00034d80: 6565 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 20e2 8098 6861 ee command ...ha\n-00034d90: 7368 7375 6de2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 282a shsum.... (*\n-00034da0: 6e6f 7465 2068 6173 6873 756d 3a3a 2920 note hashsum::) \n-00034db0: 666f 7220 6675 6c6c 2064 6573 6372 6970 for full descrip\n-00034dc0: 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 tion.....File: g\n-00034dd0: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-00034de0: 206d 6f64 756c 652c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 module, Next: \n-00034df0: 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 742c 2020 5072 6576 multiboot, Prev\n-00034e00: 3a20 6d64 3573 756d 2c20 2055 703a 2043 : md5sum, Up: C\n-00034e10: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d ommand-line comm\n-00034e20: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e34 3820 6d6f ands..17.4.48 mo\n-00034e30: 6475 6c65 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d dule.-----------\n-00034e40: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n-00034e50: 3a20 6d6f 6475 6c65 205b 2d2d 6e6f 756e : module [--noun\n-00034e60: 7a69 705d 2066 696c 6520 5b61 7267 756d zip] file [argum\n-00034e70: 656e 7473 5d0a 2020 2020 204c 6f61 6420 ents]. Load \n-00034e80: 6120 6d6f 6475 6c65 2066 6f72 206d 756c a module for mul\n-00034e90: 7469 626f 6f74 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 696d tiboot kernel im\n-00034ea0: 6167 652e 2020 5468 6520 7265 7374 206f age. The rest o\n-00034eb0: 6620 7468 6520 6c69 6e65 2069 730a 2020 f the line is. \n-00034ec0: 2020 2070 6173 7365 6420 7665 7262 6174 passed verbat\n-00034ed0: 696d 2061 7320 7468 6520 6d6f 6475 6c65 im as the module\n-00034ee0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 206c 696e 652e 0a0a command line...\n-00034ef0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-00034f00: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6d75 6c74 6962 o, Node: multib\n-00034f10: 6f6f 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e61 7469 oot, Next: nati\n-00034f20: 7665 6469 736b 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206d vedisk, Prev: m\n-00034f30: 6f64 756c 652c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d odule, Up: Comm\n-00034f40: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 and-line command\n-00034f50: 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3439 206d 756c 7469 s..17.4.49 multi\n-00034f60: 626f 6f74 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d boot.-----------\n-00034f70: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n-00034f80: 616e 643a 206d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 205b and: multiboot [\n-00034f90: 2d2d 7175 6972 6b2d 6261 642d 6b6c 7564 --quirk-bad-klud\n-00034fa0: 6765 5d0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5b2d ge]. [-\n-00034fb0: 2d71 7569 726b 2d6d 6f64 756c 6573 2d61 -quirk-modules-a\n-00034fc0: 6674 6572 2d6b 6572 6e65 6c5d 2066 696c fter-kernel] fil\n-00034fd0: 6520 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 204c 6f61 6420 e .... Load \n-00034fe0: 6120 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 6b65 726e a multiboot kern\n-00034ff0: 656c 2069 6d61 6765 2066 726f 6d20 4649 el image from FI\n-00035000: 4c45 2e20 2054 6865 2072 6573 7420 6f66 LE. The rest of\n-00035010: 2074 6865 206c 696e 6520 6973 0a20 2020 the line is. \n-00035020: 2020 7061 7373 6564 2076 6572 6261 7469 passed verbati\n-00035030: 6d20 6173 2074 6865 20e2 809c 6b65 726e m as the ...kern\n-00035040: 656c 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 65e2 el command-line.\n-00035050: 809d 2e20 2041 6e79 206d 6f64 756c 6520 ... Any module \n-00035060: 6d75 7374 2062 650a 2020 2020 2072 656c must be. rel\n-00035070: 6f61 6465 6420 6166 7465 7220 7573 696e oaded after usin\n-00035080: 6720 7468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 g this command (\n-00035090: 2a6e 6f74 6520 6d6f 6475 6c65 3a3a 292e *note module::).\n-000350a0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2053 6f6d 6520 6b65 726e .. Some kern\n-000350b0: 656c 7320 6861 7665 206b 6e6f 776e 2070 els have known p\n-000350c0: 726f 626c 656d 732e 2020 596f 7520 6e65 roblems. You ne\n-000350d0: 6564 2074 6f20 7370 6563 6966 7920 2d71 ed to specify -q\n-000350e0: 7569 726b 2d2a 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 uirk-* for. \n-000350f0: 7468 6f73 652e 2020 2d71 7569 726b 2d62 those. -quirk-b\n-00035100: 6164 2d6b 6c75 6467 6520 6973 2061 2070 ad-kludge is a p\n-00035110: 726f 626c 656d 2073 6565 6e20 696e 2073 roblem seen in s\n-00035120: 6576 6572 616c 2070 726f 6475 6374 730a everal products.\n-00035130: 2020 2020 2074 6861 7420 7468 6579 2069 that they i\n-00035140: 6e63 6c75 6465 206c 6f61 6469 6e67 206b nclude loading k\n-00035150: 6c75 6467 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f ludge informatio\n-00035160: 6e20 7769 7468 2069 6e76 616c 6964 2064 n with invalid d\n-00035170: 6174 6120 696e 0a20 2020 2020 454c 4620 ata in. ELF \n-00035180: 6669 6c65 2e20 2047 5255 4220 7072 696f file. GRUB prio\n-00035190: 7220 746f 2030 2e39 3720 616e 6420 736f r to 0.97 and so\n-000351a0: 6d65 2063 7573 746f 6d20 6275 696c 6473 me custom builds\n-000351b0: 2070 7265 6665 7272 6564 2045 4c46 0a20 preferred ELF. \n-000351c0: 2020 2020 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 information \n-000351d0: 7768 696c 6520 302e 3937 2061 6e64 2047 while 0.97 and G\n-000351e0: 5255 4220 3220 7573 6520 6b6c 7564 6765 RUB 2 use kludge\n-000351f0: 2e20 2055 7365 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 . Use this opti\n-00035200: 6f6e 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2069 676e 6f72 on to. ignor\n-00035210: 6520 6b6c 7564 6765 2e20 204b 6e6f 776e e kludge. Known\n-00035220: 2061 6666 6563 7465 6420 7379 7374 656d affected system\n-00035230: 733a 206f 6c64 2053 6f6c 6172 6973 2c20 s: old Solaris, \n-00035240: 536b 794f 532e 0a0a 2020 2020 202d 7175 SkyOS... -qu\n-00035250: 6972 6b2d 6d6f 6475 6c65 732d 6166 7465 irk-modules-afte\n-00035260: 722d 6b65 726e 656c 2069 7320 6e65 6564 r-kernel is need\n-00035270: 6564 2066 6f72 206b 6572 6e65 6c73 2077 ed for kernels w\n-00035280: 6869 6368 206c 6f61 6420 6174 0a20 2020 hich load at. \n-00035290: 2020 7265 6c61 7469 7665 6c79 2068 6967 relatively hig\n-000352a0: 6820 6164 6472 6573 7320 652e 672e 2020 h address e.g. \n-000352b0: 3136 4d69 4220 6d61 726b 2061 6e64 2063 16MiB mark and c\n-000352c0: 616e 2774 2063 6f70 6520 7769 7468 0a20 an't cope with. \n-000352d0: 2020 2020 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 7374 7566 modules stuf\n-000352e0: 6665 6420 6265 7477 6565 6e20 314d 6942 fed between 1MiB\n-000352f0: 206d 6172 6b20 616e 6420 6265 6769 6e6e mark and beginn\n-00035300: 696e 6720 6f66 2074 6865 206b 6572 6e65 ing of the kerne\n-00035310: 6c2e 0a20 2020 2020 4b6e 6f77 6e20 6166 l.. Known af\n-00035320: 6674 6563 7465 6420 7379 7374 656d 733a ftected systems:\n-00035330: 2056 4d57 6172 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 VMWare.....File\n-00035340: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-00035350: 6465 3a20 6e61 7469 7665 6469 736b 2c20 de: nativedisk, \n-00035360: 204e 6578 743a 206e 6f72 6d61 6c2c 2020 Next: normal, \n-00035370: 5072 6576 3a20 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 742c Prev: multiboot,\n-00035380: 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 Up: Command-li\n-00035390: 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ne commands..17.\n-000353a0: 342e 3530 206e 6174 6976 6564 6973 6b0a 4.50 nativedisk.\n-000353b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000353c0: 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a --.. -- Command:\n-000353d0: 206e 6174 6976 6564 6973 6b0a 2020 2020 nativedisk. \n-000353e0: 2053 7769 7463 6820 6672 6f6d 2066 6972 Switch from fir\n-000353f0: 6d77 6172 6520 6469 736b 2064 7269 7665 mware disk drive\n-00035400: 7273 2074 6f20 6e61 7469 7665 206f 6e65 rs to native one\n-00035410: 732e 2020 5265 616c 6c79 2075 7365 6675 s. Really usefu\n-00035420: 6c0a 2020 2020 206f 6e6c 7920 6f6e 2070 l. only on p\n-00035430: 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2077 6865 7265 2062 latforms where b\n-00035440: 6f74 6820 6669 726d 7761 7265 2061 6e64 oth firmware and\n-00035450: 206e 6174 6976 6520 6469 736b 2064 7269 native disk dri\n-00035460: 7665 7320 6172 650a 2020 2020 2061 7661 ves are. ava\n-00035470: 696c 6162 6c65 2e20 2043 7572 7265 6e74 ilable. Current\n-00035480: 6c79 2069 3338 362d 7063 2c20 6933 3836 ly i386-pc, i386\n-00035490: 2d65 6669 2c20 6933 3836 2d69 6565 6531 -efi, i386-ieee1\n-000354a0: 3237 3520 616e 640a 2020 2020 2078 3836 275 and. x86\n-000354b0: 5f36 342d 6566 692e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 _64-efi.....File\n-000354c0: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-000354d0: 6465 3a20 6e6f 726d 616c 2c20 204e 6578 de: normal, Nex\n-000354e0: 743a 206e 6f72 6d61 6c5f 6578 6974 2c20 t: normal_exit, \n-000354f0: 2050 7265 763a 206e 6174 6976 6564 6973 Prev: nativedis\n-00035500: 6b2c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d k, Up: Command-\n-00035510: 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 line commands..1\n-00035520: 372e 342e 3531 206e 6f72 6d61 6c0a 2d2d 7.4.51 normal.--\n-00035530: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n-00035540: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206e 6f72 6d61 - Command: norma\n-00035550: 6c20 5b66 696c 655d 0a20 2020 2020 456e l [file]. En\n-00035560: 7465 7220 6e6f 726d 616c 206d 6f64 6520 ter normal mode \n-00035570: 616e 6420 6469 7370 6c61 7920 7468 6520 and display the \n-00035580: 4752 5542 206d 656e 752e 0a0a 2020 2020 GRUB menu... \n-00035590: 2049 6e20 6e6f 726d 616c 206d 6f64 652c In normal mode,\n-000355a0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c 2066 696c 6573 commands, files\n-000355b0: 7973 7465 6d20 6d6f 6475 6c65 732c 2061 ystem modules, a\n-000355c0: 6e64 2063 7279 7074 6f67 7261 7068 790a nd cryptography.\n-000355d0: 2020 2020 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2061 7265 modules are\n-000355e0: 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 6c79 206c automatically l\n-000355f0: 6f61 6465 642c 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2066 oaded, and the f\n-00035600: 756c 6c20 4752 5542 2073 6372 6970 7420 ull GRUB script \n-00035610: 7061 7273 6572 0a20 2020 2020 6973 2061 parser. is a\n-00035620: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2e20 204f 7468 6572 vailable. Other\n-00035630: 206d 6f64 756c 6573 206d 6179 2062 6520 modules may be \n-00035640: 6578 706c 6963 6974 6c79 206c 6f61 6465 explicitly loade\n-00035650: 6420 7573 696e 670a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 d using. ...\n-00035660: 696e 736d 6f64 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 insmod... (*note\n-00035670: 2069 6e73 6d6f 643a 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 insmod::)... \n-00035680: 2020 4966 2061 2046 494c 4520 6973 2067 If a FILE is g\n-00035690: 6976 656e 2c20 7468 656e 2063 6f6d 6d61 iven, then comma\n-000356a0: 6e64 7320 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 7265 6164 nds will be read\n-000356b0: 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6174 2066 696c 652e from that file.\n-000356c0: 0a20 2020 2020 4f74 6865 7277 6973 652c . Otherwise,\n-000356d0: 2074 6865 7920 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 7265 they will be re\n-000356e0: 6164 2066 726f 6d20 e280 9824 7072 6566 ad from ...$pref\n-000356f0: 6978 2f67 7275 622e 6366 67e2 8099 2069 ix/grub.cfg... i\n-00035700: 6620 6974 2065 7869 7374 732e 0a0a 2020 f it exists... \n-00035710: 2020 20e2 8098 6e6f 726d 616c e280 9920 ...normal... \n-00035720: 6d61 7920 6265 2063 616c 6c65 6420 6672 may be called fr\n-00035730: 6f6d 2077 6974 6869 6e20 6e6f 726d 616c om within normal\n-00035740: 206d 6f64 652c 2063 7265 6174 696e 6720 mode, creating \n-00035750: 6120 6e65 7374 6564 0a20 2020 2020 656e a nested. en\n-00035760: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 742e 2020 4974 2069 vironment. It i\n-00035770: 7320 6d6f 7265 2075 7375 616c 2074 6f20 s more usual to \n-00035780: 7573 6520 e280 9863 6f6e 6669 6766 696c use ...configfil\n-00035790: 65e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 e... (*note. \n-000357a0: 2063 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 653a 3a29 2066 configfile::) f\n-000357b0: 6f72 2074 6869 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 or this.....File\n-000357c0: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-000357d0: 6465 3a20 6e6f 726d 616c 5f65 7869 742c de: normal_exit,\n-000357e0: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7061 7274 746f 6f6c Next: parttool\n-000357f0: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e 6f72 6d61 6c2c , Prev: normal,\n-00035800: 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 Up: Command-li\n-00035810: 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ne commands..17.\n-00035820: 342e 3532 206e 6f72 6d61 6c5f 6578 6974 4.52 normal_exit\n-00035830: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n-00035840: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n-00035850: 643a 206e 6f72 6d61 6c5f 6578 6974 0a20 d: normal_exit. \n-00035860: 2020 2020 4578 6974 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 Exit normal \n-00035870: 6d6f 6465 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6e6f 726d mode (*note norm\n-00035880: 616c 3a3a 292e 2020 4966 2074 6869 7320 al::). If this \n-00035890: 696e 7374 616e 6365 206f 6620 6e6f 726d instance of norm\n-000358a0: 616c 206d 6f64 650a 2020 2020 2077 6173 al mode. was\n-000358b0: 206e 6f74 206e 6573 7465 6420 7769 7468 not nested with\n-000358c0: 696e 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 206f 6e65 2c20 in another one, \n-000358d0: 7468 656e 2072 6574 7572 6e20 746f 2072 then return to r\n-000358e0: 6573 6375 6520 6d6f 6465 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 escue mode.....F\n-000358f0: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-00035900: 204e 6f64 653a 2070 6172 7474 6f6f 6c2c Node: parttool,\n-00035910: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7061 7373 776f 7264 Next: password\n-00035920: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e 6f72 6d61 6c5f , Prev: normal_\n-00035930: 6578 6974 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 exit, Up: Comma\n-00035940: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 nd-line commands\n-00035950: 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e35 3320 7061 7274 746f ..17.4.53 partto\n-00035960: 6f6c 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ol.-------------\n-00035970: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n-00035980: 3a20 7061 7274 746f 6f6c 2070 6172 7469 : parttool parti\n-00035990: 7469 6f6e 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 2020 tion commands. \n-000359a0: 2020 204d 616b 6520 7661 7269 6f75 7320 Make various \n-000359b0: 6d6f 6469 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 7320 746f modifications to\n-000359c0: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2074 6162 6c65 partition table\n-000359d0: 2065 6e74 7269 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 entries... \n-000359e0: 4561 6368 2043 4f4d 4d41 4e44 2069 7320 Each COMMAND is \n-000359f0: 6569 7468 6572 2061 2062 6f6f 6c65 616e either a boolean\n-00035a00: 206f 7074 696f 6e2c 2069 6e20 7768 6963 option, in whic\n-00035a10: 6820 6361 7365 2069 7420 6d75 7374 2062 h case it must b\n-00035a20: 650a 2020 2020 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7765 6420 e. followed \n-00035a30: 7769 7468 20e2 8098 2be2 8099 206f 7220 with ...+... or \n-00035a40: e280 982d e280 9920 2877 6974 6820 6e6f ...-... (with no\n-00035a50: 2069 6e74 6572 7665 6e69 6e67 2073 7061 intervening spa\n-00035a60: 6365 2920 746f 2065 6e61 626c 6520 6f72 ce) to enable or\n-00035a70: 0a20 2020 2020 6469 7361 626c 6520 7468 . disable th\n-00035a80: 6174 206f 7074 696f 6e2c 206f 7220 656c at option, or el\n-00035a90: 7365 2069 7420 7461 6b65 7320 6120 7661 se it takes a va\n-00035aa0: 6c75 6520 696e 2074 6865 2066 6f72 6d0a lue in the form.\n-00035ab0: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 434f 4d4d 414e 443d ...COMMAND=\n-00035ac0: 5641 4c55 45e2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 VALUE...... \n-00035ad0: 4375 7272 656e 746c 792c 20e2 8098 7061 Currently, ...pa\n-00035ae0: 7274 746f 6f6c e280 9920 6973 206f 6e6c rttool... is onl\n-00035af0: 7920 7573 6566 756c 206f 6e20 444f 5320 y useful on DOS \n-00035b00: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7461 626c 6573 partition tables\n-00035b10: 2028 616c 736f 0a20 2020 2020 6b6e 6f77 (also. know\n-00035b20: 6e20 6173 204d 6173 7465 7220 426f 6f74 n as Master Boot\n-00035b30: 2052 6563 6f72 642c 206f 7220 4d42 5229 Record, or MBR)\n-00035b40: 2e20 4f6e 2074 6865 7365 2070 6172 7469 . On these parti\n-00035b50: 7469 6f6e 2074 6162 6c65 732c 0a20 2020 tion tables,. \n-00035b60: 2020 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 the following \n-00035b70: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2061 7265 2061 7661 commands are ava\n-00035b80: 696c 6162 6c65 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 e280 ilable:.. ..\n-00035b90: 9862 6f6f 74e2 8099 2028 626f 6f6c 6561 .boot... (boolea\n-00035ba0: 6e29 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2057 6865 n). Whe\n-00035bb0: 6e20 656e 6162 6c65 642c 2074 6869 7320 n enabled, this \n-00035bc0: 6d61 6b65 7320 7468 6520 7365 6c65 6374 makes the select\n-00035bd0: 6564 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2062 6520 ed partition be \n-00035be0: 7468 6520 6163 7469 7665 0a20 2020 2020 the active. \n-00035bf0: 2020 2020 2028 626f 6f74 6162 6c65 2920 (bootable) \n-00035c00: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6f6e 2069 7473 partition on its\n-00035c10: 2064 6973 6b2c 2063 6c65 6172 696e 6720 disk, clearing \n-00035c20: 7468 6520 6163 7469 7665 2066 6c61 6720 the active flag \n-00035c30: 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2061 6c6c on. all\n-00035c40: 206f 7468 6572 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e other partition\n-00035c50: 732e 2020 5468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 s. This command\n-00035c60: 2069 7320 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 746f 205f is limited to _\n-00035c70: 7072 696d 6172 795f 0a20 2020 2020 2020 primary_. \n-00035c80: 2020 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 732e 0a0a partitions...\n-00035c90: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 7479 7065 e280 9920 ...type... \n-00035ca0: 2876 616c 7565 290a 2020 2020 2020 2020 (value). \n-00035cb0: 2020 4368 616e 6765 2074 6865 2074 7970 Change the typ\n-00035cc0: 6520 6f66 2061 6e20 6578 6973 7469 6e67 e of an existing\n-00035cd0: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2e20 2054 6865 partition. The\n-00035ce0: 2076 616c 7565 206d 7573 7420 6265 2061 value must be a\n-00035cf0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 756d 6265 . numbe\n-00035d00: 7220 696e 2074 6865 2072 616e 6765 2030 r in the range 0\n-00035d10: 2d30 7846 4620 2870 7265 6669 7820 7769 -0xFF (prefix wi\n-00035d20: 7468 20e2 8098 3078 e280 9920 746f 2065 th ...0x... to e\n-00035d30: 6e74 6572 2069 7420 696e 0a20 2020 2020 nter it in. \n-00035d40: 2020 2020 2068 6578 6164 6563 696d 616c hexadecimal\n-00035d50: 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6869 6464 )... ...hidd\n-00035d60: 656e e280 9920 2862 6f6f 6c65 616e 290a en... (boolean).\n-00035d70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5768 656e 2065 When e\n-00035d80: 6e61 626c 6564 2c20 7468 6973 2068 6964 nabled, this hid\n-00035d90: 6573 2074 6865 2073 656c 6563 7465 6420 es the selected \n-00035da0: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6279 2073 6574 partition by set\n-00035db0: 7469 6e67 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ting the. \n-00035dc0: 2020 20e2 809c 6869 6464 656e e280 9d20 ...hidden... \n-00035dd0: 6269 7420 696e 2069 7473 2070 6172 7469 bit in its parti\n-00035de0: 7469 6f6e 2074 7970 6520 636f 6465 3b20 tion type code; \n-00035df0: 7768 656e 2064 6973 6162 6c65 642c 0a20 when disabled,. \n-00035e00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2075 6e68 6964 6573 unhides\n-00035e10: 2074 6865 2073 656c 6563 7465 6420 7061 the selected pa\n-00035e20: 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6279 2063 6c65 6172 rtition by clear\n-00035e30: 696e 6720 7468 6973 2062 6974 2e20 2054 ing this bit. T\n-00035e40: 6869 7320 6973 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 his is. \n-00035e50: 2075 7365 6675 6c20 6f6e 6c79 2077 6865 useful only whe\n-00035e60: 6e20 626f 6f74 696e 6720 444f 5320 6f72 n booting DOS or\n-00035e70: 2057 696e 646f 7773 2061 6e64 206d 756c Windows and mul\n-00035e80: 7469 706c 6520 7072 696d 6172 790a 2020 tiple primary. \n-00035e90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4641 5420 7061 7274 FAT part\n-00035ea0: 6974 696f 6e73 2065 7869 7374 2069 6e20 itions exist in \n-00035eb0: 6f6e 6520 6469 736b 2e20 2053 6565 2061 one disk. See a\n-00035ec0: 6c73 6f20 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 2020 lso *note. \n-00035ed0: 2020 2020 444f 532f 5769 6e64 6f77 733a DOS/Windows:\n-00035ee0: 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 :.....File: grub\n-00035ef0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7061 .info, Node: pa\n-00035f00: 7373 776f 7264 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2070 ssword, Next: p\n-00035f10: 6173 7377 6f72 645f 7062 6b64 6632 2c20 assword_pbkdf2, \n-00035f20: 2050 7265 763a 2070 6172 7474 6f6f 6c2c Prev: parttool,\n-00035f30: 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 Up: Command-li\n-00035f40: 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ne commands..17.\n-00035f50: 342e 3534 2070 6173 7377 6f72 640a 2d2d 4.54 password.--\n-00035f60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n-00035f70: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2070 6173 -- Command: pas\n-00035f80: 7377 6f72 6420 7573 6572 2063 6c65 6172 sword user clear\n-00035f90: 2d70 6173 7377 6f72 640a 2020 2020 2044 -password. D\n-00035fa0: 6566 696e 6520 6120 7573 6572 206e 616d efine a user nam\n-00035fb0: 6564 2055 5345 5220 7769 7468 2070 6173 ed USER with pas\n-00035fc0: 7377 6f72 6420 434c 4541 522d 5041 5353 sword CLEAR-PASS\n-00035fd0: 574f 5244 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 0a20 2020 WORD. *Note. \n-00035fe0: 2020 5365 6375 7269 7479 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f Security::....\n-00035ff0: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-00036000: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2070 6173 7377 6f72 , Node: passwor\n-00036010: 645f 7062 6b64 6632 2c20 204e 6578 743a d_pbkdf2, Next:\n-00036020: 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f 756e 742c 2020 5072 plainmount, Pr\n-00036030: 6576 3a20 7061 7373 776f 7264 2c20 2055 ev: password, U\n-00036040: 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 p: Command-line \n-00036050: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e35 commands..17.4.5\n-00036060: 3520 7061 7373 776f 7264 5f70 626b 6466 5 password_pbkdf\n-00036070: 320a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2.--------------\n-00036080: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n-00036090: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 7061 7373 776f 7264 ommand: password\n-000360a0: 5f70 626b 6466 3220 7573 6572 2068 6173 _pbkdf2 user has\n-000360b0: 6865 642d 7061 7373 776f 7264 0a20 2020 hed-password. \n-000360c0: 2020 4465 6669 6e65 2061 2075 7365 7220 Define a user \n-000360d0: 6e61 6d65 6420 5553 4552 2077 6974 6820 named USER with \n-000360e0: 7061 7373 776f 7264 2068 6173 6820 4841 password hash HA\n-000360f0: 5348 4544 2d50 4153 5357 4f52 442e 2020 SHED-PASSWORD. \n-00036100: 5573 650a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6772 7562 Use. ...grub\n-00036110: 2d6d 6b70 6173 7377 642d 7062 6b64 6632 -mkpasswd-pbkdf2\n-00036120: e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2049 6e76 6f6b ... (*note Invok\n-00036130: 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b70 6173 7377 ing grub-mkpassw\n-00036140: 642d 7062 6b64 6632 3a3a 2920 746f 0a20 d-pbkdf2::) to. \n-00036150: 2020 2020 6765 6e65 7261 7465 2070 6173 generate pas\n-00036160: 7377 6f72 6420 6861 7368 6573 2e20 202a sword hashes. *\n-00036170: 4e6f 7465 2053 6563 7572 6974 793a 3a2e Note Security::.\n-00036180: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-00036190: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 706c 6169 nfo, Node: plai\n-000361a0: 6e6d 6f75 6e74 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2070 nmount, Next: p\n-000361b0: 6c61 792c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7061 7373 lay, Prev: pass\n-000361c0: 776f 7264 5f70 626b 6466 322c 2020 5570 word_pbkdf2, Up\n-000361d0: 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 : Command-line c\n-000361e0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3536 ommands..17.4.56\n-000361f0: 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f 756e 740a 2d2d 2d2d plainmount.----\n-00036200: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n-00036210: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2070 6c61 -- Command: pla\n-00036220: 696e 6d6f 756e 7420 6465 7669 6365 202d inmount device -\n-00036230: 6320 6369 7068 6572 202d 7320 6b65 7920 c cipher -s key \n-00036240: 7369 7a65 205b 2d68 2068 6173 685d 0a20 size [-h hash]. \n-00036250: 2020 2020 5be2 8098 2d53 e280 9920 7365 [...-S... se\n-00036260: 6374 6f72 2073 697a 655d 205b e280 982d ctor size] [...-\n-00036270: 70e2 8099 2070 6173 7377 6f72 645d 205b p... password] [\n-00036280: e280 982d 75e2 8099 2075 7569 645d 205b ...-u... uuid] [\n-00036290: 5be2 8098 2d64 e280 9920 6b65 7966 696c [...-d... keyfil\n-000362a0: 655d 0a20 2020 2020 5be2 8098 2d4f e280 e]. [...-O..\n-000362b0: 9920 6b65 7966 696c 6520 6f66 6673 6574 . keyfile offset\n-000362c0: 5d5d 0a0a 2020 2020 2053 6574 7570 2061 ]].. Setup a\n-000362d0: 6363 6573 7320 746f 2074 6865 2065 6e63 ccess to the enc\n-000362e0: 7279 7074 6564 2064 6576 6963 6520 696e rypted device in\n-000362f0: 2070 6c61 696e 206d 6f64 652e 2020 4f66 plain mode. Of\n-00036300: 6673 6574 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 fset of the. \n-00036310: 2065 6e63 7279 7074 6564 2064 6174 6120 encrypted data \n-00036320: 6174 2074 6865 2064 6576 6963 6520 6973 at the device is\n-00036330: 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2069 6e20 7465 specified in te\n-00036340: 726d 7320 6f66 2035 3132 2062 7974 650a rms of 512 byte.\n-00036350: 2020 2020 2073 6563 746f 7273 2075 7369 sectors usi\n-00036360: 6e67 2074 6865 2062 6c6f 636b 6c69 7374 ng the blocklist\n-00036370: 2073 796e 7461 7820 616e 6420 6c6f 6f70 syntax and loop\n-00036380: 6261 636b 2064 6576 6963 652e 2020 5468 back device. Th\n-00036390: 650a 2020 2020 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 e. following\n-000363a0: 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2073 686f 7773 2068 example shows h\n-000363b0: 6f77 2074 6f20 7370 6563 6966 7920 314d ow to specify 1M\n-000363c0: 6942 206f 6666 7365 743a 0a0a 2020 2020 iB offset:.. \n-000363d0: 2020 2020 2020 6c6f 6f70 6261 636b 206e loopback n\n-000363e0: 6f64 6520 2868 6430 2c67 7074 3129 3230 ode (hd0,gpt1)20\n-000363f0: 3438 2b0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 706c 48+. pl\n-00036400: 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 206e 6f64 6520 2e2e ainmount node ..\n-00036410: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 e280 9870 ... The ...p\n-00036420: 6c61 696e 6d6f 756e 74e2 8099 2063 6f6d lainmount... com\n-00036430: 6d61 6e64 2063 616e 2062 6520 7573 6564 mand can be used\n-00036440: 2074 6f20 6f70 656e 204c 554b 5320 656e to open LUKS en\n-00036450: 6372 7970 7465 6420 766f 6c75 6d65 0a20 crypted volume. \n-00036460: 2020 2020 6966 2069 7473 206d 6173 7465 if its maste\n-00036470: 7220 6b65 7920 616e 6420 7061 7261 6d65 r key and parame\n-00036480: 7465 7273 2028 6b65 7920 7369 7a65 2c20 ters (key size, \n-00036490: 6369 7068 6572 2c20 6f66 6673 6574 2c20 cipher, offset, \n-000364a0: 6574 6329 0a20 2020 2020 6172 6520 6b6e etc). are kn\n-000364b0: 6f77 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 7265 own... There\n-000364c0: 2061 7265 2074 776f 2077 6179 7320 746f are two ways to\n-000364d0: 2073 7065 6369 6679 2061 2070 6173 7377 specify a passw\n-000364e0: 6f72 643a 2061 206b 6579 6669 6c65 2061 ord: a keyfile a\n-000364f0: 6e64 2061 2073 6563 7265 740a 2020 2020 nd a secret. \n-00036500: 2070 6173 7370 6872 6173 652e 2020 5468 passphrase. Th\n-00036510: 6520 6b65 7966 696c 6520 7061 7468 2070 e keyfile path p\n-00036520: 6172 616d 6574 6572 2068 6173 2068 6967 arameter has hig\n-00036530: 6865 7220 7072 696f 7269 7479 2074 6861 her priority tha\n-00036540: 6e0a 2020 2020 2074 6865 2073 6563 7265 n. the secre\n-00036550: 7420 7061 7373 7068 7261 7365 2070 6172 t passphrase par\n-00036560: 616d 6574 6572 2061 6e64 2069 7320 7370 ameter and is sp\n-00036570: 6563 6966 6965 6420 7769 7468 2074 6865 ecified with the\n-00036580: 206f 7074 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 option. ...\n-00036590: 2d64 e280 992e 2020 5061 7373 776f 7264 -d.... Password\n-000365a0: 2064 6174 6120 6f62 7461 696e 6564 2066 data obtained f\n-000365b0: 726f 6d20 6b65 7966 696c 6573 2069 7320 rom keyfiles is \n-000365c0: 6e6f 7420 6861 7368 6564 2061 6e64 2069 not hashed and i\n-000365d0: 730a 2020 2020 2075 7365 6420 6469 7265 s. used dire\n-000365e0: 6374 6c79 2061 7320 6120 6369 7068 6572 ctly as a cipher\n-000365f0: 206b 6579 2e20 2041 6e20 6f70 7469 6f6e key. An option\n-00036600: 616c 206f 6666 7365 7420 6f66 2070 6173 al offset of pas\n-00036610: 7377 6f72 6420 6461 7461 0a20 2020 2020 sword data. \n-00036620: 696e 2074 6865 206b 6579 6669 6c65 2063 in the keyfile c\n-00036630: 616e 2062 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 an be specified \n-00036640: 7769 7468 2074 6865 206f 7074 696f 6e20 with the option \n-00036650: e280 982d 4fe2 8099 206f 7220 6469 7265 ...-O... or dire\n-00036660: 6374 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 7769 7468 2074 ctly. with t\n-00036670: 6865 206f 7074 696f 6e20 e280 982d 64e2 he option ...-d.\n-00036680: 8099 2061 6e64 2047 5255 4220 626c 6f63 .. and GRUB bloc\n-00036690: 6b6c 6973 7420 7379 6e74 6178 2c20 6966 klist syntax, if\n-000366a0: 2074 6865 206b 6579 6669 6c65 2064 6174 the keyfile dat\n-000366b0: 610a 2020 2020 2063 616e 2062 6520 6163 a. can be ac\n-000366c0: 6365 7373 6564 2066 726f 6d20 6120 6465 cessed from a de\n-000366d0: 7669 6365 2061 6e64 2069 7320 3531 3220 vice and is 512 \n-000366e0: 6279 7465 2061 6c69 676e 6564 2e20 2054 byte aligned. T\n-000366f0: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e he. followin\n-00036700: 6720 6578 616d 706c 6520 7368 6f77 7320 g example shows \n-00036710: 626f 7468 206d 6574 686f 6473 2074 6f20 both methods to \n-00036720: 7370 6563 6966 7920 7061 7373 776f 7264 specify password\n-00036730: 2064 6174 6120 696e 0a20 2020 2020 7468 data in. th\n-00036740: 6520 6b65 7966 696c 6520 6174 206f 6666 e keyfile at off\n-00036750: 7365 7420 314d 6942 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 set 1MiB:.. \n-00036760: 2020 2020 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f 756e 7420 plainmount \n-00036770: 2d64 2028 6864 302c 6770 7431 2932 3034 -d (hd0,gpt1)204\n-00036780: 382b 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 8+ .... \n-00036790: 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f 756e 7420 2d64 2028 plainmount -d (\n-000367a0: 6864 302c 6770 7431 292b 202d 4f20 3130 hd0,gpt1)+ -O 10\n-000367b0: 3438 3537 3620 2e2e 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 48576 ..... \n-000367c0: 4966 206e 6f20 6b65 7966 696c 6520 6973 If no keyfile is\n-000367d0: 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2074 6865 6e20 specified then \n-000367e0: 7468 6520 7061 7373 776f 7264 2069 7320 the password is \n-000367f0: 7365 7420 746f 2074 6865 2073 7472 696e set to the strin\n-00036800: 670a 2020 2020 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 g. specified\n-00036810: 2062 7920 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d70 by option ...-p\n-00036820: e280 9920 6f72 2069 7320 7265 7175 6573 ... or is reques\n-00036830: 7465 6420 696e 7465 7261 6374 6976 656c ted interactivel\n-00036840: 7920 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 y from the. \n-00036850: 636f 6e73 6f6c 652e 2020 496e 2062 6f74 console. In bot\n-00036860: 6820 6361 7365 7320 7468 6520 7072 6f76 h cases the prov\n-00036870: 6964 6564 2070 6173 7377 6f72 6420 6973 ided password is\n-00036880: 2068 6173 6865 6420 7769 7468 2074 6865 hashed with the\n-00036890: 0a20 2020 2020 616c 676f 7269 7468 6d20 . algorithm \n-000368a0: 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 6279 2074 6865 specified by the\n-000368b0: 206f 7074 696f 6e20 e280 982d 68e2 8099 option ...-h...\n-000368c0: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 . This option i\n-000368d0: 7320 6d61 6e64 6174 6f72 790a 2020 2020 s mandatory. \n-000368e0: 2069 6620 6e6f 206b 6579 6669 6c65 2069 if no keyfile i\n-000368f0: 7320 7370 6563 6966 6965 642c 2062 7574 s specified, but\n-00036900: 2069 7420 6361 6e20 6265 2073 6574 2074 it can be set t\n-00036910: 6f20 e280 9870 6c61 696e e280 9920 7768 o ...plain... wh\n-00036920: 6963 680a 2020 2020 206d 6561 6e73 2074 ich. means t\n-00036930: 6861 7420 6e6f 2068 6173 6869 6e67 2069 hat no hashing i\n-00036940: 7320 646f 6e65 2061 6e64 2073 7563 6820 s done and such \n-00036950: 7061 7373 776f 7264 2069 7320 7573 6564 password is used\n-00036960: 2064 6972 6563 746c 7920 6173 0a20 2020 directly as. \n-00036970: 2020 6120 6b65 792e 0a0a 2020 2020 2043 a key... C\n-00036980: 6970 6865 7220 e280 982d 63e2 8099 2061 ipher ...-c... a\n-00036990: 6e64 206b 6579 7369 7a65 20e2 8098 2d73 nd keysize ...-s\n-000369a0: e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 7370 6563 ... options spec\n-000369b0: 6966 7920 7468 6520 6369 7068 6572 2061 ify the cipher a\n-000369c0: 6c67 6f72 6974 686d 0a20 2020 2020 616e lgorithm. an\n-000369d0: 6420 7468 6520 6b65 7920 7369 7a65 2072 d the key size r\n-000369e0: 6573 7065 6374 6976 656c 7920 616e 6420 espectively and \n-000369f0: 6172 6520 6d61 6e64 6174 6f72 7920 6f70 are mandatory op\n-00036a00: 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 4369 7068 6572 0a20 tions. Cipher. \n-00036a10: 2020 2020 6d75 7374 2062 6520 7370 6563 must be spec\n-00036a20: 6966 6965 6420 7769 7468 2074 6865 206d ified with the m\n-00036a30: 6f64 6520 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 ode separated by\n-00036a40: 2061 2064 6173 6820 2866 6f72 2065 7861 a dash (for exa\n-00036a50: 6d70 6c65 2c0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6165 mple,. ...ae\n-00036a60: 732d 7874 732d 706c 6169 6e36 34e2 8099 s-xts-plain64...\n-00036a70: 292e 2020 4b65 7920 7369 7a65 206f 7074 ). Key size opt\n-00036a80: 696f 6e20 e280 982d 73e2 8099 2069 7320 ion ...-s... is \n-00036a90: 7468 6520 6b65 7920 7369 7a65 206f 6620 the key size of \n-00036aa0: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2063 6970 6865 7220 the. cipher \n-00036ab0: 696e 2062 6974 732c 206e 6f74 2074 6f20 in bits, not to \n-00036ac0: 6265 2063 6f6e 6675 7365 6420 7769 7468 be confused with\n-00036ad0: 2074 6865 206f 6666 7365 7420 6f66 2074 the offset of t\n-00036ae0: 6865 206b 6579 2064 6174 610a 2020 2020 he key data. \n-00036af0: 2069 6e20 6120 6b65 7966 696c 6520 7370 in a keyfile sp\n-00036b00: 6563 6966 6965 6420 7769 7468 2074 6865 ecified with the\n-00036b10: 20e2 8098 2d4f e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e ...-O... option\n-00036b20: 2e20 2049 7420 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 2065 . It must not e\n-00036b30: 7863 6565 640a 2020 2020 2031 3032 3420 xceed. 1024 \n-00036b40: 6269 7473 2c20 736f 2061 2033 3220 6279 bits, so a 32 by\n-00036b50: 7465 206b 6579 2077 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 te key would be \n-00036b60: 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 6173 2032 3536 specified as 256\n-00036b70: 2062 6974 730a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 bits.. The \n-00036b80: 6f70 7469 6f6e 616c 2070 6172 616d 6574 optional paramet\n-00036b90: 6572 20e2 8098 2d53 e280 9920 7370 6563 er ...-S... spec\n-00036ba0: 6966 6965 7320 656e 6372 7970 7465 6420 ifies encrypted \n-00036bb0: 6465 7669 6365 2073 6563 746f 7220 7369 device sector si\n-00036bc0: 7a65 2e0a 2020 2020 2049 7420 6d75 7374 ze.. It must\n-00036bd0: 2062 6520 6174 206c 6561 7374 2035 3132 be at least 512\n-00036be0: 2062 7974 6573 206c 6f6e 6720 2864 6566 bytes long (def\n-00036bf0: 6175 6c74 2076 616c 7565 2920 616e 6420 ault value) and \n-00036c00: 6120 706f 7765 7220 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 a power of. \n-00036c10: 322e 2020 2831 2920 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 2. (1) (*note \n-00036c20: 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 2d46 6f6f 746e plainmount-Footn\n-00036c30: 6f74 652d 313a 3a29 2e20 2044 6973 6b20 ote-1::). Disk \n-00036c40: 7365 6374 6f72 2073 697a 6520 6973 0a20 sector size is. \n-00036c50: 2020 2020 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2077 configured w\n-00036c60: 6865 6e20 6372 6561 7469 6e67 2074 6865 hen creating the\n-00036c70: 2065 6e63 7279 7074 6564 2076 6f6c 756d encrypted volum\n-00036c80: 652e 2020 4174 7465 6d70 7469 6e67 2074 e. Attempting t\n-00036c90: 6f0a 2020 2020 2064 6563 7279 7074 2076 o. decrypt v\n-00036ca0: 6f6c 756d 6573 2077 6974 6820 6120 6469 olumes with a di\n-00036cb0: 6666 6572 656e 7420 7365 6374 6f72 2073 fferent sector s\n-00036cc0: 697a 6520 7468 616e 2069 7420 7761 7320 ize than it was \n-00036cd0: 6372 6561 7465 640a 2020 2020 2077 6974 created. wit\n-00036ce0: 6820 7769 6c6c 206e 6f74 2072 6573 756c h will not resul\n-00036cf0: 7420 696e 2061 6e20 6572 726f 722c 2062 t in an error, b\n-00036d00: 7574 2077 696c 6c20 6465 6372 7970 7420 ut will decrypt \n-00036d10: 746f 2072 616e 646f 6d20 6279 7465 730a to random bytes.\n-00036d20: 2020 2020 2061 6e64 2074 6875 7320 7072 and thus pr\n-00036d30: 6576 656e 7420 6163 6365 7373 696e 6720 event accessing \n-00036d40: 7468 6520 766f 6c75 6d65 2028 696e 2073 the volume (in s\n-00036d50: 6f6d 6520 6361 7365 7320 7468 6520 6669 ome cases the fi\n-00036d60: 6c65 7379 7374 656d 0a20 2020 2020 6472 lesystem. dr\n-00036d70: 6976 6572 2063 616e 2064 6574 6563 7420 iver can detect \n-00036d80: 7468 6520 7072 6573 656e 6365 206f 6620 the presence of \n-00036d90: 6120 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2c20 6275 a filesystem, bu\n-00036da0: 7420 6e65 7665 7274 6865 6c65 7373 0a20 t nevertheless. \n-00036db0: 2020 2020 7769 6c6c 2072 6566 7573 6520 will refuse \n-00036dc0: 746f 206d 6f75 6e74 2069 7429 2e0a 0a20 to mount it)... \n-00036dd0: 2020 2020 4279 2064 6566 6175 6c74 206e By default n\n-00036de0: 6577 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f 756e 7420 6465 ew plainmount de\n-00036df0: 7669 6365 7320 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6769 vices will be gi\n-00036e00: 7665 6e20 6120 5555 4944 2073 7461 7274 ven a UUID start\n-00036e10: 696e 670a 2020 2020 2077 6974 6820 2731 ing. with '1\n-00036e20: 3039 6665 6138 342d 6136 6237 2d33 3461 09fea84-a6b7-34a\n-00036e30: 382d 3462 6431 2d31 6335 3036 3330 3561 8-4bd1-1c506305a\n-00036e40: 3430 3127 2077 6865 7265 2074 6865 206c 401' where the l\n-00036e50: 6173 7420 6469 6769 7473 0a20 2020 2020 ast digits. \n-00036e60: 6172 6520 696e 6372 656d 656e 7465 6420 are incremented \n-00036e70: 6279 206f 6e65 2066 6f72 2065 6163 6820 by one for each \n-00036e80: 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 6564 2064 6576 plainmounted dev\n-00036e90: 6963 6520 6265 796f 6e64 2074 6865 0a20 ice beyond the. \n-00036ea0: 2020 2020 6669 7273 7420 7570 2074 6f20 first up to \n-00036eb0: 325e 3130 2064 6576 6963 6573 2e0a 0a20 2^10 devices... \n-00036ec0: 2020 2020 416c 6c20 656e 6372 7970 7469 All encrypti\n-00036ed0: 6f6e 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 2028 6369 on arguments (ci\n-00036ee0: 7068 6572 2c20 6861 7368 2c20 6b65 7920 pher, hash, key \n-00036ef0: 7369 7a65 2c20 6469 736b 206f 6666 7365 size, disk offse\n-00036f00: 7420 616e 640a 2020 2020 2064 6973 6b20 t and. disk \n-00036f10: 7365 6374 6f72 2073 697a 6529 206d 7573 sector size) mus\n-00036f20: 7420 6d61 7463 6820 7468 6520 7061 7261 t match the para\n-00036f30: 6d65 7465 7273 2075 7365 6420 746f 2063 meters used to c\n-00036f40: 7265 6174 6520 7468 650a 2020 2020 2076 reate the. v\n-00036f50: 6f6c 756d 652e 2020 4966 2061 6e79 206f olume. If any o\n-00036f60: 6620 7468 656d 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 f them does not \n-00036f70: 6d61 7463 6820 7468 6520 6163 7475 616c match the actual\n-00036f80: 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 2075 7365 640a arguments used.\n-00036f90: 2020 2020 2064 7572 696e 6720 7468 6520 during the \n-00036fa0: 696e 6974 6961 6c20 656e 6372 7970 7469 initial encrypti\n-00036fb0: 6f6e 2c20 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 2077 on, plainmount w\n-00036fc0: 696c 6c20 6372 6561 7465 2076 6972 7475 ill create virtu\n-00036fd0: 616c 0a20 2020 2020 6465 7669 6365 2077 al. device w\n-00036fe0: 6974 6820 7468 6520 6761 7262 6167 6520 ith the garbage \n-00036ff0: 6461 7461 2061 6e64 2047 5255 4220 7769 data and GRUB wi\n-00037000: 6c6c 2072 6570 6f72 7420 756e 6b6e 6f77 ll report unknow\n-00037010: 6e0a 2020 2020 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 n. filesyste\n-00037020: 6d20 666f 7220 7375 6368 2064 6576 6963 m for such devic\n-00037030: 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 e.....File: grub\n-00037040: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 706c .info, Node: pl\n-00037050: 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 2d46 6f6f 746e 6f74 ainmount-Footnot\n-00037060: 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f es, Up: plainmo\n-00037070: 756e 740a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 4375 7272 unt.. (1) Curr\n-00037080: 656e 7420 696d 706c 656d 656e 7461 7469 ent implementati\n-00037090: 6f6e 206f 6620 6372 7970 7473 6574 7570 on of cryptsetup\n-000370a0: 2073 7570 706f 7274 7320 6f6e 6c79 0a35 supports only.5\n-000370b0: 3132 2f31 3032 342f 3230 3438 2f34 3039 12/1024/2048/409\n-000370c0: 3620 6279 7465 2073 6563 746f 7273 0a0a 6 byte sectors..\n-000370d0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-000370e0: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 706c 6179 2c20 o, Node: play, \n-000370f0: 204e 6578 743a 2070 726f 6265 2c20 2050 Next: probe, P\n-00037100: 7265 763a 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f 756e 742c rev: plainmount,\n-00037110: 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 Up: Command-li\n-00037120: 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ne commands..17.\n-00037130: 342e 3537 2070 6c61 790a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 4.57 play.------\n-00037140: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n-00037150: 616e 643a 2070 6c61 7920 6669 6c65 207c and: play file |\n-00037160: 2074 656d 706f 205b 7069 7463 6831 2064 tempo [pitch1 d\n-00037170: 7572 6174 696f 6e31 5d20 5b70 6974 6368 uration1] [pitch\n-00037180: 3220 6475 7261 7469 6f6e 325d 202e 2e2e 2 duration2] ...\n-00037190: 0a20 2020 2020 506c 6179 7320 6120 7475 . Plays a tu\n-000371a0: 6e65 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 7468 6520 ne.. If the \n-000371b0: 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 2069 7320 6120 6669 argument is a fi\n-000371c0: 6c65 206e 616d 6520 282a 6e6f 7465 2046 le name (*note F\n-000371d0: 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 2073 796e 7461 783a ile name syntax:\n-000371e0: 3a29 2c20 706c 6179 2074 6865 0a20 2020 :), play the. \n-000371f0: 2020 7475 6e65 2072 6563 6f72 6465 6420 tune recorded \n-00037200: 696e 2069 742e 2020 5468 6520 6669 6c65 in it. The file\n-00037210: 2066 6f72 6d61 7420 6973 2066 6972 7374 format is first\n-00037220: 2074 6865 2074 656d 706f 2061 7320 616e the tempo as an\n-00037230: 0a20 2020 2020 756e 7369 676e 6564 2033 . unsigned 3\n-00037240: 3262 6974 206c 6974 746c 652d 656e 6469 2bit little-endi\n-00037250: 616e 206e 756d 6265 722c 2074 6865 6e20 an number, then \n-00037260: 7061 6972 7320 6f66 2075 6e73 6967 6e65 pairs of unsigne\n-00037270: 6420 3136 6269 740a 2020 2020 206c 6974 d 16bit. lit\n-00037280: 746c 652d 656e 6469 616e 206e 756d 6265 tle-endian numbe\n-00037290: 7273 2066 6f72 2070 6974 6368 2061 6e64 rs for pitch and\n-000372a0: 2064 7572 6174 696f 6e20 7061 6972 732e duration pairs.\n-000372b0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 7468 6520 6172 .. If the ar\n-000372c0: 6775 6d65 6e74 7320 6172 6520 6120 7365 guments are a se\n-000372d0: 7269 6573 206f 6620 6e75 6d62 6572 732c ries of numbers,\n-000372e0: 2070 6c61 7920 7468 6520 696e 6c69 6e65 play the inline\n-000372f0: 2074 756e 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 tune... The\n-00037300: 2074 656d 706f 2069 7320 7468 6520 6261 tempo is the ba\n-00037310: 7365 2066 6f72 2061 6c6c 206e 6f74 6520 se for all note \n-00037320: 6475 7261 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 3630 2067 durations. 60 g\n-00037330: 6976 6573 2061 2031 2d73 6563 6f6e 640a ives a 1-second.\n-00037340: 2020 2020 2062 6173 652c 2031 3230 2067 base, 120 g\n-00037350: 6976 6573 2061 2068 616c 662d 7365 636f ives a half-seco\n-00037360: 6e64 2062 6173 652c 2065 7463 2e20 2050 nd base, etc. P\n-00037370: 6974 6368 6573 2061 7265 2048 7a2e 2020 itches are Hz. \n-00037380: 5365 740a 2020 2020 2070 6974 6368 2074 Set. pitch t\n-00037390: 6f20 3020 746f 2070 726f 6475 6365 2061 o 0 to produce a\n-000373a0: 2072 6573 742e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 rest.....File: \n-000373b0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-000373c0: 3a20 7072 6f62 652c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 : probe, Next: \n-000373d0: 7264 6d73 722c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 706c rdmsr, Prev: pl\n-000373e0: 6179 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ay, Up: Command\n-000373f0: 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a -line commands..\n-00037400: 3137 2e34 2e35 3820 7072 6f62 650a 2d2d 17.4.58 probe.--\n-00037410: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d -----------.. --\n-00037420: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 7072 6f62 6520 Command: probe \n-00037430: 5b2d 2d73 6574 2076 6172 5d0a 2020 2020 [--set var]. \n-00037440: 2020 2020 2020 2d2d 6472 6976 6572 7c2d --driver|-\n-00037450: 2d70 6172 746d 6170 7c2d 2d66 737c 2d2d -partmap|--fs|--\n-00037460: 6673 2d75 7569 647c 2d2d 6c61 6265 6c7c fs-uuid|--label|\n-00037470: 2d2d 7061 7274 2d75 7569 6420 6465 7669 --part-uuid devi\n-00037480: 6365 0a20 2020 2020 5265 7472 6965 7665 ce. Retrieve\n-00037490: 2064 6576 6963 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 device informat\n-000374a0: 696f 6e2e 2020 4966 206f 7074 696f 6e20 ion. If option \n-000374b0: e280 982d 2d73 6574 e280 9920 6973 2067 ...--set... is g\n-000374c0: 6976 656e 2c20 6173 7369 676e 0a20 2020 iven, assign. \n-000374d0: 2020 7265 7375 6c74 2074 6f20 7661 7269 result to vari\n-000374e0: 6162 6c65 2056 4152 2c20 6f74 6865 7277 able VAR, otherw\n-000374f0: 6973 6520 7072 696e 7420 696e 666f 726d ise print inform\n-00037500: 6174 696f 6e20 6f6e 2074 6865 2073 6372 ation on the scr\n-00037510: 6565 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 206f een... The o\n-00037520: 7074 696f 6e20 e280 982d 2d70 6172 742d ption ...--part-\n-00037530: 7575 6964 e280 9920 6973 2063 7572 7265 uuid... is curre\n-00037540: 6e74 6c79 206f 6e6c 7920 696d 706c 656d ntly only implem\n-00037550: 656e 7465 6420 666f 7220 4d53 444f 530a ented for MSDOS.\n-00037560: 2020 2020 2061 6e64 2047 5054 2066 6f72 and GPT for\n-00037570: 6d61 7474 6564 2064 6973 6b73 2e0a 0a1f matted disks....\n-00037580: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-00037590: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2072 646d 7372 2c20 , Node: rdmsr, \n-000375a0: 204e 6578 743a 2072 6561 642c 2020 5072 Next: read, Pr\n-000375b0: 6576 3a20 7072 6f62 652c 2020 5570 3a20 ev: probe, Up: \n-000375c0: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d Command-line com\n-000375d0: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3539 2072 mands..17.4.59 r\n-000375e0: 646d 7372 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d dmsr.-----------\n-000375f0: 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a --.. -- Command:\n-00037600: 3a20 7264 6d73 7220 3078 4144 4452 205b : rdmsr 0xADDR [\n-00037610: 2d76 2056 4152 4e41 4d45 5d0a 2020 2020 -v VARNAME]. \n-00037620: 2052 6561 6420 6120 6d6f 6465 6c2d 7370 Read a model-sp\n-00037630: 6563 6966 6963 2072 6567 6973 7465 7220 ecific register \n-00037640: 6174 2061 6464 7265 7373 2030 7841 4444 at address 0xADD\n-00037650: 522e 2049 6620 7468 6520 7061 7261 6d65 R. If the parame\n-00037660: 7465 720a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2d76 e280 ter. ...-v..\n-00037670: 9920 6973 2075 7365 6420 616e 6420 616e . is used and an\n-00037680: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n-00037690: 6961 626c 6520 5641 524e 414d 4520 6973 iable VARNAME is\n-000376a0: 2067 6976 656e 2c20 7365 7420 7468 6174 given, set that\n-000376b0: 0a20 2020 2020 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e . environmen\n-000376c0: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 7468 t variable to th\n-000376d0: 6520 7661 6c75 6520 7468 6174 2077 6173 e value that was\n-000376e0: 2072 6561 642e 0a0a 2020 2020 2050 6c65 read... Ple\n-000376f0: 6173 6520 6e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 6f6e ase note that on\n-00037700: 2053 4d50 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2c20 7265 SMP systems, re\n-00037710: 6164 696e 6720 6672 6f6d 2061 204d 5352 ading from a MSR\n-00037720: 2074 6861 7420 6861 7320 610a 2020 2020 that has a. \n-00037730: 2073 636f 7065 2070 6572 2068 6172 6477 scope per hardw\n-00037740: 6172 6520 7468 7265 6164 2c20 696d 706c are thread, impl\n-00037750: 6965 7320 7468 6174 2074 6865 2076 616c ies that the val\n-00037760: 7565 2074 6861 7420 6973 2072 6574 7572 ue that is retur\n-00037770: 6e65 640a 2020 2020 206f 6e6c 7920 6170 ned. only ap\n-00037780: 706c 6965 7320 746f 2074 6865 2070 6172 plies to the par\n-00037790: 7469 6375 6c61 7220 6370 752f 636f 7265 ticular cpu/core\n-000377a0: 2f74 6872 6561 6420 7468 6174 2072 756e /thread that run\n-000377b0: 7320 7468 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 6d61 s the. comma\n-000377c0: 6e64 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 416c 736f 2c20 nd... Also, \n-000377d0: 6966 2079 6f75 2073 7065 6369 6679 2061 if you specify a\n-000377e0: 2072 6573 6572 7665 6420 6f72 2075 6e69 reserved or uni\n-000377f0: 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 6564 204d 5352 2061 mplemented MSR a\n-00037800: 6464 7265 7373 2c20 6974 0a20 2020 2020 ddress, it. \n-00037810: 7769 6c6c 2063 6175 7365 2061 2067 656e will cause a gen\n-00037820: 6572 616c 2070 726f 7465 6374 696f 6e20 eral protection \n-00037830: 6578 6365 7074 696f 6e20 2877 6869 6368 exception (which\n-00037840: 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 6375 7272 656e 746c is not currentl\n-00037850: 790a 2020 2020 2062 6569 6e67 2068 616e y. being han\n-00037860: 646c 6564 2920 616e 6420 7468 6520 7379 dled) and the sy\n-00037870: 7374 656d 2077 696c 6c20 7265 626f 6f74 stem will reboot\n-00037880: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-00037890: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2072 6561 info, Node: rea\n-000378a0: 642c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7265 626f 6f74 d, Next: reboot\n-000378b0: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2072 646d 7372 2c20 , Prev: rdmsr, \n-000378c0: 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e Up: Command-lin\n-000378d0: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 e commands..17.4\n-000378e0: 2e36 3020 7265 6164 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .60 read.-------\n-000378f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 -----.. -- Comma\n-00037900: 6e64 3a20 7265 6164 205b 2d73 5d20 5b76 nd: read [-s] [v\n-00037910: 6172 5d0a 2020 2020 2052 6561 6420 6120 ar]. Read a \n-00037920: 6c69 6e65 206f 6620 696e 7075 7420 6672 line of input fr\n-00037930: 6f6d 2074 6865 2075 7365 722e 2020 4966 om the user. If\n-00037940: 2061 6e20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 an environment \n-00037950: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2056 4152 0a20 2020 variable VAR. \n-00037960: 2020 6973 2067 6976 656e 2c20 7365 7420 is given, set \n-00037970: 7468 6174 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 that environment\n-00037980: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 746f 2074 6865 variable to the\n-00037990: 206c 696e 6520 6f66 2069 6e70 7574 2074 line of input t\n-000379a0: 6861 740a 2020 2020 2077 6173 2072 6561 hat. was rea\n-000379b0: 642c 2077 6974 6820 6e6f 2074 6572 6d69 d, with no termi\n-000379c0: 6e61 7469 6e67 206e 6577 6c69 6e65 2e20 nating newline. \n-000379d0: 2049 6620 7468 6520 7061 7261 6d65 7465 If the paramete\n-000379e0: 7220 e280 982d 73e2 8099 2069 730a 2020 r ...-s... is. \n-000379f0: 2020 2075 7365 642c 2065 6e61 626c 6520 used, enable \n-00037a00: 7369 6c65 6e74 206d 6f64 6520 7768 6572 silent mode wher\n-00037a10: 6520 696e 7075 7420 6973 206e 6f74 2070 e input is not p\n-00037a20: 7269 6e74 6564 2074 6f20 7468 650a 2020 rinted to the. \n-00037a30: 2020 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2e 0a0a 1f0a terminal.....\n-00037a40: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-00037a50: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7265 626f 6f74 2c20 Node: reboot, \n-00037a60: 204e 6578 743a 2072 6567 6578 702c 2020 Next: regexp, \n-00037a70: 5072 6576 3a20 7265 6164 2c20 2055 703a Prev: read, Up:\n-00037a80: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f Command-line co\n-00037a90: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e36 3120 mmands..17.4.61 \n-00037aa0: 7265 626f 6f74 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d reboot.---------\n-00037ab0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 -----.. -- Comma\n-00037ac0: 6e64 3a20 7265 626f 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 nd: reboot. \n-00037ad0: 5265 626f 6f74 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 7075 Reboot the compu\n-00037ae0: 7465 722e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ter.....File: gr\n-00037af0: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-00037b00: 7265 6765 7870 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2072 regexp, Next: r\n-00037b10: 6d6d 6f64 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2072 6562 mmod, Prev: reb\n-00037b20: 6f6f 742c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e oot, Up: Comman\n-00037b30: 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a d-line commands.\n-00037b40: 0a31 372e 342e 3632 2072 6567 6578 700a .17.4.62 regexp.\n-00037b50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n-00037b60: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2072 6567 -- Command: reg\n-00037b70: 6578 7020 5b2d 2d73 6574 205b 6e75 6d62 exp [--set [numb\n-00037b80: 6572 3a5d 7661 725d 2072 6567 6578 7020 er:]var] regexp \n-00037b90: 7374 7269 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 5465 7374 string. Test\n-00037ba0: 2069 6620 7265 6775 6c61 7220 6578 7072 if regular expr\n-00037bb0: 6573 7369 6f6e 2052 4547 4558 5020 6d61 ession REGEXP ma\n-00037bc0: 7463 6865 7320 5354 5249 4e47 2e20 2053 tches STRING. S\n-00037bd0: 7570 706f 7274 6564 0a20 2020 2020 7265 upported. re\n-00037be0: 6775 6c61 7220 6578 7072 6573 7369 6f6e gular expression\n-00037bf0: 7320 6172 6520 504f 5349 582e 3220 4578 s are POSIX.2 Ex\n-00037c00: 7465 6e64 6564 2052 6567 756c 6172 2045 tended Regular E\n-00037c10: 7870 7265 7373 696f 6e73 2e20 2049 660a xpressions. If.\n-00037c20: 2020 2020 206f 7074 696f 6e20 e280 982d option ...-\n-00037c30: 2d73 6574 e280 9920 6973 2067 6976 656e -set... is given\n-00037c40: 2c20 7374 6f72 6520 4e55 4d42 4552 7468 , store NUMBERth\n-00037c50: 206d 6174 6368 6564 2073 7562 6578 7072 matched subexpr\n-00037c60: 6573 7369 6f6e 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2076 ession in. v\n-00037c70: 6172 6961 626c 6520 5641 522e 2020 5375 ariable VAR. Su\n-00037c80: 6265 7870 7265 7373 696f 6e73 2061 7265 bexpressions are\n-00037c90: 206e 756d 6265 7265 6420 696e 206f 7264 numbered in ord\n-00037ca0: 6572 206f 6620 7468 6569 720a 2020 2020 er of their. \n-00037cb0: 206f 7065 6e69 6e67 2070 6172 656e 7468 opening parenth\n-00037cc0: 6573 6573 2073 7461 7274 696e 6720 6672 eses starting fr\n-00037cd0: 6f6d 20e2 8098 31e2 8099 2e20 204e 554d om ...1.... NUM\n-00037ce0: 4245 5220 6465 6661 756c 7473 2074 6f20 BER defaults to \n-00037cf0: e280 9831 e280 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 ...1........File\n-00037d00: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-00037d10: 6465 3a20 726d 6d6f 642c 2020 4e65 7874 de: rmmod, Next\n-00037d20: 3a20 7361 7665 5f65 6e76 2c20 2050 7265 : save_env, Pre\n-00037d30: 763a 2072 6567 6578 702c 2020 5570 3a20 v: regexp, Up: \n-00037d40: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d Command-line com\n-00037d50: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3633 2072 mands..17.4.63 r\n-00037d60: 6d6d 6f64 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d mmod.-----------\n-00037d70: 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a --.. -- Command:\n-00037d80: 2072 6d6d 6f64 206d 6f64 756c 650a 2020 rmmod module. \n-00037d90: 2020 2052 656d 6f76 6520 6120 6c6f 6164 Remove a load\n-00037da0: 6564 204d 4f44 554c 452e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 ed MODULE.....Fi\n-00037db0: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-00037dc0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 7361 7665 5f65 6e76 2c20 Node: save_env, \n-00037dd0: 204e 6578 743a 2073 6561 7263 682c 2020 Next: search, \n-00037de0: 5072 6576 3a20 726d 6d6f 642c 2020 5570 Prev: rmmod, Up\n-00037df0: 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 : Command-line c\n-00037e00: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3634 ommands..17.4.64\n-00037e10: 2073 6176 655f 656e 760a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d save_env.------\n-00037e20: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n-00037e30: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2073 6176 655f 656e Command: save_en\n-00037e40: 7620 5b2d 2d66 696c 6520 6669 6c65 5d20 v [--file file] \n-00037e50: 7661 7220 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 2053 6176 var .... Sav\n-00037e60: 6520 7468 6520 6e61 6d65 6420 7661 7269 e the named vari\n-00037e70: 6162 6c65 7320 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2065 ables from the e\n-00037e80: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2074 6f20 7468 nvironment to th\n-00037e90: 6520 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 740a 2020 e environment. \n-00037ea0: 2020 2062 6c6f 636b 2066 696c 652e 2020 block file. \n-00037eb0: 2a4e 6f74 6520 456e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e *Note Environmen\n-00037ec0: 7420 626c 6f63 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 2020 2020 t block::... \n-00037ed0: 2054 6865 20e2 8098 2d2d 6669 6c65 e280 The ...--file..\n-00037ee0: 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 206f 7665 7272 6964 . option overrid\n-00037ef0: 6573 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 206c es the default l\n-00037f00: 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 ocation of the. \n-00037f10: 2020 2020 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 environment \n-00037f20: 626c 6f63 6b2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6869 block... Thi\n-00037f30: 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 7769 6c6c 206f s command will o\n-00037f40: 7065 7261 7465 2073 7563 6365 7373 6675 perate successfu\n-00037f50: 6c6c 7920 6576 656e 2077 6865 6e20 656e lly even when en\n-00037f60: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 740a 2020 2020 2076 vironment. v\n-00037f70: 6172 6961 626c 6520 e280 9863 6865 636b ariable ...check\n-00037f80: 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 7265 73e2 8099 2069 _signatures... i\n-00037f90: 7320 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 656e 666f s set to ...enfo\n-00037fa0: 7263 65e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 rce... (*note. \n-00037fb0: 2020 2063 6865 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 check_signatu\n-00037fc0: 7265 733a 3a29 2c20 7369 6e63 6520 6974 res::), since it\n-00037fd0: 2077 7269 7465 7320 746f 2064 6973 6b20 writes to disk \n-00037fe0: 616e 6420 646f 6573 206e 6f74 2061 6c74 and does not alt\n-00037ff0: 6572 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6265 6861 er the. beha\n-00038000: 7669 6f72 206f 6620 4752 5542 2062 6173 vior of GRUB bas\n-00038010: 6564 206f 6e20 616e 7920 636f 6e74 656e ed on any conten\n-00038020: 7473 206f 6620 6469 736b 2074 6861 7420 ts of disk that \n-00038030: 6861 7665 2062 6565 6e20 7265 6164 2e0a have been read..\n-00038040: 2020 2020 2049 7420 6973 2070 6f73 7369 It is possi\n-00038050: 626c 6520 746f 206d 6f64 6966 7920 6120 ble to modify a \n-00038060: 6469 6769 7461 6c6c 7920 7369 676e 6564 digitally signed\n-00038070: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f environment blo\n-00038080: 636b 2066 696c 650a 2020 2020 2066 726f ck file. fro\n-00038090: 6d20 7769 7468 696e 2047 5255 4220 7573 m within GRUB us\n-000380a0: 696e 6720 7468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ing this command\n-000380b0: 2c20 7375 6368 2074 6861 7420 6974 7320 , such that its \n-000380c0: 7369 676e 6174 7572 6520 7769 6c6c 0a20 signature will. \n-000380d0: 2020 2020 6e6f 206c 6f6e 6765 7220 6265 no longer be\n-000380e0: 2076 616c 6964 206f 6e20 7375 6273 6571 valid on subseq\n-000380f0: 7565 6e74 2062 6f6f 7473 2e20 2043 6172 uent boots. Car\n-00038100: 6520 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 7461 6b65 e should be take\n-00038110: 6e20 696e 0a20 2020 2020 7375 6368 2061 n in. such a\n-00038120: 6476 616e 6365 6420 636f 6e66 6967 7572 dvanced configur\n-00038130: 6174 696f 6e73 2074 6f20 6176 6f69 6420 ations to avoid \n-00038140: 7265 6e64 6572 696e 6720 7468 6520 7379 rendering the sy\n-00038150: 7374 656d 0a20 2020 2020 756e 626f 6f74 stem. unboot\n-00038160: 6162 6c65 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 2055 7369 able. *Note Usi\n-00038170: 6e67 2064 6967 6974 616c 2073 6967 6e61 ng digital signa\n-00038180: 7475 7265 733a 3a2c 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 tures::, for mor\n-00038190: 650a 2020 2020 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 e. informati\n-000381a0: 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 on.....File: gru\n-000381b0: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2073 b.info, Node: s\n-000381c0: 6561 7263 682c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7365 earch, Next: se\n-000381d0: 6e64 6b65 792c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7361 ndkey, Prev: sa\n-000381e0: 7665 5f65 6e76 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d ve_env, Up: Com\n-000381f0: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n-00038200: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e36 3520 7365 6172 ds..17.4.65 sear\n-00038210: 6368 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ch.-------------\n-00038220: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n-00038230: 7365 6172 6368 205b 2d2d 6669 6c65 7c2d search [--file|-\n-00038240: 2d6c 6162 656c 7c2d 2d66 732d 7575 6964 -label|--fs-uuid\n-00038250: 5d20 5b2d 2d73 6574 205b 7661 725d 5d0a ] [--set [var]].\n-00038260: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5b2d 2d6e 6f2d [--no-\n-00038270: 666c 6f70 7079 7c2d 2d65 6669 6469 736b floppy|--efidisk\n-00038280: 2d6f 6e6c 795d 206e 616d 650a 2020 2020 -only] name. \n-00038290: 2053 6561 7263 6820 6465 7669 6365 7320 Search devices \n-000382a0: 6279 2066 696c 6520 28e2 8098 2d66 e280 by file (...-f..\n-000382b0: 992c 20e2 8098 2d2d 6669 6c65 e280 9929 ., ...--file...)\n-000382c0: 2c20 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 206c 6162 , filesystem lab\n-000382d0: 656c 2028 e280 982d 6ce2 8099 2c0a 2020 el (...-l...,. \n-000382e0: 2020 20e2 8098 2d2d 6c61 6265 6ce2 8099 ...--label...\n-000382f0: 292c 206f 7220 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d ), or filesystem\n-00038300: 2055 5549 4420 28e2 8098 2d75 e280 992c UUID (...-u...,\n-00038310: 20e2 8098 2d2d 6673 2d75 7569 64e2 8099 ...--fs-uuid...\n-00038320: 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 7468 6520 )... If the \n-00038330: 28e2 8098 2d73 e280 992c 20e2 8098 2d2d (...-s..., ...--\n-00038340: 7365 74e2 8099 2920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 set...) option i\n-00038350: 7320 7573 6564 2c20 7468 6520 6669 7273 s used, the firs\n-00038360: 7420 6465 7669 6365 2066 6f75 6e64 2069 t device found i\n-00038370: 730a 2020 2020 2073 6574 2061 7320 7468 s. set as th\n-00038380: 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 2065 6e76 6972 e value of envir\n-00038390: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 onment variable \n-000383a0: 5641 522e 2020 5468 6520 6465 6661 756c VAR. The defaul\n-000383b0: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 t variable. \n-000383c0: 6973 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 e280 992e 0a0a is ...root......\n-000383d0: 2020 2020 2054 6865 2028 e280 982d 6ee2 The (...-n.\n-000383e0: 8099 2c20 e280 982d 2d6e 6f2d 666c 6f70 .., ...--no-flop\n-000383f0: 7079 e280 9929 206f 7074 696f 6e20 7072 py...) option pr\n-00038400: 6576 656e 7473 2073 6561 7263 6869 6e67 events searching\n-00038410: 2066 6c6f 7070 7920 6465 7669 6365 732c floppy devices,\n-00038420: 0a20 2020 2020 7768 6963 6820 6361 6e20 . which can \n-00038430: 6265 2073 6c6f 772e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 be slow... T\n-00038440: 6865 2028 e280 982d 2d65 6669 6469 736b he (...--efidisk\n-00038450: 2d6f 6e6c 79e2 8099 2920 6f70 7469 6f6e -only...) option\n-00038460: 2070 7265 7665 6e74 7320 7365 6172 6368 prevents search\n-00038470: 696e 6720 616e 7920 6f74 6865 7220 6465 ing any other de\n-00038480: 7669 6365 730a 2020 2020 2074 6865 6e20 vices. then \n-00038490: 4546 4920 6469 736b 732e 2020 5468 6973 EFI disks. This\n-000384a0: 2069 7320 7479 7069 6361 6c6c 7920 7573 is typically us\n-000384b0: 6564 2077 6865 6e20 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 ed when chainloa\n-000384c0: 6469 6e67 2074 6f20 6c6f 6361 6c0a 2020 ding to local. \n-000384d0: 2020 2045 4649 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e EFI partition\n-000384e0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 e280 9873 ... The ...s\n-000384f0: 6561 7263 682e 6669 6c65 e280 992c 20e2 earch.file..., .\n-00038500: 8098 7365 6172 6368 2e66 735f 6c61 6265 ..search.fs_labe\n-00038510: 6ce2 8099 2c20 616e 6420 e280 9873 6561 l..., and ...sea\n-00038520: 7263 682e 6673 5f75 7569 64e2 8099 2063 rch.fs_uuid... c\n-00038530: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 2020 2020 2061 7265 ommands. are\n-00038540: 2061 6c69 6173 6573 2066 6f72 20e2 8098 aliases for ...\n-00038550: 7365 6172 6368 202d 2d66 696c 65e2 8099 search --file...\n-00038560: 2c20 e280 9873 6561 7263 6820 2d2d 6c61 , ...search --la\n-00038570: 6265 6ce2 8099 2c20 616e 6420 e280 9873 bel..., and ...s\n-00038580: 6561 7263 680a 2020 2020 202d 2d66 732d earch. --fs-\n-00038590: 7575 6964 e280 9920 7265 7370 6563 7469 uuid... respecti\n-000385a0: 7665 6c79 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 416c 736f vely... Also\n-000385b0: 2068 696e 7473 2061 7320 746f 2077 6869 hints as to whi\n-000385c0: 6368 2064 6576 6963 6520 6d61 7920 6265 ch device may be\n-000385d0: 2074 6865 206d 6f73 7420 6c69 6b65 6c79 the most likely\n-000385e0: 2074 6f20 636f 6e74 6169 6e20 7468 650a to contain the.\n-000385f0: 2020 2020 2069 7465 6d20 7365 6172 6368 item search\n-00038600: 6564 2066 6f72 206d 6179 2062 6520 6769 ed for may be gi\n-00038610: 7665 6e20 7669 6120 7468 6520 28e2 8098 ven via the (...\n-00038620: 2d68 e280 992c 20e2 8098 2d2d 6869 6e74 -h..., ...--hint\n-00038630: e280 9929 206f 7074 696f 6e20 7769 7468 ...) option with\n-00038640: 0a20 2020 2020 6120 6465 7669 6365 206e . a device n\n-00038650: 616d 6520 6173 2061 6e20 6172 6775 6d65 ame as an argume\n-00038660: 6e74 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6520 6172 6775 nt. If the argu\n-00038670: 6d65 6e74 2065 6e64 7320 7769 7468 2061 ment ends with a\n-00038680: 2063 6f6d 6d61 2c0a 2020 2020 2074 6865 comma,. the\n-00038690: 6e20 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e73 206f 6e20 n partitions on \n-000386a0: 7468 6520 6465 7669 6365 2061 7265 2061 the device are a\n-000386b0: 6c73 6f20 7365 6172 6368 6564 2e20 2046 lso searched. F\n-000386c0: 7572 7468 6572 6d6f 7265 2c0a 2020 2020 urthermore,. \n-000386d0: 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d20 7370 6563 6966 platform specif\n-000386e0: 6963 2068 696e 7473 206d 6179 2062 6520 ic hints may be \n-000386f0: 6769 7665 6e20 7669 6120 7468 6520 6f70 given via the op\n-00038700: 7469 6f6e 730a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2d2d tions. ...--\n-00038710: 6869 6e74 2d69 6565 6531 3237 35e2 8099 hint-ieee1275...\n-00038720: 2c20 e280 982d 2d68 696e 742d 6269 6f73 , ...--hint-bios\n-00038730: e280 992c 20e2 8098 2d2d 6869 6e74 2d62 ..., ...--hint-b\n-00038740: 6172 656d 6574 616c e280 992c 20e2 8098 aremetal..., ...\n-00038750: 2d2d 6869 6e74 2d65 6669 e280 992c 0a20 --hint-efi...,. \n-00038760: 2020 2020 616e 6420 e280 982d 2d68 696e and ...--hin\n-00038770: 742d 6172 63e2 8099 2e20 2057 6865 6e20 t-arc.... When \n-00038780: 7370 6563 6966 6965 642c 2074 6865 7365 specified, these\n-00038790: 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2074 616b 6520 616e options take an\n-000387a0: 2061 7267 756d 656e 740a 2020 2020 2061 argument. a\n-000387b0: 6e64 206f 7065 7261 7465 206c 696b 6520 nd operate like \n-000387c0: e280 982d 2d68 696e 74e2 8099 2c20 6275 ...--hint..., bu\n-000387d0: 7420 6f6e 6c79 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7370 t only on the sp\n-000387e0: 6563 6966 6965 6420 706c 6174 666f 726d ecified platform\n-000387f0: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-00038800: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2073 656e info, Node: sen\n-00038810: 646b 6579 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2073 6574 dkey, Next: set\n-00038820: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2073 6561 7263 682c , Prev: search,\n-00038830: 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 Up: Command-li\n-00038840: 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ne commands..17.\n-00038850: 342e 3636 2073 656e 646b 6579 0a2d 2d2d 4.66 sendkey.---\n-00038860: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n-00038870: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2073 656e 646b - Command: sendk\n-00038880: 6579 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 205b 2d2d ey. [--\n-00038890: 6e75 6d7c 2d2d 6361 7073 7c2d 2d73 6372 num|--caps|--scr\n-000388a0: 6f6c 6c7c 2d2d 696e 7365 7274 7c2d 2d70 oll|--insert|--p\n-000388b0: 6175 7365 7c2d 2d6c 6566 742d 7368 6966 ause|--left-shif\n-000388c0: 747c 2d2d 7269 6768 742d 7368 6966 747c t|--right-shift|\n-000388d0: 2d2d 7379 7372 717c 2d2d 6e75 6d6b 6579 --sysrq|--numkey\n-000388e0: 7c2d 2d63 6170 736b 6579 7c2d 2d73 6372 |--capskey|--scr\n-000388f0: 6f6c 6c6b 6579 7c2d 2d69 6e73 6572 746b ollkey|--insertk\n-00038900: 6579 7c2d 2d6c 6566 742d 616c 747c 2d2d ey|--left-alt|--\n-00038910: 7269 6768 742d 616c 747c 2d2d 6c65 6674 right-alt|--left\n-00038920: 2d63 7472 6c7c 2d2d 7269 6768 742d 6374 -ctrl|--right-ct\n-00038930: 726c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 206f 6e7c rl. on|\n-00038940: 6f66 665d 2e2e 2e20 5b6e 6f2d 6c65 645d off]... [no-led]\n-00038950: 206b 6579 7374 726f 6b65 0a20 2020 2020 keystroke. \n-00038960: 496e 7365 7274 206b 6579 7374 726f 6b65 Insert keystroke\n-00038970: 7320 696e 746f 2074 6865 206b 6579 626f s into the keybo\n-00038980: 6172 6420 6275 6666 6572 2077 6865 6e20 ard buffer when \n-00038990: 626f 6f74 696e 672e 2020 536f 6d65 7469 booting. Someti\n-000389a0: 6d65 730a 2020 2020 2061 6e20 6f70 6572 mes. an oper\n-000389b0: 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 206f 7220 ating system or \n-000389c0: 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 6420 626f 6f74 chainloaded boot\n-000389d0: 206c 6f61 6465 7220 7265 7175 6972 6573 loader requires\n-000389e0: 2070 6172 7469 6375 6c61 720a 2020 2020 particular. \n-000389f0: 206b 6579 7320 746f 2062 6520 7072 6573 keys to be pres\n-00038a00: 7365 643a 2066 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 sed: for example\n-00038a10: 2c20 6f6e 6520 6d69 6768 7420 6e65 6564 , one might need\n-00038a20: 2074 6f20 7072 6573 7320 610a 2020 2020 to press a. \n-00038a30: 2070 6172 7469 6375 6c61 7220 6b65 7920 particular key \n-00038a40: 746f 2065 6e74 6572 2022 7361 6665 206d to enter \"safe m\n-00038a50: 6f64 6522 2c20 6f72 2077 6865 6e20 6368 ode\", or when ch\n-00038a60: 6169 6e6c 6f61 6469 6e67 2061 6e6f 7468 ainloading anoth\n-00038a70: 6572 0a20 2020 2020 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 er. boot loa\n-00038a80: 6465 7220 6f6e 6520 6d69 6768 7420 7365 der one might se\n-00038a90: 6e64 206b 6579 7374 726f 6b65 7320 746f nd keystrokes to\n-00038aa0: 2069 7420 746f 206e 6176 6967 6174 6520 it to navigate \n-00038ab0: 6974 7320 6d65 6e75 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 its menu... \n-00038ac0: 4e6f 7465 3a20 5468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 Note: This comma\n-00038ad0: 6e64 2069 7320 6375 7272 656e 746c 7920 nd is currently \n-00038ae0: 6f6e 6c79 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 206f only available o\n-00038af0: 6e20 7468 6520 6933 3836 2d70 630a 2020 n the i386-pc. \n-00038b00: 2020 2074 6172 6765 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 target... \n-00038b10: 2059 6f75 206d 6179 2070 726f 7669 6465 You may provide\n-00038b20: 2075 7020 746f 2031 3620 6b65 7973 7472 up to 16 keystr\n-00038b30: 6f6b 6573 2028 7468 6520 6c65 6e67 7468 okes (the length\n-00038b40: 206f 6620 7468 6520 4249 4f53 0a20 2020 of the BIOS. \n-00038b50: 2020 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 2062 7566 6665 keyboard buffe\n-00038b60: 7229 2e20 204b 6579 7374 726f 6b65 206e r). Keystroke n\n-00038b70: 616d 6573 206d 6179 2062 6520 7570 7065 ames may be uppe\n-00038b80: 722d 6361 7365 206f 7220 6c6f 7765 722d r-case or lower-\n-00038b90: 6361 7365 0a20 2020 2020 6c65 7474 6572 case. letter\n-00038ba0: 732c 2064 6967 6974 732c 206f 7220 7461 s, digits, or ta\n-00038bb0: 6b65 6e20 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2066 6f6c ken from the fol\n-00038bc0: 6c6f 7769 6e67 2074 6162 6c65 3a0a 0a20 lowing table:.. \n-00038bd0: 2020 2020 4e61 6d65 2020 2020 2020 2020 Name \n-00038be0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00038bf0: 2020 4b65 790a 2020 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d Key. -----\n+0002cf60: 5368 7574 2064 6f77 6e20 796f 7572 2063 Shut down your c\n+0002cf70: 6f6d 7075 7465 720a 2a20 6861 7368 7375 omputer.* hashsu\n+0002cf80: 6d3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 m:: \n+0002cf90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 436f 6d70 7574 6520 Compute \n+0002cfa0: 6f72 2063 6865 636b 2068 6173 6820 6368 or check hash ch\n+0002cfb0: 6563 6b73 756d 0a2a 2068 656c 703a 3a20 ecksum.* help:: \n+0002cfc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002cfd0: 2020 2020 2020 2053 686f 7720 6865 6c70 Show help\n+0002cfe0: 206d 6573 7361 6765 730a 2a20 6865 7864 messages.* hexd\n+0002cff0: 756d 703a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ump:: \n+0002d000: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5368 6f77 2072 Show r\n+0002d010: 6177 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 6f66 2061 aw contents of a\n+0002d020: 2066 696c 6520 6f72 206d 656d 6f72 790a file or memory.\n+0002d030: 2a20 696e 736d 6f64 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 * insmod:: \n+0002d040: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d050: 496e 7365 7274 2061 206d 6f64 756c 650a Insert a module.\n+0002d060: 2a20 6b65 7973 7461 7475 733a 3a20 2020 * keystatus:: \n+0002d070: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d080: 4368 6563 6b20 6b65 7920 6d6f 6469 6669 Check key modifi\n+0002d090: 6572 2073 7461 7475 730a 2a20 6c69 7374 er status.* list\n+0002d0a0: 5f65 6e76 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 _env:: \n+0002d0b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c69 7374 2076 List v\n+0002d0c0: 6172 6961 626c 6573 2069 6e20 656e 7669 ariables in envi\n+0002d0d0: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 6b0a 2a20 ronment block.* \n+0002d0e0: 6c69 7374 5f74 7275 7374 6564 3a3a 2020 list_trusted:: \n+0002d0f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c69 Li\n+0002d100: 7374 2074 7275 7374 6564 2070 7562 6c69 st trusted publi\n+0002d110: 6320 6b65 7973 0a2a 206c 6f61 645f 656e c keys.* load_en\n+0002d120: 763a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 v:: \n+0002d130: 2020 2020 2020 204c 6f61 6420 7661 7269 Load vari\n+0002d140: 6162 6c65 7320 6672 6f6d 2065 6e76 6972 ables from envir\n+0002d150: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 0a2a 206c onment block.* l\n+0002d160: 6f61 6466 6f6e 743a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 oadfont:: \n+0002d170: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c 6f61 Loa\n+0002d180: 6420 666f 6e74 2066 696c 6573 0a2a 206c d font files.* l\n+0002d190: 6f6f 7062 6163 6b3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 oopback:: \n+0002d1a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204d 616b Mak\n+0002d1b0: 6520 6120 6465 7669 6365 2066 726f 6d20 e a device from \n+0002d1c0: 6120 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2069 6d61 a filesystem ima\n+0002d1d0: 6765 0a2a 206c 733a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 ge.* ls:: \n+0002d1e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d1f0: 2020 204c 6973 7420 6465 7669 6365 7320 List devices \n+0002d200: 6f72 2066 696c 6573 0a2a 206c 7366 6f6e or files.* lsfon\n+0002d210: 7473 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ts:: \n+0002d220: 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c 6973 7420 6c6f List lo\n+0002d230: 6164 6564 2066 6f6e 7473 0a2a 206c 736d aded fonts.* lsm\n+0002d240: 6f64 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 od:: \n+0002d250: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 686f 7720 Show \n+0002d260: 6c6f 6164 6564 206d 6f64 756c 6573 0a2a loaded modules.*\n+0002d270: 206d 6435 7375 6d3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 md5sum:: \n+0002d280: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2043 C\n+0002d290: 6f6d 7075 7465 206f 7220 6368 6563 6b20 ompute or check \n+0002d2a0: 4d44 3520 6861 7368 0a2a 206d 6f64 756c MD5 hash.* modul\n+0002d2b0: 653a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e:: \n+0002d2c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c 6f61 6420 6d6f Load mo\n+0002d2d0: 6475 6c65 2066 6f72 206d 756c 7469 626f dule for multibo\n+0002d2e0: 6f74 206b 6572 6e65 6c0a 2a20 6d75 6c74 ot kernel.* mult\n+0002d2f0: 6962 6f6f 743a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 iboot:: \n+0002d300: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 206d Load m\n+0002d310: 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2063 6f6d 706c 6961 ultiboot complia\n+0002d320: 6e74 206b 6572 6e65 6c0a 2a20 6e61 7469 nt kernel.* nati\n+0002d330: 7665 6469 736b 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 vedisk:: \n+0002d340: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5377 6974 6368 Switch\n+0002d350: 2074 6f20 6e61 7469 7665 2064 6973 6b20 to native disk \n+0002d360: 6472 6976 6572 730a 2a20 6e6f 726d 616c drivers.* normal\n+0002d370: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n+0002d380: 2020 2020 2020 2020 456e 7465 7220 6e6f Enter no\n+0002d390: 726d 616c 206d 6f64 650a 2a20 6e6f 726d rmal mode.* norm\n+0002d3a0: 616c 5f65 7869 743a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 al_exit:: \n+0002d3b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4578 6974 2066 Exit f\n+0002d3c0: 726f 6d20 6e6f 726d 616c 206d 6f64 650a rom normal mode.\n+0002d3d0: 2a20 7061 7274 746f 6f6c 3a3a 2020 2020 * parttool:: \n+0002d3e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d3f0: 4d6f 6469 6679 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e Modify partition\n+0002d400: 2074 6162 6c65 2065 6e74 7269 6573 0a2a table entries.*\n+0002d410: 2070 6173 7377 6f72 643a 3a20 2020 2020 password:: \n+0002d420: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 S\n+0002d430: 6574 2061 2063 6c65 6172 2d74 6578 7420 et a clear-text \n+0002d440: 7061 7373 776f 7264 0a2a 2070 6173 7377 password.* passw\n+0002d450: 6f72 645f 7062 6b64 6632 3a3a 2020 2020 ord_pbkdf2:: \n+0002d460: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 6574 2061 2068 Set a h\n+0002d470: 6173 6865 6420 7061 7373 776f 7264 0a2a ashed password.*\n+0002d480: 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f 756e 743a 3a20 2020 plainmount:: \n+0002d490: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204f O\n+0002d4a0: 7065 6e20 6465 7669 6365 2065 6e63 7279 pen device encry\n+0002d4b0: 7074 6564 2069 6e20 706c 6169 6e20 6d6f pted in plain mo\n+0002d4c0: 6465 0a2a 2070 6c61 793a 3a20 2020 2020 de.* play:: \n+0002d4d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d4e0: 2020 2050 6c61 7920 6120 7475 6e65 0a2a Play a tune.*\n+0002d4f0: 2070 726f 6265 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 probe:: \n+0002d500: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2052 R\n+0002d510: 6574 7269 6576 6520 6465 7669 6365 2069 etrieve device i\n+0002d520: 6e66 6f0a 2a20 7264 6d73 723a 3a20 2020 nfo.* rdmsr:: \n+0002d530: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d540: 2020 2020 5265 6164 2076 616c 7565 7320 Read values \n+0002d550: 6672 6f6d 206d 6f64 656c 2d73 7065 6369 from model-speci\n+0002d560: 6669 6320 7265 6769 7374 6572 730a 2a20 fic registers.* \n+0002d570: 7265 6164 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 read:: \n+0002d580: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5265 Re\n+0002d590: 6164 2075 7365 7220 696e 7075 740a 2a20 ad user input.* \n+0002d5a0: 7265 626f 6f74 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 reboot:: \n+0002d5b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5265 Re\n+0002d5c0: 626f 6f74 2079 6f75 7220 636f 6d70 7574 boot your comput\n+0002d5d0: 6572 0a2a 2072 6567 6578 703a 3a20 2020 er.* regexp:: \n+0002d5e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d5f0: 2020 2054 6573 7420 6966 2072 6567 756c Test if regul\n+0002d600: 6172 2065 7870 7265 7373 696f 6e20 6d61 ar expression ma\n+0002d610: 7463 6865 7320 7374 7269 6e67 0a2a 2072 tches string.* r\n+0002d620: 6d6d 6f64 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 mmod:: \n+0002d630: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2052 656d Rem\n+0002d640: 6f76 6520 6120 6d6f 6475 6c65 0a2a 2073 ove a module.* s\n+0002d650: 6176 655f 656e 763a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 ave_env:: \n+0002d660: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 6176 Sav\n+0002d670: 6520 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 746f 2065 e variables to e\n+0002d680: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b nvironment block\n+0002d690: 0a2a 2073 6561 7263 683a 3a20 2020 2020 .* search:: \n+0002d6a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d6b0: 2053 6561 7263 6820 6465 7669 6365 7320 Search devices \n+0002d6c0: 6279 2066 696c 652c 206c 6162 656c 2c20 by file, label, \n+0002d6d0: 6f72 2055 5549 440a 2a20 7365 6e64 6b65 or UUID.* sendke\n+0002d6e0: 793a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 y:: \n+0002d6f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 456d 756c 6174 6520 Emulate \n+0002d700: 6b65 7973 7472 6f6b 6573 0a2a 2073 6574 keystrokes.* set\n+0002d710: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n+0002d720: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 6574 2061 Set a\n+0002d730: 6e20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 n environment va\n+0002d740: 7269 6162 6c65 0a2a 2073 6861 3173 756d riable.* sha1sum\n+0002d750: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n+0002d760: 2020 2020 2020 2043 6f6d 7075 7465 206f Compute o\n+0002d770: 7220 6368 6563 6b20 5348 4131 2068 6173 r check SHA1 has\n+0002d780: 680a 2a20 7368 6132 3536 7375 6d3a 3a20 h.* sha256sum:: \n+0002d790: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d7a0: 2020 436f 6d70 7574 6520 6f72 2063 6865 Compute or che\n+0002d7b0: 636b 2053 4841 3235 3620 6861 7368 0a2a ck SHA256 hash.*\n+0002d7c0: 2073 6861 3531 3273 756d 3a3a 2020 2020 sha512sum:: \n+0002d7d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2043 C\n+0002d7e0: 6f6d 7075 7465 206f 7220 6368 6563 6b20 ompute or check \n+0002d7f0: 5348 4135 3132 2068 6173 680a 2a20 736c SHA512 hash.* sl\n+0002d800: 6565 703a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 eep:: \n+0002d810: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5761 6974 Wait\n+0002d820: 2066 6f72 2061 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 for a specified\n+0002d830: 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2073 6563 6f6e number of secon\n+0002d840: 6473 0a2a 2073 6d62 696f 733a 3a20 2020 ds.* smbios:: \n+0002d850: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d860: 2020 2052 6574 7269 6576 6520 534d 4249 Retrieve SMBI\n+0002d870: 4f53 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 0a2a OS information.*\n+0002d880: 2073 6f75 7263 653a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 source:: \n+0002d890: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2052 R\n+0002d8a0: 6561 6420 6120 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 ead a configurat\n+0002d8b0: 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2069 6e20 7361 6d65 ion file in same\n+0002d8c0: 2063 6f6e 7465 7874 0a2a 2074 6573 743a context.* test:\n+0002d8d0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n+0002d8e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2043 6865 636b 2066 Check f\n+0002d8f0: 696c 6520 7479 7065 7320 616e 6420 636f ile types and co\n+0002d900: 6d70 6172 6520 7661 6c75 6573 0a2a 2074 mpare values.* t\n+0002d910: 7275 653a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 rue:: \n+0002d920: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2044 6f20 Do \n+0002d930: 6e6f 7468 696e 672c 2073 7563 6365 7373 nothing, success\n+0002d940: 6675 6c6c 790a 2a20 7472 7573 743a 3a20 fully.* trust:: \n+0002d950: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d960: 2020 2020 2020 4164 6420 7075 626c 6963 Add public\n+0002d970: 206b 6579 2074 6f20 6c69 7374 206f 6620 key to list of \n+0002d980: 7472 7573 7465 6420 6b65 7973 0a2a 2075 trusted keys.* u\n+0002d990: 6e73 6574 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 nset:: \n+0002d9a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2055 6e73 Uns\n+0002d9b0: 6574 2061 6e20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e et an environmen\n+0002d9c0: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 0a2a 2076 6572 t variable.* ver\n+0002d9d0: 6966 795f 6465 7461 6368 6564 3a3a 2020 ify_detached:: \n+0002d9e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2056 6572 6966 Verif\n+0002d9f0: 7920 6465 7461 6368 6564 2064 6967 6974 y detached digit\n+0002da00: 616c 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 0a2a 2076 al signature.* v\n+0002da10: 6964 656f 696e 666f 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 ideoinfo:: \n+0002da20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c 6973 Lis\n+0002da30: 7420 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 7669 6465 t available vide\n+0002da40: 6f20 6d6f 6465 730a 2a20 7772 6d73 723a o modes.* wrmsr:\n+0002da50: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n+0002da60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5772 6974 6520 7661 Write va\n+0002da70: 6c75 6573 2074 6f20 6d6f 6465 6c2d 7370 lues to model-sp\n+0002da80: 6563 6966 6963 2072 6567 6973 7465 7273 ecific registers\n+0002da90: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+0002daa0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5b2c 2020 nfo, Node: [, \n+0002dab0: 4e65 7874 3a20 6163 7069 2c20 2055 703a Next: acpi, Up:\n+0002dac0: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f Command-line co\n+0002dad0: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e31 205b mmands..17.4.1 [\n+0002dae0: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 .--------.. -- C\n+0002daf0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 5b20 6578 7072 6573 ommand: [ expres\n+0002db00: 7369 6f6e 205d 0a20 2020 2020 416c 6961 sion ]. Alia\n+0002db10: 7320 666f 7220 e280 9874 6573 7420 4558 s for ...test EX\n+0002db20: 5052 4553 5349 4f4e e280 9920 282a 6e6f PRESSION... (*no\n+0002db30: 7465 2074 6573 743a 3a29 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 te test::).....F\n+0002db40: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+0002db50: 204e 6f64 653a 2061 6370 692c 2020 4e65 Node: acpi, Ne\n+0002db60: 7874 3a20 6175 7468 656e 7469 6361 7465 xt: authenticate\n+0002db70: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 205b 2c20 2055 703a , Prev: [, Up:\n+0002db80: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f Command-line co\n+0002db90: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e32 2061 mmands..17.4.2 a\n+0002dba0: 6370 690a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a cpi.-----------.\n+0002dbb0: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6163 . -- Command: ac\n+0002dbc0: 7069 205b 2d31 7c2d 325d 205b 2d2d 6578 pi [-1|-2] [--ex\n+0002dbd0: 636c 7564 653d 7461 626c 6531 2c2e 2e2e clude=table1,...\n+0002dbe0: 7c2d 2d6c 6f61 642d 6f6e 6c79 3d74 6162 |--load-only=tab\n+0002dbf0: 6c65 312c 2e2e 2e5d 0a20 2020 2020 2020 le1,...]. \n+0002dc00: 2020 205b 2d2d 6f65 6d69 643d 6964 5d20 [--oemid=id] \n+0002dc10: 5b2d 2d6f 656d 7461 626c 653d 7461 626c [--oemtable=tabl\n+0002dc20: 655d 205b 2d2d 6f65 6d74 6162 6c65 7265 e] [--oemtablere\n+0002dc30: 763d 7265 765d 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 v=rev]. \n+0002dc40: 205b 2d2d 6f65 6d74 6162 6c65 6372 6561 [--oemtablecrea\n+0002dc50: 746f 723d 6372 6561 746f 725d 205b 2d2d tor=creator] [--\n+0002dc60: 6f65 6d74 6162 6c65 6372 6561 746f 7272 oemtablecreatorr\n+0002dc70: 6576 3d72 6576 5d0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ev=rev]. \n+0002dc80: 2020 5b2d 2d6e 6f2d 6562 6461 5d20 6669 [--no-ebda] fi\n+0002dc90: 6c65 6e61 6d65 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 lename .... \n+0002dca0: 4d6f 6465 726e 2042 494f 5320 7379 7374 Modern BIOS syst\n+0002dcb0: 656d 7320 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2069 6d70 ems normally imp\n+0002dcc0: 6c65 6d65 6e74 2074 6865 2041 6476 616e lement the Advan\n+0002dcd0: 6365 6420 436f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f ced Configuratio\n+0002dce0: 6e0a 2020 2020 2061 6e64 2050 6f77 6572 n. and Power\n+0002dcf0: 2049 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2028 4143 5049 Interface (ACPI\n+0002dd00: 292c 2061 6e64 2064 6566 696e 6520 7661 ), and define va\n+0002dd10: 7269 6f75 7320 7461 626c 6573 2074 6861 rious tables tha\n+0002dd20: 7420 6465 7363 7269 6265 0a20 2020 2020 t describe. \n+0002dd30: 7468 6520 696e 7465 7266 6163 6520 6265 the interface be\n+0002dd40: 7477 6565 6e20 616e 2041 4350 492d 636f tween an ACPI-co\n+0002dd50: 6d70 6c69 616e 7420 6f70 6572 6174 696e mpliant operatin\n+0002dd60: 6720 7379 7374 656d 2061 6e64 2074 6865 g system and the\n+0002dd70: 0a20 2020 2020 6669 726d 7761 7265 2e20 . firmware. \n+0002dd80: 2049 6e20 736f 6d65 2063 6173 6573 2c20 In some cases, \n+0002dd90: 7468 6520 7461 626c 6573 2070 726f 7669 the tables provi\n+0002dda0: 6465 6420 6279 2064 6566 6175 6c74 206f ded by default o\n+0002ddb0: 6e6c 7920 776f 726b 0a20 2020 2020 7765 nly work. we\n+0002ddc0: 6c6c 2077 6974 6820 6365 7274 6169 6e20 ll with certain \n+0002ddd0: 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d operating system\n+0002dde0: 732c 2061 6e64 2069 7420 6d61 7920 6265 s, and it may be\n+0002ddf0: 206e 6563 6573 7361 7279 2074 6f0a 2020 necessary to. \n+0002de00: 2020 2072 6570 6c61 6365 2073 6f6d 6520 replace some \n+0002de10: 6f66 2074 6865 6d2e 0a0a 2020 2020 204e of them... N\n+0002de20: 6f72 6d61 6c6c 792c 2074 6869 7320 636f ormally, this co\n+0002de30: 6d6d 616e 6420 7769 6c6c 2072 6570 6c61 mmand will repla\n+0002de40: 6365 2074 6865 2052 6f6f 7420 5379 7374 ce the Root Syst\n+0002de50: 656d 2044 6573 6372 6970 7469 6f6e 0a20 em Description. \n+0002de60: 2020 2020 506f 696e 7465 7220 2852 5344 Pointer (RSD\n+0002de70: 5029 2069 6e20 7468 6520 4578 7465 6e64 P) in the Extend\n+0002de80: 6564 2042 494f 5320 4461 7461 2041 7265 ed BIOS Data Are\n+0002de90: 6120 746f 2070 6f69 6e74 2074 6f20 7468 a to point to th\n+0002dea0: 6520 6e65 770a 2020 2020 2074 6162 6c65 e new. table\n+0002deb0: 732e 2020 4966 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2d2d s. If the ...--\n+0002dec0: 6e6f 2d65 6264 61e2 8099 206f 7074 696f no-ebda... optio\n+0002ded0: 6e20 6973 2075 7365 642c 2074 6865 206e n is used, the n\n+0002dee0: 6577 2074 6162 6c65 7320 7769 6c6c 2062 ew tables will b\n+0002def0: 650a 2020 2020 206b 6e6f 776e 206f 6e6c e. known onl\n+0002df00: 7920 746f 2047 5255 422c 2062 7574 206d y to GRUB, but m\n+0002df10: 6179 2062 6520 7573 6564 2062 7920 4752 ay be used by GR\n+0002df20: 5542 2773 2045 4649 2065 6d75 6c61 7469 UB's EFI emulati\n+0002df30: 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4e6f 7465 3a20 on... Note: \n+0002df40: 5468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 206e The command is n\n+0002df50: 6f74 2061 6c6c 6f77 6564 2077 6865 6e20 ot allowed when \n+0002df60: 6c6f 636b 646f 776e 2069 7320 656e 666f lockdown is enfo\n+0002df70: 7263 6564 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 rced (*note. \n+0002df80: 204c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e3a 3a29 2e20 204f Lockdown::). O\n+0002df90: 7468 6572 7769 7365 2061 6e20 6174 7461 therwise an atta\n+0002dfa0: 636b 6572 2063 616e 2069 6e73 7472 7563 cker can instruc\n+0002dfb0: 7420 7468 6520 4752 5542 2074 6f20 6c6f t the GRUB to lo\n+0002dfc0: 6164 0a20 2020 2020 616e 2053 5344 5420 ad. an SSDT \n+0002dfd0: 7461 626c 6520 746f 206f 7665 7277 7269 table to overwri\n+0002dfe0: 7465 2074 6865 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6c6f te the kernel lo\n+0002dff0: 636b 646f 776e 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 ckdown configura\n+0002e000: 7469 6f6e 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 6c61 tion and. la\n+0002e010: 7465 7220 6c6f 6164 2061 6e64 2065 7865 ter load and exe\n+0002e020: 6375 7465 2075 6e73 6967 6e65 6420 636f cute unsigned co\n+0002e030: 6465 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 de.....File: gru\n+0002e040: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2061 b.info, Node: a\n+0002e050: 7574 6865 6e74 6963 6174 652c 2020 4e65 uthenticate, Ne\n+0002e060: 7874 3a20 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 5f63 xt: background_c\n+0002e070: 6f6c 6f72 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2061 6370 olor, Prev: acp\n+0002e080: 692c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d i, Up: Command-\n+0002e090: 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 line commands..1\n+0002e0a0: 372e 342e 3320 6175 7468 656e 7469 6361 7.4.3 authentica\n+0002e0b0: 7465 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d te.-------------\n+0002e0c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n+0002e0d0: 616e 643a 2061 7574 6865 6e74 6963 6174 and: authenticat\n+0002e0e0: 6520 5b75 7365 726c 6973 745d 0a20 2020 e [userlist]. \n+0002e0f0: 2020 4368 6563 6b20 7768 6574 6865 7220 Check whether \n+0002e100: 7573 6572 2069 7320 696e 2055 5345 524c user is in USERL\n+0002e110: 4953 5420 6f72 206c 6973 7465 6420 696e IST or listed in\n+0002e120: 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 206f 660a 2020 the value of. \n+0002e130: 2020 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 e280 9873 variable ...s\n+0002e140: 7570 6572 7573 6572 73e2 8099 2e20 2053 uperusers.... S\n+0002e150: 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 2073 7570 6572 7573 ee *note superus\n+0002e160: 6572 733a 3a20 666f 7220 7661 6c69 6420 ers:: for valid \n+0002e170: 7573 6572 206c 6973 740a 2020 2020 2066 user list. f\n+0002e180: 6f72 6d61 742e 2020 4966 20e2 8098 7375 ormat. If ...su\n+0002e190: 7065 7275 7365 7273 e280 9920 6973 2065 perusers... is e\n+0002e1a0: 6d70 7479 2c20 7468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 mpty, this comma\n+0002e1b0: 6e64 2072 6574 7572 6e73 2074 7275 652e nd returns true.\n+0002e1c0: 0a20 2020 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 5365 6375 . *Note Secu\n+0002e1d0: 7269 7479 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a rity::.....File:\n+0002e1e0: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+0002e1f0: 653a 2062 6163 6b67 726f 756e 645f 636f e: background_co\n+0002e200: 6c6f 722c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6261 636b lor, Next: back\n+0002e210: 6772 6f75 6e64 5f69 6d61 6765 2c20 2050 ground_image, P\n+0002e220: 7265 763a 2061 7574 6865 6e74 6963 6174 rev: authenticat\n+0002e230: 652c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d e, Up: Command-\n+0002e240: 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 line commands..1\n+0002e250: 372e 342e 3420 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 7.4.4 background\n+0002e260: 5f63 6f6c 6f72 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d _color.---------\n+0002e270: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n+0002e280: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2062 6163 -- Command: bac\n+0002e290: 6b67 726f 756e 645f 636f 6c6f 7220 636f kground_color co\n+0002e2a0: 6c6f 720a 2020 2020 2053 6574 2062 6163 lor. Set bac\n+0002e2b0: 6b67 726f 756e 6420 636f 6c6f 7220 666f kground color fo\n+0002e2c0: 7220 6163 7469 7665 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 r active termina\n+0002e2d0: 6c2e 2020 466f 7220 7661 6c69 6420 636f l. For valid co\n+0002e2e0: 6c6f 720a 2020 2020 2073 7065 6369 6669 lor. specifi\n+0002e2f0: 6361 7469 6f6e 7320 7365 6520 2a6e 6f74 cations see *not\n+0002e300: 6520 436f 6c6f 7273 3a20 5468 656d 6520 e Colors: Theme \n+0002e310: 6669 6c65 2066 6f72 6d61 742e 2020 4261 file format. Ba\n+0002e320: 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 636f ckground. co\n+0002e330: 6c6f 7220 6361 6e20 6265 2063 6861 6e67 lor can be chang\n+0002e340: 6564 206f 6e6c 7920 7768 656e 2075 7369 ed only when usi\n+0002e350: 6e67 20e2 8098 6766 7874 6572 6de2 8099 ng ...gfxterm...\n+0002e360: 2066 6f72 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 6f75 for terminal ou\n+0002e370: 7470 7574 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 tput... This\n+0002e380: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2073 6574 7320 636f command sets co\n+0002e390: 6c6f 7220 6f66 2065 6d70 7479 2061 7265 lor of empty are\n+0002e3a0: 6173 2077 6974 686f 7574 2074 6578 742e as without text.\n+0002e3b0: 2020 5465 7874 0a20 2020 2020 6261 636b Text. back\n+0002e3c0: 6772 6f75 6e64 2063 6f6c 6f72 2069 7320 ground color is \n+0002e3d0: 636f 6e74 726f 6c6c 6564 2062 7920 656e controlled by en\n+0002e3e0: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 vironment variab\n+0002e3f0: 6c65 730a 2020 2020 2043 4f4c 4f52 5f4e les. COLOR_N\n+0002e400: 4f52 4d41 4c2c 2043 4f4c 4f52 5f48 4947 ORMAL, COLOR_HIG\n+0002e410: 484c 4947 4854 2c20 4d45 4e55 5f43 4f4c HLIGHT, MENU_COL\n+0002e420: 4f52 5f4e 4f52 4d41 4c2c 0a20 2020 2020 OR_NORMAL,. \n+0002e430: 4d45 4e55 5f43 4f4c 4f52 5f48 4947 484c MENU_COLOR_HIGHL\n+0002e440: 4947 4854 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 2053 7065 IGHT. *Note Spe\n+0002e450: 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 cial environment\n+0002e460: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f variables::....\n+0002e470: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+0002e480: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2062 6163 6b67 726f , Node: backgro\n+0002e490: 756e 645f 696d 6167 652c 2020 4e65 7874 und_image, Next\n+0002e4a0: 3a20 6261 6472 616d 2c20 2050 7265 763a : badram, Prev:\n+0002e4b0: 2062 6163 6b67 726f 756e 645f 636f 6c6f background_colo\n+0002e4c0: 722c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d r, Up: Command-\n+0002e4d0: 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 line commands..1\n+0002e4e0: 372e 342e 3520 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 7.4.5 background\n+0002e4f0: 5f69 6d61 6765 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d _image.---------\n+0002e500: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n+0002e510: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2062 6163 -- Command: bac\n+0002e520: 6b67 726f 756e 645f 696d 6167 6520 5b5b kground_image [[\n+0002e530: 2d2d 6d6f 6465 2073 7472 6574 6368 7c6e --mode stretch|n\n+0002e540: 6f72 6d61 6c5d 2066 696c 655d 0a20 2020 ormal] file]. \n+0002e550: 2020 4c6f 6164 2062 6163 6b67 726f 756e Load backgroun\n+0002e560: 6420 696d 6167 6520 666f 7220 6163 7469 d image for acti\n+0002e570: 7665 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 6672 6f6d ve terminal from\n+0002e580: 2046 494c 452e 2020 496d 6167 6520 6973 FILE. Image is\n+0002e590: 0a20 2020 2020 7374 7265 7463 6865 6420 . stretched \n+0002e5a0: 746f 2066 696c 6c20 7570 2065 6e74 6972 to fill up entir\n+0002e5b0: 6520 7363 7265 656e 2075 6e6c 6573 7320 e screen unless \n+0002e5c0: 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d2d 6d6f 6465 option ...--mode\n+0002e5d0: e280 9920 e280 986e 6f72 6d61 6ce2 8099 ... ...normal...\n+0002e5e0: 0a20 2020 2020 6973 2067 6976 656e 2e20 . is given. \n+0002e5f0: 2057 6974 686f 7574 2061 7267 756d 656e Without argumen\n+0002e600: 7473 2072 656d 6f76 6520 6375 7272 656e ts remove curren\n+0002e610: 746c 7920 6c6f 6164 6564 2062 6163 6b67 tly loaded backg\n+0002e620: 726f 756e 640a 2020 2020 2069 6d61 6765 round. image\n+0002e630: 2e20 2042 6163 6b67 726f 756e 6420 696d . Background im\n+0002e640: 6167 6520 6361 6e20 6265 2063 6861 6e67 age can be chang\n+0002e650: 6564 206f 6e6c 7920 7768 656e 2075 7369 ed only when usi\n+0002e660: 6e67 20e2 8098 6766 7874 6572 6de2 8099 ng ...gfxterm...\n+0002e670: 0a20 2020 2020 666f 7220 7465 726d 696e . for termin\n+0002e680: 616c 206f 7574 7075 742e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 al output.....Fi\n+0002e690: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n+0002e6a0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6261 6472 616d 2c20 204e Node: badram, N\n+0002e6b0: 6578 743a 2062 6c6f 636b 6c69 7374 2c20 ext: blocklist, \n+0002e6c0: 2050 7265 763a 2062 6163 6b67 726f 756e Prev: backgroun\n+0002e6d0: 645f 696d 6167 652c 2020 5570 3a20 436f d_image, Up: Co\n+0002e6e0: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 mmand-line comma\n+0002e6f0: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3620 6261 6472 nds..17.4.6 badr\n+0002e700: 616d 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d am.-------------\n+0002e710: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2062 .. -- Command: b\n+0002e720: 6164 7261 6d20 6164 6472 2c6d 6173 6b5b adram addr,mask[\n+0002e730: 2c61 6464 722c 6d61 736b 2e2e 2e5d 0a20 ,addr,mask...]. \n+0002e740: 2020 2020 4669 6c74 6572 206f 7574 2062 Filter out b\n+0002e750: 6164 2052 414d 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 ad RAM... Th\n+0002e760: 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 206e 6f74 6966 is command notif\n+0002e770: 6965 7320 7468 6520 6d65 6d6f 7279 206d ies the memory m\n+0002e780: 616e 6167 6572 2074 6861 7420 7370 6563 anager that spec\n+0002e790: 6966 6965 6420 7265 6769 6f6e 7320 6f66 ified regions of\n+0002e7a0: 0a20 2020 2020 5241 4d20 6f75 6768 7420 . RAM ought \n+0002e7b0: 746f 2062 6520 6669 6c74 6572 6564 206f to be filtered o\n+0002e7c0: 7574 2028 7573 7561 6c6c 792c 2062 6563 ut (usually, bec\n+0002e7d0: 6175 7365 2074 6865 7927 7265 2064 616d ause they're dam\n+0002e7e0: 6167 6564 292e 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 aged).. This\n+0002e7f0: 2072 656d 6169 6e73 2069 6e20 6566 6665 remains in effe\n+0002e800: 6374 2061 6674 6572 2061 2070 6179 6c6f ct after a paylo\n+0002e810: 6164 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6861 7320 6265 ad kernel has be\n+0002e820: 656e 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6279 0a20 2020 en loaded by. \n+0002e830: 2020 4752 5542 2c20 6173 206c 6f6e 6720 GRUB, as long \n+0002e840: 6173 2074 6865 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6b65 as the loaded ke\n+0002e850: 726e 656c 206f 6274 6169 6e73 2069 7473 rnel obtains its\n+0002e860: 206d 656d 6f72 7920 6d61 7020 6672 6f6d memory map from\n+0002e870: 0a20 2020 2020 4752 5542 2e20 204b 6572 . GRUB. Ker\n+0002e880: 6e65 6c73 2074 6861 7420 7375 7070 6f72 nels that suppor\n+0002e890: 7420 7468 6973 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 204c t this include L\n+0002e8a0: 696e 7578 2c20 474e 5520 4d61 6368 2c20 inux, GNU Mach, \n+0002e8b0: 7468 650a 2020 2020 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 the. kernel \n+0002e8c0: 6f66 2046 7265 6542 5344 2061 6e64 204d of FreeBSD and M\n+0002e8d0: 756c 7469 626f 6f74 206b 6572 6e65 6c73 ultiboot kernels\n+0002e8e0: 2069 6e20 6765 6e65 7261 6c2e 0a0a 2020 in general... \n+0002e8f0: 2020 2053 796e 7461 7820 6973 2074 6865 Syntax is the\n+0002e900: 2073 616d 6520 6173 2070 726f 7669 6465 same as provide\n+0002e910: 6420 6279 2074 6865 204d 656d 7465 7374 d by the Memtest\n+0002e920: 3836 2b20 7574 696c 6974 790a 2020 2020 86+ utility. \n+0002e930: 2028 6874 7470 3a2f 2f77 7777 2e6d 656d (http://www.mem\n+0002e940: 7465 7374 2e6f 7267 2f29 3a20 6120 6c69 test.org/): a li\n+0002e950: 7374 206f 6620 6164 6472 6573 732f 6d61 st of address/ma\n+0002e960: 736b 2070 6169 7273 2e20 2047 6976 656e sk pairs. Given\n+0002e970: 2061 0a20 2020 2020 7061 6765 2d61 6c69 a. page-ali\n+0002e980: 676e 6564 2061 6464 7265 7373 2061 6e64 gned address and\n+0002e990: 2061 2062 6173 6520 6164 6472 6573 7320 a base address \n+0002e9a0: 2f20 6d61 736b 2070 6169 722c 2069 6620 / mask pair, if \n+0002e9b0: 616c 6c20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2062 6974 all the. bit\n+0002e9c0: 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2070 6167 652d 616c s of the page-al\n+0002e9d0: 6967 6e65 6420 6164 6472 6573 7320 7468 igned address th\n+0002e9e0: 6174 2061 7265 2065 6e61 626c 6564 2062 at are enabled b\n+0002e9f0: 7920 7468 6520 6d61 736b 206d 6174 6368 y the mask match\n+0002ea00: 0a20 2020 2020 7769 7468 2074 6865 2062 . with the b\n+0002ea10: 6173 6520 6164 6472 6573 732c 2069 7420 ase address, it \n+0002ea20: 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6973 2070 6167 6520 means this page \n+0002ea30: 6973 2074 6f20 6265 2066 696c 7465 7265 is to be filtere\n+0002ea40: 642e 2020 5468 6973 0a20 2020 2020 7379 d. This. sy\n+0002ea50: 6e74 6178 206d 616b 6573 2069 7420 6561 ntax makes it ea\n+0002ea60: 7379 2074 6f20 7265 7072 6573 656e 7420 sy to represent \n+0002ea70: 7061 7474 6572 6e73 2074 6861 7420 6172 patterns that ar\n+0002ea80: 6520 6f66 7465 6e20 7265 7375 6c74 206f e often result o\n+0002ea90: 660a 2020 2020 206d 656d 6f72 7920 6461 f. memory da\n+0002eaa0: 6d61 6765 2c20 6475 6520 746f 2070 6879 mage, due to phy\n+0002eab0: 7369 6361 6c20 6469 7374 7269 6275 7469 sical distributi\n+0002eac0: 6f6e 206f 6620 6d65 6d6f 7279 2063 656c on of memory cel\n+0002ead0: 6c73 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 636f ls... The co\n+0002eae0: 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 2073 696d 696c 6172 mmand is similar\n+0002eaf0: 2074 6f20 e280 9863 7574 6d65 6de2 8099 to ...cutmem...\n+0002eb00: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 command... \n+0002eb10: 4e6f 7465 3a20 5468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e Note: The comman\n+0002eb20: 6420 6973 206e 6f74 2061 6c6c 6f77 6564 d is not allowed\n+0002eb30: 2077 6865 6e20 6c6f 636b 646f 776e 2069 when lockdown i\n+0002eb40: 7320 656e 666f 7263 6564 2028 2a6e 6f74 s enforced (*not\n+0002eb50: 650a 2020 2020 204c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e3a e. Lockdown:\n+0002eb60: 3a29 2e20 2054 6869 7320 7072 6576 656e :). This preven\n+0002eb70: 7473 2072 656d 6f76 696e 6720 4546 4920 ts removing EFI \n+0002eb80: 6d65 6d6f 7279 2072 6567 696f 6e73 2074 memory regions t\n+0002eb90: 6f0a 2020 2020 2070 6f74 656e 7469 616c o. potential\n+0002eba0: 6c79 2073 7562 7665 7274 2074 6865 2073 ly subvert the s\n+0002ebb0: 6563 7572 6974 7920 6d65 6368 616e 6973 ecurity mechanis\n+0002ebc0: 6d73 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 6279 2074 ms provided by t\n+0002ebd0: 6865 2055 4546 490a 2020 2020 2073 6563 he UEFI. sec\n+0002ebe0: 7572 6520 626f 6f74 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c ure boot.....Fil\n+0002ebf0: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+0002ec00: 6f64 653a 2062 6c6f 636b 6c69 7374 2c20 ode: blocklist, \n+0002ec10: 204e 6578 743a 2062 6f6f 742c 2020 5072 Next: boot, Pr\n+0002ec20: 6576 3a20 6261 6472 616d 2c20 2055 703a ev: badram, Up:\n+0002ec30: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f Command-line co\n+0002ec40: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e37 2062 mmands..17.4.7 b\n+0002ec50: 6c6f 636b 6c69 7374 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d locklist.-------\n+0002ec60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n+0002ec70: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 626c 6f63 6b6c 6973 ommand: blocklis\n+0002ec80: 7420 6669 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 5072 696e t file. Prin\n+0002ec90: 7420 6120 626c 6f63 6b20 6c69 7374 2028 t a block list (\n+0002eca0: 2a6e 6f74 6520 426c 6f63 6b20 6c69 7374 *note Block list\n+0002ecb0: 2073 796e 7461 783a 3a29 2066 6f72 2046 syntax::) for F\n+0002ecc0: 494c 452e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ILE.....File: gr\n+0002ecd0: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+0002ece0: 626f 6f74 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2063 6174 boot, Next: cat\n+0002ecf0: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2062 6c6f 636b 6c69 , Prev: blockli\n+0002ed00: 7374 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 st, Up: Command\n+0002ed10: 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a -line commands..\n+0002ed20: 3137 2e34 2e38 2062 6f6f 740a 2d2d 2d2d 17.4.8 boot.----\n+0002ed30: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n+0002ed40: 6d61 6e64 3a20 626f 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 mand: boot. \n+0002ed50: 426f 6f74 2074 6865 204f 5320 6f72 2063 Boot the OS or c\n+0002ed60: 6861 696e 2d6c 6f61 6465 7220 7768 6963 hain-loader whic\n+0002ed70: 6820 6861 7320 6265 656e 206c 6f61 6465 h has been loade\n+0002ed80: 642e 2020 4f6e 6c79 206e 6563 6573 7361 d. Only necessa\n+0002ed90: 7279 0a20 2020 2020 6966 2072 756e 6e69 ry. if runni\n+0002eda0: 6e67 2074 6865 2066 756c 6c79 2069 6e74 ng the fully int\n+0002edb0: 6572 6163 7469 7665 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 eractive command\n+0002edc0: 2d6c 696e 6520 2869 7420 6973 2069 6d70 -line (it is imp\n+0002edd0: 6c69 6369 7420 6174 0a20 2020 2020 7468 licit at. th\n+0002ede0: 6520 656e 6420 6f66 2061 206d 656e 7520 e end of a menu \n+0002edf0: 656e 7472 7929 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a entry).....File:\n+0002ee00: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+0002ee10: 653a 2063 6174 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2063 e: cat, Next: c\n+0002ee20: 6c65 6172 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2062 6f6f lear, Prev: boo\n+0002ee30: 742c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d t, Up: Command-\n+0002ee40: 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 line commands..1\n+0002ee50: 372e 342e 3920 6361 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 7.4.9 cat.------\n+0002ee60: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n+0002ee70: 643a 2063 6174 205b 2d2d 646f 735d 2066 d: cat [--dos] f\n+0002ee80: 696c 650a 2020 2020 2044 6973 706c 6179 ile. Display\n+0002ee90: 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 6f66 the contents of\n+0002eea0: 2074 6865 2066 696c 6520 4649 4c45 2e20 the file FILE. \n+0002eeb0: 2054 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6d61 This command ma\n+0002eec0: 7920 6265 2075 7365 6675 6c0a 2020 2020 y be useful. \n+0002eed0: 2074 6f20 7265 6d69 6e64 2079 6f75 206f to remind you o\n+0002eee0: 6620 796f 7572 204f 5327 7320 726f 6f74 f your OS's root\n+0002eef0: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 3a0a 0a20 2020 partition:.. \n+0002ef00: 2020 2020 2020 2067 7275 623e 2063 6174 grub> cat\n+0002ef10: 202f 6574 632f 6673 7461 620a 0a20 2020 /etc/fstab.. \n+0002ef20: 2020 4966 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2d2d 646f If the ...--do\n+0002ef30: 73e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6973 2075 s... option is u\n+0002ef40: 7365 642c 2074 6865 6e20 6361 7272 6961 sed, then carria\n+0002ef50: 6765 2072 6574 7572 6e20 2f20 6e65 7720 ge return / new \n+0002ef60: 6c69 6e65 0a20 2020 2020 7061 6972 7320 line. pairs \n+0002ef70: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6469 7370 6c61 7965 will be displaye\n+0002ef80: 6420 6173 2061 2073 696d 706c 6520 6e65 d as a simple ne\n+0002ef90: 7720 6c69 6e65 2e20 204f 7468 6572 7769 w line. Otherwi\n+0002efa0: 7365 2c20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2063 6172 se, the. car\n+0002efb0: 7269 6167 6520 7265 7475 726e 2077 696c riage return wil\n+0002efc0: 6c20 6265 2064 6973 706c 6179 6564 2061 l be displayed a\n+0002efd0: 7320 6120 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6368 6172 s a control char\n+0002efe0: 6163 7465 7220 28e2 8098 3c64 3ee2 8099 acter (......\n+0002eff0: 2920 746f 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 6b65 2069 ) to. make i\n+0002f000: 7420 6561 7369 6572 2074 6f20 7365 6520 t easier to see \n+0002f010: 7768 656e 2062 6f6f 7420 7072 6f62 6c65 when boot proble\n+0002f020: 6d73 2061 7265 2063 6175 7365 6420 6279 ms are caused by\n+0002f030: 2061 2066 696c 650a 2020 2020 2066 6f72 a file. for\n+0002f040: 6d61 7474 6564 2075 7369 6e67 2044 4f53 matted using DOS\n+0002f050: 2d73 7479 6c65 206c 696e 6520 656e 6469 -style line endi\n+0002f060: 6e67 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 204e 6f74 653a ngs... Note:\n+0002f070: 20e2 8098 6361 74e2 8099 2063 616e 2062 ...cat... can b\n+0002f080: 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f20 7669 6577 2074 e used to view t\n+0002f090: 6865 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 6f66 2064 he contents of d\n+0002f0a0: 6576 6963 6573 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 evices using the\n+0002f0b0: 0a20 2020 2020 626c 6f63 6b20 6c69 7374 . block list\n+0002f0c0: 2073 796e 7461 7820 282a 6e6f 7465 2042 syntax (*note B\n+0002f0d0: 6c6f 636b 206c 6973 7420 7379 6e74 6178 lock list syntax\n+0002f0e0: 3a3a 292e 2020 486f 7765 7665 722c 2069 ::). However, i\n+0002f0f0: 7420 6973 206e 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 6164 t is not. ad\n+0002f100: 7669 7365 6420 746f 2076 6965 7720 6269 vised to view bi\n+0002f110: 6e61 7279 2064 6174 6120 6265 6361 7573 nary data becaus\n+0002f120: 6520 6974 2077 696c 6c20 7472 7920 746f e it will try to\n+0002f130: 2064 6563 6f64 6520 5554 462d 380a 2020 decode UTF-8. \n+0002f140: 2020 2073 7472 696e 6773 2c20 7768 6963 strings, whic\n+0002f150: 6820 6361 6e20 6c65 6164 2074 6f20 736f h can lead to so\n+0002f160: 6d65 2062 7974 6573 206d 6973 7369 6e67 me bytes missing\n+0002f170: 206f 7220 6164 6465 6420 696e 2074 6865 or added in the\n+0002f180: 0a20 2020 2020 6f75 7470 7574 2e20 2049 . output. I\n+0002f190: 6e73 7465 6164 2c20 7573 6520 7468 6520 nstead, use the \n+0002f1a0: e280 9868 6578 6475 6d70 e280 9920 636f ...hexdump... co\n+0002f1b0: 6d6d 616e 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 2068 6578 mmand (*note hex\n+0002f1c0: 6475 6d70 3a3a 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 dump::).....File\n+0002f1d0: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+0002f1e0: 6465 3a20 636c 6561 722c 2020 4e65 7874 de: clear, Next\n+0002f1f0: 3a20 636d 6f73 636c 6561 6e2c 2020 5072 : cmosclean, Pr\n+0002f200: 6576 3a20 6361 742c 2020 5570 3a20 436f ev: cat, Up: Co\n+0002f210: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 mmand-line comma\n+0002f220: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3130 2063 6c65 nds..17.4.10 cle\n+0002f230: 6172 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ar.-------------\n+0002f240: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2063 .. -- Command: c\n+0002f250: 6c65 6172 0a20 2020 2020 436c 6561 7220 lear. Clear \n+0002f260: 7468 6520 7363 7265 656e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 the screen.....F\n+0002f270: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+0002f280: 204e 6f64 653a 2063 6d6f 7363 6c65 616e Node: cmosclean\n+0002f290: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2063 6d6f 7364 756d , Next: cmosdum\n+0002f2a0: 702c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 636c 6561 722c p, Prev: clear,\n+0002f2b0: 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 Up: Command-li\n+0002f2c0: 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ne commands..17.\n+0002f2d0: 342e 3131 2063 6d6f 7363 6c65 616e 0a2d 4.11 cmosclean.-\n+0002f2e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0002f2f0: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2063 .. -- Command: c\n+0002f300: 6d6f 7363 6c65 616e 2062 7974 653a 6269 mosclean byte:bi\n+0002f310: 740a 2020 2020 2043 6c65 6172 2076 616c t. Clear val\n+0002f320: 7565 206f 6620 6269 7420 696e 2043 4d4f ue of bit in CMO\n+0002f330: 5320 6174 206c 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 4259 S at location BY\n+0002f340: 5445 3a42 4954 2e20 2054 6869 7320 636f TE:BIT. This co\n+0002f350: 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6176 mmand is. av\n+0002f360: 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6f6e 6c79 206f 6e20 ailable only on \n+0002f370: 706c 6174 666f 726d 7320 7468 6174 2073 platforms that s\n+0002f380: 7570 706f 7274 2043 4d4f 532e 0a0a 1f0a upport CMOS.....\n+0002f390: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+0002f3a0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 636d 6f73 6475 6d70 Node: cmosdump\n+0002f3b0: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2063 6d6f 7374 6573 , Next: cmostes\n+0002f3c0: 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 636d 6f73 636c t, Prev: cmoscl\n+0002f3d0: 6561 6e2c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e ean, Up: Comman\n+0002f3e0: 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a d-line commands.\n+0002f3f0: 0a31 372e 342e 3132 2063 6d6f 7364 756d .17.4.12 cmosdum\n+0002f400: 700a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d p.--------------\n+0002f410: 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 4475 6d70 3a20 434d --.. -- Dump: CM\n+0002f420: 4f53 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 730a 2020 2020 OS contents. \n+0002f430: 2044 756d 7020 6675 6c6c 2043 4d4f 5320 Dump full CMOS \n+0002f440: 636f 6e74 656e 7473 2061 7320 6865 7861 contents as hexa\n+0002f450: 6465 6369 6d61 6c20 7661 6c75 6573 2e20 decimal values. \n+0002f460: 2054 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 This command is\n+0002f470: 0a20 2020 2020 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 . available \n+0002f480: 6f6e 6c79 206f 6e20 706c 6174 666f 726d only on platform\n+0002f490: 7320 7468 6174 2073 7570 706f 7274 2043 s that support C\n+0002f4a0: 4d4f 532e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 MOS.....File: gr\n+0002f4b0: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+0002f4c0: 636d 6f73 7465 7374 2c20 204e 6578 743a cmostest, Next:\n+0002f4d0: 2063 6d70 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2063 6d6f cmp, Prev: cmo\n+0002f4e0: 7364 756d 702c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d sdump, Up: Comm\n+0002f4f0: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 and-line command\n+0002f500: 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3133 2063 6d6f 7374 s..17.4.13 cmost\n+0002f510: 6573 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d est.------------\n+0002f520: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n+0002f530: 643a 2063 6d6f 7374 6573 7420 6279 7465 d: cmostest byte\n+0002f540: 3a62 6974 0a20 2020 2020 5465 7374 2076 :bit. Test v\n+0002f550: 616c 7565 206f 6620 6269 7420 696e 2043 alue of bit in C\n+0002f560: 4d4f 5320 6174 206c 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 MOS at location \n+0002f570: 4259 5445 3a42 4954 2e20 2045 7869 7420 BYTE:BIT. Exit \n+0002f580: 7374 6174 7573 2069 730a 2020 2020 207a status is. z\n+0002f590: 6572 6f20 6966 2062 6974 2069 7320 7365 ero if bit is se\n+0002f5a0: 742c 206e 6f6e 207a 6572 6f20 6f74 6865 t, non zero othe\n+0002f5b0: 7277 6973 652e 2020 5468 6973 2063 6f6d rwise. This com\n+0002f5c0: 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 6176 6169 6c61 626c mand is availabl\n+0002f5d0: 650a 2020 2020 206f 6e6c 7920 6f6e 2070 e. only on p\n+0002f5e0: 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2074 6861 7420 7375 latforms that su\n+0002f5f0: 7070 6f72 7420 434d 4f53 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 pport CMOS.....F\n+0002f600: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+0002f610: 204e 6f64 653a 2063 6d70 2c20 204e 6578 Node: cmp, Nex\n+0002f620: 743a 2063 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 652c 2020 t: configfile, \n+0002f630: 5072 6576 3a20 636d 6f73 7465 7374 2c20 Prev: cmostest, \n+0002f640: 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e Up: Command-lin\n+0002f650: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 e commands..17.4\n+0002f660: 2e31 3420 636d 700a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .14 cmp.--------\n+0002f670: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n+0002f680: 3a20 636d 7020 5b2d 765d 2066 696c 6531 : cmp [-v] file1\n+0002f690: 2066 696c 6532 0a20 2020 2020 436f 6d70 file2. Comp\n+0002f6a0: 6172 6520 7468 6520 6669 6c65 2046 494c are the file FIL\n+0002f6b0: 4531 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 6669 6c65 E1 with the file\n+0002f6c0: 2046 494c 4532 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6579 FILE2. If they\n+0002f6d0: 2061 7265 2063 6f6d 706c 6574 656c 790a are completely.\n+0002f6e0: 2020 2020 2069 6465 6e74 6963 616c 2c20 identical, \n+0002f6f0: e280 9824 3fe2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 6265 ...$?... will be\n+0002f700: 2073 6574 2074 6f20 302e 2020 4f74 6865 set to 0. Othe\n+0002f710: 7277 6973 652c 2069 6620 7468 6520 6669 rwise, if the fi\n+0002f720: 6c65 7320 6172 6520 6e6f 740a 2020 2020 les are not. \n+0002f730: 2069 6465 6e74 6963 616c 2c20 e280 9824 identical, ...$\n+0002f740: 3fe2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2073 6574 ?... will be set\n+0002f750: 2074 6f20 6120 6e6f 6e7a 6572 6f20 7661 to a nonzero va\n+0002f760: 6c75 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2042 7920 6465 lue... By de\n+0002f770: 6661 756c 7420 6e6f 7468 696e 6720 7769 fault nothing wi\n+0002f780: 6c6c 2062 6520 6f75 7470 7574 2e20 2049 ll be output. I\n+0002f790: 6620 7468 6520 e280 982d 76e2 8099 2069 f the ...-v... i\n+0002f7a0: 7320 7573 6564 2c20 7665 7262 6f73 650a s used, verbose.\n+0002f7b0: 2020 2020 206d 6f64 6520 6973 2065 6e61 mode is ena\n+0002f7c0: 626c 6564 2e20 2049 6e20 7468 6973 206d bled. In this m\n+0002f7d0: 6f64 6520 7768 656e 2077 6865 6e20 7468 ode when when th\n+0002f7e0: 6520 6669 6c65 7320 6469 6666 6572 2069 e files differ i\n+0002f7f0: 6e20 7369 7a65 2c0a 2020 2020 2070 7269 n size,. pri\n+0002f800: 6e74 2074 6865 2073 697a 6573 206c 696b nt the sizes lik\n+0002f810: 6520 7468 6973 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 e this:.. \n+0002f820: 2020 2044 6966 6665 7220 696e 2073 697a Differ in siz\n+0002f830: 653a 2030 7831 3233 3420 5b66 6f6f 5d2c e: 0x1234 [foo],\n+0002f840: 2030 7834 3332 3120 5b62 6172 5d0a 0a20 0x4321 [bar].. \n+0002f850: 2020 2020 4966 2074 6865 2073 697a 6573 If the sizes\n+0002f860: 2061 7265 2065 7175 616c 2062 7574 2074 are equal but t\n+0002f870: 6865 2062 7974 6573 2061 7420 616e 206f he bytes at an o\n+0002f880: 6666 7365 7420 6469 6666 6572 2c20 7468 ffset differ, th\n+0002f890: 656e 0a20 2020 2020 7072 696e 7420 7468 en. print th\n+0002f8a0: 6520 6279 7465 7320 6c69 6b65 2074 6869 e bytes like thi\n+0002f8b0: 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4469 s:.. Di\n+0002f8c0: 6666 6572 2061 7420 7468 6520 6f66 6673 ffer at the offs\n+0002f8d0: 6574 2037 3737 3a20 3078 6265 205b 666f et 777: 0xbe [fo\n+0002f8e0: 6f5d 2c20 3078 6566 205b 6261 725d 0a0a o], 0xef [bar]..\n+0002f8f0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+0002f900: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 636f 6e66 6967 o, Node: config\n+0002f910: 6669 6c65 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2063 7075 file, Next: cpu\n+0002f920: 6964 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2063 6d70 2c20 id, Prev: cmp, \n+0002f930: 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e Up: Command-lin\n+0002f940: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 e commands..17.4\n+0002f950: 2e31 3520 636f 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 0a2d .15 configfile.-\n+0002f960: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0002f970: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n+0002f980: 636f 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 2066 696c 650a configfile file.\n+0002f990: 2020 2020 204c 6f61 6420 4649 4c45 2061 Load FILE a\n+0002f9a0: 7320 6120 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f s a configuratio\n+0002f9b0: 6e20 6669 6c65 2e20 2049 6620 4649 4c45 n file. If FILE\n+0002f9c0: 2064 6566 696e 6573 2061 6e79 206d 656e defines any men\n+0002f9d0: 750a 2020 2020 2065 6e74 7269 6573 2c20 u. entries, \n+0002f9e0: 7468 656e 2073 686f 7720 6120 6d65 6e75 then show a menu\n+0002f9f0: 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 696e 6720 7468 656d containing them\n+0002fa00: 2069 6d6d 6564 6961 7465 6c79 2e20 2041 immediately. A\n+0002fa10: 6e79 0a20 2020 2020 656e 7669 726f 6e6d ny. environm\n+0002fa20: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2063 6861 ent variable cha\n+0002fa30: 6e67 6573 206d 6164 6520 6279 2074 6865 nges made by the\n+0002fa40: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 696e 2046 494c commands in FIL\n+0002fa50: 4520 7769 6c6c 206e 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 E will not. \n+0002fa60: 6265 2070 7265 7365 7276 6564 2061 6674 be preserved aft\n+0002fa70: 6572 20e2 8098 636f 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 er ...configfile\n+0002fa80: e280 9920 7265 7475 726e 732e 0a0a 1f0a ... returns.....\n+0002fa90: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+0002faa0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6370 7569 642c 2020 Node: cpuid, \n+0002fab0: 4e65 7874 3a20 6372 632c 2020 5072 6576 Next: crc, Prev\n+0002fac0: 3a20 636f 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 2c20 2055 : configfile, U\n+0002fad0: 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 p: Command-line \n+0002fae0: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e31 commands..17.4.1\n+0002faf0: 3620 6370 7569 640a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 6 cpuid.--------\n+0002fb00: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 -----.. -- Comma\n+0002fb10: 6e64 3a20 6370 7569 6420 5b2d 6c5d 205b nd: cpuid [-l] [\n+0002fb20: 2d70 5d0a 2020 2020 2043 6865 636b 2066 -p]. Check f\n+0002fb30: 6f72 2043 5055 2066 6561 7475 7265 732e or CPU features.\n+0002fb40: 2020 5468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 This command i\n+0002fb50: 7320 6f6e 6c79 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 s only available\n+0002fb60: 206f 6e20 7838 360a 2020 2020 2073 7973 on x86. sys\n+0002fb70: 7465 6d73 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5769 7468 tems... With\n+0002fb80: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2d6c e280 9920 6f70 the ...-l... op\n+0002fb90: 7469 6f6e 2c20 7265 7475 726e 2074 7275 tion, return tru\n+0002fba0: 6520 6966 2074 6865 2043 5055 2073 7570 e if the CPU sup\n+0002fbb0: 706f 7274 7320 6c6f 6e67 206d 6f64 650a ports long mode.\n+0002fbc0: 2020 2020 2028 3634 2d62 6974 292e 0a0a (64-bit)...\n+0002fbd0: 2020 2020 2057 6974 6820 7468 6520 e280 With the ..\n+0002fbe0: 982d 70e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e2c 2072 .-p... option, r\n+0002fbf0: 6574 7572 6e20 7472 7565 2069 6620 7468 eturn true if th\n+0002fc00: 6520 4350 5520 7375 7070 6f72 7473 2050 e CPU supports P\n+0002fc10: 6879 7369 6361 6c0a 2020 2020 2041 6464 hysical. Add\n+0002fc20: 7265 7373 2045 7874 656e 7369 6f6e 2028 ress Extension (\n+0002fc30: 5041 4529 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2069 PAE)... If i\n+0002fc40: 6e76 6f6b 6564 2077 6974 686f 7574 206f nvoked without o\n+0002fc50: 7074 696f 6e73 2c20 7468 6973 2063 6f6d ptions, this com\n+0002fc60: 6d61 6e64 2063 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 2062 mand currently b\n+0002fc70: 6568 6176 6573 2061 7320 6966 2069 740a ehaves as if it.\n+0002fc80: 2020 2020 2068 6164 2062 6565 6e20 696e had been in\n+0002fc90: 766f 6b65 6420 7769 7468 20e2 8098 2d6c voked with ...-l\n+0002fca0: e280 992e 2020 5468 6973 206d 6179 2063 .... This may c\n+0002fcb0: 6861 6e67 6520 696e 2074 6865 2066 7574 hange in the fut\n+0002fcc0: 7572 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ure.....File: gr\n+0002fcd0: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+0002fce0: 6372 632c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6372 7970 crc, Next: cryp\n+0002fcf0: 746f 6d6f 756e 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 tomount, Prev: \n+0002fd00: 6370 7569 642c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d cpuid, Up: Comm\n+0002fd10: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 and-line command\n+0002fd20: 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3137 2063 7263 0a2d s..17.4.17 crc.-\n+0002fd30: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n+0002fd40: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2063 7263 2061 7267 Command: crc arg\n+0002fd50: 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 416c 6961 7320 .... Alias \n+0002fd60: 666f 7220 e280 9868 6173 6873 756d 202d for ...hashsum -\n+0002fd70: 2d68 6173 6820 6372 6333 3220 6172 6720 -hash crc32 arg \n+0002fd80: 2e2e 2ee2 8099 2e20 2053 6565 2063 6f6d ....... See com\n+0002fd90: 6d61 6e64 20e2 8098 6861 7368 7375 6de2 mand ...hashsum.\n+0002fda0: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 282a 6e6f 7465 2068 ... (*note h\n+0002fdb0: 6173 6873 756d 3a3a 2920 666f 7220 6675 ashsum::) for fu\n+0002fdc0: 6c6c 2064 6573 6372 6970 7469 6f6e 2e0a ll description..\n+0002fdd0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n+0002fde0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2063 7279 7074 fo, Node: crypt\n+0002fdf0: 6f6d 6f75 6e74 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2063 omount, Next: c\n+0002fe00: 7574 6d65 6d2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6372 utmem, Prev: cr\n+0002fe10: 632c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d c, Up: Command-\n+0002fe20: 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 line commands..1\n+0002fe30: 372e 342e 3138 2063 7279 7074 6f6d 6f75 7.4.18 cryptomou\n+0002fe40: 6e74 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d nt.-------------\n+0002fe50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n+0002fe60: 616e 643a 2063 7279 7074 6f6d 6f75 6e74 and: cryptomount\n+0002fe70: 205b 205b 2d70 2070 6173 7377 6f72 645d [ [-p password]\n+0002fe80: 207c 205b 2d6b 206b 6579 6669 6c65 205b | [-k keyfile [\n+0002fe90: 2d4f 206b 6579 6f66 6673 6574 5d0a 2020 -O keyoffset]. \n+0002fea0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5b2d 5320 6b65 7973 [-S keys\n+0002feb0: 697a 655d 205d 205d 205b 2d48 2066 696c ize] ] ] [-H fil\n+0002fec0: 655d 2064 6576 6963 657c 2d75 2075 7569 e] device|-u uui\n+0002fed0: 647c 2d61 7c2d 620a 2020 2020 2053 6574 d|-a|-b. Set\n+0002fee0: 7570 2061 6363 6573 7320 746f 2065 6e63 up access to enc\n+0002fef0: 7279 7074 6564 2064 6576 6963 652e 2020 rypted device. \n+0002ff00: 4120 7061 7373 7068 7261 7365 2077 696c A passphrase wil\n+0002ff10: 6c20 6265 2072 6571 7565 7374 6564 0a20 l be requested. \n+0002ff20: 2020 2020 696e 7465 7261 6374 6976 656c interactivel\n+0002ff30: 792c 2069 6620 6e65 6974 6865 7220 7468 y, if neither th\n+0002ff40: 6520 e280 982d 70e2 8099 206e 6f72 20e2 e ...-p... nor .\n+0002ff50: 8098 2d6b e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 ..-k... options \n+0002ff60: 6172 6520 6769 7665 6e2e 2020 5468 650a are given. The.\n+0002ff70: 2020 2020 206f 7074 696f 6e20 e280 982d option ...-\n+0002ff80: 70e2 8099 2063 616e 2062 6520 7573 6564 p... can be used\n+0002ff90: 2074 6f20 7375 7070 6c79 2061 2070 6173 to supply a pas\n+0002ffa0: 7370 6872 6173 6520 2875 7365 6675 6c20 sphrase (useful \n+0002ffb0: 666f 720a 2020 2020 2073 6372 6970 7473 for. scripts\n+0002ffc0: 292e 2020 416c 7465 726e 6174 6976 656c ). Alternativel\n+0002ffd0: 7920 7468 6520 e280 982d 6be2 8099 206f y the ...-k... o\n+0002ffe0: 7074 696f 6e20 6361 6e20 6265 2075 7365 ption can be use\n+0002fff0: 6420 746f 2073 7570 706c 7920 610a 2020 d to supply a. \n+00030000: 2020 206b 6579 6669 6c65 2077 6974 6820 keyfile with \n+00030010: 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 e280 982d 4fe2 8099 options ...-O...\n+00030020: 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 2d53 e280 9920 6f70 and ...-S... op\n+00030030: 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 2073 7570 706c 7969 tionally supplyi\n+00030040: 6e67 2074 6865 206f 6666 7365 740a 2020 ng the offset. \n+00030050: 2020 2061 6e64 2073 697a 652c 2072 6573 and size, res\n+00030060: 7065 6374 6976 656c 792c 206f 6620 7468 pectively, of th\n+00030070: 6520 6b65 7920 6461 7461 2069 6e20 7468 e key data in th\n+00030080: 6520 6769 7665 6e20 6b65 7920 6669 6c65 e given key file\n+00030090: 2e20 2054 6865 0a20 2020 2020 e280 982d . The. ...-\n+000300a0: 48e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2063 616e H... options can\n+000300b0: 2062 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f20 7375 7070 be used to supp\n+000300c0: 6c79 2063 7279 7074 6f6d 6f75 6e74 2062 ly cryptomount b\n+000300d0: 6163 6b65 6e64 7320 7769 7468 2061 6e0a ackends with an.\n+000300e0: 2020 2020 2061 6c74 6572 6e61 7469 7665 alternative\n+000300f0: 2068 6561 6465 7220 6669 6c65 2028 616b header file (ak\n+00030100: 6120 6465 7461 6368 6564 2068 6561 6465 a detached heade\n+00030110: 7229 2e20 204e 6f74 2061 6c6c 2062 6163 r). Not all bac\n+00030120: 6b65 6e64 730a 2020 2020 2068 6176 6520 kends. have \n+00030130: 6865 6164 6572 7320 6e6f 7220 7375 7070 headers nor supp\n+00030140: 6f72 7420 616c 7465 726e 6174 6976 6520 ort alternative \n+00030150: 6865 6164 6572 2066 696c 6573 2028 6375 header files (cu\n+00030160: 7272 656e 746c 7920 6f6e 6c79 0a20 2020 rrently only. \n+00030170: 2020 4c55 4b53 3120 616e 6420 4c55 4b53 LUKS1 and LUKS\n+00030180: 3220 7375 7070 6f72 7420 7468 656d 292e 2 support them).\n+00030190: 2020 4172 6775 6d65 6e74 2044 4556 4943 Argument DEVIC\n+000301a0: 4520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6573 2073 7065 E configures spe\n+000301b0: 6369 6669 630a 2020 2020 2067 7275 6220 cific. grub \n+000301c0: 6465 7669 6365 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 4e61 device (*note Na\n+000301d0: 6d69 6e67 2063 6f6e 7665 6e74 696f 6e3a ming convention:\n+000301e0: 3a29 3b20 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d75 :); option ...-u\n+000301f0: e280 9920 5555 4944 0a20 2020 2020 636f ... UUID. co\n+00030200: 6e66 6967 7572 6573 2064 6576 6963 6520 nfigures device \n+00030210: 7769 7468 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2055 with specified U\n+00030220: 5549 443b 206f 7074 696f 6e20 e280 982d UID; option ...-\n+00030230: 61e2 8099 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 7320 a... configures \n+00030240: 616c 6c0a 2020 2020 2064 6574 6563 7465 all. detecte\n+00030250: 6420 656e 6372 7970 7465 6420 6465 7669 d encrypted devi\n+00030260: 6365 733b 206f 7074 696f 6e20 e280 982d ces; option ...-\n+00030270: 62e2 8099 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 7320 b... configures \n+00030280: 616c 6c20 6765 6c69 0a20 2020 2020 636f all geli. co\n+00030290: 6e74 6169 6e65 7273 2074 6861 7420 6861 ntainers that ha\n+000302a0: 7665 2062 6f6f 7420 666c 6167 2073 6574 ve boot flag set\n+000302b0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4465 7669 6365 7320 ... Devices \n+000302c0: 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 616c 6c6f 7765 6420 are not allowed \n+000302d0: 746f 2062 6520 6769 7665 6e20 6173 206b to be given as k\n+000302e0: 6579 2066 696c 6573 206e 6f72 2061 7320 ey files nor as \n+000302f0: 6465 7461 6368 6564 0a20 2020 2020 6865 detached. he\n+00030300: 6164 6572 2066 696c 6573 2e20 2048 6f77 ader files. How\n+00030310: 6576 6572 2c20 7468 6973 206c 696d 6974 ever, this limit\n+00030320: 6174 696f 6e20 6361 6e20 6265 2077 6f72 ation can be wor\n+00030330: 6b65 6420 6172 6f75 6e64 2062 790a 2020 ked around by. \n+00030340: 2020 2075 7369 6e67 2062 6c6f 636b 6c69 using blockli\n+00030350: 7374 2073 796e 7461 782e 2020 536f 2066 st syntax. So f\n+00030360: 6f72 2069 6e73 7461 6e63 652c 20e2 8098 or instance, ...\n+00030370: 2868 6431 2c67 7074 3229 e280 9920 6361 (hd1,gpt2)... ca\n+00030380: 6e20 6e6f 7420 6265 0a20 2020 2020 7573 n not be. us\n+00030390: 6564 2c20 6275 7420 e280 9828 6864 312c ed, but ...(hd1,\n+000303a0: 6770 7432 2930 2be2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 gpt2)0+... will \n+000303b0: 6163 6869 6576 6520 7468 6520 6465 7369 achieve the desi\n+000303c0: 7265 6420 7265 7375 6c74 2e0a 0a20 2020 red result... \n+000303d0: 2020 4752 5542 2073 7570 6f72 7473 2064 GRUB suports d\n+000303e0: 6576 6963 6573 2065 6e63 7279 7074 6564 evices encrypted\n+000303f0: 2075 7369 6e67 204c 554b 532c 204c 554b using LUKS, LUK\n+00030400: 5332 2061 6e64 2067 656c 692e 2020 4e6f S2 and geli. No\n+00030410: 7465 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6174 206e 6563 te. that nec\n+00030420: 6573 7361 7279 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2028 essary modules (\n+00030430: 4c55 4b53 2c20 4c55 4b53 3220 616e 6420 LUKS, LUKS2 and \n+00030440: 4745 4c49 2920 6861 7665 2074 6f20 6265 GELI) have to be\n+00030450: 206c 6f61 6465 640a 2020 2020 206d 616e loaded. man\n+00030460: 7561 6c6c 7920 6265 666f 7265 2074 6869 ually before thi\n+00030470: 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6361 6e20 6265 s command can be\n+00030480: 2075 7365 642e 2020 466f 7220 4c55 4b53 used. For LUKS\n+00030490: 3220 6f6e 6c79 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2 only the. \n+000304a0: 5042 4b44 4632 206b 6579 2064 6572 6976 PBKDF2 key deriv\n+000304b0: 6174 696f 6e20 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 2069 ation function i\n+000304c0: 7320 7375 7070 6f72 7465 642c 2061 7320 s supported, as \n+000304d0: 4172 676f 6e32 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 7965 Argon2 is not ye\n+000304e0: 740a 2020 2020 2073 7570 706f 7274 6564 t. supported\n+000304f0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5375 6363 6573 7366 ... Successf\n+00030500: 756c 6c79 2064 6563 7279 7074 6564 2064 ully decrypted d\n+00030510: 6973 6b73 2061 7265 206e 616d 6564 2061 isks are named a\n+00030520: 7320 2863 7279 7074 6f58 2920 616e 6420 s (cryptoX) and \n+00030530: 6861 7665 0a20 2020 2020 696e 6372 6561 have. increa\n+00030540: 7369 6e67 206e 756d 6572 6174 696f 6e20 sing numeration \n+00030550: 7375 6666 6978 2066 6f72 2065 6163 6820 suffix for each \n+00030560: 6e65 7720 6465 6372 7970 7465 6420 6469 new decrypted di\n+00030570: 736b 2e20 2049 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 sk. If the. \n+00030580: 2065 6e63 7279 7074 6564 2064 6973 6b20 encrypted disk \n+00030590: 686f 7374 7320 736f 6d65 2068 6967 6865 hosts some highe\n+000305a0: 7220 6c65 7665 6c20 6f66 2061 6273 7472 r level of abstr\n+000305b0: 6163 7469 6f6e 2028 6c69 6b65 204c 564d action (like LVM\n+000305c0: 3220 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 4d44 5241 4944 2 or. MDRAID\n+000305d0: 2920 6974 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2063 7265 ) it will be cre\n+000305e0: 6174 6564 2075 6e64 6572 2061 2073 6570 ated under a sep\n+000305f0: 6172 6174 6520 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d arate device nam\n+00030600: 6573 7061 6365 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2061 espace in. a\n+00030610: 6464 6974 696f 6e20 746f 2074 6865 2063 ddition to the c\n+00030620: 7279 7074 6f64 6973 6b20 6e61 6d65 7370 ryptodisk namesp\n+00030630: 6163 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2053 7570 706f ace... Suppo\n+00030640: 7274 2066 6f72 2070 6c61 696e 2065 6e63 rt for plain enc\n+00030650: 7279 7074 696f 6e20 6d6f 6465 2028 706c ryption mode (pl\n+00030660: 6169 6e20 646d 2d63 7279 7074 2920 6973 ain dm-crypt) is\n+00030670: 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 7669 610a 2020 provided via. \n+00030680: 2020 2073 6570 6172 6174 6520 e280 982a separate ...*\n+00030690: 6e6f 7465 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f 756e 743a note plainmount:\n+000306a0: 3ae2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2e0a 0a1f :... command....\n+000306b0: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+000306c0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2063 7574 6d65 6d2c , Node: cutmem,\n+000306d0: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6461 7465 2c20 2050 Next: date, P\n+000306e0: 7265 763a 2063 7279 7074 6f6d 6f75 6e74 rev: cryptomount\n+000306f0: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c , Up: Command-l\n+00030700: 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 ine commands..17\n+00030710: 2e34 2e31 3920 6375 746d 656d 0a2d 2d2d .4.19 cutmem.---\n+00030720: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d -----------.. --\n+00030730: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6375 746d 656d Command: cutmem\n+00030740: 2066 726f 6d5b 4b7c 4d7c 475d 2074 6f5b from[K|M|G] to[\n+00030750: 4b7c 4d7c 475d 0a20 2020 2020 5265 6d6f K|M|G]. Remo\n+00030760: 7665 2061 6e79 206d 656d 6f72 7920 7265 ve any memory re\n+00030770: 6769 6f6e 7320 696e 2073 7065 6369 6669 gions in specifi\n+00030780: 6564 2072 616e 6765 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 ed range... \n+00030790: 5468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 206e 6f74 This command not\n+000307a0: 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 6d65 6d6f 7279 ifies the memory\n+000307b0: 206d 616e 6167 6572 2074 6861 7420 7370 manager that sp\n+000307c0: 6563 6966 6965 6420 7265 6769 6f6e 7320 ecified regions \n+000307d0: 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 5241 4d20 6f75 6768 of. RAM ough\n+000307e0: 7420 746f 2062 6520 6669 6c74 6572 6564 t to be filtered\n+000307f0: 206f 7574 2e20 2054 6869 7320 7265 6d61 out. This rema\n+00030800: 696e 7320 696e 2065 6666 6563 7420 6166 ins in effect af\n+00030810: 7465 7220 610a 2020 2020 2070 6179 6c6f ter a. paylo\n+00030820: 6164 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6861 7320 6265 ad kernel has be\n+00030830: 656e 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6279 2047 5255 en loaded by GRU\n+00030840: 422c 2061 7320 6c6f 6e67 2061 7320 7468 B, as long as th\n+00030850: 6520 6c6f 6164 6564 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 e loaded. ke\n+00030860: 726e 656c 206f 6274 6169 6e73 2069 7473 rnel obtains its\n+00030870: 206d 656d 6f72 7920 6d61 7020 6672 6f6d memory map from\n+00030880: 2047 5255 422e 204b 6572 6e65 6c73 2074 GRUB. Kernels t\n+00030890: 6861 7420 7375 7070 6f72 7420 7468 6973 hat support this\n+000308a0: 0a20 2020 2020 696e 636c 7564 6520 4c69 . include Li\n+000308b0: 6e75 782c 2047 4e55 204d 6163 682c 2074 nux, GNU Mach, t\n+000308c0: 6865 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6f66 2046 7265 he kernel of Fre\n+000308d0: 6542 5344 2061 6e64 204d 756c 7469 626f eBSD and Multibo\n+000308e0: 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 726e 656c 7320 ot. kernels \n+000308f0: 696e 2067 656e 6572 616c 2e0a 0a20 2020 in general... \n+00030900: 2020 5468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 The command is\n+00030910: 2073 696d 696c 6172 2074 6f20 e280 9862 similar to ...b\n+00030920: 6164 7261 6de2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 adram... command\n+00030930: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4e6f 7465 3a20 5468 ... Note: Th\n+00030940: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 206e 6f74 e command is not\n+00030950: 2061 6c6c 6f77 6564 2077 6865 6e20 6c6f allowed when lo\n+00030960: 636b 646f 776e 2069 7320 656e 666f 7263 ckdown is enforc\n+00030970: 6564 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 204c ed (*note. L\n+00030980: 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e3a 3a29 2e20 2054 6869 ockdown::). Thi\n+00030990: 7320 7072 6576 656e 7473 2072 656d 6f76 s prevents remov\n+000309a0: 696e 6720 4546 4920 6d65 6d6f 7279 2072 ing EFI memory r\n+000309b0: 6567 696f 6e73 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2070 egions to. p\n+000309c0: 6f74 656e 7469 616c 6c79 2073 7562 7665 otentially subve\n+000309d0: 7274 2074 6865 2073 6563 7572 6974 7920 rt the security \n+000309e0: 6d65 6368 616e 6973 6d73 2070 726f 7669 mechanisms provi\n+000309f0: 6465 6420 6279 2074 6865 2055 4546 490a ded by the UEFI.\n+00030a00: 2020 2020 2073 6563 7572 6520 626f 6f74 secure boot\n+00030a10: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n+00030a20: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2064 6174 info, Node: dat\n+00030a30: 652c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6465 7669 6365 e, Next: device\n+00030a40: 7472 6565 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2063 7574 tree, Prev: cut\n+00030a50: 6d65 6d2c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e mem, Up: Comman\n+00030a60: 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a d-line commands.\n+00030a70: 0a31 372e 342e 3230 2064 6174 650a 2d2d .17.4.20 date.--\n+00030a80: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n+00030a90: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2064 6174 6520 5b5b Command: date [[\n+00030aa0: 7965 6172 2d5d 6d6f 6e74 682d 6461 795d year-]month-day]\n+00030ab0: 205b 686f 7572 3a6d 696e 7574 655b 3a73 [hour:minute[:s\n+00030ac0: 6563 6f6e 645d 5d0a 2020 2020 2057 6974 econd]]. Wit\n+00030ad0: 6820 6e6f 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 2c20 h no arguments, \n+00030ae0: 7072 696e 7420 7468 6520 6375 7272 656e print the curren\n+00030af0: 7420 6461 7465 2061 6e64 2074 696d 652e t date and time.\n+00030b00: 0a0a 2020 2020 204f 7468 6572 7769 7365 .. Otherwise\n+00030b10: 2c20 7461 6b65 2074 6865 2063 7572 7265 , take the curre\n+00030b20: 6e74 2064 6174 6520 616e 6420 7469 6d65 nt date and time\n+00030b30: 2c20 6368 616e 6765 2061 6e79 2065 6c65 , change any ele\n+00030b40: 6d65 6e74 730a 2020 2020 2073 7065 6369 ments. speci\n+00030b50: 6669 6564 2061 7320 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 fied as argument\n+00030b60: 732c 2061 6e64 2073 6574 2074 6865 2072 s, and set the r\n+00030b70: 6573 756c 7420 6173 2074 6865 206e 6577 esult as the new\n+00030b80: 2064 6174 6520 616e 640a 2020 2020 2074 date and. t\n+00030b90: 696d 652e 2020 466f 7220 6578 616d 706c ime. For exampl\n+00030ba0: 652c 2027 6461 7465 2030 312d 3031 2720 e, 'date 01-01' \n+00030bb0: 7769 6c6c 2073 6574 2074 6865 2063 7572 will set the cur\n+00030bc0: 7265 6e74 206d 6f6e 7468 2061 6e64 2064 rent month and d\n+00030bd0: 6179 0a20 2020 2020 746f 204a 616e 7561 ay. to Janua\n+00030be0: 7279 2031 2c20 6275 7420 6c65 6176 6520 ry 1, but leave \n+00030bf0: 7468 6520 7965 6172 2c20 686f 7572 2c20 the year, hour, \n+00030c00: 6d69 6e75 7465 2c20 616e 6420 7365 636f minute, and seco\n+00030c10: 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 756e 6368 616e 6765 nd. unchange\n+00030c20: 642e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 d.....File: grub\n+00030c30: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6465 .info, Node: de\n+00030c40: 7669 6365 7472 6565 2c20 204e 6578 743a vicetree, Next:\n+00030c50: 2064 6973 7472 7573 742c 2020 5072 6576 distrust, Prev\n+00030c60: 3a20 6461 7465 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d : date, Up: Com\n+00030c70: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n+00030c80: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e32 3120 6465 7669 ds..17.4.21 devi\n+00030c90: 6365 7472 6565 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d cetree.---------\n+00030ca0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n+00030cb0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6465 7669 6365 7472 ommand: devicetr\n+00030cc0: 6565 2066 696c 650a 2020 2020 204c 6f61 ee file. Loa\n+00030cd0: 6420 6120 6465 7669 6365 2074 7265 6520 d a device tree \n+00030ce0: 626c 6f62 2028 2e64 7462 2920 6672 6f6d blob (.dtb) from\n+00030cf0: 2061 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d2c 2066 a filesystem, f\n+00030d00: 6f72 206c 6174 6572 2075 7365 2062 790a or later use by.\n+00030d10: 2020 2020 2061 204c 696e 7578 206b 6572 a Linux ker\n+00030d20: 6e65 6c2e 2020 446f 6573 206e 6f74 2070 nel. Does not p\n+00030d30: 6572 666f 726d 206d 6572 6769 6e67 2077 erform merging w\n+00030d40: 6974 6820 616e 7920 6465 7669 6365 2074 ith any device t\n+00030d50: 7265 650a 2020 2020 2073 7570 706c 6965 ree. supplie\n+00030d60: 6420 6279 2066 6972 6d77 6172 652c 2062 d by firmware, b\n+00030d70: 7574 2072 6174 6865 7220 7265 706c 6163 ut rather replac\n+00030d80: 6573 2069 7420 636f 6d70 6c65 7465 6c79 es it completely\n+00030d90: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4e6f 7465 3a20 5468 ... Note: Th\n+00030da0: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 206e 6f74 e command is not\n+00030db0: 2061 6c6c 6f77 6564 2077 6865 6e20 6c6f allowed when lo\n+00030dc0: 636b 646f 776e 2069 7320 656e 666f 7263 ckdown is enforc\n+00030dd0: 6564 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 204c ed (*note. L\n+00030de0: 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e3a 3a29 2e20 2054 6869 ockdown::). Thi\n+00030df0: 7320 6973 2064 6f6e 6520 746f 2070 7265 s is done to pre\n+00030e00: 7665 6e74 2073 7562 7665 7274 696e 6720 vent subverting \n+00030e10: 7661 7269 6f75 7320 7365 6375 7269 7479 various security\n+00030e20: 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 6368 616e 6973 6d73 . mechanisms\n+00030e30: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n+00030e40: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2064 6973 info, Node: dis\n+00030e50: 7472 7573 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6472 trust, Next: dr\n+00030e60: 6976 656d 6170 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2064 ivemap, Prev: d\n+00030e70: 6576 6963 6574 7265 652c 2020 5570 3a20 evicetree, Up: \n+00030e80: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d Command-line com\n+00030e90: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3232 2064 mands..17.4.22 d\n+00030ea0: 6973 7472 7573 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d istrust.--------\n+00030eb0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f --------.. -- Co\n+00030ec0: 6d6d 616e 643a 2064 6973 7472 7573 7420 mmand: distrust \n+00030ed0: 7075 626b 6579 5f69 640a 2020 2020 2052 pubkey_id. R\n+00030ee0: 656d 6f76 6520 7075 626c 6963 206b 6579 emove public key\n+00030ef0: 2050 5542 4b45 595f 4944 2066 726f 6d20 PUBKEY_ID from \n+00030f00: 4752 5542 2773 206b 6579 7269 6e67 206f GRUB's keyring o\n+00030f10: 6620 7472 7573 7465 6420 6b65 7973 2e0a f trusted keys..\n+00030f20: 2020 2020 2050 5542 4b45 595f 4944 2069 PUBKEY_ID i\n+00030f30: 7320 7468 6520 6c61 7374 2066 6f75 7220 s the last four \n+00030f40: 6279 7465 7320 2865 6967 6874 2068 6578 bytes (eight hex\n+00030f50: 6164 6563 696d 616c 2064 6967 6974 7329 adecimal digits)\n+00030f60: 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2047 5047 of the. GPG\n+00030f70: 2076 3420 6b65 7920 6964 2c20 7768 6963 v4 key id, whic\n+00030f80: 6820 6973 2061 6c73 6f20 7468 6520 6f75 h is also the ou\n+00030f90: 7470 7574 206f 6620 e280 986c 6973 745f tput of ...list_\n+00030fa0: 7472 7573 7465 64e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 trusted... (*not\n+00030fb0: 650a 2020 2020 206c 6973 745f 7472 7573 e. list_trus\n+00030fc0: 7465 643a 3a29 2e20 204f 7574 7369 6465 ted::). Outside\n+00030fd0: 206f 6620 4752 5542 2c20 7468 6520 6b65 of GRUB, the ke\n+00030fe0: 7920 6964 2063 616e 2062 6520 6f62 7461 y id can be obta\n+00030ff0: 696e 6564 2075 7369 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 ined using. \n+00031000: e280 9867 7067 202d 2d66 696e 6765 7270 ...gpg --fingerp\n+00031010: 7269 6e74 e280 9929 2e20 2054 6865 7365 rint...). These\n+00031020: 206b 6579 7320 6172 6520 7573 6564 2074 keys are used t\n+00031030: 6f20 7661 6c69 6461 7465 2073 6967 6e61 o validate signa\n+00031040: 7475 7265 730a 2020 2020 2077 6865 6e20 tures. when \n+00031050: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n+00031060: 6162 6c65 20e2 8098 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 able ...check_si\n+00031070: 676e 6174 7572 6573 e280 9920 6973 2073 gnatures... is s\n+00031080: 6574 2074 6f20 e280 9865 6e66 6f72 6365 et to ...enforce\n+00031090: e280 990a 2020 2020 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 .... (*note \n+000310a0: 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 check_signatures\n+000310b0: 3a3a 292c 2061 6e64 2062 7920 736f 6d65 ::), and by some\n+000310c0: 2069 6e76 6f63 6174 696f 6e73 206f 660a invocations of.\n+000310d0: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 7665 7269 6679 5f64 ...verify_d\n+000310e0: 6574 6163 6865 64e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 etached... (*not\n+000310f0: 6520 7665 7269 6679 5f64 6574 6163 6865 e verify_detache\n+00031100: 643a 3a29 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 2055 7369 d::). *Note Usi\n+00031110: 6e67 2064 6967 6974 616c 0a20 2020 2020 ng digital. \n+00031120: 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 3a3a 2c20 666f signatures::, fo\n+00031130: 7220 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 r more informati\n+00031140: 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 on.....File: gru\n+00031150: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2064 b.info, Node: d\n+00031160: 7269 7665 6d61 702c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 rivemap, Next: \n+00031170: 6563 686f 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2064 6973 echo, Prev: dis\n+00031180: 7472 7573 742c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d trust, Up: Comm\n+00031190: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 and-line command\n+000311a0: 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3233 2064 7269 7665 s..17.4.23 drive\n+000311b0: 6d61 700a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d map.------------\n+000311c0: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n+000311d0: 643a 2064 7269 7665 6d61 7020 2d6c 7c2d d: drivemap -l|-\n+000311e0: 727c 5b2d 735d 2066 726f 6d5f 6472 6976 r|[-s] from_driv\n+000311f0: 6520 746f 5f64 7269 7665 0a20 2020 2020 e to_drive. \n+00031200: 5769 7468 6f75 7420 6f70 7469 6f6e 732c Without options,\n+00031210: 206d 6170 2074 6865 2064 7269 7665 2046 map the drive F\n+00031220: 524f 4d5f 4452 4956 4520 746f 2074 6865 ROM_DRIVE to the\n+00031230: 2064 7269 7665 2054 4f5f 4452 4956 452e drive TO_DRIVE.\n+00031240: 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 6e65 . This is ne\n+00031250: 6365 7373 6172 7920 7768 656e 2079 6f75 cessary when you\n+00031260: 2063 6861 696e 2d6c 6f61 6420 736f 6d65 chain-load some\n+00031270: 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 operating syste\n+00031280: 6d73 2c20 7375 6368 0a20 2020 2020 6173 ms, such. as\n+00031290: 2044 4f53 2c20 6966 2073 7563 6820 616e DOS, if such an\n+000312a0: 204f 5320 7265 7369 6465 7320 6174 2061 OS resides at a\n+000312b0: 206e 6f6e 2d66 6972 7374 2064 7269 7665 non-first drive\n+000312c0: 2e20 2046 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e76 . For. conv\n+000312d0: 656e 6965 6e63 652c 2061 6e79 2070 6172 enience, any par\n+000312e0: 7469 7469 6f6e 2073 7566 6669 7820 6f6e tition suffix on\n+000312f0: 2074 6865 2064 7269 7665 2069 7320 6967 the drive is ig\n+00031300: 6e6f 7265 642c 2073 6f20 796f 750a 2020 nored, so you. \n+00031310: 2020 2063 616e 2073 6166 656c 7920 7573 can safely us\n+00031320: 6520 247b 726f 6f74 7d20 6173 2061 2064 e ${root} as a d\n+00031330: 7269 7665 2073 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 rive specificati\n+00031340: 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5769 7468 2074 on... With t\n+00031350: 6865 20e2 8098 2d73 e280 9920 6f70 7469 he ...-s... opti\n+00031360: 6f6e 2c20 7065 7266 6f72 6d20 7468 6520 on, perform the \n+00031370: 7265 7665 7273 6520 6d61 7070 696e 6720 reverse mapping \n+00031380: 6173 2077 656c 6c2c 2073 7761 7070 696e as well, swappin\n+00031390: 670a 2020 2020 2074 6865 2074 776f 2064 g. the two d\n+000313a0: 7269 7665 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6974 rives... Wit\n+000313b0: 6820 7468 6520 e280 982d 6ce2 8099 206f h the ...-l... o\n+000313c0: 7074 696f 6e2c 206c 6973 7420 7468 6520 ption, list the \n+000313d0: 6375 7272 656e 7420 6d61 7070 696e 6773 current mappings\n+000313e0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5769 7468 2074 6865 ... With the\n+000313f0: 20e2 8098 2d72 e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e ...-r... option\n+00031400: 2c20 7265 7365 7420 616c 6c20 6d61 7070 , reset all mapp\n+00031410: 696e 6773 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6465 6661 ings to the defa\n+00031420: 756c 7420 7661 6c75 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 ult values... \n+00031430: 2020 466f 7220 6578 616d 706c 653a 0a0a For example:..\n+00031440: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6472 6976 656d drivem\n+00031450: 6170 202d 7320 2868 6430 2920 2868 6431 ap -s (hd0) (hd1\n+00031460: 290a 0a20 2020 2020 4e4f 5445 3a20 4f6e ).. NOTE: On\n+00031470: 6c79 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 206f 6e20 ly available on \n+00031480: 6933 3836 2d70 632e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 i386-pc.....File\n+00031490: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+000314a0: 6465 3a20 6563 686f 2c20 204e 6578 743a de: echo, Next:\n+000314b0: 2065 6669 7465 7874 6d6f 6465 2c20 2050 efitextmode, P\n+000314c0: 7265 763a 2064 7269 7665 6d61 702c 2020 rev: drivemap, \n+000314d0: 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 Up: Command-line\n+000314e0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e commands..17.4.\n+000314f0: 3234 2065 6368 6f0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 24 echo.--------\n+00031500: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n+00031510: 643a 2065 6368 6f20 5b2d 6e5d 205b 2d65 d: echo [-n] [-e\n+00031520: 5d20 7374 7269 6e67 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 ] string .... \n+00031530: 2020 4469 7370 6c61 7920 7468 6520 7265 Display the re\n+00031540: 7175 6573 7465 6420 7465 7874 2061 6e64 quested text and\n+00031550: 2c20 756e 6c65 7373 2074 6865 20e2 8098 , unless the ...\n+00031560: 2d6e e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 -n... option is \n+00031570: 7573 6564 2c20 610a 2020 2020 2074 7261 used, a. tra\n+00031580: 696c 696e 6720 6e65 7720 6c69 6e65 2e20 iling new line. \n+00031590: 2049 6620 7468 6572 6520 6973 206d 6f72 If there is mor\n+000315a0: 6520 7468 616e 206f 6e65 2073 7472 696e e than one strin\n+000315b0: 672c 2074 6865 7920 6172 650a 2020 2020 g, they are. \n+000315c0: 2073 6570 6172 6174 6564 2062 7920 7370 separated by sp\n+000315d0: 6163 6573 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6f75 7470 aces in the outp\n+000315e0: 7574 2e20 2041 7320 7573 7561 6c20 696e ut. As usual in\n+000315f0: 2047 5255 4220 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2c0a GRUB commands,.\n+00031600: 2020 2020 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 206d variables m\n+00031610: 6179 2062 6520 7375 6273 7469 7475 7465 ay be substitute\n+00031620: 6420 7573 696e 6720 e280 9824 7b76 6172 d using ...${var\n+00031630: 7de2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 }...... The \n+00031640: e280 982d 65e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 ...-e... option \n+00031650: 656e 6162 6c65 7320 696e 7465 7270 7265 enables interpre\n+00031660: 7461 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 6261 636b 736c tation of backsl\n+00031670: 6173 6820 6573 6361 7065 732e 2020 5468 ash escapes. Th\n+00031680: 650a 2020 2020 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 e. following\n+00031690: 2073 6571 7565 6e63 6573 2061 7265 2072 sequences are r\n+000316a0: 6563 6f67 6e69 7365 643a 0a0a 2020 2020 ecognised:.. \n+000316b0: 20e2 8098 5c5c e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 ...\\\\.... \n+000316c0: 2020 2020 6261 636b 736c 6173 680a 0a20 backslash.. \n+000316d0: 2020 2020 e280 985c 61e2 8099 0a20 2020 ...\\a.... \n+000316e0: 2020 2020 2020 2061 6c65 7274 2028 4245 alert (BE\n+000316f0: 4c29 0a0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 5c63 e280 L).. ...\\c..\n+00031700: 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7375 7070 .. supp\n+00031710: 7265 7373 2074 7261 696c 696e 6720 6e65 ress trailing ne\n+00031720: 7720 6c69 6e65 0a0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 w line.. ...\n+00031730: 5c66 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \\f.... \n+00031740: 666f 726d 2066 6565 640a 0a20 2020 2020 form feed.. \n+00031750: e280 985c 6ee2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ...\\n.... \n+00031760: 2020 206e 6577 206c 696e 650a 0a20 2020 new line.. \n+00031770: 2020 e280 985c 72e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 ...\\r.... \n+00031780: 2020 2020 2063 6172 7269 6167 6520 7265 carriage re\n+00031790: 7475 726e 0a0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 5c74 turn.. ...\\t\n+000317a0: e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 686f .... ho\n+000317b0: 7269 7a6f 6e74 616c 2074 6162 0a0a 2020 rizontal tab.. \n+000317c0: 2020 20e2 8098 5c76 e280 990a 2020 2020 ...\\v.... \n+000317d0: 2020 2020 2020 7665 7274 6963 616c 2074 vertical t\n+000317e0: 6162 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6865 6e20 696e ab.. When in\n+000317f0: 7465 7270 7265 7469 6e67 2062 6163 6b73 terpreting backs\n+00031800: 6c61 7368 2065 7363 6170 6573 2c20 6261 lash escapes, ba\n+00031810: 636b 736c 6173 6820 666f 6c6c 6f77 6564 ckslash followed\n+00031820: 2062 7920 616e 790a 2020 2020 206f 7468 by any. oth\n+00031830: 6572 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 2077 696c er character wil\n+00031840: 6c20 7072 696e 7420 7468 6174 2063 6861 l print that cha\n+00031850: 7261 6374 6572 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a racter.....File:\n+00031860: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+00031870: 653a 2065 6669 7465 7874 6d6f 6465 2c20 e: efitextmode, \n+00031880: 204e 6578 743a 2065 7661 6c2c 2020 5072 Next: eval, Pr\n+00031890: 6576 3a20 6563 686f 2c20 2055 703a 2043 ev: echo, Up: C\n+000318a0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d ommand-line comm\n+000318b0: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e32 3520 6566 ands..17.4.25 ef\n+000318c0: 6974 6578 746d 6f64 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d itextmode.------\n+000318d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 -------------.. \n+000318e0: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6566 6974 -- Command: efit\n+000318f0: 6578 746d 6f64 6520 5b6d 696e 207c 206d extmode [min | m\n+00031900: 6178 207c 203c 6d6f 6465 5f6e 756d 3e20 ax | \n+00031910: 7c20 3c63 6f6c 733e 203c 726f 7773 3e5d | ]\n+00031920: 0a20 2020 2020 5768 656e 2075 7365 6420 . When used \n+00031930: 7769 7468 206e 6f20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 with no argument\n+00031940: 7320 6469 7370 6c61 7973 2061 6c6c 2061 s displays all a\n+00031950: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2074 6578 7420 6f75 vailable text ou\n+00031960: 7470 7574 0a20 2020 2020 6d6f 6465 732e tput. modes.\n+00031970: 2020 5468 6520 7365 7420 6d6f 6465 2064 The set mode d\n+00031980: 6574 6572 6d69 6e65 7320 7468 6520 636f etermines the co\n+00031990: 6c75 6d6e 7320 616e 6420 726f 7773 206f lumns and rows o\n+000319a0: 6620 7468 6520 7465 7874 0a20 2020 2020 f the text. \n+000319b0: 6469 7370 6c61 7920 7768 656e 2069 6e20 display when in \n+000319c0: 7465 7874 206d 6f64 652e 2020 416e 2061 text mode. An a\n+000319d0: 7374 6572 6973 6b2c 20e2 8098 2ae2 8099 sterisk, ...*...\n+000319e0: 2c20 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6174 2074 6865 , will be at the\n+000319f0: 2065 6e64 206f 660a 2020 2020 2074 6865 end of. the\n+00031a00: 206c 696e 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2063 7572 line of the cur\n+00031a10: 7265 6e74 6c79 2073 6574 206d 6f64 652e rently set mode.\n+00031a20: 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 6769 7665 6e20 .. If given \n+00031a30: 6120 7369 6e67 6c65 2070 6172 616d 6574 a single paramet\n+00031a40: 6572 2c20 6974 206d 7573 7420 6265 20e2 er, it must be .\n+00031a50: 8098 6d69 6ee2 8099 2c20 e280 986d 6178 ..min..., ...max\n+00031a60: e280 992c 206f 7220 6120 6d6f 6465 0a20 ..., or a mode. \n+00031a70: 2020 2020 6e75 6d62 6572 2067 6976 656e number given\n+00031a80: 2062 7920 7468 6520 6c69 7374 696e 6720 by the listing \n+00031a90: 7768 656e 2072 756e 2077 6974 6820 6e6f when run with no\n+00031aa0: 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 2e20 2054 6865 arguments. The\n+00031ab0: 7365 0a20 2020 2020 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 se. argument\n+00031ac0: 7320 7365 7420 7468 6520 6d6f 6465 2074 s set the mode t\n+00031ad0: 6f20 7468 6520 6d69 6e69 6d75 6d2c 206d o the minimum, m\n+00031ae0: 6178 696d 756d 2c20 616e 6420 7061 7274 aximum, and part\n+00031af0: 6963 756c 6172 206d 6f64 650a 2020 2020 icular mode. \n+00031b00: 2072 6573 7065 6374 6976 656c 792e 0a0a respectively...\n+00031b10: 2020 2020 204f 7468 6572 7769 7365 2c20 Otherwise, \n+00031b20: 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6d75 7374 the command must\n+00031b30: 2062 6520 6769 7665 6e20 7477 6f20 6e75 be given two nu\n+00031b40: 6d65 7269 6361 6c20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 merical argument\n+00031b50: 730a 2020 2020 2073 7065 6369 6679 696e s. specifyin\n+00031b60: 6720 7468 6520 636f 6c75 6d6e 7320 616e g the columns an\n+00031b70: 6420 726f 7773 206f 6620 7468 6520 6465 d rows of the de\n+00031b80: 7369 7265 6420 6d6f 6465 2e20 2053 7065 sired mode. Spe\n+00031b90: 6369 6679 696e 6720 610a 2020 2020 2063 cifying a. c\n+00031ba0: 6f6c 756d 6e73 2061 6e64 2072 6f77 7320 olumns and rows \n+00031bb0: 636f 6d62 696e 6174 696f 6e20 7468 6174 combination that\n+00031bc0: 2063 6f72 7265 7370 6f6e 6473 2074 6f20 corresponds to \n+00031bd0: 6e6f 2073 7570 706f 7274 6564 206d 6f64 no supported mod\n+00031be0: 652c 0a20 2020 2020 7769 6c6c 2072 6574 e,. will ret\n+00031bf0: 7572 6e20 6572 726f 722c 2062 7574 206f urn error, but o\n+00031c00: 7468 6572 7769 7365 2068 6176 6520 6e6f therwise have no\n+00031c10: 2065 6666 6563 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 2042 effect... B\n+00031c20: 7920 6465 6661 756c 7420 4752 5542 2077 y default GRUB w\n+00031c30: 696c 6c20 7374 6172 7420 696e 2077 6861 ill start in wha\n+00031c40: 7465 7665 7220 6d6f 6465 2074 6865 2045 tever mode the E\n+00031c50: 4649 2066 6972 6d77 6172 650a 2020 2020 FI firmware. \n+00031c60: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 7320 746f 2e20 2054 defaults to. T\n+00031c70: 6865 7265 2061 7265 2066 6972 6d77 6172 here are firmwar\n+00031c80: 6573 206b 6e6f 776e 2074 6f20 7365 7420 es known to set \n+00031c90: 7570 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 206d up the default m\n+00031ca0: 6f64 650a 2020 2020 2073 7563 6820 7468 ode. such th\n+00031cb0: 6174 206f 7574 7075 7420 6265 6861 7665 at output behave\n+00031cc0: 7320 7374 7261 6e67 656c 792c 2066 6f72 s strangely, for\n+00031cd0: 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2074 6865 2063 7572 example the cur\n+00031ce0: 736f 7220 696e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 sor in the. \n+00031cf0: 4752 5542 2073 6865 6c6c 206e 6576 6572 GRUB shell never\n+00031d00: 2072 6561 6368 6573 2074 6865 2062 6f74 reaches the bot\n+00031d10: 746f 6d20 6f66 2074 6865 2073 6372 6565 tom of the scree\n+00031d20: 6e20 6f72 2c20 7768 656e 2074 7970 696e n or, when typin\n+00031d30: 670a 2020 2020 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 g. character\n+00031d40: 7320 6174 2074 6865 2070 726f 6d70 742c s at the prompt,\n+00031d50: 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 7320 6672 6f6d characters from\n+00031d60: 2070 7265 7669 6f75 7320 636f 6d6d 616e previous comman\n+00031d70: 6420 6f75 7470 7574 0a20 2020 2020 6172 d output. ar\n+00031d80: 6520 6f76 6572 7772 6974 7465 6e2e 2020 e overwritten. \n+00031d90: 5365 7474 696e 6720 7468 6520 6d6f 6465 Setting the mode\n+00031da0: 206d 6179 2066 6978 2074 6869 732e 0a0a may fix this...\n+00031db0: 2020 2020 2054 6865 2045 4649 2073 7065 The EFI spe\n+00031dc0: 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2073 6179 7320 cification says \n+00031dd0: 7468 6174 206d 6f64 6520 3020 6d75 7374 that mode 0 must\n+00031de0: 2062 6520 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 616e be available an\n+00031df0: 6420 6861 7665 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6c75 d have. colu\n+00031e00: 6d6e 7320 616e 6420 726f 7773 206f 6620 mns and rows of \n+00031e10: 3830 2061 6e64 2032 3520 7265 7370 6563 80 and 25 respec\n+00031e20: 7469 7665 6c79 2e20 204d 6f64 6520 3120 tively. Mode 1 \n+00031e30: 6d61 7920 6265 2064 6566 696e 6564 0a20 may be defined. \n+00031e40: 2020 2020 616e 6420 6966 2073 6f20 6d75 and if so mu\n+00031e50: 7374 2068 6176 6520 636f 6c75 6d6e 7320 st have columns \n+00031e60: 616e 6420 726f 7773 206f 6620 3830 2061 and rows of 80 a\n+00031e70: 6e64 2035 3020 7265 7370 6563 7469 7665 nd 50 respective\n+00031e80: 6c79 2e0a 2020 2020 2041 6e79 206f 7468 ly.. Any oth\n+00031e90: 6572 206d 6f64 6573 206d 6179 2068 6176 er modes may hav\n+00031ea0: 6520 636f 6c75 6d6e 7320 616e 6420 726f e columns and ro\n+00031eb0: 7773 2061 7262 6974 7261 7269 6c79 2064 ws arbitrarily d\n+00031ec0: 6566 696e 6564 2062 790a 2020 2020 2074 efined by. t\n+00031ed0: 6865 2066 6972 6d77 6172 652e 2020 5468 he firmware. Th\n+00031ee0: 6973 206d 6561 6e73 2074 6861 7420 6120 is means that a \n+00031ef0: 6d6f 6465 2077 6974 6820 636f 6c75 6d6e mode with column\n+00031f00: 7320 616e 6420 726f 7773 206f 6620 3130 s and rows of 10\n+00031f10: 300a 2020 2020 2061 6e64 2033 3120 6f6e 0. and 31 on\n+00031f20: 206f 6e65 2066 6972 6d77 6172 6520 6d61 one firmware ma\n+00031f30: 7920 6265 2061 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 y be a different\n+00031f40: 206d 6f64 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6e20 mode number on \n+00031f50: 610a 2020 2020 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 a. different\n+00031f60: 2066 6972 6d77 6172 6520 6f72 206e 6f74 firmware or not\n+00031f70: 2065 7869 7374 2061 7420 616c 6c2e 2020 exist at all. \n+00031f80: 4c69 6b65 7769 7365 2c20 6d6f 6465 206e Likewise, mode n\n+00031f90: 756d 6265 7220 3220 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 umber 2 on. \n+00031fa0: 6f6e 6520 6669 726d 7761 7265 206d 6179 one firmware may\n+00031fb0: 2068 6176 6520 6120 6469 6666 6572 656e have a differen\n+00031fc0: 7420 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 636f 6c75 t number of colu\n+00031fd0: 6d6e 7320 616e 6420 726f 7773 2074 6861 mns and rows tha\n+00031fe0: 6e0a 2020 2020 206d 6f64 6520 3220 6f6e n. mode 2 on\n+00031ff0: 2061 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 2066 6972 a different fir\n+00032000: 6d77 6172 652e 2020 536f 206f 6e65 2073 mware. So one s\n+00032010: 686f 756c 6420 6e6f 7420 7265 6c79 206f hould not rely o\n+00032020: 6e20 610a 2020 2020 2070 6172 7469 6375 n a. particu\n+00032030: 6c61 7220 6d6f 6465 206e 756d 6265 7220 lar mode number \n+00032040: 6f72 2061 206d 6f64 6520 6f66 2061 2063 or a mode of a c\n+00032050: 6572 7461 696e 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 ertain number of\n+00032060: 2063 6f6c 756d 6e73 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 columns and. \n+00032070: 2020 726f 7773 2065 7869 7374 696e 6720 rows existing \n+00032080: 6f6e 2061 6c6c 2066 6972 6d77 6172 6573 on all firmwares\n+00032090: 2c20 6578 6365 7074 2066 6f72 206d 6f64 , except for mod\n+000320a0: 6520 302e 0a0a 2020 2020 204e 6f74 653a e 0... Note:\n+000320b0: 2054 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 This command is\n+000320c0: 206f 6e6c 7920 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 only available \n+000320d0: 6f6e 2045 4649 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 on EFI platforms\n+000320e0: 2061 6e64 2069 730a 2020 2020 2073 696d and is. sim\n+000320f0: 696c 6172 2074 6f20 4546 4920 7368 656c ilar to EFI shel\n+00032100: 6c20 226d 6f64 6522 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 l \"mode\" command\n+00032110: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n+00032120: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2065 7661 info, Node: eva\n+00032130: 6c2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6578 706f 7274 l, Next: export\n+00032140: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2065 6669 7465 7874 , Prev: efitext\n+00032150: 6d6f 6465 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 mode, Up: Comma\n+00032160: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 nd-line commands\n+00032170: 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e32 3620 6576 616c 0a2d ..17.4.26 eval.-\n+00032180: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d -----------.. --\n+00032190: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6576 616c 2073 Command: eval s\n+000321a0: 7472 696e 6720 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 2043 tring .... C\n+000321b0: 6f6e 6361 7465 6e61 7465 2061 7267 756d oncatenate argum\n+000321c0: 656e 7473 2074 6f67 6574 6865 7220 7573 ents together us\n+000321d0: 696e 6720 7369 6e67 6c65 2073 7061 6365 ing single space\n+000321e0: 2061 7320 7365 7061 7261 746f 7220 616e as separator an\n+000321f0: 640a 2020 2020 2065 7661 6c75 6174 6520 d. evaluate \n+00032200: 7265 7375 6c74 2061 7320 7365 7175 656e result as sequen\n+00032210: 6365 206f 6620 4752 5542 2063 6f6d 6d61 ce of GRUB comma\n+00032220: 6e64 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 nds.....File: gr\n+00032230: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+00032240: 6578 706f 7274 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2066 export, Next: f\n+00032250: 616c 7365 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2065 7661 alse, Prev: eva\n+00032260: 6c2c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d l, Up: Command-\n+00032270: 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 line commands..1\n+00032280: 372e 342e 3237 2065 7870 6f72 740a 2d2d 7.4.27 export.--\n+00032290: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n+000322a0: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2065 7870 6f72 - Command: expor\n+000322b0: 7420 656e 7676 6172 0a20 2020 2020 4578 t envvar. Ex\n+000322c0: 706f 7274 2074 6865 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e port the environ\n+000322d0: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 454e ment variable EN\n+000322e0: 5656 4152 2e20 2045 7870 6f72 7465 6420 VVAR. Exported \n+000322f0: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 6172 650a 2020 variables are. \n+00032300: 2020 2076 6973 6962 6c65 2074 6f20 7375 visible to su\n+00032310: 6273 6964 6961 7279 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 bsidiary configu\n+00032320: 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6573 206c 6f61 ration files loa\n+00032330: 6465 6420 7573 696e 670a 2020 2020 20e2 ded using. .\n+00032340: 8098 636f 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 e280 992e ..configfile....\n+00032350: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+00032360: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6661 6c73 nfo, Node: fals\n+00032370: 652c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6677 7365 7475 e, Next: fwsetu\n+00032380: 702c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6578 706f 7274 p, Prev: export\n+00032390: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c , Up: Command-l\n+000323a0: 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 ine commands..17\n+000323b0: 2e34 2e32 3820 6661 6c73 650a 2d2d 2d2d .4.28 false.----\n+000323c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n+000323d0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6661 6c73 650a 2020 ommand: false. \n+000323e0: 2020 2044 6f20 6e6f 7468 696e 672c 2075 Do nothing, u\n+000323f0: 6e73 7563 6365 7373 6675 6c6c 792e 2020 nsuccessfully. \n+00032400: 5468 6973 2069 7320 6d61 696e 6c79 2075 This is mainly u\n+00032410: 7365 6675 6c20 696e 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c seful in control\n+00032420: 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e73 7472 7563 7473 . constructs\n+00032430: 2073 7563 6820 6173 20e2 8098 6966 e280 such as ...if..\n+00032440: 9920 616e 6420 e280 9877 6869 6c65 e280 . and ...while..\n+00032450: 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2053 6865 6c6c 2d6c . (*note Shell-l\n+00032460: 696b 6520 7363 7269 7074 696e 673a 3a29 ike scripting::)\n+00032470: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n+00032480: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2066 7773 info, Node: fws\n+00032490: 6574 7570 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2067 6462 etup, Next: gdb\n+000324a0: 696e 666f 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2066 616c info, Prev: fal\n+000324b0: 7365 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 se, Up: Command\n+000324c0: 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a -line commands..\n+000324d0: 3137 2e34 2e32 3920 6677 7365 7475 700a 17.4.29 fwsetup.\n+000324e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n+000324f0: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6677 . -- Command: fw\n+00032500: 7365 7475 7020 5b2d 2d69 732d 7375 7070 setup [--is-supp\n+00032510: 6f72 7465 645d 0a20 2020 2020 5265 626f orted]. Rebo\n+00032520: 6f74 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 6669 726d ot into the firm\n+00032530: 7761 7265 2073 6574 7570 206d 656e 752e ware setup menu.\n+00032540: 2020 4966 20e2 8098 2d2d 6973 2d73 7570 If ...--is-sup\n+00032550: 706f 7274 6564 e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e ported... option\n+00032560: 2069 730a 2020 2020 2073 7065 6369 6669 is. specifi\n+00032570: 6564 2c20 696e 7374 6561 6420 6368 6563 ed, instead chec\n+00032580: 6b20 7768 6574 6865 7220 7468 6520 6669 k whether the fi\n+00032590: 726d 7761 7265 2073 7570 706f 7274 7320 rmware supports \n+000325a0: 6120 7365 7475 7020 6d65 6e75 0a20 2020 a setup menu. \n+000325b0: 2020 616e 6420 6578 6974 2073 7563 6365 and exit succe\n+000325c0: 7373 6675 6c6c 7920 6966 2073 6f2e 0a0a ssfully if so...\n+000325d0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+000325e0: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6764 6269 6e66 o, Node: gdbinf\n+000325f0: 6f2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6765 7474 6578 o, Next: gettex\n+00032600: 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6677 7365 7475 t, Prev: fwsetu\n+00032610: 702c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d p, Up: Command-\n+00032620: 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 line commands..1\n+00032630: 372e 342e 3330 2067 6462 696e 666f 0a2d 7.4.30 gdbinfo.-\n+00032640: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n+00032650: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2067 6462 -- Command: gdb\n+00032660: 696e 666f 0a20 2020 2020 4f75 7470 7574 info. Output\n+00032670: 2074 6578 7420 746f 2062 6520 7573 6564 text to be used\n+00032680: 2061 7320 6120 4744 4220 636f 6d6d 616e as a GDB comman\n+00032690: 6420 666f 7220 6120 4744 4220 7365 7373 d for a GDB sess\n+000326a0: 696f 6e20 7573 696e 6720 7468 650a 2020 ion using the. \n+000326b0: 2020 2067 6462 5f67 7275 6220 7363 7269 gdb_grub scri\n+000326c0: 7074 2061 6e64 2061 7474 6163 6865 6420 pt and attached \n+000326d0: 746f 2061 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 2047 5255 to a running GRU\n+000326e0: 4220 696e 7374 616e 6365 2e20 2054 6865 B instance. The\n+000326f0: 2047 4442 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d6d 616e GDB. comman\n+00032700: 6420 7468 6174 2069 7320 6f75 7470 7574 d that is output\n+00032710: 2077 696c 6c20 7465 6c6c 2047 4442 2068 will tell GDB h\n+00032720: 6f77 2074 6f20 6c6f 6164 2064 6562 7567 ow to load debug\n+00032730: 6769 6e67 2073 796d 626f 6c73 0a20 2020 ging symbols. \n+00032740: 2020 746f 2074 6865 6972 2070 726f 7065 to their prope\n+00032750: 7220 7275 6e74 696d 6520 6164 6472 6573 r runtime addres\n+00032760: 732e 2020 4375 7272 656e 746c 7920 7468 s. Currently th\n+00032770: 6973 2069 7320 6f6e 6c79 2061 7661 696c is is only avail\n+00032780: 6162 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 666f 7220 4546 able. for EF\n+00032790: 4920 706c 6174 666f 726d 732e 2020 5365 I platforms. Se\n+000327a0: 6520 7468 6520 4465 6275 6767 696e 6720 e the Debugging \n+000327b0: 696e 2074 6865 2064 6576 656c 6f70 6572 in the developer\n+000327c0: 0a20 2020 2020 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 . documentat\n+000327d0: 696f 6e20 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 ion for more inf\n+000327e0: 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c ormation.....Fil\n+000327f0: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+00032800: 6f64 653a 2067 6574 7465 7874 2c20 204e ode: gettext, N\n+00032810: 6578 743a 2067 7074 7379 6e63 2c20 2050 ext: gptsync, P\n+00032820: 7265 763a 2067 6462 696e 666f 2c20 2055 rev: gdbinfo, U\n+00032830: 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 p: Command-line \n+00032840: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e33 commands..17.4.3\n+00032850: 3120 6765 7474 6578 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 1 gettext.------\n+00032860: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n+00032870: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6765 7474 6578 7420 ommand: gettext \n+00032880: 7374 7269 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 5472 616e string. Tran\n+00032890: 736c 6174 6520 5354 5249 4e47 2069 6e74 slate STRING int\n+000328a0: 6f20 7468 6520 6375 7272 656e 7420 6c61 o the current la\n+000328b0: 6e67 7561 6765 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 nguage... Th\n+000328c0: 6520 6375 7272 656e 7420 6c61 6e67 7561 e current langua\n+000328d0: 6765 2063 6f64 6520 6973 2073 746f 7265 ge code is store\n+000328e0: 6420 696e 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6c61 6e67 d in the ...lang\n+000328f0: e280 9920 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2069 6e0a ... variable in.\n+00032900: 2020 2020 2047 5255 4227 7320 656e 7669 GRUB's envi\n+00032910: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 282a 6e6f 7465 206c ronment (*note l\n+00032920: 616e 673a 3a29 2e20 2054 7261 6e73 6c61 ang::). Transla\n+00032930: 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6573 2069 6e20 4d4f tion files in MO\n+00032940: 2066 6f72 6d61 740a 2020 2020 2061 7265 format. are\n+00032950: 2072 6561 6420 6672 6f6d 20e2 8098 6c6f read from ...lo\n+00032960: 6361 6c65 5f64 6972 e280 9920 282a 6e6f cale_dir... (*no\n+00032970: 7465 206c 6f63 616c 655f 6469 723a 3a29 te locale_dir::)\n+00032980: 2c20 7573 7561 6c6c 790a 2020 2020 20e2 , usually. .\n+00032990: 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 2f6c 6f63 ../boot/grub/loc\n+000329a0: 616c 65e2 8099 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a ale........File:\n+000329b0: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+000329c0: 653a 2067 7074 7379 6e63 2c20 204e 6578 e: gptsync, Nex\n+000329d0: 743a 2068 616c 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 t: halt, Prev: \n+000329e0: 6765 7474 6578 742c 2020 5570 3a20 436f gettext, Up: Co\n+000329f0: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 mmand-line comma\n+00032a00: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3332 2067 7074 nds..17.4.32 gpt\n+00032a10: 7379 6e63 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d sync.-----------\n+00032a20: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n+00032a30: 643a 2067 7074 7379 6e63 2064 6576 6963 d: gptsync devic\n+00032a40: 6520 5b70 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 5b2b 2f2d e [partition[+/-\n+00032a50: 5b74 7970 655d 5d5d 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 [type]]] .... \n+00032a60: 2020 4469 736b 7320 7573 696e 6720 7468 Disks using th\n+00032a70: 6520 4755 4944 2050 6172 7469 7469 6f6e e GUID Partition\n+00032a80: 2054 6162 6c65 2028 4750 5429 2061 6c73 Table (GPT) als\n+00032a90: 6f20 6861 7665 2061 206c 6567 6163 790a o have a legacy.\n+00032aa0: 2020 2020 204d 6173 7465 7220 426f 6f74 Master Boot\n+00032ab0: 2052 6563 6f72 6420 284d 4252 2920 7061 Record (MBR) pa\n+00032ac0: 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7461 626c 6520 666f rtition table fo\n+00032ad0: 7220 636f 6d70 6174 6962 696c 6974 7920 r compatibility \n+00032ae0: 7769 7468 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 4249 with the. BI\n+00032af0: 4f53 2061 6e64 2077 6974 6820 6f6c 6465 OS and with olde\n+00032b00: 7220 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 r operating syst\n+00032b10: 656d 732e 2020 5468 6520 6c65 6761 6379 ems. The legacy\n+00032b20: 204d 4252 2063 616e 206f 6e6c 790a 2020 MBR can only. \n+00032b30: 2020 2072 6570 7265 7365 6e74 2061 206c represent a l\n+00032b40: 696d 6974 6564 2073 7562 7365 7420 6f66 imited subset of\n+00032b50: 2047 5054 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2065 GPT partition e\n+00032b60: 6e74 7269 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 ntries... Th\n+00032b70: 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2070 6f70 756c is command popul\n+00032b80: 6174 6573 2074 6865 206c 6567 6163 7920 ates the legacy \n+00032b90: 4d42 5220 7769 7468 2074 6865 2073 7065 MBR with the spe\n+00032ba0: 6369 6669 6564 2050 4152 5449 5449 4f4e cified PARTITION\n+00032bb0: 0a20 2020 2020 656e 7472 6965 7320 6f6e . entries on\n+00032bc0: 2044 4556 4943 452e 2020 5570 2074 6f20 DEVICE. Up to \n+00032bd0: 7468 7265 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e73 three partitions\n+00032be0: 206d 6179 2062 6520 7573 6564 2e0a 0a20 may be used... \n+00032bf0: 2020 2020 5459 5045 2069 7320 616e 204d TYPE is an M\n+00032c00: 4252 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2074 7970 BR partition typ\n+00032c10: 6520 636f 6465 3b20 7072 6566 6978 2077 e code; prefix w\n+00032c20: 6974 6820 e280 9830 78e2 8099 2069 6620 ith ...0x... if \n+00032c30: 796f 7520 7761 6e74 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 you want to. \n+00032c40: 2065 6e74 6572 2074 6869 7320 696e 2068 enter this in h\n+00032c50: 6578 6164 6563 696d 616c 2e20 2054 6865 exadecimal. The\n+00032c60: 2073 6570 6172 6174 6f72 2062 6574 7765 separator betwe\n+00032c70: 656e 2050 4152 5449 5449 4f4e 2061 6e64 en PARTITION and\n+00032c80: 0a20 2020 2020 5459 5045 206d 6179 2062 . TYPE may b\n+00032c90: 6520 e280 982b e280 9920 746f 206d 616b e ...+... to mak\n+00032ca0: 6520 7468 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 e the partition \n+00032cb0: 6163 7469 7665 2c20 6f72 20e2 8098 2de2 active, or ...-.\n+00032cc0: 8099 2074 6f20 6d61 6b65 2069 740a 2020 .. to make it. \n+00032cd0: 2020 2069 6e61 6374 6976 653b 206f 6e6c inactive; onl\n+00032ce0: 7920 6f6e 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 y one partition \n+00032cf0: 6d61 7920 6265 2061 6374 6976 652e 2020 may be active. \n+00032d00: 4966 2062 6f74 6820 7468 6520 7365 7061 If both the sepa\n+00032d10: 7261 746f 720a 2020 2020 2061 6e64 2074 rator. and t\n+00032d20: 7970 6520 6172 6520 6f6d 6974 7465 642c ype are omitted,\n+00032d30: 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6520 7061 7274 6974 then the partit\n+00032d40: 696f 6e20 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 696e 6163 ion will be inac\n+00032d50: 7469 7665 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 tive.....File: g\n+00032d60: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+00032d70: 2068 616c 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6861 halt, Next: ha\n+00032d80: 7368 7375 6d2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6770 shsum, Prev: gp\n+00032d90: 7473 796e 632c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d tsync, Up: Comm\n+00032da0: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 and-line command\n+00032db0: 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3333 2068 616c 740a s..17.4.33 halt.\n+00032dc0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n+00032dd0: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2068 616c 7420 - Command: halt \n+00032de0: 5b2d 2d6e 6f2d 6170 6d5d 0a20 2020 2020 [--no-apm]. \n+00032df0: 5468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6861 6c74 The command halt\n+00032e00: 7320 7468 6520 636f 6d70 7574 6572 2e20 s the computer. \n+00032e10: 204f 6e20 7468 6520 6933 3836 2d70 6320 On the i386-pc \n+00032e20: 7461 7267 6574 2c20 7468 650a 2020 2020 target, the. \n+00032e30: 20e2 8098 2d2d 6e6f 2d61 706d e280 9920 ...--no-apm... \n+00032e40: 6f70 7469 6f6e 2c20 6f72 2073 686f 7274 option, or short\n+00032e50: 20e2 8098 2d6e e280 992c 2069 7320 7370 ...-n..., is sp\n+00032e60: 6563 6966 6965 642c 206e 6f20 4150 4d20 ecified, no APM \n+00032e70: 4249 4f53 2063 616c 6c20 6973 0a20 2020 BIOS call is. \n+00032e80: 2020 7065 7266 6f72 6d65 642e 2020 4f74 performed. Ot\n+00032e90: 6865 7277 6973 652c 2074 6865 2063 6f6d herwise, the com\n+00032ea0: 7075 7465 7220 6973 2073 6875 7420 646f puter is shut do\n+00032eb0: 776e 2075 7369 6e67 2041 504d 206f 6e20 wn using APM on \n+00032ec0: 7468 6174 0a20 2020 2020 7461 7267 6574 that. target\n+00032ed0: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n+00032ee0: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2068 6173 info, Node: has\n+00032ef0: 6873 756d 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2068 656c hsum, Next: hel\n+00032f00: 702c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6861 6c74 2c20 p, Prev: halt, \n+00032f10: 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e Up: Command-lin\n+00032f20: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 e commands..17.4\n+00032f30: 2e33 3420 6861 7368 7375 6d0a 2d2d 2d2d .34 hashsum.----\n+00032f40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d -----------.. --\n+00032f50: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6861 7368 7375 Command: hashsu\n+00032f60: 6d20 2d2d 6861 7368 2068 6173 6820 2d2d m --hash hash --\n+00032f70: 6b65 6570 2d67 6f69 6e67 202d 2d75 6e63 keep-going --unc\n+00032f80: 6f6d 7072 6573 7320 2d2d 6368 6563 6b20 ompress --check \n+00032f90: 6669 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 205b file. [\n+00032fa0: 2d2d 7072 6566 6978 2064 6972 5d7c 6669 --prefix dir]|fi\n+00032fb0: 6c65 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 436f 6d70 le .... Comp\n+00032fc0: 7574 6520 6f72 2076 6572 6966 7920 6669 ute or verify fi\n+00032fd0: 6c65 2068 6173 6865 732e 2020 4861 7368 le hashes. Hash\n+00032fe0: 2074 7970 6520 6973 2073 656c 6563 7465 type is selecte\n+00032ff0: 6420 7769 7468 206f 7074 696f 6e0a 2020 d with option. \n+00033000: 2020 20e2 8098 2d2d 6861 7368 e280 992e ...--hash....\n+00033010: 2020 5375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 6861 7368 Supported hash\n+00033020: 6573 2061 7265 3a20 e280 9861 646c 6572 es are: ...adler\n+00033030: 3332 e280 992c 20e2 8098 6372 6336 34e2 32..., ...crc64.\n+00033040: 8099 2c20 e280 9863 7263 3332 e280 992c .., ...crc32...,\n+00033050: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9863 7263 3332 7266 . ...crc32rf\n+00033060: 6331 3531 30e2 8099 2c20 e280 9863 7263 c1510..., ...crc\n+00033070: 3234 7266 6332 3434 30e2 8099 2c20 e280 24rfc2440..., ..\n+00033080: 986d 6434 e280 992c 20e2 8098 6d64 35e2 .md4..., ...md5.\n+00033090: 8099 2c20 e280 9872 6970 656d 6431 3630 .., ...ripemd160\n+000330a0: e280 992c 20e2 8098 7368 6131 e280 992c ..., ...sha1...,\n+000330b0: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9873 6861 3232 34e2 . ...sha224.\n+000330c0: 8099 2c20 e280 9873 6861 3235 36e2 8099 .., ...sha256...\n+000330d0: 2c20 e280 9873 6861 3531 32e2 8099 2c20 , ...sha512..., \n+000330e0: e280 9873 6861 3338 34e2 8099 2c20 e280 ...sha384..., ..\n+000330f0: 9874 6967 6572 3139 32e2 8099 2c20 e280 .tiger192..., ..\n+00033100: 9874 6967 6572 e280 992c 0a20 2020 2020 .tiger...,. \n+00033110: e280 9874 6967 6572 32e2 8099 2c20 e280 ...tiger2..., ..\n+00033120: 9877 6869 726c 706f 6f6c e280 992e 2020 .whirlpool.... \n+00033130: 4f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d2d 756e 636f Option ...--unco\n+00033140: 6d70 7265 7373 e280 9920 756e 636f 6d70 mpress... uncomp\n+00033150: 7265 7373 6573 2066 696c 6573 0a20 2020 resses files. \n+00033160: 2020 6265 666f 7265 2063 6f6d 7075 7469 before computi\n+00033170: 6e67 2068 6173 682e 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 ng hash... W\n+00033180: 6865 6e20 6c69 7374 206f 6620 6669 6c65 hen list of file\n+00033190: 7320 6973 2067 6976 656e 2c20 6861 7368 s is given, hash\n+000331a0: 206f 6620 6561 6368 2066 696c 6520 6973 of each file is\n+000331b0: 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 6420 616e 640a 2020 computed and. \n+000331c0: 2020 2070 7269 6e74 6564 2c20 666f 6c6c printed, foll\n+000331d0: 6f77 6564 2062 7920 6669 6c65 206e 616d owed by file nam\n+000331e0: 652c 2065 6163 6820 6669 6c65 206f 6e20 e, each file on \n+000331f0: 6120 6e65 7720 6c69 6e65 2e0a 0a20 2020 a new line... \n+00033200: 2020 5768 656e 206f 7074 696f 6e20 e280 When option ..\n+00033210: 982d 2d63 6865 636b e280 9920 6973 2067 .--check... is g\n+00033220: 6976 656e 2c20 6974 2070 6f69 6e74 7320 iven, it points \n+00033230: 746f 2061 2066 696c 6520 7468 6174 2063 to a file that c\n+00033240: 6f6e 7461 696e 730a 2020 2020 206c 6973 ontains. lis\n+00033250: 7420 6f66 2048 4153 4820 4e41 4d45 2070 t of HASH NAME p\n+00033260: 6169 7273 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7361 6d65 airs in the same\n+00033270: 2066 6f72 6d61 7420 6173 2075 7365 6420 format as used \n+00033280: 6279 2055 4e49 5820 e280 986d 6435 7375 by UNIX ...md5su\n+00033290: 6de2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d6d 616e m.... comman\n+000332a0: 642e 2020 4f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d2d d. Option ...--\n+000332b0: 7072 6566 6978 e280 9920 6d61 7920 6265 prefix... may be\n+000332c0: 2075 7365 6420 746f 2067 6976 6520 6469 used to give di\n+000332d0: 7265 6374 6f72 7920 7768 6572 650a 2020 rectory where. \n+000332e0: 2020 2066 696c 6573 2061 7265 206c 6f63 files are loc\n+000332f0: 6174 6564 2e20 2048 6173 6820 7665 7269 ated. Hash veri\n+00033300: 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2073 746f 7073 2061 fication stops a\n+00033310: 6674 6572 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 0a20 fter the first. \n+00033320: 2020 2020 6d69 736d 6174 6368 2077 6173 mismatch was\n+00033330: 2066 6f75 6e64 2075 6e6c 6573 7320 6f70 found unless op\n+00033340: 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d2d 6b65 6570 2d67 tion ...--keep-g\n+00033350: 6f69 6e67 e280 9920 7761 7320 6769 7665 oing... was give\n+00033360: 6e2e 2020 5468 650a 2020 2020 2065 7869 n. The. exi\n+00033370: 7420 636f 6465 20e2 8098 243f e280 9920 t code ...$?... \n+00033380: 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f20 3020 6966 2068 is set to 0 if h\n+00033390: 6173 6820 7665 7269 6669 6361 7469 6f6e ash verification\n+000333a0: 2069 7320 7375 6363 6573 7366 756c 2e20 is successful. \n+000333b0: 2049 660a 2020 2020 2069 7420 6661 696c If. it fail\n+000333c0: 732c 20e2 8098 243f e280 9920 6973 2073 s, ...$?... is s\n+000333d0: 6574 2074 6f20 6120 6e6f 6e7a 6572 6f20 et to a nonzero \n+000333e0: 7661 6c75 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 value.....File: \n+000333f0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+00033400: 3a20 6865 6c70 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2068 : help, Next: h\n+00033410: 6578 6475 6d70 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2068 exdump, Prev: h\n+00033420: 6173 6873 756d 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d ashsum, Up: Com\n+00033430: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n+00033440: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e33 3520 6865 6c70 ds..17.4.35 help\n+00033450: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 .------------.. \n+00033460: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6865 6c70 -- Command: help\n+00033470: 205b 7061 7474 6572 6e20 2e2e 2e5d 0a20 [pattern ...]. \n+00033480: 2020 2020 4469 7370 6c61 7920 6865 6c70 Display help\n+00033490: 6675 6c20 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 ful information \n+000334a0: 6162 6f75 7420 6275 696c 7469 6e20 636f about builtin co\n+000334b0: 6d6d 616e 6473 2e20 2049 6620 796f 7520 mmands. If you \n+000334c0: 646f 206e 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 7370 6563 do not. spec\n+000334d0: 6966 7920 5041 5454 4552 4e2c 2074 6869 ify PATTERN, thi\n+000334e0: 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 7368 6f77 7320 s command shows \n+000334f0: 7368 6f72 7420 6465 7363 7269 7074 696f short descriptio\n+00033500: 6e73 206f 6620 616c 6c0a 2020 2020 2061 ns of all. a\n+00033510: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 vailable command\n+00033520: 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 s... If you \n+00033530: 7370 6563 6966 7920 616e 7920 5041 5454 specify any PATT\n+00033540: 4552 4e53 2c20 6974 2064 6973 706c 6179 ERNS, it display\n+00033550: 7320 6c6f 6e67 6572 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 s longer informa\n+00033560: 7469 6f6e 2061 626f 7574 0a20 2020 2020 tion about. \n+00033570: 6561 6368 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f 6d6d each of the comm\n+00033580: 616e 6473 2077 686f 7365 206e 616d 6573 ands whose names\n+00033590: 2062 6567 696e 2077 6974 6820 7468 6f73 begin with thos\n+000335a0: 6520 5041 5454 4552 4e53 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 e PATTERNS.....F\n+000335b0: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+000335c0: 204e 6f64 653a 2068 6578 6475 6d70 2c20 Node: hexdump, \n+000335d0: 204e 6578 743a 2069 6e73 6d6f 642c 2020 Next: insmod, \n+000335e0: 5072 6576 3a20 6865 6c70 2c20 2055 703a Prev: help, Up:\n+000335f0: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f Command-line co\n+00033600: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e33 3620 mmands..17.4.36 \n+00033610: 6865 7864 756d 700a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d hexdump.--------\n+00033620: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n+00033630: 6d61 6e64 3a20 6865 7864 756d 7020 5b2d mand: hexdump [-\n+00033640: 2d73 6b69 7020 6f66 6673 6574 5d20 5b2d -skip offset] [-\n+00033650: 2d6c 656e 6774 6820 6c65 6e5d 2046 494c -length len] FIL\n+00033660: 455f 4f52 5f44 4556 4943 450a 2020 2020 E_OR_DEVICE. \n+00033670: 2053 686f 7720 7261 7720 636f 6e74 656e Show raw conten\n+00033680: 7473 206f 6620 6120 6669 6c65 206f 7220 ts of a file or \n+00033690: 6d65 6d6f 7279 2e20 2057 6865 6e20 6f70 memory. When op\n+000336a0: 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d2d 736b 6970 e280 tion ...--skip..\n+000336b0: 9920 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6769 7665 6e2c . is. given,\n+000336c0: 20e2 8098 6f66 6673 6574 e280 9920 6e75 ...offset... nu\n+000336d0: 6d62 6572 206f 6620 6279 7465 7320 6172 mber of bytes ar\n+000336e0: 6520 736b 6970 7065 6420 6672 6f6d 2074 e skipped from t\n+000336f0: 6865 2073 7461 7274 206f 6620 7468 650a he start of the.\n+00033700: 2020 2020 2064 6576 6963 6520 6f72 2066 device or f\n+00033710: 696c 6520 6769 7665 6e2e 2020 416e 6420 ile given. And \n+00033720: e280 982d 2d6c 656e 6774 68e2 8099 2061 ...--length... a\n+00033730: 6c6c 6f77 7320 7370 6563 6966 7969 6e67 llows specifying\n+00033740: 2061 206d 6178 696d 756d 0a20 2020 2020 a maximum. \n+00033750: 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 6279 7465 7320 number of bytes \n+00033760: 746f 2062 6520 7368 6f77 6e2e 0a0a 2020 to be shown... \n+00033770: 2020 2049 6620 6769 7665 6e20 7468 6520 If given the \n+00033780: 7370 6563 6961 6c20 6465 7669 6365 206e special device n\n+00033790: 616d 6564 20e2 8098 286d 656d 29e2 8099 amed ...(mem)...\n+000337a0: 2c20 7468 656e 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6f66 , then the ...of\n+000337b0: 6673 6574 e280 9920 6769 7665 6e0a 2020 fset... given. \n+000337c0: 2020 2074 6f20 e280 982d 2d73 6b69 70e2 to ...--skip.\n+000337d0: 8099 2069 7320 7472 6561 7465 6420 6173 .. is treated as\n+000337e0: 2074 6865 2061 6464 7265 7373 206f 6620 the address of \n+000337f0: 6120 6d65 6d6f 7279 206c 6f63 6174 696f a memory locatio\n+00033800: 6e20 746f 2064 756d 700a 2020 2020 2066 n to dump. f\n+00033810: 726f 6d2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 rom.....File: gr\n+00033820: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+00033830: 696e 736d 6f64 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206b insmod, Next: k\n+00033840: 6579 7374 6174 7573 2c20 2050 7265 763a eystatus, Prev:\n+00033850: 2068 6578 6475 6d70 2c20 2055 703a 2043 hexdump, Up: C\n+00033860: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d ommand-line comm\n+00033870: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e33 3720 696e ands..17.4.37 in\n+00033880: 736d 6f64 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d smod.-----------\n+00033890: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n+000338a0: 3a20 696e 736d 6f64 206d 6f64 756c 650a : insmod module.\n+000338b0: 2020 2020 2049 6e73 6572 7420 7468 6520 Insert the \n+000338c0: 6479 6e61 6d69 6320 4752 5542 206d 6f64 dynamic GRUB mod\n+000338d0: 756c 6520 6361 6c6c 6564 204d 4f44 554c ule called MODUL\n+000338e0: 452e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 E.....File: grub\n+000338f0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6b65 .info, Node: ke\n+00033900: 7973 7461 7475 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 ystatus, Next: \n+00033910: 6c69 7374 5f65 6e76 2c20 2050 7265 763a list_env, Prev:\n+00033920: 2069 6e73 6d6f 642c 2020 5570 3a20 436f insmod, Up: Co\n+00033930: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 mmand-line comma\n+00033940: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3338 206b 6579 nds..17.4.38 key\n+00033950: 7374 6174 7573 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d status.---------\n+00033960: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f --------.. -- Co\n+00033970: 6d6d 616e 643a 206b 6579 7374 6174 7573 mmand: keystatus\n+00033980: 205b 2d2d 7368 6966 745d 205b 2d2d 6374 [--shift] [--ct\n+00033990: 726c 5d20 5b2d 2d61 6c74 5d0a 2020 2020 rl] [--alt]. \n+000339a0: 2052 6574 7572 6e20 7472 7565 2069 6620 Return true if \n+000339b0: 7468 6520 5368 6966 742c 2043 6f6e 7472 the Shift, Contr\n+000339c0: 6f6c 2c20 6f72 2041 6c74 206d 6f64 6966 ol, or Alt modif\n+000339d0: 6965 7220 6b65 7973 2061 7265 2068 656c ier keys are hel\n+000339e0: 640a 2020 2020 2064 6f77 6e2c 2061 7320 d. down, as \n+000339f0: 7265 7175 6573 7465 6420 6279 206f 7074 requested by opt\n+00033a00: 696f 6e73 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 2075 ions. This is u\n+00033a10: 7365 6675 6c20 696e 2073 6372 6970 7469 seful in scripti\n+00033a20: 6e67 2c20 746f 0a20 2020 2020 616c 6c6f ng, to. allo\n+00033a30: 7720 736f 6d65 2075 7365 7220 636f 6e74 w some user cont\n+00033a40: 726f 6c20 6f76 6572 2062 6568 6176 696f rol over behavio\n+00033a50: 7572 2077 6974 686f 7574 2068 6176 696e ur without havin\n+00033a60: 6720 746f 2077 6169 7420 666f 7220 610a g to wait for a.\n+00033a70: 2020 2020 206b 6579 7072 6573 732e 0a0a keypress...\n+00033a80: 2020 2020 2043 6865 636b 696e 6720 6b65 Checking ke\n+00033a90: 7920 6d6f 6469 6669 6572 2073 7461 7475 y modifier statu\n+00033aa0: 7320 6973 206f 6e6c 7920 7375 7070 6f72 s is only suppor\n+00033ab0: 7465 6420 6f6e 2073 6f6d 6520 706c 6174 ted on some plat\n+00033ac0: 666f 726d 732e 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2069 forms.. If i\n+00033ad0: 6e76 6f6b 6564 2077 6974 686f 7574 2061 nvoked without a\n+00033ae0: 6e79 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2c20 7468 6520 ny options, the \n+00033af0: e280 986b 6579 7374 6174 7573 e280 9920 ...keystatus... \n+00033b00: 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 7265 7475 726e 730a command returns.\n+00033b10: 2020 2020 2074 7275 6520 6966 2061 6e64 true if and\n+00033b20: 206f 6e6c 7920 6966 2063 6865 636b 696e only if checkin\n+00033b30: 6720 6b65 7920 6d6f 6469 6669 6572 2073 g key modifier s\n+00033b40: 7461 7475 7320 6973 2073 7570 706f 7274 tatus is support\n+00033b50: 6564 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ed.....File: gru\n+00033b60: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206c b.info, Node: l\n+00033b70: 6973 745f 656e 762c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 ist_env, Next: \n+00033b80: 6c69 7374 5f74 7275 7374 6564 2c20 2050 list_trusted, P\n+00033b90: 7265 763a 206b 6579 7374 6174 7573 2c20 rev: keystatus, \n+00033ba0: 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e Up: Command-lin\n+00033bb0: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 e commands..17.4\n+00033bc0: 2e33 3920 6c69 7374 5f65 6e76 0a2d 2d2d .39 list_env.---\n+00033bd0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 -------------.. \n+00033be0: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6c69 7374 -- Command: list\n+00033bf0: 5f65 6e76 205b 2d2d 6669 6c65 2066 696c _env [--file fil\n+00033c00: 655d 0a20 2020 2020 4c69 7374 2061 6c6c e]. List all\n+00033c10: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2069 6e20 7468 variables in th\n+00033c20: 6520 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c e environment bl\n+00033c30: 6f63 6b20 6669 6c65 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 ock file. *Note\n+00033c40: 0a20 2020 2020 456e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e . Environmen\n+00033c50: 7420 626c 6f63 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 2020 2020 t block::... \n+00033c60: 2054 6865 20e2 8098 2d2d 6669 6c65 e280 The ...--file..\n+00033c70: 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 206f 7665 7272 6964 . option overrid\n+00033c80: 6573 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 206c es the default l\n+00033c90: 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 ocation of the. \n+00033ca0: 2020 2020 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 environment \n+00033cb0: 626c 6f63 6b2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 block.....File: \n+00033cc0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+00033cd0: 3a20 6c69 7374 5f74 7275 7374 6564 2c20 : list_trusted, \n+00033ce0: 204e 6578 743a 206c 6f61 645f 656e 762c Next: load_env,\n+00033cf0: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6c69 7374 5f65 6e76 Prev: list_env\n+00033d00: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c , Up: Command-l\n+00033d10: 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 ine commands..17\n+00033d20: 2e34 2e34 3020 6c69 7374 5f74 7275 7374 .4.40 list_trust\n+00033d30: 6564 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ed.-------------\n+00033d40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n+00033d50: 6d61 6e64 3a20 6c69 7374 5f74 7275 7374 mand: list_trust\n+00033d60: 6564 0a20 2020 2020 4c69 7374 2061 6c6c ed. List all\n+00033d70: 2070 7562 6c69 6320 6b65 7973 2074 7275 public keys tru\n+00033d80: 7374 6564 2062 7920 4752 5542 2066 6f72 sted by GRUB for\n+00033d90: 2076 616c 6964 6174 696e 6720 7369 676e validating sign\n+00033da0: 6174 7572 6573 2e0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 atures.. The\n+00033db0: 206f 7574 7075 7420 6973 2069 6e20 4750 output is in GP\n+00033dc0: 4727 7320 7634 206b 6579 2066 696e 6765 G's v4 key finge\n+00033dd0: 7270 7269 6e74 2066 6f72 6d61 7420 2869 rprint format (i\n+00033de0: 2e65 2e2c 2074 6865 206f 7574 7075 740a .e., the output.\n+00033df0: 2020 2020 206f 6620 e280 9867 7067 202d of ...gpg -\n+00033e00: 2d66 696e 6765 7270 7269 6e74 e280 9929 -fingerprint...)\n+00033e10: 2e20 2054 6865 206c 6561 7374 2073 6967 . The least sig\n+00033e20: 6e69 6669 6361 6e74 2066 6f75 7220 6279 nificant four by\n+00033e30: 7465 7320 286c 6173 740a 2020 2020 2065 tes (last. e\n+00033e40: 6967 6874 2068 6578 6164 6563 696d 616c ight hexadecimal\n+00033e50: 2064 6967 6974 7329 2063 616e 2062 6520 digits) can be \n+00033e60: 7573 6564 2061 7320 616e 2061 7267 756d used as an argum\n+00033e70: 656e 7420 746f 20e2 8098 6469 7374 7275 ent to ...distru\n+00033e80: 7374 e280 990a 2020 2020 2028 2a6e 6f74 st.... (*not\n+00033e90: 6520 6469 7374 7275 7374 3a3a 292e 2020 e distrust::). \n+00033ea0: 2a4e 6f74 6520 5573 696e 6720 6469 6769 *Note Using digi\n+00033eb0: 7461 6c20 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 3a3a tal signatures::\n+00033ec0: 2c20 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 0a20 2020 2020 , for more. \n+00033ed0: 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 6162 6f75 information abou\n+00033ee0: 7420 7573 6573 2066 6f72 2074 6865 7365 t uses for these\n+00033ef0: 206b 6579 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 keys.....File: \n+00033f00: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+00033f10: 3a20 6c6f 6164 5f65 6e76 2c20 204e 6578 : load_env, Nex\n+00033f20: 743a 206c 6f61 6466 6f6e 742c 2020 5072 t: loadfont, Pr\n+00033f30: 6576 3a20 6c69 7374 5f74 7275 7374 6564 ev: list_trusted\n+00033f40: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c , Up: Command-l\n+00033f50: 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 ine commands..17\n+00033f60: 2e34 2e34 3120 6c6f 6164 5f65 6e76 0a2d .4.41 load_env.-\n+00033f70: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n+00033f80: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6c6f . -- Command: lo\n+00033f90: 6164 5f65 6e76 205b 2d2d 6669 6c65 2066 ad_env [--file f\n+00033fa0: 696c 655d 205b 2d2d 736b 6970 2d73 6967 ile] [--skip-sig\n+00033fb0: 5d0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5b77 6869 ]. [whi\n+00033fc0: 7465 6c69 7374 6564 5f76 6172 6961 626c telisted_variabl\n+00033fd0: 655f 6e61 6d65 5d20 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 e_name] .... \n+00033fe0: 204c 6f61 6420 616c 6c20 7661 7269 6162 Load all variab\n+00033ff0: 6c65 7320 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2065 6e76 les from the env\n+00034000: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 2066 ironment block f\n+00034010: 696c 6520 696e 746f 2074 6865 0a20 2020 ile into the. \n+00034020: 2020 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 742e 2020 environment. \n+00034030: 2a4e 6f74 6520 456e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e *Note Environmen\n+00034040: 7420 626c 6f63 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 2020 2020 t block::... \n+00034050: 2054 6865 20e2 8098 2d2d 6669 6c65 e280 The ...--file..\n+00034060: 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 206f 7665 7272 6964 . option overrid\n+00034070: 6573 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 206c es the default l\n+00034080: 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 ocation of the. \n+00034090: 2020 2020 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 environment \n+000340a0: 626c 6f63 6b2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 block... The\n+000340b0: 20e2 8098 2d2d 736b 6970 2d73 6967 e280 ...--skip-sig..\n+000340c0: 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2073 6b69 7073 2073 . option skips s\n+000340d0: 6967 6e61 7475 7265 2063 6865 636b 696e ignature checkin\n+000340e0: 6720 6576 656e 2077 6865 6e20 7468 650a g even when the.\n+000340f0: 2020 2020 2076 616c 7565 206f 6620 656e value of en\n+00034100: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 vironment variab\n+00034110: 6c65 20e2 8098 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 676e le ...check_sign\n+00034120: 6174 7572 6573 e280 9920 6973 2073 6574 atures... is set\n+00034130: 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 656e 666f to. ...enfo\n+00034140: 7263 65e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6368 rce... (*note ch\n+00034150: 6563 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 3a3a eck_signatures::\n+00034160: 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 6f6e 6520 )... If one \n+00034170: 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 7661 7269 6162 6c65 or more variable\n+00034180: 206e 616d 6573 2061 7265 2070 726f 7669 names are provi\n+00034190: 6465 6420 6173 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 ded as arguments\n+000341a0: 2c20 7468 6579 2061 7265 0a20 2020 2020 , they are. \n+000341b0: 696e 7465 7270 7265 7465 6420 6173 2061 interpreted as a\n+000341c0: 2077 6869 7465 6c69 7374 206f 6620 7661 whitelist of va\n+000341d0: 7269 6162 6c65 7320 746f 206c 6f61 6420 riables to load \n+000341e0: 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 656e from the. en\n+000341f0: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 6b20 vironment block \n+00034200: 6669 6c65 2e20 2056 6172 6961 626c 6573 file. Variables\n+00034210: 2073 6574 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6669 6c65 set in the file\n+00034220: 2062 7574 206e 6f74 2070 7265 7365 6e74 but not present\n+00034230: 0a20 2020 2020 696e 2074 6865 2077 6869 . in the whi\n+00034240: 7465 6c69 7374 2061 7265 2069 676e 6f72 telist are ignor\n+00034250: 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 e280 ed... The ..\n+00034260: 982d 2d73 6b69 702d 7369 67e2 8099 206f .--skip-sig... o\n+00034270: 7074 696f 6e20 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 ption should be \n+00034280: 7573 6564 2077 6974 6820 6361 7265 2c20 used with care, \n+00034290: 616e 6420 7368 6f75 6c64 2061 6c77 6179 and should alway\n+000342a0: 730a 2020 2020 2062 6520 7573 6564 2069 s. be used i\n+000342b0: 6e20 636f 6e63 6572 7420 7769 7468 2061 n concert with a\n+000342c0: 2077 6869 7465 6c69 7374 206f 6620 6163 whitelist of ac\n+000342d0: 6365 7074 6162 6c65 2076 6172 6961 626c ceptable variabl\n+000342e0: 6573 2077 686f 7365 0a20 2020 2020 7661 es whose. va\n+000342f0: 6c75 6573 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2073 lues should be s\n+00034300: 6574 2e20 2046 6169 6c75 7265 2074 6f20 et. Failure to \n+00034310: 656d 706c 6f79 2061 2063 6172 6566 756c employ a careful\n+00034320: 6c79 2063 6f6e 7374 7275 6374 6564 0a20 ly constructed. \n+00034330: 2020 2020 7768 6974 656c 6973 7420 636f whitelist co\n+00034340: 756c 6420 7265 7375 6c74 2069 6e20 7265 uld result in re\n+00034350: 6164 696e 6720 6120 6d61 6c69 6369 6f75 ading a maliciou\n+00034360: 7320 7661 6c75 6520 696e 746f 2063 7269 s value into cri\n+00034370: 7469 6361 6c0a 2020 2020 2065 6e76 6972 tical. envir\n+00034380: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 onment variables\n+00034390: 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 6669 6c65 2c20 from the file, \n+000343a0: 7375 6368 2061 7320 7365 7474 696e 670a such as setting.\n+000343b0: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 ...check_si\n+000343c0: 676e 6174 7572 6573 3d6e 6fe2 8099 2c20 gnatures=no..., \n+000343d0: 6d6f 6469 6679 696e 6720 e280 9870 7265 modifying ...pre\n+000343e0: 6669 78e2 8099 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 2066 fix... to boot f\n+000343f0: 726f 6d20 616e 0a20 2020 2020 756e 6578 rom an. unex\n+00034400: 7065 6374 6564 206c 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 pected location \n+00034410: 6f72 206e 6f74 2061 7420 616c 6c2c 2065 or not at all, e\n+00034420: 7463 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5768 656e 2075 tc... When u\n+00034430: 7365 6420 7769 7468 2063 6172 652c 20e2 sed with care, .\n+00034440: 8098 2d2d 736b 6970 2d73 6967 e280 9920 ..--skip-sig... \n+00034450: 616e 6420 7468 6520 7768 6974 656c 6973 and the whitelis\n+00034460: 7420 656e 6162 6c65 2061 6e0a 2020 2020 t enable an. \n+00034470: 2061 646d 696e 6973 7472 6174 6f72 2074 administrator t\n+00034480: 6f20 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6520 6120 7379 o configure a sy\n+00034490: 7374 656d 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 206f 6e6c stem to boot onl\n+000344a0: 7920 7369 676e 6564 0a20 2020 2020 636f y signed. co\n+000344b0: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e73 2c20 6275 nfigurations, bu\n+000344c0: 7420 746f 2061 6c6c 6f77 2074 6865 2075 t to allow the u\n+000344d0: 7365 7220 746f 2073 656c 6563 7420 6672 ser to select fr\n+000344e0: 6f6d 2061 6d6f 6e67 206d 756c 7469 706c om among multipl\n+000344f0: 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 e. configura\n+00034500: 7469 6f6e 732c 2061 6e64 2074 6f20 656e tions, and to en\n+00034510: 6162 6c65 2022 6f6e 652d 7368 6f74 2220 able \"one-shot\" \n+00034520: 626f 6f74 2061 7474 656d 7074 7320 616e boot attempts an\n+00034530: 640a 2020 2020 2022 7361 7665 6465 6661 d. \"savedefa\n+00034540: 756c 7422 2062 6568 6176 696f 722e 2020 ult\" behavior. \n+00034550: 2a4e 6f74 6520 5573 696e 6720 6469 6769 *Note Using digi\n+00034560: 7461 6c20 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 3a3a tal signatures::\n+00034570: 2c20 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 0a20 2020 2020 , for more. \n+00034580: 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a information.....\n+00034590: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+000345a0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6c6f 6164 666f 6e74 Node: loadfont\n+000345b0: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206c 6f6f 7062 6163 , Next: loopbac\n+000345c0: 6b2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6c6f 6164 5f65 k, Prev: load_e\n+000345d0: 6e76 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 nv, Up: Command\n+000345e0: 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a -line commands..\n+000345f0: 3137 2e34 2e34 3220 6c6f 6164 666f 6e74 17.4.42 loadfont\n+00034600: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n+00034610: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n+00034620: 6c6f 6164 666f 6e74 2066 696c 6520 2e2e loadfont file ..\n+00034630: 2e0a 2020 2020 204c 6f61 6420 7370 6563 .. Load spec\n+00034640: 6966 6965 6420 666f 6e74 2066 696c 6573 ified font files\n+00034650: 2e20 2055 6e6c 6573 7320 6162 736f 6c75 . Unless absolu\n+00034660: 7465 2070 6174 686e 616d 6520 6973 2067 te pathname is g\n+00034670: 6976 656e 2c20 4649 4c45 0a20 2020 2020 iven, FILE. \n+00034680: 6973 2061 7373 756d 6564 2074 6f20 6265 is assumed to be\n+00034690: 2069 6e20 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 e280 in directory ..\n+000346a0: 9824 7072 6566 6978 2f66 6f6e 7473 e280 .$prefix/fonts..\n+000346b0: 9920 7769 7468 2073 7566 6669 7820 e280 . with suffix ..\n+000346c0: 982e 7066 32e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 6170 ..pf2.... ap\n+000346d0: 7065 6e64 6564 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 2046 pended. *Note F\n+000346e0: 6f6e 7473 3a20 5468 656d 6520 6669 6c65 onts: Theme file\n+000346f0: 2066 6f72 6d61 742e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 format.....File\n+00034700: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+00034710: 6465 3a20 6c6f 6f70 6261 636b 2c20 204e de: loopback, N\n+00034720: 6578 743a 206c 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 ext: ls, Prev: \n+00034730: 6c6f 6164 666f 6e74 2c20 2055 703a 2043 loadfont, Up: C\n+00034740: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d ommand-line comm\n+00034750: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e34 3320 6c6f ands..17.4.43 lo\n+00034760: 6f70 6261 636b 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d opback.---------\n+00034770: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n+00034780: 6d61 6e64 3a20 6c6f 6f70 6261 636b 205b mand: loopback [\n+00034790: 2d64 5d20 5b2d 445d 2064 6576 6963 6520 -d] [-D] device \n+000347a0: 6669 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 4d61 6b65 2074 file. Make t\n+000347b0: 6865 2064 6576 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 6420 he device named \n+000347c0: 4445 5649 4345 2063 6f72 7265 7370 6f6e DEVICE correspon\n+000347d0: 6420 746f 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 d to the content\n+000347e0: 7320 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6669 s of the. fi\n+000347f0: 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2069 6d61 6765 2069 lesystem image i\n+00034800: 6e20 4649 4c45 2e20 2046 6f72 2065 7861 n FILE. For exa\n+00034810: 6d70 6c65 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 mple:.. \n+00034820: 206c 6f6f 7062 6163 6b20 6c6f 6f70 3020 loopback loop0 \n+00034830: 2f70 6174 682f 746f 2f69 6d61 6765 0a20 /path/to/image. \n+00034840: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 7320 286c 6f6f ls (loo\n+00034850: 7030 292f 0a0a 2020 2020 2053 7065 6369 p0)/.. Speci\n+00034860: 6679 696e 6720 7468 6520 e280 982d 44e2 fying the ...-D.\n+00034870: 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 616c 6c6f 7773 .. option allows\n+00034880: 2074 6865 206c 6f6f 7062 6163 6b20 6669 the loopback fi\n+00034890: 6c65 2074 6f20 6265 0a20 2020 2020 7472 le to be. tr\n+000348a0: 616e 7061 7265 6e74 6c79 2064 6563 6f6d anparently decom\n+000348b0: 7072 6573 7365 6420 6966 2074 6865 7265 pressed if there\n+000348c0: 2069 7320 616e 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 is an appropria\n+000348d0: 7465 2064 6563 6f6d 7072 6573 736f 720a te decompressor.\n+000348e0: 2020 2020 206c 6f61 6465 642e 0a0a 2020 loaded... \n+000348f0: 2020 2057 6974 6820 7468 6520 e280 982d With the ...-\n+00034900: 64e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e2c 2064 656c d... option, del\n+00034910: 6574 6520 6120 6465 7669 6365 2070 7265 ete a device pre\n+00034920: 7669 6f75 736c 7920 6372 6561 7465 6420 viously created \n+00034930: 7573 696e 6720 7468 6973 0a20 2020 2020 using this. \n+00034940: 636f 6d6d 616e 642e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 command.....File\n+00034950: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+00034960: 6465 3a20 6c73 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206c de: ls, Next: l\n+00034970: 7366 6f6e 7473 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206c sfonts, Prev: l\n+00034980: 6f6f 7062 6163 6b2c 2020 5570 3a20 436f oopback, Up: Co\n+00034990: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 mmand-line comma\n+000349a0: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3434 206c 730a nds..17.4.44 ls.\n+000349b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n+000349c0: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206c 7320 5b61 7267 Command: ls [arg\n+000349d0: 202e 2e2e 5d0a 2020 2020 204c 6973 7420 ...]. List \n+000349e0: 6465 7669 6365 7320 6f72 2066 696c 6573 devices or files\n+000349f0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5769 7468 206e 6f20 ... With no \n+00034a00: 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 732c 2070 7269 6e74 arguments, print\n+00034a10: 2061 6c6c 2064 6576 6963 6573 206b 6e6f all devices kno\n+00034a20: 776e 2074 6f20 4752 5542 2e0a 0a20 2020 wn to GRUB... \n+00034a30: 2020 4966 2074 6865 2061 7267 756d 656e If the argumen\n+00034a40: 7420 6973 2061 2064 6576 6963 6520 6e61 t is a device na\n+00034a50: 6d65 2065 6e63 6c6f 7365 6420 696e 2070 me enclosed in p\n+00034a60: 6172 656e 7468 6573 6573 2028 2a6e 6f74 arentheses (*not\n+00034a70: 650a 2020 2020 2044 6576 6963 6520 7379 e. Device sy\n+00034a80: 6e74 6178 3a3a 292c 2074 6865 6e20 7072 ntax::), then pr\n+00034a90: 696e 7420 7468 6520 6e61 6d65 206f 6620 int the name of \n+00034aa0: 7468 6520 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 206f the filesystem o\n+00034ab0: 6620 7468 6174 0a20 2020 2020 6465 7669 f that. devi\n+00034ac0: 6365 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2074 6865 ce... If the\n+00034ad0: 2061 7267 756d 656e 7420 6973 2061 2064 argument is a d\n+00034ae0: 6972 6563 746f 7279 2067 6976 656e 2061 irectory given a\n+00034af0: 7320 616e 2061 6273 6f6c 7574 6520 6669 s an absolute fi\n+00034b00: 6c65 206e 616d 650a 2020 2020 2028 2a6e le name. (*n\n+00034b10: 6f74 6520 4669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 7379 ote File name sy\n+00034b20: 6e74 6178 3a3a 292c 2074 6865 6e20 6c69 ntax::), then li\n+00034b30: 7374 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 st the contents \n+00034b40: 6f66 2074 6861 740a 2020 2020 2064 6972 of that. dir\n+00034b50: 6563 746f 7279 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a ectory.....File:\n+00034b60: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+00034b70: 653a 206c 7366 6f6e 7473 2c20 204e 6578 e: lsfonts, Nex\n+00034b80: 743a 206c 736d 6f64 2c20 2050 7265 763a t: lsmod, Prev:\n+00034b90: 206c 732c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e ls, Up: Comman\n+00034ba0: 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a d-line commands.\n+00034bb0: 0a31 372e 342e 3435 206c 7366 6f6e 7473 .17.4.45 lsfonts\n+00034bc0: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n+00034bd0: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206c .. -- Command: l\n+00034be0: 7366 6f6e 7473 0a20 2020 2020 4c69 7374 sfonts. List\n+00034bf0: 206c 6f61 6465 6420 666f 6e74 732e 0a0a loaded fonts...\n+00034c00: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+00034c10: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6c73 6d6f 642c o, Node: lsmod,\n+00034c20: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6d64 3573 756d 2c20 Next: md5sum, \n+00034c30: 2050 7265 763a 206c 7366 6f6e 7473 2c20 Prev: lsfonts, \n+00034c40: 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e Up: Command-lin\n+00034c50: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 e commands..17.4\n+00034c60: 2e34 3620 6c73 6d6f 640a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .46 lsmod.------\n+00034c70: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n+00034c80: 6d61 6e64 3a20 6c73 6d6f 640a 2020 2020 mand: lsmod. \n+00034c90: 2053 686f 7720 6c69 7374 206f 6620 6c6f Show list of lo\n+00034ca0: 6164 6564 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2e0a 0a1f aded modules....\n+00034cb0: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+00034cc0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206d 6435 7375 6d2c , Node: md5sum,\n+00034cd0: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6d6f 6475 6c65 2c20 Next: module, \n+00034ce0: 2050 7265 763a 206c 736d 6f64 2c20 2055 Prev: lsmod, U\n+00034cf0: 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 p: Command-line \n+00034d00: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e34 commands..17.4.4\n+00034d10: 3720 6d64 3573 756d 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 7 md5sum.-------\n+00034d20: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n+00034d30: 6d61 6e64 3a20 6d64 3573 756d 2061 7267 mand: md5sum arg\n+00034d40: 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 416c 6961 7320 .... Alias \n+00034d50: 666f 7220 e280 9868 6173 6873 756d 202d for ...hashsum -\n+00034d60: 2d68 6173 6820 6d64 3520 6172 6720 2e2e -hash md5 arg ..\n+00034d70: 2ee2 8099 2e20 2053 6565 2063 6f6d 6d61 ..... See comma\n+00034d80: 6e64 20e2 8098 6861 7368 7375 6de2 8099 nd ...hashsum...\n+00034d90: 0a20 2020 2020 282a 6e6f 7465 2068 6173 . (*note has\n+00034da0: 6873 756d 3a3a 2920 666f 7220 6675 6c6c hsum::) for full\n+00034db0: 2064 6573 6372 6970 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f description....\n+00034dc0: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+00034dd0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206d 6f64 756c 652c , Node: module,\n+00034de0: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f Next: multiboo\n+00034df0: 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6d64 3573 756d t, Prev: md5sum\n+00034e00: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c , Up: Command-l\n+00034e10: 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 ine commands..17\n+00034e20: 2e34 2e34 3820 6d6f 6475 6c65 0a2d 2d2d .4.48 module.---\n+00034e30: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d -----------.. --\n+00034e40: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6d6f 6475 6c65 Command: module\n+00034e50: 205b 2d2d 6e6f 756e 7a69 705d 2066 696c [--nounzip] fil\n+00034e60: 6520 5b61 7267 756d 656e 7473 5d0a 2020 e [arguments]. \n+00034e70: 2020 204c 6f61 6420 6120 6d6f 6475 6c65 Load a module\n+00034e80: 2066 6f72 206d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 206b for multiboot k\n+00034e90: 6572 6e65 6c20 696d 6167 652e 2020 5468 ernel image. Th\n+00034ea0: 6520 7265 7374 206f 6620 7468 6520 6c69 e rest of the li\n+00034eb0: 6e65 2069 730a 2020 2020 2070 6173 7365 ne is. passe\n+00034ec0: 6420 7665 7262 6174 696d 2061 7320 7468 d verbatim as th\n+00034ed0: 6520 6d6f 6475 6c65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 e module command\n+00034ee0: 206c 696e 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 line.....File: \n+00034ef0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+00034f00: 3a20 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 742c 2020 4e65 : multiboot, Ne\n+00034f10: 7874 3a20 6e61 7469 7665 6469 736b 2c20 xt: nativedisk, \n+00034f20: 2050 7265 763a 206d 6f64 756c 652c 2020 Prev: module, \n+00034f30: 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 Up: Command-line\n+00034f40: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e commands..17.4.\n+00034f50: 3439 206d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 0a2d 2d2d 49 multiboot.---\n+00034f60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n+00034f70: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206d 756c -- Command: mul\n+00034f80: 7469 626f 6f74 205b 2d2d 7175 6972 6b2d tiboot [--quirk-\n+00034f90: 6261 642d 6b6c 7564 6765 5d0a 2020 2020 bad-kludge]. \n+00034fa0: 2020 2020 2020 5b2d 2d71 7569 726b 2d6d [--quirk-m\n+00034fb0: 6f64 756c 6573 2d61 6674 6572 2d6b 6572 odules-after-ker\n+00034fc0: 6e65 6c5d 2066 696c 6520 2e2e 2e0a 2020 nel] file .... \n+00034fd0: 2020 204c 6f61 6420 6120 6d75 6c74 6962 Load a multib\n+00034fe0: 6f6f 7420 6b65 726e 656c 2069 6d61 6765 oot kernel image\n+00034ff0: 2066 726f 6d20 4649 4c45 2e20 2054 6865 from FILE. The\n+00035000: 2072 6573 7420 6f66 2074 6865 206c 696e rest of the lin\n+00035010: 6520 6973 0a20 2020 2020 7061 7373 6564 e is. passed\n+00035020: 2076 6572 6261 7469 6d20 6173 2074 6865 verbatim as the\n+00035030: 20e2 809c 6b65 726e 656c 2063 6f6d 6d61 ...kernel comma\n+00035040: 6e64 2d6c 696e 65e2 809d 2e20 2041 6e79 nd-line.... Any\n+00035050: 206d 6f64 756c 6520 6d75 7374 2062 650a module must be.\n+00035060: 2020 2020 2072 656c 6f61 6465 6420 6166 reloaded af\n+00035070: 7465 7220 7573 696e 6720 7468 6973 2063 ter using this c\n+00035080: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6d6f ommand (*note mo\n+00035090: 6475 6c65 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 2053 dule::)... S\n+000350a0: 6f6d 6520 6b65 726e 656c 7320 6861 7665 ome kernels have\n+000350b0: 206b 6e6f 776e 2070 726f 626c 656d 732e known problems.\n+000350c0: 2020 596f 7520 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 7370 You need to sp\n+000350d0: 6563 6966 7920 2d71 7569 726b 2d2a 2066 ecify -quirk-* f\n+000350e0: 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6f73 652e 2020 or. those. \n+000350f0: 2d71 7569 726b 2d62 6164 2d6b 6c75 6467 -quirk-bad-kludg\n+00035100: 6520 6973 2061 2070 726f 626c 656d 2073 e is a problem s\n+00035110: 6565 6e20 696e 2073 6576 6572 616c 2070 een in several p\n+00035120: 726f 6475 6374 730a 2020 2020 2074 6861 roducts. tha\n+00035130: 7420 7468 6579 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 206c t they include l\n+00035140: 6f61 6469 6e67 206b 6c75 6467 6520 696e oading kludge in\n+00035150: 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 7769 7468 2069 formation with i\n+00035160: 6e76 616c 6964 2064 6174 6120 696e 0a20 nvalid data in. \n+00035170: 2020 2020 454c 4620 6669 6c65 2e20 2047 ELF file. G\n+00035180: 5255 4220 7072 696f 7220 746f 2030 2e39 RUB prior to 0.9\n+00035190: 3720 616e 6420 736f 6d65 2063 7573 746f 7 and some custo\n+000351a0: 6d20 6275 696c 6473 2070 7265 6665 7272 m builds preferr\n+000351b0: 6564 2045 4c46 0a20 2020 2020 696e 666f ed ELF. info\n+000351c0: 726d 6174 696f 6e20 7768 696c 6520 302e rmation while 0.\n+000351d0: 3937 2061 6e64 2047 5255 4220 3220 7573 97 and GRUB 2 us\n+000351e0: 6520 6b6c 7564 6765 2e20 2055 7365 2074 e kludge. Use t\n+000351f0: 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2074 6f0a 2020 his option to. \n+00035200: 2020 2069 676e 6f72 6520 6b6c 7564 6765 ignore kludge\n+00035210: 2e20 204b 6e6f 776e 2061 6666 6563 7465 . Known affecte\n+00035220: 6420 7379 7374 656d 733a 206f 6c64 2053 d systems: old S\n+00035230: 6f6c 6172 6973 2c20 536b 794f 532e 0a0a olaris, SkyOS...\n+00035240: 2020 2020 202d 7175 6972 6b2d 6d6f 6475 -quirk-modu\n+00035250: 6c65 732d 6166 7465 722d 6b65 726e 656c les-after-kernel\n+00035260: 2069 7320 6e65 6564 6564 2066 6f72 206b is needed for k\n+00035270: 6572 6e65 6c73 2077 6869 6368 206c 6f61 ernels which loa\n+00035280: 6420 6174 0a20 2020 2020 7265 6c61 7469 d at. relati\n+00035290: 7665 6c79 2068 6967 6820 6164 6472 6573 vely high addres\n+000352a0: 7320 652e 672e 2020 3136 4d69 4220 6d61 s e.g. 16MiB ma\n+000352b0: 726b 2061 6e64 2063 616e 2774 2063 6f70 rk and can't cop\n+000352c0: 6520 7769 7468 0a20 2020 2020 6d6f 6475 e with. modu\n+000352d0: 6c65 7320 7374 7566 6665 6420 6265 7477 les stuffed betw\n+000352e0: 6565 6e20 314d 6942 206d 6172 6b20 616e een 1MiB mark an\n+000352f0: 6420 6265 6769 6e6e 696e 6720 6f66 2074 d beginning of t\n+00035300: 6865 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e 0a20 2020 2020 he kernel.. \n+00035310: 4b6e 6f77 6e20 6166 6674 6563 7465 6420 Known afftected \n+00035320: 7379 7374 656d 733a 2056 4d57 6172 652e systems: VMWare.\n+00035330: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+00035340: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e61 7469 nfo, Node: nati\n+00035350: 7665 6469 736b 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e vedisk, Next: n\n+00035360: 6f72 6d61 6c2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6d75 ormal, Prev: mu\n+00035370: 6c74 6962 6f6f 742c 2020 5570 3a20 436f ltiboot, Up: Co\n+00035380: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 mmand-line comma\n+00035390: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3530 206e 6174 nds..17.4.50 nat\n+000353a0: 6976 6564 6973 6b0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ivedisk.--------\n+000353b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n+000353c0: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206e 6174 6976 6564 Command: natived\n+000353d0: 6973 6b0a 2020 2020 2053 7769 7463 6820 isk. Switch \n+000353e0: 6672 6f6d 2066 6972 6d77 6172 6520 6469 from firmware di\n+000353f0: 736b 2064 7269 7665 7273 2074 6f20 6e61 sk drivers to na\n+00035400: 7469 7665 206f 6e65 732e 2020 5265 616c tive ones. Real\n+00035410: 6c79 2075 7365 6675 6c0a 2020 2020 206f ly useful. o\n+00035420: 6e6c 7920 6f6e 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 nly on platforms\n+00035430: 2077 6865 7265 2062 6f74 6820 6669 726d where both firm\n+00035440: 7761 7265 2061 6e64 206e 6174 6976 6520 ware and native \n+00035450: 6469 736b 2064 7269 7665 7320 6172 650a disk drives are.\n+00035460: 2020 2020 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2e20 available. \n+00035470: 2043 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 2069 3338 362d Currently i386-\n+00035480: 7063 2c20 6933 3836 2d65 6669 2c20 6933 pc, i386-efi, i3\n+00035490: 3836 2d69 6565 6531 3237 3520 616e 640a 86-ieee1275 and.\n+000354a0: 2020 2020 2078 3836 5f36 342d 6566 692e x86_64-efi.\n+000354b0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+000354c0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e6f 726d nfo, Node: norm\n+000354d0: 616c 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6f72 6d61 al, Next: norma\n+000354e0: 6c5f 6578 6974 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e l_exit, Prev: n\n+000354f0: 6174 6976 6564 6973 6b2c 2020 5570 3a20 ativedisk, Up: \n+00035500: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d Command-line com\n+00035510: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3531 206e mands..17.4.51 n\n+00035520: 6f72 6d61 6c0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ormal.----------\n+00035530: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n+00035540: 643a 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 5b66 696c 655d d: normal [file]\n+00035550: 0a20 2020 2020 456e 7465 7220 6e6f 726d . Enter norm\n+00035560: 616c 206d 6f64 6520 616e 6420 6469 7370 al mode and disp\n+00035570: 6c61 7920 7468 6520 4752 5542 206d 656e lay the GRUB men\n+00035580: 752e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6e20 6e6f 726d u... In norm\n+00035590: 616c 206d 6f64 652c 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 al mode, command\n+000355a0: 732c 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 6d6f s, filesystem mo\n+000355b0: 6475 6c65 732c 2061 6e64 2063 7279 7074 dules, and crypt\n+000355c0: 6f67 7261 7068 790a 2020 2020 206d 6f64 ography. mod\n+000355d0: 756c 6573 2061 7265 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 ules are automat\n+000355e0: 6963 616c 6c79 206c 6f61 6465 642c 2061 ically loaded, a\n+000355f0: 6e64 2074 6865 2066 756c 6c20 4752 5542 nd the full GRUB\n+00035600: 2073 6372 6970 7420 7061 7273 6572 0a20 script parser. \n+00035610: 2020 2020 6973 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 is available\n+00035620: 2e20 204f 7468 6572 206d 6f64 756c 6573 . Other modules\n+00035630: 206d 6179 2062 6520 6578 706c 6963 6974 may be explicit\n+00035640: 6c79 206c 6f61 6465 6420 7573 696e 670a ly loaded using.\n+00035650: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 696e 736d 6f64 e280 ...insmod..\n+00035660: 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2069 6e73 6d6f 643a . (*note insmod:\n+00035670: 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2061 2046 :)... If a F\n+00035680: 494c 4520 6973 2067 6976 656e 2c20 7468 ILE is given, th\n+00035690: 656e 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 7769 6c6c en commands will\n+000356a0: 2062 6520 7265 6164 2066 726f 6d20 7468 be read from th\n+000356b0: 6174 2066 696c 652e 0a20 2020 2020 4f74 at file.. Ot\n+000356c0: 6865 7277 6973 652c 2074 6865 7920 7769 herwise, they wi\n+000356d0: 6c6c 2062 6520 7265 6164 2066 726f 6d20 ll be read from \n+000356e0: e280 9824 7072 6566 6978 2f67 7275 622e ...$prefix/grub.\n+000356f0: 6366 67e2 8099 2069 6620 6974 2065 7869 cfg... if it exi\n+00035700: 7374 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6e6f sts... ...no\n+00035710: 726d 616c e280 9920 6d61 7920 6265 2063 rmal... may be c\n+00035720: 616c 6c65 6420 6672 6f6d 2077 6974 6869 alled from withi\n+00035730: 6e20 6e6f 726d 616c 206d 6f64 652c 2063 n normal mode, c\n+00035740: 7265 6174 696e 6720 6120 6e65 7374 6564 reating a nested\n+00035750: 0a20 2020 2020 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e . environmen\n+00035760: 742e 2020 4974 2069 7320 6d6f 7265 2075 t. It is more u\n+00035770: 7375 616c 2074 6f20 7573 6520 e280 9863 sual to use ...c\n+00035780: 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 65e2 8099 2028 2a6e onfigfile... (*n\n+00035790: 6f74 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 6669 6766 ote. configf\n+000357a0: 696c 653a 3a29 2066 6f72 2074 6869 732e ile::) for this.\n+000357b0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+000357c0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e6f 726d nfo, Node: norm\n+000357d0: 616c 5f65 7869 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 al_exit, Next: \n+000357e0: 7061 7274 746f 6f6c 2c20 2050 7265 763a parttool, Prev:\n+000357f0: 206e 6f72 6d61 6c2c 2020 5570 3a20 436f normal, Up: Co\n+00035800: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 mmand-line comma\n+00035810: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3532 206e 6f72 nds..17.4.52 nor\n+00035820: 6d61 6c5f 6578 6974 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d mal_exit.-------\n+00035830: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n+00035840: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206e 6f72 6d61 - Command: norma\n+00035850: 6c5f 6578 6974 0a20 2020 2020 4578 6974 l_exit. Exit\n+00035860: 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 6d6f 6465 2028 2a6e normal mode (*n\n+00035870: 6f74 6520 6e6f 726d 616c 3a3a 292e 2020 ote normal::). \n+00035880: 4966 2074 6869 7320 696e 7374 616e 6365 If this instance\n+00035890: 206f 6620 6e6f 726d 616c 206d 6f64 650a of normal mode.\n+000358a0: 2020 2020 2077 6173 206e 6f74 206e 6573 was not nes\n+000358b0: 7465 6420 7769 7468 696e 2061 6e6f 7468 ted within anoth\n+000358c0: 6572 206f 6e65 2c20 7468 656e 2072 6574 er one, then ret\n+000358d0: 7572 6e20 746f 2072 6573 6375 6520 6d6f urn to rescue mo\n+000358e0: 6465 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 de.....File: gru\n+000358f0: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2070 b.info, Node: p\n+00035900: 6172 7474 6f6f 6c2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 arttool, Next: \n+00035910: 7061 7373 776f 7264 2c20 2050 7265 763a password, Prev:\n+00035920: 206e 6f72 6d61 6c5f 6578 6974 2c20 2055 normal_exit, U\n+00035930: 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 p: Command-line \n+00035940: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e35 commands..17.4.5\n+00035950: 3320 7061 7274 746f 6f6c 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 3 parttool.-----\n+00035960: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d -----------.. --\n+00035970: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 7061 7274 746f Command: partto\n+00035980: 6f6c 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2063 6f6d ol partition com\n+00035990: 6d61 6e64 730a 2020 2020 204d 616b 6520 mands. Make \n+000359a0: 7661 7269 6f75 7320 6d6f 6469 6669 6361 various modifica\n+000359b0: 7469 6f6e 7320 746f 2070 6172 7469 7469 tions to partiti\n+000359c0: 6f6e 2074 6162 6c65 2065 6e74 7269 6573 on table entries\n+000359d0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4561 6368 2043 4f4d ... Each COM\n+000359e0: 4d41 4e44 2069 7320 6569 7468 6572 2061 MAND is either a\n+000359f0: 2062 6f6f 6c65 616e 206f 7074 696f 6e2c boolean option,\n+00035a00: 2069 6e20 7768 6963 6820 6361 7365 2069 in which case i\n+00035a10: 7420 6d75 7374 2062 650a 2020 2020 2066 t must be. f\n+00035a20: 6f6c 6c6f 7765 6420 7769 7468 20e2 8098 ollowed with ...\n+00035a30: 2be2 8099 206f 7220 e280 982d e280 9920 +... or ...-... \n+00035a40: 2877 6974 6820 6e6f 2069 6e74 6572 7665 (with no interve\n+00035a50: 6e69 6e67 2073 7061 6365 2920 746f 2065 ning space) to e\n+00035a60: 6e61 626c 6520 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 6469 nable or. di\n+00035a70: 7361 626c 6520 7468 6174 206f 7074 696f sable that optio\n+00035a80: 6e2c 206f 7220 656c 7365 2069 7420 7461 n, or else it ta\n+00035a90: 6b65 7320 6120 7661 6c75 6520 696e 2074 kes a value in t\n+00035aa0: 6865 2066 6f72 6d0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 he form. ...\n+00035ab0: 434f 4d4d 414e 443d 5641 4c55 45e2 8099 COMMAND=VALUE...\n+00035ac0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4375 7272 656e 746c ... Currentl\n+00035ad0: 792c 20e2 8098 7061 7274 746f 6f6c e280 y, ...parttool..\n+00035ae0: 9920 6973 206f 6e6c 7920 7573 6566 756c . is only useful\n+00035af0: 206f 6e20 444f 5320 7061 7274 6974 696f on DOS partitio\n+00035b00: 6e20 7461 626c 6573 2028 616c 736f 0a20 n tables (also. \n+00035b10: 2020 2020 6b6e 6f77 6e20 6173 204d 6173 known as Mas\n+00035b20: 7465 7220 426f 6f74 2052 6563 6f72 642c ter Boot Record,\n+00035b30: 206f 7220 4d42 5229 2e20 4f6e 2074 6865 or MBR). On the\n+00035b40: 7365 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2074 6162 se partition tab\n+00035b50: 6c65 732c 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 666f les,. the fo\n+00035b60: 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 llowing commands\n+00035b70: 2061 7265 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 3a0a are available:.\n+00035b80: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9862 6f6f 74e2 8099 . ...boot...\n+00035b90: 2028 626f 6f6c 6561 6e29 0a20 2020 2020 (boolean). \n+00035ba0: 2020 2020 2057 6865 6e20 656e 6162 6c65 When enable\n+00035bb0: 642c 2074 6869 7320 6d61 6b65 7320 7468 d, this makes th\n+00035bc0: 6520 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2070 6172 7469 e selected parti\n+00035bd0: 7469 6f6e 2062 6520 7468 6520 6163 7469 tion be the acti\n+00035be0: 7665 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 626f ve. (bo\n+00035bf0: 6f74 6162 6c65 2920 7061 7274 6974 696f otable) partitio\n+00035c00: 6e20 6f6e 2069 7473 2064 6973 6b2c 2063 n on its disk, c\n+00035c10: 6c65 6172 696e 6720 7468 6520 6163 7469 learing the acti\n+00035c20: 7665 2066 6c61 6720 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 ve flag on. \n+00035c30: 2020 2020 2061 6c6c 206f 7468 6572 2070 all other p\n+00035c40: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 5468 6973 artitions. This\n+00035c50: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 6c69 6d69 command is limi\n+00035c60: 7465 6420 746f 205f 7072 696d 6172 795f ted to _primary_\n+00035c70: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 6172 7469 . parti\n+00035c80: 7469 6f6e 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 tions... ...\n+00035c90: 7479 7065 e280 9920 2876 616c 7565 290a type... (value).\n+00035ca0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4368 616e 6765 Change\n+00035cb0: 2074 6865 2074 7970 6520 6f66 2061 6e20 the type of an \n+00035cc0: 6578 6973 7469 6e67 2070 6172 7469 7469 existing partiti\n+00035cd0: 6f6e 2e20 2054 6865 2076 616c 7565 206d on. The value m\n+00035ce0: 7573 7420 6265 2061 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ust be a. \n+00035cf0: 2020 206e 756d 6265 7220 696e 2074 6865 number in the\n+00035d00: 2072 616e 6765 2030 2d30 7846 4620 2870 range 0-0xFF (p\n+00035d10: 7265 6669 7820 7769 7468 20e2 8098 3078 refix with ...0x\n+00035d20: e280 9920 746f 2065 6e74 6572 2069 7420 ... to enter it \n+00035d30: 696e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2068 6578 in. hex\n+00035d40: 6164 6563 696d 616c 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 adecimal)... \n+00035d50: 20e2 8098 6869 6464 656e e280 9920 2862 ...hidden... (b\n+00035d60: 6f6f 6c65 616e 290a 2020 2020 2020 2020 oolean). \n+00035d70: 2020 5768 656e 2065 6e61 626c 6564 2c20 When enabled, \n+00035d80: 7468 6973 2068 6964 6573 2074 6865 2073 this hides the s\n+00035d90: 656c 6563 7465 6420 7061 7274 6974 696f elected partitio\n+00035da0: 6e20 6279 2073 6574 7469 6e67 2074 6865 n by setting the\n+00035db0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 20e2 809c 6869 . ...hi\n+00035dc0: 6464 656e e280 9d20 6269 7420 696e 2069 dden... bit in i\n+00035dd0: 7473 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2074 7970 ts partition typ\n+00035de0: 6520 636f 6465 3b20 7768 656e 2064 6973 e code; when dis\n+00035df0: 6162 6c65 642c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 abled,. \n+00035e00: 2075 6e68 6964 6573 2074 6865 2073 656c unhides the sel\n+00035e10: 6563 7465 6420 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 ected partition \n+00035e20: 6279 2063 6c65 6172 696e 6720 7468 6973 by clearing this\n+00035e30: 2062 6974 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 0a20 bit. This is. \n+00035e40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2075 7365 6675 6c20 useful \n+00035e50: 6f6e 6c79 2077 6865 6e20 626f 6f74 696e only when bootin\n+00035e60: 6720 444f 5320 6f72 2057 696e 646f 7773 g DOS or Windows\n+00035e70: 2061 6e64 206d 756c 7469 706c 6520 7072 and multiple pr\n+00035e80: 696d 6172 790a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 imary. \n+00035e90: 4641 5420 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e73 2065 FAT partitions e\n+00035ea0: 7869 7374 2069 6e20 6f6e 6520 6469 736b xist in one disk\n+00035eb0: 2e20 2053 6565 2061 6c73 6f20 2a6e 6f74 . See also *not\n+00035ec0: 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 444f 532f e. DOS/\n+00035ed0: 5769 6e64 6f77 733a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 Windows::.....Fi\n+00035ee0: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n+00035ef0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 7061 7373 776f 7264 2c20 Node: password, \n+00035f00: 204e 6578 743a 2070 6173 7377 6f72 645f Next: password_\n+00035f10: 7062 6b64 6632 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2070 pbkdf2, Prev: p\n+00035f20: 6172 7474 6f6f 6c2c 2020 5570 3a20 436f arttool, Up: Co\n+00035f30: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 mmand-line comma\n+00035f40: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3534 2070 6173 nds..17.4.54 pas\n+00035f50: 7377 6f72 640a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d sword.----------\n+00035f60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n+00035f70: 616e 643a 2070 6173 7377 6f72 6420 7573 and: password us\n+00035f80: 6572 2063 6c65 6172 2d70 6173 7377 6f72 er clear-passwor\n+00035f90: 640a 2020 2020 2044 6566 696e 6520 6120 d. Define a \n+00035fa0: 7573 6572 206e 616d 6564 2055 5345 5220 user named USER \n+00035fb0: 7769 7468 2070 6173 7377 6f72 6420 434c with password CL\n+00035fc0: 4541 522d 5041 5353 574f 5244 2e20 202a EAR-PASSWORD. *\n+00035fd0: 4e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 5365 6375 7269 Note. Securi\n+00035fe0: 7479 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 ty::.....File: g\n+00035ff0: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+00036000: 2070 6173 7377 6f72 645f 7062 6b64 6632 password_pbkdf2\n+00036010: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f , Next: plainmo\n+00036020: 756e 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7061 7373 unt, Prev: pass\n+00036030: 776f 7264 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 word, Up: Comma\n+00036040: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 nd-line commands\n+00036050: 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e35 3520 7061 7373 776f ..17.4.55 passwo\n+00036060: 7264 5f70 626b 6466 320a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d rd_pbkdf2.------\n+00036070: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00036080: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n+00036090: 7061 7373 776f 7264 5f70 626b 6466 3220 password_pbkdf2 \n+000360a0: 7573 6572 2068 6173 6865 642d 7061 7373 user hashed-pass\n+000360b0: 776f 7264 0a20 2020 2020 4465 6669 6e65 word. Define\n+000360c0: 2061 2075 7365 7220 6e61 6d65 6420 5553 a user named US\n+000360d0: 4552 2077 6974 6820 7061 7373 776f 7264 ER with password\n+000360e0: 2068 6173 6820 4841 5348 4544 2d50 4153 hash HASHED-PAS\n+000360f0: 5357 4f52 442e 2020 5573 650a 2020 2020 SWORD. Use. \n+00036100: 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b70 6173 7377 ...grub-mkpassw\n+00036110: 642d 7062 6b64 6632 e280 9920 282a 6e6f d-pbkdf2... (*no\n+00036120: 7465 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 te Invoking grub\n+00036130: 2d6d 6b70 6173 7377 642d 7062 6b64 6632 -mkpasswd-pbkdf2\n+00036140: 3a3a 2920 746f 0a20 2020 2020 6765 6e65 ::) to. gene\n+00036150: 7261 7465 2070 6173 7377 6f72 6420 6861 rate password ha\n+00036160: 7368 6573 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 2053 6563 shes. *Note Sec\n+00036170: 7572 6974 793a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 urity::.....File\n+00036180: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+00036190: 6465 3a20 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 2c20 de: plainmount, \n+000361a0: 204e 6578 743a 2070 6c61 792c 2020 5072 Next: play, Pr\n+000361b0: 6576 3a20 7061 7373 776f 7264 5f70 626b ev: password_pbk\n+000361c0: 6466 322c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e df2, Up: Comman\n+000361d0: 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a d-line commands.\n+000361e0: 0a31 372e 342e 3536 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f .17.4.56 plainmo\n+000361f0: 756e 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d unt.------------\n+00036200: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n+00036210: 616e 643a 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f 756e 7420 and: plainmount \n+00036220: 6465 7669 6365 202d 6320 6369 7068 6572 device -c cipher\n+00036230: 202d 7320 6b65 7920 7369 7a65 205b 2d68 -s key size [-h\n+00036240: 2068 6173 685d 0a20 2020 2020 5be2 8098 hash]. [...\n+00036250: 2d53 e280 9920 7365 6374 6f72 2073 697a -S... sector siz\n+00036260: 655d 205b e280 982d 70e2 8099 2070 6173 e] [...-p... pas\n+00036270: 7377 6f72 645d 205b e280 982d 75e2 8099 sword] [...-u...\n+00036280: 2075 7569 645d 205b 5be2 8098 2d64 e280 uuid] [[...-d..\n+00036290: 9920 6b65 7966 696c 655d 0a20 2020 2020 . keyfile]. \n+000362a0: 5be2 8098 2d4f e280 9920 6b65 7966 696c [...-O... keyfil\n+000362b0: 6520 6f66 6673 6574 5d5d 0a0a 2020 2020 e offset]].. \n+000362c0: 2053 6574 7570 2061 6363 6573 7320 746f Setup access to\n+000362d0: 2074 6865 2065 6e63 7279 7074 6564 2064 the encrypted d\n+000362e0: 6576 6963 6520 696e 2070 6c61 696e 206d evice in plain m\n+000362f0: 6f64 652e 2020 4f66 6673 6574 206f 6620 ode. Offset of \n+00036300: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2065 6e63 7279 7074 the. encrypt\n+00036310: 6564 2064 6174 6120 6174 2074 6865 2064 ed data at the d\n+00036320: 6576 6963 6520 6973 2073 7065 6369 6669 evice is specifi\n+00036330: 6564 2069 6e20 7465 726d 7320 6f66 2035 ed in terms of 5\n+00036340: 3132 2062 7974 650a 2020 2020 2073 6563 12 byte. sec\n+00036350: 746f 7273 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 2062 tors using the b\n+00036360: 6c6f 636b 6c69 7374 2073 796e 7461 7820 locklist syntax \n+00036370: 616e 6420 6c6f 6f70 6261 636b 2064 6576 and loopback dev\n+00036380: 6963 652e 2020 5468 650a 2020 2020 2066 ice. The. f\n+00036390: 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 ollowing example\n+000363a0: 2073 686f 7773 2068 6f77 2074 6f20 7370 shows how to sp\n+000363b0: 6563 6966 7920 314d 6942 206f 6666 7365 ecify 1MiB offse\n+000363c0: 743a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6c6f t:.. lo\n+000363d0: 6f70 6261 636b 206e 6f64 6520 2868 6430 opback node (hd0\n+000363e0: 2c67 7074 3129 3230 3438 2b0a 2020 2020 ,gpt1)2048+. \n+000363f0: 2020 2020 2020 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 plainmount\n+00036400: 206e 6f64 6520 2e2e 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 node ..... \n+00036410: 5468 6520 e280 9870 6c61 696e 6d6f 756e The ...plainmoun\n+00036420: 74e2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2063 616e t... command can\n+00036430: 2062 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f20 6f70 656e be used to open\n+00036440: 204c 554b 5320 656e 6372 7970 7465 6420 LUKS encrypted \n+00036450: 766f 6c75 6d65 0a20 2020 2020 6966 2069 volume. if i\n+00036460: 7473 206d 6173 7465 7220 6b65 7920 616e ts master key an\n+00036470: 6420 7061 7261 6d65 7465 7273 2028 6b65 d parameters (ke\n+00036480: 7920 7369 7a65 2c20 6369 7068 6572 2c20 y size, cipher, \n+00036490: 6f66 6673 6574 2c20 6574 6329 0a20 2020 offset, etc). \n+000364a0: 2020 6172 6520 6b6e 6f77 6e2e 0a0a 2020 are known... \n+000364b0: 2020 2054 6865 7265 2061 7265 2074 776f There are two\n+000364c0: 2077 6179 7320 746f 2073 7065 6369 6679 ways to specify\n+000364d0: 2061 2070 6173 7377 6f72 643a 2061 206b a password: a k\n+000364e0: 6579 6669 6c65 2061 6e64 2061 2073 6563 eyfile and a sec\n+000364f0: 7265 740a 2020 2020 2070 6173 7370 6872 ret. passphr\n+00036500: 6173 652e 2020 5468 6520 6b65 7966 696c ase. The keyfil\n+00036510: 6520 7061 7468 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 e path parameter\n+00036520: 2068 6173 2068 6967 6865 7220 7072 696f has higher prio\n+00036530: 7269 7479 2074 6861 6e0a 2020 2020 2074 rity than. t\n+00036540: 6865 2073 6563 7265 7420 7061 7373 7068 he secret passph\n+00036550: 7261 7365 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 2061 rase parameter a\n+00036560: 6e64 2069 7320 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 nd is specified \n+00036570: 7769 7468 2074 6865 206f 7074 696f 6e0a with the option.\n+00036580: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2d64 e280 992e 2020 ...-d.... \n+00036590: 5061 7373 776f 7264 2064 6174 6120 6f62 Password data ob\n+000365a0: 7461 696e 6564 2066 726f 6d20 6b65 7966 tained from keyf\n+000365b0: 696c 6573 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 6861 7368 iles is not hash\n+000365c0: 6564 2061 6e64 2069 730a 2020 2020 2075 ed and is. u\n+000365d0: 7365 6420 6469 7265 6374 6c79 2061 7320 sed directly as \n+000365e0: 6120 6369 7068 6572 206b 6579 2e20 2041 a cipher key. A\n+000365f0: 6e20 6f70 7469 6f6e 616c 206f 6666 7365 n optional offse\n+00036600: 7420 6f66 2070 6173 7377 6f72 6420 6461 t of password da\n+00036610: 7461 0a20 2020 2020 696e 2074 6865 206b ta. in the k\n+00036620: 6579 6669 6c65 2063 616e 2062 6520 7370 eyfile can be sp\n+00036630: 6563 6966 6965 6420 7769 7468 2074 6865 ecified with the\n+00036640: 206f 7074 696f 6e20 e280 982d 4fe2 8099 option ...-O...\n+00036650: 206f 7220 6469 7265 6374 6c79 0a20 2020 or directly. \n+00036660: 2020 7769 7468 2074 6865 206f 7074 696f with the optio\n+00036670: 6e20 e280 982d 64e2 8099 2061 6e64 2047 n ...-d... and G\n+00036680: 5255 4220 626c 6f63 6b6c 6973 7420 7379 RUB blocklist sy\n+00036690: 6e74 6178 2c20 6966 2074 6865 206b 6579 ntax, if the key\n+000366a0: 6669 6c65 2064 6174 610a 2020 2020 2063 file data. c\n+000366b0: 616e 2062 6520 6163 6365 7373 6564 2066 an be accessed f\n+000366c0: 726f 6d20 6120 6465 7669 6365 2061 6e64 rom a device and\n+000366d0: 2069 7320 3531 3220 6279 7465 2061 6c69 is 512 byte ali\n+000366e0: 676e 6564 2e20 2054 6865 0a20 2020 2020 gned. The. \n+000366f0: 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6578 616d 706c following exampl\n+00036700: 6520 7368 6f77 7320 626f 7468 206d 6574 e shows both met\n+00036710: 686f 6473 2074 6f20 7370 6563 6966 7920 hods to specify \n+00036720: 7061 7373 776f 7264 2064 6174 6120 696e password data in\n+00036730: 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 6b65 7966 696c . the keyfil\n+00036740: 6520 6174 206f 6666 7365 7420 314d 6942 e at offset 1MiB\n+00036750: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 6c61 :.. pla\n+00036760: 696e 6d6f 756e 7420 2d64 2028 6864 302c inmount -d (hd0,\n+00036770: 6770 7431 2932 3034 382b 202e 2e2e 0a20 gpt1)2048+ .... \n+00036780: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f plainmo\n+00036790: 756e 7420 2d64 2028 6864 302c 6770 7431 unt -d (hd0,gpt1\n+000367a0: 292b 202d 4f20 3130 3438 3537 3620 2e2e )+ -O 1048576 ..\n+000367b0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 206e 6f20 6b65 ... If no ke\n+000367c0: 7966 696c 6520 6973 2073 7065 6369 6669 yfile is specifi\n+000367d0: 6564 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6520 7061 7373 ed then the pass\n+000367e0: 776f 7264 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 2074 word is set to t\n+000367f0: 6865 2073 7472 696e 670a 2020 2020 2073 he string. s\n+00036800: 7065 6369 6669 6564 2062 7920 6f70 7469 pecified by opti\n+00036810: 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d70 e280 9920 6f72 2069 on ...-p... or i\n+00036820: 7320 7265 7175 6573 7465 6420 696e 7465 s requested inte\n+00036830: 7261 6374 6976 656c 7920 6672 6f6d 2074 ractively from t\n+00036840: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e73 6f6c 652e he. console.\n+00036850: 2020 496e 2062 6f74 6820 6361 7365 7320 In both cases \n+00036860: 7468 6520 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2070 6173 the provided pas\n+00036870: 7377 6f72 6420 6973 2068 6173 6865 6420 sword is hashed \n+00036880: 7769 7468 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 616c with the. al\n+00036890: 676f 7269 7468 6d20 7370 6563 6966 6965 gorithm specifie\n+000368a0: 6420 6279 2074 6865 206f 7074 696f 6e20 d by the option \n+000368b0: e280 982d 68e2 8099 2e20 2054 6869 7320 ...-h.... This \n+000368c0: 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 6d61 6e64 6174 option is mandat\n+000368d0: 6f72 790a 2020 2020 2069 6620 6e6f 206b ory. if no k\n+000368e0: 6579 6669 6c65 2069 7320 7370 6563 6966 eyfile is specif\n+000368f0: 6965 642c 2062 7574 2069 7420 6361 6e20 ied, but it can \n+00036900: 6265 2073 6574 2074 6f20 e280 9870 6c61 be set to ...pla\n+00036910: 696e e280 9920 7768 6963 680a 2020 2020 in... which. \n+00036920: 206d 6561 6e73 2074 6861 7420 6e6f 2068 means that no h\n+00036930: 6173 6869 6e67 2069 7320 646f 6e65 2061 ashing is done a\n+00036940: 6e64 2073 7563 6820 7061 7373 776f 7264 nd such password\n+00036950: 2069 7320 7573 6564 2064 6972 6563 746c is used directl\n+00036960: 7920 6173 0a20 2020 2020 6120 6b65 792e y as. a key.\n+00036970: 0a0a 2020 2020 2043 6970 6865 7220 e280 .. Cipher ..\n+00036980: 982d 63e2 8099 2061 6e64 206b 6579 7369 .-c... and keysi\n+00036990: 7a65 20e2 8098 2d73 e280 9920 6f70 7469 ze ...-s... opti\n+000369a0: 6f6e 7320 7370 6563 6966 7920 7468 6520 ons specify the \n+000369b0: 6369 7068 6572 2061 6c67 6f72 6974 686d cipher algorithm\n+000369c0: 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 7468 6520 6b65 . and the ke\n+000369d0: 7920 7369 7a65 2072 6573 7065 6374 6976 y size respectiv\n+000369e0: 656c 7920 616e 6420 6172 6520 6d61 6e64 ely and are mand\n+000369f0: 6174 6f72 7920 6f70 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 atory options. \n+00036a00: 4369 7068 6572 0a20 2020 2020 6d75 7374 Cipher. must\n+00036a10: 2062 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 7769 be specified wi\n+00036a20: 7468 2074 6865 206d 6f64 6520 7365 7061 th the mode sepa\n+00036a30: 7261 7465 6420 6279 2061 2064 6173 6820 rated by a dash \n+00036a40: 2866 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c0a 2020 (for example,. \n+00036a50: 2020 20e2 8098 6165 732d 7874 732d 706c ...aes-xts-pl\n+00036a60: 6169 6e36 34e2 8099 292e 2020 4b65 7920 ain64...). Key \n+00036a70: 7369 7a65 206f 7074 696f 6e20 e280 982d size option ...-\n+00036a80: 73e2 8099 2069 7320 7468 6520 6b65 7920 s... is the key \n+00036a90: 7369 7a65 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 size of the. \n+00036aa0: 2063 6970 6865 7220 696e 2062 6974 732c cipher in bits,\n+00036ab0: 206e 6f74 2074 6f20 6265 2063 6f6e 6675 not to be confu\n+00036ac0: 7365 6420 7769 7468 2074 6865 206f 6666 sed with the off\n+00036ad0: 7365 7420 6f66 2074 6865 206b 6579 2064 set of the key d\n+00036ae0: 6174 610a 2020 2020 2069 6e20 6120 6b65 ata. in a ke\n+00036af0: 7966 696c 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 yfile specified \n+00036b00: 7769 7468 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2d4f e280 with the ...-O..\n+00036b10: 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2e20 2049 7420 6d75 . option. It mu\n+00036b20: 7374 206e 6f74 2065 7863 6565 640a 2020 st not exceed. \n+00036b30: 2020 2031 3032 3420 6269 7473 2c20 736f 1024 bits, so\n+00036b40: 2061 2033 3220 6279 7465 206b 6579 2077 a 32 byte key w\n+00036b50: 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 ould be specifie\n+00036b60: 6420 6173 2032 3536 2062 6974 730a 0a20 d as 256 bits.. \n+00036b70: 2020 2020 5468 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e 616c The optional\n+00036b80: 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 20e2 8098 2d53 parameter ...-S\n+00036b90: e280 9920 7370 6563 6966 6965 7320 656e ... specifies en\n+00036ba0: 6372 7970 7465 6420 6465 7669 6365 2073 crypted device s\n+00036bb0: 6563 746f 7220 7369 7a65 2e0a 2020 2020 ector size.. \n+00036bc0: 2049 7420 6d75 7374 2062 6520 6174 206c It must be at l\n+00036bd0: 6561 7374 2035 3132 2062 7974 6573 206c east 512 bytes l\n+00036be0: 6f6e 6720 2864 6566 6175 6c74 2076 616c ong (default val\n+00036bf0: 7565 2920 616e 6420 6120 706f 7765 7220 ue) and a power \n+00036c00: 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 322e 2020 2831 2920 of. 2. (1) \n+00036c10: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 (*note plainmou\n+00036c20: 6e74 2d46 6f6f 746e 6f74 652d 313a 3a29 nt-Footnote-1::)\n+00036c30: 2e20 2044 6973 6b20 7365 6374 6f72 2073 . Disk sector s\n+00036c40: 697a 6520 6973 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e66 ize is. conf\n+00036c50: 6967 7572 6564 2077 6865 6e20 6372 6561 igured when crea\n+00036c60: 7469 6e67 2074 6865 2065 6e63 7279 7074 ting the encrypt\n+00036c70: 6564 2076 6f6c 756d 652e 2020 4174 7465 ed volume. Atte\n+00036c80: 6d70 7469 6e67 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2064 mpting to. d\n+00036c90: 6563 7279 7074 2076 6f6c 756d 6573 2077 ecrypt volumes w\n+00036ca0: 6974 6820 6120 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 ith a different \n+00036cb0: 7365 6374 6f72 2073 697a 6520 7468 616e sector size than\n+00036cc0: 2069 7420 7761 7320 6372 6561 7465 640a it was created.\n+00036cd0: 2020 2020 2077 6974 6820 7769 6c6c 206e with will n\n+00036ce0: 6f74 2072 6573 756c 7420 696e 2061 6e20 ot result in an \n+00036cf0: 6572 726f 722c 2062 7574 2077 696c 6c20 error, but will \n+00036d00: 6465 6372 7970 7420 746f 2072 616e 646f decrypt to rando\n+00036d10: 6d20 6279 7465 730a 2020 2020 2061 6e64 m bytes. and\n+00036d20: 2074 6875 7320 7072 6576 656e 7420 6163 thus prevent ac\n+00036d30: 6365 7373 696e 6720 7468 6520 766f 6c75 cessing the volu\n+00036d40: 6d65 2028 696e 2073 6f6d 6520 6361 7365 me (in some case\n+00036d50: 7320 7468 6520 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d s the filesystem\n+00036d60: 0a20 2020 2020 6472 6976 6572 2063 616e . driver can\n+00036d70: 2064 6574 6563 7420 7468 6520 7072 6573 detect the pres\n+00036d80: 656e 6365 206f 6620 6120 6669 6c65 7379 ence of a filesy\n+00036d90: 7374 656d 2c20 6275 7420 6e65 7665 7274 stem, but nevert\n+00036da0: 6865 6c65 7373 0a20 2020 2020 7769 6c6c heless. will\n+00036db0: 2072 6566 7573 6520 746f 206d 6f75 6e74 refuse to mount\n+00036dc0: 2069 7429 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4279 2064 it)... By d\n+00036dd0: 6566 6175 6c74 206e 6577 2070 6c61 696e efault new plain\n+00036de0: 6d6f 756e 7420 6465 7669 6365 7320 7769 mount devices wi\n+00036df0: 6c6c 2062 6520 6769 7665 6e20 6120 5555 ll be given a UU\n+00036e00: 4944 2073 7461 7274 696e 670a 2020 2020 ID starting. \n+00036e10: 2077 6974 6820 2731 3039 6665 6138 342d with '109fea84-\n+00036e20: 6136 6237 2d33 3461 382d 3462 6431 2d31 a6b7-34a8-4bd1-1\n+00036e30: 6335 3036 3330 3561 3430 3127 2077 6865 c506305a401' whe\n+00036e40: 7265 2074 6865 206c 6173 7420 6469 6769 re the last digi\n+00036e50: 7473 0a20 2020 2020 6172 6520 696e 6372 ts. are incr\n+00036e60: 656d 656e 7465 6420 6279 206f 6e65 2066 emented by one f\n+00036e70: 6f72 2065 6163 6820 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 or each plainmou\n+00036e80: 6e74 6564 2064 6576 6963 6520 6265 796f nted device beyo\n+00036e90: 6e64 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6669 7273 nd the. firs\n+00036ea0: 7420 7570 2074 6f20 325e 3130 2064 6576 t up to 2^10 dev\n+00036eb0: 6963 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 416c 6c20 ices... All \n+00036ec0: 656e 6372 7970 7469 6f6e 2061 7267 756d encryption argum\n+00036ed0: 656e 7473 2028 6369 7068 6572 2c20 6861 ents (cipher, ha\n+00036ee0: 7368 2c20 6b65 7920 7369 7a65 2c20 6469 sh, key size, di\n+00036ef0: 736b 206f 6666 7365 7420 616e 640a 2020 sk offset and. \n+00036f00: 2020 2064 6973 6b20 7365 6374 6f72 2073 disk sector s\n+00036f10: 697a 6529 206d 7573 7420 6d61 7463 6820 ize) must match \n+00036f20: 7468 6520 7061 7261 6d65 7465 7273 2075 the parameters u\n+00036f30: 7365 6420 746f 2063 7265 6174 6520 7468 sed to create th\n+00036f40: 650a 2020 2020 2076 6f6c 756d 652e 2020 e. volume. \n+00036f50: 4966 2061 6e79 206f 6620 7468 656d 2064 If any of them d\n+00036f60: 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 6d61 7463 6820 7468 oes not match th\n+00036f70: 6520 6163 7475 616c 2061 7267 756d 656e e actual argumen\n+00036f80: 7473 2075 7365 640a 2020 2020 2064 7572 ts used. dur\n+00036f90: 696e 6720 7468 6520 696e 6974 6961 6c20 ing the initial \n+00036fa0: 656e 6372 7970 7469 6f6e 2c20 706c 6169 encryption, plai\n+00036fb0: 6e6d 6f75 6e74 2077 696c 6c20 6372 6561 nmount will crea\n+00036fc0: 7465 2076 6972 7475 616c 0a20 2020 2020 te virtual. \n+00036fd0: 6465 7669 6365 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 device with the \n+00036fe0: 6761 7262 6167 6520 6461 7461 2061 6e64 garbage data and\n+00036ff0: 2047 5255 4220 7769 6c6c 2072 6570 6f72 GRUB will repor\n+00037000: 7420 756e 6b6e 6f77 6e0a 2020 2020 2066 t unknown. f\n+00037010: 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 666f 7220 7375 ilesystem for su\n+00037020: 6368 2064 6576 6963 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 ch device.....Fi\n+00037030: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n+00037040: 4e6f 6465 3a20 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 Node: plainmount\n+00037050: 2d46 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 2c20 2055 703a -Footnotes, Up:\n+00037060: 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f 756e 740a 0a20 2020 plainmount.. \n+00037070: 2831 2920 4375 7272 656e 7420 696d 706c (1) Current impl\n+00037080: 656d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 6372 ementation of cr\n+00037090: 7970 7473 6574 7570 2073 7570 706f 7274 yptsetup support\n+000370a0: 7320 6f6e 6c79 0a35 3132 2f31 3032 342f s only.512/1024/\n+000370b0: 3230 3438 2f34 3039 3620 6279 7465 2073 2048/4096 byte s\n+000370c0: 6563 746f 7273 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ectors....File: \n+000370d0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+000370e0: 3a20 706c 6179 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2070 : play, Next: p\n+000370f0: 726f 6265 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2070 6c61 robe, Prev: pla\n+00037100: 696e 6d6f 756e 742c 2020 5570 3a20 436f inmount, Up: Co\n+00037110: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 mmand-line comma\n+00037120: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3537 2070 6c61 nds..17.4.57 pla\n+00037130: 790a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a y.------------..\n+00037140: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2070 6c61 -- Command: pla\n+00037150: 7920 6669 6c65 207c 2074 656d 706f 205b y file | tempo [\n+00037160: 7069 7463 6831 2064 7572 6174 696f 6e31 pitch1 duration1\n+00037170: 5d20 5b70 6974 6368 3220 6475 7261 7469 ] [pitch2 durati\n+00037180: 6f6e 325d 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 506c on2] .... Pl\n+00037190: 6179 7320 6120 7475 6e65 0a0a 2020 2020 ays a tune.. \n+000371a0: 2049 6620 7468 6520 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 If the argument\n+000371b0: 2069 7320 6120 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 is a file name \n+000371c0: 282a 6e6f 7465 2046 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 (*note File name\n+000371d0: 2073 796e 7461 783a 3a29 2c20 706c 6179 syntax::), play\n+000371e0: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 7475 6e65 2072 the. tune r\n+000371f0: 6563 6f72 6465 6420 696e 2069 742e 2020 ecorded in it. \n+00037200: 5468 6520 6669 6c65 2066 6f72 6d61 7420 The file format \n+00037210: 6973 2066 6972 7374 2074 6865 2074 656d is first the tem\n+00037220: 706f 2061 7320 616e 0a20 2020 2020 756e po as an. un\n+00037230: 7369 676e 6564 2033 3262 6974 206c 6974 signed 32bit lit\n+00037240: 746c 652d 656e 6469 616e 206e 756d 6265 tle-endian numbe\n+00037250: 722c 2074 6865 6e20 7061 6972 7320 6f66 r, then pairs of\n+00037260: 2075 6e73 6967 6e65 6420 3136 6269 740a unsigned 16bit.\n+00037270: 2020 2020 206c 6974 746c 652d 656e 6469 little-endi\n+00037280: 616e 206e 756d 6265 7273 2066 6f72 2070 an numbers for p\n+00037290: 6974 6368 2061 6e64 2064 7572 6174 696f itch and duratio\n+000372a0: 6e20 7061 6972 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 n pairs... I\n+000372b0: 6620 7468 6520 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 7320 f the arguments \n+000372c0: 6172 6520 6120 7365 7269 6573 206f 6620 are a series of \n+000372d0: 6e75 6d62 6572 732c 2070 6c61 7920 7468 numbers, play th\n+000372e0: 6520 696e 6c69 6e65 2074 756e 652e 0a0a e inline tune...\n+000372f0: 2020 2020 2054 6865 2074 656d 706f 2069 The tempo i\n+00037300: 7320 7468 6520 6261 7365 2066 6f72 2061 s the base for a\n+00037310: 6c6c 206e 6f74 6520 6475 7261 7469 6f6e ll note duration\n+00037320: 732e 2020 3630 2067 6976 6573 2061 2031 s. 60 gives a 1\n+00037330: 2d73 6563 6f6e 640a 2020 2020 2062 6173 -second. bas\n+00037340: 652c 2031 3230 2067 6976 6573 2061 2068 e, 120 gives a h\n+00037350: 616c 662d 7365 636f 6e64 2062 6173 652c alf-second base,\n+00037360: 2065 7463 2e20 2050 6974 6368 6573 2061 etc. Pitches a\n+00037370: 7265 2048 7a2e 2020 5365 740a 2020 2020 re Hz. Set. \n+00037380: 2070 6974 6368 2074 6f20 3020 746f 2070 pitch to 0 to p\n+00037390: 726f 6475 6365 2061 2072 6573 742e 0a0a roduce a rest...\n+000373a0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+000373b0: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7072 6f62 652c o, Node: probe,\n+000373c0: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7264 6d73 722c 2020 Next: rdmsr, \n+000373d0: 5072 6576 3a20 706c 6179 2c20 2055 703a Prev: play, Up:\n+000373e0: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f Command-line co\n+000373f0: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e35 3820 mmands..17.4.58 \n+00037400: 7072 6f62 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d probe.----------\n+00037410: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n+00037420: 3a20 7072 6f62 6520 5b2d 2d73 6574 2076 : probe [--set v\n+00037430: 6172 5d0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2d2d ar]. --\n+00037440: 6472 6976 6572 7c2d 2d70 6172 746d 6170 driver|--partmap\n+00037450: 7c2d 2d66 737c 2d2d 6673 2d75 7569 647c |--fs|--fs-uuid|\n+00037460: 2d2d 6c61 6265 6c7c 2d2d 7061 7274 2d75 --label|--part-u\n+00037470: 7569 6420 6465 7669 6365 0a20 2020 2020 uid device. \n+00037480: 5265 7472 6965 7665 2064 6576 6963 6520 Retrieve device \n+00037490: 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e2e 2020 4966 information. If\n+000374a0: 206f 7074 696f 6e20 e280 982d 2d73 6574 option ...--set\n+000374b0: e280 9920 6973 2067 6976 656e 2c20 6173 ... is given, as\n+000374c0: 7369 676e 0a20 2020 2020 7265 7375 6c74 sign. result\n+000374d0: 2074 6f20 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2056 4152 to variable VAR\n+000374e0: 2c20 6f74 6865 7277 6973 6520 7072 696e , otherwise prin\n+000374f0: 7420 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 6f6e t information on\n+00037500: 2074 6865 2073 6372 6565 6e2e 0a0a 2020 the screen... \n+00037510: 2020 2054 6865 206f 7074 696f 6e20 e280 The option ..\n+00037520: 982d 2d70 6172 742d 7575 6964 e280 9920 .--part-uuid... \n+00037530: 6973 2063 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 206f 6e6c is currently onl\n+00037540: 7920 696d 706c 656d 656e 7465 6420 666f y implemented fo\n+00037550: 7220 4d53 444f 530a 2020 2020 2061 6e64 r MSDOS. and\n+00037560: 2047 5054 2066 6f72 6d61 7474 6564 2064 GPT formatted d\n+00037570: 6973 6b73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 isks.....File: g\n+00037580: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+00037590: 2072 646d 7372 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2072 rdmsr, Next: r\n+000375a0: 6561 642c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7072 6f62 ead, Prev: prob\n+000375b0: 652c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d e, Up: Command-\n+000375c0: 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 line commands..1\n+000375d0: 372e 342e 3539 2072 646d 7372 0a2d 2d2d 7.4.59 rdmsr.---\n+000375e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n+000375f0: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 3a20 7264 6d73 7220 Command:: rdmsr \n+00037600: 3078 4144 4452 205b 2d76 2056 4152 4e41 0xADDR [-v VARNA\n+00037610: 4d45 5d0a 2020 2020 2052 6561 6420 6120 ME]. Read a \n+00037620: 6d6f 6465 6c2d 7370 6563 6966 6963 2072 model-specific r\n+00037630: 6567 6973 7465 7220 6174 2061 6464 7265 egister at addre\n+00037640: 7373 2030 7841 4444 522e 2049 6620 7468 ss 0xADDR. If th\n+00037650: 6520 7061 7261 6d65 7465 720a 2020 2020 e parameter. \n+00037660: 20e2 8098 2d76 e280 9920 6973 2075 7365 ...-v... is use\n+00037670: 6420 616e 6420 616e 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e d and an environ\n+00037680: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 5641 ment variable VA\n+00037690: 524e 414d 4520 6973 2067 6976 656e 2c20 RNAME is given, \n+000376a0: 7365 7420 7468 6174 0a20 2020 2020 656e set that. en\n+000376b0: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 vironment variab\n+000376c0: 6c65 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 le to the value \n+000376d0: 7468 6174 2077 6173 2072 6561 642e 0a0a that was read...\n+000376e0: 2020 2020 2050 6c65 6173 6520 6e6f 7465 Please note\n+000376f0: 2074 6861 7420 6f6e 2053 4d50 2073 7973 that on SMP sys\n+00037700: 7465 6d73 2c20 7265 6164 696e 6720 6672 tems, reading fr\n+00037710: 6f6d 2061 204d 5352 2074 6861 7420 6861 om a MSR that ha\n+00037720: 7320 610a 2020 2020 2073 636f 7065 2070 s a. scope p\n+00037730: 6572 2068 6172 6477 6172 6520 7468 7265 er hardware thre\n+00037740: 6164 2c20 696d 706c 6965 7320 7468 6174 ad, implies that\n+00037750: 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 2074 6861 7420 the value that \n+00037760: 6973 2072 6574 7572 6e65 640a 2020 2020 is returned. \n+00037770: 206f 6e6c 7920 6170 706c 6965 7320 746f only applies to\n+00037780: 2074 6865 2070 6172 7469 6375 6c61 7220 the particular \n+00037790: 6370 752f 636f 7265 2f74 6872 6561 6420 cpu/core/thread \n+000377a0: 7468 6174 2072 756e 7320 7468 650a 2020 that runs the. \n+000377b0: 2020 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2e0a 0a20 2020 command... \n+000377c0: 2020 416c 736f 2c20 6966 2079 6f75 2073 Also, if you s\n+000377d0: 7065 6369 6679 2061 2072 6573 6572 7665 pecify a reserve\n+000377e0: 6420 6f72 2075 6e69 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 d or unimplement\n+000377f0: 6564 204d 5352 2061 6464 7265 7373 2c20 ed MSR address, \n+00037800: 6974 0a20 2020 2020 7769 6c6c 2063 6175 it. will cau\n+00037810: 7365 2061 2067 656e 6572 616c 2070 726f se a general pro\n+00037820: 7465 6374 696f 6e20 6578 6365 7074 696f tection exceptio\n+00037830: 6e20 2877 6869 6368 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 n (which is not \n+00037840: 6375 7272 656e 746c 790a 2020 2020 2062 currently. b\n+00037850: 6569 6e67 2068 616e 646c 6564 2920 616e eing handled) an\n+00037860: 6420 7468 6520 7379 7374 656d 2077 696c d the system wil\n+00037870: 6c20 7265 626f 6f74 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c l reboot.....Fil\n+00037880: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+00037890: 6f64 653a 2072 6561 642c 2020 4e65 7874 ode: read, Next\n+000378a0: 3a20 7265 626f 6f74 2c20 2050 7265 763a : reboot, Prev:\n+000378b0: 2072 646d 7372 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d rdmsr, Up: Com\n+000378c0: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n+000378d0: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e36 3020 7265 6164 ds..17.4.60 read\n+000378e0: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 .------------.. \n+000378f0: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 7265 6164 -- Command: read\n+00037900: 205b 2d73 5d20 5b76 6172 5d0a 2020 2020 [-s] [var]. \n+00037910: 2052 6561 6420 6120 6c69 6e65 206f 6620 Read a line of \n+00037920: 696e 7075 7420 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2075 input from the u\n+00037930: 7365 722e 2020 4966 2061 6e20 656e 7669 ser. If an envi\n+00037940: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ronment variable\n+00037950: 2056 4152 0a20 2020 2020 6973 2067 6976 VAR. is giv\n+00037960: 656e 2c20 7365 7420 7468 6174 2065 6e76 en, set that env\n+00037970: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c ironment variabl\n+00037980: 6520 746f 2074 6865 206c 696e 6520 6f66 e to the line of\n+00037990: 2069 6e70 7574 2074 6861 740a 2020 2020 input that. \n+000379a0: 2077 6173 2072 6561 642c 2077 6974 6820 was read, with \n+000379b0: 6e6f 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 7469 6e67 206e no terminating n\n+000379c0: 6577 6c69 6e65 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6520 ewline. If the \n+000379d0: 7061 7261 6d65 7465 7220 e280 982d 73e2 parameter ...-s.\n+000379e0: 8099 2069 730a 2020 2020 2075 7365 642c .. is. used,\n+000379f0: 2065 6e61 626c 6520 7369 6c65 6e74 206d enable silent m\n+00037a00: 6f64 6520 7768 6572 6520 696e 7075 7420 ode where input \n+00037a10: 6973 206e 6f74 2070 7269 6e74 6564 2074 is not printed t\n+00037a20: 6f20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2074 6572 6d69 o the. termi\n+00037a30: 6e61 6c2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 nal.....File: gr\n+00037a40: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+00037a50: 7265 626f 6f74 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2072 reboot, Next: r\n+00037a60: 6567 6578 702c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7265 egexp, Prev: re\n+00037a70: 6164 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ad, Up: Command\n+00037a80: 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a -line commands..\n+00037a90: 3137 2e34 2e36 3120 7265 626f 6f74 0a2d 17.4.61 reboot.-\n+00037aa0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 -------------.. \n+00037ab0: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 7265 626f -- Command: rebo\n+00037ac0: 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 5265 626f 6f74 2074 ot. Reboot t\n+00037ad0: 6865 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 722e 0a0a 1f0a he computer.....\n+00037ae0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+00037af0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7265 6765 7870 2c20 Node: regexp, \n+00037b00: 204e 6578 743a 2072 6d6d 6f64 2c20 2050 Next: rmmod, P\n+00037b10: 7265 763a 2072 6562 6f6f 742c 2020 5570 rev: reboot, Up\n+00037b20: 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 : Command-line c\n+00037b30: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3632 ommands..17.4.62\n+00037b40: 2072 6567 6578 700a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d regexp.--------\n+00037b50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n+00037b60: 616e 643a 2072 6567 6578 7020 5b2d 2d73 and: regexp [--s\n+00037b70: 6574 205b 6e75 6d62 6572 3a5d 7661 725d et [number:]var]\n+00037b80: 2072 6567 6578 7020 7374 7269 6e67 0a20 regexp string. \n+00037b90: 2020 2020 5465 7374 2069 6620 7265 6775 Test if regu\n+00037ba0: 6c61 7220 6578 7072 6573 7369 6f6e 2052 lar expression R\n+00037bb0: 4547 4558 5020 6d61 7463 6865 7320 5354 EGEXP matches ST\n+00037bc0: 5249 4e47 2e20 2053 7570 706f 7274 6564 RING. Supported\n+00037bd0: 0a20 2020 2020 7265 6775 6c61 7220 6578 . regular ex\n+00037be0: 7072 6573 7369 6f6e 7320 6172 6520 504f pressions are PO\n+00037bf0: 5349 582e 3220 4578 7465 6e64 6564 2052 SIX.2 Extended R\n+00037c00: 6567 756c 6172 2045 7870 7265 7373 696f egular Expressio\n+00037c10: 6e73 2e20 2049 660a 2020 2020 206f 7074 ns. If. opt\n+00037c20: 696f 6e20 e280 982d 2d73 6574 e280 9920 ion ...--set... \n+00037c30: 6973 2067 6976 656e 2c20 7374 6f72 6520 is given, store \n+00037c40: 4e55 4d42 4552 7468 206d 6174 6368 6564 NUMBERth matched\n+00037c50: 2073 7562 6578 7072 6573 7369 6f6e 2069 subexpression i\n+00037c60: 6e0a 2020 2020 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 n. variable \n+00037c70: 5641 522e 2020 5375 6265 7870 7265 7373 VAR. Subexpress\n+00037c80: 696f 6e73 2061 7265 206e 756d 6265 7265 ions are numbere\n+00037c90: 6420 696e 206f 7264 6572 206f 6620 7468 d in order of th\n+00037ca0: 6569 720a 2020 2020 206f 7065 6e69 6e67 eir. opening\n+00037cb0: 2070 6172 656e 7468 6573 6573 2073 7461 parentheses sta\n+00037cc0: 7274 696e 6720 6672 6f6d 20e2 8098 31e2 rting from ...1.\n+00037cd0: 8099 2e20 204e 554d 4245 5220 6465 6661 ... NUMBER defa\n+00037ce0: 756c 7473 2074 6f20 e280 9831 e280 992e ults to ...1....\n+00037cf0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+00037d00: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 726d 6d6f nfo, Node: rmmo\n+00037d10: 642c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7361 7665 5f65 d, Next: save_e\n+00037d20: 6e76 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2072 6567 6578 nv, Prev: regex\n+00037d30: 702c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d p, Up: Command-\n+00037d40: 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 line commands..1\n+00037d50: 372e 342e 3633 2072 6d6d 6f64 0a2d 2d2d 7.4.63 rmmod.---\n+00037d60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n+00037d70: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2072 6d6d 6f64 206d Command: rmmod m\n+00037d80: 6f64 756c 650a 2020 2020 2052 656d 6f76 odule. Remov\n+00037d90: 6520 6120 6c6f 6164 6564 204d 4f44 554c e a loaded MODUL\n+00037da0: 452e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 E.....File: grub\n+00037db0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7361 .info, Node: sa\n+00037dc0: 7665 5f65 6e76 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2073 ve_env, Next: s\n+00037dd0: 6561 7263 682c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 726d earch, Prev: rm\n+00037de0: 6d6f 642c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e mod, Up: Comman\n+00037df0: 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a d-line commands.\n+00037e00: 0a31 372e 342e 3634 2073 6176 655f 656e .17.4.64 save_en\n+00037e10: 760a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d v.--------------\n+00037e20: 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a --.. -- Command:\n+00037e30: 2073 6176 655f 656e 7620 5b2d 2d66 696c save_env [--fil\n+00037e40: 6520 6669 6c65 5d20 7661 7220 2e2e 2e0a e file] var ....\n+00037e50: 2020 2020 2053 6176 6520 7468 6520 6e61 Save the na\n+00037e60: 6d65 6420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 6672 med variables fr\n+00037e70: 6f6d 2074 6865 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 om the environme\n+00037e80: 6e74 2074 6f20 7468 6520 656e 7669 726f nt to the enviro\n+00037e90: 6e6d 656e 740a 2020 2020 2062 6c6f 636b nment. block\n+00037ea0: 2066 696c 652e 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 456e file. *Note En\n+00037eb0: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 6b3a vironment block:\n+00037ec0: 3a2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 20e2 8098 :... The ...\n+00037ed0: 2d2d 6669 6c65 e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e --file... option\n+00037ee0: 206f 7665 7272 6964 6573 2074 6865 2064 overrides the d\n+00037ef0: 6566 6175 6c74 206c 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 efault location \n+00037f00: 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 656e 7669 of the. envi\n+00037f10: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 6b2e 0a0a ronment block...\n+00037f20: 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e This comman\n+00037f30: 6420 7769 6c6c 206f 7065 7261 7465 2073 d will operate s\n+00037f40: 7563 6365 7373 6675 6c6c 7920 6576 656e uccessfully even\n+00037f50: 2077 6865 6e20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e when environmen\n+00037f60: 740a 2020 2020 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 t. variable \n+00037f70: e280 9863 6865 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 ...check_signatu\n+00037f80: 7265 73e2 8099 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f res... is set to\n+00037f90: 20e2 8098 656e 666f 7263 65e2 8099 2028 ...enforce... (\n+00037fa0: 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 2063 6865 636b *note. check\n+00037fb0: 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 7265 733a 3a29 2c20 _signatures::), \n+00037fc0: 7369 6e63 6520 6974 2077 7269 7465 7320 since it writes \n+00037fd0: 746f 2064 6973 6b20 616e 6420 646f 6573 to disk and does\n+00037fe0: 206e 6f74 2061 6c74 6572 2074 6865 0a20 not alter the. \n+00037ff0: 2020 2020 6265 6861 7669 6f72 206f 6620 behavior of \n+00038000: 4752 5542 2062 6173 6564 206f 6e20 616e GRUB based on an\n+00038010: 7920 636f 6e74 656e 7473 206f 6620 6469 y contents of di\n+00038020: 736b 2074 6861 7420 6861 7665 2062 6565 sk that have bee\n+00038030: 6e20 7265 6164 2e0a 2020 2020 2049 7420 n read.. It \n+00038040: 6973 2070 6f73 7369 626c 6520 746f 206d is possible to m\n+00038050: 6f64 6966 7920 6120 6469 6769 7461 6c6c odify a digitall\n+00038060: 7920 7369 676e 6564 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e y signed environ\n+00038070: 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 2066 696c 650a ment block file.\n+00038080: 2020 2020 2066 726f 6d20 7769 7468 696e from within\n+00038090: 2047 5255 4220 7573 696e 6720 7468 6973 GRUB using this\n+000380a0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2c20 7375 6368 2074 command, such t\n+000380b0: 6861 7420 6974 7320 7369 676e 6174 7572 hat its signatur\n+000380c0: 6520 7769 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 6e6f 206c e will. no l\n+000380d0: 6f6e 6765 7220 6265 2076 616c 6964 206f onger be valid o\n+000380e0: 6e20 7375 6273 6571 7565 6e74 2062 6f6f n subsequent boo\n+000380f0: 7473 2e20 2043 6172 6520 7368 6f75 6c64 ts. Care should\n+00038100: 2062 6520 7461 6b65 6e20 696e 0a20 2020 be taken in. \n+00038110: 2020 7375 6368 2061 6476 616e 6365 6420 such advanced \n+00038120: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e73 2074 configurations t\n+00038130: 6f20 6176 6f69 6420 7265 6e64 6572 696e o avoid renderin\n+00038140: 6720 7468 6520 7379 7374 656d 0a20 2020 g the system. \n+00038150: 2020 756e 626f 6f74 6162 6c65 2e20 202a unbootable. *\n+00038160: 4e6f 7465 2055 7369 6e67 2064 6967 6974 Note Using digit\n+00038170: 616c 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 733a 3a2c al signatures::,\n+00038180: 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 650a 2020 2020 2069 for more. i\n+00038190: 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 nformation.....F\n+000381a0: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+000381b0: 204e 6f64 653a 2073 6561 7263 682c 2020 Node: search, \n+000381c0: 4e65 7874 3a20 7365 6e64 6b65 792c 2020 Next: sendkey, \n+000381d0: 5072 6576 3a20 7361 7665 5f65 6e76 2c20 Prev: save_env, \n+000381e0: 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e Up: Command-lin\n+000381f0: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 e commands..17.4\n+00038200: 2e36 3520 7365 6172 6368 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d .65 search.-----\n+00038210: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n+00038220: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 7365 6172 6368 205b ommand: search [\n+00038230: 2d2d 6669 6c65 7c2d 2d6c 6162 656c 7c2d --file|--label|-\n+00038240: 2d66 732d 7575 6964 5d20 5b2d 2d73 6574 -fs-uuid] [--set\n+00038250: 205b 7661 725d 5d0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 [var]]. \n+00038260: 2020 5b2d 2d6e 6f2d 666c 6f70 7079 7c2d [--no-floppy|-\n+00038270: 2d65 6669 6469 736b 2d6f 6e6c 795d 206e -efidisk-only] n\n+00038280: 616d 650a 2020 2020 2053 6561 7263 6820 ame. Search \n+00038290: 6465 7669 6365 7320 6279 2066 696c 6520 devices by file \n+000382a0: 28e2 8098 2d66 e280 992c 20e2 8098 2d2d (...-f..., ...--\n+000382b0: 6669 6c65 e280 9929 2c20 6669 6c65 7379 file...), filesy\n+000382c0: 7374 656d 206c 6162 656c 2028 e280 982d stem label (...-\n+000382d0: 6ce2 8099 2c0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2d2d l...,. ...--\n+000382e0: 6c61 6265 6ce2 8099 292c 206f 7220 6669 label...), or fi\n+000382f0: 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2055 5549 4420 28e2 lesystem UUID (.\n+00038300: 8098 2d75 e280 992c 20e2 8098 2d2d 6673 ..-u..., ...--fs\n+00038310: 2d75 7569 64e2 8099 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 -uuid...)... \n+00038320: 2049 6620 7468 6520 28e2 8098 2d73 e280 If the (...-s..\n+00038330: 992c 20e2 8098 2d2d 7365 74e2 8099 2920 ., ...--set...) \n+00038340: 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 7573 6564 2c20 option is used, \n+00038350: 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 6465 7669 6365 the first device\n+00038360: 2066 6f75 6e64 2069 730a 2020 2020 2073 found is. s\n+00038370: 6574 2061 7320 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 et as the value \n+00038380: 6f66 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 of environment v\n+00038390: 6172 6961 626c 6520 5641 522e 2020 5468 ariable VAR. Th\n+000383a0: 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 7661 7269 6162 e default variab\n+000383b0: 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 6973 20e2 8098 726f le. is ...ro\n+000383c0: 6f74 e280 992e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 ot...... The\n+000383d0: 2028 e280 982d 6ee2 8099 2c20 e280 982d (...-n..., ...-\n+000383e0: 2d6e 6f2d 666c 6f70 7079 e280 9929 206f -no-floppy...) o\n+000383f0: 7074 696f 6e20 7072 6576 656e 7473 2073 ption prevents s\n+00038400: 6561 7263 6869 6e67 2066 6c6f 7070 7920 earching floppy \n+00038410: 6465 7669 6365 732c 0a20 2020 2020 7768 devices,. wh\n+00038420: 6963 6820 6361 6e20 6265 2073 6c6f 772e ich can be slow.\n+00038430: 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2028 e280 982d .. 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EFI p\n+000384d0: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 artition... \n+000384e0: 5468 6520 e280 9873 6561 7263 682e 6669 The ...search.fi\n+000384f0: 6c65 e280 992c 20e2 8098 7365 6172 6368 le..., ...search\n+00038500: 2e66 735f 6c61 6265 6ce2 8099 2c20 616e .fs_label..., an\n+00038510: 6420 e280 9873 6561 7263 682e 6673 5f75 d ...search.fs_u\n+00038520: 7569 64e2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a uid... commands.\n+00038530: 2020 2020 2061 7265 2061 6c69 6173 6573 are aliases\n+00038540: 2066 6f72 20e2 8098 7365 6172 6368 202d for ...search -\n+00038550: 2d66 696c 65e2 8099 2c20 e280 9873 6561 -file..., ...sea\n+00038560: 7263 6820 2d2d 6c61 6265 6ce2 8099 2c20 rch --label..., \n+00038570: 616e 6420 e280 9873 6561 7263 680a 2020 and ...search. \n+00038580: 2020 202d 2d66 732d 7575 6964 e280 9920 --fs-uuid... \n+00038590: 7265 7370 6563 7469 7665 6c79 2e0a 0a20 respectively... \n+000385a0: 2020 2020 416c 736f 2068 696e 7473 2061 Also hints a\n+000385b0: 7320 746f 2077 6869 6368 2064 6576 6963 s to which devic\n+000385c0: 6520 6d61 7920 6265 2074 6865 206d 6f73 e may be the mos\n+000385d0: 7420 6c69 6b65 6c79 2074 6f20 636f 6e74 t likely to cont\n+000385e0: 6169 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2069 7465 ain the. ite\n+000385f0: 6d20 7365 6172 6368 6564 2066 6f72 206d m searched for m\n+00038600: 6179 2062 6520 6769 7665 6e20 7669 6120 ay be given via \n+00038610: 7468 6520 28e2 8098 2d68 e280 992c 20e2 the (...-h..., .\n+00038620: 8098 2d2d 6869 6e74 e280 9929 206f 7074 ..--hint...) opt\n+00038630: 696f 6e20 7769 7468 0a20 2020 2020 6120 ion with. a \n+00038640: 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 6520 6173 2061 device name as a\n+00038650: 6e20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 2e20 2049 6620 n argument. 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F3 \n-00039330: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039340: 2020 2020 2020 4633 0a20 2020 2020 4634 F3. F4\n+000392f0: 2020 4631 0a20 2020 2020 4632 2020 2020 F1. F2 \n+00039300: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039310: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4632 0a20 2020 2020 F2. \n+00039320: 4633 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 F3 \n+00039330: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4633 F3\n+00039340: 0a20 2020 2020 4634 2020 2020 2020 2020 . F4 \n 00039350: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039360: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4634 0a20 F4. \n-00039370: 2020 2020 4635 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 F5 \n-00039380: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039390: 2020 4635 0a20 2020 2020 4636 2020 2020 F5. F6 \n+00039360: 2020 2020 4634 0a20 2020 2020 4635 2020 F4. F5 \n+00039370: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039380: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4635 0a20 2020 F5. \n+00039390: 2020 4636 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 F6 \n 000393a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000393b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4636 0a20 2020 2020 F6. \n-000393c0: 4637 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 F7 \n-000393d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4637 F7\n-000393e0: 0a20 2020 2020 4638 2020 2020 2020 2020 . F8 \n-000393f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039400: 2020 2020 4638 0a20 2020 2020 4639 2020 F8. F9 \n+000393b0: 4636 0a20 2020 2020 4637 2020 2020 2020 F6. F7 \n+000393c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000393d0: 2020 2020 2020 4637 0a20 2020 2020 4638 F7. F8\n+000393e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000393f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4638 0a20 F8. \n+00039400: 2020 2020 4639 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 F9 \n 00039410: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039420: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4639 0a20 2020 F9. \n-00039430: 2020 4631 3020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 F10 \n-00039440: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039450: 4631 300a 2020 2020 2046 3131 2020 2020 F10. F11 \n-00039460: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039470: 2020 2020 2020 2046 3131 0a20 2020 2020 F11. \n-00039480: 4631 3220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 F12 \n-00039490: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4631 F1\n-000394a0: 320a 2020 2020 206e 756d 3120 2020 2020 2. num1 \n-000394b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000394c0: 2020 2020 2031 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 1 (numeric \n-000394d0: 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d keypad). num\n-000394e0: 3220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2 \n-000394f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2032 2028 6e75 2 (nu\n-00039500: 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 meric keypad). \n-00039510: 2020 206e 756d 3320 2020 2020 2020 2020 num3 \n-00039520: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039530: 2033 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 3 (numeric keyp\n-00039540: 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d 3420 2020 ad). num4 \n-00039550: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039560: 2020 2020 2020 2034 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 4 (numeri\n-00039570: 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e c keypad). n\n-00039580: 756d 3520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 um5 \n-00039590: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2035 2028 5 (\n-000395a0: 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a numeric keypad).\n-000395b0: 2020 2020 206e 756d 3620 2020 2020 2020 num6 \n-000395c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000395d0: 2020 2036 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 6 (numeric ke\n-000395e0: 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d 3720 ypad). num7 \n+00039420: 2020 4639 0a20 2020 2020 4631 3020 2020 F9. F10 \n+00039430: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039440: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4631 300a 2020 2020 F10. \n+00039450: 2046 3131 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 F11 \n+00039460: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2046 F\n+00039470: 3131 0a20 2020 2020 4631 3220 2020 2020 11. F12 \n+00039480: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039490: 2020 2020 2020 4631 320a 2020 2020 206e F12. n\n+000394a0: 756d 3120 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 um1 \n+000394b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2031 2028 1 (\n+000394c0: 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a numeric keypad).\n+000394d0: 2020 2020 206e 756d 3220 2020 2020 2020 num2 \n+000394e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000394f0: 2020 2032 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 2 (numeric ke\n+00039500: 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d 3320 ypad). num3 \n+00039510: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039520: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2033 2028 6e75 6d65 3 (nume\n+00039530: 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 ric keypad). \n+00039540: 206e 756d 3420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 num4 \n+00039550: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2034 4\n+00039560: 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 (numeric keypad\n+00039570: 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d 3520 2020 2020 ). num5 \n+00039580: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039590: 2020 2020 2035 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 5 (numeric \n+000395a0: 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d keypad). num\n+000395b0: 3620 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6 \n+000395c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2036 2028 6e75 6 (nu\n+000395d0: 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 meric keypad). \n+000395e0: 2020 206e 756d 3720 2020 2020 2020 2020 num7 \n 000395f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039600: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2037 2028 6e75 6d65 7 (nume\n-00039610: 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 ric keypad). \n-00039620: 206e 756d 3820 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 num8 \n-00039630: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2038 8\n-00039640: 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 (numeric keypad\n-00039650: 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d 3920 2020 2020 ). num9 \n-00039660: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039670: 2020 2020 2039 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 9 (numeric \n-00039680: 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d keypad). num\n-00039690: 3020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 0 \n-000396a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2030 2028 6e75 0 (nu\n-000396b0: 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 meric keypad). \n-000396c0: 2020 206e 756d 7065 7269 6f64 2020 2020 numperiod \n-000396d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000396e0: 202e 2020 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 . (numeric key\n-000396f0: 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d65 6e64 pad). numend\n+00039600: 2037 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 7 (numeric keyp\n+00039610: 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d 3820 2020 ad). num8 \n+00039620: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039630: 2020 2020 2020 2038 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 8 (numeri\n+00039640: 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e c keypad). n\n+00039650: 756d 3920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 um9 \n+00039660: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2039 2028 9 (\n+00039670: 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a numeric keypad).\n+00039680: 2020 2020 206e 756d 3020 2020 2020 2020 num0 \n+00039690: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000396a0: 2020 2030 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 0 (numeric ke\n+000396b0: 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d 7065 ypad). numpe\n+000396c0: 7269 6f64 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 riod \n+000396d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 202e 2020 286e 756d . (num\n+000396e0: 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 eric keypad). \n+000396f0: 2020 6e75 6d65 6e64 2020 2020 2020 2020 numend \n 00039700: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039710: 2020 2020 2020 2020 456e 6420 286e 756d End (num\n-00039720: 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 eric keypad). \n-00039730: 2020 6e75 6d64 6f77 6e20 2020 2020 2020 numdown \n-00039740: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039750: 446f 776e 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 Down (numeric ke\n-00039760: 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d 7067 ypad). numpg\n-00039770: 646f 776e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 down \n-00039780: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2050 6167 6520 446f Page Do\n-00039790: 776e 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 wn (numeric keyp\n-000397a0: 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d 6c65 6674 ad). numleft\n-000397b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000397c0: 2020 2020 2020 204c 6566 7420 286e 756d Left (num\n-000397d0: 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 eric keypad). \n-000397e0: 2020 6e75 6d63 656e 7465 7220 2020 2020 numcenter \n-000397f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039800: 3520 7769 7468 204e 756d 204c 6f63 6b20 5 with Num Lock \n-00039810: 696e 6163 7469 7665 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 inactive (numeri\n-00039820: 630a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 c. \n-00039830: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039840: 2020 2020 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 keypad). \n-00039850: 2020 6e75 6d72 6967 6874 2020 2020 2020 numright \n-00039860: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039870: 5269 6768 7420 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b Right (numeric k\n-00039880: 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d68 eypad). numh\n-00039890: 6f6d 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ome \n-000398a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 486f 6d65 2028 Home (\n-000398b0: 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a numeric keypad).\n-000398c0: 2020 2020 206e 756d 7570 2020 2020 2020 numup \n-000398d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000398e0: 2020 2055 7020 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b Up (numeric k\n-000398f0: 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d70 eypad). nump\n-00039900: 6775 7020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 gup \n-00039910: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5061 6765 2055 Page U\n-00039920: 7020 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 p (numeric keypa\n-00039930: 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d69 6e73 6572 d). numinser\n-00039940: 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t \n-00039950: 2020 2020 2020 496e 7365 7274 2028 6e75 Insert (nu\n-00039960: 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 meric keypad). \n-00039970: 2020 206e 756d 6465 6c65 7465 2020 2020 numdelete \n-00039980: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039990: 2044 656c 6574 6520 286e 756d 6572 6963 Delete (numeric\n-000399a0: 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 keypad). nu\n-000399b0: 6d61 7374 6572 6973 6b20 2020 2020 2020 masterisk \n-000399c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2a20 286e * (n\n-000399d0: 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 umeric keypad). \n-000399e0: 2020 2020 6e75 6d6d 696e 7573 2020 2020 numminus \n-000399f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039a00: 2020 2d20 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 - (numeric key\n-00039a10: 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d70 6c75 pad). numplu\n-00039a20: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 s \n-00039a30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2b20 286e 756d 6572 + (numer\n-00039a40: 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 ic keypad). \n-00039a50: 6e75 6d73 6c61 7368 2020 2020 2020 2020 numslash \n-00039a60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2f20 / \n-00039a70: 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 (numeric keypad)\n-00039a80: 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d65 6e74 6572 2020 . numenter \n-00039a90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039aa0: 2020 2020 456e 7465 7220 286e 756d 6572 Enter (numer\n-00039ab0: 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 ic keypad). \n-00039ac0: 6465 6c65 7465 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 delete \n-00039ad0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4465 De\n-00039ae0: 6c65 7465 0a20 2020 2020 696e 7365 7274 lete. insert\n+00039710: 456e 6420 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 End (numeric key\n+00039720: 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d64 6f77 pad). numdow\n+00039730: 6e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 n \n+00039740: 2020 2020 2020 2020 446f 776e 2028 6e75 Down (nu\n+00039750: 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 meric keypad). \n+00039760: 2020 206e 756d 7067 646f 776e 2020 2020 numpgdown \n+00039770: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039780: 2050 6167 6520 446f 776e 2028 6e75 6d65 Page Down (nume\n+00039790: 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 ric keypad). \n+000397a0: 206e 756d 6c65 6674 2020 2020 2020 2020 numleft \n+000397b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c L\n+000397c0: 6566 7420 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 eft (numeric key\n+000397d0: 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d63 656e pad). numcen\n+000397e0: 7465 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ter \n+000397f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 3520 7769 7468 204e 5 with N\n+00039800: 756d 204c 6f63 6b20 696e 6163 7469 7665 um Lock inactive\n+00039810: 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 630a 2020 2020 2020 (numeric. \n+00039820: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039830: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206b 6579 key\n+00039840: 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d72 6967 pad). numrig\n+00039850: 6874 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ht \n+00039860: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5269 6768 7420 286e Right (n\n+00039870: 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 umeric keypad). \n+00039880: 2020 2020 6e75 6d68 6f6d 6520 2020 2020 numhome \n+00039890: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000398a0: 2020 486f 6d65 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 Home (numeric \n+000398b0: 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d keypad). num\n+000398c0: 7570 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 up \n+000398d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2055 7020 286e Up (n\n+000398e0: 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 umeric keypad). \n+000398f0: 2020 2020 6e75 6d70 6775 7020 2020 2020 numpgup \n+00039900: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039910: 2020 5061 6765 2055 7020 286e 756d 6572 Page Up (numer\n+00039920: 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 ic keypad). \n+00039930: 6e75 6d69 6e73 6572 7420 2020 2020 2020 numinsert \n+00039940: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 496e In\n+00039950: 7365 7274 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 sert (numeric ke\n+00039960: 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d 6465 ypad). numde\n+00039970: 6c65 7465 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 lete \n+00039980: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2044 656c 6574 6520 Delete \n+00039990: 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 (numeric keypad)\n+000399a0: 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d61 7374 6572 6973 . numasteris\n+000399b0: 6b20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 k \n+000399c0: 2020 2020 2a20 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b * (numeric k\n+000399d0: 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d6d eypad). numm\n+000399e0: 696e 7573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 inus \n+000399f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2d20 286e 756d - (num\n+00039a00: 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 eric keypad). \n+00039a10: 2020 6e75 6d70 6c75 7320 2020 2020 2020 numplus \n+00039a20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039a30: 2b20 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 + (numeric keypa\n+00039a40: 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d73 6c61 7368 d). numslash\n+00039a50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039a60: 2020 2020 2020 2f20 286e 756d 6572 6963 / (numeric\n+00039a70: 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 keypad). nu\n+00039a80: 6d65 6e74 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 menter \n+00039a90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 456e 7465 Ente\n+00039aa0: 7220 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 r (numeric keypa\n+00039ab0: 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6465 6c65 7465 2020 d). delete \n+00039ac0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039ad0: 2020 2020 2020 4465 6c65 7465 0a20 2020 Delete. \n+00039ae0: 2020 696e 7365 7274 2020 2020 2020 2020 insert \n 00039af0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039b00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 496e 7365 7274 0a20 Insert. \n-00039b10: 2020 2020 686f 6d65 2020 2020 2020 2020 home \n-00039b20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039b30: 2020 486f 6d65 0a20 2020 2020 656e 6420 Home. end \n+00039b00: 496e 7365 7274 0a20 2020 2020 686f 6d65 Insert. home\n+00039b10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039b20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 486f 6d65 0a20 Home. \n+00039b30: 2020 2020 656e 6420 2020 2020 2020 2020 end \n 00039b40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039b50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 456e 640a 2020 End. \n-00039b60: 2020 2070 6764 6f77 6e20 2020 2020 2020 pgdown \n-00039b70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039b80: 2050 6167 6520 446f 776e 0a20 2020 2020 Page Down. \n-00039b90: 7067 7570 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 pgup \n-00039ba0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5061 Pa\n-00039bb0: 6765 2055 700a 2020 2020 2064 6f77 6e20 ge Up. down \n+00039b50: 2020 456e 640a 2020 2020 2070 6764 6f77 End. pgdow\n+00039b60: 6e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 n \n+00039b70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2050 6167 6520 446f Page Do\n+00039b80: 776e 0a20 2020 2020 7067 7570 2020 2020 wn. pgup \n+00039b90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039ba0: 2020 2020 2020 5061 6765 2055 700a 2020 Page Up. \n+00039bb0: 2020 2064 6f77 6e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 down \n 00039bc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039bd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2044 6f77 6e0a 2020 Down. \n-00039be0: 2020 2075 7020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 up \n-00039bf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039c00: 2055 700a 2020 2020 206c 6566 7420 2020 Up. left \n-00039c10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039c20: 2020 2020 2020 204c 6566 740a 2020 2020 Left. \n-00039c30: 2072 6967 6874 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 right \n-00039c40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2052 R\n-00039c50: 6967 6874 0a0a 2020 2020 2041 7320 7765 ight.. As we\n-00039c60: 6c6c 2061 7320 6b65 7973 7472 6f6b 6573 ll as keystrokes\n-00039c70: 2c20 7468 6520 e280 9873 656e 646b 6579 , the ...sendkey\n-00039c80: e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 7461 6b65 ... command take\n-00039c90: 7320 7661 7269 6f75 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e s various option\n-00039ca0: 730a 2020 2020 2074 6861 7420 6166 6665 s. that affe\n-00039cb0: 6374 2074 6865 2042 494f 5320 6b65 7962 ct the BIOS keyb\n-00039cc0: 6f61 7264 2073 7461 7475 7320 666c 6167 oard status flag\n-00039cd0: 732e 2020 5468 6573 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e s. These option\n-00039ce0: 7320 7461 6b65 2061 6e0a 2020 2020 20e2 s take an. .\n-00039cf0: 8098 6f6e e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 6f66 ..on... or ...of\n-00039d00: 66e2 8099 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 2c20 f... parameter, \n-00039d10: 7370 6563 6966 7969 6e67 2074 6861 7420 specifying that \n-00039d20: 7468 6520 636f 7272 6573 706f 6e64 696e the correspondin\n-00039d30: 6720 7374 6174 7573 0a20 2020 2020 666c g status. fl\n-00039d40: 6167 2062 6520 7365 7420 6f72 2075 6e73 ag be set or uns\n-00039d50: 6574 3b20 6f6d 6974 7469 6e67 2074 6865 et; omitting the\n-00039d60: 206f 7074 696f 6e20 666f 7220 6120 6769 option for a gi\n-00039d70: 7665 6e20 7374 6174 7573 2066 6c61 670a ven status flag.\n-00039d80: 2020 2020 2077 696c 6c20 6c65 6176 6520 will leave \n-00039d90: 7468 6174 2066 6c61 6720 6174 2069 7473 that flag at its\n-00039da0: 2069 6e69 7469 616c 2073 7461 7465 2061 initial state a\n-00039db0: 7420 626f 6f74 2e20 2054 6865 20e2 8098 t boot. The ...\n-00039dc0: 2d2d 6e75 6de2 8099 2c0a 2020 2020 20e2 --num...,. .\n-00039dd0: 8098 2d2d 6361 7073 e280 992c 20e2 8098 ..--caps..., ...\n-00039de0: 2d2d 7363 726f 6c6c e280 992c 2061 6e64 --scroll..., and\n-00039df0: 20e2 8098 2d2d 696e 7365 7274 e280 9920 ...--insert... \n-00039e00: 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 656d 756c 6174 6520 options emulate \n-00039e10: 7365 7474 696e 6720 7468 650a 2020 2020 setting the. \n-00039e20: 2063 6f72 7265 7370 6f6e 6469 6e67 206d corresponding m\n-00039e30: 6f64 652c 2077 6869 6c65 2074 6865 20e2 ode, while the .\n-00039e40: 8098 2d2d 6e75 6d6b 6579 e280 992c 20e2 ..--numkey..., .\n-00039e50: 8098 2d2d 6361 7073 6b65 79e2 8099 2c0a ..--capskey...,.\n-00039e60: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2d2d 7363 726f 6c6c ...--scroll\n-00039e70: 6b65 79e2 8099 2c20 616e 6420 e280 982d key..., and ...-\n-00039e80: 2d69 6e73 6572 746b 6579 e280 9920 6f70 -insertkey... op\n-00039e90: 7469 6f6e 7320 656d 756c 6174 6520 7072 tions emulate pr\n-00039ea0: 6573 7369 6e67 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 essing and. \n-00039eb0: 686f 6c64 696e 6720 7468 6520 636f 7272 holding the corr\n-00039ec0: 6573 706f 6e64 696e 6720 6b65 792e 2020 esponding key. \n-00039ed0: 5468 6520 6f74 6865 7220 7374 6174 7573 The other status\n-00039ee0: 2066 6c61 6720 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 6172 flag options ar\n-00039ef0: 650a 2020 2020 2073 656c 662d 6578 706c e. self-expl\n-00039f00: 616e 6174 6f72 792e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 anatory... I\n-00039f10: 6620 7468 6520 e280 982d 2d6e 6f2d 6c65 f the ...--no-le\n-00039f20: 64e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6973 2067 d... option is g\n-00039f30: 6976 656e 2c20 7468 6520 7374 6174 7573 iven, the status\n-00039f40: 2066 6c61 6720 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 7769 flag options wi\n-00039f50: 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 6861 7665 206e 6f20 ll. have no \n-00039f60: 6566 6665 6374 206f 6e20 6b65 7962 6f61 effect on keyboa\n-00039f70: 7264 204c 4544 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 rd LEDs... I\n-00039f80: 6620 7468 6520 e280 9873 656e 646b 6579 f the ...sendkey\n-00039f90: e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 2067 ... command is g\n-00039fa0: 6976 656e 206d 756c 7469 706c 6520 7469 iven multiple ti\n-00039fb0: 6d65 732c 2074 6865 6e20 6f6e 6c79 2074 mes, then only t\n-00039fc0: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6c61 7374 2069 6e76 he. last inv\n-00039fd0: 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 6861 7320 616e 7920 ocation has any \n-00039fe0: 6566 6665 6374 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5369 effect... Si\n-00039ff0: 6e63 6520 e280 9873 656e 646b 6579 e280 nce ...sendkey..\n-0003a000: 9920 6d61 6e69 7075 6c61 7465 7320 7468 . manipulates th\n-0003a010: 6520 4249 4f53 206b 6579 626f 6172 6420 e BIOS keyboard \n-0003a020: 6275 6666 6572 2c20 6974 206d 6179 2063 buffer, it may c\n-0003a030: 6175 7365 0a20 2020 2020 6861 6e67 732c ause. hangs,\n-0003a040: 2072 6562 6f6f 7473 2c20 6f72 206f 7468 reboots, or oth\n-0003a050: 6572 206d 6973 6265 6861 7669 6f75 7220 er misbehaviour \n-0003a060: 6f6e 2073 6f6d 6520 7379 7374 656d 732e on some systems.\n-0003a070: 2020 4966 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6f70 If the. op\n-0003a080: 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 206f erating system o\n-0003a090: 7220 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 7220 7468 r boot loader th\n-0003a0a0: 6174 2072 756e 7320 6166 7465 7220 4752 at runs after GR\n-0003a0b0: 5542 2075 7365 7320 6974 7320 6f77 6e0a UB uses its own.\n-0003a0c0: 2020 2020 206b 6579 626f 6172 6420 6472 keyboard dr\n-0003a0d0: 6976 6572 2072 6174 6865 7220 7468 616e iver rather than\n-0003a0e0: 2074 6865 2042 494f 5320 6b65 7962 6f61 the BIOS keyboa\n-0003a0f0: 7264 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e73 2c20 7468 rd functions, th\n-0003a100: 656e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9873 656e 646b en. ...sendk\n-0003a110: 6579 e280 9920 7769 6c6c 2068 6176 6520 ey... will have \n-0003a120: 6e6f 2065 6666 6563 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 no effect... \n-0003a130: 2054 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 This command is\n-0003a140: 206f 6e6c 7920 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 only available \n-0003a150: 6f6e 2050 4320 4249 4f53 2073 7973 7465 on PC BIOS syste\n-0003a160: 6d73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ms.....File: gru\n-0003a170: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2073 b.info, Node: s\n-0003a180: 6574 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2073 6861 3173 et, Next: sha1s\n-0003a190: 756d 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2073 656e 646b um, Prev: sendk\n-0003a1a0: 6579 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ey, Up: Command\n-0003a1b0: 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a -line commands..\n-0003a1c0: 3137 2e34 2e36 3720 7365 740a 2d2d 2d2d 17.4.67 set.----\n-0003a1d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n-0003a1e0: 6d61 6e64 3a20 7365 7420 5b65 6e76 7661 mand: set [envva\n-0003a1f0: 723d 7661 6c75 655d 0a20 2020 2020 5365 r=value]. Se\n-0003a200: 7420 7468 6520 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e t the environmen\n-0003a210: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2045 4e56 5641 t variable ENVVA\n-0003a220: 5220 746f 2056 414c 5545 2e20 2049 6620 R to VALUE. If \n-0003a230: 696e 766f 6b65 6420 7769 7468 206e 6f0a invoked with no.\n-0003a240: 2020 2020 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 2c20 arguments, \n-0003a250: 7072 696e 7420 616c 6c20 656e 7669 726f print all enviro\n-0003a260: 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 nment variables \n-0003a270: 7769 7468 2074 6865 6972 2076 616c 7565 with their value\n-0003a280: 732e 2020 466f 720a 2020 2020 2074 6865 s. For. the\n-0003a290: 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e list of environ\n-0003a2a0: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2063 ment variables c\n-0003a2b0: 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 2075 7365 6420 6279 urrently used by\n-0003a2c0: 2047 5255 4220 6974 7365 6c66 2073 6565 GRUB itself see\n-0003a2d0: 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 7265 6c65 7661 . the releva\n-0003a2e0: 6e74 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 202a 6e6f 7465 nt section *note\n-0003a2f0: 2045 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 3a3a 2e0a Environment::..\n-0003a300: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-0003a310: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2073 6861 3173 fo, Node: sha1s\n-0003a320: 756d 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2073 6861 3235 um, Next: sha25\n-0003a330: 3673 756d 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2073 6574 6sum, Prev: set\n-0003a340: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c , Up: Command-l\n-0003a350: 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 ine commands..17\n-0003a360: 2e34 2e36 3820 7368 6131 7375 6d0a 2d2d .4.68 sha1sum.--\n-0003a370: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 -------------.. \n-0003a380: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 7368 6131 -- Command: sha1\n-0003a390: 7375 6d20 6172 6720 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 sum arg .... \n-0003a3a0: 2041 6c69 6173 2066 6f72 20e2 8098 6861 Alias for ...ha\n-0003a3b0: 7368 7375 6d20 2d2d 6861 7368 2073 6861 shsum --hash sha\n-0003a3c0: 3120 6172 6720 2e2e 2ee2 8099 2e20 2053 1 arg ....... S\n-0003a3d0: 6565 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 20e2 8098 6861 ee command ...ha\n-0003a3e0: 7368 7375 6de2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 282a shsum.... (*\n-0003a3f0: 6e6f 7465 2068 6173 6873 756d 3a3a 2920 note hashsum::) \n-0003a400: 666f 7220 6675 6c6c 2064 6573 6372 6970 for full descrip\n-0003a410: 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 tion.....File: g\n-0003a420: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-0003a430: 2073 6861 3235 3673 756d 2c20 204e 6578 sha256sum, Nex\n-0003a440: 743a 2073 6861 3531 3273 756d 2c20 2050 t: sha512sum, P\n-0003a450: 7265 763a 2073 6861 3173 756d 2c20 2055 rev: sha1sum, U\n-0003a460: 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 p: Command-line \n-0003a470: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e36 commands..17.4.6\n-0003a480: 3920 7368 6132 3536 7375 6d0a 2d2d 2d2d 9 sha256sum.----\n-0003a490: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 -------------.. \n-0003a4a0: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 7368 6132 -- Command: sha2\n-0003a4b0: 3536 7375 6d20 6172 6720 2e2e 2e0a 2020 56sum arg .... \n-0003a4c0: 2020 2041 6c69 6173 2066 6f72 20e2 8098 Alias for ...\n-0003a4d0: 6861 7368 7375 6d20 2d2d 6861 7368 2073 hashsum --hash s\n-0003a4e0: 6861 3235 3620 6172 6720 2e2e 2ee2 8099 ha256 arg ......\n-0003a4f0: 2e20 2053 6565 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 20e2 . See command .\n-0003a500: 8098 6861 7368 7375 6de2 8099 0a20 2020 ..hashsum.... \n-0003a510: 2020 282a 6e6f 7465 2068 6173 6873 756d (*note hashsum\n-0003a520: 3a3a 2920 666f 7220 6675 6c6c 2064 6573 ::) for full des\n-0003a530: 6372 6970 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c cription.....Fil\n-0003a540: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-0003a550: 6f64 653a 2073 6861 3531 3273 756d 2c20 ode: sha512sum, \n-0003a560: 204e 6578 743a 2073 6c65 6570 2c20 2050 Next: sleep, P\n-0003a570: 7265 763a 2073 6861 3235 3673 756d 2c20 rev: sha256sum, \n-0003a580: 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e Up: Command-lin\n-0003a590: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 e commands..17.4\n-0003a5a0: 2e37 3020 7368 6135 3132 7375 6d0a 2d2d .70 sha512sum.--\n-0003a5b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n-0003a5c0: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 7368 . -- Command: sh\n-0003a5d0: 6135 3132 7375 6d20 6172 6720 2e2e 2e0a a512sum arg ....\n-0003a5e0: 2020 2020 2041 6c69 6173 2066 6f72 20e2 Alias for .\n-0003a5f0: 8098 6861 7368 7375 6d20 2d2d 6861 7368 ..hashsum --hash\n-0003a600: 2073 6861 3531 3220 6172 6720 2e2e 2ee2 sha512 arg ....\n-0003a610: 8099 2e20 2053 6565 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ... See command\n-0003a620: 20e2 8098 6861 7368 7375 6de2 8099 0a20 ...hashsum.... \n-0003a630: 2020 2020 282a 6e6f 7465 2068 6173 6873 (*note hashs\n-0003a640: 756d 3a3a 2920 666f 7220 6675 6c6c 2064 um::) for full d\n-0003a650: 6573 6372 6970 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 escription.....F\n-0003a660: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-0003a670: 204e 6f64 653a 2073 6c65 6570 2c20 204e Node: sleep, N\n-0003a680: 6578 743a 2073 6d62 696f 732c 2020 5072 ext: smbios, Pr\n-0003a690: 6576 3a20 7368 6135 3132 7375 6d2c 2020 ev: sha512sum, \n-0003a6a0: 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 Up: Command-line\n-0003a6b0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e commands..17.4.\n-0003a6c0: 3731 2073 6c65 6570 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 71 sleep.-------\n-0003a6d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n-0003a6e0: 616e 643a 2073 6c65 6570 205b 2d2d 7665 and: sleep [--ve\n-0003a6f0: 7262 6f73 655d 205b 2d2d 696e 7465 7272 rbose] [--interr\n-0003a700: 7570 7469 626c 655d 2063 6f75 6e74 0a20 uptible] count. \n-0003a710: 2020 2020 536c 6565 7020 666f 7220 434f Sleep for CO\n-0003a720: 554e 5420 7365 636f 6e64 732e 2020 4966 UNT seconds. If\n-0003a730: 206f 7074 696f 6e20 e280 982d 2d69 6e74 option ...--int\n-0003a740: 6572 7275 7074 6962 6c65 e280 9920 6973 erruptible... is\n-0003a750: 2067 6976 656e 2c0a 2020 2020 2061 6c6c given,. all\n-0003a760: 6f77 2070 7265 7373 696e 6720 3c45 5343 ow pressing , or holdi\n-0003a780: 6e67 2064 6f77 6e20 3c53 4849 4654 3e20 ng down \n-0003a790: 746f 2069 6e74 6572 7275 7074 0a20 2020 to interrupt. \n-0003a7a0: 2020 736c 6565 702e 2020 5769 7468 20e2 sleep. With .\n-0003a7b0: 8098 2d2d 7665 7262 6f73 65e2 8099 2073 ..--verbose... s\n-0003a7c0: 686f 7720 636f 756e 7464 6f77 6e20 6f66 how countdown of\n-0003a7d0: 2072 656d 6169 6e69 6e67 2073 6563 6f6e remaining secon\n-0003a7e0: 6473 2e20 2045 7869 740a 2020 2020 2063 ds. Exit. c\n-0003a7f0: 6f64 6520 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f20 3020 ode is set to 0 \n-0003a800: 6966 2074 696d 656f 7574 2065 7870 6972 if timeout expir\n-0003a810: 6564 2061 6e64 2074 6f20 3120 6966 2074 ed and to 1 if t\n-0003a820: 696d 656f 7574 2077 6173 0a20 2020 2020 imeout was. \n-0003a830: 696e 7465 7272 7570 7465 6420 7573 696e interrupted usin\n-0003a840: 6720 616e 7920 6f66 2074 6865 206d 656e g any of the men\n-0003a850: 7469 6f6e 6564 206b 6579 732e 0a0a 1f0a tioned keys.....\n-0003a860: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-0003a870: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 736d 6269 6f73 2c20 Node: smbios, \n-0003a880: 204e 6578 743a 2073 6f75 7263 652c 2020 Next: source, \n-0003a890: 5072 6576 3a20 736c 6565 702c 2020 5570 Prev: sleep, Up\n-0003a8a0: 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 : Command-line c\n-0003a8b0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3732 ommands..17.4.72\n-0003a8c0: 2073 6d62 696f 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d smbios.--------\n-0003a8d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n-0003a8e0: 616e 643a 2073 6d62 696f 7320 5b2d 2d74 and: smbios [--t\n-0003a8f0: 7970 6520 5459 5045 5d20 5b2d 2d68 616e ype TYPE] [--han\n-0003a900: 646c 6520 4841 4e44 4c45 5d20 5b2d 2d6d dle HANDLE] [--m\n-0003a910: 6174 6368 204d 4154 4348 5d0a 2020 2020 atch MATCH]. \n-0003a920: 2020 2020 2020 282d 2d67 6574 2d62 7974 (--get-byt\n-0003a930: 6520 7c20 2d2d 6765 742d 776f 7264 207c e | --get-word |\n-0003a940: 202d 2d67 6574 2d64 776f 7264 207c 202d --get-dword | -\n-0003a950: 2d67 6574 2d71 776f 7264 207c 0a20 2020 -get-qword |. \n-0003a960: 2020 2020 2020 202d 2d67 6574 2d73 7472 --get-str\n-0003a970: 696e 6720 7c20 2d2d 6765 742d 7575 6964 ing | --get-uuid\n-0003a980: 2920 4f46 4653 4554 205b 2d2d 7365 7420 ) OFFSET [--set \n-0003a990: 5641 5249 4142 4c45 5d0a 2020 2020 2052 VARIABLE]. R\n-0003a9a0: 6574 7269 6576 6520 534d 4249 4f53 2069 etrieve SMBIOS i\n-0003a9b0: 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 nformation... \n-0003a9c0: 2020 5468 6520 e280 9873 6d62 696f 73e2 The ...smbios.\n-0003a9d0: 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2072 6574 7572 .. command retur\n-0003a9e0: 6e73 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 206f 6620 ns the value of \n-0003a9f0: 6120 6669 656c 6420 696e 2061 6e20 534d a field in an SM\n-0003aa00: 4249 4f53 0a20 2020 2020 7374 7275 6374 BIOS. struct\n-0003aa10: 7572 652e 2020 5468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 ure. The follow\n-0003aa20: 696e 6720 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 6465 7465 ing options dete\n-0003aa30: 726d 696e 6520 7768 6963 6820 7374 7275 rmine which stru\n-0003aa40: 6374 7572 6520 746f 0a20 2020 2020 7365 cture to. se\n-0003aa50: 6c65 6374 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 20e2 lect... .\n-0003aa60: 80a2 2053 7065 6369 6679 696e 6720 e280 .. Specifying ..\n-0003aa70: 982d 2d74 7970 65e2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 .--type... will \n-0003aa80: 7365 6c65 6374 2073 7472 7563 7475 7265 select structure\n-0003aa90: 7320 7769 7468 2061 206d 6174 6368 696e s with a matchin\n-0003aaa0: 670a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5459 5045 g. TYPE\n-0003aab0: 2e20 2054 6865 2074 7970 6520 6361 6e20 . The type can \n-0003aac0: 6265 2061 6e79 2069 6e74 6567 6572 2066 be any integer f\n-0003aad0: 726f 6d20 3020 746f 2032 3535 2e0a 2020 rom 0 to 255.. \n-0003aae0: 2020 2020 2020 e280 a220 5370 6563 6966 ... Specif\n-0003aaf0: 7969 6e67 20e2 8098 2d2d 6861 6e64 6c65 ying ...--handle\n-0003ab00: e280 9920 7769 6c6c 2073 656c 6563 7420 ... will select \n-0003ab10: 7374 7275 6374 7572 6573 2077 6974 6820 structures with \n-0003ab20: 6120 6d61 7463 6869 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 a matching. \n-0003ab30: 2020 2020 2048 414e 444c 452e 2020 5468 HANDLE. Th\n-0003ab40: 6520 6861 6e64 6c65 2063 616e 2062 6520 e handle can be \n-0003ab50: 616e 7920 696e 7465 6765 7220 6672 6f6d any integer from\n-0003ab60: 2030 2074 6f20 3635 3533 352e 0a20 2020 0 to 65535.. \n-0003ab70: 2020 2020 20e2 80a2 2053 7065 6369 6679 ... Specify\n-0003ab80: 696e 6720 e280 982d 2d6d 6174 6368 e280 ing ...--match..\n-0003ab90: 9920 7769 6c6c 2073 656c 6563 7420 7374 . will select st\n-0003aba0: 7275 6374 7572 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 204d ructure number M\n-0003abb0: 4154 4348 2069 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 ATCH in the. \n-0003abc0: 2020 2020 2020 6669 6c74 6572 6564 206c filtered l\n-0003abd0: 6973 7420 6f66 2073 7472 7563 7475 7265 ist of structure\n-0003abe0: 733b 2065 2e67 2e20 20e2 8098 736d 6269 s; e.g. ...smbi\n-0003abf0: 6f73 202d 2d74 7970 6520 3420 2d2d 6d61 os --type 4 --ma\n-0003ac00: 7463 6820 32e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 tch 2.... \n-0003ac10: 2020 2077 696c 6c20 7365 6c65 6374 2074 will select t\n-0003ac20: 6865 2073 6563 6f6e 6420 5072 6f63 6573 he second Proces\n-0003ac30: 7320 496e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 2854 s Information (T\n-0003ac40: 7970 6520 3429 2073 7472 7563 7475 7265 ype 4) structure\n-0003ac50: 2e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 .. The \n-0003ac60: 6c69 7374 2069 7320 616c 7761 7973 206f list is always o\n-0003ac70: 7264 6572 6564 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 rdered the same \n-0003ac80: 6173 2074 6865 2068 6172 6477 6172 6527 as the hardware'\n-0003ac90: 7320 534d 4249 4f53 0a20 2020 2020 2020 s SMBIOS. \n-0003aca0: 2020 2074 6162 6c65 2e20 2054 6865 206d table. The m\n-0003acb0: 6174 6368 206e 756d 6265 7220 6d75 7374 atch number must\n-0003acc0: 2062 6520 6120 706f 7369 7469 7665 2069 be a positive i\n-0003acd0: 6e74 6567 6572 2e20 2049 660a 2020 2020 nteger. If. \n-0003ace0: 2020 2020 2020 756e 7370 6563 6966 6965 unspecifie\n-0003acf0: 642c 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 206d 6174 d, the first mat\n-0003ad00: 6368 696e 6720 7374 7275 6374 7572 6520 ching structure \n-0003ad10: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 7365 6c65 6374 6564 will be selected\n-0003ad20: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 7265 6d61 ... The rema\n-0003ad30: 696e 696e 6720 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 6465 ining options de\n-0003ad40: 7465 726d 696e 6520 7768 6963 6820 6669 termine which fi\n-0003ad50: 656c 6420 696e 2074 6865 2073 656c 6563 eld in the selec\n-0003ad60: 7465 6420 534d 4249 4f53 0a20 2020 2020 ted SMBIOS. \n-0003ad70: 7374 7275 6374 7572 6520 746f 2072 6574 structure to ret\n-0003ad80: 7572 6e2e 2020 4f6e 6c79 206f 6e65 206f urn. Only one o\n-0003ad90: 6620 7468 6573 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 f these options \n-0003ada0: 6d61 7920 6265 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 may be specified\n-0003adb0: 2061 740a 2020 2020 2061 2074 696d 652e at. a time.\n-0003adc0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 e280 a220 5768 .. ... Wh\n-0003add0: 656e 2067 6976 656e 20e2 8098 2d2d 6765 en given ...--ge\n-0003ade0: 742d 6279 7465 e280 992c 2072 6574 7572 t-byte..., retur\n-0003adf0: 6e20 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 2074 n the value of t\n-0003ae00: 6865 2062 7974 6520 6174 0a20 2020 2020 he byte at. \n-0003ae10: 2020 2020 204f 4646 5345 5420 6279 7465 OFFSET byte\n-0003ae20: 7320 696e 746f 2074 6865 2073 656c 6563 s into the selec\n-0003ae30: 7465 6420 534d 4249 4f53 2073 7472 7563 ted SMBIOS struc\n-0003ae40: 7475 7265 2e20 2049 7420 7769 6c6c 2062 ture. It will b\n-0003ae50: 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 666f 726d e. form\n-0003ae60: 6174 7465 6420 6173 2061 6e20 756e 7369 atted as an unsi\n-0003ae70: 676e 6564 2064 6563 696d 616c 2069 6e74 gned decimal int\n-0003ae80: 6567 6572 2e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 e280 eger.. ..\n-0003ae90: a220 5768 656e 2067 6976 656e 20e2 8098 . When given ...\n-0003aea0: 2d2d 6765 742d 776f 7264 e280 992c 2072 --get-word..., r\n-0003aeb0: 6574 7572 6e20 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 eturn the value \n-0003aec0: 6f66 2074 6865 2077 6f72 6420 2874 776f of the word (two\n-0003aed0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2062 7974 6573 . bytes\n-0003aee0: 2920 6174 204f 4646 5345 5420 6279 7465 ) at OFFSET byte\n-0003aef0: 7320 696e 746f 2074 6865 2073 656c 6563 s into the selec\n-0003af00: 7465 6420 534d 4249 4f53 2073 7472 7563 ted SMBIOS struc\n-0003af10: 7475 7265 2e20 2049 740a 2020 2020 2020 ture. It. \n-0003af20: 2020 2020 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 666f 726d will be form\n-0003af30: 6174 7465 6420 6173 2061 6e20 756e 7369 atted as an unsi\n-0003af40: 676e 6564 2064 6563 696d 616c 2069 6e74 gned decimal int\n-0003af50: 6567 6572 2e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 e280 eger.. ..\n-0003af60: a220 5768 656e 2067 6976 656e 20e2 8098 . When given ...\n-0003af70: 2d2d 6765 742d 6477 6f72 64e2 8099 2c20 --get-dword..., \n-0003af80: 7265 7475 726e 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 return the value\n-0003af90: 206f 6620 7468 6520 6477 6f72 6420 2866 of the dword (f\n-0003afa0: 6f75 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6279 our. by\n-0003afb0: 7465 7329 2061 7420 4f46 4653 4554 2062 tes) at OFFSET b\n-0003afc0: 7974 6573 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 7365 ytes into the se\n-0003afd0: 6c65 6374 6564 2053 4d42 494f 5320 7374 lected SMBIOS st\n-0003afe0: 7275 6374 7572 652e 2020 4974 0a20 2020 ructure. It. \n-0003aff0: 2020 2020 2020 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2066 will be f\n-0003b000: 6f72 6d61 7474 6564 2061 7320 616e 2075 ormatted as an u\n-0003b010: 6e73 6967 6e65 6420 6465 6369 6d61 6c20 nsigned decimal \n-0003b020: 696e 7465 6765 722e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 integer.. \n-0003b030: 20e2 80a2 2057 6865 6e20 6769 7665 6e20 ... When given \n-0003b040: e280 982d 2d67 6574 2d71 776f 7264 e280 ...--get-qword..\n-0003b050: 992c 2072 6574 7572 6e20 7468 6520 7661 ., return the va\n-0003b060: 6c75 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2071 776f 7264 lue of the qword\n-0003b070: 2028 6569 6768 740a 2020 2020 2020 2020 (eight. \n-0003b080: 2020 6279 7465 7329 2061 7420 4f46 4653 bytes) at OFFS\n-0003b090: 4554 2062 7974 6573 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 ET bytes into th\n-0003b0a0: 6520 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2053 4d42 494f e selected SMBIO\n-0003b0b0: 5320 7374 7275 6374 7572 652e 2020 4974 S structure. It\n-0003b0c0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2077 696c 6c20 . will \n-0003b0d0: 6265 2066 6f72 6d61 7474 6564 2061 7320 be formatted as \n-0003b0e0: 616e 2075 6e73 6967 6e65 6420 6465 6369 an unsigned deci\n-0003b0f0: 6d61 6c20 696e 7465 6765 722e 0a20 2020 mal integer.. \n-0003b100: 2020 2020 20e2 80a2 2057 6865 6e20 6769 ... When gi\n-0003b110: 7665 6e20 e280 982d 2d67 6574 2d73 7472 ven ...--get-str\n-0003b120: 696e 67e2 8099 2c20 7265 7475 726e 2074 ing..., return t\n-0003b130: 6865 2073 7472 696e 6720 7769 7468 2069 he string with i\n-0003b140: 7473 2069 6e64 6578 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ts index. \n-0003b150: 2020 2066 6f75 6e64 2061 7420 4f46 4653 found at OFFS\n-0003b160: 4554 2062 7974 6573 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 ET bytes into th\n-0003b170: 6520 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2053 4d42 494f e selected SMBIO\n-0003b180: 5320 7374 7275 6374 7572 652e 0a20 2020 S structure.. \n-0003b190: 2020 2020 20e2 80a2 2057 6865 6e20 6769 ... When gi\n-0003b1a0: 7665 6e20 e280 982d 2d67 6574 2d75 7569 ven ...--get-uui\n-0003b1b0: 64e2 8099 2c20 7265 7475 726e 2074 6865 d..., return the\n-0003b1c0: 2076 616c 7565 206f 6620 7468 6520 5555 value of the UU\n-0003b1d0: 4944 2028 7369 7874 6565 6e0a 2020 2020 ID (sixteen. \n-0003b1e0: 2020 2020 2020 6279 7465 7329 2061 7420 bytes) at \n-0003b1f0: 4f46 4653 4554 2062 7974 6573 2069 6e74 OFFSET bytes int\n-0003b200: 6f20 7468 6520 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2053 o the selected S\n-0003b210: 4d42 494f 5320 7374 7275 6374 7572 652e MBIOS structure.\n-0003b220: 2020 4974 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2077 It. w\n-0003b230: 696c 6c20 6265 2066 6f72 6d61 7474 6564 ill be formatted\n-0003b240: 2061 7320 6c6f 7765 722d 6361 7365 2068 as lower-case h\n-0003b250: 7970 6865 6e61 7465 6420 6865 7861 6465 yphenated hexade\n-0003b260: 6369 6d61 6c20 6469 6769 7473 2c0a 2020 cimal digits,. \n-0003b270: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7769 7468 2074 6865 with the\n-0003b280: 2066 6972 7374 2074 6872 6565 2066 6965 first three fie\n-0003b290: 6c64 7320 6173 206c 6974 746c 652d 656e lds as little-en\n-0003b2a0: 6469 616e 2c20 616e 6420 7468 6520 7265 dian, and the re\n-0003b2b0: 7374 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 7269 st. pri\n-0003b2c0: 6e74 6564 2062 7974 652d 6279 2d62 7974 nted byte-by-byt\n-0003b2d0: 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2064 6566 e... The def\n-0003b2e0: 6175 6c74 2061 6374 696f 6e20 6973 2074 ault action is t\n-0003b2f0: 6f20 7072 696e 7420 7468 6520 7661 6c75 o print the valu\n-0003b300: 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2072 6571 7565 7374 e of the request\n-0003b310: 6564 2066 6965 6c64 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 ed field to. \n-0003b320: 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 2c20 6275 the console, bu\n-0003b330: 7420 6120 7661 7269 6162 6c65 206e 616d t a variable nam\n-0003b340: 6520 6361 6e20 6265 2073 7065 6369 6669 e can be specifi\n-0003b350: 6564 2077 6974 6820 e280 982d 2d73 6574 ed with ...--set\n-0003b360: e280 9920 746f 0a20 2020 2020 7374 6f72 ... to. stor\n-0003b370: 6520 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 696e 7374 e the value inst\n-0003b380: 6561 6420 6f66 2070 7269 6e74 696e 6720 ead of printing \n-0003b390: 6974 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 466f 7220 6578 it... 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EXPR\n-0003c160: 4553 5349 4f4e 3120 e280 982d 6fe2 8099 ESSION1 ...-o...\n-0003c170: 2045 5850 5245 5353 494f 4e32 0a20 2020 EXPRESSION2. \n-0003c180: 2020 2020 2020 2065 6974 6865 7220 4558 either EX\n-0003c190: 5052 4553 5349 4f4e 3120 6f72 2045 5850 PRESSION1 or EXP\n-0003c1a0: 5245 5353 494f 4e32 2069 7320 7472 7565 RESSION2 is true\n-0003c1b0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-0003c1c0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7472 7565 nfo, Node: true\n-0003c1d0: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2074 7275 7374 2c20 , Next: trust, \n-0003c1e0: 2050 7265 763a 2074 6573 742c 2020 5570 Prev: test, Up\n-0003c1f0: 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 : Command-line c\n-0003c200: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3735 ommands..17.4.75\n-0003c210: 2074 7275 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d true.----------\n-0003c220: 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a --.. -- Command:\n-0003c230: 2074 7275 650a 2020 2020 2044 6f20 6e6f true. Do no\n-0003c240: 7468 696e 672c 2073 7563 6365 7373 6675 thing, successfu\n-0003c250: 6c6c 792e 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 6d61 lly. This is ma\n-0003c260: 696e 6c79 2075 7365 6675 6c20 696e 2063 inly useful in c\n-0003c270: 6f6e 7472 6f6c 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e73 ontrol. cons\n-0003c280: 7472 7563 7473 2073 7563 6820 6173 20e2 tructs such as .\n-0003c290: 8098 6966 e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 9877 ..if... and ...w\n-0003c2a0: 6869 6c65 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2053 hile... (*note S\n-0003c2b0: 6865 6c6c 2d6c 696b 6520 7363 7269 7074 hell-like script\n-0003c2c0: 696e 673a 3a29 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a ing::).....File:\n-0003c2d0: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-0003c2e0: 653a 2074 7275 7374 2c20 204e 6578 743a e: trust, Next:\n-0003c2f0: 2075 6e73 6574 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2074 unset, Prev: t\n-0003c300: 7275 652c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e rue, Up: Comman\n-0003c310: 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a d-line commands.\n-0003c320: 0a31 372e 342e 3736 2074 7275 7374 0a2d .17.4.76 trust.-\n-0003c330: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n-0003c340: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2074 7275 7374 - Command: trust\n-0003c350: 205b 2d2d 736b 6970 2d73 6967 5d20 7075 [--skip-sig] pu\n-0003c360: 626b 6579 5f66 696c 650a 2020 2020 2052 bkey_file. R\n-0003c370: 6561 6420 7075 626c 6963 206b 6579 2066 ead public key f\n-0003c380: 726f 6d20 5055 424b 4559 5f46 494c 4520 rom PUBKEY_FILE \n-0003c390: 616e 6420 6164 6420 6974 2074 6f20 4752 and add it to GR\n-0003c3a0: 5542 2773 2069 6e74 6572 6e61 6c20 6c69 UB's internal li\n-0003c3b0: 7374 0a20 2020 2020 6f66 2074 7275 7374 st. of trust\n-0003c3c0: 6564 2070 7562 6c69 6320 6b65 7973 2e20 ed public keys. \n-0003c3d0: 2054 6865 7365 206b 6579 7320 6172 6520 These keys are \n-0003c3e0: 7573 6564 2074 6f20 7661 6c69 6461 7465 used to validate\n-0003c3f0: 2064 6967 6974 616c 0a20 2020 2020 7369 digital. si\n-0003c400: 676e 6174 7572 6573 2077 6865 6e20 656e gnatures when en\n-0003c410: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 vironment variab\n-0003c420: 6c65 20e2 8098 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 676e le ...check_sign\n-0003c430: 6174 7572 6573 e280 9920 6973 2073 6574 atures... is set\n-0003c440: 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 656e 666f to. ...enfo\n-0003c450: 7263 65e2 8099 2e20 204e 6f74 6520 7468 rce.... Note th\n-0003c460: 6174 2069 6620 e280 9863 6865 636b 5f73 at if ...check_s\n-0003c470: 6967 6e61 7475 7265 73e2 8099 2069 7320 ignatures... is \n-0003c480: 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 656e 666f 7263 set to ...enforc\n-0003c490: 65e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 7768 656e 20e2 e.... when .\n-0003c4a0: 8098 7472 7573 74e2 8099 2065 7865 6375 ..trust... execu\n-0003c4b0: 7465 732c 2074 6865 6e20 5055 424b 4559 tes, then PUBKEY\n-0003c4c0: 5f46 494c 4520 6d75 7374 2069 7473 656c _FILE must itsel\n-0003c4d0: 6620 6265 2070 726f 7065 726c 790a 2020 f be properly. \n-0003c4e0: 2020 2073 6967 6e65 642e 2020 5468 6520 signed. The \n-0003c4f0: e280 982d 2d73 6b69 702d 7369 67e2 8099 ...--skip-sig...\n-0003c500: 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6361 6e20 6265 2075 option can be u\n-0003c510: 7365 6420 746f 2064 6973 6162 6c65 0a20 sed to disable. \n-0003c520: 2020 2020 7369 676e 6174 7572 652d 6368 signature-ch\n-0003c530: 6563 6b69 6e67 2077 6865 6e20 7265 6164 ecking when read\n-0003c540: 696e 6720 5055 424b 4559 5f46 494c 4520 ing PUBKEY_FILE \n-0003c550: 6974 7365 6c66 2e20 2049 7420 6973 2065 itself. It is e\n-0003c560: 7870 6563 7465 640a 2020 2020 2074 6861 xpected. tha\n-0003c570: 7420 e280 982d 2d73 6b69 702d 7369 67e2 t ...--skip-sig.\n-0003c580: 8099 2069 7320 7573 6566 756c 2066 6f72 .. is useful for\n-0003c590: 2074 6573 7469 6e67 2061 6e64 206d 616e testing and man\n-0003c5a0: 7561 6c20 626f 6f74 696e 672e 2020 2a4e ual booting. *N\n-0003c5b0: 6f74 650a 2020 2020 2055 7369 6e67 2064 ote. Using d\n-0003c5c0: 6967 6974 616c 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 igital signature\n-0003c5d0: 733a 3a2c 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 696e s::, for more in\n-0003c5e0: 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 formation.....Fi\n-0003c5f0: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-0003c600: 4e6f 6465 3a20 756e 7365 742c 2020 4e65 Node: unset, Ne\n-0003c610: 7874 3a20 7665 7269 6679 5f64 6574 6163 xt: verify_detac\n-0003c620: 6865 642c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7472 7573 hed, Prev: trus\n-0003c630: 742c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d t, Up: Command-\n-0003c640: 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 line commands..1\n-0003c650: 372e 342e 3737 2075 6e73 6574 0a2d 2d2d 7.4.77 unset.---\n-0003c660: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n-0003c670: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2075 6e73 6574 2065 Command: unset e\n-0003c680: 6e76 7661 720a 2020 2020 2055 6e73 6574 nvvar. Unset\n-0003c690: 2074 6865 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 the environment\n-0003c6a0: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 454e 5656 4152 variable ENVVAR\n-0003c6b0: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-0003c6c0: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2076 6572 info, Node: ver\n-0003c6d0: 6966 795f 6465 7461 6368 6564 2c20 204e ify_detached, N\n-0003c6e0: 6578 743a 2076 6964 656f 696e 666f 2c20 ext: videoinfo, \n-0003c6f0: 2050 7265 763a 2075 6e73 6574 2c20 2055 Prev: unset, U\n-0003c700: 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 p: Command-line \n-0003c710: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e37 commands..17.4.7\n-0003c720: 3820 7665 7269 6679 5f64 6574 6163 6865 8 verify_detache\n-0003c730: 640a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d d.--------------\n-0003c740: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n-0003c750: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 7665 7269 6679 5f64 ommand: verify_d\n-0003c760: 6574 6163 6865 6420 5b2d 2d73 6b69 702d etached [--skip-\n-0003c770: 7369 675d 2066 696c 6520 7369 676e 6174 sig] file signat\n-0003c780: 7572 655f 6669 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ure_file. \n-0003c790: 2020 205b 7075 626b 6579 5f66 696c 655d [pubkey_file]\n-0003c7a0: 0a20 2020 2020 5665 7269 6669 6573 2061 . Verifies a\n-0003c7b0: 2047 5047 2d73 7479 6c65 2064 6574 6163 GPG-style detac\n-0003c7c0: 6865 6420 7369 676e 6174 7572 652c 2077 hed signature, w\n-0003c7d0: 6865 7265 2074 6865 2073 6967 6e65 6420 here the signed \n-0003c7e0: 6669 6c65 2069 730a 2020 2020 2046 494c file is. FIL\n-0003c7f0: 452c 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2073 6967 6e61 E, and the signa\n-0003c800: 7475 7265 2069 7473 656c 6620 6973 2069 ture itself is i\n-0003c810: 6e20 6669 6c65 2053 4947 4e41 5455 5245 n file SIGNATURE\n-0003c820: 5f46 494c 452e 0a20 2020 2020 4f70 7469 _FILE.. Opti\n-0003c830: 6f6e 616c 6c79 2c20 6120 7370 6563 6966 onally, a specif\n-0003c840: 6963 2070 7562 6c69 6320 6b65 7920 746f ic public key to\n-0003c850: 2075 7365 2063 616e 2062 6520 7370 6563 use can be spec\n-0003c860: 6966 6965 6420 7573 696e 670a 2020 2020 ified using. \n-0003c870: 2050 5542 4b45 595f 4649 4c45 2e20 2057 PUBKEY_FILE. W\n-0003c880: 6865 6e20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 hen environment \n-0003c890: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 20e2 8098 6368 6563 variable ...chec\n-0003c8a0: 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 e280 9920 k_signatures... \n-0003c8b0: 6973 2073 6574 0a20 2020 2020 746f 20e2 is set. to .\n-0003c8c0: 8098 656e 666f 7263 65e2 8099 2c20 7468 ..enforce..., th\n-0003c8d0: 656e 2050 5542 4b45 595f 4649 4c45 206d en PUBKEY_FILE m\n-0003c8e0: 7573 7420 6974 7365 6c66 2062 6520 7072 ust itself be pr\n-0003c8f0: 6f70 6572 6c79 2073 6967 6e65 6420 6279 operly signed by\n-0003c900: 2061 6e0a 2020 2020 2061 6c72 6561 6479 an. already\n-0003c910: 2d74 7275 7374 6564 206b 6579 2e20 2041 -trusted key. A\n-0003c920: 6e20 756e 7369 676e 6564 2050 5542 4b45 n unsigned PUBKE\n-0003c930: 595f 4649 4c45 2063 616e 2062 6520 6c6f Y_FILE can be lo\n-0003c940: 6164 6564 2062 790a 2020 2020 2073 7065 aded by. spe\n-0003c950: 6369 6679 696e 6720 e280 982d 2d73 6b69 cifying ...--ski\n-0003c960: 702d 7369 67e2 8099 2e20 2049 6620 5055 p-sig.... If PU\n-0003c970: 424b 4559 5f46 494c 4520 6973 206f 6d69 BKEY_FILE is omi\n-0003c980: 7474 6564 2c20 7468 656e 2070 7562 6c69 tted, then publi\n-0003c990: 630a 2020 2020 206b 6579 7320 6672 6f6d c. keys from\n-0003c9a0: 2047 5255 4227 7320 7472 7573 7465 6420 GRUB's trusted \n-0003c9b0: 6b65 7973 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6c69 7374 keys (*note list\n-0003c9c0: 5f74 7275 7374 6564 3a3a 2c20 2a6e 6f74 _trusted::, *not\n-0003c9d0: 6520 7472 7573 743a 3a2c 0a20 2020 2020 e trust::,. \n-0003c9e0: 616e 6420 2a6e 6f74 6520 6469 7374 7275 and *note distru\n-0003c9f0: 7374 3a3a 2920 6172 6520 7472 6965 642e st::) are tried.\n-0003ca00: 0a0a 2020 2020 2045 7869 7420 636f 6465 .. Exit code\n-0003ca10: 20e2 8098 243f e280 9920 6973 2073 6574 ...$?... is set\n-0003ca20: 2074 6f20 3020 6966 2074 6865 2073 6967 to 0 if the sig\n-0003ca30: 6e61 7475 7265 2076 616c 6964 6174 6573 nature validates\n-0003ca40: 2073 7563 6365 7373 6675 6c6c 792e 0a20 successfully.. \n-0003ca50: 2020 2020 4966 2076 616c 6964 6174 696f If validatio\n-0003ca60: 6e20 6661 696c 732c 2069 7420 6973 2073 n fails, it is s\n-0003ca70: 6574 2074 6f20 6120 6e6f 6e2d 7a65 726f et to a non-zero\n-0003ca80: 2076 616c 7565 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 2055 value. *Note U\n-0003ca90: 7369 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 6469 6769 7461 sing. digita\n-0003caa0: 6c20 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 3a3a 2c20 l signatures::, \n-0003cab0: 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 for more informa\n-0003cac0: 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 tion.....File: g\n-0003cad0: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-0003cae0: 2076 6964 656f 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6578 videoinfo, Nex\n-0003caf0: 743a 2077 726d 7372 2c20 2050 7265 763a t: wrmsr, Prev:\n-0003cb00: 2076 6572 6966 795f 6465 7461 6368 6564 verify_detached\n-0003cb10: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c , Up: Command-l\n-0003cb20: 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 ine commands..17\n-0003cb30: 2e34 2e37 3920 7669 6465 6f69 6e66 6f0a .4.79 videoinfo.\n-0003cb40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0003cb50: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n-0003cb60: 7669 6465 6f69 6e66 6f20 5b5b 5778 485d videoinfo [[WxH]\n-0003cb70: 7844 5d0a 2020 2020 204c 6973 7420 6176 xD]. List av\n-0003cb80: 6169 6c61 626c 6520 7669 6465 6f20 6d6f ailable video mo\n-0003cb90: 6465 732e 2020 4966 2072 6573 6f6c 7574 des. If resolut\n-0003cba0: 696f 6e20 6973 2067 6976 656e 2c20 7368 ion is given, sh\n-0003cbb0: 6f77 206f 6e6c 790a 2020 2020 206d 6174 ow only. mat\n-0003cbc0: 6368 696e 6720 6d6f 6465 732e 0a0a 1f0a ching modes.....\n-0003cbd0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-0003cbe0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7772 6d73 722c 2020 Node: wrmsr, \n-0003cbf0: 5072 6576 3a20 7669 6465 6f69 6e66 6f2c Prev: videoinfo,\n-0003cc00: 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 Up: Command-li\n-0003cc10: 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ne commands..17.\n-0003cc20: 342e 3830 2077 726d 7372 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 4.80 wrmsr.-----\n-0003cc30: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f --------.. -- Co\n-0003cc40: 6d6d 616e 643a 3a20 7772 6d73 7220 3078 mmand:: wrmsr 0x\n-0003cc50: 4144 4452 2030 7856 414c 5545 0a20 2020 ADDR 0xVALUE. \n-0003cc60: 2020 5772 6974 6520 6120 3078 5641 4c55 Write a 0xVALU\n-0003cc70: 4520 746f 2061 206d 6f64 656c 2d73 7065 E to a model-spe\n-0003cc80: 6369 6669 6320 7265 6769 7374 6572 2061 cific register a\n-0003cc90: 7420 6164 6472 6573 7320 3078 4144 4452 t address 0xADDR\n-0003cca0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 506c 6561 7365 206e ... Please n\n-0003ccb0: 6f74 6520 7468 6174 206f 6e20 534d 5020 ote that on SMP \n-0003ccc0: 7379 7374 656d 732c 2077 7269 7469 6e67 systems, writing\n-0003ccd0: 2074 6f20 6120 4d53 5220 7468 6174 2068 to a MSR that h\n-0003cce0: 6173 2061 2073 636f 7065 0a20 2020 2020 as a scope. \n-0003ccf0: 7065 7220 6861 7264 7761 7265 2074 6872 per hardware thr\n-0003cd00: 6561 642c 2069 6d70 6c69 6573 2074 6861 ead, implies tha\n-0003cd10: 7420 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 7468 6174 t the value that\n-0003cd20: 2069 7320 7772 6974 7465 6e20 6f6e 6c79 is written only\n-0003cd30: 0a20 2020 2020 6170 706c 6965 7320 746f . applies to\n-0003cd40: 2074 6865 2070 6172 7469 6375 6c61 7220 the particular \n-0003cd50: 6370 752f 636f 7265 2f74 6872 6561 6420 cpu/core/thread \n-0003cd60: 7468 6174 2072 756e 7320 7468 6520 636f that runs the co\n-0003cd70: 6d6d 616e 642e 0a0a 2020 2020 2041 6c73 mmand... Als\n-0003cd80: 6f2c 2069 6620 796f 7520 7370 6563 6966 o, if you specif\n-0003cd90: 7920 6120 7265 7365 7276 6564 206f 7220 y a reserved or \n-0003cda0: 756e 696d 706c 656d 656e 7465 6420 4d53 unimplemented MS\n-0003cdb0: 5220 6164 6472 6573 732c 2069 740a 2020 R address, it. \n-0003cdc0: 2020 2077 696c 6c20 6361 7573 6520 6120 will cause a \n-0003cdd0: 6765 6e65 7261 6c20 7072 6f74 6563 7469 general protecti\n-0003cde0: 6f6e 2065 7863 6570 7469 6f6e 2028 7768 on exception (wh\n-0003cdf0: 6963 6820 6973 206e 6f74 2063 7572 7265 ich is not curre\n-0003ce00: 6e74 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 6265 696e 6720 ntly. being \n-0003ce10: 6861 6e64 6c65 6429 2061 6e64 2074 6865 handled) and the\n-0003ce20: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 7769 6c6c 2072 6562 system will reb\n-0003ce30: 6f6f 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 204e 6f74 653a oot... Note:\n-0003ce40: 2054 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 The command is \n-0003ce50: 6e6f 7420 616c 6c6f 7765 6420 7768 656e not allowed when\n-0003ce60: 206c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e20 6973 2065 6e66 lockdown is enf\n-0003ce70: 6f72 6365 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 orced (*note. \n-0003ce80: 2020 4c6f 636b 646f 776e 3a3a 292e 2020 Lockdown::). \n-0003ce90: 5468 6973 2069 7320 646f 6e65 2074 6f20 This is done to \n-0003cea0: 7072 6576 656e 7420 7375 6276 6572 7469 prevent subverti\n-0003ceb0: 6e67 2076 6172 696f 7573 2073 6563 7572 ng various secur\n-0003cec0: 6974 790a 2020 2020 206d 6563 6861 6e69 ity. mechani\n-0003ced0: 736d 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 sms.....File: gr\n-0003cee0: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-0003cef0: 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 Networking comma\n-0003cf00: 6e64 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 556e 646f nds, Next: Undo\n-0003cf10: 6375 6d65 6e74 6564 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 cumented command\n-0003cf20: 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e s, Prev: Comman\n-0003cf30: 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c d-line commands,\n-0003cf40: 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a Up: Commands..\n-0003cf50: 3137 2e35 204e 6574 776f 726b 696e 6720 17.5 Networking \n-0003cf60: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d commands.=======\n-0003cf70: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0003cf80: 3d0a 0a2a 204d 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 6e65 =..* Menu:..* ne\n-0003cf90: 745f 6164 645f 6164 6472 3a3a 2020 2020 t_add_addr:: \n-0003cfa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4164 6420 Add \n-0003cfb0: 6120 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 6164 6472 6573 a network addres\n-0003cfc0: 730a 2a20 6e65 745f 6164 645f 646e 733a s.* net_add_dns:\n-0003cfd0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0003cfe0: 2020 4164 6420 6120 444e 5320 7365 7276 Add a DNS serv\n-0003cff0: 6572 0a2a 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f72 6f75 er.* net_add_rou\n-0003d000: 7465 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 te:: \n-0003d010: 2020 2041 6464 2072 6f75 7469 6e67 2065 Add routing e\n-0003d020: 6e74 7279 0a2a 206e 6574 5f62 6f6f 7470 ntry.* net_bootp\n-0003d030: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n-0003d040: 2020 2020 2050 6572 666f 726d 2061 2062 Perform a b\n-0003d050: 6f6f 7470 2f44 4843 5020 6175 746f 636f ootp/DHCP autoco\n-0003d060: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e0a 2a20 6e65 nfiguration.* ne\n-0003d070: 745f 6465 6c5f 6164 6472 3a3a 2020 2020 t_del_addr:: \n-0003d080: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5265 6d6f Remo\n-0003d090: 7665 2049 5020 6164 6472 6573 7320 6672 ve IP address fr\n-0003d0a0: 6f6d 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 0a2a 206e om interface.* n\n-0003d0b0: 6574 5f64 656c 5f64 6e73 3a3a 2020 2020 et_del_dns:: \n-0003d0c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2052 656d Rem\n-0003d0d0: 6f76 6520 6120 444e 5320 7365 7276 6572 ove a DNS server\n-0003d0e0: 0a2a 206e 6574 5f64 656c 5f72 6f75 7465 .* net_del_route\n-0003d0f0: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n-0003d100: 2052 656d 6f76 6520 6120 726f 7574 6520 Remove a route \n-0003d110: 656e 7472 790a 2a20 6e65 745f 6468 6370 entry.* net_dhcp\n-0003d120: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n-0003d130: 2020 2020 2020 5065 7266 6f72 6d20 6120 Perform a \n-0003d140: 4448 4350 2061 7574 6f63 6f6e 6669 6775 DHCP autoconfigu\n-0003d150: 7261 7469 6f6e 0a2a 206e 6574 5f67 6574 ration.* net_get\n-0003d160: 5f64 6863 705f 6f70 7469 6f6e 3a3a 2020 _dhcp_option:: \n-0003d170: 2020 2020 2020 2052 6574 7269 6576 6520 Retrieve \n-0003d180: 4448 4350 206f 7074 696f 6e73 0a2a 206e DHCP options.* n\n-0003d190: 6574 5f69 7076 365f 6175 746f 636f 6e66 et_ipv6_autoconf\n-0003d1a0: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2050 6572 :: Per\n-0003d1b0: 666f 726d 2049 5076 3620 6175 746f 636f form IPv6 autoco\n-0003d1c0: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e0a 2a20 6e65 nfiguration.* ne\n-0003d1d0: 745f 6c73 5f61 6464 723a 3a20 2020 2020 t_ls_addr:: \n-0003d1e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c69 7374 List\n-0003d1f0: 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 730a 2a20 6e65 interfaces.* ne\n-0003d200: 745f 6c73 5f63 6172 6473 3a3a 2020 2020 t_ls_cards:: \n-0003d210: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c69 7374 List\n-0003d220: 206e 6574 776f 726b 2063 6172 6473 0a2a network cards.*\n-0003d230: 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 646e 733a 3a20 2020 net_ls_dns:: \n-0003d240: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c L\n-0003d250: 6973 7420 444e 5320 7365 7276 6572 730a ist DNS servers.\n-0003d260: 2a20 6e65 745f 6c73 5f72 6f75 7465 733a * net_ls_routes:\n-0003d270: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0003d280: 4c69 7374 2072 6f75 7469 6e67 2065 6e74 List routing ent\n-0003d290: 7269 6573 0a2a 206e 6574 5f6e 736c 6f6f ries.* net_nsloo\n-0003d2a0: 6b75 703a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 kup:: \n-0003d2b0: 2020 2020 2050 6572 666f 726d 2061 2044 Perform a D\n-0003d2c0: 4e53 206c 6f6f 6b75 700a 2a20 6e65 745f NS lookup.* net_\n-0003d2d0: 7365 745f 766c 616e 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 set_vlan:: \n-0003d2e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5365 7420 766c Set vl\n-0003d2f0: 616e 2069 6420 6f6e 2061 6e20 696e 7465 an id on an inte\n-0003d300: 7266 6163 650a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 rface....File: g\n-0003d310: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-0003d320: 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f61 6464 722c 2020 net_add_addr, \n-0003d330: 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f 6164 645f 646e Next: net_add_dn\n-0003d340: 732c 2020 5570 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 s, Up: Networki\n-0003d350: 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ng commands..17.\n-0003d360: 352e 3120 6e65 745f 6164 645f 6164 6472 5.1 net_add_addr\n-0003d370: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n-0003d380: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n-0003d390: 643a 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f61 6464 7220 d: net_add_addr \n-0003d3a0: 494e 5445 5246 4143 4520 4341 5244 2041 INTERFACE CARD A\n-0003d3b0: 4444 5245 5353 0a20 2020 2020 436f 6e66 DDRESS. Conf\n-0003d3c0: 6967 7572 6520 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c igure additional\n-0003d3d0: 206e 6574 776f 726b 2049 4e54 4552 4641 network INTERFA\n-0003d3e0: 4345 2077 6974 6820 4144 4452 4553 5320 CE with ADDRESS \n-0003d3f0: 6f6e 2061 206e 6574 776f 726b 0a20 2020 on a network. \n-0003d400: 2020 4341 5244 2e20 2041 4444 5245 5353 CARD. ADDRESS\n-0003d410: 2063 616e 2062 6520 6569 7468 6572 2049 can be either I\n-0003d420: 5020 696e 2064 6f74 7465 6420 6465 6369 P in dotted deci\n-0003d430: 6d61 6c20 6e6f 7461 7469 6f6e 2c20 6f72 mal notation, or\n-0003d440: 0a20 2020 2020 7379 6d62 6f6c 6963 206e . symbolic n\n-0003d450: 616d 6520 7768 6963 6820 6973 2072 6573 ame which is res\n-0003d460: 6f6c 7665 6420 7573 696e 6720 444e 5320 olved using DNS \n-0003d470: 6c6f 6f6b 7570 2e20 2049 6620 7375 6363 lookup. If succ\n-0003d480: 6573 7366 756c 2c0a 2020 2020 2074 6869 essful,. thi\n-0003d490: 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 616c 736f 2061 s command also a\n-0003d4a0: 6464 7320 6c6f 6361 6c20 6c69 6e6b 2072 dds local link r\n-0003d4b0: 6f75 7469 6e67 2065 6e74 7279 2074 6f20 outing entry to \n-0003d4c0: 7468 6520 6465 6661 756c 740a 2020 2020 the default. \n-0003d4d0: 2073 7562 6e65 7420 6f66 2041 4444 5245 subnet of ADDRE\n-0003d4e0: 5353 2077 6974 6820 6e61 6d65 2049 4e54 SS with name INT\n-0003d4f0: 4552 4641 4345 e280 983a 6c6f 6361 6ce2 ERFACE...:local.\n-0003d500: 8099 2076 6961 2049 4e54 4552 4641 4345 .. via INTERFACE\n-0003d510: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-0003d520: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 info, Node: net\n-0003d530: 5f61 6464 5f64 6e73 2c20 204e 6578 743a _add_dns, Next:\n-0003d540: 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f72 6f75 7465 2c20 net_add_route, \n-0003d550: 2050 7265 763a 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f61 Prev: net_add_a\n-0003d560: 6464 722c 2020 5570 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 ddr, Up: Networ\n-0003d570: 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 king commands..1\n-0003d580: 372e 352e 3220 6e65 745f 6164 645f 646e 7.5.2 net_add_dn\n-0003d590: 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d s.--------------\n-0003d5a0: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n-0003d5b0: 643a 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f64 6e73 2053 d: net_add_dns S\n-0003d5c0: 4552 5645 520a 2020 2020 2052 6573 6f6c ERVER. Resol\n-0003d5d0: 7665 2053 4552 5645 5220 4950 2061 6464 ve SERVER IP add\n-0003d5e0: 7265 7373 2061 6e64 2061 6464 2074 6f20 ress and add to \n-0003d5f0: 7468 6520 6c69 7374 206f 6620 444e 5320 the list of DNS \n-0003d600: 7365 7276 6572 7320 7573 6564 0a20 2020 servers used. \n-0003d610: 2020 6475 7269 6e67 206e 616d 6520 6c6f during name lo\n-0003d620: 6f6b 7570 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 okup.....File: g\n-0003d630: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-0003d640: 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f72 6f75 7465 2c20 net_add_route, \n-0003d650: 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f62 6f6f 7470 Next: net_bootp\n-0003d660: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e 6574 5f61 6464 , Prev: net_add\n-0003d670: 5f64 6e73 2c20 2055 703a 204e 6574 776f _dns, Up: Netwo\n-0003d680: 726b 696e 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a rking commands..\n-0003d690: 3137 2e35 2e33 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f72 17.5.3 net_add_r\n-0003d6a0: 6f75 7465 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d oute.-----------\n-0003d6b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n-0003d6c0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e65 745f 6164 645f ommand: net_add_\n-0003d6d0: 726f 7574 6520 5348 4f52 544e 414d 4520 route SHORTNAME \n-0003d6e0: 4950 5b2f 5052 4546 4958 5d20 5b49 4e54 IP[/PREFIX] [INT\n-0003d6f0: 4552 4641 4345 207c 2067 770a 2020 2020 ERFACE | gw. \n-0003d700: 2020 2020 2020 4741 5445 5741 595d 0a20 GATEWAY]. \n-0003d710: 2020 2020 4164 6420 726f 7574 6520 746f Add route to\n-0003d720: 206e 6574 776f 726b 2077 6974 6820 6164 network with ad\n-0003d730: 6472 6573 7320 4950 2061 7320 6d6f 6469 dress IP as modi\n-0003d740: 6669 6564 2062 7920 5052 4546 4958 2076 fied by PREFIX v\n-0003d750: 6961 0a20 2020 2020 6569 7468 6572 206c ia. either l\n-0003d760: 6f63 616c 2049 4e54 4552 4641 4345 206f ocal INTERFACE o\n-0003d770: 7220 4741 5445 5741 592e 2020 5052 4546 r GATEWAY. PREF\n-0003d780: 4958 2069 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 616c 2061 IX is optional a\n-0003d790: 6e64 2064 6566 6175 6c74 730a 2020 2020 nd defaults. \n-0003d7a0: 2074 6f20 3332 2066 6f72 2049 5076 3420 to 32 for IPv4 \n-0003d7b0: 6164 6472 6573 7320 616e 6420 3132 3820 address and 128 \n-0003d7c0: 666f 7220 4950 7636 2061 6464 7265 7373 for IPv6 address\n-0003d7d0: 2e20 2052 6f75 7465 2069 730a 2020 2020 . Route is. \n-0003d7e0: 2069 6465 6e74 6966 6965 6420 6279 2053 identified by S\n-0003d7f0: 484f 5254 4e41 4d45 2077 6869 6368 2063 HORTNAME which c\n-0003d800: 616e 2062 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f20 7265 an be used to re\n-0003d810: 6d6f 7665 2069 7420 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 move it (*note. \n-0003d820: 2020 2020 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 726f 7574 net_del_rout\n-0003d830: 653a 3a29 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 e::).....File: g\n-0003d840: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-0003d850: 206e 6574 5f62 6f6f 7470 2c20 204e 6578 net_bootp, Nex\n-0003d860: 743a 206e 6574 5f64 656c 5f61 6464 722c t: net_del_addr,\n-0003d870: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 6164 645f Prev: net_add_\n-0003d880: 726f 7574 652c 2020 5570 3a20 4e65 7477 route, Up: Netw\n-0003d890: 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a orking commands.\n-0003d8a0: 0a31 372e 352e 3420 6e65 745f 626f 6f74 .17.5.4 net_boot\n-0003d8b0: 700a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d p.--------------\n-0003d8c0: 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a --.. -- Command:\n-0003d8d0: 206e 6574 5f62 6f6f 7470 205b 4341 5244 net_bootp [CARD\n-0003d8e0: 5d0a 2020 2020 2041 6c69 6173 2066 6f72 ]. Alias for\n-0003d8f0: 206e 6574 5f64 6863 702c 2066 6f72 2063 net_dhcp, for c\n-0003d900: 6f6d 7061 7469 6269 6c69 7479 2077 6974 ompatibility wit\n-0003d910: 6820 6f6c 6465 7220 4772 7562 2076 6572 h older Grub ver\n-0003d920: 7369 6f6e 732e 0a20 2020 2020 5769 6c6c sions.. Will\n-0003d930: 2070 6572 666f 726d 2074 6865 2073 616d perform the sam\n-0003d940: 6520 4448 4350 2068 616e 6473 6861 6b65 e DHCP handshake\n-0003d950: 2077 6974 6820 706f 7465 6e74 6961 6c20 with potential \n-0003d960: 6661 6c6c 6261 636b 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 fallback to. \n-0003d970: 2042 4f4f 5450 2061 7320 7468 6520 6e65 BOOTP as the ne\n-0003d980: 745f 6468 6370 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 t_dhcp command (\n-0003d990: 2a6e 6f74 6520 6e65 745f 6468 6370 3a3a *note net_dhcp::\n-0003d9a0: 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 ).....File: grub\n-0003d9b0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 .info, Node: ne\n-0003d9c0: 745f 6465 6c5f 6164 6472 2c20 204e 6578 t_del_addr, Nex\n-0003d9d0: 743a 206e 6574 5f64 656c 5f64 6e73 2c20 t: net_del_dns, \n-0003d9e0: 2050 7265 763a 206e 6574 5f62 6f6f 7470 Prev: net_bootp\n-0003d9f0: 2c20 2055 703a 204e 6574 776f 726b 696e , Up: Networkin\n-0003da00: 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 g commands..17.5\n-0003da10: 2e35 206e 6574 5f64 656c 5f61 6464 720a .5 net_del_addr.\n-0003da20: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0003da30: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n-0003da40: 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 6164 6472 2049 : net_del_addr I\n-0003da50: 4e54 4552 4641 4345 0a20 2020 2020 5265 NTERFACE. Re\n-0003da60: 6d6f 7665 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 6420 move configured \n-0003da70: 494e 5445 5246 4143 4520 7769 7468 2061 INTERFACE with a\n-0003da80: 7373 6f63 6961 7465 6420 6164 6472 6573 ssociated addres\n-0003da90: 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 s.....File: grub\n-0003daa0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 .info, Node: ne\n-0003dab0: 745f 6465 6c5f 646e 732c 2020 4e65 7874 t_del_dns, Next\n-0003dac0: 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 726f 7574 652c : net_del_route,\n-0003dad0: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f Prev: net_del_\n-0003dae0: 6164 6472 2c20 2055 703a 204e 6574 776f addr, Up: Netwo\n-0003daf0: 726b 696e 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a rking commands..\n-0003db00: 3137 2e35 2e36 206e 6574 5f64 656c 5f64 17.5.6 net_del_d\n-0003db10: 6e73 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ns.-------------\n-0003db20: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 -----.. -- Comma\n-0003db30: 6e64 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 646e 7320 nd: net_del_dns \n-0003db40: 4144 4452 4553 530a 2020 2020 2052 656d ADDRESS. Rem\n-0003db50: 6f76 6520 4144 4452 4553 5320 6672 6f6d ove ADDRESS from\n-0003db60: 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2073 6572 7665 7273 list of servers\n-0003db70: 2075 7365 6420 6475 7269 6e67 206e 616d used during nam\n-0003db80: 6520 6c6f 6f6b 7570 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c e lookup.....Fil\n-0003db90: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-0003dba0: 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f64 656c 5f72 6f75 ode: net_del_rou\n-0003dbb0: 7465 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f64 te, Next: net_d\n-0003dbc0: 6863 702c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f hcp, Prev: net_\n-0003dbd0: 6465 6c5f 646e 732c 2020 5570 3a20 4e65 del_dns, Up: Ne\n-0003dbe0: 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 tworking command\n-0003dbf0: 730a 0a31 372e 352e 3720 6e65 745f 6465 s..17.5.7 net_de\n-0003dc00: 6c5f 726f 7574 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d l_route.--------\n-0003dc10: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n-0003dc20: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206e 6574 5f64 - Command: net_d\n-0003dc30: 656c 5f72 6f75 7465 2053 484f 5254 4e41 el_route SHORTNA\n-0003dc40: 4d45 0a20 2020 2020 5265 6d6f 7665 2072 ME. Remove r\n-0003dc50: 6f75 7465 2065 6e74 7279 2069 6465 6e74 oute entry ident\n-0003dc60: 6966 6965 6420 6279 2053 484f 5254 4e41 ified by SHORTNA\n-0003dc70: 4d45 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ME.....File: gru\n-0003dc80: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e b.info, Node: n\n-0003dc90: 6574 5f64 6863 702c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 et_dhcp, Next: \n-0003dca0: 6e65 745f 6765 745f 6468 6370 5f6f 7074 net_get_dhcp_opt\n-0003dcb0: 696f 6e2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f ion, Prev: net_\n-0003dcc0: 6465 6c5f 726f 7574 652c 2020 5570 3a20 del_route, Up: \n-0003dcd0: 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 Networking comma\n-0003dce0: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 352e 3820 6e65 745f nds..17.5.8 net_\n-0003dcf0: 6468 6370 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d dhcp.-----------\n-0003dd00: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n-0003dd10: 643a 206e 6574 5f64 6863 7020 5b43 4152 d: net_dhcp [CAR\n-0003dd20: 445d 0a20 2020 2020 5065 7266 6f72 6d20 D]. Perform \n-0003dd30: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 configuration of\n-0003dd40: 2043 4152 4420 7573 696e 6720 4448 4350 CARD using DHCP\n-0003dd50: 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c2e 2020 4966 206e protocol. If n\n-0003dd60: 6f20 6361 7264 206e 616d 650a 2020 2020 o card name. \n-0003dd70: 2069 7320 7370 6563 6966 6965 642c 2074 is specified, t\n-0003dd80: 7279 2074 6f20 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6520 ry to configure \n-0003dd90: 616c 6c20 6578 6973 7469 6e67 2063 6172 all existing car\n-0003dda0: 6473 2e20 2046 616c 6c73 2062 6163 6b20 ds. Falls back \n-0003ddb0: 746f 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 424f 4f54 to. the BOOT\n-0003ddc0: 5020 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2c20 6966 206e P protocol, if n\n-0003ddd0: 6565 6465 642e 2020 4966 2063 6f6e 6669 eeded. If confi\n-0003dde0: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2077 6173 2073 7563 guration was suc\n-0003ddf0: 6365 7373 6675 6c2c 0a20 2020 2020 696e cessful,. in\n-0003de00: 7465 7266 6163 6520 7769 7468 206e 616d terface with nam\n-0003de10: 6520 4341 5244 e280 983a 6468 6370 e280 e CARD...:dhcp..\n-0003de20: 9920 616e 6420 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 . and configured\n-0003de30: 2061 6464 7265 7373 2069 7320 6164 6465 address is adde\n-0003de40: 6420 746f 0a20 2020 2020 4341 5244 2e20 d to. CARD. \n-0003de50: 2041 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c6c 7920 7468 Additionally th\n-0003de60: 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 4448 4350 e following DHCP\n-0003de70: 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 7265 2072 6563 options are rec\n-0003de80: 6f67 6e69 7a65 6420 616e 640a 2020 2020 ognized and. \n-0003de90: 2070 726f 6365 7373 6564 3a0a 0a20 2020 processed:.. \n-0003dea0: 2020 e280 9831 2028 5375 626e 6574 204d ...1 (Subnet M\n-0003deb0: 6173 6b29 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ask).... \n-0003dec0: 2020 5573 6564 2074 6f20 6361 6c63 756c Used to calcul\n-0003ded0: 6174 6520 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 6c6f 6361 ate network loca\n-0003dee0: 6c20 726f 7574 696e 6720 656e 7472 7920 l routing entry \n-0003def0: 666f 7220 696e 7465 7266 6163 650a 2020 for interface. \n-0003df00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4341 5244 e280 983a CARD...:\n-0003df10: 6468 6370 e280 992e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 dhcp..... ..\n-0003df20: 9833 2028 526f 7574 6572 29e2 8099 0a20 .3 (Router).... \n-0003df30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2041 6464 7320 6465 Adds de\n-0003df40: 6661 756c 7420 726f 7574 6520 656e 7472 fault route entr\n-0003df50: 7920 7769 7468 2074 6865 206e 616d 6520 y with the name \n-0003df60: 4341 5244 e280 983a 6468 6370 3a64 6566 CARD...:dhcp:def\n-0003df70: 6175 6c74 e280 9920 7669 610a 2020 2020 ault... via. \n-0003df80: 2020 2020 2020 6761 7465 7761 7920 6672 gateway fr\n-0003df90: 6f6d 2044 4843 5020 6f70 7469 6f6e 2e20 om DHCP option. \n-0003dfa0: 204e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 206f 6e6c 7920 Note that only \n-0003dfb0: 6f70 7469 6f6e 2077 6974 6820 7369 6e67 option with sing\n-0003dfc0: 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2072 6f75 le. rou\n-0003dfd0: 7465 2069 7320 6163 6365 7074 6564 2e0a te is accepted..\n-0003dfe0: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 3620 2844 6f6d 6169 ...6 (Domai\n-0003dff0: 6e20 4e61 6d65 2053 6572 7665 7229 e280 n Name Server)..\n-0003e000: 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4164 6473 .. Adds\n-0003e010: 2061 6c6c 2073 6572 7665 7273 2066 726f all servers fro\n-0003e020: 6d20 6f70 7469 6f6e 2076 616c 7565 2074 m option value t\n-0003e030: 6f20 7468 6520 6c69 7374 206f 6620 7365 o the list of se\n-0003e040: 7276 6572 7320 7573 6564 0a20 2020 2020 rvers used. \n-0003e050: 2020 2020 2064 7572 696e 6720 6e61 6d65 during name\n-0003e060: 2072 6573 6f6c 7574 696f 6e2e 0a20 2020 resolution.. \n-0003e070: 2020 e280 9831 3220 2848 6f73 7420 4e61 ...12 (Host Na\n-0003e080: 6d65 29e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 me).... \n-0003e090: 2053 6574 7320 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e Sets environmen\n-0003e0a0: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 20e2 8098 6e65 t variable ...ne\n-0003e0b0: 745f e280 993c 4341 5244 3ee2 8098 5f64 t_......_d\n-0003e0c0: 6863 705f 686f 7374 6e61 6d65 e280 9920 hcp_hostname... \n-0003e0d0: 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 (*note. \n-0003e0e0: 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e net_\n-0003e0f0: 5f68 6f73 746e 616d 653a 3a29 2074 6f20 _hostname::) to \n-0003e100: 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 206f 7074 the value of opt\n-0003e110: 696f 6e2e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9831 3520 ion.. ...15 \n-0003e120: 2844 6f6d 6169 6e20 4e61 6d65 29e2 8099 (Domain Name)...\n-0003e130: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 6574 7320 . Sets \n-0003e140: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n-0003e150: 6162 6c65 20e2 8098 6e65 745f e280 993c able ...net_...<\n-0003e160: 4341 5244 3ee2 8098 5f64 6863 705f 646f CARD>..._dhcp_do\n-0003e170: 6d61 696e e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 main... (*note. \n-0003e180: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6574 5f3c 494e net__domain:\n-0003e1a0: 3a29 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 :) to the value \n-0003e1b0: 6f66 206f 7074 696f 6e2e 0a20 2020 2020 of option.. \n-0003e1c0: e280 9831 3720 2852 6f6f 7420 5061 7468 ...17 (Root Path\n-0003e1d0: 29e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 ).... S\n-0003e1e0: 6574 7320 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 ets environment \n-0003e1f0: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 20e2 8098 6e65 745f variable ...net_\n-0003e200: e280 993c 4341 5244 3ee2 8098 5f64 6863 ......_dhc\n-0003e210: 705f 726f 6f74 7061 7468 e280 9920 282a p_rootpath... (*\n-0003e220: 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e note. n\n-0003e230: 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f72 et__r\n-0003e240: 6f6f 7470 6174 683a 3a29 2074 6f20 7468 ootpath::) to th\n-0003e250: 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 206f 7074 696f e value of optio\n-0003e260: 6e2e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9831 3820 2845 n.. ...18 (E\n-0003e270: 7874 656e 7369 6f6e 7320 5061 7468 29e2 xtensions Path).\n-0003e280: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 6574 ... Set\n-0003e290: 7320 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 s environment va\n-0003e2a0: 7269 6162 6c65 20e2 8098 6e65 745f e280 riable ...net_..\n-0003e2b0: 993c 4341 5244 3ee2 8098 5f64 6863 705f ...._dhcp_\n-0003e2c0: 6578 7465 6e73 696f 6e73 7061 7468 e280 extensionspath..\n-0003e2d0: 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 282a 6e6f .. (*no\n-0003e2e0: 7465 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 te net__extensionspat\n-0003e300: 683a 3a29 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7661 6c75 h::) to the valu\n-0003e310: 6520 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 206f e of. o\n-0003e320: 7074 696f 6e2e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9836 ption.. ...6\n-0003e330: 3620 2854 4654 5020 5365 7276 6572 204e 6 (TFTP Server N\n-0003e340: 616d 6529 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ame).... \n-0003e350: 2020 5365 7473 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 Sets environme\n-0003e360: 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 e280 986e nt variable ...n\n-0003e370: 6574 5fe2 8099 3c43 4152 443e e280 985f et_......_\n-0003e380: 6468 6370 5f73 6572 7665 725f 6e61 6d65 dhcp_server_name\n-0003e390: e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 282a .... (*\n-0003e3a0: 6e6f 7465 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 note net__dhcp_server\n-0003e3c0: 5f6e 616d 653a 3a29 2074 6f20 7468 6520 _name::) to the \n-0003e3d0: 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 2020 value of. \n-0003e3e0: 2020 206f 7074 696f 6e2e 0a20 2020 2020 option.. \n-0003e3f0: e280 9836 3720 2846 696c 656e 616d 6529 ...67 (Filename)\n-0003e400: e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5365 .... Se\n-0003e410: 7473 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 ts environment v\n-0003e420: 6172 6961 626c 6520 e280 986e 6574 5fe2 ariable ...net_.\n-0003e430: 8099 3c43 4152 443e e280 985f 626f 6f74 ....._boot\n-0003e440: 5f66 696c 65e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a _file... (*note.\n-0003e450: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e65 745f 3c49 net__boot_f\n-0003e470: 696c 653a 3a29 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7661 ile::) to the va\n-0003e480: 6c75 6520 6f66 206f 7074 696f 6e2e 0a0a lue of option...\n-0003e490: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-0003e4a0: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6765 o, Node: net_ge\n-0003e4b0: 745f 6468 6370 5f6f 7074 696f 6e2c 2020 t_dhcp_option, \n-0003e4c0: 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f 6970 7636 5f61 Next: net_ipv6_a\n-0003e4d0: 7574 6f63 6f6e 662c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 utoconf, Prev: \n-0003e4e0: 6e65 745f 6468 6370 2c20 2055 703a 204e net_dhcp, Up: N\n-0003e4f0: 6574 776f 726b 696e 6720 636f 6d6d 616e etworking comman\n-0003e500: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 2e39 206e 6574 5f67 ds..17.5.9 net_g\n-0003e510: 6574 5f64 6863 705f 6f70 7469 6f6e 0a2d et_dhcp_option.-\n+00039bd0: 2044 6f77 6e0a 2020 2020 2075 7020 2020 Down. up \n+00039be0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039bf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2055 700a 2020 2020 Up. \n+00039c00: 206c 6566 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 left \n+00039c10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c L\n+00039c20: 6566 740a 2020 2020 2072 6967 6874 2020 eft. right \n+00039c30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039c40: 2020 2020 2020 2052 6967 6874 0a0a 2020 Right.. \n+00039c50: 2020 2041 7320 7765 6c6c 2061 7320 6b65 As well as ke\n+00039c60: 7973 7472 6f6b 6573 2c20 7468 6520 e280 ystrokes, the ..\n+00039c70: 9873 656e 646b 6579 e280 9920 636f 6d6d .sendkey... comm\n+00039c80: 616e 6420 7461 6b65 7320 7661 7269 6f75 and takes variou\n+00039c90: 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 730a 2020 2020 2074 s options. t\n+00039ca0: 6861 7420 6166 6665 6374 2074 6865 2042 hat affect the B\n+00039cb0: 494f 5320 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 2073 7461 IOS keyboard sta\n+00039cc0: 7475 7320 666c 6167 732e 2020 5468 6573 tus flags. Thes\n+00039cd0: 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 7461 6b65 2061 e options take a\n+00039ce0: 6e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6f6e e280 9920 n. ...on... \n+00039cf0: 6f72 20e2 8098 6f66 66e2 8099 2070 6172 or ...off... par\n+00039d00: 616d 6574 6572 2c20 7370 6563 6966 7969 ameter, specifyi\n+00039d10: 6e67 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 636f 7272 ng that the corr\n+00039d20: 6573 706f 6e64 696e 6720 7374 6174 7573 esponding status\n+00039d30: 0a20 2020 2020 666c 6167 2062 6520 7365 . flag be se\n+00039d40: 7420 6f72 2075 6e73 6574 3b20 6f6d 6974 t or unset; omit\n+00039d50: 7469 6e67 2074 6865 206f 7074 696f 6e20 ting the option \n+00039d60: 666f 7220 6120 6769 7665 6e20 7374 6174 for a given stat\n+00039d70: 7573 2066 6c61 670a 2020 2020 2077 696c us flag. wil\n+00039d80: 6c20 6c65 6176 6520 7468 6174 2066 6c61 l leave that fla\n+00039d90: 6720 6174 2069 7473 2069 6e69 7469 616c g at its initial\n+00039da0: 2073 7461 7465 2061 7420 626f 6f74 2e20 state at boot. \n+00039db0: 2054 6865 20e2 8098 2d2d 6e75 6de2 8099 The ...--num...\n+00039dc0: 2c0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2d2d 6361 7073 ,. ...--caps\n+00039dd0: e280 992c 20e2 8098 2d2d 7363 726f 6c6c ..., ...--scroll\n+00039de0: e280 992c 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 2d2d 696e ..., and ...--in\n+00039df0: 7365 7274 e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 sert... options \n+00039e00: 656d 756c 6174 6520 7365 7474 696e 6720 emulate setting \n+00039e10: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f72 7265 7370 the. corresp\n+00039e20: 6f6e 6469 6e67 206d 6f64 652c 2077 6869 onding mode, whi\n+00039e30: 6c65 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2d2d 6e75 6d6b le the ...--numk\n+00039e40: 6579 e280 992c 20e2 8098 2d2d 6361 7073 ey..., ...--caps\n+00039e50: 6b65 79e2 8099 2c0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 key...,. ...\n+00039e60: 2d2d 7363 726f 6c6c 6b65 79e2 8099 2c20 --scrollkey..., \n+00039e70: 616e 6420 e280 982d 2d69 6e73 6572 746b and ...--insertk\n+00039e80: 6579 e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 656d ey... options em\n+00039e90: 756c 6174 6520 7072 6573 7369 6e67 2061 ulate pressing a\n+00039ea0: 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 686f 6c64 696e 6720 nd. holding \n+00039eb0: 7468 6520 636f 7272 6573 706f 6e64 696e the correspondin\n+00039ec0: 6720 6b65 792e 2020 5468 6520 6f74 6865 g key. The othe\n+00039ed0: 7220 7374 6174 7573 2066 6c61 6720 6f70 r status flag op\n+00039ee0: 7469 6f6e 7320 6172 650a 2020 2020 2073 tions are. s\n+00039ef0: 656c 662d 6578 706c 616e 6174 6f72 792e elf-explanatory.\n+00039f00: 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 7468 6520 e280 .. If the ..\n+00039f10: 982d 2d6e 6f2d 6c65 64e2 8099 206f 7074 .--no-led... opt\n+00039f20: 696f 6e20 6973 2067 6976 656e 2c20 7468 ion is given, th\n+00039f30: 6520 7374 6174 7573 2066 6c61 6720 6f70 e status flag op\n+00039f40: 7469 6f6e 7320 7769 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 tions will. \n+00039f50: 6861 7665 206e 6f20 6566 6665 6374 206f have no effect o\n+00039f60: 6e20 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 204c 4544 732e n keyboard LEDs.\n+00039f70: 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 7468 6520 e280 .. If the ..\n+00039f80: 9873 656e 646b 6579 e280 9920 636f 6d6d .sendkey... comm\n+00039f90: 616e 6420 6973 2067 6976 656e 206d 756c and is given mul\n+00039fa0: 7469 706c 6520 7469 6d65 732c 2074 6865 tiple times, the\n+00039fb0: 6e20 6f6e 6c79 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 n only the. \n+00039fc0: 6c61 7374 2069 6e76 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 last invocation \n+00039fd0: 6861 7320 616e 7920 6566 6665 6374 2e0a has any effect..\n+00039fe0: 0a20 2020 2020 5369 6e63 6520 e280 9873 . Since ...s\n+00039ff0: 656e 646b 6579 e280 9920 6d61 6e69 7075 endkey... manipu\n+0003a000: 6c61 7465 7320 7468 6520 4249 4f53 206b lates the BIOS k\n+0003a010: 6579 626f 6172 6420 6275 6666 6572 2c20 eyboard buffer, \n+0003a020: 6974 206d 6179 2063 6175 7365 0a20 2020 it may cause. \n+0003a030: 2020 6861 6e67 732c 2072 6562 6f6f 7473 hangs, reboots\n+0003a040: 2c20 6f72 206f 7468 6572 206d 6973 6265 , or other misbe\n+0003a050: 6861 7669 6f75 7220 6f6e 2073 6f6d 6520 haviour on some \n+0003a060: 7379 7374 656d 732e 2020 4966 2074 6865 systems. If the\n+0003a070: 0a20 2020 2020 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 . operating \n+0003a080: 7379 7374 656d 206f 7220 626f 6f74 206c system or boot l\n+0003a090: 6f61 6465 7220 7468 6174 2072 756e 7320 oader that runs \n+0003a0a0: 6166 7465 7220 4752 5542 2075 7365 7320 after GRUB uses \n+0003a0b0: 6974 7320 6f77 6e0a 2020 2020 206b 6579 its own. key\n+0003a0c0: 626f 6172 6420 6472 6976 6572 2072 6174 board driver rat\n+0003a0d0: 6865 7220 7468 616e 2074 6865 2042 494f her than the BIO\n+0003a0e0: 5320 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 2066 756e 6374 S keyboard funct\n+0003a0f0: 696f 6e73 2c20 7468 656e 0a20 2020 2020 ions, then. \n+0003a100: e280 9873 656e 646b 6579 e280 9920 7769 ...sendkey... wi\n+0003a110: 6c6c 2068 6176 6520 6e6f 2065 6666 6563 ll have no effec\n+0003a120: 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 636f t... This co\n+0003a130: 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 206f 6e6c 7920 6176 mmand is only av\n+0003a140: 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6f6e 2050 4320 4249 ailable on PC BI\n+0003a150: 4f53 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 OS systems.....F\n+0003a160: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+0003a170: 204e 6f64 653a 2073 6574 2c20 204e 6578 Node: set, Nex\n+0003a180: 743a 2073 6861 3173 756d 2c20 2050 7265 t: sha1sum, Pre\n+0003a190: 763a 2073 656e 646b 6579 2c20 2055 703a v: sendkey, Up:\n+0003a1a0: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f Command-line co\n+0003a1b0: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e36 3720 mmands..17.4.67 \n+0003a1c0: 7365 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a set.-----------.\n+0003a1d0: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 7365 . -- Command: se\n+0003a1e0: 7420 5b65 6e76 7661 723d 7661 6c75 655d t [envvar=value]\n+0003a1f0: 0a20 2020 2020 5365 7420 7468 6520 656e . Set the en\n+0003a200: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 vironment variab\n+0003a210: 6c65 2045 4e56 5641 5220 746f 2056 414c le ENVVAR to VAL\n+0003a220: 5545 2e20 2049 6620 696e 766f 6b65 6420 UE. If invoked \n+0003a230: 7769 7468 206e 6f0a 2020 2020 2061 7267 with no. arg\n+0003a240: 756d 656e 7473 2c20 7072 696e 7420 616c uments, print al\n+0003a250: 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 l environment va\n+0003a260: 7269 6162 6c65 7320 7769 7468 2074 6865 riables with the\n+0003a270: 6972 2076 616c 7565 732e 2020 466f 720a ir values. For.\n+0003a280: 2020 2020 2074 6865 206c 6973 7420 6f66 the list of\n+0003a290: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n+0003a2a0: 6961 626c 6573 2063 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 iables currently\n+0003a2b0: 2075 7365 6420 6279 2047 5255 4220 6974 used by GRUB it\n+0003a2c0: 7365 6c66 2073 6565 0a20 2020 2020 7468 self see. th\n+0003a2d0: 6520 7265 6c65 7661 6e74 2073 6563 7469 e relevant secti\n+0003a2e0: 6f6e 202a 6e6f 7465 2045 6e76 6972 6f6e on *note Environ\n+0003a2f0: 6d65 6e74 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a ment::.....File:\n+0003a300: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+0003a310: 653a 2073 6861 3173 756d 2c20 204e 6578 e: sha1sum, Nex\n+0003a320: 743a 2073 6861 3235 3673 756d 2c20 2050 t: sha256sum, P\n+0003a330: 7265 763a 2073 6574 2c20 2055 703a 2043 rev: set, Up: C\n+0003a340: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d ommand-line comm\n+0003a350: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e36 3820 7368 ands..17.4.68 sh\n+0003a360: 6131 7375 6d0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d a1sum.----------\n+0003a370: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 -----.. -- Comma\n+0003a380: 6e64 3a20 7368 6131 7375 6d20 6172 6720 nd: sha1sum arg \n+0003a390: 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 2041 6c69 6173 2066 .... Alias f\n+0003a3a0: 6f72 20e2 8098 6861 7368 7375 6d20 2d2d or ...hashsum --\n+0003a3b0: 6861 7368 2073 6861 3120 6172 6720 2e2e hash sha1 arg ..\n+0003a3c0: 2ee2 8099 2e20 2053 6565 2063 6f6d 6d61 ..... See comma\n+0003a3d0: 6e64 20e2 8098 6861 7368 7375 6de2 8099 nd ...hashsum...\n+0003a3e0: 0a20 2020 2020 282a 6e6f 7465 2068 6173 . (*note has\n+0003a3f0: 6873 756d 3a3a 2920 666f 7220 6675 6c6c hsum::) for full\n+0003a400: 2064 6573 6372 6970 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f description....\n+0003a410: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+0003a420: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2073 6861 3235 3673 , Node: sha256s\n+0003a430: 756d 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2073 6861 3531 um, Next: sha51\n+0003a440: 3273 756d 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2073 6861 2sum, Prev: sha\n+0003a450: 3173 756d 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 1sum, Up: Comma\n+0003a460: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 nd-line commands\n+0003a470: 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e36 3920 7368 6132 3536 ..17.4.69 sha256\n+0003a480: 7375 6d0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d sum.------------\n+0003a490: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 -----.. -- Comma\n+0003a4a0: 6e64 3a20 7368 6132 3536 7375 6d20 6172 nd: sha256sum ar\n+0003a4b0: 6720 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 2041 6c69 6173 g .... Alias\n+0003a4c0: 2066 6f72 20e2 8098 6861 7368 7375 6d20 for ...hashsum \n+0003a4d0: 2d2d 6861 7368 2073 6861 3235 3620 6172 --hash sha256 ar\n+0003a4e0: 6720 2e2e 2ee2 8099 2e20 2053 6565 2063 g ....... See c\n+0003a4f0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 20e2 8098 6861 7368 7375 ommand ...hashsu\n+0003a500: 6de2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 282a 6e6f 7465 m.... (*note\n+0003a510: 2068 6173 6873 756d 3a3a 2920 666f 7220 hashsum::) for \n+0003a520: 6675 6c6c 2064 6573 6372 6970 7469 6f6e full description\n+0003a530: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n+0003a540: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2073 6861 info, Node: sha\n+0003a550: 3531 3273 756d 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2073 512sum, Next: s\n+0003a560: 6c65 6570 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2073 6861 leep, Prev: sha\n+0003a570: 3235 3673 756d 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 256sum, Up: Com\n+0003a580: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n+0003a590: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e37 3020 7368 6135 ds..17.4.70 sha5\n+0003a5a0: 3132 7375 6d0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 12sum.----------\n+0003a5b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n+0003a5c0: 6d61 6e64 3a20 7368 6135 3132 7375 6d20 mand: sha512sum \n+0003a5d0: 6172 6720 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 2041 6c69 arg .... Ali\n+0003a5e0: 6173 2066 6f72 20e2 8098 6861 7368 7375 as for ...hashsu\n+0003a5f0: 6d20 2d2d 6861 7368 2073 6861 3531 3220 m --hash sha512 \n+0003a600: 6172 6720 2e2e 2ee2 8099 2e20 2053 6565 arg ....... See\n+0003a610: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 20e2 8098 6861 7368 command ...hash\n+0003a620: 7375 6de2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 282a 6e6f sum.... (*no\n+0003a630: 7465 2068 6173 6873 756d 3a3a 2920 666f te hashsum::) fo\n+0003a640: 7220 6675 6c6c 2064 6573 6372 6970 7469 r full descripti\n+0003a650: 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 on.....File: gru\n+0003a660: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2073 b.info, Node: s\n+0003a670: 6c65 6570 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2073 6d62 leep, Next: smb\n+0003a680: 696f 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7368 6135 ios, Prev: sha5\n+0003a690: 3132 7375 6d2c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 12sum, Up: Comm\n+0003a6a0: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 and-line command\n+0003a6b0: 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3731 2073 6c65 6570 s..17.4.71 sleep\n+0003a6c0: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a .-------------..\n+0003a6d0: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2073 6c65 -- Command: sle\n+0003a6e0: 6570 205b 2d2d 7665 7262 6f73 655d 205b ep [--verbose] [\n+0003a6f0: 2d2d 696e 7465 7272 7570 7469 626c 655d --interruptible]\n+0003a700: 2063 6f75 6e74 0a20 2020 2020 536c 6565 count. Slee\n+0003a710: 7020 666f 7220 434f 554e 5420 7365 636f p for COUNT seco\n+0003a720: 6e64 732e 2020 4966 206f 7074 696f 6e20 nds. If option \n+0003a730: e280 982d 2d69 6e74 6572 7275 7074 6962 ...--interruptib\n+0003a740: 6c65 e280 9920 6973 2067 6976 656e 2c0a le... is given,.\n+0003a750: 2020 2020 2061 6c6c 6f77 2070 7265 7373 allow press\n+0003a760: 696e 6720 3c45 5343 3e2c 203c 4634 3e20 ing , \n+0003a770: 6f72 2068 6f6c 6469 6e67 2064 6f77 6e20 or holding down \n+0003a780: 3c53 4849 4654 3e20 746f 2069 6e74 6572 to inter\n+0003a790: 7275 7074 0a20 2020 2020 736c 6565 702e rupt. sleep.\n+0003a7a0: 2020 5769 7468 20e2 8098 2d2d 7665 7262 With ...--verb\n+0003a7b0: 6f73 65e2 8099 2073 686f 7720 636f 756e ose... show coun\n+0003a7c0: 7464 6f77 6e20 6f66 2072 656d 6169 6e69 tdown of remaini\n+0003a7d0: 6e67 2073 6563 6f6e 6473 2e20 2045 7869 ng seconds. Exi\n+0003a7e0: 740a 2020 2020 2063 6f64 6520 6973 2073 t. code is s\n+0003a7f0: 6574 2074 6f20 3020 6966 2074 696d 656f et to 0 if timeo\n+0003a800: 7574 2065 7870 6972 6564 2061 6e64 2074 ut expired and t\n+0003a810: 6f20 3120 6966 2074 696d 656f 7574 2077 o 1 if timeout w\n+0003a820: 6173 0a20 2020 2020 696e 7465 7272 7570 as. interrup\n+0003a830: 7465 6420 7573 696e 6720 616e 7920 6f66 ted using any of\n+0003a840: 2074 6865 206d 656e 7469 6f6e 6564 206b the mentioned k\n+0003a850: 6579 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 eys.....File: gr\n+0003a860: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+0003a870: 736d 6269 6f73 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2073 smbios, Next: s\n+0003a880: 6f75 7263 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 736c ource, Prev: sl\n+0003a890: 6565 702c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e eep, Up: Comman\n+0003a8a0: 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a d-line commands.\n+0003a8b0: 0a31 372e 342e 3732 2073 6d62 696f 730a .17.4.72 smbios.\n+0003a8c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n+0003a8d0: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2073 6d62 -- Command: smb\n+0003a8e0: 696f 7320 5b2d 2d74 7970 6520 5459 5045 ios [--type TYPE\n+0003a8f0: 5d20 5b2d 2d68 616e 646c 6520 4841 4e44 ] [--handle HAND\n+0003a900: 4c45 5d20 5b2d 2d6d 6174 6368 204d 4154 LE] [--match MAT\n+0003a910: 4348 5d0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 282d CH]. (-\n+0003a920: 2d67 6574 2d62 7974 6520 7c20 2d2d 6765 -get-byte | --ge\n+0003a930: 742d 776f 7264 207c 202d 2d67 6574 2d64 t-word | --get-d\n+0003a940: 776f 7264 207c 202d 2d67 6574 2d71 776f word | --get-qwo\n+0003a950: 7264 207c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 202d rd |. -\n+0003a960: 2d67 6574 2d73 7472 696e 6720 7c20 2d2d -get-string | --\n+0003a970: 6765 742d 7575 6964 2920 4f46 4653 4554 get-uuid) OFFSET\n+0003a980: 205b 2d2d 7365 7420 5641 5249 4142 4c45 [--set VARIABLE\n+0003a990: 5d0a 2020 2020 2052 6574 7269 6576 6520 ]. Retrieve \n+0003a9a0: 534d 4249 4f53 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 SMBIOS informati\n+0003a9b0: 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 e280 on... The ..\n+0003a9c0: 9873 6d62 696f 73e2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 .smbios... comma\n+0003a9d0: 6e64 2072 6574 7572 6e73 2074 6865 2076 nd returns the v\n+0003a9e0: 616c 7565 206f 6620 6120 6669 656c 6420 alue of a field \n+0003a9f0: 696e 2061 6e20 534d 4249 4f53 0a20 2020 in an SMBIOS. \n+0003aa00: 2020 7374 7275 6374 7572 652e 2020 5468 structure. Th\n+0003aa10: 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6f70 7469 e following opti\n+0003aa20: 6f6e 7320 6465 7465 726d 696e 6520 7768 ons determine wh\n+0003aa30: 6963 6820 7374 7275 6374 7572 6520 746f ich structure to\n+0003aa40: 0a20 2020 2020 7365 6c65 6374 2e0a 0a20 . select... \n+0003aa50: 2020 2020 2020 20e2 80a2 2053 7065 6369 ... Speci\n+0003aa60: 6679 696e 6720 e280 982d 2d74 7970 65e2 fying ...--type.\n+0003aa70: 8099 2077 696c 6c20 7365 6c65 6374 2073 .. will select s\n+0003aa80: 7472 7563 7475 7265 7320 7769 7468 2061 tructures with a\n+0003aa90: 206d 6174 6368 696e 670a 2020 2020 2020 matching. \n+0003aaa0: 2020 2020 5459 5045 2e20 2054 6865 2074 TYPE. The t\n+0003aab0: 7970 6520 6361 6e20 6265 2061 6e79 2069 ype can be any i\n+0003aac0: 6e74 6567 6572 2066 726f 6d20 3020 746f nteger from 0 to\n+0003aad0: 2032 3535 2e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 e280 255.. ..\n+0003aae0: a220 5370 6563 6966 7969 6e67 20e2 8098 . Specifying ...\n+0003aaf0: 2d2d 6861 6e64 6c65 e280 9920 7769 6c6c --handle... will\n+0003ab00: 2073 656c 6563 7420 7374 7275 6374 7572 select structur\n+0003ab10: 6573 2077 6974 6820 6120 6d61 7463 6869 es with a matchi\n+0003ab20: 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2048 414e ng. HAN\n+0003ab30: 444c 452e 2020 5468 6520 6861 6e64 6c65 DLE. The handle\n+0003ab40: 2063 616e 2062 6520 616e 7920 696e 7465 can be any inte\n+0003ab50: 6765 7220 6672 6f6d 2030 2074 6f20 3635 ger from 0 to 65\n+0003ab60: 3533 352e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 20e2 80a2 535.. ...\n+0003ab70: 2053 7065 6369 6679 696e 6720 e280 982d Specifying ...-\n+0003ab80: 2d6d 6174 6368 e280 9920 7769 6c6c 2073 -match... will s\n+0003ab90: 656c 6563 7420 7374 7275 6374 7572 6520 elect structure \n+0003aba0: 6e75 6d62 6572 204d 4154 4348 2069 6e20 number MATCH in \n+0003abb0: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6669 the. fi\n+0003abc0: 6c74 6572 6564 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2073 ltered list of s\n+0003abd0: 7472 7563 7475 7265 733b 2065 2e67 2e20 tructures; e.g. \n+0003abe0: 20e2 8098 736d 6269 6f73 202d 2d74 7970 ...smbios --typ\n+0003abf0: 6520 3420 2d2d 6d61 7463 6820 32e2 8099 e 4 --match 2...\n+0003ac00: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2077 696c 6c20 . will \n+0003ac10: 7365 6c65 6374 2074 6865 2073 6563 6f6e select the secon\n+0003ac20: 6420 5072 6f63 6573 7320 496e 666f 726d d Process Inform\n+0003ac30: 6174 696f 6e20 2854 7970 6520 3429 2073 ation (Type 4) s\n+0003ac40: 7472 7563 7475 7265 2e0a 2020 2020 2020 tructure.. \n+0003ac50: 2020 2020 5468 6520 6c69 7374 2069 7320 The list is \n+0003ac60: 616c 7761 7973 206f 7264 6572 6564 2074 always ordered t\n+0003ac70: 6865 2073 616d 6520 6173 2074 6865 2068 he same as the h\n+0003ac80: 6172 6477 6172 6527 7320 534d 4249 4f53 ardware's SMBIOS\n+0003ac90: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6162 6c65 . table\n+0003aca0: 2e20 2054 6865 206d 6174 6368 206e 756d . The match num\n+0003acb0: 6265 7220 6d75 7374 2062 6520 6120 706f ber must be a po\n+0003acc0: 7369 7469 7665 2069 6e74 6567 6572 2e20 sitive integer. \n+0003acd0: 2049 660a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 756e If. un\n+0003ace0: 7370 6563 6966 6965 642c 2074 6865 2066 specified, the f\n+0003acf0: 6972 7374 206d 6174 6368 696e 6720 7374 irst matching st\n+0003ad00: 7275 6374 7572 6520 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 ructure will be \n+0003ad10: 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 selected... \n+0003ad20: 5468 6520 7265 6d61 696e 696e 6720 6f70 The remaining op\n+0003ad30: 7469 6f6e 7320 6465 7465 726d 696e 6520 tions determine \n+0003ad40: 7768 6963 6820 6669 656c 6420 696e 2074 which field in t\n+0003ad50: 6865 2073 656c 6563 7465 6420 534d 4249 he selected SMBI\n+0003ad60: 4f53 0a20 2020 2020 7374 7275 6374 7572 OS. structur\n+0003ad70: 6520 746f 2072 6574 7572 6e2e 2020 4f6e e to return. On\n+0003ad80: 6c79 206f 6e65 206f 6620 7468 6573 6520 ly one of these \n+0003ad90: 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 6d61 7920 6265 2073 options may be s\n+0003ada0: 7065 6369 6669 6564 2061 740a 2020 2020 pecified at. \n+0003adb0: 2061 2074 696d 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 a time... \n+0003adc0: 2020 e280 a220 5768 656e 2067 6976 656e ... When given\n+0003add0: 20e2 8098 2d2d 6765 742d 6279 7465 e280 ...--get-byte..\n+0003ade0: 992c 2072 6574 7572 6e20 7468 6520 7661 ., return the va\n+0003adf0: 6c75 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2062 7974 6520 lue of the byte \n+0003ae00: 6174 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 204f 4646 at. OFF\n+0003ae10: 5345 5420 6279 7465 7320 696e 746f 2074 SET bytes into t\n+0003ae20: 6865 2073 656c 6563 7465 6420 534d 4249 he selected SMBI\n+0003ae30: 4f53 2073 7472 7563 7475 7265 2e20 2049 OS structure. I\n+0003ae40: 7420 7769 6c6c 2062 650a 2020 2020 2020 t will be. \n+0003ae50: 2020 2020 666f 726d 6174 7465 6420 6173 formatted as\n+0003ae60: 2061 6e20 756e 7369 676e 6564 2064 6563 an unsigned dec\n+0003ae70: 696d 616c 2069 6e74 6567 6572 2e0a 2020 imal integer.. \n+0003ae80: 2020 2020 2020 e280 a220 5768 656e 2067 ... When g\n+0003ae90: 6976 656e 20e2 8098 2d2d 6765 742d 776f iven ...--get-wo\n+0003aea0: 7264 e280 992c 2072 6574 7572 6e20 7468 rd..., return th\n+0003aeb0: 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2077 e value of the w\n+0003aec0: 6f72 6420 2874 776f 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ord (two. \n+0003aed0: 2020 2062 7974 6573 2920 6174 204f 4646 bytes) at OFF\n+0003aee0: 5345 5420 6279 7465 7320 696e 746f 2074 SET bytes into t\n+0003aef0: 6865 2073 656c 6563 7465 6420 534d 4249 he selected SMBI\n+0003af00: 4f53 2073 7472 7563 7475 7265 2e20 2049 OS structure. I\n+0003af10: 740a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7769 6c6c t. will\n+0003af20: 2062 6520 666f 726d 6174 7465 6420 6173 be formatted as\n+0003af30: 2061 6e20 756e 7369 676e 6564 2064 6563 an unsigned dec\n+0003af40: 696d 616c 2069 6e74 6567 6572 2e0a 2020 imal integer.. \n+0003af50: 2020 2020 2020 e280 a220 5768 656e 2067 ... When g\n+0003af60: 6976 656e 20e2 8098 2d2d 6765 742d 6477 iven ...--get-dw\n+0003af70: 6f72 64e2 8099 2c20 7265 7475 726e 2074 ord..., return t\n+0003af80: 6865 2076 616c 7565 206f 6620 7468 6520 he value of the \n+0003af90: 6477 6f72 6420 2866 6f75 720a 2020 2020 dword (four. \n+0003afa0: 2020 2020 2020 6279 7465 7329 2061 7420 bytes) at \n+0003afb0: 4f46 4653 4554 2062 7974 6573 2069 6e74 OFFSET bytes int\n+0003afc0: 6f20 7468 6520 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2053 o the selected S\n+0003afd0: 4d42 494f 5320 7374 7275 6374 7572 652e MBIOS structure.\n+0003afe0: 2020 4974 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2077 It. w\n+0003aff0: 696c 6c20 6265 2066 6f72 6d61 7474 6564 ill be formatted\n+0003b000: 2061 7320 616e 2075 6e73 6967 6e65 6420 as an unsigned \n+0003b010: 6465 6369 6d61 6c20 696e 7465 6765 722e decimal integer.\n+0003b020: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 20e2 80a2 2057 6865 . ... Whe\n+0003b030: 6e20 6769 7665 6e20 e280 982d 2d67 6574 n given ...--get\n+0003b040: 2d71 776f 7264 e280 992c 2072 6574 7572 -qword..., retur\n+0003b050: 6e20 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 2074 n the value of t\n+0003b060: 6865 2071 776f 7264 2028 6569 6768 740a he qword (eight.\n+0003b070: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6279 7465 7329 bytes)\n+0003b080: 2061 7420 4f46 4653 4554 2062 7974 6573 at OFFSET bytes\n+0003b090: 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 7365 6c65 6374 into the select\n+0003b0a0: 6564 2053 4d42 494f 5320 7374 7275 6374 ed SMBIOS struct\n+0003b0b0: 7572 652e 2020 4974 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ure. It. \n+0003b0c0: 2020 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2066 6f72 6d61 will be forma\n+0003b0d0: 7474 6564 2061 7320 616e 2075 6e73 6967 tted as an unsig\n+0003b0e0: 6e65 6420 6465 6369 6d61 6c20 696e 7465 ned decimal inte\n+0003b0f0: 6765 722e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 20e2 80a2 ger.. ...\n+0003b100: 2057 6865 6e20 6769 7665 6e20 e280 982d When given ...-\n+0003b110: 2d67 6574 2d73 7472 696e 67e2 8099 2c20 -get-string..., \n+0003b120: 7265 7475 726e 2074 6865 2073 7472 696e return the strin\n+0003b130: 6720 7769 7468 2069 7473 2069 6e64 6578 g with its index\n+0003b140: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2066 6f75 6e64 . found\n+0003b150: 2061 7420 4f46 4653 4554 2062 7974 6573 at OFFSET bytes\n+0003b160: 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 7365 6c65 6374 into the select\n+0003b170: 6564 2053 4d42 494f 5320 7374 7275 6374 ed SMBIOS struct\n+0003b180: 7572 652e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 20e2 80a2 ure.. ...\n+0003b190: 2057 6865 6e20 6769 7665 6e20 e280 982d When given ...-\n+0003b1a0: 2d67 6574 2d75 7569 64e2 8099 2c20 7265 -get-uuid..., re\n+0003b1b0: 7475 726e 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 206f turn the value o\n+0003b1c0: 6620 7468 6520 5555 4944 2028 7369 7874 f the UUID (sixt\n+0003b1d0: 6565 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6279 een. by\n+0003b1e0: 7465 7329 2061 7420 4f46 4653 4554 2062 tes) at OFFSET b\n+0003b1f0: 7974 6573 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 7365 ytes into the se\n+0003b200: 6c65 6374 6564 2053 4d42 494f 5320 7374 lected SMBIOS st\n+0003b210: 7275 6374 7572 652e 2020 4974 0a20 2020 ructure. 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EXPRESSIO\n+0003c000: 4e20 e280 9829 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 N ...).... \n+0003c010: 2020 2020 4558 5052 4553 5349 4f4e 2069 EXPRESSION i\n+0003c020: 7320 7472 7565 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9821 s true. ...!\n+0003c030: e280 9920 4558 5052 4553 5349 4f4e 0a20 ... EXPRESSION. \n+0003c040: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2045 5850 5245 5353 EXPRESS\n+0003c050: 494f 4e20 6973 2066 616c 7365 0a20 2020 ION is false. \n+0003c060: 2020 4558 5052 4553 5349 4f4e 3120 e280 EXPRESSION1 ..\n+0003c070: 982d 61e2 8099 2045 5850 5245 5353 494f .-a... EXPRESSIO\n+0003c080: 4e32 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2062 6f74 N2. bot\n+0003c090: 6820 4558 5052 4553 5349 4f4e 3120 616e h EXPRESSION1 an\n+0003c0a0: 6420 4558 5052 4553 5349 4f4e 3220 6172 d EXPRESSION2 ar\n+0003c0b0: 6520 7472 7565 0a20 2020 2020 4558 5052 e true. EXPR\n+0003c0c0: 4553 5349 4f4e 3120 4558 5052 4553 5349 ESSION1 EXPRESSI\n+0003c0d0: 4f4e 320a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 626f ON2. bo\n+0003c0e0: 7468 2045 5850 5245 5353 494f 4e31 2061 th EXPRESSION1 a\n+0003c0f0: 6e64 2045 5850 5245 5353 494f 4e32 2061 nd EXPRESSION2 a\n+0003c100: 7265 2074 7275 652e 2020 5468 6973 2073 re true. This s\n+0003c110: 796e 7461 7820 6973 206e 6f74 0a20 2020 yntax is not. \n+0003c120: 2020 2020 2020 2050 4f53 4958 2d63 6f6d POSIX-com\n+0003c130: 706c 6961 6e74 2061 6e64 2069 7320 6e6f pliant and is no\n+0003c140: 7420 7265 636f 6d6d 656e 6465 642e 0a20 t recommended.. \n+0003c150: 2020 2020 4558 5052 4553 5349 4f4e 3120 EXPRESSION1 \n+0003c160: e280 982d 6fe2 8099 2045 5850 5245 5353 ...-o... EXPRESS\n+0003c170: 494f 4e32 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2065 ION2. e\n+0003c180: 6974 6865 7220 4558 5052 4553 5349 4f4e ither EXPRESSION\n+0003c190: 3120 6f72 2045 5850 5245 5353 494f 4e32 1 or EXPRESSION2\n+0003c1a0: 2069 7320 7472 7565 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 is true....File\n+0003c1b0: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+0003c1c0: 6465 3a20 7472 7565 2c20 204e 6578 743a de: true, Next:\n+0003c1d0: 2074 7275 7374 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2074 trust, Prev: t\n+0003c1e0: 6573 742c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e est, Up: Comman\n+0003c1f0: 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a d-line commands.\n+0003c200: 0a31 372e 342e 3735 2074 7275 650a 2d2d .17.4.75 true.--\n+0003c210: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n+0003c220: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2074 7275 650a 2020 Command: true. \n+0003c230: 2020 2044 6f20 6e6f 7468 696e 672c 2073 Do nothing, s\n+0003c240: 7563 6365 7373 6675 6c6c 792e 2020 5468 uccessfully. Th\n+0003c250: 6973 2069 7320 6d61 696e 6c79 2075 7365 is is mainly use\n+0003c260: 6675 6c20 696e 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 0a20 ful in control. \n+0003c270: 2020 2020 636f 6e73 7472 7563 7473 2073 constructs s\n+0003c280: 7563 6820 6173 20e2 8098 6966 e280 9920 uch as ...if... \n+0003c290: 616e 6420 e280 9877 6869 6c65 e280 9920 and ...while... \n+0003c2a0: 282a 6e6f 7465 2053 6865 6c6c 2d6c 696b (*note Shell-lik\n+0003c2b0: 6520 7363 7269 7074 696e 673a 3a29 2e0a e scripting::)..\n+0003c2c0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n+0003c2d0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2074 7275 7374 fo, Node: trust\n+0003c2e0: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2075 6e73 6574 2c20 , Next: unset, \n+0003c2f0: 2050 7265 763a 2074 7275 652c 2020 5570 Prev: true, Up\n+0003c300: 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 : Command-line c\n+0003c310: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3736 ommands..17.4.76\n+0003c320: 2074 7275 7374 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d trust.---------\n+0003c330: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n+0003c340: 643a 2074 7275 7374 205b 2d2d 736b 6970 d: trust [--skip\n+0003c350: 2d73 6967 5d20 7075 626b 6579 5f66 696c -sig] pubkey_fil\n+0003c360: 650a 2020 2020 2052 6561 6420 7075 626c e. Read publ\n+0003c370: 6963 206b 6579 2066 726f 6d20 5055 424b ic key from PUBK\n+0003c380: 4559 5f46 494c 4520 616e 6420 6164 6420 EY_FILE and add \n+0003c390: 6974 2074 6f20 4752 5542 2773 2069 6e74 it to GRUB's int\n+0003c3a0: 6572 6e61 6c20 6c69 7374 0a20 2020 2020 ernal list. \n+0003c3b0: 6f66 2074 7275 7374 6564 2070 7562 6c69 of trusted publi\n+0003c3c0: 6320 6b65 7973 2e20 2054 6865 7365 206b c keys. These k\n+0003c3d0: 6579 7320 6172 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f20 eys are used to \n+0003c3e0: 7661 6c69 6461 7465 2064 6967 6974 616c validate digital\n+0003c3f0: 0a20 2020 2020 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 . signatures\n+0003c400: 2077 6865 6e20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e when environmen\n+0003c410: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 20e2 8098 6368 t variable ...ch\n+0003c420: 6563 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 e280 eck_signatures..\n+0003c430: 9920 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 . is set to. \n+0003c440: 20e2 8098 656e 666f 7263 65e2 8099 2e20 ...enforce.... \n+0003c450: 204e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2069 6620 e280 Note that if ..\n+0003c460: 9863 6865 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 7265 .check_signature\n+0003c470: 73e2 8099 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 20e2 s... is set to .\n+0003c480: 8098 656e 666f 7263 65e2 8099 0a20 2020 ..enforce.... \n+0003c490: 2020 7768 656e 20e2 8098 7472 7573 74e2 when ...trust.\n+0003c4a0: 8099 2065 7865 6375 7465 732c 2074 6865 .. executes, the\n+0003c4b0: 6e20 5055 424b 4559 5f46 494c 4520 6d75 n PUBKEY_FILE mu\n+0003c4c0: 7374 2069 7473 656c 6620 6265 2070 726f st itself be pro\n+0003c4d0: 7065 726c 790a 2020 2020 2073 6967 6e65 perly. signe\n+0003c4e0: 642e 2020 5468 6520 e280 982d 2d73 6b69 d. The ...--ski\n+0003c4f0: 702d 7369 67e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 p-sig... option \n+0003c500: 6361 6e20 6265 2075 7365 6420 746f 2064 can be used to d\n+0003c510: 6973 6162 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 7369 676e isable. sign\n+0003c520: 6174 7572 652d 6368 6563 6b69 6e67 2077 ature-checking w\n+0003c530: 6865 6e20 7265 6164 696e 6720 5055 424b hen reading PUBK\n+0003c540: 4559 5f46 494c 4520 6974 7365 6c66 2e20 EY_FILE itself. \n+0003c550: 2049 7420 6973 2065 7870 6563 7465 640a It is expected.\n+0003c560: 2020 2020 2074 6861 7420 e280 982d 2d73 that ...--s\n+0003c570: 6b69 702d 7369 67e2 8099 2069 7320 7573 kip-sig... is us\n+0003c580: 6566 756c 2066 6f72 2074 6573 7469 6e67 eful for testing\n+0003c590: 2061 6e64 206d 616e 7561 6c20 626f 6f74 and manual boot\n+0003c5a0: 696e 672e 2020 2a4e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 ing. *Note. \n+0003c5b0: 2055 7369 6e67 2064 6967 6974 616c 2073 Using digital s\n+0003c5c0: 6967 6e61 7475 7265 733a 3a2c 2066 6f72 ignatures::, for\n+0003c5d0: 206d 6f72 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f more informatio\n+0003c5e0: 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 n.....File: grub\n+0003c5f0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 756e .info, Node: un\n+0003c600: 7365 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7665 7269 set, Next: veri\n+0003c610: 6679 5f64 6574 6163 6865 642c 2020 5072 fy_detached, Pr\n+0003c620: 6576 3a20 7472 7573 742c 2020 5570 3a20 ev: trust, Up: \n+0003c630: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d Command-line com\n+0003c640: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3737 2075 mands..17.4.77 u\n+0003c650: 6e73 6574 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d nset.-----------\n+0003c660: 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a --.. -- Command:\n+0003c670: 2075 6e73 6574 2065 6e76 7661 720a 2020 unset envvar. \n+0003c680: 2020 2055 6e73 6574 2074 6865 2065 6e76 Unset the env\n+0003c690: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c ironment variabl\n+0003c6a0: 6520 454e 5656 4152 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c e ENVVAR.....Fil\n+0003c6b0: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+0003c6c0: 6f64 653a 2076 6572 6966 795f 6465 7461 ode: verify_deta\n+0003c6d0: 6368 6564 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2076 6964 ched, Next: vid\n+0003c6e0: 656f 696e 666f 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2075 eoinfo, Prev: u\n+0003c6f0: 6e73 6574 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 nset, Up: Comma\n+0003c700: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 nd-line commands\n+0003c710: 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e37 3820 7665 7269 6679 ..17.4.78 verify\n+0003c720: 5f64 6574 6163 6865 640a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d _detached.------\n+0003c730: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0003c740: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n+0003c750: 7665 7269 6679 5f64 6574 6163 6865 6420 verify_detached \n+0003c760: 5b2d 2d73 6b69 702d 7369 675d 2066 696c [--skip-sig] fil\n+0003c770: 6520 7369 676e 6174 7572 655f 6669 6c65 e signature_file\n+0003c780: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 205b 7075 626b . [pubk\n+0003c790: 6579 5f66 696c 655d 0a20 2020 2020 5665 ey_file]. Ve\n+0003c7a0: 7269 6669 6573 2061 2047 5047 2d73 7479 rifies a GPG-sty\n+0003c7b0: 6c65 2064 6574 6163 6865 6420 7369 676e le detached sign\n+0003c7c0: 6174 7572 652c 2077 6865 7265 2074 6865 ature, where the\n+0003c7d0: 2073 6967 6e65 6420 6669 6c65 2069 730a signed file is.\n+0003c7e0: 2020 2020 2046 494c 452c 2061 6e64 2074 FILE, and t\n+0003c7f0: 6865 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 2069 7473 he signature its\n+0003c800: 656c 6620 6973 2069 6e20 6669 6c65 2053 elf is in file S\n+0003c810: 4947 4e41 5455 5245 5f46 494c 452e 0a20 IGNATURE_FILE.. \n+0003c820: 2020 2020 4f70 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 2c20 Optionally, \n+0003c830: 6120 7370 6563 6966 6963 2070 7562 6c69 a specific publi\n+0003c840: 6320 6b65 7920 746f 2075 7365 2063 616e c key to use can\n+0003c850: 2062 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 7573 be specified us\n+0003c860: 696e 670a 2020 2020 2050 5542 4b45 595f ing. PUBKEY_\n+0003c870: 4649 4c45 2e20 2057 6865 6e20 656e 7669 FILE. When envi\n+0003c880: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ronment variable\n+0003c890: 20e2 8098 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 ...check_signat\n+0003c8a0: 7572 6573 e280 9920 6973 2073 6574 0a20 ures... is set. \n+0003c8b0: 2020 2020 746f 20e2 8098 656e 666f 7263 to ...enforc\n+0003c8c0: 65e2 8099 2c20 7468 656e 2050 5542 4b45 e..., then PUBKE\n+0003c8d0: 595f 4649 4c45 206d 7573 7420 6974 7365 Y_FILE must itse\n+0003c8e0: 6c66 2062 6520 7072 6f70 6572 6c79 2073 lf be properly s\n+0003c8f0: 6967 6e65 6420 6279 2061 6e0a 2020 2020 igned by an. \n+0003c900: 2061 6c72 6561 6479 2d74 7275 7374 6564 already-trusted\n+0003c910: 206b 6579 2e20 2041 6e20 756e 7369 676e key. An unsign\n+0003c920: 6564 2050 5542 4b45 595f 4649 4c45 2063 ed PUBKEY_FILE c\n+0003c930: 616e 2062 6520 6c6f 6164 6564 2062 790a an be loaded by.\n+0003c940: 2020 2020 2073 7065 6369 6679 696e 6720 specifying \n+0003c950: e280 982d 2d73 6b69 702d 7369 67e2 8099 ...--skip-sig...\n+0003c960: 2e20 2049 6620 5055 424b 4559 5f46 494c . If PUBKEY_FIL\n+0003c970: 4520 6973 206f 6d69 7474 6564 2c20 7468 E is omitted, th\n+0003c980: 656e 2070 7562 6c69 630a 2020 2020 206b en public. k\n+0003c990: 6579 7320 6672 6f6d 2047 5255 4227 7320 eys from GRUB's \n+0003c9a0: 7472 7573 7465 6420 6b65 7973 2028 2a6e trusted keys (*n\n+0003c9b0: 6f74 6520 6c69 7374 5f74 7275 7374 6564 ote list_trusted\n+0003c9c0: 3a3a 2c20 2a6e 6f74 6520 7472 7573 743a ::, *note trust:\n+0003c9d0: 3a2c 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 2a6e 6f74 :,. and *not\n+0003c9e0: 6520 6469 7374 7275 7374 3a3a 2920 6172 e distrust::) ar\n+0003c9f0: 6520 7472 6965 642e 0a0a 2020 2020 2045 e tried... E\n+0003ca00: 7869 7420 636f 6465 20e2 8098 243f e280 xit code ...$?..\n+0003ca10: 9920 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f20 3020 6966 . is set to 0 if\n+0003ca20: 2074 6865 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 2076 the signature v\n+0003ca30: 616c 6964 6174 6573 2073 7563 6365 7373 alidates success\n+0003ca40: 6675 6c6c 792e 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2076 fully.. If v\n+0003ca50: 616c 6964 6174 696f 6e20 6661 696c 732c alidation fails,\n+0003ca60: 2069 7420 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f20 6120 it is set to a \n+0003ca70: 6e6f 6e2d 7a65 726f 2076 616c 7565 2e20 non-zero value. \n+0003ca80: 202a 4e6f 7465 2055 7369 6e67 0a20 2020 *Note Using. \n+0003ca90: 2020 6469 6769 7461 6c20 7369 676e 6174 digital signat\n+0003caa0: 7572 6573 3a3a 2c20 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 ures::, for more\n+0003cab0: 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f information....\n+0003cac0: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+0003cad0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2076 6964 656f 696e , Node: videoin\n+0003cae0: 666f 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2077 726d 7372 fo, Next: wrmsr\n+0003caf0: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2076 6572 6966 795f , Prev: verify_\n+0003cb00: 6465 7461 6368 6564 2c20 2055 703a 2043 detached, Up: C\n+0003cb10: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d ommand-line comm\n+0003cb20: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e37 3920 7669 ands..17.4.79 vi\n+0003cb30: 6465 6f69 6e66 6f0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d deoinfo.--------\n+0003cb40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n+0003cb50: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 7669 6465 6f69 6e66 ommand: videoinf\n+0003cb60: 6f20 5b5b 5778 485d 7844 5d0a 2020 2020 o [[WxH]xD]. \n+0003cb70: 204c 6973 7420 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 List available \n+0003cb80: 7669 6465 6f20 6d6f 6465 732e 2020 4966 video modes. If\n+0003cb90: 2072 6573 6f6c 7574 696f 6e20 6973 2067 resolution is g\n+0003cba0: 6976 656e 2c20 7368 6f77 206f 6e6c 790a iven, show only.\n+0003cbb0: 2020 2020 206d 6174 6368 696e 6720 6d6f matching mo\n+0003cbc0: 6465 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 des.....File: gr\n+0003cbd0: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+0003cbe0: 7772 6d73 722c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7669 wrmsr, Prev: vi\n+0003cbf0: 6465 6f69 6e66 6f2c 2020 5570 3a20 436f deoinfo, Up: Co\n+0003cc00: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 mmand-line comma\n+0003cc10: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3830 2077 726d nds..17.4.80 wrm\n+0003cc20: 7372 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d sr.-------------\n+0003cc30: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 3a20 .. -- Command:: \n+0003cc40: 7772 6d73 7220 3078 4144 4452 2030 7856 wrmsr 0xADDR 0xV\n+0003cc50: 414c 5545 0a20 2020 2020 5772 6974 6520 ALUE. Write \n+0003cc60: 6120 3078 5641 4c55 4520 746f 2061 206d a 0xVALUE to a m\n+0003cc70: 6f64 656c 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 7265 odel-specific re\n+0003cc80: 6769 7374 6572 2061 7420 6164 6472 6573 gister at addres\n+0003cc90: 7320 3078 4144 4452 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 s 0xADDR... \n+0003cca0: 506c 6561 7365 206e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 Please note that\n+0003ccb0: 206f 6e20 534d 5020 7379 7374 656d 732c on SMP systems,\n+0003ccc0: 2077 7269 7469 6e67 2074 6f20 6120 4d53 writing to a MS\n+0003ccd0: 5220 7468 6174 2068 6173 2061 2073 636f R that has a sco\n+0003cce0: 7065 0a20 2020 2020 7065 7220 6861 7264 pe. per hard\n+0003ccf0: 7761 7265 2074 6872 6561 642c 2069 6d70 ware thread, imp\n+0003cd00: 6c69 6573 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 7661 lies that the va\n+0003cd10: 6c75 6520 7468 6174 2069 7320 7772 6974 lue that is writ\n+0003cd20: 7465 6e20 6f6e 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 6170 ten only. ap\n+0003cd30: 706c 6965 7320 746f 2074 6865 2070 6172 plies to the par\n+0003cd40: 7469 6375 6c61 7220 6370 752f 636f 7265 ticular cpu/core\n+0003cd50: 2f74 6872 6561 6420 7468 6174 2072 756e /thread that run\n+0003cd60: 7320 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642e 0a0a s the command...\n+0003cd70: 2020 2020 2041 6c73 6f2c 2069 6620 796f Also, if yo\n+0003cd80: 7520 7370 6563 6966 7920 6120 7265 7365 u specify a rese\n+0003cd90: 7276 6564 206f 7220 756e 696d 706c 656d rved or unimplem\n+0003cda0: 656e 7465 6420 4d53 5220 6164 6472 6573 ented MSR addres\n+0003cdb0: 732c 2069 740a 2020 2020 2077 696c 6c20 s, it. will \n+0003cdc0: 6361 7573 6520 6120 6765 6e65 7261 6c20 cause a general \n+0003cdd0: 7072 6f74 6563 7469 6f6e 2065 7863 6570 protection excep\n+0003cde0: 7469 6f6e 2028 7768 6963 6820 6973 206e tion (which is n\n+0003cdf0: 6f74 2063 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 0a20 2020 ot currently. \n+0003ce00: 2020 6265 696e 6720 6861 6e64 6c65 6429 being handled)\n+0003ce10: 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2073 7973 7465 6d20 and the system \n+0003ce20: 7769 6c6c 2072 6562 6f6f 742e 0a0a 2020 will reboot... \n+0003ce30: 2020 204e 6f74 653a 2054 6865 2063 6f6d Note: The com\n+0003ce40: 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 616c 6c6f mand is not allo\n+0003ce50: 7765 6420 7768 656e 206c 6f63 6b64 6f77 wed when lockdow\n+0003ce60: 6e20 6973 2065 6e66 6f72 6365 6420 282a n is enforced (*\n+0003ce70: 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 4c6f 636b 646f note. Lockdo\n+0003ce80: 776e 3a3a 292e 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 wn::). This is \n+0003ce90: 646f 6e65 2074 6f20 7072 6576 656e 7420 done to prevent \n+0003cea0: 7375 6276 6572 7469 6e67 2076 6172 696f subverting vario\n+0003ceb0: 7573 2073 6563 7572 6974 790a 2020 2020 us security. \n+0003cec0: 206d 6563 6861 6e69 736d 732e 0a0a 1f0a mechanisms.....\n+0003ced0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+0003cee0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 Node: Networki\n+0003cef0: 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c 2020 4e65 ng commands, Ne\n+0003cf00: 7874 3a20 556e 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6564 xt: Undocumented\n+0003cf10: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c 2020 5072 6576 commands, Prev\n+0003cf20: 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 : Command-line c\n+0003cf30: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c 2020 5570 3a20 436f ommands, Up: Co\n+0003cf40: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 204e 6574 mmands..17.5 Net\n+0003cf50: 776f 726b 696e 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 working commands\n+0003cf60: 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d .===============\n+0003cf70: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a2a 204d 656e =========..* Men\n+0003cf80: 753a 0a0a 2a20 6e65 745f 6164 645f 6164 u:..* net_add_ad\n+0003cf90: 6472 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 dr:: \n+0003cfa0: 2020 2020 4164 6420 6120 6e65 7477 6f72 Add a networ\n+0003cfb0: 6b20 6164 6472 6573 730a 2a20 6e65 745f k address.* net_\n+0003cfc0: 6164 645f 646e 733a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 add_dns:: \n+0003cfd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4164 6420 6120 Add a \n+0003cfe0: 444e 5320 7365 7276 6572 0a2a 206e 6574 DNS server.* net\n+0003cff0: 5f61 6464 5f72 6f75 7465 3a3a 2020 2020 _add_route:: \n+0003d000: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2041 6464 2072 Add r\n+0003d010: 6f75 7469 6e67 2065 6e74 7279 0a2a 206e outing entry.* n\n+0003d020: 6574 5f62 6f6f 7470 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 et_bootp:: \n+0003d030: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2050 6572 Per\n+0003d040: 666f 726d 2061 2062 6f6f 7470 2f44 4843 form a bootp/DHC\n+0003d050: 5020 6175 746f 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 P autoconfigurat\n+0003d060: 696f 6e0a 2a20 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 6164 ion.* net_del_ad\n+0003d070: 6472 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 dr:: \n+0003d080: 2020 2020 5265 6d6f 7665 2049 5020 6164 Remove IP ad\n+0003d090: 6472 6573 7320 6672 6f6d 2069 6e74 6572 dress from inter\n+0003d0a0: 6661 6365 0a2a 206e 6574 5f64 656c 5f64 face.* net_del_d\n+0003d0b0: 6e73 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ns:: \n+0003d0c0: 2020 2020 2052 656d 6f76 6520 6120 444e Remove a DN\n+0003d0d0: 5320 7365 7276 6572 0a2a 206e 6574 5f64 S server.* net_d\n+0003d0e0: 656c 5f72 6f75 7465 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 el_route:: \n+0003d0f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2052 656d 6f76 6520 Remove \n+0003d100: 6120 726f 7574 6520 656e 7472 790a 2a20 a route entry.* \n+0003d110: 6e65 745f 6468 6370 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 net_dhcp:: \n+0003d120: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5065 Pe\n+0003d130: 7266 6f72 6d20 6120 4448 4350 2061 7574 rform a DHCP aut\n+0003d140: 6f63 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 0a2a oconfiguration.*\n+0003d150: 206e 6574 5f67 6574 5f64 6863 705f 6f70 net_get_dhcp_op\n+0003d160: 7469 6f6e 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2052 tion:: R\n+0003d170: 6574 7269 6576 6520 4448 4350 206f 7074 etrieve DHCP opt\n+0003d180: 696f 6e73 0a2a 206e 6574 5f69 7076 365f ions.* net_ipv6_\n+0003d190: 6175 746f 636f 6e66 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 autoconf:: \n+0003d1a0: 2020 2020 2050 6572 666f 726d 2049 5076 Perform IPv\n+0003d1b0: 3620 6175 746f 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 6 autoconfigurat\n+0003d1c0: 696f 6e0a 2a20 6e65 745f 6c73 5f61 6464 ion.* net_ls_add\n+0003d1d0: 723a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 r:: \n+0003d1e0: 2020 2020 4c69 7374 2069 6e74 6572 6661 List interfa\n+0003d1f0: 6365 730a 2a20 6e65 745f 6c73 5f63 6172 ces.* net_ls_car\n+0003d200: 6473 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ds:: \n+0003d210: 2020 2020 4c69 7374 206e 6574 776f 726b List network\n+0003d220: 2063 6172 6473 0a2a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f cards.* net_ls_\n+0003d230: 646e 733a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 dns:: \n+0003d240: 2020 2020 2020 204c 6973 7420 444e 5320 List DNS \n+0003d250: 7365 7276 6572 730a 2a20 6e65 745f 6c73 servers.* net_ls\n+0003d260: 5f72 6f75 7465 733a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 _routes:: \n+0003d270: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c69 7374 2072 6f75 List rou\n+0003d280: 7469 6e67 2065 6e74 7269 6573 0a2a 206e ting entries.* n\n+0003d290: 6574 5f6e 736c 6f6f 6b75 703a 3a20 2020 et_nslookup:: \n+0003d2a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2050 6572 Per\n+0003d2b0: 666f 726d 2061 2044 4e53 206c 6f6f 6b75 form a DNS looku\n+0003d2c0: 700a 2a20 6e65 745f 7365 745f 766c 616e p.* net_set_vlan\n+0003d2d0: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n+0003d2e0: 2020 5365 7420 766c 616e 2069 6420 6f6e Set vlan id on\n+0003d2f0: 2061 6e20 696e 7465 7266 6163 650a 0a1f an interface...\n+0003d300: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+0003d310: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f61 6464 , Node: net_add\n+0003d320: 5f61 6464 722c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 _addr, Next: ne\n+0003d330: 745f 6164 645f 646e 732c 2020 5570 3a20 t_add_dns, Up: \n+0003d340: 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 Networking comma\n+0003d350: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 352e 3120 6e65 745f nds..17.5.1 net_\n+0003d360: 6164 645f 6164 6472 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d add_addr.-------\n+0003d370: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n+0003d380: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206e 6574 5f61 - Command: net_a\n+0003d390: 6464 5f61 6464 7220 494e 5445 5246 4143 dd_addr INTERFAC\n+0003d3a0: 4520 4341 5244 2041 4444 5245 5353 0a20 E CARD ADDRESS. \n+0003d3b0: 2020 2020 436f 6e66 6967 7572 6520 6164 Configure ad\n+0003d3c0: 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 206e 6574 776f 726b ditional network\n+0003d3d0: 2049 4e54 4552 4641 4345 2077 6974 6820 INTERFACE with \n+0003d3e0: 4144 4452 4553 5320 6f6e 2061 206e 6574 ADDRESS on a net\n+0003d3f0: 776f 726b 0a20 2020 2020 4341 5244 2e20 work. CARD. \n+0003d400: 2041 4444 5245 5353 2063 616e 2062 6520 ADDRESS can be \n+0003d410: 6569 7468 6572 2049 5020 696e 2064 6f74 either IP in dot\n+0003d420: 7465 6420 6465 6369 6d61 6c20 6e6f 7461 ted decimal nota\n+0003d430: 7469 6f6e 2c20 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 7379 tion, or. sy\n+0003d440: 6d62 6f6c 6963 206e 616d 6520 7768 6963 mbolic name whic\n+0003d450: 6820 6973 2072 6573 6f6c 7665 6420 7573 h is resolved us\n+0003d460: 696e 6720 444e 5320 6c6f 6f6b 7570 2e20 ing DNS lookup. \n+0003d470: 2049 6620 7375 6363 6573 7366 756c 2c0a If successful,.\n+0003d480: 2020 2020 2074 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e this comman\n+0003d490: 6420 616c 736f 2061 6464 7320 6c6f 6361 d also adds loca\n+0003d4a0: 6c20 6c69 6e6b 2072 6f75 7469 6e67 2065 l link routing e\n+0003d4b0: 6e74 7279 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6465 6661 ntry to the defa\n+0003d4c0: 756c 740a 2020 2020 2073 7562 6e65 7420 ult. subnet \n+0003d4d0: 6f66 2041 4444 5245 5353 2077 6974 6820 of ADDRESS with \n+0003d4e0: 6e61 6d65 2049 4e54 4552 4641 4345 e280 name INTERFACE..\n+0003d4f0: 983a 6c6f 6361 6ce2 8099 2076 6961 2049 .:local... via I\n+0003d500: 4e54 4552 4641 4345 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c NTERFACE.....Fil\n+0003d510: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+0003d520: 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f64 6e73 ode: net_add_dns\n+0003d530: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f61 6464 , Next: net_add\n+0003d540: 5f72 6f75 7465 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e _route, Prev: n\n+0003d550: 6574 5f61 6464 5f61 6464 722c 2020 5570 et_add_addr, Up\n+0003d560: 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d : Networking com\n+0003d570: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 352e 3220 6e65 mands..17.5.2 ne\n+0003d580: 745f 6164 645f 646e 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d t_add_dns.------\n+0003d590: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n+0003d5a0: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206e 6574 5f61 - Command: net_a\n+0003d5b0: 6464 5f64 6e73 2053 4552 5645 520a 2020 dd_dns SERVER. \n+0003d5c0: 2020 2052 6573 6f6c 7665 2053 4552 5645 Resolve SERVE\n+0003d5d0: 5220 4950 2061 6464 7265 7373 2061 6e64 R IP address and\n+0003d5e0: 2061 6464 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6c69 7374 add to the list\n+0003d5f0: 206f 6620 444e 5320 7365 7276 6572 7320 of DNS servers \n+0003d600: 7573 6564 0a20 2020 2020 6475 7269 6e67 used. during\n+0003d610: 206e 616d 6520 6c6f 6f6b 7570 2e0a 0a1f name lookup....\n+0003d620: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+0003d630: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f61 6464 , Node: net_add\n+0003d640: 5f72 6f75 7465 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e _route, Next: n\n+0003d650: 6574 5f62 6f6f 7470 2c20 2050 7265 763a et_bootp, Prev:\n+0003d660: 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f64 6e73 2c20 2055 net_add_dns, U\n+0003d670: 703a 204e 6574 776f 726b 696e 6720 636f p: Networking co\n+0003d680: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 2e33 206e mmands..17.5.3 n\n+0003d690: 6574 5f61 6464 5f72 6f75 7465 0a2d 2d2d et_add_route.---\n+0003d6a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0003d6b0: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n+0003d6c0: 6e65 745f 6164 645f 726f 7574 6520 5348 net_add_route SH\n+0003d6d0: 4f52 544e 414d 4520 4950 5b2f 5052 4546 ORTNAME IP[/PREF\n+0003d6e0: 4958 5d20 5b49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 207c IX] [INTERFACE |\n+0003d6f0: 2067 770a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4741 gw. GA\n+0003d700: 5445 5741 595d 0a20 2020 2020 4164 6420 TEWAY]. Add \n+0003d710: 726f 7574 6520 746f 206e 6574 776f 726b route to network\n+0003d720: 2077 6974 6820 6164 6472 6573 7320 4950 with address IP\n+0003d730: 2061 7320 6d6f 6469 6669 6564 2062 7920 as modified by \n+0003d740: 5052 4546 4958 2076 6961 0a20 2020 2020 PREFIX via. \n+0003d750: 6569 7468 6572 206c 6f63 616c 2049 4e54 either local INT\n+0003d760: 4552 4641 4345 206f 7220 4741 5445 5741 ERFACE or GATEWA\n+0003d770: 592e 2020 5052 4546 4958 2069 7320 6f70 Y. PREFIX is op\n+0003d780: 7469 6f6e 616c 2061 6e64 2064 6566 6175 tional and defau\n+0003d790: 6c74 730a 2020 2020 2074 6f20 3332 2066 lts. to 32 f\n+0003d7a0: 6f72 2049 5076 3420 6164 6472 6573 7320 or IPv4 address \n+0003d7b0: 616e 6420 3132 3820 666f 7220 4950 7636 and 128 for IPv6\n+0003d7c0: 2061 6464 7265 7373 2e20 2052 6f75 7465 address. Route\n+0003d7d0: 2069 730a 2020 2020 2069 6465 6e74 6966 is. identif\n+0003d7e0: 6965 6420 6279 2053 484f 5254 4e41 4d45 ied by SHORTNAME\n+0003d7f0: 2077 6869 6368 2063 616e 2062 6520 7573 which can be us\n+0003d800: 6564 2074 6f20 7265 6d6f 7665 2069 7420 ed to remove it \n+0003d810: 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 6e65 745f (*note. net_\n+0003d820: 6465 6c5f 726f 7574 653a 3a29 2e0a 0a1f del_route::)....\n+0003d830: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+0003d840: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f62 6f6f , Node: net_boo\n+0003d850: 7470 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f64 tp, Next: net_d\n+0003d860: 656c 5f61 6464 722c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 el_addr, Prev: \n+0003d870: 6e65 745f 6164 645f 726f 7574 652c 2020 net_add_route, \n+0003d880: 5570 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 Up: Networking c\n+0003d890: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 352e 3420 ommands..17.5.4 \n+0003d8a0: 6e65 745f 626f 6f74 700a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d net_bootp.------\n+0003d8b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n+0003d8c0: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206e 6574 5f62 6f6f Command: net_boo\n+0003d8d0: 7470 205b 4341 5244 5d0a 2020 2020 2041 tp [CARD]. A\n+0003d8e0: 6c69 6173 2066 6f72 206e 6574 5f64 6863 lias for net_dhc\n+0003d8f0: 702c 2066 6f72 2063 6f6d 7061 7469 6269 p, for compatibi\n+0003d900: 6c69 7479 2077 6974 6820 6f6c 6465 7220 lity with older \n+0003d910: 4772 7562 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 732e 0a20 Grub versions.. \n+0003d920: 2020 2020 5769 6c6c 2070 6572 666f 726d Will perform\n+0003d930: 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 4448 4350 2068 the same DHCP h\n+0003d940: 616e 6473 6861 6b65 2077 6974 6820 706f andshake with po\n+0003d950: 7465 6e74 6961 6c20 6661 6c6c 6261 636b tential fallback\n+0003d960: 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2042 4f4f 5450 2061 to. BOOTP a\n+0003d970: 7320 7468 6520 6e65 745f 6468 6370 2063 s the net_dhcp c\n+0003d980: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6e65 ommand (*note ne\n+0003d990: 745f 6468 6370 3a3a 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 t_dhcp::).....Fi\n+0003d9a0: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n+0003d9b0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 6164 Node: net_del_ad\n+0003d9c0: 6472 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f64 dr, Next: net_d\n+0003d9d0: 656c 5f64 6e73 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e el_dns, Prev: n\n+0003d9e0: 6574 5f62 6f6f 7470 2c20 2055 703a 204e et_bootp, Up: N\n+0003d9f0: 6574 776f 726b 696e 6720 636f 6d6d 616e etworking comman\n+0003da00: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 2e35 206e 6574 5f64 ds..17.5.5 net_d\n+0003da10: 656c 5f61 6464 720a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d el_addr.--------\n+0003da20: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d -----------.. --\n+0003da30: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 Command: net_de\n+0003da40: 6c5f 6164 6472 2049 4e54 4552 4641 4345 l_addr INTERFACE\n+0003da50: 0a20 2020 2020 5265 6d6f 7665 2063 6f6e . Remove con\n+0003da60: 6669 6775 7265 6420 494e 5445 5246 4143 figured INTERFAC\n+0003da70: 4520 7769 7468 2061 7373 6f63 6961 7465 E with associate\n+0003da80: 6420 6164 6472 6573 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 d address.....Fi\n+0003da90: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n+0003daa0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 646e Node: net_del_dn\n+0003dab0: 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 s, Next: net_de\n+0003dac0: 6c5f 726f 7574 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 l_route, Prev: \n+0003dad0: 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 6164 6472 2c20 2055 net_del_addr, U\n+0003dae0: 703a 204e 6574 776f 726b 696e 6720 636f p: Networking co\n+0003daf0: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 2e36 206e mmands..17.5.6 n\n+0003db00: 6574 5f64 656c 5f64 6e73 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d et_del_dns.-----\n+0003db10: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 -------------.. \n+0003db20: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e65 745f -- Command: net_\n+0003db30: 6465 6c5f 646e 7320 4144 4452 4553 530a del_dns ADDRESS.\n+0003db40: 2020 2020 2052 656d 6f76 6520 4144 4452 Remove ADDR\n+0003db50: 4553 5320 6672 6f6d 206c 6973 7420 6f66 ESS from list of\n+0003db60: 2073 6572 7665 7273 2075 7365 6420 6475 servers used du\n+0003db70: 7269 6e67 206e 616d 6520 6c6f 6f6b 7570 ring name lookup\n+0003db80: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n+0003db90: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 info, Node: net\n+0003dba0: 5f64 656c 5f72 6f75 7465 2c20 204e 6578 _del_route, Nex\n+0003dbb0: 743a 206e 6574 5f64 6863 702c 2020 5072 t: net_dhcp, Pr\n+0003dbc0: 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 646e 732c ev: net_del_dns,\n+0003dbd0: 2020 5570 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 Up: Networking\n+0003dbe0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 352e commands..17.5.\n+0003dbf0: 3720 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 726f 7574 650a 7 net_del_route.\n+0003dc00: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0003dc10: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n+0003dc20: 643a 206e 6574 5f64 656c 5f72 6f75 7465 d: net_del_route\n+0003dc30: 2053 484f 5254 4e41 4d45 0a20 2020 2020 SHORTNAME. \n+0003dc40: 5265 6d6f 7665 2072 6f75 7465 2065 6e74 Remove route ent\n+0003dc50: 7279 2069 6465 6e74 6966 6965 6420 6279 ry identified by\n+0003dc60: 2053 484f 5254 4e41 4d45 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 SHORTNAME.....F\n+0003dc70: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+0003dc80: 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f64 6863 702c Node: net_dhcp,\n+0003dc90: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f 6765 745f Next: net_get_\n+0003dca0: 6468 6370 5f6f 7074 696f 6e2c 2020 5072 dhcp_option, Pr\n+0003dcb0: 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 726f 7574 ev: net_del_rout\n+0003dcc0: 652c 2020 5570 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 e, Up: Networki\n+0003dcd0: 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ng commands..17.\n+0003dce0: 352e 3820 6e65 745f 6468 6370 0a2d 2d2d 5.8 net_dhcp.---\n+0003dcf0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n+0003dd00: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206e 6574 5f64 - Command: net_d\n+0003dd10: 6863 7020 5b43 4152 445d 0a20 2020 2020 hcp [CARD]. \n+0003dd20: 5065 7266 6f72 6d20 636f 6e66 6967 7572 Perform configur\n+0003dd30: 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2043 4152 4420 7573 ation of CARD us\n+0003dd40: 696e 6720 4448 4350 2070 726f 746f 636f ing DHCP protoco\n+0003dd50: 6c2e 2020 4966 206e 6f20 6361 7264 206e l. If no card n\n+0003dd60: 616d 650a 2020 2020 2069 7320 7370 6563 ame. is spec\n+0003dd70: 6966 6965 642c 2074 7279 2074 6f20 636f ified, try to co\n+0003dd80: 6e66 6967 7572 6520 616c 6c20 6578 6973 nfigure all exis\n+0003dd90: 7469 6e67 2063 6172 6473 2e20 2046 616c ting cards. Fal\n+0003dda0: 6c73 2062 6163 6b20 746f 0a20 2020 2020 ls back to. \n+0003ddb0: 7468 6520 424f 4f54 5020 7072 6f74 6f63 the BOOTP protoc\n+0003ddc0: 6f6c 2c20 6966 206e 6565 6465 642e 2020 ol, if needed. \n+0003ddd0: 4966 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e If configuration\n+0003dde0: 2077 6173 2073 7563 6365 7373 6675 6c2c was successful,\n+0003ddf0: 0a20 2020 2020 696e 7465 7266 6163 6520 . interface \n+0003de00: 7769 7468 206e 616d 6520 4341 5244 e280 with name CARD..\n+0003de10: 983a 6468 6370 e280 9920 616e 6420 636f .:dhcp... and co\n+0003de20: 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2061 6464 7265 7373 nfigured address\n+0003de30: 2069 7320 6164 6465 6420 746f 0a20 2020 is added to. \n+0003de40: 2020 4341 5244 2e20 2041 6464 6974 696f CARD. Additio\n+0003de50: 6e61 6c6c 7920 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 nally the follow\n+0003de60: 696e 6720 4448 4350 206f 7074 696f 6e73 ing DHCP options\n+0003de70: 2061 7265 2072 6563 6f67 6e69 7a65 6420 are recognized \n+0003de80: 616e 640a 2020 2020 2070 726f 6365 7373 and. process\n+0003de90: 6564 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9831 2028 ed:.. ...1 (\n+0003dea0: 5375 626e 6574 204d 6173 6b29 e280 990a Subnet Mask)....\n+0003deb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5573 6564 2074 Used t\n+0003dec0: 6f20 6361 6c63 756c 6174 6520 6e65 7477 o calculate netw\n+0003ded0: 6f72 6b20 6c6f 6361 6c20 726f 7574 696e ork local routin\n+0003dee0: 6720 656e 7472 7920 666f 7220 696e 7465 g entry for inte\n+0003def0: 7266 6163 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 rface. \n+0003df00: 4341 5244 e280 983a 6468 6370 e280 992e CARD...:dhcp....\n+0003df10: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9833 2028 526f 7574 . ...3 (Rout\n+0003df20: 6572 29e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 er).... \n+0003df30: 2041 6464 7320 6465 6661 756c 7420 726f Adds default ro\n+0003df40: 7574 6520 656e 7472 7920 7769 7468 2074 ute entry with t\n+0003df50: 6865 206e 616d 6520 4341 5244 e280 983a he name CARD...:\n+0003df60: 6468 6370 3a64 6566 6175 6c74 e280 9920 dhcp:default... \n+0003df70: 7669 610a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6761 via. ga\n+0003df80: 7465 7761 7920 6672 6f6d 2044 4843 5020 teway from DHCP \n+0003df90: 6f70 7469 6f6e 2e20 204e 6f74 6520 7468 option. Note th\n+0003dfa0: 6174 206f 6e6c 7920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2077 at only option w\n+0003dfb0: 6974 6820 7369 6e67 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 ith single. \n+0003dfc0: 2020 2020 2072 6f75 7465 2069 7320 6163 route is ac\n+0003dfd0: 6365 7074 6564 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 cepted.. ...\n+0003dfe0: 3620 2844 6f6d 6169 6e20 4e61 6d65 2053 6 (Domain Name S\n+0003dff0: 6572 7665 7229 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 erver).... \n+0003e000: 2020 2020 4164 6473 2061 6c6c 2073 6572 Adds all ser\n+0003e010: 7665 7273 2066 726f 6d20 6f70 7469 6f6e vers from option\n+0003e020: 2076 616c 7565 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6c69 value to the li\n+0003e030: 7374 206f 6620 7365 7276 6572 7320 7573 st of servers us\n+0003e040: 6564 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2064 7572 ed. dur\n+0003e050: 696e 6720 6e61 6d65 2072 6573 6f6c 7574 ing name resolut\n+0003e060: 696f 6e2e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9831 3220 ion.. ...12 \n+0003e070: 2848 6f73 7420 4e61 6d65 29e2 8099 0a20 (Host Name).... \n+0003e080: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 6574 7320 656e Sets en\n+0003e090: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 vironment variab\n+0003e0a0: 6c65 20e2 8098 6e65 745f e280 993c 4341 le ...net_......_dhcp_host\n+0003e0c0: 6e61 6d65 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 name... (*note. \n+0003e0d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6574 5f3c 494e net__hostnam\n+0003e0f0: 653a 3a29 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7661 6c75 e::) to the valu\n+0003e100: 6520 6f66 206f 7074 696f 6e2e 0a20 2020 e of option.. \n+0003e110: 2020 e280 9831 3520 2844 6f6d 6169 6e20 ...15 (Domain \n+0003e120: 4e61 6d65 29e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 Name).... \n+0003e130: 2020 2053 6574 7320 656e 7669 726f 6e6d Sets environm\n+0003e140: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 20e2 8098 ent variable ...\n+0003e150: 6e65 745f e280 993c 4341 5244 3ee2 8098 net_......\n+0003e160: 5f64 6863 705f 646f 6d61 696e e280 9920 _dhcp_domain... \n+0003e170: 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 (*note. \n+0003e180: 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e net_\n+0003e190: 5f64 6f6d 6169 6e3a 3a29 2074 6f20 7468 _domain::) to th\n+0003e1a0: 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 206f 7074 696f e value of optio\n+0003e1b0: 6e2e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9831 3720 2852 n.. ...17 (R\n+0003e1c0: 6f6f 7420 5061 7468 29e2 8099 0a20 2020 oot Path).... \n+0003e1d0: 2020 2020 2020 2053 6574 7320 656e 7669 Sets envi\n+0003e1e0: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ronment variable\n+0003e1f0: 20e2 8098 6e65 745f e280 993c 4341 5244 ...net_......_dhcp_rootpa\n+0003e210: 7468 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 th... (*note. \n+0003e220: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 net__rootpath:\n+0003e240: 3a29 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 :) to the value \n+0003e250: 6f66 206f 7074 696f 6e2e 0a20 2020 2020 of option.. \n+0003e260: e280 9831 3820 2845 7874 656e 7369 6f6e ...18 (Extension\n+0003e270: 7320 5061 7468 29e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 s Path).... \n+0003e280: 2020 2020 2053 6574 7320 656e 7669 726f Sets enviro\n+0003e290: 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 20e2 nment variable .\n+0003e2a0: 8098 6e65 745f e280 993c 4341 5244 3ee2 ..net_....\n+0003e2b0: 8098 5f64 6863 705f 6578 7465 6e73 696f .._dhcp_extensio\n+0003e2c0: 6e73 7061 7468 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 nspath.... \n+0003e2d0: 2020 2020 282a 6e6f 7465 206e 6574 5f3c (*note net_<\n+0003e2e0: 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f65 7874 656e INTERFACE>_exten\n+0003e2f0: 7369 6f6e 7370 6174 683a 3a29 2074 6f20 sionspath::) to \n+0003e300: 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 0a20 2020 the value of. \n+0003e310: 2020 2020 2020 206f 7074 696f 6e2e 0a20 option.. \n+0003e320: 2020 2020 e280 9836 3620 2854 4654 5020 ...66 (TFTP \n+0003e330: 5365 7276 6572 204e 616d 6529 e280 990a Server Name)....\n+0003e340: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5365 7473 2065 Sets e\n+0003e350: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n+0003e360: 626c 6520 e280 986e 6574 5fe2 8099 3c43 ble ...net_......_dhcp_ser\n+0003e380: 7665 725f 6e61 6d65 e280 990a 2020 2020 ver_name.... \n+0003e390: 2020 2020 2020 282a 6e6f 7465 206e 6574 (*note net\n+0003e3a0: 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f64 6863 __dhc\n+0003e3b0: 705f 7365 7276 6572 5f6e 616d 653a 3a29 p_server_name::)\n+0003e3c0: 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 to the value of\n+0003e3d0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 206f 7074 696f . optio\n+0003e3e0: 6e2e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9836 3720 2846 n.. ...67 (F\n+0003e3f0: 696c 656e 616d 6529 e280 990a 2020 2020 ilename).... \n+0003e400: 2020 2020 2020 5365 7473 2065 6e76 6972 Sets envir\n+0003e410: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 onment variable \n+0003e420: e280 986e 6574 5fe2 8099 3c43 4152 443e ...net_...\n+0003e430: e280 985f 626f 6f74 5f66 696c 65e2 8099 ..._boot_file...\n+0003e440: 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 (*note. \n+0003e450: 2020 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 net__boot_file::) t\n+0003e470: 6f20 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 206f o the value of o\n+0003e480: 7074 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ption.....File: \n+0003e490: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+0003e4a0: 3a20 6e65 745f 6765 745f 6468 6370 5f6f : net_get_dhcp_o\n+0003e4b0: 7074 696f 6e2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 ption, Next: ne\n+0003e4c0: 745f 6970 7636 5f61 7574 6f63 6f6e 662c t_ipv6_autoconf,\n+0003e4d0: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 6468 6370 Prev: net_dhcp\n+0003e4e0: 2c20 2055 703a 204e 6574 776f 726b 696e , Up: Networkin\n+0003e4f0: 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 g commands..17.5\n+0003e500: 2e39 206e 6574 5f67 6574 5f64 6863 705f .9 net_get_dhcp_\n+0003e510: 6f70 7469 6f6e 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d option.---------\n 0003e520: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0003e530: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n-0003e540: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e65 745f 6765 745f ommand: net_get_\n-0003e550: 6468 6370 5f6f 7074 696f 6e20 5641 5220 dhcp_option VAR \n-0003e560: 494e 5445 5246 4143 4520 4e55 4d42 4552 INTERFACE NUMBER\n-0003e570: 2054 5950 450a 2020 2020 2052 6571 7565 TYPE. Reque\n-0003e580: 7374 2044 4843 5020 6f70 7469 6f6e 204e st DHCP option N\n-0003e590: 554d 4245 5220 6f66 2054 5950 4520 7669 UMBER of TYPE vi\n-0003e5a0: 6120 494e 5445 5246 4143 452e 2020 5459 a INTERFACE. TY\n-0003e5b0: 5045 2063 616e 2062 6520 6f6e 650a 2020 PE can be one. \n-0003e5c0: 2020 206f 6620 e280 9873 7472 696e 67e2 of ...string.\n-0003e5d0: 8099 2c20 e280 986e 756d 6265 72e2 8099 .., ...number...\n-0003e5e0: 206f 7220 e280 9868 6578 e280 992e 2020 or ...hex.... \n-0003e5f0: 4966 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6973 2066 6f75 If option is fou\n-0003e600: 6e64 2c20 6173 7369 676e 2069 7473 0a20 nd, assign its. \n-0003e610: 2020 2020 7661 6c75 6520 746f 2076 6172 value to var\n-0003e620: 6961 626c 6520 5641 522e 2020 5661 6c75 iable VAR. Valu\n-0003e630: 6573 206f 6620 7479 7065 7320 e280 986e es of types ...n\n-0003e640: 756d 6265 72e2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 umber... and ...\n-0003e650: 6865 78e2 8099 2061 7265 0a20 2020 2020 hex... are. \n-0003e660: 636f 6e76 6572 7465 6420 746f 2073 7472 converted to str\n-0003e670: 696e 6720 7265 7072 6573 656e 7461 7469 ing representati\n-0003e680: 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 on.....File: gru\n-0003e690: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e b.info, Node: n\n-0003e6a0: 6574 5f69 7076 365f 6175 746f 636f 6e66 et_ipv6_autoconf\n-0003e6b0: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f , Next: net_ls_\n-0003e6c0: 6164 6472 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e 6574 addr, Prev: net\n-0003e6d0: 5f67 6574 5f64 6863 705f 6f70 7469 6f6e _get_dhcp_option\n-0003e6e0: 2c20 2055 703a 204e 6574 776f 726b 696e , Up: Networkin\n-0003e6f0: 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 g commands..17.5\n-0003e700: 2e31 3020 6e65 745f 6970 7636 5f61 7574 .10 net_ipv6_aut\n-0003e710: 6f63 6f6e 660a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d oconf.----------\n-0003e720: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n-0003e730: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e65 . -- Command: ne\n-0003e740: 745f 6970 7636 5f61 7574 6f63 6f6e 6620 t_ipv6_autoconf \n-0003e750: 5b43 4152 445d 0a20 2020 2020 5065 7266 [CARD]. Perf\n-0003e760: 6f72 6d20 4950 7636 2061 7574 6f63 6f6e orm IPv6 autocon\n-0003e770: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2062 7920 6164 figuration by ad\n-0003e780: 6469 6e67 2074 6f20 7468 6520 4341 5244 ding to the CARD\n-0003e790: 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2077 6974 680a interface with.\n-0003e7a0: 2020 2020 206e 616d 6520 4341 5244 e280 name CARD..\n-0003e7b0: 983a 6c69 6e6b e280 9920 616e 6420 6c69 .:link... and li\n-0003e7c0: 6e6b 206c 6f63 616c 204d 4143 2d62 6173 nk local MAC-bas\n-0003e7d0: 6564 2061 6464 7265 7373 2e20 2049 6620 ed address. If \n-0003e7e0: 6e6f 2063 6172 6420 6973 0a20 2020 2020 no card is. \n-0003e7f0: 7370 6563 6966 6965 642c 2070 6572 666f specified, perfo\n-0003e800: 726d 2061 7574 6f63 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 rm autoconfigura\n-0003e810: 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 2061 6c6c 2065 7869 tion for all exi\n-0003e820: 7374 696e 6720 6361 7264 732e 0a0a 1f0a sting cards.....\n-0003e830: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-0003e840: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6c73 5f61 Node: net_ls_a\n-0003e850: 6464 722c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f ddr, Next: net_\n-0003e860: 6c73 5f63 6172 6473 2c20 2050 7265 763a ls_cards, Prev:\n-0003e870: 206e 6574 5f69 7076 365f 6175 746f 636f net_ipv6_autoco\n-0003e880: 6e66 2c20 2055 703a 204e 6574 776f 726b nf, Up: Network\n-0003e890: 696e 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 ing commands..17\n-0003e8a0: 2e35 2e31 3120 6e65 745f 6c73 5f61 6464 .5.11 net_ls_add\n-0003e8b0: 720a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d r.--------------\n-0003e8c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 -----.. -- Comma\n-0003e8d0: 6e64 3a20 6e65 745f 6c73 5f61 6464 720a nd: net_ls_addr.\n-0003e8e0: 2020 2020 204c 6973 7420 616c 6c20 636f List all co\n-0003e8f0: 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2069 6e74 6572 6661 nfigured interfa\n-0003e900: 6365 7320 7769 7468 2074 6865 6972 204d ces with their M\n-0003e910: 4143 2061 6e64 2049 5020 6164 6472 6573 AC and IP addres\n-0003e920: 7365 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ses.....File: gr\n-0003e930: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-0003e940: 6e65 745f 6c73 5f63 6172 6473 2c20 204e net_ls_cards, N\n-0003e950: 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 646e 732c ext: net_ls_dns,\n-0003e960: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 6c73 5f61 Prev: net_ls_a\n-0003e970: 6464 722c 2020 5570 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 ddr, Up: Networ\n-0003e980: 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 king commands..1\n-0003e990: 372e 352e 3132 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 6361 7.5.12 net_ls_ca\n-0003e9a0: 7264 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d rds.------------\n-0003e9b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f --------.. -- Co\n-0003e9c0: 6d6d 616e 643a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 6361 mmand: net_ls_ca\n-0003e9d0: 7264 730a 2020 2020 204c 6973 7420 616c rds. List al\n-0003e9e0: 6c20 6465 7465 6374 6564 206e 6574 776f l detected netwo\n-0003e9f0: 726b 2063 6172 6473 2077 6974 6820 7468 rk cards with th\n-0003ea00: 6569 7220 4d41 4320 6164 6472 6573 732e eir MAC address.\n-0003ea10: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-0003ea20: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f nfo, Node: net_\n-0003ea30: 6c73 5f64 6e73 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e ls_dns, Next: n\n-0003ea40: 6574 5f6c 735f 726f 7574 6573 2c20 2050 et_ls_routes, P\n-0003ea50: 7265 763a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 6361 7264 rev: net_ls_card\n-0003ea60: 732c 2020 5570 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 s, Up: Networki\n-0003ea70: 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ng commands..17.\n-0003ea80: 352e 3133 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 646e 730a 5.13 net_ls_dns.\n-0003ea90: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0003eaa0: 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a --.. -- Command:\n-0003eab0: 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 646e 730a 2020 2020 net_ls_dns. \n-0003eac0: 204c 6973 7420 6164 6472 6573 7365 7320 List addresses \n-0003ead0: 6f66 2044 4e53 2073 6572 7665 7273 2075 of DNS servers u\n-0003eae0: 7365 6420 6475 7269 6e67 206e 616d 6520 sed during name \n-0003eaf0: 6c6f 6f6b 7570 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a lookup.....File:\n-0003eb00: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-0003eb10: 653a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 726f 7574 6573 e: net_ls_routes\n-0003eb20: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f6e 736c , Next: net_nsl\n-0003eb30: 6f6f 6b75 702c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 ookup, Prev: ne\n-0003eb40: 745f 6c73 5f64 6e73 2c20 2055 703a 204e t_ls_dns, Up: N\n-0003eb50: 6574 776f 726b 696e 6720 636f 6d6d 616e etworking comman\n-0003eb60: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 2e31 3420 6e65 745f ds..17.5.14 net_\n-0003eb70: 6c73 5f72 6f75 7465 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ls_routes.------\n-0003eb80: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n-0003eb90: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e65 . -- Command: ne\n-0003eba0: 745f 6c73 5f72 6f75 7465 730a 2020 2020 t_ls_routes. \n-0003ebb0: 204c 6973 7420 726f 7574 696e 6720 656e List routing en\n-0003ebc0: 7472 6965 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 tries.....File: \n-0003ebd0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-0003ebe0: 3a20 6e65 745f 6e73 6c6f 6f6b 7570 2c20 : net_nslookup, \n-0003ebf0: 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f73 6574 5f76 Next: net_set_v\n-0003ec00: 6c61 6e2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f lan, Prev: net_\n-0003ec10: 6c73 5f72 6f75 7465 732c 2020 5570 3a20 ls_routes, Up: \n-0003ec20: 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 Networking comma\n-0003ec30: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 352e 3135 206e 6574 nds..17.5.15 net\n-0003ec40: 5f6e 736c 6f6f 6b75 700a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d _nslookup.------\n-0003ec50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n-0003ec60: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206e 6574 -- Command: net\n-0003ec70: 5f6e 736c 6f6f 6b75 7020 4e41 4d45 205b _nslookup NAME [\n-0003ec80: 5345 5256 4552 5d0a 2020 2020 2052 6573 SERVER]. Res\n-0003ec90: 6f6c 7665 2061 6464 7265 7373 206f 6620 olve address of \n-0003eca0: 4e41 4d45 2075 7369 6e67 2044 4e53 2073 NAME using DNS s\n-0003ecb0: 6572 7665 7220 5345 5256 4552 2e20 2049 erver SERVER. I\n-0003ecc0: 6620 6e6f 2073 6572 7665 7220 6973 0a20 f no server is. \n-0003ecd0: 2020 2020 6769 7665 6e2c 2075 7365 2064 given, use d\n-0003ece0: 6566 6175 6c74 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2073 efault list of s\n-0003ecf0: 6572 7665 7273 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a ervers.....File:\n-0003ed00: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-0003ed10: 653a 206e 6574 5f73 6574 5f76 6c61 6e2c e: net_set_vlan,\n-0003ed20: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 6e73 6c6f Prev: net_nslo\n-0003ed30: 6f6b 7570 2c20 2055 703a 204e 6574 776f okup, Up: Netwo\n-0003ed40: 726b 696e 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a rking commands..\n-0003ed50: 3137 2e35 2e31 3620 6e65 745f 7365 745f 17.5.16 net_set_\n-0003ed60: 766c 616e 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d vlan.-----------\n-0003ed70: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n-0003ed80: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e65 745f 7365 745f ommand: net_set_\n-0003ed90: 766c 616e 2049 4e54 4552 4641 4345 2056 vlan INTERFACE V\n-0003eda0: 4c41 4e49 440a 2020 2020 2053 6574 2074 LANID. Set t\n-0003edb0: 6865 2038 3032 2e31 5120 564c 414e 2069 he 802.1Q VLAN i\n-0003edc0: 6465 6e74 6966 6965 7220 6f6e 2049 4e54 dentifier on INT\n-0003edd0: 4552 4641 4345 2074 6f20 564c 414e 4944 ERFACE to VLANID\n-0003ede0: 2e20 2046 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 6578 616d . For. exam\n-0003edf0: 706c 652c 2074 6f20 7365 7420 7468 6520 ple, to set the \n-0003ee00: 564c 414e 2069 6465 6e74 6966 6965 7220 VLAN identifier \n-0003ee10: 6f6e 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 20e2 8098 on interface ...\n-0003ee20: 6566 696e 6574 31e2 8099 2074 6f0a 2020 efinet1... to. \n-0003ee30: 2020 20e2 8098 3130 30e2 8099 3a0a 0a20 ...100...:.. \n-0003ee40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6574 5f73 6574 net_set\n-0003ee50: 5f76 6c61 6e20 6566 696e 6574 3120 3130 _vlan efinet1 10\n-0003ee60: 300a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 564c 414e 0.. The VLAN\n-0003ee70: 2069 6465 6e74 6966 6965 7220 6361 6e20 identifier can \n-0003ee80: 6265 2072 656d 6f76 6564 2062 7920 7365 be removed by se\n-0003ee90: 7474 696e 6720 6974 2074 6f20 e280 9830 tting it to ...0\n-0003eea0: e280 993a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ...:.. \n-0003eeb0: 6e65 745f 7365 745f 766c 616e 2065 6669 net_set_vlan efi\n-0003eec0: 6e65 7431 2030 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 net1 0....File: \n-0003eed0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-0003eee0: 3a20 556e 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6564 2063 : Undocumented c\n-0003eef0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 ommands, Prev: \n-0003ef00: 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 Networking comma\n-0003ef10: 6e64 732c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e nds, Up: Comman\n-0003ef20: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e36 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ds..17.6 Command\n-0003ef30: 7320 6375 7272 656e 746c 7920 756e 646f s currently undo\n-0003ef40: 6375 6d65 6e74 6564 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d cumented.=======\n+0003e530: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n+0003e540: 6e65 745f 6765 745f 6468 6370 5f6f 7074 net_get_dhcp_opt\n+0003e550: 696f 6e20 5641 5220 494e 5445 5246 4143 ion VAR INTERFAC\n+0003e560: 4520 4e55 4d42 4552 2054 5950 450a 2020 E NUMBER TYPE. \n+0003e570: 2020 2052 6571 7565 7374 2044 4843 5020 Request DHCP \n+0003e580: 6f70 7469 6f6e 204e 554d 4245 5220 6f66 option NUMBER of\n+0003e590: 2054 5950 4520 7669 6120 494e 5445 5246 TYPE via INTERF\n+0003e5a0: 4143 452e 2020 5459 5045 2063 616e 2062 ACE. TYPE can b\n+0003e5b0: 6520 6f6e 650a 2020 2020 206f 6620 e280 e one. of ..\n+0003e5c0: 9873 7472 696e 67e2 8099 2c20 e280 986e .string..., ...n\n+0003e5d0: 756d 6265 72e2 8099 206f 7220 e280 9868 umber... or ...h\n+0003e5e0: 6578 e280 992e 2020 4966 206f 7074 696f ex.... If optio\n+0003e5f0: 6e20 6973 2066 6f75 6e64 2c20 6173 7369 n is found, assi\n+0003e600: 676e 2069 7473 0a20 2020 2020 7661 6c75 gn its. valu\n+0003e610: 6520 746f 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 5641 e to variable VA\n+0003e620: 522e 2020 5661 6c75 6573 206f 6620 7479 R. Values of ty\n+0003e630: 7065 7320 e280 986e 756d 6265 72e2 8099 pes ...number...\n+0003e640: 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 6865 78e2 8099 2061 and ...hex... a\n+0003e650: 7265 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e76 6572 7465 re. converte\n+0003e660: 6420 746f 2073 7472 696e 6720 7265 7072 d to string repr\n+0003e670: 6573 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 esentation.....F\n+0003e680: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+0003e690: 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f69 7076 365f Node: net_ipv6_\n+0003e6a0: 6175 746f 636f 6e66 2c20 204e 6578 743a autoconf, Next:\n+0003e6b0: 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 6164 6472 2c20 2050 net_ls_addr, P\n+0003e6c0: 7265 763a 206e 6574 5f67 6574 5f64 6863 rev: net_get_dhc\n+0003e6d0: 705f 6f70 7469 6f6e 2c20 2055 703a 204e p_option, Up: N\n+0003e6e0: 6574 776f 726b 696e 6720 636f 6d6d 616e etworking comman\n+0003e6f0: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 2e31 3020 6e65 745f ds..17.5.10 net_\n+0003e700: 6970 7636 5f61 7574 6f63 6f6e 660a 2d2d ipv6_autoconf.--\n+0003e710: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0003e720: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n+0003e730: 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e65 745f 6970 7636 5f61 mand: net_ipv6_a\n+0003e740: 7574 6f63 6f6e 6620 5b43 4152 445d 0a20 utoconf [CARD]. \n+0003e750: 2020 2020 5065 7266 6f72 6d20 4950 7636 Perform IPv6\n+0003e760: 2061 7574 6f63 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 autoconfigurati\n+0003e770: 6f6e 2062 7920 6164 6469 6e67 2074 6f20 on by adding to \n+0003e780: 7468 6520 4341 5244 2069 6e74 6572 6661 the CARD interfa\n+0003e790: 6365 2077 6974 680a 2020 2020 206e 616d ce with. nam\n+0003e7a0: 6520 4341 5244 e280 983a 6c69 6e6b e280 e CARD...:link..\n+0003e7b0: 9920 616e 6420 6c69 6e6b 206c 6f63 616c . and link local\n+0003e7c0: 204d 4143 2d62 6173 6564 2061 6464 7265 MAC-based addre\n+0003e7d0: 7373 2e20 2049 6620 6e6f 2063 6172 6420 ss. If no card \n+0003e7e0: 6973 0a20 2020 2020 7370 6563 6966 6965 is. specifie\n+0003e7f0: 642c 2070 6572 666f 726d 2061 7574 6f63 d, perform autoc\n+0003e800: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 onfiguration for\n+0003e810: 2061 6c6c 2065 7869 7374 696e 6720 6361 all existing ca\n+0003e820: 7264 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 rds.....File: gr\n+0003e830: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+0003e840: 6e65 745f 6c73 5f61 6464 722c 2020 4e65 net_ls_addr, Ne\n+0003e850: 7874 3a20 6e65 745f 6c73 5f63 6172 6473 xt: net_ls_cards\n+0003e860: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e 6574 5f69 7076 , Prev: net_ipv\n+0003e870: 365f 6175 746f 636f 6e66 2c20 2055 703a 6_autoconf, Up:\n+0003e880: 204e 6574 776f 726b 696e 6720 636f 6d6d Networking comm\n+0003e890: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 2e31 3120 6e65 ands..17.5.11 ne\n+0003e8a0: 745f 6c73 5f61 6464 720a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d t_ls_addr.------\n+0003e8b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 -------------.. \n+0003e8c0: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e65 745f -- Command: net_\n+0003e8d0: 6c73 5f61 6464 720a 2020 2020 204c 6973 ls_addr. Lis\n+0003e8e0: 7420 616c 6c20 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 t all configured\n+0003e8f0: 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 7320 7769 7468 interfaces with\n+0003e900: 2074 6865 6972 204d 4143 2061 6e64 2049 their MAC and I\n+0003e910: 5020 6164 6472 6573 7365 732e 0a0a 1f0a P addresses.....\n+0003e920: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+0003e930: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6c73 5f63 Node: net_ls_c\n+0003e940: 6172 6473 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 ards, Next: net\n+0003e950: 5f6c 735f 646e 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 _ls_dns, Prev: \n+0003e960: 6e65 745f 6c73 5f61 6464 722c 2020 5570 net_ls_addr, Up\n+0003e970: 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d : Networking com\n+0003e980: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 352e 3132 206e mands..17.5.12 n\n+0003e990: 6574 5f6c 735f 6361 7264 730a 2d2d 2d2d et_ls_cards.----\n+0003e9a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0003e9b0: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206e .. -- Command: n\n+0003e9c0: 6574 5f6c 735f 6361 7264 730a 2020 2020 et_ls_cards. \n+0003e9d0: 204c 6973 7420 616c 6c20 6465 7465 6374 List all detect\n+0003e9e0: 6564 206e 6574 776f 726b 2063 6172 6473 ed network cards\n+0003e9f0: 2077 6974 6820 7468 6569 7220 4d41 4320 with their MAC \n+0003ea00: 6164 6472 6573 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 address.....File\n+0003ea10: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+0003ea20: 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6c73 5f64 6e73 2c20 de: net_ls_dns, \n+0003ea30: 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 726f Next: net_ls_ro\n+0003ea40: 7574 6573 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e 6574 utes, Prev: net\n+0003ea50: 5f6c 735f 6361 7264 732c 2020 5570 3a20 _ls_cards, Up: \n+0003ea60: 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 Networking comma\n+0003ea70: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 352e 3133 206e 6574 nds..17.5.13 net\n+0003ea80: 5f6c 735f 646e 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d _ls_dns.--------\n+0003ea90: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n+0003eaa0: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f Command: net_ls_\n+0003eab0: 646e 730a 2020 2020 204c 6973 7420 6164 dns. List ad\n+0003eac0: 6472 6573 7365 7320 6f66 2044 4e53 2073 dresses of DNS s\n+0003ead0: 6572 7665 7273 2075 7365 6420 6475 7269 ervers used duri\n+0003eae0: 6e67 206e 616d 6520 6c6f 6f6b 7570 2e0a ng name lookup..\n+0003eaf0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n+0003eb00: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f6c fo, Node: net_l\n+0003eb10: 735f 726f 7574 6573 2c20 204e 6578 743a s_routes, Next:\n+0003eb20: 206e 6574 5f6e 736c 6f6f 6b75 702c 2020 net_nslookup, \n+0003eb30: 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 6c73 5f64 6e73 Prev: net_ls_dns\n+0003eb40: 2c20 2055 703a 204e 6574 776f 726b 696e , Up: Networkin\n+0003eb50: 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 g commands..17.5\n+0003eb60: 2e31 3420 6e65 745f 6c73 5f72 6f75 7465 .14 net_ls_route\n+0003eb70: 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d s.--------------\n+0003eb80: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n+0003eb90: 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e65 745f 6c73 5f72 6f75 mand: net_ls_rou\n+0003eba0: 7465 730a 2020 2020 204c 6973 7420 726f tes. List ro\n+0003ebb0: 7574 696e 6720 656e 7472 6965 732e 0a0a uting entries...\n+0003ebc0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+0003ebd0: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6e73 o, Node: net_ns\n+0003ebe0: 6c6f 6f6b 7570 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e lookup, Next: n\n+0003ebf0: 6574 5f73 6574 5f76 6c61 6e2c 2020 5072 et_set_vlan, Pr\n+0003ec00: 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 6c73 5f72 6f75 7465 ev: net_ls_route\n+0003ec10: 732c 2020 5570 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 s, Up: Networki\n+0003ec20: 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ng commands..17.\n+0003ec30: 352e 3135 206e 6574 5f6e 736c 6f6f 6b75 5.15 net_nslooku\n+0003ec40: 700a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d p.--------------\n+0003ec50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n+0003ec60: 616e 643a 206e 6574 5f6e 736c 6f6f 6b75 and: net_nslooku\n+0003ec70: 7020 4e41 4d45 205b 5345 5256 4552 5d0a p NAME [SERVER].\n+0003ec80: 2020 2020 2052 6573 6f6c 7665 2061 6464 Resolve add\n+0003ec90: 7265 7373 206f 6620 4e41 4d45 2075 7369 ress of NAME usi\n+0003eca0: 6e67 2044 4e53 2073 6572 7665 7220 5345 ng DNS server SE\n+0003ecb0: 5256 4552 2e20 2049 6620 6e6f 2073 6572 RVER. If no ser\n+0003ecc0: 7665 7220 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6769 7665 ver is. give\n+0003ecd0: 6e2c 2075 7365 2064 6566 6175 6c74 206c n, use default l\n+0003ece0: 6973 7420 6f66 2073 6572 7665 7273 2e0a ist of servers..\n+0003ecf0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n+0003ed00: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f73 fo, Node: net_s\n+0003ed10: 6574 5f76 6c61 6e2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 et_vlan, Prev: \n+0003ed20: 6e65 745f 6e73 6c6f 6f6b 7570 2c20 2055 net_nslookup, U\n+0003ed30: 703a 204e 6574 776f 726b 696e 6720 636f p: Networking co\n+0003ed40: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 2e31 3620 mmands..17.5.16 \n+0003ed50: 6e65 745f 7365 745f 766c 616e 0a2d 2d2d net_set_vlan.---\n+0003ed60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0003ed70: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n+0003ed80: 6e65 745f 7365 745f 766c 616e 2049 4e54 net_set_vlan INT\n+0003ed90: 4552 4641 4345 2056 4c41 4e49 440a 2020 ERFACE VLANID. \n+0003eda0: 2020 2053 6574 2074 6865 2038 3032 2e31 Set the 802.1\n+0003edb0: 5120 564c 414e 2069 6465 6e74 6966 6965 Q VLAN identifie\n+0003edc0: 7220 6f6e 2049 4e54 4552 4641 4345 2074 r on INTERFACE t\n+0003edd0: 6f20 564c 414e 4944 2e20 2046 6f72 0a20 o VLANID. For. \n+0003ede0: 2020 2020 6578 616d 706c 652c 2074 6f20 example, to \n+0003edf0: 7365 7420 7468 6520 564c 414e 2069 6465 set the VLAN ide\n+0003ee00: 6e74 6966 6965 7220 6f6e 2069 6e74 6572 ntifier on inter\n+0003ee10: 6661 6365 20e2 8098 6566 696e 6574 31e2 face ...efinet1.\n+0003ee20: 8099 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 3130 .. to. ...10\n+0003ee30: 30e2 8099 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 0...:.. \n+0003ee40: 206e 6574 5f73 6574 5f76 6c61 6e20 6566 net_set_vlan ef\n+0003ee50: 696e 6574 3120 3130 300a 0a20 2020 2020 inet1 100.. \n+0003ee60: 5468 6520 564c 414e 2069 6465 6e74 6966 The VLAN identif\n+0003ee70: 6965 7220 6361 6e20 6265 2072 656d 6f76 ier can be remov\n+0003ee80: 6564 2062 7920 7365 7474 696e 6720 6974 ed by setting it\n+0003ee90: 2074 6f20 e280 9830 e280 993a 0a0a 2020 to ...0...:.. \n+0003eea0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e65 745f 7365 745f net_set_\n+0003eeb0: 766c 616e 2065 6669 6e65 7431 2030 0a0a vlan efinet1 0..\n+0003eec0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+0003eed0: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 556e 646f 6375 o, Node: Undocu\n+0003eee0: 6d65 6e74 6564 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c mented commands,\n+0003eef0: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 Prev: Networki\n+0003ef00: 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c 2020 5570 ng commands, Up\n+0003ef10: 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e36 : Commands..17.6\n+0003ef20: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 6375 7272 656e Commands curren\n+0003ef30: 746c 7920 756e 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6564 tly undocumented\n+0003ef40: 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d .===============\n 0003ef50: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0003ef60: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a55 =============..U\n-0003ef70: 6e66 6f72 7475 6e61 7465 6c79 2c20 6e6f nfortunately, no\n-0003ef80: 7420 616c 6c20 4752 5542 2063 6f6d 6d61 t all GRUB comma\n-0003ef90: 6e64 7320 6172 6520 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 nds are document\n-0003efa0: 6564 2061 7420 7468 6973 2074 696d 6520 ed at this time \n-0003efb0: 6475 6520 746f 0a64 6576 656c 6f70 6572 due to.developer\n-0003efc0: 2072 6573 6f75 7263 6520 636f 6e73 7472 resource constr\n-0003efd0: 6169 6e74 732e 2020 4f6e 6520 7761 7920 aints. One way \n-0003efe0: 746f 2063 6f6e 7472 6962 7574 6520 6261 to contribute ba\n-0003eff0: 636b 2074 6f20 7468 6520 4752 5542 0a70 ck to the GRUB.p\n-0003f000: 726f 6a65 6374 2077 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 roject would be \n-0003f010: 746f 2068 656c 7020 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 to help document\n-0003f020: 2074 6865 7365 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c these commands,\n-0003f030: 2061 6e64 2073 7562 6d69 7420 7061 7463 and submit patc\n-0003f040: 6865 7320 6f72 0a69 6465 6173 2074 6f20 hes or.ideas to \n-0003f050: 7468 6520 6d61 696c 696e 6720 6c69 7374 the mailing list\n-0003f060: 2e20 2054 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 . The following\n-0003f070: 2069 7320 6120 286d 6f73 7420 6c69 6b65 is a (most like\n-0003f080: 6c79 2069 6e63 6f6d 706c 6574 6529 0a6c ly incomplete).l\n-0003f090: 6973 7420 6f66 2075 6e64 6f63 756d 656e ist of undocumen\n-0003f0a0: 7465 6420 6f72 2070 6f6f 726c 7920 646f ted or poorly do\n-0003f0b0: 6375 6d65 6e74 6564 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 cumented command\n-0003f0c0: 7320 616e 6420 6e6f 7420 616c 6c20 6f66 s and not all of\n-0003f0d0: 2074 6865 6d0a 6172 6520 616c 6c6f 7765 them.are allowe\n-0003f0e0: 6420 666f 7220 616c 6c20 706c 6174 666f d for all platfo\n-0003f0f0: 726d 732e 2020 5275 6e6e 696e 6720 7468 rms. Running th\n-0003f100: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6865 6c70 2066 e command help f\n-0003f110: 726f 6d20 7769 7468 696e 2074 6865 0a47 rom within the.G\n-0003f120: 5255 4220 7368 656c 6c20 6d61 7920 7072 RUB shell may pr\n-0003f130: 6f76 6964 6520 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 ovide more infor\n-0003f140: 6d61 7469 6f6e 206f 6e20 7061 7261 6d65 mation on parame\n-0003f150: 7465 7273 2061 6e64 2075 7361 6765 2e0a ters and usage..\n-0003f160: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9861 6c6c 5f66 . ... ...all_f\n-0003f170: 756e 6374 696f 6e61 6c5f 7465 7374 e280 unctional_test..\n-0003f180: 9920 2d20 5275 6e20 616c 6c20 6675 6e63 . - Run all func\n-0003f190: 7469 6f6e 616c 2074 6573 7473 2e0a 2020 tional tests.. \n-0003f1a0: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6261 636b 7472 6163 ... ...backtrac\n-0003f1b0: 65e2 8099 202d 2050 7269 6e74 2062 6163 e... - Print bac\n-0003f1c0: 6b74 7261 6365 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 ktrace.. ... .\n-0003f1d0: 8098 626f 6f74 7469 6d65 e280 9920 2d20 ..boottime... - \n-0003f1e0: 5368 6f77 2062 6f6f 7420 7469 6d65 2073 Show boot time s\n-0003f1f0: 7461 7469 7374 6963 732e 0a20 2020 e280 tatistics.. ..\n-0003f200: a220 e280 9863 6163 6865 696e 666f e280 . ...cacheinfo..\n-0003f210: 9920 2d20 4765 7420 6469 736b 2063 6163 . - Get disk cac\n-0003f220: 6865 2069 6e66 6f2e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 he info.. ... \n-0003f230: e280 9863 626d 656d 63e2 8099 202d 2053 ...cbmemc... - S\n-0003f240: 686f 7720 4342 4d45 4d20 636f 6e73 6f6c how CBMEM consol\n-0003f250: 6520 636f 6e74 656e 742e 0a20 2020 e280 e content.. ..\n-0003f260: a220 e280 9863 6d6f 7373 6574 e280 9920 . ...cmosset... \n-0003f270: 2d20 5365 7420 6269 7420 6174 2042 5954 - Set bit at BYT\n-0003f280: 453a 4249 5420 696e 2043 4d4f 532e 0a20 E:BIT in CMOS.. \n-0003f290: 2020 e280 a220 e280 9863 6f72 6562 6f6f ... ...coreboo\n-0003f2a0: 745f 626f 6f74 7469 6d65 e280 9920 2d20 t_boottime... - \n-0003f2b0: 5368 6f77 2063 6f72 6562 6f6f 7420 626f Show coreboot bo\n-0003f2c0: 6f74 2074 696d 6520 7374 6174 6973 7469 ot time statisti\n-0003f2d0: 6373 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6475 cs.. ... ...du\n-0003f2e0: 6d70 e280 9920 2d20 5368 6f77 206d 656d mp... - Show mem\n-0003f2f0: 6f72 7920 636f 6e74 656e 7473 2e0a 2020 ory contents.. \n-0003f300: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6566 6965 6d75 5f6c ... ...efiemu_l\n-0003f310: 6f61 6463 6f72 65e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 oadcore... - Loa\n-0003f320: 6420 616e 6420 696e 6974 6961 6c69 7a65 d and initialize\n-0003f330: 2045 4649 2065 6d75 6c61 746f 722e 0a20 EFI emulator.. \n-0003f340: 2020 e280 a220 e280 9865 6669 656d 755f ... ...efiemu_\n-0003f350: 7072 6570 6172 65e2 8099 202d 2046 696e prepare... - Fin\n-0003f360: 616c 697a 6520 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 6f66 alize loading of\n-0003f370: 2045 4649 2065 6d75 6c61 746f 722e 0a20 EFI emulator.. \n-0003f380: 2020 e280 a220 e280 9865 6669 656d 755f ... ...efiemu_\n-0003f390: 756e 6c6f 6164 e280 9920 2d20 556e 6c6f unload... - Unlo\n-0003f3a0: 6164 2045 4649 2065 6d75 6c61 746f 722e ad EFI emulator.\n-0003f3b0: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9865 7869 74e2 . ... ...exit.\n-0003f3c0: 8099 202d 2045 7869 7420 6672 6f6d 2047 .. - Exit from G\n-0003f3d0: 5255 422e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9865 RUB.. ... ...e\n-0003f3e0: 7874 7261 6374 5f65 6e74 7269 6573 5f63 xtract_entries_c\n-0003f3f0: 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 65e2 8099 202d 204c onfigfile... - L\n-0003f400: 6f61 6420 616e 6f74 6865 7220 636f 6e66 oad another conf\n-0003f410: 6967 2066 696c 6520 6275 7420 7461 6b65 ig file but take\n-0003f420: 0a20 2020 2020 6f6e 6c79 206d 656e 7520 . only menu \n-0003f430: 656e 7472 6965 732e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 entries.. ... \n-0003f440: e280 9865 7874 7261 6374 5f65 6e74 7269 ...extract_entri\n-0003f450: 6573 5f73 6f75 7263 65e2 8099 202d 204c es_source... - L\n-0003f460: 6f61 6420 616e 6f74 6865 7220 636f 6e66 oad another conf\n-0003f470: 6967 2066 696c 6520 7769 7468 6f75 740a ig file without.\n-0003f480: 2020 2020 2063 6861 6e67 696e 6720 636f changing co\n-0003f490: 6e74 6578 7420 6275 7420 7461 6b65 206f ntext but take o\n-0003f4a0: 6e6c 7920 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 6573 nly menu entries\n-0003f4b0: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6578 7472 .. ... ...extr\n-0003f4c0: 6163 745f 6c65 6761 6379 5f65 6e74 7269 act_legacy_entri\n-0003f4d0: 6573 5f63 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 65e2 8099 es_configfile...\n-0003f4e0: 202d 2050 6172 7365 206c 6567 6163 7920 - Parse legacy \n-0003f4f0: 636f 6e66 6967 2069 6e20 6e65 770a 2020 config in new. \n-0003f500: 2020 2063 6f6e 7465 7874 2074 616b 696e context takin\n-0003f510: 6720 6f6e 6c79 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 g only menu entr\n-0003f520: 6965 730a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6578 ies. ... ...ex\n-0003f530: 7472 6163 745f 6c65 6761 6379 5f65 6e74 tract_legacy_ent\n-0003f540: 7269 6573 5f73 6f75 7263 65e2 8099 202d ries_source... -\n-0003f550: 2050 6172 7365 206c 6567 6163 7920 636f Parse legacy co\n-0003f560: 6e66 6967 2069 6e20 7361 6d65 0a20 2020 nfig in same. \n-0003f570: 2020 636f 6e74 6578 7420 7461 6b69 6e67 context taking\n-0003f580: 206f 6e6c 7920 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 only menu entri\n-0003f590: 6573 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9865 7874 es. ... ...ext\n-0003f5a0: 7261 6374 5f73 7973 6c69 6e75 785f 656e ract_syslinux_en\n-0003f5b0: 7472 6965 735f 636f 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 tries_configfile\n-0003f5c0: e280 9920 2d20 4578 6563 7574 6520 7379 ... - Execute sy\n-0003f5d0: 736c 696e 7578 2063 6f6e 6669 6720 696e slinux config in\n-0003f5e0: 0a20 2020 2020 6e65 7720 636f 6e74 6578 . new contex\n-0003f5f0: 7420 7461 6b69 6e67 206f 6e6c 7920 6d65 t taking only me\n-0003f600: 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 6573 0a20 2020 e280 nu entries. ..\n-0003f610: a220 e280 9865 7874 7261 6374 5f73 7973 . ...extract_sys\n-0003f620: 6c69 6e75 785f 656e 7472 6965 735f 736f linux_entries_so\n-0003f630: 7572 6365 e280 9920 2d20 4578 6563 7574 urce... - Execut\n-0003f640: 6520 7379 736c 696e 7578 2063 6f6e 6669 e syslinux confi\n-0003f650: 6720 696e 2073 616d 650a 2020 2020 2063 g in same. c\n-0003f660: 6f6e 7465 7874 2074 616b 696e 6720 6f6e ontext taking on\n-0003f670: 6c79 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 730a ly menu entries.\n-0003f680: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6661 6b65 6269 ... ...fakebi\n-0003f690: 6f73 e280 9920 2d20 4372 6561 7465 2042 os... - Create B\n-0003f6a0: 494f 532d 6c69 6b65 2073 7472 7563 7475 IOS-like structu\n-0003f6b0: 7265 7320 666f 7220 6261 636b 7761 7264 res for backward\n-0003f6c0: 2063 6f6d 7061 7469 6269 6c69 7479 0a20 compatibility. \n-0003f6d0: 2020 2020 7769 7468 2065 7869 7374 696e with existin\n-0003f6e0: 6720 4f53 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 g OS.. ... ...\n-0003f6f0: 6669 6c65 e280 9920 2d20 4368 6563 6b20 file... - Check \n-0003f700: 6966 2046 494c 4520 6973 206f 6620 7370 if FILE is of sp\n-0003f710: 6563 6966 6965 6420 7479 7065 2e0a 2020 ecified type.. \n-0003f720: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6669 785f 7669 6465 ... ...fix_vide\n-0003f730: 6fe2 8099 202d 2046 6978 2076 6964 656f o... - Fix video\n-0003f740: 2070 726f 626c 656d 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 problem.. ...\n-0003f750: 20e2 8098 6670 7377 61e2 8099 202d 2044 ...fpswa... - D\n-0003f760: 6973 706c 6179 2046 5053 5741 2076 6572 isplay FPSWA ver\n-0003f770: 7369 6f6e 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 sion.. ... ...\n-0003f780: 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 616c 5f74 6573 74e2 functional_test.\n-0003f790: 8099 202d 2052 756e 2061 6c6c 206c 6f61 .. - Run all loa\n-0003f7a0: 6465 6420 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 616c 2074 ded functional t\n-0003f7b0: 6573 7473 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 ests.. ... ...\n-0003f7c0: 6764 6273 7475 625f 6272 6561 6be2 8099 gdbstub_break...\n-0003f7d0: 202d 2042 7265 616b 2069 6e74 6f20 4744 - Break into GD\n-0003f7e0: 420a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6764 6273 B. ... ...gdbs\n-0003f7f0: 7475 62e2 8099 202d 2053 7461 7274 2047 tub... - Start G\n-0003f800: 4442 2073 7475 6220 6f6e 2067 6976 656e DB stub on given\n-0003f810: 2070 6f72 740a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 port. ... ...\n-0003f820: 6764 6273 7475 625f 7374 6f70 e280 9920 gdbstub_stop... \n-0003f830: 2d20 5374 6f70 2047 4442 2073 7475 620a - Stop GDB stub.\n-0003f840: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6864 7061 726d ... ...hdparm\n-0003f850: e280 9920 2d20 4765 742f 7365 7420 4154 ... - Get/set AT\n-0003f860: 4120 6469 736b 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 A disk parameter\n-0003f870: 732e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9868 6578 s.. ... ...hex\n-0003f880: 6475 6d70 5f72 616e 646f 6de2 8099 202d dump_random... -\n-0003f890: 2048 6578 6475 6d70 2072 616e 646f 6d20 Hexdump random \n-0003f8a0: 6461 7461 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 data.. ... ...\n-0003f8b0: 696e 62e2 8099 202d 2052 6561 6420 382d inb... - Read 8-\n-0003f8c0: 6269 7420 7661 6c75 6520 6672 6f6d 2050 bit value from P\n-0003f8d0: 4f52 542e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9869 ORT.. ... ...i\n-0003f8e0: 6e6c e280 9920 2d20 5265 6164 2033 322d nl... - Read 32-\n-0003f8f0: 6269 7420 7661 6c75 6520 6672 6f6d 2050 bit value from P\n-0003f900: 4f52 542e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9869 ORT.. ... ...i\n-0003f910: 6e77 e280 9920 2d20 5265 6164 2031 362d nw... - Read 16-\n-0003f920: 6269 7420 7661 6c75 6520 6672 6f6d 2050 bit value from P\n-0003f930: 4f52 542e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986a ORT.. ... ...j\n-0003f940: 7065 6774 6573 74e2 8099 202d 2054 6573 pegtest... - Tes\n-0003f950: 7473 206c 6f61 6469 6e67 206f 6620 4a50 ts loading of JP\n-0003f960: 4547 2062 6974 6d61 702e 0a20 2020 e280 EG bitmap.. ..\n-0003f970: a220 e280 986b 6579 6d61 70e2 8099 202d . ...keymap... -\n-0003f980: 204c 6f61 6420 6120 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 Load a keyboard\n-0003f990: 206c 6179 6f75 742e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 layout.. ... \n-0003f9a0: e280 986c 6567 6163 795f 6368 6563 6b5f ...legacy_check_\n-0003f9b0: 7061 7373 776f 7264 e280 9920 2d20 5369 password... - Si\n-0003f9c0: 6d75 6c61 7465 2067 7275 622d 6c65 6761 mulate grub-lega\n-0003f9d0: 6379 2027 7061 7373 776f 7264 2720 636f cy 'password' co\n-0003f9e0: 6d6d 616e 640a 2020 2020 2069 6e20 6d65 mmand. in me\n-0003f9f0: 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 206d 6f64 650a 2020 nu entry mode. \n-0003fa00: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6c65 6761 6379 5f63 ... ...legacy_c\n-0003fa10: 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 65e2 8099 202d 2050 onfigfile... - P\n-0003fa20: 6172 7365 206c 6567 6163 7920 636f 6e66 arse legacy conf\n-0003fa30: 6967 2069 6e20 6e65 7720 636f 6e74 6578 ig in new contex\n-0003fa40: 740a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6c65 6761 t. ... ...lega\n-0003fa50: 6379 5f70 6173 7377 6f72 64e2 8099 202d cy_password... -\n-0003fa60: 2053 696d 756c 6174 6520 6772 7562 2d6c Simulate grub-l\n-0003fa70: 6567 6163 7920 2770 6173 7377 6f72 6427 egacy 'password'\n-0003fa80: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 0a20 2020 e280 a220 command. ... \n-0003fa90: e280 986c 6567 6163 795f 736f 7572 6365 ...legacy_source\n-0003faa0: e280 9920 2d20 5061 7273 6520 6c65 6761 ... - Parse lega\n-0003fab0: 6379 2063 6f6e 6669 6720 696e 2073 616d cy config in sam\n-0003fac0: 6520 636f 6e74 6578 740a 2020 20e2 80a2 e context. ...\n-0003fad0: 20e2 8098 6c6f 6164 6269 6f73 e280 9920 ...loadbios... \n-0003fae0: 2d20 4c6f 6164 2042 494f 5320 6475 6d70 - Load BIOS dump\n-0003faf0: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6c73 6163 .. ... ...lsac\n-0003fb00: 7069 e280 9920 2d20 5368 6f77 2041 4350 pi... - Show ACP\n-0003fb10: 4920 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e2e 0a20 I information.. \n-0003fb20: 2020 e280 a220 e280 986c 7361 706d e280 ... ...lsapm..\n-0003fb30: 9920 2d20 5368 6f77 2041 504d 2069 6e66 . - Show APM inf\n-0003fb40: 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 ormation.. ...\n-0003fb50: 20e2 8098 6c73 636f 7265 626f 6f74 e280 ...lscoreboot..\n-0003fb60: 9920 2d20 4c69 7374 2063 6f72 6562 6f6f . - List coreboo\n-0003fb70: 7420 7461 626c 6573 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 t tables.. ...\n-0003fb80: 20e2 8098 6c73 6465 76e2 8099 202d 204c ...lsdev... - L\n-0003fb90: 6973 7420 6465 7669 6365 732e 0a20 2020 ist devices.. \n-0003fba0: e280 a220 e280 986c 7365 6669 e280 9920 ... ...lsefi... \n-0003fbb0: 2d20 4469 7370 6c61 7920 4546 4920 6861 - Display EFI ha\n-0003fbc0: 6e64 6c65 732e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 ndles.. ... ..\n-0003fbd0: 986c 7365 6669 6d6d 6170 e280 9920 2d20 .lsefimmap... - \n-0003fbe0: 4469 7370 6c61 7920 4546 4920 6d65 6d6f Display EFI memo\n-0003fbf0: 7279 206d 6170 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 ry map.. ... .\n-0003fc00: 8098 6c73 6566 6973 7973 7461 62e2 8099 ..lsefisystab...\n-0003fc10: 202d 2044 6973 706c 6179 2045 4649 2073 - Display EFI s\n-0003fc20: 7973 7465 6d20 7461 626c 6573 2e0a 2020 ystem tables.. \n-0003fc30: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6c73 6d6d 6170 e280 ... ...lsmmap..\n-0003fc40: 9920 2d20 4c69 7374 206d 656d 6f72 7920 . - List memory \n-0003fc50: 6d61 7020 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 map provided by \n-0003fc60: 6669 726d 7761 7265 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 firmware.. ...\n-0003fc70: 20e2 8098 6c73 7063 69e2 8099 202d 204c ...lspci... - L\n-0003fc80: 6973 7420 5043 4920 6465 7669 6365 732e ist PCI devices.\n-0003fc90: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986c 7373 616c . ... ...lssal\n-0003fca0: e280 9920 2d20 4469 7370 6c61 7920 5341 ... - Display SA\n-0003fcb0: 4c20 7379 7374 656d 2074 6162 6c65 2e0a L system table..\n-0003fcc0: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6c73 7370 64e2 ... ...lsspd.\n-0003fcd0: 8099 202d 2050 7269 6e74 204d 656d 6f72 .. - Print Memor\n-0003fce0: 7920 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e2e 0a20 y information.. \n-0003fcf0: 2020 e280 a220 e280 986d 6163 7070 6362 ... ...macppcb\n-0003fd00: 6c65 7373 e280 9920 2d20 426c 6573 7320 less... - Bless \n-0003fd10: 4449 5220 6f66 2048 4653 206f 7220 4846 DIR of HFS or HF\n-0003fd20: 532b 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 S+ partition for\n-0003fd30: 2050 5043 206d 6163 732e 0a20 2020 e280 PPC macs.. ..\n-0003fd40: a220 e280 986d 6163 7465 6c62 6c65 7373 . ...mactelbless\n-0003fd50: e280 9920 2d20 426c 6573 7320 4649 4c45 ... - Bless FILE\n-0003fd60: 206f 6620 4846 5320 6f72 2048 4653 2b20 of HFS or HFS+ \n-0003fd70: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 666f 7220 696e partition for in\n-0003fd80: 7465 6c20 6d61 6373 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 tel macs.. ...\n-0003fd90: 20e2 8098 6e65 745f 7365 745f 766c 616e ...net_set_vlan\n-0003fda0: e280 9920 2d20 5365 7420 616e 2069 6e74 ... - Set an int\n-0003fdb0: 6572 6661 6365 2773 2076 6c61 6e20 6964 erface's vlan id\n-0003fdc0: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6f75 7462 .. ... ...outb\n-0003fdd0: e280 9920 2d20 5772 6974 6520 382d 6269 ... - Write 8-bi\n-0003fde0: 7420 5641 4c55 4520 746f 2050 4f52 542e t VALUE to PORT.\n-0003fdf0: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986f 7574 6ce2 . ... ...outl.\n-0003fe00: 8099 202d 2057 7269 7465 2033 322d 6269 .. - Write 32-bi\n-0003fe10: 7420 5641 4c55 4520 746f 2050 4f52 542e t VALUE to PORT.\n-0003fe20: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986f 7574 77e2 . ... ...outw.\n-0003fe30: 8099 202d 2057 7269 7465 2031 362d 6269 .. - Write 16-bi\n-0003fe40: 7420 5641 4c55 4520 746f 2050 4f52 542e t VALUE to PORT.\n-0003fe50: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9870 6369 6475 . ... ...pcidu\n-0003fe60: 6d70 e280 9920 2d20 5368 6f77 2072 6177 mp... - Show raw\n-0003fe70: 2064 756d 7020 6f66 2074 6865 2050 4349 dump of the PCI\n-0003fe80: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2073 configuration s\n-0003fe90: 7061 6365 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 pace.. ... ...\n-0003fea0: 706e 6774 6573 74e2 8099 202d 2054 6573 pngtest... - Tes\n-0003feb0: 7473 206c 6f61 6469 6e67 206f 6620 504e ts loading of PN\n-0003fec0: 4720 6269 746d 6170 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 G bitmap.. ...\n-0003fed0: 20e2 8098 7265 6164 5f62 7974 65e2 8099 ...read_byte...\n-0003fee0: 202d 2052 6561 6420 382d 6269 7420 7661 - Read 8-bit va\n-0003fef0: 6c75 6520 6672 6f6d 2041 4444 522e 0a20 lue from ADDR.. \n-0003ff00: 2020 e280 a220 e280 9872 6561 645f 6477 ... ...read_dw\n-0003ff10: 6f72 64e2 8099 202d 2052 6561 6420 3332 ord... - Read 32\n-0003ff20: 2d62 6974 2076 616c 7565 2066 726f 6d20 -bit value from \n-0003ff30: 4144 4452 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 ADDR.. ... ...\n-0003ff40: 7265 6164 5f77 6f72 64e2 8099 202d 2052 read_word... - R\n-0003ff50: 6561 6420 3136 2d62 6974 2076 616c 7565 ead 16-bit value\n-0003ff60: 2066 726f 6d20 4144 4452 2e0a 2020 20e2 from ADDR.. .\n-0003ff70: 80a2 20e2 8098 7365 7470 6369 e280 9920 .. ...setpci... \n-0003ff80: 2d20 4d61 6e69 7075 6c61 7465 2050 4349 - Manipulate PCI\n-0003ff90: 2064 6576 6963 6573 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 devices.. ...\n-0003ffa0: 20e2 8098 7375 7370 656e 64e2 8099 202d ...suspend... -\n-0003ffb0: 2052 6574 7572 6e20 746f 2049 4545 4531 Return to IEEE1\n-0003ffc0: 3237 3520 7072 6f6d 7074 2e0a 2020 20e2 275 prompt.. .\n-0003ffd0: 80a2 20e2 8098 7379 736c 696e 7578 5f63 .. ...syslinux_c\n-0003ffe0: 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 65e2 8099 202d 2045 onfigfile... - E\n-0003fff0: 7865 6375 7465 2073 7973 6c69 6e75 7820 xecute syslinux \n-00040000: 636f 6e66 6967 2069 6e20 6e65 7720 636f config in new co\n-00040010: 6e74 6578 740a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 ntext. ... ...\n-00040020: 7379 736c 696e 7578 5f73 6f75 7263 65e2 syslinux_source.\n-00040030: 8099 202d 2045 7865 6375 7465 2073 7973 .. - Execute sys\n-00040040: 6c69 6e75 7820 636f 6e66 6967 2069 6e20 linux config in \n-00040050: 7361 6d65 2063 6f6e 7465 7874 0a20 2020 same context. \n-00040060: e280 a220 e280 9874 6573 745f 626c 6f63 ... ...test_bloc\n-00040070: 6b61 7267 e280 9920 2d20 5072 696e 7420 karg... - Print \n-00040080: 616e 6420 6578 6563 7574 6520 626c 6f63 and execute bloc\n-00040090: 6b20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 2e2c 2030 0a20 k argument., 0. \n-000400a0: 2020 e280 a220 e280 9874 6573 746c 6f61 ... ...testloa\n-000400b0: 64e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 7468 6520 d... - Load the \n-000400c0: 7361 6d65 2066 696c 6520 696e 206d 756c same file in mul\n-000400d0: 7469 706c 6520 7761 7973 2e0a 2020 20e2 tiple ways.. .\n-000400e0: 80a2 20e2 8098 7465 7374 7370 6565 64e2 .. ...testspeed.\n-000400f0: 8099 202d 2054 6573 7420 6669 6c65 2072 .. - Test file r\n-00040100: 6561 6420 7370 6565 642e 0a20 2020 e280 ead speed.. ..\n-00040110: a220 e280 9874 6761 7465 7374 e280 9920 . ...tgatest... \n-00040120: 2d20 5465 7374 7320 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 - Tests loading \n-00040130: 6f66 2054 4741 2062 6974 6d61 702e 0a20 of TGA bitmap.. \n-00040140: 2020 e280 a220 e280 9874 696d 65e2 8099 ... ...time...\n-00040150: 202d 204d 6561 7375 7265 2074 696d 6520 - Measure time \n-00040160: 7573 6564 2062 7920 434f 4d4d 414e 440a used by COMMAND.\n-00040170: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 7472 e280 9920 ... ...tr... \n-00040180: 2d20 5472 616e 736c 6174 6520 5345 5431 - Translate SET1\n-00040190: 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 7320 746f 2053 characters to S\n-000401a0: 4554 3220 696e 2053 5452 494e 472e 0a20 ET2 in STRING.. \n-000401b0: 2020 e280 a220 e280 9875 7362 e280 9920 ... ...usb... \n-000401c0: 2d20 5465 7374 2055 5342 2073 7570 706f - Test USB suppo\n-000401d0: 7274 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 7662 rt.. ... ...vb\n-000401e0: 6569 6e66 6fe2 8099 202d 204c 6973 7420 einfo... - List \n-000401f0: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 7669 6465 6f20 available video \n-00040200: 6d6f 6465 732e 2020 4966 2072 6573 6f6c modes. If resol\n-00040210: 7574 696f 6e20 6973 2067 6976 656e 0a20 ution is given. \n-00040220: 2020 2020 7368 6f77 206f 6e6c 7920 6d6f show only mo\n-00040230: 6465 7320 6d61 7463 6869 6e67 2069 742e des matching it.\n-00040240: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9876 6265 7465 . ... ...vbete\n-00040250: 7374 e280 9920 2d20 5465 7374 2076 6964 st... - Test vid\n-00040260: 656f 2073 7562 7379 7374 656d 2e0a 2020 eo subsystem.. \n-00040270: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 7669 6465 6f74 6573 ... ...videotes\n-00040280: 74e2 8099 202d 2054 6573 7420 7669 6465 t... - Test vide\n-00040290: 6f20 7375 6273 7973 7465 6d20 696e 206d o subsystem in m\n-000402a0: 6f64 6520 5778 482e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 ode WxH.. ... \n-000402b0: e280 9877 7269 7465 5f62 7974 65e2 8099 ...write_byte...\n-000402c0: 202d 2057 7269 7465 2038 2d62 6974 2056 - Write 8-bit V\n-000402d0: 414c 5545 2074 6f20 4144 4452 2e0a 2020 ALUE to ADDR.. \n-000402e0: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 7772 6974 655f 6477 ... ...write_dw\n-000402f0: 6f72 64e2 8099 202d 2057 7269 7465 2033 ord... - Write 3\n-00040300: 322d 6269 7420 5641 4c55 4520 746f 2041 2-bit VALUE to A\n-00040310: 4444 522e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9877 DDR.. ... ...w\n-00040320: 7269 7465 5f77 6f72 64e2 8099 202d 2057 rite_word... - W\n-00040330: 7269 7465 2031 362d 6269 7420 5641 4c55 rite 16-bit VALU\n-00040340: 4520 746f 2041 4444 522e 0a20 2020 e280 E to ADDR.. ..\n-00040350: a220 e280 9878 656e 5f63 6174 e280 9920 . ...xen_cat... \n-00040360: 2d20 4c69 7374 2058 656e 2073 746f 7261 - List Xen stora\n-00040370: 6765 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 7865 ge.. ... ...xe\n-00040380: 6e5f 6c73 e280 9920 2d20 4c69 7374 2058 n_ls... - List X\n-00040390: 656e 2073 746f 7261 6765 2e0a 2020 20e2 en storage.. .\n-000403a0: 80a2 20e2 8098 786e 755f 6465 7670 726f .. ...xnu_devpro\n-000403b0: 705f 6c6f 6164 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 p_load... - Load\n-000403c0: 2027 6465 7669 6365 2d70 726f 7065 7274 'device-propert\n-000403d0: 6965 7327 2064 756d 702e 0a20 2020 e280 ies' dump.. ..\n-000403e0: a220 e280 9878 6e75 5f75 7569 64e2 8099 . ...xnu_uuid...\n-000403f0: 202d 2054 7261 6e73 666f 726d 2036 342d - Transform 64-\n-00040400: 6269 7420 5555 4944 2074 6f20 666f 726d bit UUID to form\n-00040410: 6174 2073 7569 7461 626c 6520 666f 7220 at suitable for \n-00040420: 584e 552e 2049 660a 2020 2020 202d 6c20 XNU. If. -l \n-00040430: 6973 2067 6976 656e 206b 6565 7020 6974 is given keep it\n-00040440: 206c 6f77 6572 6361 7365 2061 7320 646f lowercase as do\n-00040450: 6e65 2062 7920 626c 6b69 642e 0a20 2020 ne by blkid.. \n-00040460: e280 a220 e280 987a 6673 2d62 6f6f 7466 ... ...zfs-bootf\n-00040470: 73e2 8099 202d 2050 7269 6e74 205a 4653 s... - Print ZFS\n-00040480: 2d42 4f4f 5446 534f 424a 206f 7220 7374 -BOOTFSOBJ or st\n-00040490: 6f72 6520 6974 2069 6e74 6f20 5641 5249 ore it into VARI\n-000404a0: 4142 4c45 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 987a ABLE. ... ...z\n-000404b0: 6673 696e 666f e280 9920 2d20 5072 696e fsinfo... - Prin\n-000404c0: 7420 5a46 5320 696e 666f 2061 626f 7574 t ZFS info about\n-000404d0: 2044 4556 4943 452e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 DEVICE.. ... \n-000404e0: e280 987a 6673 6b65 79e2 8099 202d 2049 ...zfskey... - I\n-000404f0: 6d70 6f72 7420 5a46 5320 7772 6170 7069 mport ZFS wrappi\n-00040500: 6e67 206b 6579 2073 746f 7265 6420 696e ng key stored in\n-00040510: 2046 494c 452e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 FILE.....File: \n-00040520: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-00040530: 3a20 496e 7465 726e 6174 696f 6e61 6c69 : Internationali\n-00040540: 7361 7469 6f6e 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2053 sation, Next: S\n-00040550: 6563 7572 6974 792c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 ecurity, Prev: \n-00040560: 436f 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 2055 703a 2054 Commands, Up: T\n-00040570: 6f70 0a0a 3138 2049 6e74 6572 6e61 7469 op..18 Internati\n-00040580: 6f6e 616c 6973 6174 696f 6e0a 2a2a 2a2a onalisation.****\n-00040590: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-000405a0: 2a2a 2a0a 0a31 382e 3120 4368 6172 7365 ***..18.1 Charse\n-000405b0: 740a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a t.============..\n-000405c0: 4752 5542 2075 7365 7320 5554 462d 3820 GRUB uses UTF-8 \n-000405d0: 696e 7465 726e 616c 6c79 206f 7468 6572 internally other\n-000405e0: 2074 6861 6e20 696e 2072 656e 6465 7269 than in renderi\n-000405f0: 6e67 2077 6865 7265 2073 6f6d 650a 4752 ng where some.GR\n-00040600: 5542 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 6170 7072 UB-specific appr\n-00040610: 6f70 7269 6174 6520 7265 7072 6573 656e opriate represen\n-00040620: 7461 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 7573 6564 2e20 tation is used. \n-00040630: 2041 6c6c 2074 6578 7420 6669 6c65 730a All text files.\n-00040640: 2869 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 2063 6f6e 6669 (including confi\n-00040650: 6729 2061 7265 2061 7373 756d 6564 2074 g) are assumed t\n-00040660: 6f20 6265 2065 6e63 6f64 6564 2069 6e20 o be encoded in \n-00040670: 5554 462d 382e 0a0a 3138 2e32 2046 696c UTF-8...18.2 Fil\n-00040680: 6573 7973 7465 6d73 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d esystems.=======\n-00040690: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a4e 5446 532c =========..NTFS,\n-000406a0: 204a 4653 2c20 5544 462c 2048 4653 2b2c JFS, UDF, HFS+,\n-000406b0: 2065 7846 4154 2c20 6c6f 6e67 2066 696c exFAT, long fil\n-000406c0: 656e 616d 6573 2069 6e20 4641 542c 204a enames in FAT, J\n-000406d0: 6f6c 6965 7420 7061 7274 206f 660a 4953 oliet part of.IS\n-000406e0: 4f39 3636 3020 6172 6520 7472 6561 7465 O9660 are treate\n-000406f0: 6420 6173 2055 5446 2d31 3620 6173 2070 d as UTF-16 as p\n-00040700: 6572 2073 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e er specification\n-00040710: 2e20 2041 4653 2061 6e64 2042 4653 2061 . AFS and BFS a\n-00040720: 7265 0a72 6561 6420 6173 2055 5446 2d38 re.read as UTF-8\n-00040730: 2c20 6167 6169 6e20 6163 636f 7264 696e , again accordin\n-00040740: 6720 746f 2073 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 g to specificati\n-00040750: 6f6e 2e20 2042 7472 4653 2c20 6370 696f on. BtrFS, cpio\n-00040760: 2c20 7461 722c 0a73 7175 6173 6834 2c20 , tar,.squash4, \n-00040770: 6d69 6e69 782c 206d 696e 6978 322c 206d minix, minix2, m\n-00040780: 696e 6978 332c 2052 4f4d 4653 2c20 5265 inix3, ROMFS, Re\n-00040790: 6973 6572 4653 2c20 5846 532c 2065 7874 iserFS, XFS, ext\n-000407a0: 322c 2065 7874 332c 2065 7874 342c 0a46 2, ext3, ext4,.F\n-000407b0: 4154 2028 7368 6f72 7420 6e61 6d65 7329 AT (short names)\n-000407c0: 2c20 4632 4653 2c20 526f 636b 5269 6467 , F2FS, RockRidg\n-000407d0: 6520 7061 7274 206f 6620 4953 4f39 3636 e part of ISO966\n-000407e0: 302c 206e 696c 6673 322c 2055 4653 312c 0, nilfs2, UFS1,\n-000407f0: 2055 4653 320a 616e 6420 5a46 5320 6172 UFS2.and ZFS ar\n-00040800: 6520 6173 7375 6d65 6420 746f 2062 6520 e assumed to be \n-00040810: 5554 462d 382e 2020 5468 6973 206d 6967 UTF-8. This mig\n-00040820: 6874 2062 6520 6661 6c73 6520 6f6e 2073 ht be false on s\n-00040830: 7973 7465 6d73 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 ystems.configure\n-00040840: 6420 7769 7468 206c 6567 6163 7920 6368 d with legacy ch\n-00040850: 6172 7365 7420 6275 7420 6173 206c 6f6e arset but as lon\n-00040860: 6720 6173 2074 6865 2063 6861 7273 6574 g as the charset\n-00040870: 2075 7365 6420 6973 0a73 7570 6572 7365 used is.superse\n-00040880: 7420 6f66 2041 5343 4949 2079 6f75 2073 t of ASCII you s\n-00040890: 686f 756c 6420 6265 2061 626c 6520 746f hould be able to\n-000408a0: 2061 6363 6573 7320 4153 4349 492d 6e61 access ASCII-na\n-000408b0: 6d65 6420 6669 6c65 732e 2020 416e 640a med files. 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GRUB also d\n-00041650: 6f65 736e 2774 2068 616e 646c 650a 736f oesn't handle.so\n-00041660: 2063 616c 6c65 6420 2261 6e6e 6f74 6174 called \"annotat\n-00041670: 696f 6e20 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 2220 ion characters\" \n-00041680: 4966 2079 6f75 2063 616e 2063 6f6d 706c If you can compl\n-00041690: 6574 6520 6569 7468 6572 206f 6620 7477 ete either of tw\n-000416a0: 6f0a 6c69 7374 7320 6f72 2c20 6265 7474 o.lists or, bett\n-000416b0: 6572 2c20 7072 6f70 6f73 6520 6120 7061 er, propose a pa\n-000416c0: 7463 6820 746f 2069 6d70 726f 7665 2072 tch to improve r\n-000416d0: 656e 6465 7269 6e67 2c20 706c 6561 7365 endering, please\n-000416e0: 2063 6f6e 7461 6374 0a64 6576 656c 6f70 contact.develop\n-000416f0: 6572 2074 6561 6d2e 0a0a 3138 2e34 2049 er team...18.4 I\n-00041700: 6e70 7574 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c0a 3d3d nput terminal.==\n-00041710: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00041720: 3d0a 0a46 6972 6d77 6172 6520 636f 6e73 =..Firmware cons\n-00041730: 6f6c 6520 6f6e 2042 494f 532c 2049 4545 ole on BIOS, IEE\n-00041740: 4531 3237 3520 616e 6420 4152 4320 646f E1275 and ARC do\n-00041750: 6573 6e27 7420 616c 6c6f 7720 796f 7520 esn't allow you \n-00041760: 746f 2065 6e74 6572 0a6e 6f6e 2d41 5343 to enter.non-ASC\n-00041770: 4949 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 732e 2020 II characters. \n-00041780: 4546 4920 7370 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f EFI specificatio\n-00041790: 6e20 616c 6c6f 7773 2066 6f72 2073 7563 n allows for suc\n-000417a0: 6820 6275 7420 6175 7468 6f72 2069 730a h but author is.\n-000417b0: 756e 6177 6172 6520 6f66 2061 6e79 2061 unaware of any a\n-000417c0: 6374 7561 6c20 696d 706c 656d 656e 7461 ctual implementa\n-000417d0: 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 5365 7269 616c 2069 tions. Serial i\n-000417e0: 6e70 7574 2069 7320 6375 7272 656e 746c nput is currentl\n-000417f0: 790a 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 666f 7220 6c61 y.limited for la\n-00041800: 7469 6e31 2028 756e 6c69 6b65 6c79 2074 tin1 (unlikely t\n-00041810: 6f20 6368 616e 6765 292e 2020 4f77 6e20 o change). Own \n-00041820: 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 2069 6d70 6c65 6d65 keyboard impleme\n-00041830: 6e74 6174 696f 6e73 0a28 6174 5f6b 6579 ntations.(at_key\n-00041840: 626f 6172 6420 616e 6420 7573 625f 6b65 board and usb_ke\n-00041850: 7962 6f61 7264 2920 7375 7070 6f72 7473 yboard) supports\n-00041860: 2061 6e79 206b 6579 2062 7574 2077 6f72 any key but wor\n-00041870: 6b20 6f6e 0a6f 6e65 2d63 6861 722d 7065 k on.one-char-pe\n-00041880: 722d 6b65 7973 7472 6f6b 652e 2020 536f r-keystroke. So\n-00041890: 206e 6f20 6465 6164 206b 6579 7320 6f72 no dead keys or\n-000418a0: 2061 6476 616e 6365 6420 696e 7075 7420 advanced input \n-000418b0: 6d65 7468 6f64 2e20 2041 6c73 6f0a 7468 method. Also.th\n-000418c0: 6572 6520 6973 206e 6f20 6b65 796d 6170 ere is no keymap\n-000418d0: 2063 6861 6e67 6520 686f 746b 6579 2e20 change hotkey. \n-000418e0: 2049 6e20 7072 6163 7469 6365 2069 7420 In practice it \n-000418f0: 6d61 6b65 7320 6469 6666 6963 756c 7420 makes difficult \n-00041900: 746f 0a65 6e74 6572 2061 6e79 2074 6578 to.enter any tex\n-00041910: 7420 7573 696e 6720 6e6f 6e2d 4c61 7469 t using non-Lati\n-00041920: 6e20 616c 7068 6162 6574 2e20 204d 6f72 n alphabet. 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Case-sensit\n-00041cf0: 6976 6520 6964 656e 7469 6669 6572 7320 ive identifiers \n-00041d00: 6172 6520 6d61 7463 6865 6420 6173 2072 are matched as r\n-00041d10: 6177 0a73 7472 696e 6773 2c20 6e6f 2063 aw.strings, no c\n-00041d20: 616e 6f6e 6963 616c 2065 7175 6976 616c anonical equival\n-00041d30: 656e 6365 2063 6865 636b 2069 7320 7065 ence check is pe\n-00041d40: 7266 6f72 6d65 642e 2020 4361 7365 2d69 rformed. Case-i\n-00041d50: 6e73 656e 7374 6976 650a 6964 656e 7469 nsenstive.identi\n-00041d60: 6669 6572 7320 6172 6520 6d61 7463 6865 fiers are matche\n-00041d70: 6420 6173 2052 4157 2062 7574 2061 6464 d as RAW but add\n-00041d80: 6974 696f 6e61 6c6c 7920 5b61 2d7a 5d20 itionally [a-z] \n-00041d90: 6973 2065 7175 6976 616c 656e 7420 746f is equivalent to\n-00041da0: 0a5b 412d 5a5d 2e20 4752 5542 2d64 6566 .[A-Z]. 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6d69 7420 7061 7463 6865 7320 6f72 0a69 mit patches or.i\n+0003f040: 6465 6173 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6d61 696c deas to the mail\n+0003f050: 696e 6720 6c69 7374 2e20 2054 6865 2066 ing list. The f\n+0003f060: 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2069 7320 6120 286d ollowing is a (m\n+0003f070: 6f73 7420 6c69 6b65 6c79 2069 6e63 6f6d ost likely incom\n+0003f080: 706c 6574 6529 0a6c 6973 7420 6f66 2075 plete).list of u\n+0003f090: 6e64 6f63 756d 656e 7465 6420 6f72 2070 ndocumented or p\n+0003f0a0: 6f6f 726c 7920 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6564 oorly documented\n+0003f0b0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 616e 6420 6e6f commands and no\n+0003f0c0: 7420 616c 6c20 6f66 2074 6865 6d0a 6172 t all of them.ar\n+0003f0d0: 6520 616c 6c6f 7765 6420 666f 7220 616c e allowed for al\n+0003f0e0: 6c20 706c 6174 666f 726d 732e 2020 5275 l platforms. Ru\n+0003f0f0: 6e6e 696e 6720 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e nning the comman\n+0003f100: 6420 6865 6c70 2066 726f 6d20 7769 7468 d help from with\n+0003f110: 696e 2074 6865 0a47 5255 4220 7368 656c in the.GRUB shel\n+0003f120: 6c20 6d61 7920 7072 6f76 6964 6520 6d6f l may provide mo\n+0003f130: 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 206f re information o\n+0003f140: 6e20 7061 7261 6d65 7465 7273 2061 6e64 n parameters and\n+0003f150: 2075 7361 6765 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 usage... ... \n+0003f160: e280 9861 6c6c 5f66 756e 6374 696f 6e61 ...all_functiona\n+0003f170: 6c5f 7465 7374 e280 9920 2d20 5275 6e20 l_test... - Run \n+0003f180: 616c 6c20 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 616c 2074 all functional t\n+0003f190: 6573 7473 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 ests.. ... ...\n+0003f1a0: 6261 636b 7472 6163 65e2 8099 202d 2050 backtrace... - P\n+0003f1b0: 7269 6e74 2062 6163 6b74 7261 6365 2e0a rint backtrace..\n+0003f1c0: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 626f 6f74 7469 ... ...bootti\n+0003f1d0: 6d65 e280 9920 2d20 5368 6f77 2062 6f6f me... - Show boo\n+0003f1e0: 7420 7469 6d65 2073 7461 7469 7374 6963 t time statistic\n+0003f1f0: 732e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9863 6163 s.. ... ...cac\n+0003f200: 6865 696e 666f e280 9920 2d20 4765 7420 heinfo... - Get \n+0003f210: 6469 736b 2063 6163 6865 2069 6e66 6f2e disk cache info.\n+0003f220: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9863 626d 656d . ... ...cbmem\n+0003f230: 63e2 8099 202d 2053 686f 7720 4342 4d45 c... - Show CBME\n+0003f240: 4d20 636f 6e73 6f6c 6520 636f 6e74 656e M console conten\n+0003f250: 742e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9863 6d6f t.. ... ...cmo\n+0003f260: 7373 6574 e280 9920 2d20 5365 7420 6269 sset... - Set bi\n+0003f270: 7420 6174 2042 5954 453a 4249 5420 696e t at BYTE:BIT in\n+0003f280: 2043 4d4f 532e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 CMOS.. ... ..\n+0003f290: 9863 6f72 6562 6f6f 745f 626f 6f74 7469 .coreboot_bootti\n+0003f2a0: 6d65 e280 9920 2d20 5368 6f77 2063 6f72 me... - Show cor\n+0003f2b0: 6562 6f6f 7420 626f 6f74 2074 696d 6520 eboot boot time \n+0003f2c0: 7374 6174 6973 7469 6373 2e0a 2020 20e2 statistics.. .\n+0003f2d0: 80a2 20e2 8098 6475 6d70 e280 9920 2d20 .. ...dump... - \n+0003f2e0: 5368 6f77 206d 656d 6f72 7920 636f 6e74 Show memory cont\n+0003f2f0: 656e 7473 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 ents.. ... ...\n+0003f300: 6566 6965 6d75 5f6c 6f61 6463 6f72 65e2 efiemu_loadcore.\n+0003f310: 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 616e 6420 696e .. - Load and in\n+0003f320: 6974 6961 6c69 7a65 2045 4649 2065 6d75 itialize EFI emu\n+0003f330: 6c61 746f 722e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 lator.. ... ..\n+0003f340: 9865 6669 656d 755f 7072 6570 6172 65e2 .efiemu_prepare.\n+0003f350: 8099 202d 2046 696e 616c 697a 6520 6c6f .. - Finalize lo\n+0003f360: 6164 696e 6720 6f66 2045 4649 2065 6d75 ading of EFI emu\n+0003f370: 6c61 746f 722e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 lator.. ... ..\n+0003f380: 9865 6669 656d 755f 756e 6c6f 6164 e280 .efiemu_unload..\n+0003f390: 9920 2d20 556e 6c6f 6164 2045 4649 2065 . - Unload EFI e\n+0003f3a0: 6d75 6c61 746f 722e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 mulator.. ... \n+0003f3b0: e280 9865 7869 74e2 8099 202d 2045 7869 ...exit... - Exi\n+0003f3c0: 7420 6672 6f6d 2047 5255 422e 0a20 2020 t from GRUB.. \n+0003f3d0: e280 a220 e280 9865 7874 7261 6374 5f65 ... ...extract_e\n+0003f3e0: 6e74 7269 6573 5f63 6f6e 6669 6766 696c ntries_configfil\n+0003f3f0: 65e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 616e 6f74 e... - Load anot\n+0003f400: 6865 7220 636f 6e66 6967 2066 696c 6520 her config file \n+0003f410: 6275 7420 7461 6b65 0a20 2020 2020 6f6e but take. on\n+0003f420: 6c79 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 732e ly menu entries.\n+0003f430: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9865 7874 7261 . ... ...extra\n+0003f440: 6374 5f65 6e74 7269 6573 5f73 6f75 7263 ct_entries_sourc\n+0003f450: 65e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 616e 6f74 e... - Load anot\n+0003f460: 6865 7220 636f 6e66 6967 2066 696c 6520 her config file \n+0003f470: 7769 7468 6f75 740a 2020 2020 2063 6861 without. cha\n+0003f480: 6e67 696e 6720 636f 6e74 6578 7420 6275 nging context bu\n+0003f490: 7420 7461 6b65 206f 6e6c 7920 6d65 6e75 t take only menu\n+0003f4a0: 2065 6e74 7269 6573 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 entries.. ...\n+0003f4b0: 20e2 8098 6578 7472 6163 745f 6c65 6761 ...extract_lega\n+0003f4c0: 6379 5f65 6e74 7269 6573 5f63 6f6e 6669 cy_entries_confi\n+0003f4d0: 6766 696c 65e2 8099 202d 2050 6172 7365 gfile... - Parse\n+0003f4e0: 206c 6567 6163 7920 636f 6e66 6967 2069 legacy config i\n+0003f4f0: 6e20 6e65 770a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 7465 n new. conte\n+0003f500: 7874 2074 616b 696e 6720 6f6e 6c79 206d xt taking only m\n+0003f510: 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 730a 2020 20e2 enu entries. .\n+0003f520: 80a2 20e2 8098 6578 7472 6163 745f 6c65 .. ...extract_le\n+0003f530: 6761 6379 5f65 6e74 7269 6573 5f73 6f75 gacy_entries_sou\n+0003f540: 7263 65e2 8099 202d 2050 6172 7365 206c rce... - Parse l\n+0003f550: 6567 6163 7920 636f 6e66 6967 2069 6e20 egacy config in \n+0003f560: 7361 6d65 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e74 6578 same. contex\n+0003f570: 7420 7461 6b69 6e67 206f 6e6c 7920 6d65 t taking only me\n+0003f580: 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 6573 0a20 2020 e280 nu entries. ..\n+0003f590: a220 e280 9865 7874 7261 6374 5f73 7973 . ...extract_sys\n+0003f5a0: 6c69 6e75 785f 656e 7472 6965 735f 636f linux_entries_co\n+0003f5b0: 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 e280 9920 2d20 4578 nfigfile... - Ex\n+0003f5c0: 6563 7574 6520 7379 736c 696e 7578 2063 ecute syslinux c\n+0003f5d0: 6f6e 6669 6720 696e 0a20 2020 2020 6e65 onfig in. ne\n+0003f5e0: 7720 636f 6e74 6578 7420 7461 6b69 6e67 w context taking\n+0003f5f0: 206f 6e6c 7920 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 only menu entri\n+0003f600: 6573 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9865 7874 es. ... ...ext\n+0003f610: 7261 6374 5f73 7973 6c69 6e75 785f 656e ract_syslinux_en\n+0003f620: 7472 6965 735f 736f 7572 6365 e280 9920 tries_source... \n+0003f630: 2d20 4578 6563 7574 6520 7379 736c 696e - Execute syslin\n+0003f640: 7578 2063 6f6e 6669 6720 696e 2073 616d ux config in sam\n+0003f650: 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 7465 7874 2074 e. context t\n+0003f660: 616b 696e 6720 6f6e 6c79 206d 656e 7520 aking only menu \n+0003f670: 656e 7472 6965 730a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 entries. ... .\n+0003f680: 8098 6661 6b65 6269 6f73 e280 9920 2d20 ..fakebios... - \n+0003f690: 4372 6561 7465 2042 494f 532d 6c69 6b65 Create BIOS-like\n+0003f6a0: 2073 7472 7563 7475 7265 7320 666f 7220 structures for \n+0003f6b0: 6261 636b 7761 7264 2063 6f6d 7061 7469 backward compati\n+0003f6c0: 6269 6c69 7479 0a20 2020 2020 7769 7468 bility. with\n+0003f6d0: 2065 7869 7374 696e 6720 4f53 2e0a 2020 existing OS.. \n+0003f6e0: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6669 6c65 e280 9920 ... ...file... \n+0003f6f0: 2d20 4368 6563 6b20 6966 2046 494c 4520 - Check if FILE \n+0003f700: 6973 206f 6620 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 is of specified \n+0003f710: 7479 7065 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 type.. ... ...\n+0003f720: 6669 785f 7669 6465 6fe2 8099 202d 2046 fix_video... - F\n+0003f730: 6978 2076 6964 656f 2070 726f 626c 656d ix video problem\n+0003f740: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6670 7377 .. ... ...fpsw\n+0003f750: 61e2 8099 202d 2044 6973 706c 6179 2046 a... - Display F\n+0003f760: 5053 5741 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2e0a 2020 PSWA version.. \n+0003f770: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e ... ...function\n+0003f780: 616c 5f74 6573 74e2 8099 202d 2052 756e al_test... - Run\n+0003f790: 2061 6c6c 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6675 6e63 all loaded func\n+0003f7a0: 7469 6f6e 616c 2074 6573 7473 2e0a 2020 tional tests.. \n+0003f7b0: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6764 6273 7475 625f ... ...gdbstub_\n+0003f7c0: 6272 6561 6be2 8099 202d 2042 7265 616b break... - Break\n+0003f7d0: 2069 6e74 6f20 4744 420a 2020 20e2 80a2 into GDB. ...\n+0003f7e0: 20e2 8098 6764 6273 7475 62e2 8099 202d ...gdbstub... -\n+0003f7f0: 2053 7461 7274 2047 4442 2073 7475 6220 Start GDB stub \n+0003f800: 6f6e 2067 6976 656e 2070 6f72 740a 2020 on given port. \n+0003f810: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6764 6273 7475 625f ... ...gdbstub_\n+0003f820: 7374 6f70 e280 9920 2d20 5374 6f70 2047 stop... - Stop G\n+0003f830: 4442 2073 7475 620a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 DB stub. ... .\n+0003f840: 8098 6864 7061 726d e280 9920 2d20 4765 ..hdparm... - Ge\n+0003f850: 742f 7365 7420 4154 4120 6469 736b 2070 t/set ATA disk p\n+0003f860: 6172 616d 6574 6572 732e 0a20 2020 e280 arameters.. ..\n+0003f870: a220 e280 9868 6578 6475 6d70 5f72 616e . ...hexdump_ran\n+0003f880: 646f 6de2 8099 202d 2048 6578 6475 6d70 dom... - Hexdump\n+0003f890: 2072 616e 646f 6d20 6461 7461 2e0a 2020 random data.. \n+0003f8a0: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 696e 62e2 8099 202d ... ...inb... -\n+0003f8b0: 2052 6561 6420 382d 6269 7420 7661 6c75 Read 8-bit valu\n+0003f8c0: 6520 6672 6f6d 2050 4f52 542e 0a20 2020 e from PORT.. \n+0003f8d0: e280 a220 e280 9869 6e6c e280 9920 2d20 ... ...inl... - \n+0003f8e0: 5265 6164 2033 322d 6269 7420 7661 6c75 Read 32-bit valu\n+0003f8f0: 6520 6672 6f6d 2050 4f52 542e 0a20 2020 e from PORT.. \n+0003f900: e280 a220 e280 9869 6e77 e280 9920 2d20 ... ...inw... - \n+0003f910: 5265 6164 2031 362d 6269 7420 7661 6c75 Read 16-bit valu\n+0003f920: 6520 6672 6f6d 2050 4f52 542e 0a20 2020 e from PORT.. \n+0003f930: e280 a220 e280 986a 7065 6774 6573 74e2 ... ...jpegtest.\n+0003f940: 8099 202d 2054 6573 7473 206c 6f61 6469 .. - Tests loadi\n+0003f950: 6e67 206f 6620 4a50 4547 2062 6974 6d61 ng of JPEG bitma\n+0003f960: 702e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986b 6579 p.. ... ...key\n+0003f970: 6d61 70e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 6120 map... - Load a \n+0003f980: 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 206c 6179 6f75 742e keyboard layout.\n+0003f990: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986c 6567 6163 . ... ...legac\n+0003f9a0: 795f 6368 6563 6b5f 7061 7373 776f 7264 y_check_password\n+0003f9b0: e280 9920 2d20 5369 6d75 6c61 7465 2067 ... - Simulate g\n+0003f9c0: 7275 622d 6c65 6761 6379 2027 7061 7373 rub-legacy 'pass\n+0003f9d0: 776f 7264 2720 636f 6d6d 616e 640a 2020 word' command. \n+0003f9e0: 2020 2069 6e20 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 in menu entry\n+0003f9f0: 206d 6f64 650a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 mode. ... ...\n+0003fa00: 6c65 6761 6379 5f63 6f6e 6669 6766 696c legacy_configfil\n+0003fa10: 65e2 8099 202d 2050 6172 7365 206c 6567 e... - Parse leg\n+0003fa20: 6163 7920 636f 6e66 6967 2069 6e20 6e65 acy config in ne\n+0003fa30: 7720 636f 6e74 6578 740a 2020 20e2 80a2 w context. ...\n+0003fa40: 20e2 8098 6c65 6761 6379 5f70 6173 7377 ...legacy_passw\n+0003fa50: 6f72 64e2 8099 202d 2053 696d 756c 6174 ord... - Simulat\n+0003fa60: 6520 6772 7562 2d6c 6567 6163 7920 2770 e grub-legacy 'p\n+0003fa70: 6173 7377 6f72 6427 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 assword' command\n+0003fa80: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986c 6567 6163 . ... ...legac\n+0003fa90: 795f 736f 7572 6365 e280 9920 2d20 5061 y_source... - Pa\n+0003faa0: 7273 6520 6c65 6761 6379 2063 6f6e 6669 rse legacy confi\n+0003fab0: 6720 696e 2073 616d 6520 636f 6e74 6578 g in same contex\n+0003fac0: 740a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6c6f 6164 t. ... ...load\n+0003fad0: 6269 6f73 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2042 bios... - Load B\n+0003fae0: 494f 5320 6475 6d70 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 IOS dump.. ...\n+0003faf0: 20e2 8098 6c73 6163 7069 e280 9920 2d20 ...lsacpi... - \n+0003fb00: 5368 6f77 2041 4350 4920 696e 666f 726d Show ACPI inform\n+0003fb10: 6174 696f 6e2e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 ation.. ... ..\n+0003fb20: 986c 7361 706d e280 9920 2d20 5368 6f77 .lsapm... - Show\n+0003fb30: 2041 504d 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e APM information\n+0003fb40: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6c73 636f .. ... ...lsco\n+0003fb50: 7265 626f 6f74 e280 9920 2d20 4c69 7374 reboot... - List\n+0003fb60: 2063 6f72 6562 6f6f 7420 7461 626c 6573 coreboot tables\n+0003fb70: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6c73 6465 .. ... ...lsde\n+0003fb80: 76e2 8099 202d 204c 6973 7420 6465 7669 v... - List devi\n+0003fb90: 6365 732e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986c ces.. ... ...l\n+0003fba0: 7365 6669 e280 9920 2d20 4469 7370 6c61 sefi... - Displa\n+0003fbb0: 7920 4546 4920 6861 6e64 6c65 732e 0a20 y EFI handles.. \n+0003fbc0: 2020 e280 a220 e280 986c 7365 6669 6d6d ... ...lsefimm\n+0003fbd0: 6170 e280 9920 2d20 4469 7370 6c61 7920 ap... - Display \n+0003fbe0: 4546 4920 6d65 6d6f 7279 206d 6170 2e0a EFI memory map..\n+0003fbf0: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6c73 6566 6973 ... ...lsefis\n+0003fc00: 7973 7461 62e2 8099 202d 2044 6973 706c ystab... - Displ\n+0003fc10: 6179 2045 4649 2073 7973 7465 6d20 7461 ay EFI system ta\n+0003fc20: 626c 6573 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 bles.. ... ...\n+0003fc30: 6c73 6d6d 6170 e280 9920 2d20 4c69 7374 lsmmap... - List\n+0003fc40: 206d 656d 6f72 7920 6d61 7020 7072 6f76 memory map prov\n+0003fc50: 6964 6564 2062 7920 6669 726d 7761 7265 ided by firmware\n+0003fc60: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6c73 7063 .. ... ...lspc\n+0003fc70: 69e2 8099 202d 204c 6973 7420 5043 4920 i... - List PCI \n+0003fc80: 6465 7669 6365 732e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 devices.. ... \n+0003fc90: e280 986c 7373 616c e280 9920 2d20 4469 ...lssal... - Di\n+0003fca0: 7370 6c61 7920 5341 4c20 7379 7374 656d splay SAL system\n+0003fcb0: 2074 6162 6c65 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 table.. ... .\n+0003fcc0: 8098 6c73 7370 64e2 8099 202d 2050 7269 ..lsspd... - Pri\n+0003fcd0: 6e74 204d 656d 6f72 7920 696e 666f 726d nt Memory inform\n+0003fce0: 6174 696f 6e2e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 ation.. ... ..\n+0003fcf0: 986d 6163 7070 6362 6c65 7373 e280 9920 .macppcbless... \n+0003fd00: 2d20 426c 6573 7320 4449 5220 6f66 2048 - Bless DIR of H\n+0003fd10: 4653 206f 7220 4846 532b 2070 6172 7469 FS or HFS+ parti\n+0003fd20: 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 2050 5043 206d 6163 tion for PPC mac\n+0003fd30: 732e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986d 6163 s.. ... ...mac\n+0003fd40: 7465 6c62 6c65 7373 e280 9920 2d20 426c telbless... - Bl\n+0003fd50: 6573 7320 4649 4c45 206f 6620 4846 5320 ess FILE of HFS \n+0003fd60: 6f72 2048 4653 2b20 7061 7274 6974 696f or HFS+ partitio\n+0003fd70: 6e20 666f 7220 696e 7465 6c20 6d61 6373 n for intel macs\n+0003fd80: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6e65 745f .. ... ...net_\n+0003fd90: 7365 745f 766c 616e e280 9920 2d20 5365 set_vlan... - Se\n+0003fda0: 7420 616e 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2773 t an interface's\n+0003fdb0: 2076 6c61 6e20 6964 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 vlan id.. ...\n+0003fdc0: 20e2 8098 6f75 7462 e280 9920 2d20 5772 ...outb... - Wr\n+0003fdd0: 6974 6520 382d 6269 7420 5641 4c55 4520 ite 8-bit VALUE \n+0003fde0: 746f 2050 4f52 542e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 to PORT.. ... \n+0003fdf0: e280 986f 7574 6ce2 8099 202d 2057 7269 ...outl... - Wri\n+0003fe00: 7465 2033 322d 6269 7420 5641 4c55 4520 te 32-bit VALUE \n+0003fe10: 746f 2050 4f52 542e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 to PORT.. ... \n+0003fe20: e280 986f 7574 77e2 8099 202d 2057 7269 ...outw... - Wri\n+0003fe30: 7465 2031 362d 6269 7420 5641 4c55 4520 te 16-bit VALUE \n+0003fe40: 746f 2050 4f52 542e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 to PORT.. ... \n+0003fe50: e280 9870 6369 6475 6d70 e280 9920 2d20 ...pcidump... - \n+0003fe60: 5368 6f77 2072 6177 2064 756d 7020 6f66 Show raw dump of\n+0003fe70: 2074 6865 2050 4349 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 the PCI configu\n+0003fe80: 7261 7469 6f6e 2073 7061 6365 2e0a 2020 ration space.. \n+0003fe90: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 706e 6774 6573 74e2 ... ...pngtest.\n+0003fea0: 8099 202d 2054 6573 7473 206c 6f61 6469 .. - Tests loadi\n+0003feb0: 6e67 206f 6620 504e 4720 6269 746d 6170 ng of PNG bitmap\n+0003fec0: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 7265 6164 .. ... ...read\n+0003fed0: 5f62 7974 65e2 8099 202d 2052 6561 6420 _byte... - Read \n+0003fee0: 382d 6269 7420 7661 6c75 6520 6672 6f6d 8-bit value from\n+0003fef0: 2041 4444 522e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 ADDR.. ... ..\n+0003ff00: 9872 6561 645f 6477 6f72 64e2 8099 202d .read_dword... -\n+0003ff10: 2052 6561 6420 3332 2d62 6974 2076 616c Read 32-bit val\n+0003ff20: 7565 2066 726f 6d20 4144 4452 2e0a 2020 ue from ADDR.. \n+0003ff30: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 7265 6164 5f77 6f72 ... ...read_wor\n+0003ff40: 64e2 8099 202d 2052 6561 6420 3136 2d62 d... - Read 16-b\n+0003ff50: 6974 2076 616c 7565 2066 726f 6d20 4144 it value from AD\n+0003ff60: 4452 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 7365 DR.. ... ...se\n+0003ff70: 7470 6369 e280 9920 2d20 4d61 6e69 7075 tpci... - Manipu\n+0003ff80: 6c61 7465 2050 4349 2064 6576 6963 6573 late PCI devices\n+0003ff90: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 7375 7370 .. ... ...susp\n+0003ffa0: 656e 64e2 8099 202d 2052 6574 7572 6e20 end... - Return \n+0003ffb0: 746f 2049 4545 4531 3237 3520 7072 6f6d to IEEE1275 prom\n+0003ffc0: 7074 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 7379 pt.. ... ...sy\n+0003ffd0: 736c 696e 7578 5f63 6f6e 6669 6766 696c slinux_configfil\n+0003ffe0: 65e2 8099 202d 2045 7865 6375 7465 2073 e... - Execute s\n+0003fff0: 7973 6c69 6e75 7820 636f 6e66 6967 2069 yslinux config i\n+00040000: 6e20 6e65 7720 636f 6e74 6578 740a 2020 n new context. \n+00040010: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 7379 736c 696e 7578 ... ...syslinux\n+00040020: 5f73 6f75 7263 65e2 8099 202d 2045 7865 _source... - Exe\n+00040030: 6375 7465 2073 7973 6c69 6e75 7820 636f cute syslinux co\n+00040040: 6e66 6967 2069 6e20 7361 6d65 2063 6f6e nfig in same con\n+00040050: 7465 7874 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9874 text. ... ...t\n+00040060: 6573 745f 626c 6f63 6b61 7267 e280 9920 est_blockarg... \n+00040070: 2d20 5072 696e 7420 616e 6420 6578 6563 - Print and exec\n+00040080: 7574 6520 626c 6f63 6b20 6172 6775 6d65 ute block argume\n+00040090: 6e74 2e2c 2030 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 nt., 0. ... ..\n+000400a0: 9874 6573 746c 6f61 64e2 8099 202d 204c .testload... - L\n+000400b0: 6f61 6420 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2066 696c oad the same fil\n+000400c0: 6520 696e 206d 756c 7469 706c 6520 7761 e in multiple wa\n+000400d0: 7973 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 7465 ys.. ... ...te\n+000400e0: 7374 7370 6565 64e2 8099 202d 2054 6573 stspeed... - Tes\n+000400f0: 7420 6669 6c65 2072 6561 6420 7370 6565 t file read spee\n+00040100: 642e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9874 6761 d.. ... ...tga\n+00040110: 7465 7374 e280 9920 2d20 5465 7374 7320 test... - Tests \n+00040120: 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 6f66 2054 4741 2062 loading of TGA b\n+00040130: 6974 6d61 702e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 itmap.. ... ..\n+00040140: 9874 696d 65e2 8099 202d 204d 6561 7375 .time... - Measu\n+00040150: 7265 2074 696d 6520 7573 6564 2062 7920 re time used by \n+00040160: 434f 4d4d 414e 440a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 COMMAND. ... .\n+00040170: 8098 7472 e280 9920 2d20 5472 616e 736c ..tr... - Transl\n+00040180: 6174 6520 5345 5431 2063 6861 7261 6374 ate SET1 charact\n+00040190: 6572 7320 746f 2053 4554 3220 696e 2053 ers to SET2 in S\n+000401a0: 5452 494e 472e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 TRING.. ... ..\n+000401b0: 9875 7362 e280 9920 2d20 5465 7374 2055 .usb... - Test U\n+000401c0: 5342 2073 7570 706f 7274 2e0a 2020 20e2 SB support.. .\n+000401d0: 80a2 20e2 8098 7662 6569 6e66 6fe2 8099 .. ...vbeinfo...\n+000401e0: 202d 204c 6973 7420 6176 6169 6c61 626c - List availabl\n+000401f0: 6520 7669 6465 6f20 6d6f 6465 732e 2020 e video modes. \n+00040200: 4966 2072 6573 6f6c 7574 696f 6e20 6973 If resolution is\n+00040210: 2067 6976 656e 0a20 2020 2020 7368 6f77 given. show\n+00040220: 206f 6e6c 7920 6d6f 6465 7320 6d61 7463 only modes matc\n+00040230: 6869 6e67 2069 742e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 hing it.. ... \n+00040240: e280 9876 6265 7465 7374 e280 9920 2d20 ...vbetest... - \n+00040250: 5465 7374 2076 6964 656f 2073 7562 7379 Test video subsy\n+00040260: 7374 656d 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 stem.. ... ...\n+00040270: 7669 6465 6f74 6573 74e2 8099 202d 2054 videotest... - T\n+00040280: 6573 7420 7669 6465 6f20 7375 6273 7973 est video subsys\n+00040290: 7465 6d20 696e 206d 6f64 6520 5778 482e tem in mode WxH.\n+000402a0: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9877 7269 7465 . ... ...write\n+000402b0: 5f62 7974 65e2 8099 202d 2057 7269 7465 _byte... - Write\n+000402c0: 2038 2d62 6974 2056 414c 5545 2074 6f20 8-bit VALUE to \n+000402d0: 4144 4452 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 ADDR.. ... ...\n+000402e0: 7772 6974 655f 6477 6f72 64e2 8099 202d write_dword... -\n+000402f0: 2057 7269 7465 2033 322d 6269 7420 5641 Write 32-bit VA\n+00040300: 4c55 4520 746f 2041 4444 522e 0a20 2020 LUE to ADDR.. \n+00040310: e280 a220 e280 9877 7269 7465 5f77 6f72 ... ...write_wor\n+00040320: 64e2 8099 202d 2057 7269 7465 2031 362d d... - Write 16-\n+00040330: 6269 7420 5641 4c55 4520 746f 2041 4444 bit VALUE to ADD\n+00040340: 522e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9878 656e R.. ... ...xen\n+00040350: 5f63 6174 e280 9920 2d20 4c69 7374 2058 _cat... - List X\n+00040360: 656e 2073 746f 7261 6765 2e0a 2020 20e2 en storage.. .\n+00040370: 80a2 20e2 8098 7865 6e5f 6c73 e280 9920 .. ...xen_ls... \n+00040380: 2d20 4c69 7374 2058 656e 2073 746f 7261 - List Xen stora\n+00040390: 6765 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 786e ge.. ... ...xn\n+000403a0: 755f 6465 7670 726f 705f 6c6f 6164 e280 u_devprop_load..\n+000403b0: 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2027 6465 7669 6365 . - Load 'device\n+000403c0: 2d70 726f 7065 7274 6965 7327 2064 756d -properties' dum\n+000403d0: 702e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9878 6e75 p.. ... ...xnu\n+000403e0: 5f75 7569 64e2 8099 202d 2054 7261 6e73 _uuid... - Trans\n+000403f0: 666f 726d 2036 342d 6269 7420 5555 4944 form 64-bit UUID\n+00040400: 2074 6f20 666f 726d 6174 2073 7569 7461 to format suita\n+00040410: 626c 6520 666f 7220 584e 552e 2049 660a ble for XNU. If.\n+00040420: 2020 2020 202d 6c20 6973 2067 6976 656e -l is given\n+00040430: 206b 6565 7020 6974 206c 6f77 6572 6361 keep it lowerca\n+00040440: 7365 2061 7320 646f 6e65 2062 7920 626c se as done by bl\n+00040450: 6b69 642e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 987a kid.. ... ...z\n+00040460: 6673 2d62 6f6f 7466 73e2 8099 202d 2050 fs-bootfs... - P\n+00040470: 7269 6e74 205a 4653 2d42 4f4f 5446 534f rint ZFS-BOOTFSO\n+00040480: 424a 206f 7220 7374 6f72 6520 6974 2069 BJ or store it i\n+00040490: 6e74 6f20 5641 5249 4142 4c45 0a20 2020 nto VARIABLE. \n+000404a0: e280 a220 e280 987a 6673 696e 666f e280 ... ...zfsinfo..\n+000404b0: 9920 2d20 5072 696e 7420 5a46 5320 696e . - Print ZFS in\n+000404c0: 666f 2061 626f 7574 2044 4556 4943 452e fo about DEVICE.\n+000404d0: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 987a 6673 6b65 . ... ...zfske\n+000404e0: 79e2 8099 202d 2049 6d70 6f72 7420 5a46 y... - Import ZF\n+000404f0: 5320 7772 6170 7069 6e67 206b 6579 2073 S wrapping key s\n+00040500: 746f 7265 6420 696e 2046 494c 452e 0a0a tored in FILE...\n+00040510: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+00040520: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e 7465 726e o, Node: Intern\n+00040530: 6174 696f 6e61 6c69 7361 7469 6f6e 2c20 ationalisation, \n+00040540: 204e 6578 743a 2053 6563 7572 6974 792c Next: Security,\n+00040550: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 6473 Prev: Commands\n+00040560: 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 3138 2049 , Up: Top..18 I\n+00040570: 6e74 6572 6e61 7469 6f6e 616c 6973 6174 nternationalisat\n+00040580: 696f 6e0a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ion.************\n+00040590: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a31 382e ***********..18.\n+000405a0: 3120 4368 6172 7365 740a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 1 Charset.======\n+000405b0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4752 5542 2075 7365 ======..GRUB use\n+000405c0: 7320 5554 462d 3820 696e 7465 726e 616c s UTF-8 internal\n+000405d0: 6c79 206f 7468 6572 2074 6861 6e20 696e ly other than in\n+000405e0: 2072 656e 6465 7269 6e67 2077 6865 7265 rendering where\n+000405f0: 2073 6f6d 650a 4752 5542 2d73 7065 6369 some.GRUB-speci\n+00040600: 6669 6320 6170 7072 6f70 7269 6174 6520 fic appropriate \n+00040610: 7265 7072 6573 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 2069 representation i\n+00040620: 7320 7573 6564 2e20 2041 6c6c 2074 6578 s used. All tex\n+00040630: 7420 6669 6c65 730a 2869 6e63 6c75 6469 t files.(includi\n+00040640: 6e67 2063 6f6e 6669 6729 2061 7265 2061 ng config) are a\n+00040650: 7373 756d 6564 2074 6f20 6265 2065 6e63 ssumed to be enc\n+00040660: 6f64 6564 2069 6e20 5554 462d 382e 0a0a oded in UTF-8...\n+00040670: 3138 2e32 2046 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d73 18.2 Filesystems\n+00040680: 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d .===============\n+00040690: 3d0a 0a4e 5446 532c 204a 4653 2c20 5544 =..NTFS, JFS, UD\n+000406a0: 462c 2048 4653 2b2c 2065 7846 4154 2c20 F, HFS+, exFAT, \n+000406b0: 6c6f 6e67 2066 696c 656e 616d 6573 2069 long filenames i\n+000406c0: 6e20 4641 542c 204a 6f6c 6965 7420 7061 n FAT, Joliet pa\n+000406d0: 7274 206f 660a 4953 4f39 3636 3020 6172 rt of.ISO9660 ar\n+000406e0: 6520 7472 6561 7465 6420 6173 2055 5446 e treated as UTF\n+000406f0: 2d31 3620 6173 2070 6572 2073 7065 6369 -16 as per speci\n+00040700: 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2e20 2041 4653 2061 fication. AFS a\n+00040710: 6e64 2042 4653 2061 7265 0a72 6561 6420 nd BFS are.read \n+00040720: 6173 2055 5446 2d38 2c20 6167 6169 6e20 as UTF-8, again \n+00040730: 6163 636f 7264 696e 6720 746f 2073 7065 according to spe\n+00040740: 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2e20 2042 7472 cification. Btr\n+00040750: 4653 2c20 6370 696f 2c20 7461 722c 0a73 FS, cpio, tar,.s\n+00040760: 7175 6173 6834 2c20 6d69 6e69 782c 206d quash4, minix, m\n+00040770: 696e 6978 322c 206d 696e 6978 332c 2052 inix2, minix3, R\n+00040780: 4f4d 4653 2c20 5265 6973 6572 4653 2c20 OMFS, ReiserFS, \n+00040790: 5846 532c 2065 7874 322c 2065 7874 332c XFS, ext2, ext3,\n+000407a0: 2065 7874 342c 0a46 4154 2028 7368 6f72 ext4,.FAT (shor\n+000407b0: 7420 6e61 6d65 7329 2c20 4632 4653 2c20 t names), F2FS, \n+000407c0: 526f 636b 5269 6467 6520 7061 7274 206f RockRidge part o\n+000407d0: 6620 4953 4f39 3636 302c 206e 696c 6673 f ISO9660, nilfs\n+000407e0: 322c 2055 4653 312c 2055 4653 320a 616e 2, UFS1, UFS2.an\n+000407f0: 6420 5a46 5320 6172 6520 6173 7375 6d65 d ZFS are assume\n+00040800: 6420 746f 2062 6520 5554 462d 382e 2020 d to be UTF-8. \n+00040810: 5468 6973 206d 6967 6874 2062 6520 6661 This might be fa\n+00040820: 6c73 6520 6f6e 2073 7973 7465 6d73 0a63 lse on systems.c\n+00040830: 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 6420 7769 7468 206c onfigured with l\n+00040840: 6567 6163 7920 6368 6172 7365 7420 6275 egacy charset bu\n+00040850: 7420 6173 206c 6f6e 6720 6173 2074 6865 t as long as the\n+00040860: 2063 6861 7273 6574 2075 7365 6420 6973 charset used is\n+00040870: 0a73 7570 6572 7365 7420 6f66 2041 5343 .superset of ASC\n+00040880: 4949 2079 6f75 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 II you should be\n+00040890: 2061 626c 6520 746f 2061 6363 6573 7320 able to access \n+000408a0: 4153 4349 492d 6e61 6d65 6420 6669 6c65 ASCII-named file\n+000408b0: 732e 2020 416e 640a 6974 2773 2072 6563 s. And.it's rec\n+000408c0: 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6564 2074 6f20 636f 6e66 ommended to conf\n+000408d0: 6967 7572 6520 796f 7572 2073 7973 7465 igure your syste\n+000408e0: 6d20 746f 2075 7365 2055 5446 2d38 2074 m to use UTF-8 t\n+000408f0: 6f20 6163 6365 7373 2074 6865 0a66 696c o access the.fil\n+00040900: 6573 7973 7465 6d2c 2063 6f6e 766d 7620 esystem, convmv \n+00040910: 6d61 7920 6865 6c70 2077 6974 6820 6d69 may help with mi\n+00040920: 6772 6174 696f 6e2e 2020 4953 4f39 3636 gration. ISO966\n+00040930: 3020 2870 6c61 696e 2920 6669 6c65 6e61 0 (plain) filena\n+00040940: 6d65 730a 6172 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 mes.are specifie\n+00040950: 6420 6173 2062 6569 6e67 2041 5343 4949 d as being ASCII\n+00040960: 206f 7220 6265 696e 6720 6465 7363 7269 or being descri\n+00040970: 6265 6420 7769 7468 2075 6e73 7065 6369 bed with unspeci\n+00040980: 6669 6564 2065 7363 6170 650a 7365 7175 fied escape.sequ\n+00040990: 656e 6365 732e 2020 4752 5542 2061 7373 ences. GRUB ass\n+000409a0: 756d 6573 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 4953 umes that the IS\n+000409b0: 4f39 3636 3020 6e61 6d65 7320 6172 6520 O9660 names are \n+000409c0: 5554 462d 3820 2873 696e 6365 2061 6e79 UTF-8 (since any\n+000409d0: 0a41 5343 4949 2069 7320 7661 6c69 6420 .ASCII is valid \n+000409e0: 5554 462d 3829 2e20 2054 6865 7265 2061 UTF-8). There a\n+000409f0: 7265 2073 6f6d 6520 6f6c 6420 4344 2d52 re some old CD-R\n+00040a00: 4f4d 7320 7768 6963 6820 7573 6520 4350 OMs which use CP\n+00040a10: 3433 3720 696e 0a6e 6f6e 2d63 6f6d 706c 437 in.non-compl\n+00040a20: 6961 6e74 2077 6179 2e20 2059 6f75 2772 iant way. You'r\n+00040a30: 6520 7374 696c 6c20 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 e still able to \n+00040a40: 6163 6365 7373 2066 696c 6573 2077 6974 access files wit\n+00040a50: 6820 6e61 6d65 730a 636f 6e74 6169 6e69 h names.containi\n+00040a60: 6e67 206f 6e6c 7920 4153 4349 4920 6368 ng only ASCII ch\n+00040a70: 6172 6163 7465 7273 206f 6e20 7375 6368 aracters on such\n+00040a80: 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d73 2074 686f filesystems tho\n+00040a90: 7567 682e 2020 596f 7527 7265 0a61 6c73 ugh. 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M\n+00041a90: 6f72 656f 7665 7220 7468 6520 636c 6173 oreover the clas\n+00041aa0: 7365 7320 6c69 6b65 0a5b 3a61 6c70 6861 ses like.[:alpha\n+00041ab0: 3a5d 206d 6174 6368 206f 6e6c 7920 4153 :] match only AS\n+00041ac0: 4349 4920 7375 6273 6574 2e0a 0a31 382e CII subset...18.\n+00041ad0: 3720 4f74 6865 720a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 7 Other.========\n+00041ae0: 3d3d 0a0a 4375 7272 656e 746c 7920 4752 ==..Currently GR\n+00041af0: 5542 2061 6c77 6179 7320 7573 6573 2059 UB always uses Y\n+00041b00: 4541 522d 4d4f 4e54 482d 4441 5920 484f EAR-MONTH-DAY HO\n+00041b10: 5552 3a4d 494e 5554 453a 5345 434f 4e44 UR:MINUTE:SECOND\n+00041b20: 205b 5745 454b 4441 595d 0a32 342d 686f [WEEKDAY].24-ho\n+00041b30: 7572 2064 6174 6574 696d 6520 666f 726d ur datetime form\n+00041b40: 6174 2062 7574 2077 6565 6b64 6179 7320 at but weekdays \n+00041b50: 6172 6520 7472 616e 736c 6174 6564 2e20 are translated. \n+00041b60: 2047 5255 4220 616c 7761 7973 2075 7365 GRUB always use\n+00041b70: 730a 7468 6520 6465 6369 6d61 6c20 6e75 s.the decimal nu\n+00041b80: 6d62 6572 2066 6f72 6d61 7420 7769 7468 mber format with\n+00041b90: 205b 302d 395d 2061 7320 6469 6769 7473 [0-9] as digits\n+00041ba0: 2061 6e64 202e 2020 6173 2064 6573 6369 and . as desci\n+00041bb0: 6d61 6c0a 7365 7061 7261 746f 7220 616e mal.separator an\n+00041bc0: 6420 6e6f 2067 726f 7570 2073 6570 6172 d no group separ\n+00041bd0: 6174 6f72 2e20 2049 4545 4531 3237 3520 ator. 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Cas\n+00041ce0: 652d 7365 6e73 6974 6976 6520 6964 656e e-sensitive iden\n+00041cf0: 7469 6669 6572 7320 6172 6520 6d61 7463 tifiers are matc\n+00041d00: 6865 6420 6173 2072 6177 0a73 7472 696e hed as raw.strin\n+00041d10: 6773 2c20 6e6f 2063 616e 6f6e 6963 616c gs, no canonical\n+00041d20: 2065 7175 6976 616c 656e 6365 2063 6865 equivalence che\n+00041d30: 636b 2069 7320 7065 7266 6f72 6d65 642e ck is performed.\n+00041d40: 2020 4361 7365 2d69 6e73 656e 7374 6976 Case-insenstiv\n+00041d50: 650a 6964 656e 7469 6669 6572 7320 6172 e.identifiers ar\n+00041d60: 6520 6d61 7463 6865 6420 6173 2052 4157 e matched as RAW\n+00041d70: 2062 7574 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c6c but additionall\n+00041d80: 7920 5b61 2d7a 5d20 6973 2065 7175 6976 y [a-z] is equiv\n+00041d90: 616c 656e 7420 746f 0a5b 412d 5a5d 2e20 alent to.[A-Z]. \n+00041da0: 4752 5542 2d64 6566 696e 6564 2069 6465 GRUB-defined ide\n+00041db0: 6e74 6966 6965 7273 2075 7365 206f 6e6c ntifiers use onl\n+00041dc0: 7920 4153 4349 4920 616e 6420 736f 2073 y ASCII and so s\n+00041dd0: 686f 756c 640a 7573 6572 2d64 6566 696e hould.user-defin\n+00041de0: 6564 206f 6e65 732e 2020 4964 656e 7469 ed ones. Identi\n+00041df0: 6669 6572 7320 636f 6e74 6169 6e69 6e67 fiers containing\n+00041e00: 206e 6f6e 2d41 5343 4949 206d 6179 2077 non-ASCII may w\n+00041e10: 6f72 6b20 6275 7420 6172 656e 2774 0a73 ork but aren't.s\n+00041e20: 7570 706f 7274 6564 2e20 204f 6e6c 7920 upported. Only \n+00041e30: 7468 6520 4153 4349 4920 7370 6163 6520 the ASCII space \n+00041e40: 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 2028 7370 6163 characters (spac\n+00041e50: 6520 552b 3030 3230 2c20 7461 6220 552b e U+0020, tab U+\n+00041e60: 3030 3062 2c0a 4352 2055 2b30 3030 6420 000b,.CR U+000d \n+00041e70: 616e 6420 4c46 2055 2b30 3030 6129 2061 and LF U+000a) a\n+00041e80: 7265 2072 6563 6f67 6e69 7365 642e 2020 re recognised. \n+00041e90: 4f74 6865 7220 756e 6963 6f64 6520 7370 Other unicode sp\n+00041ea0: 6163 6520 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 0a61 ace characters.a\n+00041eb0: 7265 6e27 7420 6120 7661 6c69 6420 6669 ren't a valid fi\n+00041ec0: 656c 6420 7365 7061 7261 746f 722e 2020 eld separator. \n+00041ed0: e280 9874 6573 74e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 ...test... (*not\n+00041ee0: 6520 7465 7374 3a3a 2920 7465 7374 7320 e test::) tests \n+00041ef0: 3c2c 203e 2c20 3c3d 2c0a 3e3d 2c20 2d70 <, >, <=,.>=, -p\n+00041f00: 6774 2061 6e64 202d 706c 7420 636f 6d70 gt and -plt comp\n+00041f10: 6172 6520 7468 6520 7374 7269 6e67 7320 are the strings \n+00041f20: 696e 2074 6865 206c 6578 6963 6f67 7261 in the lexicogra\n+00041f30: 7068 6963 616c 206f 7264 6572 206f 660a phical order of.\n+00041f40: 756e 6963 6f64 6520 636f 6465 706f 696e unicode codepoin\n+00041f50: 7473 2c20 7265 706c 6963 6174 696e 6720 ts, replicating \n+00041f60: 7468 6520 6265 6861 7669 6f75 7220 6f66 the behaviour of\n+00041f70: 2074 6573 7420 6672 6f6d 2063 6f72 6575 test from coreu\n+00041f80: 7469 6c73 2e0a 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e tils..environmen\n+00041f90: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 616e 6420 t variables and \n+00041fa0: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2061 7265 206c 6973 commands are lis\n+00041fb0: 7465 6420 696e 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 ted in the same \n+00041fc0: 6f72 6465 722e 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\n+000420b0: 2020 2020 2042 6f6f 7469 6e67 2064 6967 Booting dig\n+000420c0: 6974 616c 6c79 2073 6967 6e65 6420 636f itally signed co\n+000420d0: 6465 0a2a 2055 4546 4920 7365 6375 7265 de.* UEFI secure\n+000420e0: 2062 6f6f 7420 616e 6420 7368 696d 3a3a boot and shim::\n+000420f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 426f 6f74 696e 6720 Booting \n+00042100: 6469 6769 7461 6c6c 7920 7369 676e 6564 digitally signed\n+00042110: 2050 4520 6669 6c65 730a 2a20 5365 6375 PE files.* Secu\n+00042120: 7265 2042 6f6f 7420 4164 7661 6e63 6564 re Boot Advanced\n+00042130: 2054 6172 6765 7469 6e67 3a3a 2020 2045 Targeting:: E\n+00042140: 6d62 6564 6465 6420 696e 666f 726d 6174 mbedded informat\n+00042150: 696f 6e20 666f 7220 6765 6e65 7261 7469 ion for generati\n+00042160: 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 7220 6261 7365 6420 on number based \n+00042170: 7265 766f 6361 7469 6f6e 0a2a 204d 6561 revocation.* Mea\n+00042180: 7375 7265 6420 426f 6f74 3a3a 2020 2020 sured Boot:: \n+00042190: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000421a0: 4d65 6173 7572 696e 6720 626f 6f74 2063 Measuring boot c\n+000421b0: 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 730a 2a20 4c6f 636b omponents.* Lock\n+000421c0: 646f 776e 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 down:: \n+000421d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c L\n+000421e0: 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e20 7768 656e 2062 6f6f ockdown when boo\n+000421f0: 7469 6e67 206f 6e20 6120 7365 6375 7265 ting on a secure\n+00042200: 2073 6574 7570 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 setup....File: \n+00042210: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+00042220: 3a20 4175 7468 656e 7469 6361 7469 6f6e : Authentication\n+00042230: 2061 6e64 2061 7574 686f 7269 7361 7469 and authorisati\n+00042240: 6f6e 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2055 7369 6e67 on, Next: Using\n+00042250: 2064 6967 6974 616c 2073 6967 6e61 7475 digital signatu\n+00042260: 7265 732c 2020 5570 3a20 5365 6375 7269 res, Up: Securi\n+00042270: 7479 0a0a 3139 2e31 2041 7574 6865 6e74 ty..19.1 Authent\n+00042280: 6963 6174 696f 6e20 616e 6420 6175 7468 ication and 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(\n-000426e0: 2a6e 6f74 6520 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 0a67 *note Invoking.g\n-000426f0: 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 7373 7764 2d70 626b rub-mkpasswd-pbk\n-00042700: 6466 323a 3a29 2074 6f20 6765 6e65 7261 df2::) to genera\n-00042710: 7465 2070 6173 7377 6f72 6420 6861 7368 te password hash\n-00042720: 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 496e 206f 7264 6572 es... In order\n-00042730: 2074 6f20 656e 6162 6c65 2061 7574 6865 to enable authe\n-00042740: 6e74 6963 6174 696f 6e20 7375 7070 6f72 ntication suppor\n-00042750: 742c 2074 6865 20e2 8098 7375 7065 7275 t, the ...superu\n-00042760: 7365 7273 e280 990a 656e 7669 726f 6e6d sers....environm\n-00042770: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 206d 7573 ent variable mus\n-00042780: 7420 6265 2073 6574 2074 6f20 6120 6c69 t be set to a li\n-00042790: 7374 206f 6620 7573 6572 6e61 6d65 732c st of usernames,\n-000427a0: 2073 6570 6172 6174 6564 2062 790a 616e separated by.an\n-000427b0: 7920 6f66 2073 7061 6365 732c 2063 6f6d y of spaces, com\n-000427c0: 6d61 732c 2073 656d 6963 6f6c 6f6e 732c mas, semicolons,\n-000427d0: 2070 6970 6573 2c20 6f72 2061 6d70 6572 pipes, or amper\n-000427e0: 7361 6e64 732e 2020 5375 7065 7275 7365 sands. Superuse\n-000427f0: 7273 2061 7265 0a70 6572 6d69 7474 6564 rs are.permitted\n-00042800: 2074 6f20 7573 6520 7468 6520 4752 5542 to use the GRUB\n-00042810: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 206c 696e 652c 2065 command line, e\n-00042820: 6469 7420 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 6573 dit menu entries\n-00042830: 2c20 616e 6420 6578 6563 7574 650a 616e , and execute.an\n-00042840: 7920 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 2e20 2049 y menu entry. I\n-00042850: 6620 e280 9873 7570 6572 7573 6572 73e2 f ...superusers.\n-00042860: 8099 2069 7320 7365 742c 2074 6865 6e20 .. is set, then \n-00042870: 7573 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 use of the comma\n-00042880: 6e64 206c 696e 650a 616e 6420 6564 6974 nd line.and edit\n-00042890: 696e 6720 6f66 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 ing of menu entr\n-000428a0: 6965 7320 6172 6520 6175 746f 6d61 7469 ies are automati\n-000428b0: 6361 6c6c 7920 7265 7374 7269 6374 6564 cally restricted\n-000428c0: 2074 6f20 7375 7065 7275 7365 7273 2e0a to superusers..\n-000428d0: 5365 7474 696e 6720 e280 9873 7570 6572 Setting ...super\n-000428e0: 7573 6572 73e2 8099 2074 6f20 656d 7074 users... to empt\n-000428f0: 7920 7374 7269 6e67 2065 6666 6563 7469 y string effecti\n-00042900: 7665 6c79 2064 6973 6162 6c65 7320 626f vely disables bo\n-00042910: 7468 2061 6363 6573 7320 746f 0a43 4c49 th access to.CLI\n-00042920: 2061 6e64 2065 6469 7469 6e67 206f 6620 and editing of \n-00042930: 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 6573 2e20 204e menu entries. N\n-00042940: 6f74 653a 2054 6865 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e ote: The environ\n-00042950: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6e65 ment variable ne\n-00042960: 6564 730a 746f 2062 6520 6578 706f 7274 eds.to be export\n-00042970: 6564 2074 6f20 616c 736f 2061 6666 6563 ed to also affec\n-00042980: 7420 7468 6520 7365 6374 696f 6e20 6465 t the section de\n-00042990: 6669 6e65 6420 6279 2074 6865 20e2 8098 fined by the ...\n-000429a0: 7375 626d 656e 75e2 8099 0a63 6f6d 6d61 submenu....comma\n-000429b0: 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 7375 626d 656e nd (*note submen\n-000429c0: 753a 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 4f74 6865 7220 u::)... Other \n-000429d0: 7573 6572 7320 6d61 7920 6265 2061 6c6c users may be all\n-000429e0: 6f77 6564 2074 6f20 6578 6563 7574 6520 owed to execute \n-000429f0: 7370 6563 6966 6963 206d 656e 7520 656e specific menu en\n-00042a00: 7472 6965 7320 6279 2067 6976 696e 670a tries by giving.\n-00042a10: 6120 6c69 7374 206f 6620 7573 6572 6e61 a list of userna\n-00042a20: 6d65 7320 2861 7320 6162 6f76 6529 2075 mes (as above) u\n-00042a30: 7369 6e67 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2d2d 7573 sing the ...--us\n-00042a40: 6572 73e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 746f ers... option to\n-00042a50: 2074 6865 0ae2 8098 6d65 6e75 656e 7472 the....menuentr\n-00042a60: 79e2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e y... command (*n\n-00042a70: 6f74 6520 6d65 6e75 656e 7472 793a 3a29 ote menuentry::)\n-00042a80: 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6520 e280 982d 2d75 . If the ...--u\n-00042a90: 6e72 6573 7472 6963 7465 64e2 8099 206f nrestricted... o\n-00042aa0: 7074 696f 6e0a 6973 2075 7365 6420 666f ption.is used fo\n-00042ab0: 7220 6120 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 2c20 r a menu entry, \n-00042ac0: 7468 656e 2074 6861 7420 656e 7472 7920 then that entry \n-00042ad0: 6973 2075 6e72 6573 7472 6963 7465 642e is unrestricted.\n-00042ae0: 2020 4966 2074 6865 0ae2 8098 2d2d 7573 If the....--us\n-00042af0: 6572 73e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6973 ers... option is\n-00042b00: 206e 6f74 2075 7365 6420 666f 7220 6120 not used for a \n-00042b10: 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 2c20 7468 656e menu entry, then\n-00042b20: 2074 6861 7420 6f6e 6c79 2073 7570 6572 that only super\n-00042b30: 7573 6572 730a 6172 6520 6162 6c65 2074 users.are able t\n-00042b40: 6f20 7573 6520 6974 2e0a 0a20 2020 5075 o use it... Pu\n-00042b50: 7474 696e 6720 7468 6973 2074 6f67 6574 tting this toget\n-00042b60: 6865 722c 2061 2074 7970 6963 616c 20e2 her, a typical .\n-00042b70: 8098 6772 7562 2e63 6667 e280 9920 6672 ..grub.cfg... fr\n-00042b80: 6167 6d65 6e74 206d 6967 6874 206c 6f6f agment might loo\n-00042b90: 6b20 6c69 6b65 0a74 6869 733a 0a0a 2020 k like.this:.. \n-00042ba0: 2020 2073 6574 2073 7570 6572 7573 6572 set superuser\n-00042bb0: 733d 2272 6f6f 7422 0a20 2020 2020 7061 s=\"root\". pa\n-00042bc0: 7373 776f 7264 5f70 626b 6466 3220 726f ssword_pbkdf2 ro\n-00042bd0: 6f74 2067 7275 622e 7062 6b64 6632 2e73 ot grub.pbkdf2.s\n-00042be0: 6861 3531 322e 3130 3030 302e 6269 676c ha512.10000.bigl\n-00042bf0: 6f6e 6773 7472 696e 670a 2020 2020 2070 ongstring. p\n-00042c00: 6173 7377 6f72 6420 7573 6572 3120 696e assword user1 in\n-00042c10: 7365 6375 7265 0a0a 2020 2020 206d 656e secure.. men\n-00042c20: 7565 6e74 7279 2022 4d61 7920 6265 2072 uentry \"May be r\n-00042c30: 756e 2062 7920 616e 7920 7573 6572 2220 un by any user\" \n-00042c40: 2d2d 756e 7265 7374 7269 6374 6564 207b --unrestricted {\n-00042c50: 0a20 2020 2020 0973 6574 2072 6f6f 743d . .set root=\n-00042c60: 2868 6430 2c31 290a 2020 2020 2009 6c69 (hd0,1). .li\n-00042c70: 6e75 7820 2f76 6d6c 696e 757a 0a20 2020 nux /vmlinuz. \n-00042c80: 2020 7d0a 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 656e }.. menuen\n-00042c90: 7472 7920 2253 7570 6572 7573 6572 7320 try \"Superusers \n-00042ca0: 6f6e 6c79 2220 2d2d 7573 6572 7320 2222 only\" --users \"\"\n-00042cb0: 207b 0a20 2020 2020 0973 6574 2072 6f6f {. .set roo\n-00042cc0: 743d 2868 6430 2c31 290a 2020 2020 2009 t=(hd0,1). .\n-00042cd0: 6c69 6e75 7820 2f76 6d6c 696e 757a 2073 linux /vmlinuz s\n-00042ce0: 696e 676c 650a 2020 2020 207d 0a0a 2020 ingle. }.. \n-00042cf0: 2020 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2022 4d61 menuentry \"Ma\n-00042d00: 7920 6265 2072 756e 2062 7920 7573 6572 y be run by user\n-00042d10: 3120 6f72 2061 2073 7570 6572 7573 6572 1 or a superuser\n-00042d20: 2220 2d2d 7573 6572 7320 7573 6572 3120 \" --users user1 \n-00042d30: 7b0a 2020 2020 2009 7365 7420 726f 6f74 {. .set root\n-00042d40: 3d28 6864 302c 3229 0a20 2020 2020 0963 =(hd0,2). .c\n-00042d50: 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 202b 310a 2020 hainloader +1. \n-00042d60: 2020 207d 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 20e2 8098 }.. The ...\n-00042d70: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 grub-mkconfig...\n-00042d80: 2070 726f 6772 616d 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f program does no\n-00042d90: 7420 7965 7420 6861 7665 2062 7569 6c74 t yet have built\n-00042da0: 2d69 6e20 7375 7070 6f72 7420 666f 720a -in support for.\n-00042db0: 6765 6e65 7261 7469 6e67 2063 6f6e 6669 generating confi\n-00042dc0: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6573 2077 guration files w\n-00042dd0: 6974 6820 6175 7468 656e 7469 6361 7469 ith authenticati\n-00042de0: 6f6e 2e20 2059 6f75 2063 616e 2075 7365 on. You can use\n-00042df0: 0ae2 8098 2f65 7463 2f67 7275 622e 642f ..../etc/grub.d/\n-00042e00: 3430 5f63 7573 746f 6de2 8099 2074 6f20 40_custom... to \n-00042e10: 6164 6420 7369 6d70 6c65 2073 7570 6572 add simple super\n-00042e20: 7573 6572 2061 7574 6865 6e74 6963 6174 user authenticat\n-00042e30: 696f 6e2c 2062 790a 6164 6469 6e67 20e2 ion, by.adding .\n-00042e40: 8098 7365 7420 7375 7065 7275 7365 7273 ..set superusers\n-00042e50: 3de2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 7061 7373 =... and ...pass\n-00042e60: 776f 7264 e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 7061 word... or ...pa\n-00042e70: 7373 776f 7264 5f70 626b 6466 32e2 8099 ssword_pbkdf2...\n-00042e80: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 commands.....Fi\n-00042e90: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-00042ea0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 5573 696e 6720 6469 6769 Node: Using digi\n-00042eb0: 7461 6c20 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 2c20 tal signatures, \n-00042ec0: 204e 6578 743a 2055 4546 4920 7365 6375 Next: UEFI secu\n-00042ed0: 7265 2062 6f6f 7420 616e 6420 7368 696d re boot and shim\n-00042ee0: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2041 7574 6865 6e74 , Prev: Authent\n-00042ef0: 6963 6174 696f 6e20 616e 6420 6175 7468 ication and auth\n-00042f00: 6f72 6973 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 5570 3a20 orisation, Up: \n-00042f10: 5365 6375 7269 7479 0a0a 3139 2e32 2055 Security..19.2 U\n-00042f20: 7369 6e67 2064 6967 6974 616c 2073 6967 sing digital sig\n-00042f30: 6e61 7475 7265 7320 696e 2047 5255 420a natures in GRUB.\n+000422c0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a ===============.\n+000422d0: 0a42 7920 6465 6661 756c 742c 2074 6865 .By default, the\n+000422e0: 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2069 6e74 boot loader int\n+000422f0: 6572 6661 6365 2069 7320 6163 6365 7373 erface is access\n+00042300: 6962 6c65 2074 6f20 616e 796f 6e65 2077 ible to anyone w\n+00042310: 6974 680a 7068 7973 6963 616c 2061 6363 ith.physical acc\n+00042320: 6573 7320 746f 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 736f ess to the conso\n+00042330: 6c65 3a20 616e 796f 6e65 2063 616e 2073 le: anyone can s\n+00042340: 656c 6563 7420 616e 6420 6564 6974 2061 elect and edit a\n+00042350: 6e79 206d 656e 750a 656e 7472 792c 2061 ny menu.entry, a\n+00042360: 6e64 2061 6e79 6f6e 6520 6361 6e20 6765 nd anyone can ge\n+00042370: 7420 6469 7265 6374 2061 6363 6573 7320 t direct access \n+00042380: 746f 2061 2047 5255 4220 7368 656c 6c20 to a GRUB shell \n+00042390: 7072 6f6d 7074 2e20 2046 6f72 0a6d 6f73 prompt. For.mos\n+000423a0: 7420 7379 7374 656d 732c 2074 6869 7320 t systems, this \n+000423b0: 6973 2072 6561 736f 6e61 626c 6520 7369 is reasonable si\n+000423c0: 6e63 6520 616e 796f 6e65 2077 6974 6820 nce anyone with \n+000423d0: 6469 7265 6374 2070 6879 7369 6361 6c0a direct physical.\n+000423e0: 6163 6365 7373 2068 6173 2061 2076 6172 access has a var\n+000423f0: 6965 7479 206f 6620 6f74 6865 7220 7761 iety of other wa\n+00042400: 7973 2074 6f20 6761 696e 2066 756c 6c20 ys to gain full \n+00042410: 6163 6365 7373 2c20 616e 6420 7265 7175 access, and requ\n+00042420: 6972 696e 670a 6175 7468 656e 7469 6361 iring.authentica\n+00042430: 7469 6f6e 2061 7420 7468 6520 626f 6f74 tion at the boot\n+00042440: 206c 6f61 6465 7220 6c65 7665 6c20 776f loader level wo\n+00042450: 756c 6420 6f6e 6c79 2073 6572 7665 2074 uld only serve t\n+00042460: 6f20 6d61 6b65 2069 740a 6469 6666 6963 o make it.diffic\n+00042470: 756c 7420 746f 2072 6563 6f76 6572 2062 ult to recover b\n+00042480: 726f 6b65 6e20 7379 7374 656d 732e 0a0a roken systems...\n+00042490: 2020 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 696e 2073 However, in s\n+000424a0: 6f6d 6520 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7473 ome environments\n+000424b0: 2c20 7375 6368 2061 7320 6b69 6f73 6b73 , such as kiosks\n+000424c0: 2c20 6974 206d 6179 2062 6520 6170 7072 , it may be appr\n+000424d0: 6f70 7269 6174 650a 746f 206c 6f63 6b20 opriate.to lock \n+000424e0: 646f 776e 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f down the boot lo\n+000424f0: 6164 6572 2074 6f20 7265 7175 6972 6520 ader to require \n+00042500: 6175 7468 656e 7469 6361 7469 6f6e 2062 authentication b\n+00042510: 6566 6f72 6520 7065 7266 6f72 6d69 6e67 efore performing\n+00042520: 0a63 6572 7461 696e 206f 7065 7261 7469 .certain operati\n+00042530: 6f6e 732e 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 20e2 8098 ons... The ...\n+00042540: 7061 7373 776f 7264 e280 9920 282a 6e6f password... (*no\n+00042550: 7465 2070 6173 7377 6f72 643a 3a29 2061 te password::) a\n+00042560: 6e64 20e2 8098 7061 7373 776f 7264 5f70 nd ...password_p\n+00042570: 626b 6466 32e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a bkdf2... (*note.\n+00042580: 7061 7373 776f 7264 5f70 626b 6466 323a password_pbkdf2:\n+00042590: 3a29 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 6361 6e20 :) commands can \n+000425a0: 6265 2075 7365 6420 746f 2064 6566 696e be used to defin\n+000425b0: 6520 7573 6572 732c 2065 6163 6820 6f66 e users, each of\n+000425c0: 2077 6869 6368 0a68 6173 2061 6e20 6173 which.has an as\n+000425d0: 736f 6369 6174 6564 2070 6173 7377 6f72 sociated passwor\n+000425e0: 642e 2020 e280 9870 6173 7377 6f72 64e2 d. ...password.\n+000425f0: 8099 2073 6574 7320 7468 6520 7061 7373 .. sets the pass\n+00042600: 776f 7264 2069 6e20 706c 6169 6e20 7465 word in plain te\n+00042610: 7874 2c0a 7265 7175 6972 696e 6720 e280 xt,.requiring ..\n+00042620: 9867 7275 622e 6366 67e2 8099 2074 6f20 .grub.cfg... to \n+00042630: 6265 2073 6563 7572 653b 20e2 8098 7061 be secure; ...pa\n+00042640: 7373 776f 7264 5f70 626b 6466 32e2 8099 ssword_pbkdf2...\n+00042650: 2073 6574 7320 7468 6520 7061 7373 776f sets the passwo\n+00042660: 7264 0a68 6173 6865 6420 7573 696e 6720 rd.hashed using \n+00042670: 7468 6520 5061 7373 776f 7264 2d42 6173 the Password-Bas\n+00042680: 6564 204b 6579 2044 6572 6976 6174 696f ed Key Derivatio\n+00042690: 6e20 4675 6e63 7469 6f6e 2028 5246 4320 n Function (RFC \n+000426a0: 3238 3938 292c 0a72 6571 7569 7269 6e67 2898),.requiring\n+000426b0: 2074 6865 2075 7365 206f 6620 e280 9867 the use of ...g\n+000426c0: 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 7373 7764 2d70 626b rub-mkpasswd-pbk\n+000426d0: 6466 32e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 496e df2... (*note In\n+000426e0: 766f 6b69 6e67 0a67 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 voking.grub-mkpa\n+000426f0: 7373 7764 2d70 626b 6466 323a 3a29 2074 sswd-pbkdf2::) t\n+00042700: 6f20 6765 6e65 7261 7465 2070 6173 7377 o generate passw\n+00042710: 6f72 6420 6861 7368 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 ord hashes... \n+00042720: 496e 206f 7264 6572 2074 6f20 656e 6162 In order to enab\n+00042730: 6c65 2061 7574 6865 6e74 6963 6174 696f le authenticatio\n+00042740: 6e20 7375 7070 6f72 742c 2074 6865 20e2 n support, the .\n+00042750: 8098 7375 7065 7275 7365 7273 e280 990a ..superusers....\n+00042760: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n+00042770: 6162 6c65 206d 7573 7420 6265 2073 6574 able must be set\n+00042780: 2074 6f20 6120 6c69 7374 206f 6620 7573 to a list of us\n+00042790: 6572 6e61 6d65 732c 2073 6570 6172 6174 ernames, separat\n+000427a0: 6564 2062 790a 616e 7920 6f66 2073 7061 ed by.any of spa\n+000427b0: 6365 732c 2063 6f6d 6d61 732c 2073 656d ces, commas, sem\n+000427c0: 6963 6f6c 6f6e 732c 2070 6970 6573 2c20 icolons, pipes, \n+000427d0: 6f72 2061 6d70 6572 7361 6e64 732e 2020 or ampersands. \n+000427e0: 5375 7065 7275 7365 7273 2061 7265 0a70 Superusers are.p\n+000427f0: 6572 6d69 7474 6564 2074 6f20 7573 6520 ermitted to use \n+00042800: 7468 6520 4752 5542 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 the GRUB command\n+00042810: 206c 696e 652c 2065 6469 7420 6d65 6e75 line, edit menu\n+00042820: 2065 6e74 7269 6573 2c20 616e 6420 6578 entries, and ex\n+00042830: 6563 7574 650a 616e 7920 6d65 6e75 2065 ecute.any menu e\n+00042840: 6e74 7279 2e20 2049 6620 e280 9873 7570 ntry. If ...sup\n+00042850: 6572 7573 6572 73e2 8099 2069 7320 7365 erusers... is se\n+00042860: 742c 2074 6865 6e20 7573 6520 6f66 2074 t, then use of t\n+00042870: 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 206c 696e 650a he command line.\n+00042880: 616e 6420 6564 6974 696e 6720 6f66 206d and editing of m\n+00042890: 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 7320 6172 6520 enu entries are \n+000428a0: 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6361 6c6c 7920 7265 automatically re\n+000428b0: 7374 7269 6374 6564 2074 6f20 7375 7065 stricted to supe\n+000428c0: 7275 7365 7273 2e0a 5365 7474 696e 6720 rusers..Setting \n+000428d0: e280 9873 7570 6572 7573 6572 73e2 8099 ...superusers...\n+000428e0: 2074 6f20 656d 7074 7920 7374 7269 6e67 to empty string\n+000428f0: 2065 6666 6563 7469 7665 6c79 2064 6973 effectively dis\n+00042900: 6162 6c65 7320 626f 7468 2061 6363 6573 ables both acces\n+00042910: 7320 746f 0a43 4c49 2061 6e64 2065 6469 s to.CLI and edi\n+00042920: 7469 6e67 206f 6620 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 ting of menu ent\n+00042930: 7269 6573 2e20 204e 6f74 653a 2054 6865 ries. Note: The\n+00042940: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n+00042950: 6961 626c 6520 6e65 6564 730a 746f 2062 iable needs.to b\n+00042960: 6520 6578 706f 7274 6564 2074 6f20 616c e exported to al\n+00042970: 736f 2061 6666 6563 7420 7468 6520 7365 so affect the se\n+00042980: 6374 696f 6e20 6465 6669 6e65 6420 6279 ction defined by\n+00042990: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 7375 626d 656e 75e2 the ...submenu.\n+000429a0: 8099 0a63 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 ...command (*not\n+000429b0: 6520 7375 626d 656e 753a 3a29 2e0a 0a20 e submenu::)... \n+000429c0: 2020 4f74 6865 7220 7573 6572 7320 6d61 Other users ma\n+000429d0: 7920 6265 2061 6c6c 6f77 6564 2074 6f20 y be allowed to \n+000429e0: 6578 6563 7574 6520 7370 6563 6966 6963 execute specific\n+000429f0: 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 7320 6279 menu entries by\n+00042a00: 2067 6976 696e 670a 6120 6c69 7374 206f giving.a list o\n+00042a10: 6620 7573 6572 6e61 6d65 7320 2861 7320 f usernames (as \n+00042a20: 6162 6f76 6529 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 above) using the\n+00042a30: 20e2 8098 2d2d 7573 6572 73e2 8099 206f ...--users... o\n+00042a40: 7074 696f 6e20 746f 2074 6865 0ae2 8098 ption to the....\n+00042a50: 6d65 6e75 656e 7472 79e2 8099 2063 6f6d menuentry... com\n+00042a60: 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6d65 6e75 mand (*note menu\n+00042a70: 656e 7472 793a 3a29 2e20 2049 6620 7468 entry::). If th\n+00042a80: 6520 e280 982d 2d75 6e72 6573 7472 6963 e ...--unrestric\n+00042a90: 7465 64e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e0a 6973 ted... option.is\n+00042aa0: 2075 7365 6420 666f 7220 6120 6d65 6e75 used for a menu\n+00042ab0: 2065 6e74 7279 2c20 7468 656e 2074 6861 entry, then tha\n+00042ac0: 7420 656e 7472 7920 6973 2075 6e72 6573 t entry is unres\n+00042ad0: 7472 6963 7465 642e 2020 4966 2074 6865 tricted. If the\n+00042ae0: 0ae2 8098 2d2d 7573 6572 73e2 8099 206f ....--users... o\n+00042af0: 7074 696f 6e20 6973 206e 6f74 2075 7365 ption is not use\n+00042b00: 6420 666f 7220 6120 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 d for a menu ent\n+00042b10: 7279 2c20 7468 656e 2074 6861 7420 6f6e ry, then that on\n+00042b20: 6c79 2073 7570 6572 7573 6572 730a 6172 ly superusers.ar\n+00042b30: 6520 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 7573 6520 6974 e able to use it\n+00042b40: 2e0a 0a20 2020 5075 7474 696e 6720 7468 ... Putting th\n+00042b50: 6973 2074 6f67 6574 6865 722c 2061 2074 is together, a t\n+00042b60: 7970 6963 616c 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2e63 ypical ...grub.c\n+00042b70: 6667 e280 9920 6672 6167 6d65 6e74 206d fg... fragment m\n+00042b80: 6967 6874 206c 6f6f 6b20 6c69 6b65 0a74 ight look like.t\n+00042b90: 6869 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 2073 6574 2073 his:.. set s\n+00042ba0: 7570 6572 7573 6572 733d 2272 6f6f 7422 uperusers=\"root\"\n+00042bb0: 0a20 2020 2020 7061 7373 776f 7264 5f70 . password_p\n+00042bc0: 626b 6466 3220 726f 6f74 2067 7275 622e bkdf2 root grub.\n+00042bd0: 7062 6b64 6632 2e73 6861 3531 322e 3130 pbkdf2.sha512.10\n+00042be0: 3030 302e 6269 676c 6f6e 6773 7472 696e 000.biglongstrin\n+00042bf0: 670a 2020 2020 2070 6173 7377 6f72 6420 g. password \n+00042c00: 7573 6572 3120 696e 7365 6375 7265 0a0a user1 insecure..\n+00042c10: 2020 2020 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2022 menuentry \"\n+00042c20: 4d61 7920 6265 2072 756e 2062 7920 616e May be run by an\n+00042c30: 7920 7573 6572 2220 2d2d 756e 7265 7374 y user\" --unrest\n+00042c40: 7269 6374 6564 207b 0a20 2020 2020 0973 ricted {. .s\n+00042c50: 6574 2072 6f6f 743d 2868 6430 2c31 290a et root=(hd0,1).\n+00042c60: 2020 2020 2009 6c69 6e75 7820 2f76 6d6c .linux /vml\n+00042c70: 696e 757a 0a20 2020 2020 7d0a 0a20 2020 inuz. }.. \n+00042c80: 2020 6d65 6e75 656e 7472 7920 2253 7570 menuentry \"Sup\n+00042c90: 6572 7573 6572 7320 6f6e 6c79 2220 2d2d erusers only\" --\n+00042ca0: 7573 6572 7320 2222 207b 0a20 2020 2020 users \"\" {. \n+00042cb0: 0973 6574 2072 6f6f 743d 2868 6430 2c31 .set root=(hd0,1\n+00042cc0: 290a 2020 2020 2009 6c69 6e75 7820 2f76 ). .linux /v\n+00042cd0: 6d6c 696e 757a 2073 696e 676c 650a 2020 mlinuz single. \n+00042ce0: 2020 207d 0a0a 2020 2020 206d 656e 7565 }.. menue\n+00042cf0: 6e74 7279 2022 4d61 7920 6265 2072 756e ntry \"May be run\n+00042d00: 2062 7920 7573 6572 3120 6f72 2061 2073 by user1 or a s\n+00042d10: 7570 6572 7573 6572 2220 2d2d 7573 6572 uperuser\" --user\n+00042d20: 7320 7573 6572 3120 7b0a 2020 2020 2009 s user1 {. .\n+00042d30: 7365 7420 726f 6f74 3d28 6864 302c 3229 set root=(hd0,2)\n+00042d40: 0a20 2020 2020 0963 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 . .chainload\n+00042d50: 6572 202b 310a 2020 2020 207d 0a0a 2020 er +1. }.. \n+00042d60: 2054 6865 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 The ...grub-mkc\n+00042d70: 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2070 726f 6772 616d onfig... program\n+00042d80: 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 7965 7420 6861 does not yet ha\n+00042d90: 7665 2062 7569 6c74 2d69 6e20 7375 7070 ve built-in supp\n+00042da0: 6f72 7420 666f 720a 6765 6e65 7261 7469 ort for.generati\n+00042db0: 6e67 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e ng configuration\n+00042dc0: 2066 696c 6573 2077 6974 6820 6175 7468 files with auth\n+00042dd0: 656e 7469 6361 7469 6f6e 2e20 2059 6f75 entication. You\n+00042de0: 2063 616e 2075 7365 0ae2 8098 2f65 7463 can use..../etc\n+00042df0: 2f67 7275 622e 642f 3430 5f63 7573 746f /grub.d/40_custo\n+00042e00: 6de2 8099 2074 6f20 6164 6420 7369 6d70 m... to add simp\n+00042e10: 6c65 2073 7570 6572 7573 6572 2061 7574 le superuser aut\n+00042e20: 6865 6e74 6963 6174 696f 6e2c 2062 790a hentication, by.\n+00042e30: 6164 6469 6e67 20e2 8098 7365 7420 7375 adding ...set su\n+00042e40: 7065 7275 7365 7273 3de2 8099 2061 6e64 perusers=... and\n+00042e50: 20e2 8098 7061 7373 776f 7264 e280 9920 ...password... \n+00042e60: 6f72 20e2 8098 7061 7373 776f 7264 5f70 or ...password_p\n+00042e70: 626b 6466 32e2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 bkdf2... command\n+00042e80: 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 s.....File: grub\n+00042e90: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5573 .info, Node: Us\n+00042ea0: 696e 6720 6469 6769 7461 6c20 7369 676e ing digital sign\n+00042eb0: 6174 7572 6573 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2055 atures, Next: U\n+00042ec0: 4546 4920 7365 6375 7265 2062 6f6f 7420 EFI secure boot \n+00042ed0: 616e 6420 7368 696d 2c20 2050 7265 763a and shim, Prev:\n+00042ee0: 2041 7574 6865 6e74 6963 6174 696f 6e20 Authentication \n+00042ef0: 616e 6420 6175 7468 6f72 6973 6174 696f and authorisatio\n+00042f00: 6e2c 2020 5570 3a20 5365 6375 7269 7479 n, Up: Security\n+00042f10: 0a0a 3139 2e32 2055 7369 6e67 2064 6967 ..19.2 Using dig\n+00042f20: 6974 616c 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 7320 ital signatures \n+00042f30: 696e 2047 5255 420a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d in GRUB.========\n 00042f40: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00042f50: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00042f60: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a47 5255 4227 7320 e280 =====..GRUB's ..\n-00042f70: 9863 6f72 652e 696d 67e2 8099 2063 616e .core.img... can\n-00042f80: 206f 7074 696f 6e61 6c6c 7920 7072 6f76 optionally prov\n-00042f90: 6964 6520 656e 666f 7263 656d 656e 7420 ide enforcement \n-00042fa0: 7468 6174 2061 6c6c 2066 696c 6573 0a73 that all files.s\n-00042fb0: 7562 7365 7175 656e 746c 7920 7265 6164 ubsequently read\n-00042fc0: 2066 726f 6d20 6469 736b 2061 7265 2063 from disk are c\n-00042fd0: 6f76 6572 6564 2062 7920 6120 7661 6c69 overed by a vali\n-00042fe0: 6420 6469 6769 7461 6c20 7369 676e 6174 d digital signat\n-00042ff0: 7572 652e 0a54 6869 7320 646f 6375 6d65 ure..This docume\n-00043000: 6e74 2064 6f65 7320 2a6e 6f74 2a20 636f nt does *not* co\n-00043010: 7665 7220 686f 7720 746f 2065 6e73 7572 ver how to ensur\n-00043020: 6520 7468 6174 2079 6f75 7220 706c 6174 e that your plat\n-00043030: 666f 726d 2773 0a66 6972 6d77 6172 6520 form's.firmware \n-00043040: 2865 2e67 2e2c 2043 6f72 6562 6f6f 7429 (e.g., Coreboot)\n-00043050: 2076 616c 6964 6174 6573 20e2 8098 636f validates ...co\n-00043060: 7265 2e69 6d67 e280 992e 0a0a 2020 2049 re.img...... I\n-00043070: 6620 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 f environment va\n-00043080: 7269 6162 6c65 20e2 8098 6368 6563 6b5f riable ...check_\n-00043090: 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 e280 9920 282a signatures... (*\n-000430a0: 6e6f 7465 2063 6865 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 note check_signa\n-000430b0: 7475 7265 733a 3a29 0a69 7320 7365 7420 tures::).is set \n-000430c0: 746f 20e2 8098 656e 666f 7263 65e2 8099 to ...enforce...\n-000430d0: 2c20 7468 656e 2065 7665 7279 2061 7474 , then every att\n-000430e0: 656d 7074 2062 7920 7468 6520 4752 5542 empt by the GRUB\n-000430f0: 20e2 8098 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 ...core.img... \n-00043100: 746f 206c 6f61 640a 616e 6f74 6865 7220 to load.another \n-00043110: 6669 6c65 20e2 8098 666f 6fe2 8099 2069 file ...foo... i\n-00043120: 6d70 6c69 6369 746c 7920 696e 766f 6b65 mplicitly invoke\n-00043130: 7320 e280 9876 6572 6966 795f 6465 7461 s ...verify_deta\n-00043140: 6368 6564 2066 6f6f 2066 6f6f 2e73 6967 ched foo foo.sig\n-00043150: e280 990a 282a 6e6f 7465 2076 6572 6966 ....(*note verif\n-00043160: 795f 6465 7461 6368 6564 3a3a 292e 2020 y_detached::). \n-00043170: e280 9866 6f6f 2e73 6967 e280 9920 6d75 ...foo.sig... mu\n-00043180: 7374 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 2061 2076 616c st contain a val\n-00043190: 6964 2064 6967 6974 616c 0a73 6967 6e61 id digital.signa\n-000431a0: 7475 7265 206f 7665 7220 7468 6520 636f ture over the co\n-000431b0: 6e74 656e 7473 206f 6620 e280 9866 6f6f ntents of ...foo\n-000431c0: e280 992c 2077 6869 6368 2063 616e 2062 ..., which can b\n-000431d0: 6520 7665 7269 6669 6564 2077 6974 6820 e verified with \n-000431e0: 610a 7075 626c 6963 206b 6579 2063 7572 a.public key cur\n-000431f0: 7265 6e74 6c79 2074 7275 7374 6564 2062 rently trusted b\n-00043200: 7920 4752 5542 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6c69 y GRUB (*note li\n-00043210: 7374 5f74 7275 7374 6564 3a3a 2c20 2a6e st_trusted::, *n\n-00043220: 6f74 650a 7472 7573 743a 3a2c 2061 6e64 ote.trust::, and\n-00043230: 202a 6e6f 7465 2064 6973 7472 7573 743a *note distrust:\n-00043240: 3a29 2e20 2049 6620 7661 6c69 6461 7469 :). If validati\n-00043250: 6f6e 2066 6169 6c73 2c20 7468 656e 2066 on fails, then f\n-00043260: 696c 6520 e280 9866 6f6f e280 990a 6361 ile ...foo....ca\n-00043270: 6e6e 6f74 2062 6520 6f70 656e 6564 2e20 nnot be opened. \n-00043280: 2054 6869 7320 6661 696c 7572 6520 6d61 This failure ma\n-00043290: 7920 6861 6c74 206f 7220 6f74 6865 7277 y halt or otherw\n-000432a0: 6973 6520 696d 7061 6374 2074 6865 2062 ise impact the b\n-000432b0: 6f6f 740a 7072 6f63 6573 732e 0a0a 2020 oot.process... \n-000432c0: 2041 6e20 696e 6974 6961 6c20 7472 7573 An initial trus\n-000432d0: 7465 6420 7075 626c 6963 206b 6579 2063 ted public key c\n-000432e0: 616e 2062 6520 656d 6265 6464 6564 2077 an be embedded w\n-000432f0: 6974 6869 6e20 7468 6520 4752 5542 0ae2 ithin the GRUB..\n-00043300: 8098 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 7573 ..core.img... us\n-00043310: 696e 6720 7468 6520 e280 982d 2d70 7562 ing the ...--pub\n-00043320: 6b65 79e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 746f key... option to\n-00043330: 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c ...grub-install\n-00043340: e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2049 6e76 6f6b ... (*note Invok\n-00043350: 696e 670a 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c ing.grub-install\n-00043360: 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 2047 5255 4220 7573 ::)... GRUB us\n-00043370: 6573 2047 5047 2d73 7479 6c65 2064 6574 es GPG-style det\n-00043380: 6163 6865 6420 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 ached signatures\n-00043390: 2028 6d65 616e 696e 6720 7468 6174 2061 (meaning that a\n-000433a0: 2066 696c 650a e280 9866 6f6f 2e73 6967 file....foo.sig\n-000433b0: e280 9920 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 7072 6f64 ... will be prod\n-000433c0: 7563 6564 2077 6865 6e20 6669 6c65 20e2 uced when file .\n-000433d0: 8098 666f 6fe2 8099 2069 7320 7369 676e ..foo... is sign\n-000433e0: 6564 292c 2061 6e64 2063 7572 7265 6e74 ed), and current\n-000433f0: 6c79 0a73 7570 706f 7274 7320 7468 6520 ly.supports the \n-00043400: 4453 4120 616e 6420 5253 4120 7369 676e DSA and RSA sign\n-00043410: 696e 6720 616c 676f 7269 7468 6d73 2e20 ing algorithms. \n-00043420: 2041 2073 6967 6e69 6e67 206b 6579 2063 A signing key c\n-00043430: 616e 2062 650a 6765 6e65 7261 7465 6420 an be.generated \n-00043440: 6173 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7773 3a0a 0a20 2020 as follows:.. \n-00043450: 2020 6770 6720 2d2d 6765 6e2d 6b65 790a gpg --gen-key.\n-00043460: 0a20 2020 416e 2069 6e64 6976 6964 7561 . An individua\n-00043470: 6c20 6669 6c65 2063 616e 2062 6520 7369 l file can be si\n-00043480: 676e 6564 2061 7320 666f 6c6c 6f77 733a gned as follows:\n-00043490: 0a0a 2020 2020 2067 7067 202d 2d64 6574 .. gpg --det\n-000434a0: 6163 682d 7369 676e 202f 7061 7468 2f74 ach-sign /path/t\n-000434b0: 6f2f 6669 6c65 0a0a 2020 2046 6f72 2073 o/file.. For s\n-000434c0: 7563 6365 7373 6675 6c20 7661 6c69 6461 uccessful valida\n-000434d0: 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 616c 6c20 6f66 2047 tion of all of G\n-000434e0: 5255 4227 7320 7375 6263 6f6d 706f 6e65 RUB's subcompone\n-000434f0: 6e74 7320 616e 6420 7468 650a 6c6f 6164 nts and the.load\n-00043500: 6564 204f 5320 6b65 726e 656c 2c20 7468 ed OS kernel, th\n-00043510: 6579 206d 7573 7420 616c 6c20 6265 2073 ey must all be s\n-00043520: 6967 6e65 642e 2020 4f6e 6520 7761 7920 igned. One way \n-00043530: 746f 2061 6363 6f6d 706c 6973 6820 7468 to accomplish th\n-00043540: 6973 0a69 7320 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 is.is the follow\n-00043550: 696e 6720 2861 6674 6572 2068 6176 696e ing (after havin\n-00043560: 6720 616c 7265 6164 7920 7072 6f64 7563 g already produc\n-00043570: 6564 2074 6865 2064 6573 6972 6564 20e2 ed the desired .\n-00043580: 8098 6772 7562 2e63 6667 e280 990a 6669 ..grub.cfg....fi\n-00043590: 6c65 2c20 652e 672e 2c20 6279 2072 756e le, e.g., by run\n-000435a0: 6e69 6e67 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 ning ...grub-mkc\n-000435b0: 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 onfig... (*note \n-000435c0: 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b Invoking grub-mk\n-000435d0: 636f 6e66 6967 3a3a 293a 0a0a 2020 2020 config::):.. \n-000435e0: 2023 2045 6469 7420 2f64 6576 2f73 686d # Edit /dev/shm\n-000435f0: 2f70 6173 7370 6872 6173 652e 7478 7420 /passphrase.txt \n-00043600: 746f 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 2079 6f75 7220 to contain your \n-00043610: 7369 676e 696e 6720 6b65 7927 7320 7061 signing key's pa\n-00043620: 7373 7068 7261 7365 0a20 2020 2020 666f ssphrase. fo\n-00043630: 7220 6920 696e 2060 6669 6e64 202f 626f r i in `find /bo\n-00043640: 6f74 202d 6e61 6d65 2022 2a2e 6366 6722 ot -name \"*.cfg\"\n-00043650: 202d 6f72 202d 6e61 6d65 2022 2a2e 6c73 -or -name \"*.ls\n-00043660: 7422 202d 6f72 205c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 t\" -or \\. \n-00043670: 2d6e 616d 6520 222a 2e6d 6f64 2220 2d6f -name \"*.mod\" -o\n-00043680: 7220 2d6e 616d 6520 2276 6d6c 696e 757a r -name \"vmlinuz\n-00043690: 2a22 202d 6f72 202d 6e61 6d65 2022 696e *\" -or -name \"in\n-000436a0: 6974 7264 2a22 202d 6f72 205c 0a20 2020 itrd*\" -or \\. \n-000436b0: 2020 2020 2d6e 616d 6520 2267 7275 6265 -name \"grube\n-000436c0: 6e76 2260 3b0a 2020 2020 2064 6f0a 2020 nv\"`;. do. \n-000436d0: 2020 2020 2067 7067 202d 2d62 6174 6368 gpg --batch\n-000436e0: 202d 2d64 6574 6163 682d 7369 676e 202d --detach-sign -\n-000436f0: 2d70 6173 7370 6872 6173 652d 6664 2030 -passphrase-fd 0\n-00043700: 2024 6920 3c20 5c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 $i < \\. \n-00043710: 202f 6465 762f 7368 6d2f 7061 7373 7068 /dev/shm/passph\n-00043720: 7261 7365 2e74 7874 0a20 2020 2020 646f rase.txt. do\n-00043730: 6e65 0a20 2020 2020 7368 7265 6420 2f64 ne. shred /d\n-00043740: 6576 2f73 686d 2f70 6173 7370 6872 6173 ev/shm/passphras\n-00043750: 652e 7478 740a 0a20 2020 5365 6520 616c e.txt.. See al\n-00043760: 736f 3a20 2a6e 6f74 6520 6368 6563 6b5f so: *note check_\n-00043770: 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 3a3a 2c20 2a6e signatures::, *n\n-00043780: 6f74 6520 7665 7269 6679 5f64 6574 6163 ote verify_detac\n-00043790: 6865 643a 3a2c 202a 6e6f 7465 0a74 7275 hed::, *note.tru\n-000437a0: 7374 3a3a 2c20 2a6e 6f74 6520 6c69 7374 st::, *note list\n-000437b0: 5f74 7275 7374 6564 3a3a 2c20 2a6e 6f74 _trusted::, *not\n-000437c0: 6520 6469 7374 7275 7374 3a3a 2c20 2a6e e distrust::, *n\n-000437d0: 6f74 6520 6c6f 6164 5f65 6e76 3a3a 2c20 ote load_env::, \n-000437e0: 2a6e 6f74 650a 7361 7665 5f65 6e76 3a3a *note.save_env::\n-000437f0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 4e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 ... Note that \n-00043800: 696e 7465 726e 616c 6c79 2073 6967 6e61 internally signa\n-00043810: 7475 7265 2065 6e66 6f72 6365 6d65 6e74 ture enforcement\n-00043820: 2069 7320 636f 6e74 726f 6c6c 6564 2062 is controlled b\n-00043830: 7920 7365 7474 696e 670a 7468 6520 656e y setting.the en\n-00043840: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 vironment variab\n-00043850: 6c65 20e2 8098 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 676e le ...check_sign\n-00043860: 6174 7572 6573 e280 9920 6571 7561 6c20 atures... equal \n-00043870: 746f 20e2 8098 656e 666f 7263 65e2 8099 to ...enforce...\n-00043880: 2e20 2050 6173 7369 6e67 0a6f 6e65 206f . Passing.one o\n-00043890: 7220 6d6f 7265 20e2 8098 2d2d 7075 626b r more ...--pubk\n-000438a0: 6579 e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 746f ey... options to\n-000438b0: 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b69 6d61 6765 ...grub-mkimage\n-000438c0: e280 9920 696d 706c 6963 6974 6c79 2064 ... implicitly d\n-000438d0: 6566 696e 6573 0ae2 8098 6368 6563 6b5f efines....check_\n-000438e0: 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 e280 9920 6571 signatures... eq\n-000438f0: 7561 6c20 746f 20e2 8098 656e 666f 7263 ual to ...enforc\n-00043900: 65e2 8099 2069 6e20 e280 9863 6f72 652e e... in ...core.\n-00043910: 696d 67e2 8099 2070 7269 6f72 2074 6f20 img... prior to \n-00043920: 7072 6f63 6573 7369 6e67 0a61 6e79 2063 processing.any c\n-00043930: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c onfiguration fil\n-00043940: 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 4e6f 7465 2074 6861 es... Note tha\n-00043950: 7420 7369 676e 6174 7572 6520 6368 6563 t signature chec\n-00043960: 6b69 6e67 2064 6f65 7320 2a6e 6f74 2a20 king does *not* \n-00043970: 7072 6576 656e 7420 616e 2061 7474 6163 prevent an attac\n-00043980: 6b65 7220 7769 7468 0a28 7365 7269 616c ker with.(serial\n-00043990: 2c20 7068 7973 6963 616c 2c20 2e2e 2e29 , physical, ...)\n-000439a0: 2020 636f 6e73 6f6c 6520 6163 6365 7373 console access\n-000439b0: 2066 726f 6d20 6472 6f70 7069 6e67 206d from dropping m\n-000439c0: 616e 7561 6c6c 7920 746f 2074 6865 0a47 anually to the.G\n-000439d0: 5255 4220 636f 6e73 6f6c 6520 616e 6420 RUB console and \n-000439e0: 6578 6563 7574 696e 673a 0a0a 2020 2020 executing:.. \n-000439f0: 2073 6574 2063 6865 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 set check_signa\n-00043a00: 7475 7265 733d 6e6f 0a0a 2020 2054 6f20 tures=no.. To \n-00043a10: 7072 6576 656e 7420 7468 6973 2c20 7061 prevent this, pa\n-00043a20: 7373 776f 7264 2d70 726f 7465 6374 696f ssword-protectio\n-00043a30: 6e20 282a 6e6f 7465 2041 7574 6865 6e74 n (*note Authent\n-00043a40: 6963 6174 696f 6e20 616e 640a 6175 7468 ication and.auth\n-00043a50: 6f72 6973 6174 696f 6e3a 3a29 2069 7320 orisation::) is \n-00043a60: 6573 7365 6e74 6961 6c2e 2020 4e6f 7465 essential. Note\n-00043a70: 2074 6861 7420 6576 656e 2077 6974 6820 that even with \n-00043a80: 4752 5542 2070 6173 7377 6f72 640a 7072 GRUB password.pr\n-00043a90: 6f74 6563 7469 6f6e 2c20 4752 5542 2069 otection, GRUB i\n-00043aa0: 7473 656c 6620 6361 6e6e 6f74 2070 7265 tself cannot pre\n-00043ab0: 7665 6e74 2073 6f6d 656f 6e65 2077 6974 vent someone wit\n-00043ac0: 6820 7068 7973 6963 616c 2061 6363 6573 h physical acces\n-00043ad0: 7320 746f 0a74 6865 206d 6163 6869 6e65 s to.the machine\n-00043ae0: 2066 726f 6d20 616c 7465 7269 6e67 2074 from altering t\n-00043af0: 6861 7420 6d61 6368 696e 6527 7320 6669 hat machine's fi\n-00043b00: 726d 7761 7265 2028 652e 672e 2c20 436f rmware (e.g., Co\n-00043b10: 7265 626f 6f74 206f 720a 4249 4f53 2920 reboot or.BIOS) \n-00043b20: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 746f configuration to\n-00043b30: 2063 6175 7365 2074 6865 206d 6163 6869 cause the machi\n-00043b40: 6e65 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 2066 726f 6d20 ne to boot from \n-00043b50: 6120 6469 6666 6572 656e 740a 2861 7474 a different.(att\n-00043b60: 6163 6b65 722d 636f 6e74 726f 6c6c 6564 acker-controlled\n-00043b70: 2920 6465 7669 6365 2e20 2047 5255 4220 ) device. GRUB \n-00043b80: 6973 2061 7420 6265 7374 206f 6e6c 7920 is at best only \n-00043b90: 6f6e 6520 6c69 6e6b 2069 6e20 6120 7365 one link in a se\n-00043ba0: 6375 7265 0a62 6f6f 7420 6368 6169 6e2e cure.boot chain.\n-00043bb0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-00043bc0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5545 4649 nfo, Node: UEFI\n-00043bd0: 2073 6563 7572 6520 626f 6f74 2061 6e64 secure boot and\n-00043be0: 2073 6869 6d2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5365 shim, Next: Se\n-00043bf0: 6375 7265 2042 6f6f 7420 4164 7661 6e63 cure Boot Advanc\n-00043c00: 6564 2054 6172 6765 7469 6e67 2c20 2050 ed Targeting, P\n-00043c10: 7265 763a 2055 7369 6e67 2064 6967 6974 rev: Using digit\n-00043c20: 616c 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 732c 2020 al signatures, \n-00043c30: 5570 3a20 5365 6375 7269 7479 0a0a 3139 Up: Security..19\n-00043c40: 2e33 2055 4546 4920 7365 6375 7265 2062 .3 UEFI secure b\n-00043c50: 6f6f 7420 616e 6420 7368 696d 2073 7570 oot and shim sup\n-00043c60: 706f 7274 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d port.===========\n+00042f50: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a47 =============..G\n+00042f60: 5255 4227 7320 e280 9863 6f72 652e 696d RUB's ...core.im\n+00042f70: 67e2 8099 2063 616e 206f 7074 696f 6e61 g... can optiona\n+00042f80: 6c6c 7920 7072 6f76 6964 6520 656e 666f lly provide enfo\n+00042f90: 7263 656d 656e 7420 7468 6174 2061 6c6c rcement that all\n+00042fa0: 2066 696c 6573 0a73 7562 7365 7175 656e files.subsequen\n+00042fb0: 746c 7920 7265 6164 2066 726f 6d20 6469 tly read from di\n+00042fc0: 736b 2061 7265 2063 6f76 6572 6564 2062 sk are covered b\n+00042fd0: 7920 6120 7661 6c69 6420 6469 6769 7461 y a valid digita\n+00042fe0: 6c20 7369 676e 6174 7572 652e 0a54 6869 l signature..Thi\n+00042ff0: 7320 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 2064 6f65 7320 s document does \n+00043000: 2a6e 6f74 2a20 636f 7665 7220 686f 7720 *not* cover how \n+00043010: 746f 2065 6e73 7572 6520 7468 6174 2079 to ensure that y\n+00043020: 6f75 7220 706c 6174 666f 726d 2773 0a66 our platform's.f\n+00043030: 6972 6d77 6172 6520 2865 2e67 2e2c 2043 irmware (e.g., C\n+00043040: 6f72 6562 6f6f 7429 2076 616c 6964 6174 oreboot) validat\n+00043050: 6573 20e2 8098 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 e280 es ...core.img..\n+00043060: 992e 0a0a 2020 2049 6620 656e 7669 726f .... If enviro\n+00043070: 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 20e2 nment variable .\n+00043080: 8098 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 7572 ..check_signatur\n+00043090: 6573 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2063 6865 es... (*note che\n+000430a0: 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 7265 733a 3a29 ck_signatures::)\n+000430b0: 0a69 7320 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 656e .is set to ...en\n+000430c0: 666f 7263 65e2 8099 2c20 7468 656e 2065 force..., then e\n+000430d0: 7665 7279 2061 7474 656d 7074 2062 7920 very attempt by \n+000430e0: 7468 6520 4752 5542 20e2 8098 636f 7265 the GRUB ...core\n+000430f0: 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 746f 206c 6f61 640a .img... to load.\n+00043100: 616e 6f74 6865 7220 6669 6c65 20e2 8098 another file ...\n+00043110: 666f 6fe2 8099 2069 6d70 6c69 6369 746c foo... implicitl\n+00043120: 7920 696e 766f 6b65 7320 e280 9876 6572 y invokes ...ver\n+00043130: 6966 795f 6465 7461 6368 6564 2066 6f6f ify_detached foo\n+00043140: 2066 6f6f 2e73 6967 e280 990a 282a 6e6f foo.sig....(*no\n+00043150: 7465 2076 6572 6966 795f 6465 7461 6368 te verify_detach\n+00043160: 6564 3a3a 292e 2020 e280 9866 6f6f 2e73 ed::). ...foo.s\n+00043170: 6967 e280 9920 6d75 7374 2063 6f6e 7461 ig... must conta\n+00043180: 696e 2061 2076 616c 6964 2064 6967 6974 in a valid digit\n+00043190: 616c 0a73 6967 6e61 7475 7265 206f 7665 al.signature ove\n+000431a0: 7220 7468 6520 636f 6e74 656e 7473 206f r the contents o\n+000431b0: 6620 e280 9866 6f6f e280 992c 2077 6869 f ...foo..., whi\n+000431c0: 6368 2063 616e 2062 6520 7665 7269 6669 ch can be verifi\n+000431d0: 6564 2077 6974 6820 610a 7075 626c 6963 ed with a.public\n+000431e0: 206b 6579 2063 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 2074 key currently t\n+000431f0: 7275 7374 6564 2062 7920 4752 5542 2028 rusted by GRUB (\n+00043200: 2a6e 6f74 6520 6c69 7374 5f74 7275 7374 *note list_trust\n+00043210: 6564 3a3a 2c20 2a6e 6f74 650a 7472 7573 ed::, *note.trus\n+00043220: 743a 3a2c 2061 6e64 202a 6e6f 7465 2064 t::, and *note d\n+00043230: 6973 7472 7573 743a 3a29 2e20 2049 6620 istrust::). If \n+00043240: 7661 6c69 6461 7469 6f6e 2066 6169 6c73 validation fails\n+00043250: 2c20 7468 656e 2066 696c 6520 e280 9866 , then file ...f\n+00043260: 6f6f e280 990a 6361 6e6e 6f74 2062 6520 oo....cannot be \n+00043270: 6f70 656e 6564 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6661 opened. This fa\n+00043280: 696c 7572 6520 6d61 7920 6861 6c74 206f ilure may halt o\n+00043290: 7220 6f74 6865 7277 6973 6520 696d 7061 r otherwise impa\n+000432a0: 6374 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 740a 7072 6f63 ct the boot.proc\n+000432b0: 6573 732e 0a0a 2020 2041 6e20 696e 6974 ess... An init\n+000432c0: 6961 6c20 7472 7573 7465 6420 7075 626c ial trusted publ\n+000432d0: 6963 206b 6579 2063 616e 2062 6520 656d ic key can be em\n+000432e0: 6265 6464 6564 2077 6974 6869 6e20 7468 bedded within th\n+000432f0: 6520 4752 5542 0ae2 8098 636f 7265 2e69 e GRUB....core.i\n+00043300: 6d67 e280 9920 7573 696e 6720 7468 6520 mg... using the \n+00043310: e280 982d 2d70 7562 6b65 79e2 8099 206f ...--pubkey... o\n+00043320: 7074 696f 6e20 746f 20e2 8098 6772 7562 ption to ...grub\n+00043330: 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c e280 9920 282a 6e6f -install... (*no\n+00043340: 7465 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 670a 6772 7562 te Invoking.grub\n+00043350: 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 -install::)... \n+00043360: 2047 5255 4220 7573 6573 2047 5047 2d73 GRUB uses GPG-s\n+00043370: 7479 6c65 2064 6574 6163 6865 6420 7369 tyle detached si\n+00043380: 676e 6174 7572 6573 2028 6d65 616e 696e gnatures (meanin\n+00043390: 6720 7468 6174 2061 2066 696c 650a e280 g that a file...\n+000433a0: 9866 6f6f 2e73 6967 e280 9920 7769 6c6c .foo.sig... will\n+000433b0: 2062 6520 7072 6f64 7563 6564 2077 6865 be produced whe\n+000433c0: 6e20 6669 6c65 20e2 8098 666f 6fe2 8099 n file ...foo...\n+000433d0: 2069 7320 7369 676e 6564 292c 2061 6e64 is signed), and\n+000433e0: 2063 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 0a73 7570 706f currently.suppo\n+000433f0: 7274 7320 7468 6520 4453 4120 616e 6420 rts the DSA and \n+00043400: 5253 4120 7369 676e 696e 6720 616c 676f RSA signing algo\n+00043410: 7269 7468 6d73 2e20 2041 2073 6967 6e69 rithms. A signi\n+00043420: 6e67 206b 6579 2063 616e 2062 650a 6765 ng key can be.ge\n+00043430: 6e65 7261 7465 6420 6173 2066 6f6c 6c6f nerated as follo\n+00043440: 7773 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 6770 6720 2d2d ws:.. gpg --\n+00043450: 6765 6e2d 6b65 790a 0a20 2020 416e 2069 gen-key.. An i\n+00043460: 6e64 6976 6964 7561 6c20 6669 6c65 2063 ndividual file c\n+00043470: 616e 2062 6520 7369 676e 6564 2061 7320 an be signed as \n+00043480: 666f 6c6c 6f77 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 2067 follows:.. g\n+00043490: 7067 202d 2d64 6574 6163 682d 7369 676e pg --detach-sign\n+000434a0: 202f 7061 7468 2f74 6f2f 6669 6c65 0a0a /path/to/file..\n+000434b0: 2020 2046 6f72 2073 7563 6365 7373 6675 For successfu\n+000434c0: 6c20 7661 6c69 6461 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 l validation of \n+000434d0: 616c 6c20 6f66 2047 5255 4227 7320 7375 all of GRUB's su\n+000434e0: 6263 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 7320 616e 6420 bcomponents and \n+000434f0: 7468 650a 6c6f 6164 6564 204f 5320 6b65 the.loaded OS ke\n+00043500: 726e 656c 2c20 7468 6579 206d 7573 7420 rnel, they must \n+00043510: 616c 6c20 6265 2073 6967 6e65 642e 2020 all be signed. \n+00043520: 4f6e 6520 7761 7920 746f 2061 6363 6f6d One way to accom\n+00043530: 706c 6973 6820 7468 6973 0a69 7320 7468 plish this.is th\n+00043540: 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 2861 6674 e following (aft\n+00043550: 6572 2068 6176 696e 6720 616c 7265 6164 er having alread\n+00043560: 7920 7072 6f64 7563 6564 2074 6865 2064 y produced the d\n+00043570: 6573 6972 6564 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2e63 esired ...grub.c\n+00043580: 6667 e280 990a 6669 6c65 2c20 652e 672e fg....file, e.g.\n+00043590: 2c20 6279 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 20e2 8098 , by running ...\n+000435a0: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 grub-mkconfig...\n+000435b0: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 (*note Invoking\n+000435c0: 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 3a3a grub-mkconfig::\n+000435d0: 293a 0a0a 2020 2020 2023 2045 6469 7420 ):.. # Edit \n+000435e0: 2f64 6576 2f73 686d 2f70 6173 7370 6872 /dev/shm/passphr\n+000435f0: 6173 652e 7478 7420 746f 2063 6f6e 7461 ase.txt to conta\n+00043600: 696e 2079 6f75 7220 7369 676e 696e 6720 in your signing \n+00043610: 6b65 7927 7320 7061 7373 7068 7261 7365 key's passphrase\n+00043620: 0a20 2020 2020 666f 7220 6920 696e 2060 . for i in `\n+00043630: 6669 6e64 202f 626f 6f74 202d 6e61 6d65 find /boot -name\n+00043640: 2022 2a2e 6366 6722 202d 6f72 202d 6e61 \"*.cfg\" -or -na\n+00043650: 6d65 2022 2a2e 6c73 7422 202d 6f72 205c me \"*.lst\" -or \\\n+00043660: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2d6e 616d 6520 222a . -name \"*\n+00043670: 2e6d 6f64 2220 2d6f 7220 2d6e 616d 6520 .mod\" -or -name \n+00043680: 2276 6d6c 696e 757a 2a22 202d 6f72 202d \"vmlinuz*\" -or -\n+00043690: 6e61 6d65 2022 696e 6974 7264 2a22 202d name \"initrd*\" -\n+000436a0: 6f72 205c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2d6e 616d or \\. -nam\n+000436b0: 6520 2267 7275 6265 6e76 2260 3b0a 2020 e \"grubenv\"`;. \n+000436c0: 2020 2064 6f0a 2020 2020 2020 2067 7067 do. gpg\n+000436d0: 202d 2d62 6174 6368 202d 2d64 6574 6163 --batch --detac\n+000436e0: 682d 7369 676e 202d 2d70 6173 7370 6872 h-sign --passphr\n+000436f0: 6173 652d 6664 2030 2024 6920 3c20 5c0a ase-fd 0 $i < \\.\n+00043700: 2020 2020 2020 2020 202f 6465 762f 7368 /dev/sh\n+00043710: 6d2f 7061 7373 7068 7261 7365 2e74 7874 m/passphrase.txt\n+00043720: 0a20 2020 2020 646f 6e65 0a20 2020 2020 . done. \n+00043730: 7368 7265 6420 2f64 6576 2f73 686d 2f70 shred /dev/shm/p\n+00043740: 6173 7370 6872 6173 652e 7478 740a 0a20 assphrase.txt.. \n+00043750: 2020 5365 6520 616c 736f 3a20 2a6e 6f74 See also: *not\n+00043760: 6520 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 7572 e check_signatur\n+00043770: 6573 3a3a 2c20 2a6e 6f74 6520 7665 7269 es::, *note veri\n+00043780: 6679 5f64 6574 6163 6865 643a 3a2c 202a fy_detached::, *\n+00043790: 6e6f 7465 0a74 7275 7374 3a3a 2c20 2a6e note.trust::, *n\n+000437a0: 6f74 6520 6c69 7374 5f74 7275 7374 6564 ote list_trusted\n+000437b0: 3a3a 2c20 2a6e 6f74 6520 6469 7374 7275 ::, *note distru\n+000437c0: 7374 3a3a 2c20 2a6e 6f74 6520 6c6f 6164 st::, *note load\n+000437d0: 5f65 6e76 3a3a 2c20 2a6e 6f74 650a 7361 _env::, *note.sa\n+000437e0: 7665 5f65 6e76 3a3a 2e0a 0a20 2020 4e6f ve_env::... No\n+000437f0: 7465 2074 6861 7420 696e 7465 726e 616c te that internal\n+00043800: 6c79 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 2065 6e66 ly signature enf\n+00043810: 6f72 6365 6d65 6e74 2069 7320 636f 6e74 orcement is cont\n+00043820: 726f 6c6c 6564 2062 7920 7365 7474 696e rolled by settin\n+00043830: 670a 7468 6520 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e g.the environmen\n+00043840: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 20e2 8098 6368 t variable ...ch\n+00043850: 6563 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 e280 eck_signatures..\n+00043860: 9920 6571 7561 6c20 746f 20e2 8098 656e . equal to ...en\n+00043870: 666f 7263 65e2 8099 2e20 2050 6173 7369 force.... Passi\n+00043880: 6e67 0a6f 6e65 206f 7220 6d6f 7265 20e2 ng.one or more .\n+00043890: 8098 2d2d 7075 626b 6579 e280 9920 6f70 ..--pubkey... op\n+000438a0: 7469 6f6e 7320 746f 20e2 8098 6772 7562 tions to ...grub\n+000438b0: 2d6d 6b69 6d61 6765 e280 9920 696d 706c -mkimage... impl\n+000438c0: 6963 6974 6c79 2064 6566 696e 6573 0ae2 icitly defines..\n+000438d0: 8098 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 7572 ..check_signatur\n+000438e0: 6573 e280 9920 6571 7561 6c20 746f 20e2 es... equal to .\n+000438f0: 8098 656e 666f 7263 65e2 8099 2069 6e20 ..enforce... in \n+00043900: e280 9863 6f72 652e 696d 67e2 8099 2070 ...core.img... p\n+00043910: 7269 6f72 2074 6f20 7072 6f63 6573 7369 rior to processi\n+00043920: 6e67 0a61 6e79 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 ng.any configura\n+00043930: 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 tion files... \n+00043940: 4e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 7369 676e 6174 Note that signat\n+00043950: 7572 6520 6368 6563 6b69 6e67 2064 6f65 ure checking doe\n+00043960: 7320 2a6e 6f74 2a20 7072 6576 656e 7420 s *not* prevent \n+00043970: 616e 2061 7474 6163 6b65 7220 7769 7468 an attacker with\n+00043980: 0a28 7365 7269 616c 2c20 7068 7973 6963 .(serial, physic\n+00043990: 616c 2c20 2e2e 2e29 2020 636f 6e73 6f6c al, ...) consol\n+000439a0: 6520 6163 6365 7373 2066 726f 6d20 6472 e access from dr\n+000439b0: 6f70 7069 6e67 206d 616e 7561 6c6c 7920 opping manually \n+000439c0: 746f 2074 6865 0a47 5255 4220 636f 6e73 to the.GRUB cons\n+000439d0: 6f6c 6520 616e 6420 6578 6563 7574 696e ole and executin\n+000439e0: 673a 0a0a 2020 2020 2073 6574 2063 6865 g:.. set che\n+000439f0: 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 7265 733d 6e6f ck_signatures=no\n+00043a00: 0a0a 2020 2054 6f20 7072 6576 656e 7420 .. To prevent \n+00043a10: 7468 6973 2c20 7061 7373 776f 7264 2d70 this, password-p\n+00043a20: 726f 7465 6374 696f 6e20 282a 6e6f 7465 rotection (*note\n+00043a30: 2041 7574 6865 6e74 6963 6174 696f 6e20 Authentication \n+00043a40: 616e 640a 6175 7468 6f72 6973 6174 696f and.authorisatio\n+00043a50: 6e3a 3a29 2069 7320 6573 7365 6e74 6961 n::) is essentia\n+00043a60: 6c2e 2020 4e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 6576 l. Note that ev\n+00043a70: 656e 2077 6974 6820 4752 5542 2070 6173 en with GRUB pas\n+00043a80: 7377 6f72 640a 7072 6f74 6563 7469 6f6e sword.protection\n+00043a90: 2c20 4752 5542 2069 7473 656c 6620 6361 , GRUB itself ca\n+00043aa0: 6e6e 6f74 2070 7265 7665 6e74 2073 6f6d nnot prevent som\n+00043ab0: 656f 6e65 2077 6974 6820 7068 7973 6963 eone with physic\n+00043ac0: 616c 2061 6363 6573 7320 746f 0a74 6865 al access to.the\n+00043ad0: 206d 6163 6869 6e65 2066 726f 6d20 616c machine from al\n+00043ae0: 7465 7269 6e67 2074 6861 7420 6d61 6368 tering that mach\n+00043af0: 696e 6527 7320 6669 726d 7761 7265 2028 ine's firmware (\n+00043b00: 652e 672e 2c20 436f 7265 626f 6f74 206f e.g., Coreboot o\n+00043b10: 720a 4249 4f53 2920 636f 6e66 6967 7572 r.BIOS) configur\n+00043b20: 6174 696f 6e20 746f 2063 6175 7365 2074 ation to cause t\n+00043b30: 6865 206d 6163 6869 6e65 2074 6f20 626f he machine to bo\n+00043b40: 6f74 2066 726f 6d20 6120 6469 6666 6572 ot from a differ\n+00043b50: 656e 740a 2861 7474 6163 6b65 722d 636f ent.(attacker-co\n+00043b60: 6e74 726f 6c6c 6564 2920 6465 7669 6365 ntrolled) device\n+00043b70: 2e20 2047 5255 4220 6973 2061 7420 6265 . GRUB is at be\n+00043b80: 7374 206f 6e6c 7920 6f6e 6520 6c69 6e6b st only one link\n+00043b90: 2069 6e20 6120 7365 6375 7265 0a62 6f6f in a secure.boo\n+00043ba0: 7420 6368 6169 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 t chain.....File\n+00043bb0: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+00043bc0: 6465 3a20 5545 4649 2073 6563 7572 6520 de: UEFI secure \n+00043bd0: 626f 6f74 2061 6e64 2073 6869 6d2c 2020 boot and shim, \n+00043be0: 4e65 7874 3a20 5365 6375 7265 2042 6f6f Next: Secure Boo\n+00043bf0: 7420 4164 7661 6e63 6564 2054 6172 6765 t Advanced Targe\n+00043c00: 7469 6e67 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2055 7369 ting, Prev: Usi\n+00043c10: 6e67 2064 6967 6974 616c 2073 6967 6e61 ng digital signa\n+00043c20: 7475 7265 732c 2020 5570 3a20 5365 6375 tures, Up: Secu\n+00043c30: 7269 7479 0a0a 3139 2e33 2055 4546 4920 rity..19.3 UEFI \n+00043c40: 7365 6375 7265 2062 6f6f 7420 616e 6420 secure boot and \n+00043c50: 7368 696d 2073 7570 706f 7274 0a3d 3d3d shim support.===\n+00043c60: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n 00043c70: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00043c80: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 ===========..The\n-00043c90: 2047 5255 422c 2065 7863 6570 7420 7468 GRUB, except th\n-00043ca0: 6520 e280 9863 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 e ...chainloader\n-00043cb0: e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 642c 2077 6f72 ... command, wor\n-00043cc0: 6b73 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 5545 4649 ks with the UEFI\n-00043cd0: 2073 6563 7572 650a 626f 6f74 2061 6e64 secure.boot and\n-00043ce0: 2074 6865 2073 6869 6d2e 2020 5468 6973 the shim. This\n-00043cf0: 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e61 6c69 7479 2069 functionality i\n-00043d00: 7320 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 7468 s provided by th\n-00043d10: 6520 7368 696d 5f6c 6f63 6b0a 7665 7269 e shim_lock.veri\n-00043d20: 6669 6572 2e20 2049 7420 6973 2062 7569 fier. It is bui\n-00043d30: 6c74 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 e280 9863 lt into the ...c\n-00043d40: 6f72 652e 696d 67e2 8099 2061 6e64 2069 ore.img... and i\n-00043d50: 7320 7265 6769 7374 6572 6564 2069 6620 s registered if \n-00043d60: 7468 6520 5545 4649 0a73 6563 7572 6520 the UEFI.secure \n-00043d70: 626f 6f74 2069 7320 656e 6162 6c65 642e boot is enabled.\n-00043d80: 2020 5468 6520 e280 9873 6869 6d5f 6c6f The ...shim_lo\n-00043d90: 636b e280 9920 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2069 ck... variable i\n-00043da0: 7320 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 79e2 8099 s set to ...y...\n-00043db0: 2077 6865 6e0a 7368 696d 5f6c 6f63 6b20 when.shim_lock \n-00043dc0: 7665 7269 6669 6572 2069 7320 7265 6769 verifier is regi\n-00043dd0: 7374 6572 6564 2e20 2049 6620 6974 2069 stered. If it i\n-00043de0: 7320 6465 7369 7265 6420 746f 2075 7365 s desired to use\n-00043df0: 2055 4546 4920 7365 6375 7265 0a62 6f6f UEFI secure.boo\n-00043e00: 7420 7769 7468 6f75 7420 7368 696d 2c20 t without shim, \n-00043e10: 6f6e 6520 6361 6e20 6469 7361 626c 6520 one can disable \n-00043e20: 7368 696d 5f6c 6f63 6b20 6279 2064 6973 shim_lock by dis\n-00043e30: 6162 6c69 6e67 2073 6869 6d0a 7665 7269 abling shim.veri\n-00043e40: 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2077 6974 6820 4d6f fication with Mo\n-00043e50: 6b53 6253 7461 7465 2055 4546 4920 7661 kSbState UEFI va\n-00043e60: 7269 6162 6c65 206f 7220 6279 2062 7569 riable or by bui\n-00043e70: 6c64 696e 6720 6772 7562 2069 6d61 6765 lding grub image\n-00043e80: 0a77 6974 6820 e280 982d 2d64 6973 6162 .with ...--disab\n-00043e90: 6c65 2d73 6869 6d2d 6c6f 636b e280 9920 le-shim-lock... \n-00043ea0: 6f70 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 416c 6c20 option... All \n-00043eb0: 4752 5542 206d 6f64 756c 6573 206e 6f74 GRUB modules not\n-00043ec0: 2073 746f 7265 6420 696e 2074 6865 20e2 stored in the .\n-00043ed0: 8098 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 e280 992c 204f ..core.img..., O\n-00043ee0: 5320 6b65 726e 656c 732c 2041 4350 490a S kernels, ACPI.\n-00043ef0: 7461 626c 6573 2c20 4465 7669 6365 2054 tables, Device T\n-00043f00: 7265 6573 2c20 6574 632e 2020 6861 7665 rees, etc. have\n-00043f10: 2074 6f20 6265 2073 6967 6e65 642c 2065 to be signed, e\n-00043f20: 2e67 2c20 7573 696e 6720 5047 502e 0a41 .g, using PGP..A\n-00043f30: 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c6c 792c 2074 6865 dditionally, the\n-00043f40: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 7468 6174 2063 commands that c\n-00043f50: 616e 2062 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f20 7375 an be used to su\n-00043f60: 6276 6572 7420 7468 6520 5545 4649 2073 bvert the UEFI s\n-00043f70: 6563 7572 650a 626f 6f74 206d 6563 6861 ecure.boot mecha\n-00043f80: 6e69 736d 2c20 7375 6368 2061 7320 e280 nism, such as ..\n-00043f90: 9869 6f72 77e2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 .iorw... and ...\n-00043fa0: 6d65 6d72 77e2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 6e6f memrw... will no\n-00043fb0: 7420 6265 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2077 t be available w\n-00043fc0: 6865 6e0a 7468 6520 5545 4649 2073 6563 hen.the UEFI sec\n-00043fd0: 7572 6520 626f 6f74 2069 7320 656e 6162 ure boot is enab\n-00043fe0: 6c65 642e 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 646f led. This is do\n-00043ff0: 6e65 2066 6f72 2073 6563 7572 6974 7920 ne for security \n-00044000: 7265 6173 6f6e 7320 616e 640a 6172 6520 reasons and.are \n-00044010: 656e 666f 7263 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 enforced by the \n-00044020: 4752 5542 204c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e20 6d65 GRUB Lockdown me\n-00044030: 6368 616e 6973 6d20 282a 6e6f 7465 204c chanism (*note L\n-00044040: 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e3a 3a29 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 ockdown::).....F\n-00044050: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-00044060: 204e 6f64 653a 2053 6563 7572 6520 426f Node: Secure Bo\n-00044070: 6f74 2041 6476 616e 6365 6420 5461 7267 ot Advanced Targ\n-00044080: 6574 696e 672c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4d65 eting, Next: Me\n-00044090: 6173 7572 6564 2042 6f6f 742c 2020 5072 asured Boot, Pr\n-000440a0: 6576 3a20 5545 4649 2073 6563 7572 6520 ev: UEFI secure \n-000440b0: 626f 6f74 2061 6e64 2073 6869 6d2c 2020 boot and shim, \n-000440c0: 5570 3a20 5365 6375 7269 7479 0a0a 3139 Up: Security..19\n-000440d0: 2e34 2045 6d62 6564 6465 6420 696e 666f .4 Embedded info\n-000440e0: 726d 6174 696f 6e20 666f 7220 6765 6e65 rmation for gene\n-000440f0: 7261 7469 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 7220 6261 ration number ba\n-00044100: 7365 6420 7265 766f 6361 7469 6f6e 0a3d sed revocation.=\n+00043c80: 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 2047 5255 422c 2065 ===..The GRUB, e\n+00043c90: 7863 6570 7420 7468 6520 e280 9863 6861 xcept the ...cha\n+00043ca0: 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 e280 9920 636f 6d6d inloader... comm\n+00043cb0: 616e 642c 2077 6f72 6b73 2077 6974 6820 and, works with \n+00043cc0: 7468 6520 5545 4649 2073 6563 7572 650a the UEFI secure.\n+00043cd0: 626f 6f74 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2073 6869 boot and the shi\n+00043ce0: 6d2e 2020 5468 6973 2066 756e 6374 696f m. This functio\n+00043cf0: 6e61 6c69 7479 2069 7320 7072 6f76 6964 nality is provid\n+00043d00: 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 7368 696d 5f6c ed by the shim_l\n+00043d10: 6f63 6b0a 7665 7269 6669 6572 2e20 2049 ock.verifier. I\n+00043d20: 7420 6973 2062 7569 6c74 2069 6e74 6f20 t is built into \n+00043d30: 7468 6520 e280 9863 6f72 652e 696d 67e2 the ...core.img.\n+00043d40: 8099 2061 6e64 2069 7320 7265 6769 7374 .. and is regist\n+00043d50: 6572 6564 2069 6620 7468 6520 5545 4649 ered if the UEFI\n+00043d60: 0a73 6563 7572 6520 626f 6f74 2069 7320 .secure boot is \n+00043d70: 656e 6162 6c65 642e 2020 5468 6520 e280 enabled. The ..\n+00043d80: 9873 6869 6d5f 6c6f 636b e280 9920 7661 .shim_lock... va\n+00043d90: 7269 6162 6c65 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f riable is set to\n+00043da0: 20e2 8098 79e2 8099 2077 6865 6e0a 7368 ...y... when.sh\n+00043db0: 696d 5f6c 6f63 6b20 7665 7269 6669 6572 im_lock verifier\n+00043dc0: 2069 7320 7265 6769 7374 6572 6564 2e20 is registered. \n+00043dd0: 2049 6620 6974 2069 7320 6465 7369 7265 If it is desire\n+00043de0: 6420 746f 2075 7365 2055 4546 4920 7365 d to use UEFI se\n+00043df0: 6375 7265 0a62 6f6f 7420 7769 7468 6f75 cure.boot withou\n+00043e00: 7420 7368 696d 2c20 6f6e 6520 6361 6e20 t shim, one can \n+00043e10: 6469 7361 626c 6520 7368 696d 5f6c 6f63 disable shim_loc\n+00043e20: 6b20 6279 2064 6973 6162 6c69 6e67 2073 k by disabling s\n+00043e30: 6869 6d0a 7665 7269 6669 6361 7469 6f6e him.verification\n+00043e40: 2077 6974 6820 4d6f 6b53 6253 7461 7465 with MokSbState\n+00043e50: 2055 4546 4920 7661 7269 6162 6c65 206f UEFI variable o\n+00043e60: 7220 6279 2062 7569 6c64 696e 6720 6772 r by building gr\n+00043e70: 7562 2069 6d61 6765 0a77 6974 6820 e280 ub image.with ..\n+00043e80: 982d 2d64 6973 6162 6c65 2d73 6869 6d2d .--disable-shim-\n+00043e90: 6c6f 636b e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2e0a lock... option..\n+00043ea0: 0a20 2020 416c 6c20 4752 5542 206d 6f64 . All GRUB mod\n+00043eb0: 756c 6573 206e 6f74 2073 746f 7265 6420 ules not stored \n+00043ec0: 696e 2074 6865 20e2 8098 636f 7265 2e69 in the ...core.i\n+00043ed0: 6d67 e280 992c 204f 5320 6b65 726e 656c mg..., OS kernel\n+00043ee0: 732c 2041 4350 490a 7461 626c 6573 2c20 s, ACPI.tables, \n+00043ef0: 4465 7669 6365 2054 7265 6573 2c20 6574 Device Trees, et\n+00043f00: 632e 2020 6861 7665 2074 6f20 6265 2073 c. have to be s\n+00043f10: 6967 6e65 642c 2065 2e67 2c20 7573 696e igned, e.g, usin\n+00043f20: 6720 5047 502e 0a41 6464 6974 696f 6e61 g PGP..Additiona\n+00043f30: 6c6c 792c 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 lly, the command\n+00043f40: 7320 7468 6174 2063 616e 2062 6520 7573 s that can be us\n+00043f50: 6564 2074 6f20 7375 6276 6572 7420 7468 ed to subvert th\n+00043f60: 6520 5545 4649 2073 6563 7572 650a 626f e UEFI secure.bo\n+00043f70: 6f74 206d 6563 6861 6e69 736d 2c20 7375 ot mechanism, su\n+00043f80: 6368 2061 7320 e280 9869 6f72 77e2 8099 ch as ...iorw...\n+00043f90: 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 6d65 6d72 77e2 8099 and ...memrw...\n+00043fa0: 2077 696c 6c20 6e6f 7420 6265 2061 7661 will not be ava\n+00043fb0: 696c 6162 6c65 2077 6865 6e0a 7468 6520 ilable when.the \n+00043fc0: 5545 4649 2073 6563 7572 6520 626f 6f74 UEFI secure boot\n+00043fd0: 2069 7320 656e 6162 6c65 642e 2020 5468 is enabled. Th\n+00043fe0: 6973 2069 7320 646f 6e65 2066 6f72 2073 is is done for s\n+00043ff0: 6563 7572 6974 7920 7265 6173 6f6e 7320 ecurity reasons \n+00044000: 616e 640a 6172 6520 656e 666f 7263 6564 and.are enforced\n+00044010: 2062 7920 7468 6520 4752 5542 204c 6f63 by the GRUB Loc\n+00044020: 6b64 6f77 6e20 6d65 6368 616e 6973 6d20 kdown mechanism \n+00044030: 282a 6e6f 7465 204c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e3a (*note Lockdown:\n+00044040: 3a29 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 :).....File: gru\n+00044050: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2053 b.info, Node: S\n+00044060: 6563 7572 6520 426f 6f74 2041 6476 616e ecure Boot Advan\n+00044070: 6365 6420 5461 7267 6574 696e 672c 2020 ced Targeting, \n+00044080: 4e65 7874 3a20 4d65 6173 7572 6564 2042 Next: Measured B\n+00044090: 6f6f 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5545 4649 oot, Prev: UEFI\n+000440a0: 2073 6563 7572 6520 626f 6f74 2061 6e64 secure boot and\n+000440b0: 2073 6869 6d2c 2020 5570 3a20 5365 6375 shim, Up: Secu\n+000440c0: 7269 7479 0a0a 3139 2e34 2045 6d62 6564 rity..19.4 Embed\n+000440d0: 6465 6420 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 ded information \n+000440e0: 666f 7220 6765 6e65 7261 7469 6f6e 206e for generation n\n+000440f0: 756d 6265 7220 6261 7365 6420 7265 766f umber based revo\n+00044100: 6361 7469 6f6e 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d cation.=========\n 00044110: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n 00044120: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n 00044130: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00044140: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a ===============.\n-00044150: 0a54 6865 2053 6563 7572 6520 426f 6f74 .The Secure Boot\n-00044160: 2041 6476 616e 6365 6420 5461 7267 6574 Advanced Target\n-00044170: 696e 6720 2853 4241 5429 2069 7320 6120 ing (SBAT) is a \n-00044180: 6d65 6368 616e 6973 6d20 746f 2061 6c6c mechanism to all\n-00044190: 6f77 2074 6865 0a72 6576 6f63 6174 696f ow the.revocatio\n-000441a0: 6e20 6f66 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 7320 n of components \n-000441b0: 696e 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 7061 7468 in the boot path\n-000441c0: 2062 7920 7573 696e 6720 6765 6e65 7261 by using genera\n-000441d0: 7469 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 7273 0a65 6d62 tion numbers.emb\n-000441e0: 6564 6465 6420 696e 746f 2074 6865 2045 edded into the E\n-000441f0: 4649 2062 696e 6172 6965 732e 2020 5468 FI binaries. Th\n-00044200: 6520 5342 4154 206d 6574 6164 6174 6120 e SBAT metadata \n-00044210: 6973 206c 6f63 6174 6564 2069 6e20 616e is located in an\n-00044220: 0a2e 7362 6174 2064 6174 6120 7365 6374 ..sbat data sect\n-00044230: 696f 6e20 7468 6174 2068 6173 2073 6574 ion that has set\n-00044240: 206f 6620 5554 462d 3820 7374 7269 6e67 of UTF-8 string\n-00044250: 7320 6173 2063 6f6d 6d61 2d73 6570 6172 s as comma-separ\n-00044260: 6174 6564 0a76 616c 7565 7320 2843 5356 ated.values (CSV\n-00044270: 292e 2053 6565 203c 6874 7470 733a 2f2f ). See for.mo\n-000442b0: 7265 2064 6574 6169 6c73 2e0a 0a20 2020 re details... \n-000442c0: 546f 2061 6464 2061 2064 6174 6120 7365 To add a data se\n-000442d0: 6374 696f 6e20 636f 6e74 6169 6e69 6e67 ction containing\n-000442e0: 2074 6865 2053 4241 5420 696e 666f 726d the SBAT inform\n-000442f0: 6174 696f 6e20 696e 746f 2074 6865 0a62 ation into the.b\n-00044300: 696e 6172 792c 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2d2d inary, the ...--\n-00044310: 7362 6174 e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 206f sbat... option o\n-00044320: 6620 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 696d 6167 f ...grub-mkimag\n-00044330: 65e2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2073 686f e... command sho\n-00044340: 756c 6420 6265 2075 7365 642e 0a54 6865 uld be used..The\n-00044350: 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 206f 6620 6120 4353 content of a CS\n-00044360: 5620 6669 6c65 2c20 656e 636f 6465 6420 V file, encoded \n-00044370: 7769 7468 2055 5446 2d38 2c20 6973 2063 with UTF-8, is c\n-00044380: 6f70 6965 6420 6173 2069 7320 746f 2074 opied as is to t\n-00044390: 6865 0a2e 7362 6174 2064 6174 6120 7365 he..sbat data se\n-000443a0: 6374 696f 6e20 696e 746f 2074 6865 2067 ction into the g\n-000443b0: 656e 6572 6174 6564 2045 4649 2062 696e enerated EFI bin\n-000443c0: 6172 792e 2020 5468 6520 4353 5620 6669 ary. The CSV fi\n-000443d0: 6c65 2063 616e 2062 650a 7374 6f72 6564 le can be.stored\n-000443e0: 2061 6e79 7768 6572 6520 6f6e 2074 6865 anywhere on the\n-000443f0: 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d 2e0a 0a20 file system... \n-00044400: 2020 2020 6772 7562 2d6d 6b69 6d61 6765 grub-mkimage\n-00044410: 202d 4f20 7838 365f 3634 2d65 6669 202d -O x86_64-efi -\n-00044420: 6f20 6772 7562 7836 342e 6566 6920 2d70 o grubx64.efi -p\n-00044430: 2027 2874 6674 7029 2f67 7275 6227 202d '(tftp)/grub' -\n-00044440: 2d73 6261 7420 7362 6174 2e63 7376 2065 -sbat sbat.csv e\n-00044450: 6669 6e65 7420 7466 7470 0a0a 1f0a 4669 finet tftp....Fi\n-00044460: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-00044470: 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d65 6173 7572 6564 2042 Node: Measured B\n-00044480: 6f6f 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4c6f 636b oot, Next: Lock\n-00044490: 646f 776e 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2053 6563 down, Prev: Sec\n-000444a0: 7572 6520 426f 6f74 2041 6476 616e 6365 ure Boot Advance\n-000444b0: 6420 5461 7267 6574 696e 672c 2020 5570 d Targeting, Up\n-000444c0: 3a20 5365 6375 7269 7479 0a0a 3139 2e35 : Security..19.5\n-000444d0: 204d 6561 7375 7269 6e67 2062 6f6f 7420 Measuring boot \n-000444e0: 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 7473 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d components.=====\n+00044140: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 2053 6563 =======..The Sec\n+00044150: 7572 6520 426f 6f74 2041 6476 616e 6365 ure Boot Advance\n+00044160: 6420 5461 7267 6574 696e 6720 2853 4241 d Targeting (SBA\n+00044170: 5429 2069 7320 6120 6d65 6368 616e 6973 T) is a mechanis\n+00044180: 6d20 746f 2061 6c6c 6f77 2074 6865 0a72 m to allow the.r\n+00044190: 6576 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2063 6f6d evocation of com\n+000441a0: 706f 6e65 6e74 7320 696e 2074 6865 2062 ponents in the b\n+000441b0: 6f6f 7420 7061 7468 2062 7920 7573 696e oot path by usin\n+000441c0: 6720 6765 6e65 7261 7469 6f6e 206e 756d g generation num\n+000441d0: 6265 7273 0a65 6d62 6564 6465 6420 696e bers.embedded in\n+000441e0: 746f 2074 6865 2045 4649 2062 696e 6172 to the EFI binar\n+000441f0: 6965 732e 2020 5468 6520 5342 4154 206d ies. The SBAT m\n+00044200: 6574 6164 6174 6120 6973 206c 6f63 6174 etadata is locat\n+00044210: 6564 2069 6e20 616e 0a2e 7362 6174 2064 ed in an..sbat d\n+00044220: 6174 6120 7365 6374 696f 6e20 7468 6174 ata section that\n+00044230: 2068 6173 2073 6574 206f 6620 5554 462d has set of UTF-\n+00044240: 3820 7374 7269 6e67 7320 6173 2063 6f6d 8 strings as com\n+00044250: 6d61 2d73 6570 6172 6174 6564 0a76 616c ma-separated.val\n+00044260: 7565 7320 2843 5356 292e 2053 6565 203c ues (CSV). See <\n+00044270: 6874 7470 733a 2f2f 6769 7468 7562 2e63 https://github.c\n+00044280: 6f6d 2f72 6862 6f6f 742f 7368 696d 2f62 om/rhboot/shim/b\n+00044290: 6c6f 622f 6d61 696e 2f53 4241 542e 6d64 lob/main/SBAT.md\n+000442a0: 3e20 666f 720a 6d6f 7265 2064 6574 6169 > for.more detai\n+000442b0: 6c73 2e0a 0a20 2020 546f 2061 6464 2061 ls... To add a\n+000442c0: 2064 6174 6120 7365 6374 696f 6e20 636f data section co\n+000442d0: 6e74 6169 6e69 6e67 2074 6865 2053 4241 ntaining the SBA\n+000442e0: 5420 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 696e T information in\n+000442f0: 746f 2074 6865 0a62 696e 6172 792c 2074 to the.binary, t\n+00044300: 6865 20e2 8098 2d2d 7362 6174 e280 9920 he ...--sbat... \n+00044310: 6f70 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 e280 9867 7275 option of ...gru\n+00044320: 622d 6d6b 696d 6167 65e2 8099 2063 6f6d b-mkimage... com\n+00044330: 6d61 6e64 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2075 mand should be u\n+00044340: 7365 642e 0a54 6865 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 sed..The content\n+00044350: 206f 6620 6120 4353 5620 6669 6c65 2c20 of a CSV file, \n+00044360: 656e 636f 6465 6420 7769 7468 2055 5446 encoded with UTF\n+00044370: 2d38 2c20 6973 2063 6f70 6965 6420 6173 -8, is copied as\n+00044380: 2069 7320 746f 2074 6865 0a2e 7362 6174 is to the..sbat\n+00044390: 2064 6174 6120 7365 6374 696f 6e20 696e data section in\n+000443a0: 746f 2074 6865 2067 656e 6572 6174 6564 to the generated\n+000443b0: 2045 4649 2062 696e 6172 792e 2020 5468 EFI binary. Th\n+000443c0: 6520 4353 5620 6669 6c65 2063 616e 2062 e CSV file can b\n+000443d0: 650a 7374 6f72 6564 2061 6e79 7768 6572 e.stored anywher\n+000443e0: 6520 6f6e 2074 6865 2066 696c 6520 7379 e on the file sy\n+000443f0: 7374 656d 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 6772 7562 stem... grub\n+00044400: 2d6d 6b69 6d61 6765 202d 4f20 7838 365f -mkimage -O x86_\n+00044410: 3634 2d65 6669 202d 6f20 6772 7562 7836 64-efi -o grubx6\n+00044420: 342e 6566 6920 2d70 2027 2874 6674 7029 4.efi -p '(tftp)\n+00044430: 2f67 7275 6227 202d 2d73 6261 7420 7362 /grub' --sbat sb\n+00044440: 6174 2e63 7376 2065 6669 6e65 7420 7466 at.csv efinet tf\n+00044450: 7470 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 tp....File: grub\n+00044460: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d65 .info, Node: Me\n+00044470: 6173 7572 6564 2042 6f6f 742c 2020 4e65 asured Boot, Ne\n+00044480: 7874 3a20 4c6f 636b 646f 776e 2c20 2050 xt: Lockdown, P\n+00044490: 7265 763a 2053 6563 7572 6520 426f 6f74 rev: Secure Boot\n+000444a0: 2041 6476 616e 6365 6420 5461 7267 6574 Advanced Target\n+000444b0: 696e 672c 2020 5570 3a20 5365 6375 7269 ing, Up: Securi\n+000444c0: 7479 0a0a 3139 2e35 204d 6561 7375 7269 ty..19.5 Measuri\n+000444d0: 6e67 2062 6f6f 7420 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e ng boot componen\n+000444e0: 7473 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ts.=============\n 000444f0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00044500: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a49 6620 7468 =========..If th\n-00044510: 6520 7470 6d20 6d6f 6475 6c65 2069 7320 e tpm module is \n-00044520: 6c6f 6164 6564 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2070 loaded and the p\n-00044530: 6c61 7466 6f72 6d20 6861 7320 6120 5472 latform has a Tr\n-00044540: 7573 7465 6420 506c 6174 666f 726d 0a4d usted Platform.M\n-00044550: 6f64 756c 6520 696e 7374 616c 6c65 642c odule installed,\n-00044560: 2047 5255 4220 7769 6c6c 206c 6f67 2065 GRUB will log e\n-00044570: 6163 6820 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6578 6563 ach command exec\n-00044580: 7574 6564 2061 6e64 2065 6163 6820 6669 uted and each fi\n-00044590: 6c65 0a6c 6f61 6465 6420 696e 746f 2074 le.loaded into t\n-000445a0: 6865 2054 504d 2065 7665 6e74 206c 6f67 he TPM event log\n-000445b0: 2061 6e64 2065 7874 656e 6420 7468 6520 and extend the \n-000445c0: 5043 5220 7661 6c75 6573 2069 6e20 7468 PCR values in th\n-000445d0: 6520 5450 4d0a 636f 7272 6573 706f 6e64 e TPM.correspond\n-000445e0: 696e 676c 792e 2020 416c 6c20 6576 656e ingly. All even\n-000445f0: 7473 2077 696c 6c20 6265 206c 6f67 6765 ts will be logge\n-00044600: 6420 696e 746f 2074 6865 2050 4352 2064 d into the PCR d\n-00044610: 6573 6372 6962 6564 2062 656c 6f77 0a77 escribed below.w\n-00044620: 6974 6820 6120 7479 7065 206f 6620 4556 ith a type of EV\n-00044630: 5f49 504c 2061 6e64 2061 6e20 6576 656e _IPL and an even\n-00044640: 7420 6465 7363 7269 7074 696f 6e20 6173 t description as\n-00044650: 2064 6573 6372 6962 6564 2062 656c 6f77 described below\n-00044660: 2e0a 0a45 7665 6e74 2074 7970 6520 2020 ...Event type \n-00044670: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5043 5220 2020 PCR \n-00044680: 2020 4465 7363 7269 7074 696f 6e0a 2d2d Description.--\n+00044500: 3d0a 0a49 6620 7468 6520 7470 6d20 6d6f =..If the tpm mo\n+00044510: 6475 6c65 2069 7320 6c6f 6164 6564 2061 dule is loaded a\n+00044520: 6e64 2074 6865 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d20 nd the platform \n+00044530: 6861 7320 6120 5472 7573 7465 6420 506c has a Trusted Pl\n+00044540: 6174 666f 726d 0a4d 6f64 756c 6520 696e atform.Module in\n+00044550: 7374 616c 6c65 642c 2047 5255 4220 7769 stalled, GRUB wi\n+00044560: 6c6c 206c 6f67 2065 6163 6820 636f 6d6d ll log each comm\n+00044570: 616e 6420 6578 6563 7574 6564 2061 6e64 and executed and\n+00044580: 2065 6163 6820 6669 6c65 0a6c 6f61 6465 each file.loade\n+00044590: 6420 696e 746f 2074 6865 2054 504d 2065 d into the TPM e\n+000445a0: 7665 6e74 206c 6f67 2061 6e64 2065 7874 vent log and ext\n+000445b0: 656e 6420 7468 6520 5043 5220 7661 6c75 end the PCR valu\n+000445c0: 6573 2069 6e20 7468 6520 5450 4d0a 636f es in the TPM.co\n+000445d0: 7272 6573 706f 6e64 696e 676c 792e 2020 rrespondingly. \n+000445e0: 416c 6c20 6576 656e 7473 2077 696c 6c20 All events will \n+000445f0: 6265 206c 6f67 6765 6420 696e 746f 2074 be logged into t\n+00044600: 6865 2050 4352 2064 6573 6372 6962 6564 he PCR described\n+00044610: 2062 656c 6f77 0a77 6974 6820 6120 7479 below.with a ty\n+00044620: 7065 206f 6620 4556 5f49 504c 2061 6e64 pe of EV_IPL and\n+00044630: 2061 6e20 6576 656e 7420 6465 7363 7269 an event descri\n+00044640: 7074 696f 6e20 6173 2064 6573 6372 6962 ption as describ\n+00044650: 6564 2062 656c 6f77 2e0a 0a45 7665 6e74 ed below...Event\n+00044660: 2074 7970 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 type \n+00044670: 2020 5043 5220 2020 2020 4465 7363 7269 PCR Descri\n+00044680: 7074 696f 6e0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ption.----------\n 00044690: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n 000446a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n 000446b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n 000446c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000446d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 436f 6d6d 616e ---------.Comman\n-000446e0: 6420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 d \n-000446f0: 2038 2020 2020 2020 2041 6c6c 2065 7865 8 All exe\n-00044700: 6375 7465 6420 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2028 cuted commands (\n-00044710: 696e 636c 7564 696e 6720 7468 6f73 650a including those.\n+000446d0: 2d0a 436f 6d6d 616e 6420 2020 2020 2020 -.Command \n+000446e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2038 2020 2020 2020 8 \n+000446f0: 2041 6c6c 2065 7865 6375 7465 6420 636f All executed co\n+00044700: 6d6d 616e 6473 2028 696e 636c 7564 696e mmands (includin\n+00044710: 6720 7468 6f73 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 g those. \n 00044720: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00044730: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2066 f\n-00044740: 726f 6d20 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f rom configuratio\n-00044750: 6e20 6669 6c65 7329 2077 696c 6c20 6265 n files) will be\n-00044760: 206c 6f67 6765 640a 2020 2020 2020 2020 logged. \n-00044770: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00044780: 2020 2020 2020 2061 6e64 206d 6561 7375 and measu\n-00044790: 7265 6420 6173 2065 6e74 6572 6564 2077 red as entered w\n-000447a0: 6974 6820 6120 7072 6566 6978 206f 660a ith a prefix of.\n+00044730: 2020 2020 2020 2066 726f 6d20 636f 6e66 from conf\n+00044740: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 7329 iguration files)\n+00044750: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 206c 6f67 6765 640a will be logged.\n+00044760: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00044770: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2061 a\n+00044780: 6e64 206d 6561 7375 7265 6420 6173 2065 nd measured as e\n+00044790: 6e74 6572 6564 2077 6974 6820 6120 7072 ntered with a pr\n+000447a0: 6566 6978 206f 660a 2020 2020 2020 2020 efix of. \n 000447b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000447c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 \"\n-000447d0: 6772 7562 5f63 6d64 3a20 220a 4b65 726e grub_cmd: \".Kern\n-000447e0: 656c 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 206c 696e 6520 el command line \n-000447f0: 2020 2038 2020 2020 2020 2041 6e79 2063 8 Any c\n-00044800: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 206c 696e 6520 7061 7373 ommand line pass\n-00044810: 6564 2074 6f20 6120 6b65 726e 656c 2077 ed to a kernel w\n-00044820: 696c 6c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ill. \n-00044830: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00044840: 2020 2062 6520 6c6f 6767 6564 2061 6e64 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GRUB will no\n-00044a70: 7420 6d65 6173 7572 6520 6974 7320 6f77 t measure its ow\n-00044a80: 6e20 e280 9863 6f72 652e 696d 67e2 8099 n ...core.img...\n-00044a90: 202d 2069 7420 6973 2065 7870 6563 7465 - it is expecte\n-00044aa0: 6420 7468 6174 0a66 6972 6d77 6172 6520 d that.firmware \n-00044ab0: 7769 6c6c 2063 6172 7279 2074 6869 7320 will carry this \n-00044ac0: 6f75 742e 2020 4752 5542 2077 696c 6c20 out. GRUB will \n-00044ad0: 616c 736f 206e 6f74 2070 6572 666f 726d also not perform\n-00044ae0: 2061 6e79 0a6d 6561 7375 7265 6d65 6e74 any.measurement\n-00044af0: 7320 756e 7469 6c20 7468 6520 7470 6d20 s until the tpm \n-00044b00: 6d6f 6475 6c65 2069 7320 6c6f 6164 6564 module is loaded\n-00044b10: 2e20 2041 7320 7375 6368 2069 7420 6973 . As such it is\n-00044b20: 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6564 0a74 6861 recommended.tha\n-00044b30: 7420 7468 6520 7470 6d20 6d6f 6475 6c65 t the tpm module\n-00044b40: 2062 6520 6275 696c 7420 696e 746f 20e2 be built into .\n-00044b50: 8098 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 696e ..core.img... in\n-00044b60: 206f 7264 6572 2074 6f20 6176 6f69 6420 order to avoid \n-00044b70: 610a 706f 7465 6e74 6961 6c20 6761 7020 a.potential gap \n-00044b80: 696e 206d 6561 7375 7265 6d65 6e74 2062 in measurement b\n-00044b90: 6574 7765 656e 20e2 8098 636f 7265 2e69 etween ...core.i\n-00044ba0: 6d67 e280 9920 6265 696e 6720 6c6f 6164 mg... being load\n-00044bb0: 6564 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2074 706d 0a6d ed and the tpm.m\n-00044bc0: 6f64 756c 6520 6265 696e 6720 6c6f 6164 odule being load\n-00044bd0: 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 4d65 6173 7572 6564 ed... Measured\n-00044be0: 2062 6f6f 7420 6973 2063 7572 7265 6e74 boot is current\n-00044bf0: 6c79 206f 6e6c 7920 7375 7070 6f72 7465 ly only supporte\n-00044c00: 6420 6f6e 2045 4649 2061 6e64 2049 424d d on EFI and IBM\n-00044c10: 2049 4545 4531 3237 350a 506f 7765 7250 IEEE1275.PowerP\n-00044c20: 4320 706c 6174 666f 726d 732e 0a0a 1f0a C platforms.....\n-00044c30: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-00044c40: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4c6f 636b 646f 776e Node: Lockdown\n-00044c50: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 204d 6561 7375 7265 , Prev: Measure\n-00044c60: 6420 426f 6f74 2c20 2055 703a 2053 6563 d Boot, Up: Sec\n-00044c70: 7572 6974 790a 0a31 392e 3620 4c6f 636b urity..19.6 Lock\n-00044c80: 646f 776e 2077 6865 6e20 626f 6f74 696e down when bootin\n-00044c90: 6720 6f6e 2061 2073 6563 7572 6520 7365 g on a secure se\n-00044ca0: 7475 700a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d tup.============\n+00044990: 220a 4669 6c65 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 \".Files \n+000449a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2039 2020 2020 2020 9 \n+000449b0: 2041 6e79 2066 696c 6520 7265 6164 2062 Any file read b\n+000449c0: 7920 4752 5542 2077 696c 6c20 6265 206c y GRUB will be l\n+000449d0: 6f67 6765 6420 616e 640a 2020 2020 2020 ogged and. \n+000449e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000449f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206d 6561 7375 7265 measure\n+00044a00: 6420 7769 7468 2061 2064 6573 6372 6970 d with a descrip\n+00044a10: 7469 7665 2074 6578 740a 2020 2020 2020 tive text. \n+00044a20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00044a30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 6f72 7265 7370 corresp\n+00044a40: 6f6e 6469 6e67 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6669 onding to the fi\n+00044a50: 6c65 6e61 6d65 2e0a 0a20 2020 4752 5542 lename... 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On a lo\n-00044d50: 636b 6564 2064 6f77 6e0a 636f 6e66 6967 cked down.config\n-00044d60: 7572 6174 696f 6e2c 2074 6865 2047 5255 uration, the GRU\n-00044d70: 4220 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 7265 7374 7269 B will be restri\n-00044d80: 6374 6564 2061 6e64 2073 6f6d 6520 6f70 cted and some op\n-00044d90: 6572 6174 696f 6e73 2f63 6f6d 6d61 6e64 erations/command\n-00044da0: 730a 6361 6e6e 6f74 2062 6520 6578 6563 s.cannot be exec\n-00044db0: 7574 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 e280 uted... The ..\n-00044dc0: 986c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6ee2 8099 2076 6172 .lockdown... var\n-00044dd0: 6961 626c 6520 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f20 iable is set to \n-00044de0: e280 9879 e280 9920 7768 656e 2074 6865 ...y... when the\n-00044df0: 2047 5255 4220 6973 206c 6f63 6b65 6420 GRUB is locked \n-00044e00: 646f 776e 2e0a 4f74 6865 7277 6973 6520 down..Otherwise \n-00044e10: 6974 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 6578 6974 it does not exit\n-00044e20: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-00044e30: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2050 6c61 info, Node: Pla\n-00044e40: 7466 6f72 6d20 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e tform limitation\n-00044e50: 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 506c 6174 666f s, Next: Platfo\n-00044e60: 726d 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 6f70 6572 rm-specific oper\n-00044e70: 6174 696f 6e73 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2053 ations, Prev: S\n-00044e80: 6563 7572 6974 792c 2020 5570 3a20 546f ecurity, Up: To\n-00044e90: 700a 0a32 3020 506c 6174 666f 726d 206c p..20 Platform l\n-00044ea0: 696d 6974 6174 696f 6e73 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a imitations.*****\n-00044eb0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-00044ec0: 2a2a 0a0a 4752 5542 3220 6973 2064 6573 **..GRUB2 is des\n-00044ed0: 6967 6e65 6420 746f 2062 6520 706f 7274 igned to be port\n-00044ee0: 6162 6c65 2061 6e64 2069 7320 6163 7475 able and is actu\n-00044ef0: 616c 6c79 2070 6f72 7465 6420 6163 726f ally ported acro\n-00044f00: 7373 0a70 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2e20 2057 ss.platforms. 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All platfor\n-00044fc0: 6d73 2068 6176 6520 616e 2061 7274 6966 ms have an artif\n-00044fd0: 6963 6961 6c6c 7920 4752 5542 2069 6d70 icially GRUB imp\n-00044fe0: 6f73 6564 2064 6973 6b20 7369 7a65 2072 osed disk size r\n-00044ff0: 6573 7472 6963 7469 6f6e 0a6f 6620 3120 estriction.of 1 \n-00045000: 4569 422e 2049 6e20 736f 6d65 2063 6173 EiB. In some cas\n-00045010: 6573 2c20 6c61 7267 6572 2064 6973 6b20 es, larger disk \n-00045020: 7369 7a65 7320 6361 6e20 6265 2075 7365 sizes can be use\n-00045030: 642c 2062 7574 2061 6363 6573 7320 7769 d, but access wi\n-00045040: 6c6c 0a6e 6f74 2062 6520 616c 6c6f 7765 ll.not be allowe\n-00045050: 6420 6265 796f 6e64 2031 2045 6942 2e0a d beyond 1 EiB..\n-00045060: 0a20 2020 4c55 4b53 3220 6465 7669 6365 . LUKS2 device\n-00045070: 7320 7769 7468 2073 697a 6520 6c61 7267 s with size larg\n-00045080: 6572 2074 6861 6e20 3136 2045 6942 2061 er than 16 EiB a\n-00045090: 7265 2063 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 206e 6f74 re currently not\n-000450a0: 0a73 7570 706f 7274 6564 2e20 2054 6865 .supported. The\n-000450b0: 7920 6361 6e20 6e6f 7420 6265 2063 7265 y can not be cre\n-000450c0: 6174 6564 2061 7320 6372 7970 746f 2064 ated as crypto d\n-000450d0: 6576 6963 6573 2062 7920 6372 7970 746f evices by crypto\n-000450e0: 6d6f 756e 742c 2073 6f0a 6361 6e20 6e6f mount, so.can no\n-000450f0: 7420 6576 656e 2062 6520 7061 7274 6961 t even be partia\n-00045100: 6c6c 7920 7265 6164 2066 726f 6d2e 2020 lly read from. \n-00045110: 4c55 4b53 2068 6176 6520 6e6f 206c 696d LUKS have no lim\n-00045120: 6974 6174 696f 6e73 206f 7468 6572 0a74 itations other.t\n-00045130: 6861 6e20 7468 6f73 6520 696d 706f 7365 han those impose\n-00045140: 6420 6279 2074 6865 2066 6f72 6d61 742e d by the format.\n-00045150: 0a0a 2020 2041 5243 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 .. ARC platfor\n-00045160: 6d20 6973 2075 6e61 626c 6520 746f 2063 m is unable to c\n-00045170: 6861 6e67 6520 6461 7465 7469 6d65 2028 hange datetime (\n-00045180: 6669 726d 7761 7265 2064 6f65 736e 2774 firmware doesn't\n-00045190: 2073 6565 6d20 746f 0a70 726f 7669 6465 seem to.provide\n-000451a0: 2061 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e20 666f 7220 a function for \n-000451b0: 6974 292e 2020 454d 5520 6861 7320 7369 it). EMU has si\n-000451c0: 6d69 6c61 7220 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e milar limitation\n-000451d0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 4f6e 2045 4d55 2070 6c61 ... On EMU pla\n-000451e0: 7466 6f72 6d20 6e6f 2073 6572 6961 6c20 tform no serial \n-000451f0: 706f 7274 2069 7320 6176 6169 6c61 626c port is availabl\n-00045200: 652e 0a0a 2020 2043 6f6e 736f 6c65 2063 e... Console c\n-00045210: 6861 7273 6574 2072 6566 6572 7320 6f6e harset refers on\n-00045220: 6c79 2074 6f20 6669 726d 7761 7265 2d61 ly to firmware-a\n-00045230: 7373 6973 7465 6420 636f 6e73 6f6c 652e ssisted console.\n-00045240: 2020 6766 7874 6572 6d20 6973 0a61 6c77 gfxterm is.alw\n-00045250: 6179 7320 556e 6963 6f64 6520 2873 6565 ays Unicode (see\n-00045260: 2049 6e74 6572 6e61 7469 6f6e 616c 6973 Internationalis\n-00045270: 6174 696f 6e20 7365 6374 696f 6e20 666f ation section fo\n-00045280: 7220 6974 7320 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e r its limitation\n-00045290: 7329 2e0a 5365 7269 616c 2069 7320 636f s)..Serial is co\n-000452a0: 6e66 6967 7572 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 5554 nfigurable to UT\n-000452b0: 462d 3820 6f72 2041 5343 4949 2028 7365 F-8 or ASCII (se\n-000452c0: 6520 496e 7465 726e 6174 696f 6e61 6c69 e Internationali\n-000452d0: 7361 7469 6f6e 292e 2020 496e 0a63 6173 sation). In.cas\n-000452e0: 6520 6f66 2071 656d 7520 616e 6420 636f e of qemu and co\n-000452f0: 7265 626f 6f74 2070 6f72 7473 2074 6865 reboot ports the\n-00045300: 2072 6566 6572 6564 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 refered console\n-00045310: 2069 7320 7667 615f 7465 7874 2e0a 4c6f is vga_text..Lo\n-00045320: 6f6e 6773 6f6e 2061 6c77 6179 7320 7573 ongson always us\n-00045330: 6573 2067 6678 7465 726d 2e0a 0a20 2020 es gfxterm... \n-00045340: 4d6f 7374 206c 696d 6974 6564 206f 6e65 Most limited one\n-00045350: 2069 7320 4153 4349 492e 2043 5034 3337 is ASCII. CP437\n-00045360: 2070 726f 7669 6465 7320 6164 6469 7469 provides additi\n-00045370: 6f6e 616c 6c79 0a70 7365 7564 6f67 7261 onally.pseudogra\n-00045380: 7068 6963 732e 2020 4752 5542 3220 646f phics. GRUB2 do\n-00045390: 6573 6e27 7420 7573 6520 616e 7920 6c61 esn't use any la\n-000453a0: 6e67 7561 6765 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 nguage character\n-000453b0: 7320 6672 6f6d 2043 5034 3337 2061 730a s from CP437 as.\n-000453c0: 6f66 7465 6e20 4350 3433 3720 6973 2072 often CP437 is r\n-000453d0: 6570 6c61 6365 6420 6279 206e 6174 696f eplaced by natio\n-000453e0: 6e61 6c20 656e 636f 6469 6e67 2063 6f6d nal encoding com\n-000453f0: 7061 7469 626c 6520 6f6e 6c79 2069 6e0a patible only in.\n-00045400: 7073 6575 646f 6772 6170 6869 6373 2e20 pseudographics. \n-00045410: 2055 6e69 636f 6465 2069 7320 7468 6520 Unicode is the \n-00045420: 6d6f 7374 2076 6572 7361 7469 6c65 2063 most versatile c\n-00045430: 6861 7273 6574 2077 6869 6368 2073 7570 harset which sup\n-00045440: 706f 7274 730a 6d61 6e79 206c 616e 6775 ports.many langu\n-00045450: 6167 6573 2e20 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2074 ages. However t\n-00045460: 6865 2061 6374 7561 6c20 636f 6e73 6f6c he actual consol\n-00045470: 6520 6d61 7920 6265 206d 7563 6820 6d6f e may be much mo\n-00045480: 7265 206c 696d 6974 6564 0a64 6570 656e re limited.depen\n-00045490: 6469 6e67 206f 6e20 6669 726d 7761 7265 ding on firmware\n-000454a0: 0a0a 2020 204f 6e20 4249 4f53 2c20 6e65 .. On BIOS, ne\n-000454b0: 7477 6f72 6b20 6973 2073 7570 706f 7274 twork is support\n-000454c0: 6564 206f 6e6c 7920 6966 2074 6865 2069 ed only if the i\n-000454d0: 6d61 6765 2069 7320 6c6f 6164 6564 2074 mage is loaded t\n-000454e0: 6872 6f75 6768 0a6e 6574 776f 726b 2e20 hrough.network. \n-000454f0: 204f 6e20 7370 6172 6336 342c 2047 5255 On sparc64, GRU\n-00045500: 4220 6973 2075 6e61 626c 6520 746f 2064 B is unable to d\n-00045510: 6574 6572 6d69 6e65 2077 6869 6368 2073 etermine which s\n-00045520: 6572 7665 7220 6974 2077 6173 0a62 6f6f erver it was.boo\n-00045530: 7465 6420 6672 6f6d 2e0a 0a20 2020 4469 ted from... Di\n-00045540: 7265 6374 2041 5441 2f41 4843 4920 7375 rect ATA/AHCI su\n-00045550: 7070 6f72 7420 616c 6c6f 7773 2074 6f20 pport allows to \n-00045560: 6369 7263 756d 7665 6e74 2076 6172 696f circumvent vario\n-00045570: 7573 2066 6972 6d77 6172 650a 6c69 6d69 us firmware.limi\n-00045580: 7461 7469 6f6e 7320 6275 7420 6973 6e27 tations but isn'\n-00045590: 7420 6e65 6564 6564 2066 6f72 206e 6f72 t needed for nor\n-000455a0: 6d61 6c20 6f70 6572 6174 696f 6e20 6578 mal operation ex\n-000455b0: 6365 7074 206f 6e20 6261 7265 6d65 7461 cept on baremeta\n-000455c0: 6c0a 706f 7274 732e 0a0a 2020 2041 5420 l.ports... AT \n-000455d0: 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 2073 7570 706f 7274 keyboard support\n-000455e0: 2061 6c6c 6f77 7320 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 allows keyboard\n-000455f0: 206c 6179 6f75 7420 7265 6d61 7070 696e layout remappin\n-00045600: 6720 616e 6420 7375 7070 6f72 7420 666f g and support fo\n-00045610: 720a 6b65 7973 206e 6f74 2061 7661 696c r.keys not avail\n-00045620: 6162 6c65 2074 6872 6f75 6768 2066 6972 able through fir\n-00045630: 6d77 6172 652e 2020 4974 2069 736e 2774 mware. It isn't\n-00045640: 206e 6565 6465 6420 666f 7220 6e6f 726d needed for norm\n-00045650: 616c 0a6f 7065 7261 7469 6f6e 2065 7863 al.operation exc\n-00045660: 6570 7420 6261 7265 6d65 7461 6c20 706f ept baremetal po\n-00045670: 7274 732e 0a0a 2020 2053 7065 616b 6572 rts... Speaker\n-00045680: 2061 6c6c 6f77 7320 6d6f 7273 6520 616e allows morse an\n-00045690: 6420 7370 6b6d 6f64 656d 2063 6f6d 6d75 d spkmodem commu\n-000456a0: 6e69 6361 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 5553 nication... US\n-000456b0: 4220 7375 7070 6f72 7420 7072 6f76 6964 B support provid\n-000456c0: 6573 2062 656e 6566 6974 7320 7369 6d69 es benefits simi\n-000456d0: 6c61 7220 746f 2041 5441 2028 666f 7220 lar to ATA (for \n-000456e0: 5553 4220 6469 736b 7329 206f 7220 4154 USB disks) or AT\n-000456f0: 0a28 666f 7220 5553 4220 6b65 7962 6f61 .(for USB keyboa\n-00045700: 7264 7329 2e20 2049 6e20 6164 6469 7469 rds). In additi\n-00045710: 6f6e 2069 7420 616c 6c6f 7773 2055 5342 on it allows USB\n-00045720: 7365 7269 616c 2e0a 0a20 2020 4368 6169 serial... Chai\n-00045730: 6e6c 6f61 6469 6e67 2072 6566 6572 7320 nloading refers \n-00045740: 746f 2074 6865 2061 6269 6c69 7479 2074 to the ability t\n-00045750: 6f20 6c6f 6164 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 2062 o load another b\n-00045760: 6f6f 746c 6f61 6465 7220 7468 726f 7567 ootloader throug\n-00045770: 680a 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2070 726f 746f h.the same proto\n-00045780: 636f 6c0a 0a20 2020 4869 6e74 7320 616c col.. Hints al\n-00045790: 6c6f 7720 6661 7374 6572 2064 6973 6b20 low faster disk \n-000457a0: 6469 7363 6f76 6572 7920 6279 2061 6c72 discovery by alr\n-000457b0: 6561 6479 206b 6e6f 7769 6e67 2069 6e20 eady knowing in \n-000457c0: 6164 7661 6e63 6520 7768 6963 680a 6973 advance which.is\n-000457d0: 2074 6865 2064 6973 6b20 696e 2071 7565 the disk in que\n-000457e0: 7374 696f 6e2e 2020 4f6e 2073 6f6d 6520 stion. On some \n-000457f0: 706c 6174 666f 726d 7320 6869 6e74 7320 platforms hints \n-00045800: 6172 6520 636f 7272 6563 7420 756e 6c65 are correct unle\n-00045810: 7373 2079 6f75 0a6d 6f76 6520 7468 6520 ss you.move the \n-00045820: 6469 736b 2062 6574 7765 656e 2062 6f6f disk between boo\n-00045830: 7473 2e20 204f 6e20 6f74 6865 7220 706c ts. On other pl\n-00045840: 6174 666f 726d 7320 6974 2773 206a 7573 atforms it's jus\n-00045850: 7420 616e 2065 6475 6361 7465 640a 6775 t an educated.gu\n-00045860: 6573 732e 2020 4e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 ess. Note that \n-00045870: 6869 6e74 2066 6169 6c75 7265 2072 6573 hint failure res\n-00045880: 756c 7473 2069 6e20 6a75 7374 2072 6564 ults in just red\n-00045890: 7563 6564 2070 6572 666f 726d 616e 6365 uced performance\n-000458a0: 2c20 6e6f 740a 6120 6661 696c 7572 650a , not.a failure.\n-000458b0: 0a20 2020 4261 6452 414d 2069 7320 7468 . BadRAM is th\n-000458c0: 6520 6162 696c 6974 7920 746f 206d 6172 e ability to mar\n-000458d0: 6b20 736f 6d65 206f 6620 7468 6520 5241 k some of the RA\n-000458e0: 4d20 6173 2022 6261 6422 2e20 204e 6f74 M as \"bad\". Not\n-000458f0: 653a 2064 7565 2074 6f0a 7072 6f74 6f63 e: due to.protoc\n-00045900: 6f6c 206c 696d 6974 6174 696f 6e73 206d ol limitations m\n-00045910: 6970 732d 6c6f 6f6e 6773 6f6e 2028 7769 ips-loongson (wi\n-00045920: 7468 204c 696e 7578 2070 726f 746f 636f th Linux protoco\n-00045930: 6c29 2061 6e64 0a6d 6970 732d 7165 6d75 l) and.mips-qemu\n-00045940: 5f6d 6970 7320 6361 6e20 7573 6520 6f6e _mips can use on\n-00045950: 6c79 206d 656d 6f72 7920 7570 2074 6f20 ly memory up to \n-00045960: 6669 7273 7420 686f 6c65 2e0a 0a20 2020 first hole... \n-00045970: 426f 6f74 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 Bootlocation is \n-00045980: 6162 696c 6974 7920 6f66 2047 5255 4220 ability of GRUB \n-00045990: 746f 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 6c79 to automatically\n-000459a0: 2064 6574 6563 7420 7768 6572 6520 6974 detect where it\n-000459b0: 0a62 6f6f 7473 2066 726f 6d2e 2020 2264 .boots from. \"d\n-000459c0: 6973 6b22 206d 6561 6e73 2074 6865 2064 isk\" means the d\n-000459d0: 6574 6563 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 6c69 6d69 etection is limi\n-000459e0: 7465 6420 746f 2064 6574 6563 7469 6e67 ted to detecting\n-000459f0: 2074 6865 2064 6973 6b0a 7769 7468 2070 the disk.with p\n-00045a00: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2062 6569 6e67 2064 artition being d\n-00045a10: 6973 636f 7665 7265 6420 6f6e 2069 6e73 iscovered on ins\n-00045a20: 7461 6c6c 2074 696d 652e 2020 2270 6172 tall time. \"par\n-00045a30: 7469 7469 6f6e 2220 6d65 616e 7320 7468 tition\" means th\n-00045a40: 6174 0a64 6973 6b20 616e 6420 7061 7274 at.disk and part\n-00045a50: 6974 6f6e 2063 616e 2062 6520 6175 746f iton can be auto\n-00045a60: 6d61 7469 6361 6c6c 7920 6469 7363 6f76 matically discov\n-00045a70: 6572 6564 2e20 2022 6669 6c65 2220 6d65 ered. \"file\" me\n-00045a80: 616e 7320 7468 6174 0a62 6f6f 7420 696d ans that.boot im\n-00045a90: 6167 6520 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 6173 age file name as\n-00045aa0: 2077 656c 6c20 6173 2064 6973 6b20 616e well as disk an\n-00045ab0: 6420 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6361 6e20 d partition can \n-00045ac0: 6265 2064 6973 636f 7665 7265 642e 0a46 be discovered..F\n-00045ad0: 6f72 2063 6f6e 7369 7374 656e 6379 2c20 or consistency, \n-00045ae0: 6465 6661 756c 7420 696e 7374 616c 6c20 default install \n-00045af0: 6967 6e6f 7265 7320 7061 7274 6974 696f ignores partitio\n-00045b00: 6e20 616e 6420 7265 6c69 6573 2073 6f6c n and relies sol\n-00045b10: 656c 7920 6f6e 0a64 6973 6b20 6465 7465 ely on.disk dete\n-00045b20: 6374 696f 6e2e 2020 4966 206e 6f20 626f ction. If no bo\n-00045b30: 6f74 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 2064 6973 636f otlocation disco\n-00045b40: 7665 7279 2069 7320 6176 6169 6c61 626c very is availabl\n-00045b50: 6520 6f72 2062 6f6f 7420 616e 640a 6772 e or boot and.gr\n-00045b60: 7562 2d72 6f6f 7420 6469 736b 7320 6172 ub-root disks ar\n-00045b70: 6520 6469 6666 6572 656e 742c 2055 5549 e different, UUI\n-00045b80: 4420 6973 2075 7365 6420 696e 7374 6561 D is used instea\n-00045b90: 642e 2020 4f6e 2041 5243 2069 6620 6e6f d. On ARC if no\n-00045ba0: 0a64 6576 6963 6520 746f 2069 6e73 7461 .device to insta\n-00045bb0: 6c6c 2074 6f20 6973 2073 7065 6369 6669 ll to is specifi\n-00045bc0: 6564 2c20 5555 4944 2069 7320 7573 6564 ed, UUID is used\n-00045bd0: 2069 6e73 7465 6164 2061 7320 7765 6c6c instead as well\n-00045be0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ... \n-00045bf0: 2020 4249 4f53 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 BIOS \n-00045c00: 2043 6f72 6562 6f6f 7420 2020 2020 2020 Coreboot \n-00045c10: 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 2020 2020 2051 Multiboot Q\n-00045c20: 656d 750a 7669 6465 6f20 2020 2020 2020 emu.video \n-00045c30: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00045c40: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00045c50: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00045c60: 7965 730a 636f 6e73 6f6c 6520 2020 2020 yes.console \n-00045c70: 2020 2043 5034 3337 2020 2020 2020 2020 CP437 \n-00045c80: 2020 4350 3433 3720 2020 2020 2020 2020 CP437 \n-00045c90: 2043 5034 3337 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 CP437 \n-00045ca0: 4350 3433 370a 6368 6172 7365 740a 6e65 CP437.charset.ne\n-00045cb0: 7477 6f72 6b20 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 twork yes\n-00045cc0: 2028 2a29 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 (*) no \n-00045cd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 no \n-00045ce0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a41 5441 no.ATA\n-00045cf0: 2f41 4843 4920 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 /AHCI yes \n-00045d00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 yes \n-00045d10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 yes \n-00045d20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a41 5420 yes.AT \n-00045d30: 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 2020 2020 7965 7320 keyboard yes \n-00045d40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 yes \n-00045d50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 yes \n-00045d60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a53 7065 yes.Spe\n-00045d70: 616b 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 aker yes \n-00045d80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 yes \n-00045d90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 yes \n-00045da0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a55 5342 yes.USB\n-00045db0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 yes \n-00045dc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 yes \n-00045dd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 yes \n-00045de0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a63 6861 yes.cha\n-00045df0: 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 2020 6c6f 6361 inloader loca\n-00045e00: 6c20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 l yes \n-00045e10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 yes \n-00045e20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 6370 7569 no.cpui\n-00045e30: 6420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 6172 7469 d parti\n-00045e40: 616c 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 7274 6961 al partia\n-00045e50: 6c20 2020 2020 2020 2070 6172 7469 616c l partial\n-00045e60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 7274 6961 6c0a partial.\n-00045e70: 7264 6d73 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 rdmsr p\n-00045e80: 6172 7469 616c 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 artial pa\n-00045e90: 7274 6961 6c20 2020 2020 2020 2070 6172 rtial par\n-00045ea0: 7469 616c 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 7274 tial part\n-00045eb0: 6961 6c0a 7772 6d73 7220 2020 2020 2020 ial.wrmsr \n-00045ec0: 2020 2070 6172 7469 616c 2020 2020 2020 partial \n-00045ed0: 2020 7061 7274 6961 6c20 2020 2020 2020 partial \n-00045ee0: 2070 6172 7469 616c 2020 2020 2020 2020 partial \n-00045ef0: 7061 7274 6961 6c0a 6869 6e74 7320 2020 partial.hints \n-00045f00: 2020 2020 2020 2067 7565 7373 2020 2020 guess \n-00045f10: 2020 2020 2020 6775 6573 7320 2020 2020 guess \n-00045f20: 2020 2020 2067 7565 7373 2020 2020 2020 guess \n-00045f30: 2020 2020 6775 6573 730a 5043 4920 2020 guess.PCI \n-00045f40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 yes \n-00045f50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 yes \n-00045f60: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00045f70: 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a 6261 6472 616d yes.badram\n-00045f80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 yes \n-00045f90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 yes \n-00045fa0: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00045fb0: 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a 636f 6d70 7265 yes.compre\n-00045fc0: 7373 696f 6e20 2020 2061 6c77 6179 7320 ssion always \n-00045fd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 706f 696e 746c 6573 pointles\n-00045fe0: 7320 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 s no \n-00045ff0: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a65 7869 7420 2020 no.exit \n-00046000: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 yes \n-00046010: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046020: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046030: 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 626f 6f74 6c6f 6361 no.bootloca\n-00046040: 7469 6f6e 2020 2064 6973 6b20 2020 2020 tion disk \n-00046050: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046060: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046070: 2020 2020 6e6f 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 no.. \n-00046080: 2020 2020 2020 2069 6133 3220 4546 4920 ia32 EFI \n-00046090: 2020 2020 2020 616d 6436 3420 4546 4920 amd64 EFI \n-000460a0: 2020 2020 2069 6133 3220 2020 2020 2020 ia32 \n-000460b0: 2020 2020 4974 616e 6975 6d0a 2020 2020 Itanium. \n+00044cc0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 4752 ========..The GR\n+00044cd0: 5542 2063 616e 2062 6520 6c6f 636b 6564 UB can be locked\n+00044ce0: 2064 6f77 6e20 7768 656e 2062 6f6f 7465 down when boote\n+00044cf0: 6420 6f6e 2061 2073 6563 7572 6520 626f d on a secure bo\n+00044d00: 6f74 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2c0a ot environment,.\n+00044d10: 666f 7220 6578 616d 706c 6520 6966 2074 for example if t\n+00044d20: 6865 2055 4546 4920 7365 6375 7265 2062 he UEFI secure b\n+00044d30: 6f6f 7420 6973 2065 6e61 626c 6564 2e20 oot is enabled. \n+00044d40: 204f 6e20 6120 6c6f 636b 6564 2064 6f77 On a locked dow\n+00044d50: 6e0a 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e2c n.configuration,\n+00044d60: 2074 6865 2047 5255 4220 7769 6c6c 2062 the GRUB will b\n+00044d70: 6520 7265 7374 7269 6374 6564 2061 6e64 e restricted and\n+00044d80: 2073 6f6d 6520 6f70 6572 6174 696f 6e73 some operations\n+00044d90: 2f63 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 6361 6e6e 6f74 /commands.cannot\n+00044da0: 2062 6520 6578 6563 7574 6564 2e0a 0a20 be executed... \n+00044db0: 2020 5468 6520 e280 986c 6f63 6b64 6f77 The ...lockdow\n+00044dc0: 6ee2 8099 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6973 n... variable is\n+00044dd0: 2073 6574 2074 6f20 e280 9879 e280 9920 set to ...y... \n+00044de0: 7768 656e 2074 6865 2047 5255 4220 6973 when the GRUB is\n+00044df0: 206c 6f63 6b65 6420 646f 776e 2e0a 4f74 locked down..Ot\n+00044e00: 6865 7277 6973 6520 6974 2064 6f65 7320 herwise it does \n+00044e10: 6e6f 7420 6578 6974 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c not exit.....Fil\n+00044e20: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+00044e30: 6f64 653a 2050 6c61 7466 6f72 6d20 6c69 ode: Platform li\n+00044e40: 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e 732c 2020 4e65 7874 mitations, Next\n+00044e50: 3a20 506c 6174 666f 726d 2d73 7065 6369 : Platform-speci\n+00044e60: 6669 6320 6f70 6572 6174 696f 6e73 2c20 fic operations, \n+00044e70: 2050 7265 763a 2053 6563 7572 6974 792c Prev: Security,\n+00044e80: 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a32 3020 506c Up: Top..20 Pl\n+00044e90: 6174 666f 726d 206c 696d 6974 6174 696f atform limitatio\n+00044ea0: 6e73 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ns.*************\n+00044eb0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 4752 5542 **********..GRUB\n+00044ec0: 3220 6973 2064 6573 6967 6e65 6420 746f 2 is designed to\n+00044ed0: 2062 6520 706f 7274 6162 6c65 2061 6e64 be portable and\n+00044ee0: 2069 7320 6163 7475 616c 6c79 2070 6f72 is actually por\n+00044ef0: 7465 6420 6163 726f 7373 0a70 6c61 7466 ted across.platf\n+00044f00: 6f72 6d73 2e20 2057 6520 7472 7920 746f orms. We try to\n+00044f10: 206b 6565 7020 616c 6c20 706c 6174 666f keep all platfo\n+00044f20: 726d 7320 6174 2074 6865 206c 6576 656c rms at the level\n+00044f30: 2e20 2055 6e66 6f72 7475 6e61 7465 6c79 . Unfortunately\n+00044f40: 0a73 6f6d 6520 706c 6174 666f 726d 7320 .some platforms \n+00044f50: 6172 6520 6265 7474 6572 2073 7570 706f are better suppo\n+00044f60: 7274 6564 2074 6861 6e20 6f74 6865 7273 rted than others\n+00044f70: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 2064 6574 6169 . This is detai\n+00044f80: 6c65 6420 696e 0a63 7572 7265 6e74 2061 led in.current a\n+00044f90: 6e64 2032 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2073 nd 2 following s\n+00044fa0: 6563 7469 6f6e 732e 0a0a 2020 2041 6c6c ections... All\n+00044fb0: 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2068 6176 6520 platforms have \n+00044fc0: 616e 2061 7274 6966 6963 6961 6c6c 7920 an artificially \n+00044fd0: 4752 5542 2069 6d70 6f73 6564 2064 6973 GRUB imposed dis\n+00044fe0: 6b20 7369 7a65 2072 6573 7472 6963 7469 k size restricti\n+00044ff0: 6f6e 0a6f 6620 3120 4569 422e 2049 6e20 on.of 1 EiB. In \n+00045000: 736f 6d65 2063 6173 6573 2c20 6c61 7267 some cases, larg\n+00045010: 6572 2064 6973 6b20 7369 7a65 7320 6361 er disk sizes ca\n+00045020: 6e20 6265 2075 7365 642c 2062 7574 2061 n be used, but a\n+00045030: 6363 6573 7320 7769 6c6c 0a6e 6f74 2062 ccess will.not b\n+00045040: 6520 616c 6c6f 7765 6420 6265 796f 6e64 e allowed beyond\n+00045050: 2031 2045 6942 2e0a 0a20 2020 4c55 4b53 1 EiB... LUKS\n+00045060: 3220 6465 7669 6365 7320 7769 7468 2073 2 devices with s\n+00045070: 697a 6520 6c61 7267 6572 2074 6861 6e20 ize larger than \n+00045080: 3136 2045 6942 2061 7265 2063 7572 7265 16 EiB are curre\n+00045090: 6e74 6c79 206e 6f74 0a73 7570 706f 7274 ntly not.support\n+000450a0: 6564 2e20 2054 6865 7920 6361 6e20 6e6f ed. They can no\n+000450b0: 7420 6265 2063 7265 6174 6564 2061 7320 t be created as \n+000450c0: 6372 7970 746f 2064 6576 6963 6573 2062 crypto devices b\n+000450d0: 7920 6372 7970 746f 6d6f 756e 742c 2073 y cryptomount, s\n+000450e0: 6f0a 6361 6e20 6e6f 7420 6576 656e 2062 o.can not even b\n+000450f0: 6520 7061 7274 6961 6c6c 7920 7265 6164 e partially read\n+00045100: 2066 726f 6d2e 2020 4c55 4b53 2068 6176 from. LUKS hav\n+00045110: 6520 6e6f 206c 696d 6974 6174 696f 6e73 e no limitations\n+00045120: 206f 7468 6572 0a74 6861 6e20 7468 6f73 other.than thos\n+00045130: 6520 696d 706f 7365 6420 6279 2074 6865 e imposed by the\n+00045140: 2066 6f72 6d61 742e 0a0a 2020 2041 5243 format... ARC\n+00045150: 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d20 6973 2075 6e61 platform is una\n+00045160: 626c 6520 746f 2063 6861 6e67 6520 6461 ble to change da\n+00045170: 7465 7469 6d65 2028 6669 726d 7761 7265 tetime (firmware\n+00045180: 2064 6f65 736e 2774 2073 6565 6d20 746f doesn't seem to\n+00045190: 0a70 726f 7669 6465 2061 2066 756e 6374 .provide a funct\n+000451a0: 696f 6e20 666f 7220 6974 292e 2020 454d ion for it). EM\n+000451b0: 5520 6861 7320 7369 6d69 6c61 7220 6c69 U has similar li\n+000451c0: 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 4f6e mitation... On\n+000451d0: 2045 4d55 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d20 6e6f EMU platform no\n+000451e0: 2073 6572 6961 6c20 706f 7274 2069 7320 serial port is \n+000451f0: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 652e 0a0a 2020 2043 available... C\n+00045200: 6f6e 736f 6c65 2063 6861 7273 6574 2072 onsole charset r\n+00045210: 6566 6572 7320 6f6e 6c79 2074 6f20 6669 efers only to fi\n+00045220: 726d 7761 7265 2d61 7373 6973 7465 6420 rmware-assisted \n+00045230: 636f 6e73 6f6c 652e 2020 6766 7874 6572 console. gfxter\n+00045240: 6d20 6973 0a61 6c77 6179 7320 556e 6963 m is.always Unic\n+00045250: 6f64 6520 2873 6565 2049 6e74 6572 6e61 ode (see Interna\n+00045260: 7469 6f6e 616c 6973 6174 696f 6e20 7365 tionalisation se\n+00045270: 6374 696f 6e20 666f 7220 6974 7320 6c69 ction for its li\n+00045280: 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e 7329 2e0a 5365 7269 mitations)..Seri\n+00045290: 616c 2069 7320 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6162 al is configurab\n+000452a0: 6c65 2074 6f20 5554 462d 3820 6f72 2041 le to UTF-8 or A\n+000452b0: 5343 4949 2028 7365 6520 496e 7465 726e SCII (see Intern\n+000452c0: 6174 696f 6e61 6c69 7361 7469 6f6e 292e ationalisation).\n+000452d0: 2020 496e 0a63 6173 6520 6f66 2071 656d In.case of qem\n+000452e0: 7520 616e 6420 636f 7265 626f 6f74 2070 u and coreboot p\n+000452f0: 6f72 7473 2074 6865 2072 6566 6572 6564 orts the refered\n+00045300: 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 2069 7320 7667 615f console is vga_\n+00045310: 7465 7874 2e0a 4c6f 6f6e 6773 6f6e 2061 text..Loongson a\n+00045320: 6c77 6179 7320 7573 6573 2067 6678 7465 lways uses gfxte\n+00045330: 726d 2e0a 0a20 2020 4d6f 7374 206c 696d rm... Most lim\n+00045340: 6974 6564 206f 6e65 2069 7320 4153 4349 ited one is ASCI\n+00045350: 492e 2043 5034 3337 2070 726f 7669 6465 I. CP437 provide\n+00045360: 7320 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 0a70 s additionally.p\n+00045370: 7365 7564 6f67 7261 7068 6963 732e 2020 seudographics. \n+00045380: 4752 5542 3220 646f 6573 6e27 7420 7573 GRUB2 doesn't us\n+00045390: 6520 616e 7920 6c61 6e67 7561 6765 2063 e any language c\n+000453a0: 6861 7261 6374 6572 7320 6672 6f6d 2043 haracters from C\n+000453b0: 5034 3337 2061 730a 6f66 7465 6e20 4350 P437 as.often CP\n+000453c0: 3433 3720 6973 2072 6570 6c61 6365 6420 437 is replaced \n+000453d0: 6279 206e 6174 696f 6e61 6c20 656e 636f by national enco\n+000453e0: 6469 6e67 2063 6f6d 7061 7469 626c 6520 ding compatible \n+000453f0: 6f6e 6c79 2069 6e0a 7073 6575 646f 6772 only in.pseudogr\n+00045400: 6170 6869 6373 2e20 2055 6e69 636f 6465 aphics. Unicode\n+00045410: 2069 7320 7468 6520 6d6f 7374 2076 6572 is the most ver\n+00045420: 7361 7469 6c65 2063 6861 7273 6574 2077 satile charset w\n+00045430: 6869 6368 2073 7570 706f 7274 730a 6d61 hich supports.ma\n+00045440: 6e79 206c 616e 6775 6167 6573 2e20 2048 ny languages. H\n+00045450: 6f77 6576 6572 2074 6865 2061 6374 7561 owever the actua\n+00045460: 6c20 636f 6e73 6f6c 6520 6d61 7920 6265 l console may be\n+00045470: 206d 7563 6820 6d6f 7265 206c 696d 6974 much more limit\n+00045480: 6564 0a64 6570 656e 6469 6e67 206f 6e20 ed.depending on \n+00045490: 6669 726d 7761 7265 0a0a 2020 204f 6e20 firmware.. On \n+000454a0: 4249 4f53 2c20 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 6973 BIOS, network is\n+000454b0: 2073 7570 706f 7274 6564 206f 6e6c 7920 supported only \n+000454c0: 6966 2074 6865 2069 6d61 6765 2069 7320 if the image is \n+000454d0: 6c6f 6164 6564 2074 6872 6f75 6768 0a6e loaded through.n\n+000454e0: 6574 776f 726b 2e20 204f 6e20 7370 6172 etwork. On spar\n+000454f0: 6336 342c 2047 5255 4220 6973 2075 6e61 c64, GRUB is una\n+00045500: 626c 6520 746f 2064 6574 6572 6d69 6e65 ble to determine\n+00045510: 2077 6869 6368 2073 6572 7665 7220 6974 which server it\n+00045520: 2077 6173 0a62 6f6f 7465 6420 6672 6f6d was.booted from\n+00045530: 2e0a 0a20 2020 4469 7265 6374 2041 5441 ... Direct ATA\n+00045540: 2f41 4843 4920 7375 7070 6f72 7420 616c /AHCI support al\n+00045550: 6c6f 7773 2074 6f20 6369 7263 756d 7665 lows to circumve\n+00045560: 6e74 2076 6172 696f 7573 2066 6972 6d77 nt various firmw\n+00045570: 6172 650a 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e 7320 are.limitations \n+00045580: 6275 7420 6973 6e27 7420 6e65 6564 6564 but isn't needed\n+00045590: 2066 6f72 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 6f70 6572 for normal oper\n+000455a0: 6174 696f 6e20 6578 6365 7074 206f 6e20 ation except on \n+000455b0: 6261 7265 6d65 7461 6c0a 706f 7274 732e baremetal.ports.\n+000455c0: 0a0a 2020 2041 5420 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 .. AT keyboard\n+000455d0: 2073 7570 706f 7274 2061 6c6c 6f77 7320 support allows \n+000455e0: 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 206c 6179 6f75 7420 keyboard layout \n+000455f0: 7265 6d61 7070 696e 6720 616e 6420 7375 remapping and su\n+00045600: 7070 6f72 7420 666f 720a 6b65 7973 206e pport for.keys n\n+00045610: 6f74 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2074 6872 ot available thr\n+00045620: 6f75 6768 2066 6972 6d77 6172 652e 2020 ough firmware. \n+00045630: 4974 2069 736e 2774 206e 6565 6465 6420 It isn't needed \n+00045640: 666f 7220 6e6f 726d 616c 0a6f 7065 7261 for normal.opera\n+00045650: 7469 6f6e 2065 7863 6570 7420 6261 7265 tion except bare\n+00045660: 6d65 7461 6c20 706f 7274 732e 0a0a 2020 metal ports... \n+00045670: 2053 7065 616b 6572 2061 6c6c 6f77 7320 Speaker allows \n+00045680: 6d6f 7273 6520 616e 6420 7370 6b6d 6f64 morse and spkmod\n+00045690: 656d 2063 6f6d 6d75 6e69 6361 7469 6f6e em communication\n+000456a0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 5553 4220 7375 7070 6f72 ... USB suppor\n+000456b0: 7420 7072 6f76 6964 6573 2062 656e 6566 t provides benef\n+000456c0: 6974 7320 7369 6d69 6c61 7220 746f 2041 its similar to A\n+000456d0: 5441 2028 666f 7220 5553 4220 6469 736b TA (for USB disk\n+000456e0: 7329 206f 7220 4154 0a28 666f 7220 5553 s) or AT.(for US\n+000456f0: 4220 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 7329 2e20 2049 B keyboards). I\n+00045700: 6e20 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 2069 7420 616c n addition it al\n+00045710: 6c6f 7773 2055 5342 7365 7269 616c 2e0a lows USBserial..\n+00045720: 0a20 2020 4368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6469 6e67 . Chainloading\n+00045730: 2072 6566 6572 7320 746f 2074 6865 2061 refers to the a\n+00045740: 6269 6c69 7479 2074 6f20 6c6f 6164 2061 bility to load a\n+00045750: 6e6f 7468 6572 2062 6f6f 746c 6f61 6465 nother bootloade\n+00045760: 7220 7468 726f 7567 680a 7468 6520 7361 r through.the sa\n+00045770: 6d65 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c0a 0a20 2020 me protocol.. \n+00045780: 4869 6e74 7320 616c 6c6f 7720 6661 7374 Hints allow fast\n+00045790: 6572 2064 6973 6b20 6469 7363 6f76 6572 er disk discover\n+000457a0: 7920 6279 2061 6c72 6561 6479 206b 6e6f y by already kno\n+000457b0: 7769 6e67 2069 6e20 6164 7661 6e63 6520 wing in advance \n+000457c0: 7768 6963 680a 6973 2074 6865 2064 6973 which.is the dis\n+000457d0: 6b20 696e 2071 7565 7374 696f 6e2e 2020 k in question. \n+000457e0: 4f6e 2073 6f6d 6520 706c 6174 666f 726d On some platform\n+000457f0: 7320 6869 6e74 7320 6172 6520 636f 7272 s hints are corr\n+00045800: 6563 7420 756e 6c65 7373 2079 6f75 0a6d ect unless you.m\n+00045810: 6f76 6520 7468 6520 6469 736b 2062 6574 ove the disk bet\n+00045820: 7765 656e 2062 6f6f 7473 2e20 204f 6e20 ween boots. On \n+00045830: 6f74 6865 7220 706c 6174 666f 726d 7320 other platforms \n+00045840: 6974 2773 206a 7573 7420 616e 2065 6475 it's just an edu\n+00045850: 6361 7465 640a 6775 6573 732e 2020 4e6f cated.guess. No\n+00045860: 7465 2074 6861 7420 6869 6e74 2066 6169 te that hint fai\n+00045870: 6c75 7265 2072 6573 756c 7473 2069 6e20 lure results in \n+00045880: 6a75 7374 2072 6564 7563 6564 2070 6572 just reduced per\n+00045890: 666f 726d 616e 6365 2c20 6e6f 740a 6120 formance, not.a \n+000458a0: 6661 696c 7572 650a 0a20 2020 4261 6452 failure.. BadR\n+000458b0: 414d 2069 7320 7468 6520 6162 696c 6974 AM is the abilit\n+000458c0: 7920 746f 206d 6172 6b20 736f 6d65 206f y to mark some o\n+000458d0: 6620 7468 6520 5241 4d20 6173 2022 6261 f the RAM as \"ba\n+000458e0: 6422 2e20 204e 6f74 653a 2064 7565 2074 d\". Note: due t\n+000458f0: 6f0a 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 206c 696d 6974 o.protocol limit\n+00045900: 6174 696f 6e73 206d 6970 732d 6c6f 6f6e ations mips-loon\n+00045910: 6773 6f6e 2028 7769 7468 204c 696e 7578 gson (with Linux\n+00045920: 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c29 2061 6e64 0a6d protocol) and.m\n+00045930: 6970 732d 7165 6d75 5f6d 6970 7320 6361 ips-qemu_mips ca\n+00045940: 6e20 7573 6520 6f6e 6c79 206d 656d 6f72 n use only memor\n+00045950: 7920 7570 2074 6f20 6669 7273 7420 686f y up to first ho\n+00045960: 6c65 2e0a 0a20 2020 426f 6f74 6c6f 6361 le... Bootloca\n+00045970: 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 6162 696c 6974 7920 tion is ability \n+00045980: 6f66 2047 5255 4220 746f 2061 7574 6f6d of GRUB to autom\n+00045990: 6174 6963 616c 6c79 2064 6574 6563 7420 atically detect \n+000459a0: 7768 6572 6520 6974 0a62 6f6f 7473 2066 where it.boots f\n+000459b0: 726f 6d2e 2020 2264 6973 6b22 206d 6561 rom. \"disk\" mea\n+000459c0: 6e73 2074 6865 2064 6574 6563 7469 6f6e ns the detection\n+000459d0: 2069 7320 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 746f 2064 is limited to d\n+000459e0: 6574 6563 7469 6e67 2074 6865 2064 6973 etecting the dis\n+000459f0: 6b0a 7769 7468 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e k.with partition\n+00045a00: 2062 6569 6e67 2064 6973 636f 7665 7265 being discovere\n+00045a10: 6420 6f6e 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2074 696d d on install tim\n+00045a20: 652e 2020 2270 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2220 e. \"partition\" \n+00045a30: 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6174 0a64 6973 6b20 means that.disk \n+00045a40: 616e 6420 7061 7274 6974 6f6e 2063 616e and partiton can\n+00045a50: 2062 6520 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6361 6c6c be automaticall\n+00045a60: 7920 6469 7363 6f76 6572 6564 2e20 2022 y discovered. \"\n+00045a70: 6669 6c65 2220 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6174 file\" means that\n+00045a80: 0a62 6f6f 7420 696d 6167 6520 6669 6c65 .boot image file\n+00045a90: 206e 616d 6520 6173 2077 656c 6c20 6173 name as well as\n+00045aa0: 2064 6973 6b20 616e 6420 7061 7274 6974 disk and partit\n+00045ab0: 696f 6e20 6361 6e20 6265 2064 6973 636f ion can be disco\n+00045ac0: 7665 7265 642e 0a46 6f72 2063 6f6e 7369 vered..For consi\n+00045ad0: 7374 656e 6379 2c20 6465 6661 756c 7420 stency, default \n+00045ae0: 696e 7374 616c 6c20 6967 6e6f 7265 7320 install ignores \n+00045af0: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 616e 6420 7265 partition and re\n+00045b00: 6c69 6573 2073 6f6c 656c 7920 6f6e 0a64 lies solely on.d\n+00045b10: 6973 6b20 6465 7465 6374 696f 6e2e 2020 isk detection. \n+00045b20: 4966 206e 6f20 626f 6f74 6c6f 6361 7469 If no bootlocati\n+00045b30: 6f6e 2064 6973 636f 7665 7279 2069 7320 on discovery is \n+00045b40: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6f72 2062 6f6f available or boo\n+00045b50: 7420 616e 640a 6772 7562 2d72 6f6f 7420 t and.grub-root \n+00045b60: 6469 736b 7320 6172 6520 6469 6666 6572 disks are differ\n+00045b70: 656e 742c 2055 5549 4420 6973 2075 7365 ent, UUID is use\n+00045b80: 6420 696e 7374 6561 642e 2020 4f6e 2041 d instead. On A\n+00045b90: 5243 2069 6620 6e6f 0a64 6576 6963 6520 RC if no.device \n+00045ba0: 746f 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2074 6f20 6973 to install to is\n+00045bb0: 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2c20 5555 4944 specified, UUID\n+00045bc0: 2069 7320 7573 6564 2069 6e73 7465 6164 is used instead\n+00045bd0: 2061 7320 7765 6c6c 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 as well... \n+00045be0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4249 4f53 2020 BIOS \n+00045bf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2043 6f72 6562 6f6f Coreboo\n+00045c00: 7420 2020 2020 2020 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f t Multiboo\n+00045c10: 7420 2020 2020 2051 656d 750a 7669 6465 t Qemu.vide\n+00045c20: 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 o yes \n+00045c30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 yes \n+00045c40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 yes \n+00045c50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a 636f 6e73 yes.cons\n+00045c60: 6f6c 6520 2020 2020 2020 2043 5034 3337 ole CP437\n+00045c70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4350 3433 3720 CP437 \n+00045c80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2043 5034 3337 2020 CP437 \n+00045c90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4350 3433 370a 6368 CP437.ch\n+00045ca0: 6172 7365 740a 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 2020 arset.network \n+00045cb0: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2028 2a29 2020 2020 yes (*) \n+00045cc0: 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00045cd0: 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00045ce0: 2020 6e6f 0a41 5441 2f41 4843 4920 2020 no.ATA/AHCI \n+00045cf0: 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045d00: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045d10: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045d20: 2079 6573 0a41 5420 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 yes.AT keyboard\n+00045d30: 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045d40: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045d50: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045d60: 2079 6573 0a53 7065 616b 6572 2020 2020 yes.Speaker \n+00045d70: 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045d80: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045d90: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045da0: 2079 6573 0a55 5342 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes.USB \n+00045db0: 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045dc0: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045dd0: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045de0: 2079 6573 0a63 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 yes.chainloader\n+00045df0: 2020 2020 6c6f 6361 6c20 2020 2020 2020 local \n+00045e00: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045e10: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045e20: 206e 6f0a 6370 7569 6420 2020 2020 2020 no.cpuid \n+00045e30: 2020 2070 6172 7469 616c 2020 2020 2020 partial \n+00045e40: 2020 7061 7274 6961 6c20 2020 2020 2020 partial \n+00045e50: 2070 6172 7469 616c 2020 2020 2020 2020 partial \n+00045e60: 7061 7274 6961 6c0a 7264 6d73 7220 2020 partial.rdmsr \n+00045e70: 2020 2020 2020 2070 6172 7469 616c 2020 partial \n+00045e80: 2020 2020 2020 7061 7274 6961 6c20 2020 partial \n+00045e90: 2020 2020 2070 6172 7469 616c 2020 2020 partial \n+00045ea0: 2020 2020 7061 7274 6961 6c0a 7772 6d73 partial.wrms\n+00045eb0: 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 6172 7469 r parti\n+00045ec0: 616c 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 7274 6961 al partia\n+00045ed0: 6c20 2020 2020 2020 2070 6172 7469 616c l partial\n+00045ee0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 7274 6961 6c0a partial.\n+00045ef0: 6869 6e74 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 hints g\n+00045f00: 7565 7373 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6775 uess gu\n+00045f10: 6573 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 7565 ess gue\n+00045f20: 7373 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6775 6573 ss gues\n+00045f30: 730a 5043 4920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 s.PCI \n+00045f40: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045f50: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 yes y\n+00045f60: 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 es ye\n+00045f70: 730a 6261 6472 616d 2020 2020 2020 2020 s.badram \n+00045f80: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045f90: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 yes y\n+00045fa0: 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 es ye\n+00045fb0: 730a 636f 6d70 7265 7373 696f 6e20 2020 s.compression \n+00045fc0: 2061 6c77 6179 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 always \n+00045fd0: 706f 696e 746c 6573 7320 2020 2020 206e pointless n\n+00045fe0: 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f o no\n+00045ff0: 0a65 7869 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .exit \n+00046000: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e yes n\n+00046010: 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f o no\n+00046020: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a no.\n+00046030: 626f 6f74 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 2020 2064 bootlocation d\n+00046040: 6973 6b20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f isk no\n+00046050: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 no \n+00046060: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a0a no..\n+00046070: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 i\n+00046080: 6133 3220 4546 4920 2020 2020 2020 616d a32 EFI am\n+00046090: 6436 3420 4546 4920 2020 2020 2069 6133 d64 EFI ia3\n+000460a0: 3220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4974 616e 2 Itan\n+000460b0: 6975 6d0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ium. \n 000460c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 000460d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000460e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2049 4545 4531 3237 IEEE127\n-000460f0: 350a 7669 6465 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 5.video \n-00046100: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00046110: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e yes n\n-00046120: 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f o no\n-00046130: 0a63 6f6e 736f 6c65 2020 2020 2020 2020 .console \n-00046140: 556e 6963 6f64 6520 2020 2020 2020 2055 Unicode U\n-00046150: 6e69 636f 6465 2020 2020 2020 2020 4153 nicode AS\n-00046160: 4349 4920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2055 6e69 CII Uni\n-00046170: 636f 6465 0a63 6861 7273 6574 0a6e 6574 code.charset.net\n-00046180: 776f 726b 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 work yes \n-00046190: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 yes \n-000461a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 yes \n-000461b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a41 5441 yes.ATA\n-000461c0: 2f41 4843 4920 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 /AHCI yes \n-000461d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 yes \n-000461e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 yes \n-000461f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 4154 206b no.AT k\n-00046200: 6579 626f 6172 6420 2020 2079 6573 2020 eyboard yes \n-00046210: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 yes \n-00046220: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 yes \n-00046230: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a53 7065 616b no.Speak\n-00046240: 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 er yes \n-00046250: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 yes \n-00046260: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 yes \n-00046270: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 5553 4220 2020 no.USB \n-00046280: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 yes \n-00046290: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 yes \n-000462a0: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-000462b0: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a63 6861 696e 6c6f no.chainlo\n-000462c0: 6164 6572 2020 2020 6c6f 6361 6c20 2020 ader local \n-000462d0: 2020 2020 2020 206c 6f63 616c 2020 2020 local \n-000462e0: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-000462f0: 2020 2020 206c 6f63 616c 0a63 7075 6964 local.cpuid\n-00046300: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 7274 6961 partia\n-00046310: 6c20 2020 2020 2020 2070 6172 7469 616c l partial\n-00046320: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 7274 6961 6c20 partial \n-00046330: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 7264 6d73 7220 no.rdmsr \n-00046340: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 6172 7469 616c partial\n-00046350: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 7274 6961 6c20 partial \n-00046360: 2020 2020 2020 2070 6172 7469 616c 2020 partial \n-00046370: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a77 726d 7372 2020 no.wrmsr \n-00046380: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 7274 6961 6c20 partial \n-00046390: 2020 2020 2020 2070 6172 7469 616c 2020 partial \n-000463a0: 2020 2020 2020 7061 7274 6961 6c20 2020 partial \n-000463b0: 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 6869 6e74 7320 2020 no.hints \n-000463c0: 2020 2020 2020 2067 7565 7373 2020 2020 guess \n-000463d0: 2020 2020 2020 6775 6573 7320 2020 2020 guess \n-000463e0: 2020 2020 2067 6f6f 6420 2020 2020 2020 good \n-000463f0: 2020 2020 6775 6573 730a 5043 4920 2020 guess.PCI \n-00046400: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 yes \n-00046410: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 yes \n-00046420: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00046430: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a62 6164 7261 6d20 no.badram \n-00046440: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 yes \n-00046450: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00046460: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046470: 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a63 6f6d 7072 6573 yes.compres\n-00046480: 7369 6f6e 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 sion no \n-00046490: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 no \n-000464a0: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-000464b0: 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 6578 6974 2020 2020 no.exit \n-000464c0: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-000464d0: 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-000464e0: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-000464f0: 2020 2020 7965 730a 626f 6f74 6c6f 6361 yes.bootloca\n-00046500: 7469 6f6e 2020 2066 696c 6520 2020 2020 tion file \n-00046510: 2020 2020 2020 6669 6c65 2020 2020 2020 file \n-00046520: 2020 2020 2066 696c 652c 2020 2020 2020 file, \n-00046530: 2020 2020 6669 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 2020 file. \n+000460e0: 2049 4545 4531 3237 350a 7669 6465 6f20 IEEE1275.video \n+000460f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 yes \n+00046100: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 yes \n+00046110: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046120: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a63 6f6e 736f 6c65 no.console\n+00046130: 2020 2020 2020 2020 556e 6963 6f64 6520 Unicode \n+00046140: 2020 2020 2020 2055 6e69 636f 6465 2020 Unicode \n+00046150: 2020 2020 2020 4153 4349 4920 2020 2020 ASCII \n+00046160: 2020 2020 2055 6e69 636f 6465 0a63 6861 Unicode.cha\n+00046170: 7273 6574 0a6e 6574 776f 726b 2020 2020 rset.network \n+00046180: 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046190: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000461a0: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000461b0: 2079 6573 0a41 5441 2f41 4843 4920 2020 yes.ATA/AHCI \n+000461c0: 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000461d0: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000461e0: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000461f0: 206e 6f0a 4154 206b 6579 626f 6172 6420 no.AT keyboard \n+00046200: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046210: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046220: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046230: 6e6f 0a53 7065 616b 6572 2020 2020 2020 no.Speaker \n+00046240: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046250: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046260: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e yes n\n+00046270: 6f0a 5553 4220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 o.USB \n+00046280: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046290: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 yes y\n+000462a0: 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f es no\n+000462b0: 0a63 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 2020 .chainloader \n+000462c0: 6c6f 6361 6c20 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c local l\n+000462d0: 6f63 616c 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f ocal no\n+000462e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 6f63 loc\n+000462f0: 616c 0a63 7075 6964 2020 2020 2020 2020 al.cpuid \n+00046300: 2020 7061 7274 6961 6c20 2020 2020 2020 partial \n+00046310: 2070 6172 7469 616c 2020 2020 2020 2020 partial \n+00046320: 7061 7274 6961 6c20 2020 2020 2020 206e partial n\n+00046330: 6f0a 7264 6d73 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 o.rdmsr \n+00046340: 2070 6172 7469 616c 2020 2020 2020 2020 partial \n+00046350: 7061 7274 6961 6c20 2020 2020 2020 2070 partial p\n+00046360: 6172 7469 616c 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f artial no\n+00046370: 0a77 726d 7372 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .wrmsr \n+00046380: 7061 7274 6961 6c20 2020 2020 2020 2070 partial p\n+00046390: 6172 7469 616c 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 artial pa\n+000463a0: 7274 6961 6c20 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a rtial no.\n+000463b0: 6869 6e74 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 hints g\n+000463c0: 7565 7373 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6775 uess gu\n+000463d0: 6573 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 6f6f ess goo\n+000463e0: 6420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6775 6573 d gues\n+000463f0: 730a 5043 4920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 s.PCI \n+00046400: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046410: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 yes y\n+00046420: 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f es no\n+00046430: 0a62 6164 7261 6d20 2020 2020 2020 2020 .badram \n+00046440: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 yes y\n+00046450: 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f es no\n+00046460: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 yes\n+00046470: 0a63 6f6d 7072 6573 7369 6f6e 2020 2020 .compression \n+00046480: 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e no n\n+00046490: 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f o no\n+000464a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a no.\n+000464b0: 6578 6974 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 exit y\n+000464c0: 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 es ye\n+000464d0: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 s yes\n+000464e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a yes.\n+000464f0: 626f 6f74 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 2020 2066 bootlocation f\n+00046500: 696c 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6669 ile fi\n+00046510: 6c65 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2066 696c le fil\n+00046520: 652c 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6669 6c65 e, file\n+00046530: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n 00046540: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00046550: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00046560: 2020 2020 2020 6967 6e6f 7265 640a 0a20 ignored.. \n-00046570: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c6f Lo\n-00046580: 6f6e 6773 6f6e 2020 2020 2020 2073 7061 ongson spa\n-00046590: 7263 3634 2020 2020 2020 2020 506f 7765 rc64 Powe\n-000465a0: 7270 6320 2020 2020 2020 2041 5243 0a76 rpc ARC.v\n-000465b0: 6964 656f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 ideo ye\n-000465c0: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 s no \n-000465d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 yes \n-000465e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 636f no.co\n-000465f0: 6e73 6f6c 6520 2020 2020 2020 204e 2f41 nsole N/A\n-00046600: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4153 4349 ASCI\n-00046610: 4920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2041 5343 4949 I ASCII\n-00046620: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4153 4349 490a ASCII.\n-00046630: 6368 6172 7365 740a 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 charset.network \n-00046640: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046650: 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 282a 2920 2020 yes (*) \n-00046660: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00046670: 2020 2020 6e6f 0a41 5441 2f41 4843 4920 no.ATA/AHCI \n-00046680: 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00046690: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-000466a0: 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-000466b0: 2020 206e 6f0a 4154 206b 6579 626f 6172 no.AT keyboar\n-000466c0: 6420 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 d yes \n-000466d0: 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-000466e0: 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-000466f0: 2020 6e6f 0a53 7065 616b 6572 2020 2020 no.Speaker \n-00046700: 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046710: 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046720: 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046730: 206e 6f0a 5553 4220 2020 2020 2020 2020 no.USB \n-00046740: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00046750: 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046760: 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046770: 6e6f 0a63 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 no.chainloader \n-00046780: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00046790: 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-000467a0: 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e no n\n-000467b0: 6f0a 6370 7569 6420 2020 2020 2020 2020 o.cpuid \n-000467c0: 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-000467d0: 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e no n\n-000467e0: 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f o no\n-000467f0: 0a72 646d 7372 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .rdmsr \n-00046800: 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e no n\n-00046810: 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f o no\n-00046820: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a no.\n-00046830: 7772 6d73 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e wrmsr n\n-00046840: 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f o no\n-00046850: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 no \n-00046860: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a68 no.h\n-00046870: 696e 7473 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 676f ints go\n-00046880: 6f64 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 6f6f od goo\n-00046890: 6420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 676f 6f64 d good\n-000468a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 5043 no.PC\n-000468b0: 4920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 I yes\n-000468c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 no \n-000468d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 no \n-000468e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a62 6164 no.bad\n-000468f0: 7261 6d20 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 ram yes \n-00046900: 282a 2920 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 (*) no \n-00046910: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 no \n-00046920: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 636f 6d70 no.comp\n-00046930: 7265 7373 696f 6e20 2020 2063 6f6e 6669 ression confi\n-00046940: 6775 7261 626c 6520 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 gurable no \n-00046950: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 no \n-00046960: 2020 2020 2020 2020 636f 6e66 6967 7572 configur\n-00046970: 6162 6c65 0a65 7869 7420 2020 2020 2020 able.exit \n-00046980: 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046990: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-000469a0: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-000469b0: 2079 6573 0a62 6f6f 746c 6f63 6174 696f yes.bootlocatio\n-000469c0: 6e20 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 n no \n-000469d0: 2020 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2020 2020 partition \n-000469e0: 2020 6669 6c65 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 file \n-000469f0: 2066 696c 6520 282a 290a 0a20 2020 2020 file (*).. \n-00046a00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4d49 5053 2071 MIPS q\n-00046a10: 656d 7520 2020 2020 2065 6d75 2020 2020 emu emu \n-00046a20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7865 6e0a 7669 6465 xen.vide\n-00046a30: 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 o no \n-00046a40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 yes \n-00046a50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 636f 6e73 no.cons\n-00046a60: 6f6c 6520 2020 2020 2020 2043 5034 3337 ole CP437\n-00046a70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 556e 6963 6f64 Unicod\n-00046a80: 6520 282a 2920 2020 2041 5343 4949 0a63 e (*) ASCII.c\n-00046a90: 6861 7273 6574 0a6e 6574 776f 726b 2020 harset.network \n-00046aa0: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046ab0: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00046ac0: 2020 2020 6e6f 0a41 5441 2f41 4843 4920 no.ATA/AHCI \n-00046ad0: 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00046ae0: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046af0: 2020 2020 6e6f 0a41 5420 6b65 7962 6f61 no.AT keyboa\n-00046b00: 7264 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 rd yes \n-00046b10: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046b20: 2020 2020 6e6f 0a53 7065 616b 6572 2020 no.Speaker \n-00046b30: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046b40: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046b50: 2020 2020 6e6f 0a55 5342 2020 2020 2020 no.USB \n-00046b60: 2020 2020 2020 4e2f 4120 2020 2020 2020 N/A \n-00046b70: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00046b80: 2020 2020 6e6f 0a63 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 no.chainload\n-00046b90: 6572 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 er yes \n-00046ba0: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046bb0: 2020 2020 7965 730a 6370 7569 6420 2020 yes.cpuid \n-00046bc0: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046bd0: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046be0: 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a72 646d 7372 2020 yes.rdmsr \n-00046bf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046c00: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046c10: 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a 7772 6d73 7220 yes.wrmsr \n-00046c20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 no \n-00046c30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046c40: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a68 696e 7473 yes.hints\n-00046c50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6775 6573 7320 guess \n-00046c60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 no \n-00046c70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a50 4349 2020 no.PCI \n-00046c80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 no \n-00046c90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 no \n-00046ca0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a62 6164 7261 no.badra\n-00046cb0: 6d20 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 282a m yes (*\n-00046cc0: 2920 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 ) no \n-00046cd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a63 6f6d 7072 no.compr\n-00046ce0: 6573 7369 6f6e 2020 2020 636f 6e66 6967 ession config\n-00046cf0: 7572 6162 6c65 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 urable no \n-00046d00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a65 7869 7420 no.exit \n-00046d10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 no \n-00046d20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 yes \n-00046d30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a62 6f6f 746c no.bootl\n-00046d40: 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 ocation no \n-00046d50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2066 696c 6520 2020 file \n-00046d60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a0a 1f0a 4669 no....Fi\n-00046d70: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-00046d80: 4e6f 6465 3a20 506c 6174 666f 726d 2d73 Node: Platform-s\n-00046d90: 7065 6369 6669 6320 6f70 6572 6174 696f pecific operatio\n-00046da0: 6e73 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2053 7570 706f ns, Next: Suppo\n-00046db0: 7274 6564 206b 6572 6e65 6c73 2c20 2050 rted kernels, P\n-00046dc0: 7265 763a 2050 6c61 7466 6f72 6d20 6c69 rev: Platform li\n-00046dd0: 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e 732c 2020 5570 3a20 mitations, Up: \n-00046de0: 546f 700a 0a32 3120 4f75 746c 696e 650a Top..21 Outline.\n-00046df0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 536f 6d65 **********..Some\n-00046e00: 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2068 6176 6520 platforms have \n-00046e10: 6665 6174 7572 6573 2077 6869 6368 2061 features which a\n-00046e20: 6c6c 6f77 7320 746f 2069 6d70 6c65 6d65 llows to impleme\n-00046e30: 6e74 2073 6f6d 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 nt some commands\n-00046e40: 0a75 7365 6c65 7373 206f 7220 6e6f 7420 .useless or not \n-00046e50: 696d 706c 656d 656e 7461 626c 6520 6f6e implementable on\n-00046e60: 206f 7468 6572 732e 0a0a 2020 2051 7569 others... Qui\n-00046e70: 636b 2073 756d 6d61 7279 3a0a 0a20 2020 ck summary:.. \n-00046e80: 496e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 7265 7472 Information retr\n-00046e90: 6965 7661 6c3a 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 206d ieval:.. ... m\n-00046ea0: 6970 7365 6c2d 6c6f 6f6e 6773 6f6e 3a20 ipsel-loongson: \n-00046eb0: 6c73 7370 640a 2020 20e2 80a2 206d 6970 lsspd. ... mip\n-00046ec0: 732d 6172 633a 206c 7364 6576 0a20 2020 s-arc: lsdev. \n-00046ed0: e280 a220 6566 693a 206c 7365 6669 7379 ... efi: lsefisy\n-00046ee0: 7374 6162 2c20 6c73 7361 6c2c 206c 7365 stab, lssal, lse\n-00046ef0: 6669 6d6d 6170 2c20 6c73 6566 690a 2020 fimmap, lsefi. \n-00046f00: 20e2 80a2 2069 3338 362d 7063 3a20 6c73 ... i386-pc: ls\n-00046f10: 6170 6d0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2069 3338 362d apm. ... i386-\n-00046f20: 636f 7265 626f 6f74 3a20 6c73 636f 7265 coreboot: lscore\n-00046f30: 626f 6f74 2c20 636f 7265 626f 6f74 5f62 boot, coreboot_b\n-00046f40: 6f6f 7474 696d 652c 2063 626d 656d 630a oottime, cbmemc.\n-00046f50: 2020 20e2 80a2 2061 6370 692d 656e 6162 ... acpi-enab\n-00046f60: 6c65 6420 2869 3338 362d 7063 2c20 6933 led (i386-pc, i3\n-00046f70: 3836 2d63 6f72 6562 6f6f 742c 2069 3338 86-coreboot, i38\n-00046f80: 362d 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 742c 202a 2d65 6-multiboot, *-e\n-00046f90: 6669 293a 0a20 2020 2020 6c73 6163 7069 fi):. lsacpi\n-00046fa0: 0a0a 2020 2057 6f72 6b61 726f 756e 6473 .. Workarounds\n-00046fb0: 2066 6f72 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2d 7370 for platform-sp\n-00046fc0: 6563 6966 6963 2069 7373 7565 733a 0a20 ecific issues:. \n-00046fd0: 2020 e280 a220 6933 3836 2d65 6669 2f78 ... i386-efi/x\n-00046fe0: 3836 5f36 342d 6566 693a 206c 6f61 6462 86_64-efi: loadb\n-00046ff0: 696f 732c 2066 616b 6562 696f 732c 2066 ios, fakebios, f\n-00047000: 6978 5f76 6964 656f 0a20 2020 e280 a220 ix_video. ... \n-00047010: 6163 7069 2d65 6e61 626c 6564 2028 6933 acpi-enabled (i3\n-00047020: 3836 2d70 632c 2069 3338 362d 636f 7265 86-pc, i386-core\n-00047030: 626f 6f74 2c20 6933 3836 2d6d 756c 7469 boot, i386-multi\n-00047040: 626f 6f74 2c20 2a2d 6566 6929 3a20 6163 boot, *-efi): ac\n-00047050: 7069 0a20 2020 2020 286f 7665 7272 6964 pi. (overrid\n-00047060: 6520 4143 5049 2074 6162 6c65 7329 0a20 e ACPI tables). \n-00047070: 2020 e280 a220 6933 3836 2d70 633a 2064 ... i386-pc: d\n-00047080: 7269 7665 6d61 700a 2020 20e2 80a2 2069 rivemap. ... i\n-00047090: 3338 362d 7063 3a20 7365 6e64 6b65 790a 386-pc: sendkey.\n-000470a0: 0a20 2020 4164 7661 6e63 6564 206f 7065 . Advanced ope\n-000470b0: 7261 7469 6f6e 7320 666f 7220 706f 7765 rations for powe\n-000470c0: 7220 7573 6572 733a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 r users:. ... \n-000470d0: 7838 363a 2069 6f72 7720 2864 6972 6563 x86: iorw (direc\n-000470e0: 7420 6163 6365 7373 2074 6f20 492f 4f20 t access to I/O \n-000470f0: 706f 7274 7329 0a0a 2020 204d 6973 6365 ports).. Misce\n-00047100: 6c61 6e65 6f75 733a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 laneous:. ... \n-00047110: 636d 6f73 2028 7838 362d 2a2c 2069 6565 cmos (x86-*, iee\n-00047120: 6531 3237 352c 206d 6970 732d 7165 6d75 e1275, mips-qemu\n-00047130: 5f6d 6970 732c 206d 6970 732d 6c6f 6f6e _mips, mips-loon\n-00047140: 6773 6f6e 293a 2063 6d6f 7374 6573 740a gson): cmostest.\n-00047150: 2020 2020 2028 7573 6564 206f 6e20 736f (used on so\n-00047160: 6d65 206c 6170 746f 7073 2074 6f20 6368 me laptops to ch\n-00047170: 6563 6b20 666f 7220 7370 6563 6961 6c20 eck for special \n-00047180: 706f 7765 722d 6f6e 206b 6579 292c 2063 power-on key), c\n-00047190: 6d6f 7363 6c65 616e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 mosclean. ... \n-000471a0: 6933 3836 2d70 633a 2070 6c61 790a 0a1f i386-pc: play...\n-000471b0: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-000471c0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2053 7570 706f 7274 , Node: Support\n-000471d0: 6564 206b 6572 6e65 6c73 2c20 204e 6578 ed kernels, Nex\n-000471e0: 743a 2054 726f 7562 6c65 7368 6f6f 7469 t: Troubleshooti\n-000471f0: 6e67 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2050 6c61 7466 ng, Prev: Platf\n-00047200: 6f72 6d2d 7370 6563 6966 6963 206f 7065 orm-specific ope\n-00047210: 7261 7469 6f6e 732c 2020 5570 3a20 546f rations, Up: To\n-00047220: 700a 0a32 3220 5375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 p..22 Supported \n-00047230: 626f 6f74 2074 6172 6765 7473 0a2a 2a2a boot targets.***\n-00047240: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-00047250: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 5838 3620 7375 7070 ******..X86 supp\n-00047260: 6f72 7420 6973 2073 756d 6d61 7269 7365 ort is summarise\n-00047270: 6420 696e 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 d in the followi\n-00047280: 6e67 2074 6162 6c65 2e20 2022 5965 7322 ng table. \"Yes\"\n-00047290: 206d 6561 6e73 2074 6861 7420 7468 650a means that the.\n-000472a0: 6b65 726e 656c 2077 6f72 6b73 206f 6e20 kernel works on \n-000472b0: 7468 6520 6769 7665 6e20 706c 6174 666f the given platfo\n-000472c0: 726d 2c20 2263 7261 7368 6573 2220 6d65 rm, \"crashes\" me\n-000472d0: 616e 7320 616e 2065 6172 6c79 206b 6572 ans an early ker\n-000472e0: 6e65 6c0a 6372 6173 6820 7768 6963 6820 nel.crash which \n-000472f0: 7765 2068 6f70 6520 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 we hope will be \n-00047300: 6669 7865 6420 6279 2063 6f6e 6365 726e fixed by concern\n-00047310: 6564 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6465 7665 6c6f ed kernel develo\n-00047320: 7065 7273 2e20 2022 6e6f 220a 6d65 616e pers. \"no\".mean\n-00047330: 7320 4752 5542 2064 6f65 736e 2774 206c s GRUB doesn't l\n-00047340: 6f61 6420 7468 6520 6769 7665 6e20 6b65 oad the given ke\n-00047350: 726e 656c 206f 6e20 6120 6769 7665 6e20 rnel on a given \n-00047360: 706c 6174 666f 726d 2e0a 2268 6561 646c platform..\"headl\n-00047370: 6573 7322 206d 6561 6e73 2074 6861 7420 ess\" means that \n-00047380: 7468 6520 6b65 726e 656c 2077 6f72 6b73 the kernel works\n-00047390: 2062 7574 206c 6163 6b73 2063 6f6e 736f but lacks conso\n-000473a0: 6c65 2064 7269 7665 7273 2028 796f 750a le drivers (you.\n-000473b0: 6361 6e20 7374 696c 6c20 7573 6520 7365 can still use se\n-000473c0: 7269 616c 206f 7220 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 rial or network \n-000473d0: 636f 6e73 6f6c 6529 2e20 2049 6e20 6361 console). In ca\n-000473e0: 7365 206f 6620 226e 6f22 2061 6e64 2022 se of \"no\" and \"\n-000473f0: 6372 6173 6865 7322 0a74 6865 2072 6561 crashes\".the rea\n-00047400: 736f 6e20 6973 2067 6976 656e 2069 6e20 son is given in \n-00047410: 666f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2e0a 2020 2020 2020 footnote.. \n+00046550: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6967 ig\n+00046560: 6e6f 7265 640a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 nored.. \n+00046570: 2020 2020 2020 4c6f 6f6e 6773 6f6e 2020 Loongson \n+00046580: 2020 2020 2073 7061 7263 3634 2020 2020 sparc64 \n+00046590: 2020 2020 506f 7765 7270 6320 2020 2020 Powerpc \n+000465a0: 2020 2041 5243 0a76 6964 656f 2020 2020 ARC.video \n+000465b0: 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000465c0: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+000465d0: 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000465e0: 2020 206e 6f0a 636f 6e73 6f6c 6520 2020 no.console \n+000465f0: 2020 2020 204e 2f41 2020 2020 2020 2020 N/A \n+00046600: 2020 2020 4153 4349 4920 2020 2020 2020 ASCII \n+00046610: 2020 2041 5343 4949 2020 2020 2020 2020 ASCII \n+00046620: 2020 4153 4349 490a 6368 6172 7365 740a ASCII.charset.\n+00046630: 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 2020 2020 2020 206e network n\n+00046640: 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 o ye\n+00046650: 7320 282a 2920 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 s (*) yes\n+00046660: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a41 no.A\n+00046670: 5441 2f41 4843 4920 2020 2020 2020 7965 TA/AHCI ye\n+00046680: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 s no \n+00046690: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 no \n+000466a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 4154 no.AT\n+000466b0: 206b 6579 626f 6172 6420 2020 2079 6573 keyboard yes\n+000466c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 no \n+000466d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 no \n+000466e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a53 7065 no.Spe\n+000466f0: 616b 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 aker no \n+00046700: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 no \n+00046710: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 no \n+00046720: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 5553 4220 no.USB \n+00046730: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 yes \n+00046740: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 no \n+00046750: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 no \n+00046760: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a63 6861 696e no.chain\n+00046770: 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 loader yes \n+00046780: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 no \n+00046790: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 no \n+000467a0: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 6370 7569 6420 no.cpuid \n+000467b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 no \n+000467c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 no \n+000467d0: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 no \n+000467e0: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a72 646d 7372 2020 no.rdmsr \n+000467f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046800: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046810: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046820: 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 7772 6d73 7220 2020 no.wrmsr \n+00046830: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046840: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046850: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046860: 2020 2020 6e6f 0a68 696e 7473 2020 2020 no.hints \n+00046870: 2020 2020 2020 676f 6f64 2020 2020 2020 good \n+00046880: 2020 2020 2067 6f6f 6420 2020 2020 2020 good \n+00046890: 2020 2020 676f 6f64 2020 2020 2020 2020 good \n+000468a0: 2020 206e 6f0a 5043 4920 2020 2020 2020 no.PCI \n+000468b0: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000468c0: 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+000468d0: 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+000468e0: 2020 6e6f 0a62 6164 7261 6d20 2020 2020 no.badram \n+000468f0: 2020 2020 7965 7320 282a 2920 2020 2020 yes (*) \n+00046900: 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046910: 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046920: 206e 6f0a 636f 6d70 7265 7373 696f 6e20 no.compression \n+00046930: 2020 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 626c 6520 configurable \n+00046940: 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046950: 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046960: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6162 6c65 0a65 7869 configurable.exi\n+00046970: 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 t no \n+00046980: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 yes \n+00046990: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 yes \n+000469a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a62 6f6f yes.boo\n+000469b0: 746c 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 2020 6e6f 2020 tlocation no \n+000469c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 6172 7469 parti\n+000469d0: 7469 6f6e 2020 2020 2020 6669 6c65 2020 tion file \n+000469e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2066 696c 6520 282a file (*\n+000469f0: 290a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ).. \n+00046a00: 2020 4d49 5053 2071 656d 7520 2020 2020 MIPS qemu \n+00046a10: 2065 6d75 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 emu \n+00046a20: 7865 6e0a 7669 6465 6f20 2020 2020 2020 xen.video \n+00046a30: 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046a40: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046a50: 206e 6f0a 636f 6e73 6f6c 6520 2020 2020 no.console \n+00046a60: 2020 2043 5034 3337 2020 2020 2020 2020 CP437 \n+00046a70: 2020 556e 6963 6f64 6520 282a 2920 2020 Unicode (*) \n+00046a80: 2041 5343 4949 0a63 6861 7273 6574 0a6e ASCII.charset.n\n+00046a90: 6574 776f 726b 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f etwork no\n+00046aa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 yes\n+00046ab0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a41 no.A\n+00046ac0: 5441 2f41 4843 4920 2020 2020 2020 7965 TA/AHCI ye\n+00046ad0: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 s no \n+00046ae0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a41 no.A\n+00046af0: 5420 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 2020 2020 7965 T keyboard ye\n+00046b00: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 s no \n+00046b10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a53 no.S\n+00046b20: 7065 616b 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f peaker no\n+00046b30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 no \n+00046b40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a55 no.U\n+00046b50: 5342 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4e2f SB N/\n+00046b60: 4120 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 A yes\n+00046b70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a63 no.c\n+00046b80: 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 2020 7965 hainloader ye\n+00046b90: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 s no \n+00046ba0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a yes.\n+00046bb0: 6370 7569 6420 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e cpuid n\n+00046bc0: 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f o no\n+00046bd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 yes\n+00046be0: 0a72 646d 7372 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .rdmsr \n+00046bf0: 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e no n\n+00046c00: 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 o ye\n+00046c10: 730a 7772 6d73 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 s.wrmsr \n+00046c20: 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046c30: 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 no y\n+00046c40: 6573 0a68 696e 7473 2020 2020 2020 2020 es.hints \n+00046c50: 2020 6775 6573 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 guess \n+00046c60: 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046c70: 6e6f 0a50 4349 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no.PCI \n+00046c80: 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046c90: 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046ca0: 6e6f 0a62 6164 7261 6d20 2020 2020 2020 no.badram \n+00046cb0: 2020 7965 7320 282a 2920 2020 2020 2020 yes (*) \n+00046cc0: 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046cd0: 6e6f 0a63 6f6d 7072 6573 7369 6f6e 2020 no.compression \n+00046ce0: 2020 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6162 6c65 2020 configurable \n+00046cf0: 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046d00: 6e6f 0a65 7869 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 no.exit \n+00046d10: 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046d20: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046d30: 6e6f 0a62 6f6f 746c 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 no.bootlocation \n+00046d40: 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046d50: 2066 696c 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 file \n+00046d60: 6e6f 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 no....File: grub\n+00046d70: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 506c .info, Node: Pl\n+00046d80: 6174 666f 726d 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 atform-specific \n+00046d90: 6f70 6572 6174 696f 6e73 2c20 204e 6578 operations, Nex\n+00046da0: 743a 2053 7570 706f 7274 6564 206b 6572 t: Supported ker\n+00046db0: 6e65 6c73 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2050 6c61 nels, Prev: Pla\n+00046dc0: 7466 6f72 6d20 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e tform limitation\n+00046dd0: 732c 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a32 3120 s, Up: Top..21 \n+00046de0: 4f75 746c 696e 650a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a Outline.********\n+00046df0: 2a2a 0a0a 536f 6d65 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 **..Some platfor\n+00046e00: 6d73 2068 6176 6520 6665 6174 7572 6573 ms have features\n+00046e10: 2077 6869 6368 2061 6c6c 6f77 7320 746f which allows to\n+00046e20: 2069 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 2073 6f6d 6520 implement some \n+00046e30: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a75 7365 6c65 7373 commands.useless\n+00046e40: 206f 7220 6e6f 7420 696d 706c 656d 656e or not implemen\n+00046e50: 7461 626c 6520 6f6e 206f 7468 6572 732e table on others.\n+00046e60: 0a0a 2020 2051 7569 636b 2073 756d 6d61 .. Quick summa\n+00046e70: 7279 3a0a 0a20 2020 496e 666f 726d 6174 ry:.. Informat\n+00046e80: 696f 6e20 7265 7472 6965 7661 6c3a 0a0a ion retrieval:..\n+00046e90: 2020 20e2 80a2 206d 6970 7365 6c2d 6c6f ... mipsel-lo\n+00046ea0: 6f6e 6773 6f6e 3a20 6c73 7370 640a 2020 ongson: lsspd. \n+00046eb0: 20e2 80a2 206d 6970 732d 6172 633a 206c ... mips-arc: l\n+00046ec0: 7364 6576 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6566 693a sdev. ... efi:\n+00046ed0: 206c 7365 6669 7379 7374 6162 2c20 6c73 lsefisystab, ls\n+00046ee0: 7361 6c2c 206c 7365 6669 6d6d 6170 2c20 sal, lsefimmap, \n+00046ef0: 6c73 6566 690a 2020 20e2 80a2 2069 3338 lsefi. ... i38\n+00046f00: 362d 7063 3a20 6c73 6170 6d0a 2020 20e2 6-pc: lsapm. .\n+00046f10: 80a2 2069 3338 362d 636f 7265 626f 6f74 .. i386-coreboot\n+00046f20: 3a20 6c73 636f 7265 626f 6f74 2c20 636f : lscoreboot, co\n+00046f30: 7265 626f 6f74 5f62 6f6f 7474 696d 652c reboot_boottime,\n+00046f40: 2063 626d 656d 630a 2020 20e2 80a2 2061 cbmemc. ... a\n+00046f50: 6370 692d 656e 6162 6c65 6420 2869 3338 cpi-enabled (i38\n+00046f60: 362d 7063 2c20 6933 3836 2d63 6f72 6562 6-pc, i386-coreb\n+00046f70: 6f6f 742c 2069 3338 362d 6d75 6c74 6962 oot, i386-multib\n+00046f80: 6f6f 742c 202a 2d65 6669 293a 0a20 2020 oot, *-efi):. \n+00046f90: 2020 6c73 6163 7069 0a0a 2020 2057 6f72 lsacpi.. Wor\n+00046fa0: 6b61 726f 756e 6473 2066 6f72 2070 6c61 karounds for pla\n+00046fb0: 7466 6f72 6d2d 7370 6563 6966 6963 2069 tform-specific i\n+00046fc0: 7373 7565 733a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6933 ssues:. ... i3\n+00046fd0: 3836 2d65 6669 2f78 3836 5f36 342d 6566 86-efi/x86_64-ef\n+00046fe0: 693a 206c 6f61 6462 696f 732c 2066 616b i: loadbios, fak\n+00046ff0: 6562 696f 732c 2066 6978 5f76 6964 656f ebios, fix_video\n+00047000: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6163 7069 2d65 6e61 . ... acpi-ena\n+00047010: 626c 6564 2028 6933 3836 2d70 632c 2069 bled (i386-pc, i\n+00047020: 3338 362d 636f 7265 626f 6f74 2c20 6933 386-coreboot, i3\n+00047030: 3836 2d6d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2c20 2a2d 86-multiboot, *-\n+00047040: 6566 6929 3a20 6163 7069 0a20 2020 2020 efi): acpi. \n+00047050: 286f 7665 7272 6964 6520 4143 5049 2074 (override ACPI t\n+00047060: 6162 6c65 7329 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6933 ables). ... i3\n+00047070: 3836 2d70 633a 2064 7269 7665 6d61 700a 86-pc: drivemap.\n+00047080: 2020 20e2 80a2 2069 3338 362d 7063 3a20 ... i386-pc: \n+00047090: 7365 6e64 6b65 790a 0a20 2020 4164 7661 sendkey.. Adva\n+000470a0: 6e63 6564 206f 7065 7261 7469 6f6e 7320 nced operations \n+000470b0: 666f 7220 706f 7765 7220 7573 6572 733a for power users:\n+000470c0: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 7838 363a 2069 6f72 . ... x86: ior\n+000470d0: 7720 2864 6972 6563 7420 6163 6365 7373 w (direct access\n+000470e0: 2074 6f20 492f 4f20 706f 7274 7329 0a0a to I/O ports)..\n+000470f0: 2020 204d 6973 6365 6c61 6e65 6f75 733a Miscelaneous:\n+00047100: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 636d 6f73 2028 7838 . ... cmos (x8\n+00047110: 362d 2a2c 2069 6565 6531 3237 352c 206d 6-*, ieee1275, m\n+00047120: 6970 732d 7165 6d75 5f6d 6970 732c 206d ips-qemu_mips, m\n+00047130: 6970 732d 6c6f 6f6e 6773 6f6e 293a 2063 ips-loongson): c\n+00047140: 6d6f 7374 6573 740a 2020 2020 2028 7573 mostest. (us\n+00047150: 6564 206f 6e20 736f 6d65 206c 6170 746f ed on some lapto\n+00047160: 7073 2074 6f20 6368 6563 6b20 666f 7220 ps to check for \n+00047170: 7370 6563 6961 6c20 706f 7765 722d 6f6e special power-on\n+00047180: 206b 6579 292c 2063 6d6f 7363 6c65 616e key), cmosclean\n+00047190: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6933 3836 2d70 633a . ... i386-pc:\n+000471a0: 2070 6c61 790a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 play....File: g\n+000471b0: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+000471c0: 2053 7570 706f 7274 6564 206b 6572 6e65 Supported kerne\n+000471d0: 6c73 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2054 726f 7562 ls, Next: Troub\n+000471e0: 6c65 7368 6f6f 7469 6e67 2c20 2050 7265 leshooting, Pre\n+000471f0: 763a 2050 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2d 7370 6563 v: Platform-spec\n+00047200: 6966 6963 206f 7065 7261 7469 6f6e 732c ific operations,\n+00047210: 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a32 3220 5375 Up: Top..22 Su\n+00047220: 7070 6f72 7465 6420 626f 6f74 2074 6172 pported boot tar\n+00047230: 6765 7473 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a gets.***********\n+00047240: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a **************..\n+00047250: 5838 3620 7375 7070 6f72 7420 6973 2073 X86 support is s\n+00047260: 756d 6d61 7269 7365 6420 696e 2074 6865 ummarised in the\n+00047270: 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2074 6162 6c65 following table\n+00047280: 2e20 2022 5965 7322 206d 6561 6e73 2074 . \"Yes\" means t\n+00047290: 6861 7420 7468 650a 6b65 726e 656c 2077 hat the.kernel w\n+000472a0: 6f72 6b73 206f 6e20 7468 6520 6769 7665 orks on the give\n+000472b0: 6e20 706c 6174 666f 726d 2c20 2263 7261 n platform, \"cra\n+000472c0: 7368 6573 2220 6d65 616e 7320 616e 2065 shes\" means an e\n+000472d0: 6172 6c79 206b 6572 6e65 6c0a 6372 6173 arly kernel.cras\n+000472e0: 6820 7768 6963 6820 7765 2068 6f70 6520 h which we hope \n+000472f0: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6669 7865 6420 6279 will be fixed by\n+00047300: 2063 6f6e 6365 726e 6564 206b 6572 6e65 concerned kerne\n+00047310: 6c20 6465 7665 6c6f 7065 7273 2e20 2022 l developers. \"\n+00047320: 6e6f 220a 6d65 616e 7320 4752 5542 2064 no\".means GRUB d\n+00047330: 6f65 736e 2774 206c 6f61 6420 7468 6520 oesn't load the \n+00047340: 6769 7665 6e20 6b65 726e 656c 206f 6e20 given kernel on \n+00047350: 6120 6769 7665 6e20 706c 6174 666f 726d a given platform\n+00047360: 2e0a 2268 6561 646c 6573 7322 206d 6561 ..\"headless\" mea\n+00047370: 6e73 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 6b65 726e ns that the kern\n+00047380: 656c 2077 6f72 6b73 2062 7574 206c 6163 el works but lac\n+00047390: 6b73 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 2064 7269 7665 ks console drive\n+000473a0: 7273 2028 796f 750a 6361 6e20 7374 696c rs (you.can stil\n+000473b0: 6c20 7573 6520 7365 7269 616c 206f 7220 l use serial or \n+000473c0: 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 636f 6e73 6f6c 6529 network console)\n+000473d0: 2e20 2049 6e20 6361 7365 206f 6620 226e . In case of \"n\n+000473e0: 6f22 2061 6e64 2022 6372 6173 6865 7322 o\" and \"crashes\"\n+000473f0: 0a74 6865 2072 6561 736f 6e20 6973 2067 .the reason is g\n+00047400: 6976 656e 2069 6e20 666f 6f74 6e6f 7465 iven in footnote\n+00047410: 2e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .. \n 00047420: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047430: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2042 B\n-00047440: 494f 5320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 IOS \n-00047450: 436f 7265 626f 6f74 0a42 494f 5320 6368 Coreboot.BIOS ch\n-00047460: 6169 6e6c 6f61 6469 6e67 2020 2020 2020 ainloading \n-00047470: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 ye\n-00047480: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e s n\n-00047490: 6f20 2831 290a 4e54 4c44 5220 2020 2020 o (1).NTLDR \n+00047430: 2020 2020 2020 2042 494f 5320 2020 2020 BIOS \n+00047440: 2020 2020 2020 2020 436f 7265 626f 6f74 Coreboot\n+00047450: 0a42 494f 5320 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6469 .BIOS chainloadi\n+00047460: 6e67 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ng \n+00047470: 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00047480: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a 4e54 no (1).NT\n+00047490: 4c44 5220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 LDR \n 000474a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000474b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 yes \n-000474c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 no (\n-000474d0: 3129 0a50 6c61 6e39 2020 2020 2020 2020 1).Plan9 \n+000474b0: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000474c0: 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 0a50 6c61 6e39 no (1).Plan9\n+000474d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 000474e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000474f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 yes \n-00047500: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a no (1).\n-00047510: 4672 6565 646f 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 Freedos \n-00047520: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047530: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00047540: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 0a46 7265 no (1).Fre\n-00047550: 6542 5344 2062 6f6f 746c 6f61 6465 7220 eBSD bootloader \n-00047560: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047570: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00047580: 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 2028 3129 0a33 crashes (1).3\n-00047590: 322d 6269 7420 6b46 7265 6542 5344 2020 2-bit kFreeBSD \n-000475a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000475b0: 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-000475c0: 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 2028 3529 crashes (5)\n-000475d0: 0a36 342d 6269 7420 6b46 7265 6542 5344 .64-bit kFreeBSD\n-000475e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000475f0: 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00047600: 2020 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 2028 crashes (\n-00047610: 3529 0a33 322d 6269 7420 6b4e 6574 4253 5).32-bit kNetBS\n-00047620: 4420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 D \n-00047630: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 yes \n-00047640: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 crashes\n-00047650: 2028 3129 0a36 342d 6269 7420 6b4e 6574 (1).64-bit kNet\n-00047660: 4253 4420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 BSD \n-00047670: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 yes \n-00047680: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 crash\n-00047690: 6573 0a33 322d 6269 7420 6b4f 7065 6e42 es.32-bit kOpenB\n-000476a0: 5344 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 SD \n-000476b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 yes \n-000476c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a36 342d yes.64-\n-000476d0: 6269 7420 6b4f 7065 6e42 5344 2020 2020 bit kOpenBSD \n-000476e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000476f0: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00047700: 2020 2079 6573 0a4d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 yes.Multiboot\n+000474f0: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00047500: 206e 6f20 2831 290a 4672 6565 646f 7320 no (1).Freedos \n+00047510: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00047520: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 yes\n+00047530: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f no\n+00047540: 2028 3129 0a46 7265 6542 5344 2062 6f6f (1).FreeBSD boo\n+00047550: 746c 6f61 6465 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 tloader \n+00047560: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 yes \n+00047570: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 crash\n+00047580: 6573 2028 3129 0a33 322d 6269 7420 6b46 es (1).32-bit kF\n+00047590: 7265 6542 5344 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 reeBSD \n+000475a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 yes \n+000475b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 7261 cra\n+000475c0: 7368 6573 2028 3529 0a36 342d 6269 7420 shes (5).64-bit \n+000475d0: 6b46 7265 6542 5344 2020 2020 2020 2020 kFreeBSD \n+000475e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 ye\n+000475f0: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 s c\n+00047600: 7261 7368 6573 2028 3529 0a33 322d 6269 rashes (5).32-bi\n+00047610: 7420 6b4e 6574 4253 4420 2020 2020 2020 t kNetBSD \n+00047620: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00047630: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00047640: 2063 7261 7368 6573 2028 3129 0a36 342d crashes (1).64-\n+00047650: 6269 7420 6b4e 6574 4253 4420 2020 2020 bit kNetBSD \n+00047660: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00047670: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00047680: 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 0a33 322d 6269 crashes.32-bi\n+00047690: 7420 6b4f 7065 6e42 5344 2020 2020 2020 t kOpenBSD \n+000476a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000476b0: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000476c0: 2079 6573 0a36 342d 6269 7420 6b4f 7065 yes.64-bit kOpe\n+000476d0: 6e42 5344 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 nBSD \n+000476e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 yes \n+000476f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a4d yes.M\n+00047700: 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2020 2020 2020 2020 ultiboot \n 00047710: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047720: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 yes \n-00047730: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 yes\n-00047740: 0a4d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 3220 2020 2020 .Multiboot2 \n-00047750: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047760: 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00047770: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a33 322d 6269 yes.32-bi\n-00047780: 7420 4c69 6e75 7820 286c 6567 6163 7920 t Linux (legacy \n-00047790: 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2920 2020 2020 2020 protocol) \n-000477a0: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-000477b0: 206e 6f20 2831 290a 3634 2d62 6974 204c no (1).64-bit L\n-000477c0: 696e 7578 2028 6c65 6761 6379 2070 726f inux (legacy pro\n-000477d0: 746f 636f 6c29 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 tocol) yes\n-000477e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f no\n-000477f0: 2028 3129 0a33 322d 6269 7420 4c69 6e75 (1).32-bit Linu\n-00047800: 7820 286d 6f64 6572 6e20 7072 6f74 6f63 x (modern protoc\n-00047810: 6f6c 2920 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 ol) yes \n-00047820: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a36 yes.6\n-00047830: 342d 6269 7420 4c69 6e75 7820 286d 6f64 4-bit Linux (mod\n-00047840: 6572 6e20 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2920 2020 ern protocol) \n-00047850: 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00047860: 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a33 322d 6269 7420 yes.32-bit \n-00047870: 584e 5520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 XNU \n-00047880: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 ye\n-00047890: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 203f s ?\n-000478a0: 0a36 342d 6269 7420 584e 5520 2020 2020 .64-bit XNU \n-000478b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000478c0: 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-000478d0: 2020 2020 2020 203f 0a33 322d 6269 7420 ?.32-bit \n-000478e0: 4546 4920 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 7220 EFI chainloader \n-000478f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f no\n-00047900: 2028 3229 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e (2) n\n-00047910: 6f20 2832 290a 3634 2d62 6974 2045 4649 o (2).64-bit EFI\n-00047920: 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 2020 chainloader \n-00047930: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2832 no (2\n-00047940: 2920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 ) no (\n-00047950: 3229 0a41 7070 6c65 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 2).Appleloader \n+00047720: 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00047730: 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a4d 756c 7469 626f yes.Multibo\n+00047740: 6f74 3220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ot2 \n+00047750: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 ye\n+00047760: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 s y\n+00047770: 6573 0a33 322d 6269 7420 4c69 6e75 7820 es.32-bit Linux \n+00047780: 286c 6567 6163 7920 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c (legacy protocol\n+00047790: 2920 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 ) yes \n+000477a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a no (1).\n+000477b0: 3634 2d62 6974 204c 696e 7578 2028 6c65 64-bit Linux (le\n+000477c0: 6761 6379 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c29 2020 gacy protocol) \n+000477d0: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000477e0: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 0a33 322d no (1).32-\n+000477f0: 6269 7420 4c69 6e75 7820 286d 6f64 6572 bit Linux (moder\n+00047800: 6e20 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2920 2020 2020 n protocol) \n+00047810: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00047820: 2020 2079 6573 0a36 342d 6269 7420 4c69 yes.64-bit Li\n+00047830: 6e75 7820 286d 6f64 6572 6e20 7072 6f74 nux (modern prot\n+00047840: 6f63 6f6c 2920 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 ocol) yes \n+00047850: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 yes\n+00047860: 0a33 322d 6269 7420 584e 5520 2020 2020 .32-bit XNU \n+00047870: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00047880: 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00047890: 2020 2020 2020 203f 0a36 342d 6269 7420 ?.64-bit \n+000478a0: 584e 5520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 XNU \n+000478b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 ye\n+000478c0: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 203f s ?\n+000478d0: 0a33 322d 6269 7420 4546 4920 6368 6169 .32-bit EFI chai\n+000478e0: 6e6c 6f61 6465 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 nloader \n+000478f0: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3229 2020 2020 no (2) \n+00047900: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2832 290a 3634 no (2).64\n+00047910: 2d62 6974 2045 4649 2063 6861 696e 6c6f -bit EFI chainlo\n+00047920: 6164 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ader \n+00047930: 2020 206e 6f20 2832 2920 2020 2020 2020 no (2) \n+00047940: 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3229 0a41 7070 6c65 no (2).Apple\n+00047950: 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 loader \n 00047960: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047970: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3229 2020 no (2) \n-00047980: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2832 290a no (2).\n-00047990: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-000479a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000479b0: 2020 2020 2020 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 Multiboot \n-000479c0: 2020 2020 2020 2051 656d 750a 4249 4f53 Qemu.BIOS\n-000479d0: 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 2020 chainloading \n-000479e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000479f0: 206e 6f20 2831 2920 2020 2020 2020 2020 no (1) \n-00047a00: 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 0a4e 544c 4452 2020 no (1).NTLDR \n+00047970: 6e6f 2028 3229 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no (2) \n+00047980: 206e 6f20 2832 290a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 no (2).. \n+00047990: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000479a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4d75 Mu\n+000479b0: 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 2020 2020 2020 2051 ltiboot Q\n+000479c0: 656d 750a 4249 4f53 2063 6861 696e 6c6f emu.BIOS chainlo\n+000479d0: 6164 696e 6720 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ading \n+000479e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 2920 no (1) \n+000479f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 no (1)\n+00047a00: 0a4e 544c 4452 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .NTLDR \n 00047a10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047a20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f no\n-00047a30: 2028 3129 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e (1) n\n-00047a40: 6f20 2831 290a 506c 616e 3920 2020 2020 o (1).Plan9 \n+00047a20: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 2020 2020 no (1) \n+00047a30: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a 506c no (1).Pl\n+00047a40: 616e 3920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 an9 \n 00047a50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047a60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 no (1\n-00047a70: 2920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 ) no (\n-00047a80: 3129 0a46 7265 6544 4f53 2020 2020 2020 1).FreeDOS \n+00047a60: 2020 206e 6f20 2831 2920 2020 2020 2020 no (1) \n+00047a70: 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 0a46 7265 6544 no (1).FreeD\n+00047a80: 4f53 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 OS \n 00047a90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047aa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 2020 no (1) \n-00047ab0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a no (1).\n-00047ac0: 4672 6565 4253 4420 626f 6f74 6c6f 6164 FreeBSD bootload\n-00047ad0: 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 er \n-00047ae0: 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 2028 3129 crashes (1)\n-00047af0: 2020 2020 2020 6372 6173 6865 7320 2831 crashes (1\n-00047b00: 290a 3332 2d62 6974 206b 4672 6565 4253 ).32-bit kFreeBS\n-00047b10: 4420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 D \n-00047b20: 2020 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 2028 crashes (\n-00047b30: 3529 2020 2020 2020 6372 6173 6865 7320 5) crashes \n-00047b40: 2835 290a 3634 2d62 6974 206b 4672 6565 (5).64-bit kFree\n-00047b50: 4253 4420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 BSD \n-00047b60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 crashes\n-00047b70: 2028 3529 2020 2020 2020 6372 6173 6865 (5) crashe\n-00047b80: 7320 2835 290a 3332 2d62 6974 206b 4e65 s (5).32-bit kNe\n-00047b90: 7442 5344 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 tBSD \n-00047ba0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 crash\n-00047bb0: 6573 2028 3129 2020 2020 2020 6372 6173 es (1) cras\n-00047bc0: 6865 7320 2831 290a 3634 2d62 6974 206b hes (1).64-bit k\n-00047bd0: 4e65 7442 5344 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 NetBSD \n-00047be0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 yes\n-00047bf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 ye\n-00047c00: 730a 3332 2d62 6974 206b 4f70 656e 4253 s.32-bit kOpenBS\n-00047c10: 4420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 D \n-00047c20: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00047c30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a 3634 2d62 yes.64-b\n-00047c40: 6974 206b 4f70 656e 4253 4420 2020 2020 it kOpenBSD \n-00047c50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047c60: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00047c70: 2020 7965 730a 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 yes.Multiboot \n+00047aa0: 6e6f 2028 3129 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no (1) \n+00047ab0: 206e 6f20 2831 290a 4672 6565 4253 4420 no (1).FreeBSD \n+00047ac0: 626f 6f74 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 2020 2020 bootloader \n+00047ad0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 7261 cra\n+00047ae0: 7368 6573 2028 3129 2020 2020 2020 6372 shes (1) cr\n+00047af0: 6173 6865 7320 2831 290a 3332 2d62 6974 ashes (1).32-bit\n+00047b00: 206b 4672 6565 4253 4420 2020 2020 2020 kFreeBSD \n+00047b10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 c\n+00047b20: 7261 7368 6573 2028 3529 2020 2020 2020 rashes (5) \n+00047b30: 6372 6173 6865 7320 2835 290a 3634 2d62 crashes (5).64-b\n+00047b40: 6974 206b 4672 6565 4253 4420 2020 2020 it kFreeBSD \n+00047b50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00047b60: 2063 7261 7368 6573 2028 3529 2020 2020 crashes (5) \n+00047b70: 2020 6372 6173 6865 7320 2835 290a 3332 crashes (5).32\n+00047b80: 2d62 6974 206b 4e65 7442 5344 2020 2020 -bit kNetBSD \n+00047b90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00047ba0: 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 2028 3129 2020 crashes (1) \n+00047bb0: 2020 2020 6372 6173 6865 7320 2831 290a crashes (1).\n+00047bc0: 3634 2d62 6974 206b 4e65 7442 5344 2020 64-bit kNetBSD \n+00047bd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00047be0: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00047bf0: 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a 3332 2d62 6974 yes.32-bit\n+00047c00: 206b 4f70 656e 4253 4420 2020 2020 2020 kOpenBSD \n+00047c10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 y\n+00047c20: 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 es \n+00047c30: 7965 730a 3634 2d62 6974 206b 4f70 656e yes.64-bit kOpen\n+00047c40: 4253 4420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 BSD \n+00047c50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 yes \n+00047c60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a 4d75 yes.Mu\n+00047c70: 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 ltiboot \n 00047c80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047c90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 yes \n-00047ca0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a yes.\n-00047cb0: 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7432 2020 2020 2020 Multiboot2 \n-00047cc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047cd0: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00047ce0: 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a 3332 2d62 6974 yes.32-bit\n-00047cf0: 204c 696e 7578 2028 6c65 6761 6379 2070 Linux (legacy p\n-00047d00: 726f 746f 636f 6c29 2020 2020 2020 206e rotocol) n\n-00047d10: 6f20 2831 2920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 o (1) \n-00047d20: 6e6f 2028 3129 0a36 342d 6269 7420 4c69 no (1).64-bit Li\n-00047d30: 6e75 7820 286c 6567 6163 7920 7072 6f74 nux (legacy prot\n-00047d40: 6f63 6f6c 2920 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 ocol) no (\n-00047d50: 3129 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 1) no \n-00047d60: 2831 290a 3332 2d62 6974 204c 696e 7578 (1).32-bit Linux\n-00047d70: 2028 6d6f 6465 726e 2070 726f 746f 636f (modern protoco\n-00047d80: 6c29 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 l) yes \n-00047d90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a 3634 yes.64\n-00047da0: 2d62 6974 204c 696e 7578 2028 6d6f 6465 -bit Linux (mode\n-00047db0: 726e 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c29 2020 2020 rn protocol) \n-00047dc0: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00047dd0: 2020 2020 7965 730a 3332 2d62 6974 2058 yes.32-bit X\n-00047de0: 4e55 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 NU \n-00047df0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 203f 2020 ? \n-00047e00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3f0a ?.\n-00047e10: 3634 2d62 6974 2058 4e55 2020 2020 2020 64-bit XNU \n-00047e20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047e30: 2020 2020 203f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ? \n-00047e40: 2020 2020 2020 3f0a 3332 2d62 6974 2045 ?.32-bit E\n-00047e50: 4649 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 FI chainloader \n-00047e60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 no \n-00047e70: 2832 2920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f (2) no\n-00047e80: 2028 3229 0a36 342d 6269 7420 4546 4920 (2).64-bit EFI \n-00047e90: 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 7220 2020 2020 chainloader \n-00047ea0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3229 no (2)\n-00047eb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2832 no (2\n-00047ec0: 290a 4170 706c 656c 6f61 6465 7220 2020 ).Appleloader \n-00047ed0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047ee0: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2832 2920 2020 no (2) \n-00047ef0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3229 0a0a no (2)..\n+00047c90: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00047ca0: 2020 2020 7965 730a 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f yes.Multiboo\n+00047cb0: 7432 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t2 \n+00047cc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 yes\n+00047cd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 ye\n+00047ce0: 730a 3332 2d62 6974 204c 696e 7578 2028 s.32-bit Linux (\n+00047cf0: 6c65 6761 6379 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c29 legacy protocol)\n+00047d00: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 2920 2020 no (1) \n+00047d10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 0a36 no (1).6\n+00047d20: 342d 6269 7420 4c69 6e75 7820 286c 6567 4-bit Linux (leg\n+00047d30: 6163 7920 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2920 2020 acy protocol) \n+00047d40: 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 2020 2020 2020 no (1) \n+00047d50: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a 3332 2d62 no (1).32-b\n+00047d60: 6974 204c 696e 7578 2028 6d6f 6465 726e it Linux (modern\n+00047d70: 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c29 2020 2020 2020 protocol) \n+00047d80: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00047d90: 2020 7965 730a 3634 2d62 6974 204c 696e yes.64-bit Lin\n+00047da0: 7578 2028 6d6f 6465 726e 2070 726f 746f ux (modern proto\n+00047db0: 636f 6c29 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 col) yes \n+00047dc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a yes.\n+00047dd0: 3332 2d62 6974 2058 4e55 2020 2020 2020 32-bit XNU \n+00047de0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00047df0: 2020 2020 203f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ? \n+00047e00: 2020 2020 2020 3f0a 3634 2d62 6974 2058 ?.64-bit X\n+00047e10: 4e55 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 NU \n+00047e20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 203f 2020 ? \n+00047e30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3f0a ?.\n+00047e40: 3332 2d62 6974 2045 4649 2063 6861 696e 32-bit EFI chain\n+00047e50: 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 loader \n+00047e60: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2832 2920 2020 2020 no (2) \n+00047e70: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3229 0a36 342d no (2).64-\n+00047e80: 6269 7420 4546 4920 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 bit EFI chainloa\n+00047e90: 6465 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 der \n+00047ea0: 2020 6e6f 2028 3229 2020 2020 2020 2020 no (2) \n+00047eb0: 2020 206e 6f20 2832 290a 4170 706c 656c no (2).Applel\n+00047ec0: 6f61 6465 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 oader \n+00047ed0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e n\n+00047ee0: 6f20 2832 2920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 o (2) \n+00047ef0: 6e6f 2028 3229 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 no (2).. \n 00047f00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047f10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047f20: 2020 2020 2069 6133 3220 4546 4920 2020 ia32 EFI \n-00047f30: 2020 2020 2020 616d 6436 3420 4546 490a amd64 EFI.\n-00047f40: 4249 4f53 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 696e BIOS chainloadin\n-00047f50: 6720 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 g \n-00047f60: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 2920 2020 2020 no (1) \n-00047f70: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 0a4e 544c no (1).NTL\n-00047f80: 4452 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 DR \n-00047f90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047fa0: 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 2020 2020 2020 2020 no (1) \n-00047fb0: 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a 506c 616e 3920 no (1).Plan9 \n+00047f10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 6133 ia3\n+00047f20: 3220 4546 4920 2020 2020 2020 2020 616d 2 EFI am\n+00047f30: 6436 3420 4546 490a 4249 4f53 2063 6861 d64 EFI.BIOS cha\n+00047f40: 696e 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 2020 2020 2020 inloading \n+00047f50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 no \n+00047f60: 2831 2920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f (1) no\n+00047f70: 2028 3129 0a4e 544c 4452 2020 2020 2020 (1).NTLDR \n+00047f80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00047f90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 no (1)\n+00047fa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 no (1\n+00047fb0: 290a 506c 616e 3920 2020 2020 2020 2020 ).Plan9 \n 00047fc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047fd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e n\n-00047fe0: 6f20 2831 2920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 o (1) \n-00047ff0: 6e6f 2028 3129 0a46 7265 6544 4f53 2020 no (1).FreeDOS \n+00047fd0: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 2920 2020 no (1) \n+00047fe0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 0a46 no (1).F\n+00047ff0: 7265 6544 4f53 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 reeDOS \n 00048000: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048010: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 no (\n-00048020: 3129 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 1) no \n-00048030: 2831 290a 4672 6565 4253 4420 626f 6f74 (1).FreeBSD boot\n-00048040: 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 loader \n-00048050: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 crashes\n-00048060: 2028 3129 2020 2020 2020 6372 6173 6865 (1) crashe\n-00048070: 7320 2831 290a 3332 2d62 6974 206b 4672 s (1).32-bit kFr\n-00048080: 6565 4253 4420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 eeBSD \n-00048090: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2068 6561 646c headl\n-000480a0: 6573 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 6865 6164 ess head\n-000480b0: 6c65 7373 0a36 342d 6269 7420 6b46 7265 less.64-bit kFre\n-000480c0: 6542 5344 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 eBSD \n-000480d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6865 6164 6c65 headle\n-000480e0: 7373 2020 2020 2020 2020 2068 6561 646c ss headl\n-000480f0: 6573 730a 3332 2d62 6974 206b 4e65 7442 ess.32-bit kNetB\n-00048100: 5344 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 SD \n-00048110: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 crashes\n-00048120: 2028 3129 2020 2020 2020 6372 6173 6865 (1) crashe\n-00048130: 7320 2831 290a 3634 2d62 6974 206b 4e65 s (1).64-bit kNe\n-00048140: 7442 5344 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 tBSD \n-00048150: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 yes \n-00048160: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a yes.\n-00048170: 3332 2d62 6974 206b 4f70 656e 4253 4420 32-bit kOpenBSD \n-00048180: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048190: 2020 2020 2068 6561 646c 6573 7320 2020 headless \n-000481a0: 2020 2020 2020 6865 6164 6c65 7373 0a36 headless.6\n-000481b0: 342d 6269 7420 6b4f 7065 6e42 5344 2020 4-bit kOpenBSD \n-000481c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000481d0: 2020 2020 6865 6164 6c65 7373 2020 2020 headless \n-000481e0: 2020 2020 2068 6561 646c 6573 730a 4d75 headless.Mu\n-000481f0: 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 ltiboot \n-00048200: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048210: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00048220: 2020 2020 7965 730a 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f yes.Multiboo\n-00048230: 7432 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t2 \n-00048240: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 yes\n-00048250: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 ye\n-00048260: 730a 3332 2d62 6974 204c 696e 7578 2028 s.32-bit Linux (\n-00048270: 6c65 6761 6379 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c29 legacy protocol)\n-00048280: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 2920 2020 no (1) \n-00048290: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 0a36 no (1).6\n-000482a0: 342d 6269 7420 4c69 6e75 7820 286c 6567 4-bit Linux (leg\n-000482b0: 6163 7920 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2920 2020 acy protocol) \n-000482c0: 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 2020 2020 2020 no (1) \n-000482d0: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a 3332 2d62 no (1).32-b\n-000482e0: 6974 204c 696e 7578 2028 6d6f 6465 726e it Linux (modern\n-000482f0: 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c29 2020 2020 2020 protocol) \n-00048300: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00048310: 2020 7965 730a 3634 2d62 6974 204c 696e yes.64-bit Lin\n-00048320: 7578 2028 6d6f 6465 726e 2070 726f 746f ux (modern proto\n-00048330: 636f 6c29 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 col) yes \n-00048340: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a yes.\n-00048350: 3332 2d62 6974 2058 4e55 2020 2020 2020 32-bit XNU \n-00048360: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048370: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00048380: 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a 3634 2d62 6974 yes.64-bit\n-00048390: 2058 4e55 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 XNU \n-000483a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 y\n-000483b0: 6573 2028 3429 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 es (4) \n-000483c0: 7965 730a 3332 2d62 6974 2045 4649 2063 yes.32-bit EFI c\n-000483d0: 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 2020 2020 hainloader \n-000483e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 yes \n-000483f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3329 no (3)\n-00048400: 0a36 342d 6269 7420 4546 4920 6368 6169 .64-bit EFI chai\n-00048410: 6e6c 6f61 6465 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 nloader \n-00048420: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3329 2020 2020 no (3) \n-00048430: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a41 7070 6c65 yes.Apple\n-00048440: 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 loader \n-00048450: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048460: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00048470: 2079 6573 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes.. \n+00048010: 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 2020 2020 2020 no (1) \n+00048020: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a 4672 6565 no (1).Free\n+00048030: 4253 4420 626f 6f74 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 BSD bootloader \n+00048040: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00048050: 2063 7261 7368 6573 2028 3129 2020 2020 crashes (1) \n+00048060: 2020 6372 6173 6865 7320 2831 290a 3332 crashes (1).32\n+00048070: 2d62 6974 206b 4672 6565 4253 4420 2020 -bit kFreeBSD \n+00048080: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00048090: 2020 2068 6561 646c 6573 7320 2020 2020 headless \n+000480a0: 2020 2020 6865 6164 6c65 7373 0a36 342d headless.64-\n+000480b0: 6269 7420 6b46 7265 6542 5344 2020 2020 bit kFreeBSD \n+000480c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000480d0: 2020 6865 6164 6c65 7373 2020 2020 2020 headless \n+000480e0: 2020 2068 6561 646c 6573 730a 3332 2d62 headless.32-b\n+000480f0: 6974 206b 4e65 7442 5344 2020 2020 2020 it kNetBSD \n+00048100: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00048110: 2063 7261 7368 6573 2028 3129 2020 2020 crashes (1) \n+00048120: 2020 6372 6173 6865 7320 2831 290a 3634 crashes (1).64\n+00048130: 2d62 6974 206b 4e65 7442 5344 2020 2020 -bit kNetBSD \n+00048140: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00048150: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00048160: 2020 2020 7965 730a 3332 2d62 6974 206b yes.32-bit k\n+00048170: 4f70 656e 4253 4420 2020 2020 2020 2020 OpenBSD \n+00048180: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2068 6561 hea\n+00048190: 646c 6573 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 6865 dless he\n+000481a0: 6164 6c65 7373 0a36 342d 6269 7420 6b4f adless.64-bit kO\n+000481b0: 7065 6e42 5344 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 penBSD \n+000481c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6865 6164 head\n+000481d0: 6c65 7373 2020 2020 2020 2020 2068 6561 less hea\n+000481e0: 646c 6573 730a 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 dless.Multiboot \n+000481f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00048200: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 yes \n+00048210: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a yes.\n+00048220: 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7432 2020 2020 2020 Multiboot2 \n+00048230: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00048240: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00048250: 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a 3332 2d62 6974 yes.32-bit\n+00048260: 204c 696e 7578 2028 6c65 6761 6379 2070 Linux (legacy p\n+00048270: 726f 746f 636f 6c29 2020 2020 2020 206e rotocol) n\n+00048280: 6f20 2831 2920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 o (1) \n+00048290: 6e6f 2028 3129 0a36 342d 6269 7420 4c69 no (1).64-bit Li\n+000482a0: 6e75 7820 286c 6567 6163 7920 7072 6f74 nux (legacy prot\n+000482b0: 6f63 6f6c 2920 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 ocol) no (\n+000482c0: 3129 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 1) no \n+000482d0: 2831 290a 3332 2d62 6974 204c 696e 7578 (1).32-bit Linux\n+000482e0: 2028 6d6f 6465 726e 2070 726f 746f 636f (modern protoco\n+000482f0: 6c29 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 l) yes \n+00048300: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a 3634 yes.64\n+00048310: 2d62 6974 204c 696e 7578 2028 6d6f 6465 -bit Linux (mode\n+00048320: 726e 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c29 2020 2020 rn protocol) \n+00048330: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00048340: 2020 2020 7965 730a 3332 2d62 6974 2058 yes.32-bit X\n+00048350: 4e55 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 NU \n+00048360: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 yes\n+00048370: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 ye\n+00048380: 730a 3634 2d62 6974 2058 4e55 2020 2020 s.64-bit XNU \n+00048390: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000483a0: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2028 3429 2020 yes (4) \n+000483b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a 3332 2d62 yes.32-b\n+000483c0: 6974 2045 4649 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 it EFI chainload\n+000483d0: 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 er \n+000483e0: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000483f0: 2020 6e6f 2028 3329 0a36 342d 6269 7420 no (3).64-bit \n+00048400: 4546 4920 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 7220 EFI chainloader \n+00048410: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f no\n+00048420: 2028 3329 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 (3) y\n+00048430: 6573 0a41 7070 6c65 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 es.Appleloader \n+00048440: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00048450: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 yes \n+00048460: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a0a 2020 yes.. \n+00048470: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 00048480: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048490: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 6133 3220 ia32 \n-000484a0: 4945 4545 3132 3735 0a42 494f 5320 6368 IEEE1275.BIOS ch\n-000484b0: 6169 6e6c 6f61 6469 6e67 2020 2020 2020 ainloading \n-000484c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f no\n-000484d0: 2028 3129 0a4e 544c 4452 2020 2020 2020 (1).NTLDR \n+00048490: 2020 2069 6133 3220 4945 4545 3132 3735 ia32 IEEE1275\n+000484a0: 0a42 494f 5320 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6469 .BIOS chainloadi\n+000484b0: 6e67 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ng \n+000484c0: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 0a4e 544c no (1).NTL\n+000484d0: 4452 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 DR \n 000484e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000484f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 no (1)\n-00048500: 0a50 6c61 6e39 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .Plan9 \n-00048510: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048520: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 0a46 7265 no (1).Fre\n-00048530: 6544 4f53 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 eDOS \n-00048540: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048550: 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 0a46 7265 6542 5344 no (1).FreeBSD\n-00048560: 2062 6f6f 746c 6f61 6465 7220 2020 2020 bootloader \n-00048570: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6372 cr\n-00048580: 6173 6865 7320 2831 290a 3332 2d62 6974 ashes (1).32-bit\n-00048590: 206b 4672 6565 4253 4420 2020 2020 2020 kFreeBSD \n-000485a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 c\n-000485b0: 7261 7368 6573 2028 3529 0a36 342d 6269 rashes (5).64-bi\n-000485c0: 7420 6b46 7265 6542 5344 2020 2020 2020 t kFreeBSD \n-000485d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000485e0: 6372 6173 6865 7320 2835 290a 3332 2d62 crashes (5).32-b\n-000485f0: 6974 206b 4e65 7442 5344 2020 2020 2020 it kNetBSD \n-00048600: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048610: 2063 7261 7368 6573 2028 3129 0a36 342d crashes (1).64-\n-00048620: 6269 7420 6b4e 6574 4253 4420 2020 2020 bit kNetBSD \n-00048630: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048640: 2020 3f0a 3332 2d62 6974 206b 4f70 656e ?.32-bit kOpen\n-00048650: 4253 4420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 BSD \n-00048660: 2020 2020 2020 2020 203f 0a36 342d 6269 ?.64-bi\n-00048670: 7420 6b4f 7065 6e42 5344 2020 2020 2020 t kOpenBSD \n-00048680: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048690: 3f0a 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 2020 2020 ?.Multiboot \n-000486a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000486b0: 2020 2020 2020 203f 0a4d 756c 7469 626f ?.Multibo\n-000486c0: 6f74 3220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ot2 \n-000486d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3f0a ?.\n-000486e0: 3332 2d62 6974 204c 696e 7578 2028 6c65 32-bit Linux (le\n-000486f0: 6761 6379 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c29 2020 gacy protocol) \n-00048700: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a 3634 2d62 no (1).64-b\n-00048710: 6974 204c 696e 7578 2028 6c65 6761 6379 it Linux (legacy\n-00048720: 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c29 2020 2020 2020 protocol) \n-00048730: 206e 6f20 2831 290a 3332 2d62 6974 204c no (1).32-bit L\n-00048740: 696e 7578 2028 6d6f 6465 726e 2070 726f inux (modern pro\n-00048750: 746f 636f 6c29 2020 2020 2020 203f 0a36 tocol) ?.6\n-00048760: 342d 6269 7420 4c69 6e75 7820 286d 6f64 4-bit Linux (mod\n-00048770: 6572 6e20 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2920 2020 ern protocol) \n-00048780: 2020 2020 3f0a 3332 2d62 6974 2058 4e55 ?.32-bit XNU\n+000484f0: 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 0a50 6c61 6e39 2020 no (1).Plan9 \n+00048500: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00048510: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f no\n+00048520: 2028 3129 0a46 7265 6544 4f53 2020 2020 (1).FreeDOS \n+00048530: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00048540: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 no (1)\n+00048550: 0a46 7265 6542 5344 2062 6f6f 746c 6f61 .FreeBSD bootloa\n+00048560: 6465 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 der \n+00048570: 2020 2020 2020 6372 6173 6865 7320 2831 crashes (1\n+00048580: 290a 3332 2d62 6974 206b 4672 6565 4253 ).32-bit kFreeBS\n+00048590: 4420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 D \n+000485a0: 2020 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 2028 crashes (\n+000485b0: 3529 0a36 342d 6269 7420 6b46 7265 6542 5).64-bit kFreeB\n+000485c0: 5344 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 SD \n+000485d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6372 6173 6865 7320 crashes \n+000485e0: 2835 290a 3332 2d62 6974 206b 4e65 7442 (5).32-bit kNetB\n+000485f0: 5344 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 SD \n+00048600: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 crashes\n+00048610: 2028 3129 0a36 342d 6269 7420 6b4e 6574 (1).64-bit kNet\n+00048620: 4253 4420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 BSD \n+00048630: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3f0a 3332 2d62 ?.32-b\n+00048640: 6974 206b 4f70 656e 4253 4420 2020 2020 it kOpenBSD \n+00048650: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00048660: 203f 0a36 342d 6269 7420 6b4f 7065 6e42 ?.64-bit kOpenB\n+00048670: 5344 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 SD \n+00048680: 2020 2020 2020 2020 3f0a 4d75 6c74 6962 ?.Multib\n+00048690: 6f6f 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 oot \n+000486a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 203f ?\n+000486b0: 0a4d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 3220 2020 2020 .Multiboot2 \n+000486c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000486d0: 2020 2020 2020 3f0a 3332 2d62 6974 204c ?.32-bit L\n+000486e0: 696e 7578 2028 6c65 6761 6379 2070 726f inux (legacy pro\n+000486f0: 746f 636f 6c29 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 tocol) no \n+00048700: 2831 290a 3634 2d62 6974 204c 696e 7578 (1).64-bit Linux\n+00048710: 2028 6c65 6761 6379 2070 726f 746f 636f (legacy protoco\n+00048720: 6c29 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a l) no (1).\n+00048730: 3332 2d62 6974 204c 696e 7578 2028 6d6f 32-bit Linux (mo\n+00048740: 6465 726e 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c29 2020 dern protocol) \n+00048750: 2020 2020 203f 0a36 342d 6269 7420 4c69 ?.64-bit Li\n+00048760: 6e75 7820 286d 6f64 6572 6e20 7072 6f74 nux (modern prot\n+00048770: 6f63 6f6c 2920 2020 2020 2020 3f0a 3332 ocol) ?.32\n+00048780: 2d62 6974 2058 4e55 2020 2020 2020 2020 -bit XNU \n 00048790: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000487a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 203f 0a36 342d ?.64-\n-000487b0: 6269 7420 584e 5520 2020 2020 2020 2020 bit XNU \n-000487c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000487d0: 2020 3f0a 3332 2d62 6974 2045 4649 2063 ?.32-bit EFI c\n-000487e0: 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 2020 2020 hainloader \n-000487f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2832 290a no (2).\n-00048800: 3634 2d62 6974 2045 4649 2063 6861 696e 64-bit EFI chain\n-00048810: 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 loader \n-00048820: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2832 290a 4170 706c no (2).Appl\n-00048830: 656c 6f61 6465 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 eloader \n-00048840: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048850: 206e 6f20 2832 290a 0a20 2031 2e20 5265 no (2).. 1. Re\n-00048860: 7175 6972 6573 2042 494f 530a 2020 322e quires BIOS. 2.\n-00048870: 2045 4649 206f 6e6c 790a 2020 332e 2033 EFI only. 3. 3\n-00048880: 322d 6269 7420 616e 6420 3634 2d62 6974 2-bit and 64-bit\n-00048890: 2045 4649 2068 6176 6520 6469 6666 6572 EFI have differ\n-000488a0: 656e 7420 7374 7275 6374 7572 6573 2061 ent structures a\n-000488b0: 6e64 2077 6f72 6b20 696e 0a20 2020 2020 nd work in. \n-000488c0: 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 4350 5520 6d6f different CPU mo\n-000488d0: 6465 7320 736f 2069 7427 7320 6e6f 7420 des so it's not \n-000488e0: 706f 7373 6962 6c65 2074 6f20 6368 6169 possible to chai\n-000488f0: 6e6c 6f61 6420 3332 2d62 6974 0a20 2020 nload 32-bit. \n-00048900: 2020 626f 6f74 6c6f 6164 6572 206f 6e20 bootloader on \n-00048910: 3634 2d62 6974 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d20 64-bit platform \n-00048920: 616e 6420 7669 6365 2d76 6572 7361 0a20 and vice-versa. \n-00048930: 2034 2e20 536f 6d65 206d 6f64 756c 6573 4. Some modules\n-00048940: 206d 6179 206e 6565 6420 746f 2062 6520 may need to be \n-00048950: 6469 7361 626c 6564 0a20 2035 2e20 5265 disabled. 5. Re\n-00048960: 7175 6972 6573 2041 4350 490a 0a20 2020 quires ACPI.. \n-00048970: 506f 7765 7250 432c 2049 4136 3420 616e PowerPC, IA64 an\n-00048980: 6420 5370 6172 6336 3420 706f 7274 7320 d Sparc64 ports \n-00048990: 7375 7070 6f72 7420 6f6e 6c79 204c 696e support only Lin\n-000489a0: 7578 2e20 204d 4950 5320 706f 7274 0a73 ux. MIPS port.s\n-000489b0: 7570 706f 7274 7320 4c69 6e75 7820 616e upports Linux an\n-000489c0: 6420 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7432 2e0a 0a32 d multiboot2...2\n-000489d0: 322e 3120 426f 6f74 2074 6573 7473 0a3d 2.1 Boot tests.=\n-000489e0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a ==============..\n-000489f0: 4173 2079 6f75 2068 6176 6520 7365 656e As you have seen\n-00048a00: 2069 6e20 7072 6576 696f 7573 2063 6861 in previous cha\n-00048a10: 7074 6572 2074 6865 2073 7570 706f 7274 pter the support\n-00048a20: 206d 6174 7269 7820 6973 2070 7265 7474 matrix is prett\n-00048a30: 7920 6269 670a 616e 6420 736f 6d65 206f y big.and some o\n-00048a40: 6620 7468 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 f the configurat\n-00048a50: 696f 6e73 2061 7265 206f 6e6c 7920 7261 ions are only ra\n-00048a60: 7265 6c79 2075 7365 642e 2020 546f 2065 rely used. To e\n-00048a70: 6e73 7572 6520 7468 650a 7175 616c 6974 nsure the.qualit\n-00048a80: 7920 626f 6f74 6368 6563 6b73 2061 7265 y bootchecks are\n-00048a90: 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2066 6f72 2061 available for a\n-00048aa0: 6c6c 2078 3836 2074 6172 6765 7473 2065 ll x86 targets e\n-00048ab0: 7863 6570 7420 4546 490a 6368 6169 6e6c xcept EFI.chainl\n-00048ac0: 6f61 6465 722c 2041 7070 6c65 6c6f 6164 oader, Appleload\n-00048ad0: 6572 2061 6e64 2058 4e55 2e20 416c 6c20 er and XNU. All \n-00048ae0: 7838 3620 706c 6174 666f 726d 7320 6861 x86 platforms ha\n-00048af0: 7665 2062 6f6f 7463 6865 636b 0a66 6163 ve bootcheck.fac\n-00048b00: 696c 6974 7920 6578 6365 7074 2069 6565 ility except iee\n-00048b10: 6531 3237 352e 2020 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f e1275. Multiboo\n-00048b20: 742c 206d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 322c 2042 t, multiboot2, B\n-00048b30: 494f 5320 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 722c IOS chainloader,\n-00048b40: 0a6e 746c 6472 2061 6e64 2066 7265 6562 .ntldr and freeb\n-00048b50: 7364 2d62 6f6f 746c 6f61 6465 7220 626f sd-bootloader bo\n-00048b60: 6f74 2074 6172 6765 7473 2061 7265 2074 ot targets are t\n-00048b70: 6573 7465 6420 6f6e 6c79 2077 6974 6820 ested only with \n-00048b80: 6120 6661 6b65 0a6b 6572 6e65 6c20 696d a fake.kernel im\n-00048b90: 6167 6573 2e20 204f 6e6c 7920 4c69 6e75 ages. Only Linu\n-00048ba0: 7820 6973 2074 6573 7465 6420 616d 6f6e x is tested amon\n-00048bb0: 6720 7468 6520 7061 796c 6f61 6473 2075 g the payloads u\n-00048bc0: 7369 6e67 204c 696e 7578 0a70 726f 746f sing Linux.proto\n-00048bd0: 636f 6c73 2e0a 0a20 2020 466f 6c6c 6f77 cols... Follow\n-00048be0: 696e 6720 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 6d75 ing variables mu\n-00048bf0: 7374 2062 6520 6465 6669 6e65 643a 0a0a st be defined:..\n-00048c00: 4752 5542 5f50 4159 4c4f 4144 535f 4449 GRUB_PAYLOADS_DI\n-00048c10: 5220 2020 2020 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 R directory\n-00048c20: 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 696e 6720 7468 6520 containing the \n-00048c30: 7265 7175 6972 6564 206b 6572 6e65 6c73 required kernels\n-00048c40: 0a47 5255 425f 4342 4653 544f 4f4c 2020 .GRUB_CBFSTOOL \n-00048c50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6362 6673 746f 6f6c cbfstool\n-00048c60: 2066 726f 6d20 436f 7265 626f 6f74 2070 from Coreboot p\n-00048c70: 6163 6b61 6765 2028 666f 7220 636f 7265 ackage (for core\n-00048c80: 626f 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 boot. \n-00048c90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 706c 6174 plat\n-00048ca0: 666f 726d 206f 6e6c 7929 0a47 5255 425f form only).GRUB_\n-00048cb0: 434f 5245 424f 4f54 5f52 4f4d 2020 2020 COREBOOT_ROM \n-00048cc0: 2020 656d 7074 7920 436f 7265 626f 6f74 empty Coreboot\n-00048cd0: 2052 4f4d 0a47 5255 425f 5145 4d55 5f4f ROM.GRUB_QEMU_O\n-00048ce0: 5054 5320 2020 2020 2020 2020 6164 6469 PTS addi\n-00048cf0: 7469 6f6e 616c 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2074 tional options t\n-00048d00: 6f20 6265 2073 7570 706c 6965 6420 746f o be supplied to\n-00048d10: 2051 454d 550a 0a20 2020 5265 7175 6972 QEMU.. Requir\n-00048d20: 6564 2066 696c 6573 2061 7265 3a0a 0a6b ed files are:..k\n-00048d30: 6672 6565 6273 645f 656e 762e 6933 3836 freebsd_env.i386\n-00048d40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2033 322d 32-\n-00048d50: 6269 7420 6b46 7265 6542 5344 2064 6576 bit kFreeBSD dev\n-00048d60: 6963 6520 6869 6e74 730a 6b66 7265 6562 ice hints.kfreeb\n-00048d70: 7364 2e69 3338 3620 2020 2020 2020 2020 sd.i386 \n-00048d80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 3332 2d62 6974 2046 32-bit F\n-00048d90: 7265 6542 5344 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 696d reeBSD kernel im\n-00048da0: 6167 650a 6b66 7265 6562 7364 2e78 3836 age.kfreebsd.x86\n-00048db0: 5f36 342c 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 _64, \n-00048dc0: 2020 7361 6d65 2066 726f 6d20 3634 2d62 same from 64-b\n-00048dd0: 6974 206b 4672 6565 4253 440a 6b66 7265 it kFreeBSD.kfre\n-00048de0: 6562 7364 5f65 6e76 2e78 3836 5f36 340a ebsd_env.x86_64.\n-00048df0: 6b6e 6574 6273 642e 6933 3836 2020 2020 knetbsd.i386 \n-00048e00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3332 32\n-00048e10: 2d62 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2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6_64 \n-00048f10: 2020 2073 616d 6520 6672 6f6d 2036 342d same from 64-\n-00048f20: 6269 7420 6b4f 7065 6e42 5344 0a6c 696e bit kOpenBSD.lin\n-00048f30: 7578 2e69 3338 3620 2020 2020 2020 2020 ux.i386 \n-00048f40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2033 322d 6269 32-bi\n-00048f50: 7420 4c69 6e75 780a 6c69 6e75 782e 7838 t Linux.linux.x8\n-00048f60: 365f 3634 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6_64 \n-00048f70: 2020 2020 2020 3634 2d62 6974 204c 696e 64-bit Lin\n-00048f80: 7578 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 ux....File: grub\n-00048f90: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5472 .info, Node: Tr\n-00048fa0: 6f75 626c 6573 686f 6f74 696e 672c 2020 oubleshooting, \n-00048fb0: 4e65 7874 3a20 5573 6572 2d73 7061 6365 Next: User-space\n-00048fc0: 2075 7469 6c69 7469 6573 2c20 2050 7265 utilities, Pre\n-00048fd0: 763a 2053 7570 706f 7274 6564 206b 6572 v: Supported ker\n-00048fe0: 6e65 6c73 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a nels, Up: Top..\n-00048ff0: 3233 2045 7272 6f72 206d 6573 7361 6765 23 Error message\n-00049000: 7320 7072 6f64 7563 6564 2062 7920 4752 s produced by GR\n-00049010: 5542 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a UB.*************\n-00049020: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-00049030: 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a2a 204d 656e 753a 0a0a *****..* Menu:..\n-00049040: 2a20 4752 5542 206f 6e6c 7920 6f66 6665 * GRUB only offe\n-00049050: 7273 2061 2072 6573 6375 6520 7368 656c rs a rescue shel\n-00049060: 6c3a 3a0a 2a20 4669 726d 7761 7265 2073 l::.* Firmware s\n-00049070: 7461 6c6c 7320 696e 7374 6561 6420 6f66 talls instead of\n-00049080: 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2047 5255 423a 3a0a booting GRUB::.\n-00049090: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-000490a0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2047 5255 4220 fo, Node: GRUB \n-000490b0: 6f6e 6c79 206f 6666 6572 7320 6120 7265 only offers a re\n-000490c0: 7363 7565 2073 6865 6c6c 2c20 204e 6578 scue shell, Nex\n-000490d0: 743a 2046 6972 6d77 6172 6520 7374 616c t: Firmware stal\n-000490e0: 6c73 2069 6e73 7465 6164 206f 6620 626f ls instead of bo\n-000490f0: 6f74 696e 6720 4752 5542 2c20 2055 703a oting GRUB, Up:\n-00049100: 2054 726f 7562 6c65 7368 6f6f 7469 6e67 Troubleshooting\n-00049110: 0a0a 3233 2e31 2047 5255 4220 6f6e 6c79 ..23.1 GRUB only\n-00049120: 206f 6666 6572 7320 6120 7265 7363 7565 offers a rescue\n-00049130: 2073 6865 6c6c 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d shell.=========\n+000487a0: 2020 203f 0a36 342d 6269 7420 584e 5520 ?.64-bit XNU \n+000487b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000487c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3f0a 3332 2d62 ?.32-b\n+000487d0: 6974 2045 4649 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 it EFI chainload\n+000487e0: 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 er \n+000487f0: 206e 6f20 2832 290a 3634 2d62 6974 2045 no (2).64-bit E\n+00048800: 4649 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 FI chainloader \n+00048810: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 no \n+00048820: 2832 290a 4170 706c 656c 6f61 6465 7220 (2).Appleloader \n+00048830: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00048840: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2832 290a no (2).\n+00048850: 0a20 2031 2e20 5265 7175 6972 6573 2042 . 1. Requires B\n+00048860: 494f 530a 2020 322e 2045 4649 206f 6e6c IOS. 2. EFI onl\n+00048870: 790a 2020 332e 2033 322d 6269 7420 616e y. 3. 32-bit an\n+00048880: 6420 3634 2d62 6974 2045 4649 2068 6176 d 64-bit EFI hav\n+00048890: 6520 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 7374 7275 e different stru\n+000488a0: 6374 7572 6573 2061 6e64 2077 6f72 6b20 ctures and work \n+000488b0: 696e 0a20 2020 2020 6469 6666 6572 656e in. differen\n+000488c0: 7420 4350 5520 6d6f 6465 7320 736f 2069 t CPU modes so i\n+000488d0: 7427 7320 6e6f 7420 706f 7373 6962 6c65 t's not possible\n+000488e0: 2074 6f20 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6420 3332 to chainload 32\n+000488f0: 2d62 6974 0a20 2020 2020 626f 6f74 6c6f -bit. bootlo\n+00048900: 6164 6572 206f 6e20 3634 2d62 6974 2070 ader on 64-bit p\n+00048910: 6c61 7466 6f72 6d20 616e 6420 7669 6365 latform and vice\n+00048920: 2d76 6572 7361 0a20 2034 2e20 536f 6d65 -versa. 4. Some\n+00048930: 206d 6f64 756c 6573 206d 6179 206e 6565 modules may nee\n+00048940: 6420 746f 2062 6520 6469 7361 626c 6564 d to be disabled\n+00048950: 0a20 2035 2e20 5265 7175 6972 6573 2041 . 5. Requires A\n+00048960: 4350 490a 0a20 2020 506f 7765 7250 432c CPI.. PowerPC,\n+00048970: 2049 4136 3420 616e 6420 5370 6172 6336 IA64 and Sparc6\n+00048980: 3420 706f 7274 7320 7375 7070 6f72 7420 4 ports support \n+00048990: 6f6e 6c79 204c 696e 7578 2e20 204d 4950 only Linux. 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To ensure th\n+00048a70: 650a 7175 616c 6974 7920 626f 6f74 6368 e.quality bootch\n+00048a80: 6563 6b73 2061 7265 2061 7661 696c 6162 ecks are availab\n+00048a90: 6c65 2066 6f72 2061 6c6c 2078 3836 2074 le for all x86 t\n+00048aa0: 6172 6765 7473 2065 7863 6570 7420 4546 argets except EF\n+00048ab0: 490a 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 722c 2041 I.chainloader, A\n+00048ac0: 7070 6c65 6c6f 6164 6572 2061 6e64 2058 ppleloader and X\n+00048ad0: 4e55 2e20 416c 6c20 7838 3620 706c 6174 NU. 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O\n+00048b90: 6e6c 7920 4c69 6e75 7820 6973 2074 6573 nly Linux is tes\n+00048ba0: 7465 6420 616d 6f6e 6720 7468 6520 7061 ted among the pa\n+00048bb0: 796c 6f61 6473 2075 7369 6e67 204c 696e yloads using Lin\n+00048bc0: 7578 0a70 726f 746f 636f 6c73 2e0a 0a20 ux.protocols... \n+00048bd0: 2020 466f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 7661 7269 Following vari\n+00048be0: 6162 6c65 7320 6d75 7374 2062 6520 6465 ables must be de\n+00048bf0: 6669 6e65 643a 0a0a 4752 5542 5f50 4159 fined:..GRUB_PAY\n+00048c00: 4c4f 4144 535f 4449 5220 2020 2020 2064 LOADS_DIR d\n+00048c10: 6972 6563 746f 7279 2063 6f6e 7461 696e irectory contain\n+00048c20: 696e 6720 7468 6520 7265 7175 6972 6564 ing the required\n+00048c30: 206b 6572 6e65 6c73 0a47 5255 425f 4342 kernels.GRUB_CB\n+00048c40: 4653 544f 4f4c 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 FSTOOL \n+00048c50: 6362 6673 746f 6f6c 2066 726f 6d20 436f cbfstool from Co\n+00048c60: 7265 626f 6f74 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2028 reboot package (\n+00048c70: 666f 7220 636f 7265 626f 6f74 0a20 2020 for coreboot. \n+00048c80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00048c90: 2020 2020 706c 6174 666f 726d 206f 6e6c platform onl\n+00048ca0: 7929 0a47 5255 425f 434f 5245 424f 4f54 y).GRUB_COREBOOT\n+00048cb0: 5f52 4f4d 2020 2020 2020 656d 7074 7920 _ROM empty \n+00048cc0: 436f 7265 626f 6f74 2052 4f4d 0a47 5255 Coreboot ROM.GRU\n+00048cd0: 425f 5145 4d55 5f4f 5054 5320 2020 2020 B_QEMU_OPTS \n+00048ce0: 2020 2020 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 206f additional o\n+00048cf0: 7074 696f 6e73 2074 6f20 6265 2073 7570 ptions to be sup\n+00048d00: 706c 6965 6420 746f 2051 454d 550a 0a20 plied to QEMU.. \n+00048d10: 2020 5265 7175 6972 6564 2066 696c 6573 Required files\n+00048d20: 2061 7265 3a0a 0a6b 6672 6565 6273 645f are:..kfreebsd_\n+00048d30: 656e 762e 6933 3836 2020 2020 2020 2020 env.i386 \n+00048d40: 2020 2020 2033 322d 6269 7420 6b46 7265 32-bit kFre\n+00048d50: 6542 5344 2064 6576 6963 6520 6869 6e74 eBSD device hint\n+00048d60: 730a 6b66 7265 6562 7364 2e69 3338 3620 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niroot.kmod..kne\n+00048e60: 7462 7364 2e78 3836 5f36 342c 2020 2020 tbsd.x86_64, \n+00048e70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 616d 6520 same \n+00048e80: 6672 6f6d 2036 342d 6269 7420 6b4e 6574 from 64-bit kNet\n+00048e90: 4253 440a 6b6e 6574 6273 642e 6d69 6e69 BSD.knetbsd.mini\n+00048ea0: 726f 6f74 2e78 3836 5f36 340a 6b6f 7065 root.x86_64.kope\n+00048eb0: 6e62 7364 2e69 3338 3620 2020 2020 2020 nbsd.i386 \n+00048ec0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3332 2d62 6974 32-bit\n+00048ed0: 204f 7065 6e42 5344 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 OpenBSD kernel \n+00048ee0: 6273 642e 7264 2069 6d61 6765 0a6b 6f70 bsd.rd image.kop\n+00048ef0: 656e 6273 642e 7838 365f 3634 2020 2020 enbsd.x86_64 \n+00048f00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 616d 6520 same \n+00048f10: 6672 6f6d 2036 342d 6269 7420 6b4f 7065 from 64-bit kOpe\n+00048f20: 6e42 5344 0a6c 696e 7578 2e69 3338 3620 nBSD.linux.i386 \n+00048f30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00048f40: 2020 2033 322d 6269 7420 4c69 6e75 780a 32-bit Linux.\n+00048f50: 6c69 6e75 782e 7838 365f 3634 2020 2020 linux.x86_64 \n+00048f60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3634 64\n+00048f70: 2d62 6974 204c 696e 7578 0a0a 1f0a 4669 -bit Linux....Fi\n+00048f80: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n+00048f90: 4e6f 6465 3a20 5472 6f75 626c 6573 686f Node: Troublesho\n+00048fa0: 6f74 696e 672c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5573 oting, Next: Us\n+00048fb0: 6572 2d73 7061 6365 2075 7469 6c69 7469 er-space utiliti\n+00048fc0: 6573 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2053 7570 706f es, Prev: Suppo\n+00048fd0: 7274 6564 206b 6572 6e65 6c73 2c20 2055 rted kernels, U\n+00048fe0: 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 3233 2045 7272 6f72 p: Top..23 Error\n+00048ff0: 206d 6573 7361 6765 7320 7072 6f64 7563 messages produc\n+00049000: 6564 2062 7920 4752 5542 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a ed by GRUB.*****\n+00049010: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n+00049020: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a2a *************..*\n+00049030: 204d 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 4752 5542 206f Menu:..* GRUB o\n+00049040: 6e6c 7920 6f66 6665 7273 2061 2072 6573 nly offers a res\n+00049050: 6375 6520 7368 656c 6c3a 3a0a 2a20 4669 cue shell::.* Fi\n+00049060: 726d 7761 7265 2073 7461 6c6c 7320 696e rmware stalls in\n+00049070: 7374 6561 6420 6f66 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 stead of booting\n+00049080: 2047 5255 423a 3a0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a GRUB::....File:\n+00049090: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+000490a0: 653a 2047 5255 4220 6f6e 6c79 206f 6666 e: GRUB only off\n+000490b0: 6572 7320 6120 7265 7363 7565 2073 6865 ers a rescue she\n+000490c0: 6c6c 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2046 6972 6d77 ll, Next: Firmw\n+000490d0: 6172 6520 7374 616c 6c73 2069 6e73 7465 are stalls inste\n+000490e0: 6164 206f 6620 626f 6f74 696e 6720 4752 ad of booting GR\n+000490f0: 5542 2c20 2055 703a 2054 726f 7562 6c65 UB, Up: Trouble\n+00049100: 7368 6f6f 7469 6e67 0a0a 3233 2e31 2047 shooting..23.1 G\n+00049110: 5255 4220 6f6e 6c79 206f 6666 6572 7320 RUB only offers \n+00049120: 6120 7265 7363 7565 2073 6865 6c6c 0a3d a rescue shell.=\n+00049130: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n 00049140: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00049150: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a47 5255 ===========..GRU\n-00049160: 4227 7320 6e6f 726d 616c 2073 7461 7274 B's normal start\n-00049170: 2d75 7020 7072 6f63 6564 7572 6520 696e -up procedure in\n-00049180: 766f 6c76 6573 2073 6574 7469 6e67 2074 volves setting t\n-00049190: 6865 20e2 8098 7072 6566 6978 e280 990a he ...prefix....\n-000491a0: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n-000491b0: 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 6120 7661 6c75 6520 able to a value \n-000491c0: 7365 7420 696e 2074 6865 2063 6f72 6520 set in the core \n-000491d0: 696d 6167 6520 6279 20e2 8098 6772 7562 image by ...grub\n-000491e0: 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c e280 992c 0a73 6574 -install...,.set\n-000491f0: 7469 6e67 2074 6865 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 ting the ...root\n-00049200: e280 9920 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 ... variable to \n-00049210: 6d61 7463 682c 206c 6f61 6469 6e67 2074 match, loading t\n-00049220: 6865 20e2 8098 6e6f 726d 616c e280 9920 he ...normal... \n-00049230: 6d6f 6475 6c65 2066 726f 6d0a 7468 6520 module from.the \n-00049240: 7072 6566 6978 2c20 616e 6420 7275 6e6e prefix, and runn\n-00049250: 696e 6720 7468 6520 e280 986e 6f72 6d61 ing the ...norma\n-00049260: 6ce2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e l... command (*n\n-00049270: 6f74 6520 6e6f 726d 616c 3a3a 292e 2020 ote normal::). \n-00049280: 5468 6973 0a63 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 This.command is \n-00049290: 7265 7370 6f6e 7369 626c 6520 666f 7220 responsible for \n-000492a0: 7265 6164 696e 6720 e280 982f 626f 6f74 reading .../boot\n-000492b0: 2f67 7275 622f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 e280 /grub/grub.cfg..\n-000492c0: 992c 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 2074 6865 0a6d ., running the.m\n-000492d0: 656e 752c 2061 6e64 2064 6f69 6e67 2061 enu, and doing a\n-000492e0: 6c6c 2074 6865 2075 7365 6675 6c20 7468 ll the useful th\n-000492f0: 696e 6773 2047 5255 4220 6973 2073 7570 ings GRUB is sup\n-00049300: 706f 7365 6420 746f 2064 6f2e 0a0a 2020 posed to do... \n-00049310: 2049 662c 2069 6e73 7465 6164 2c20 796f If, instead, yo\n-00049320: 7520 6f6e 6c79 2067 6574 2061 2072 6573 u only get a res\n-00049330: 6375 6520 7368 656c 6c2c 2074 6869 7320 cue shell, this \n-00049340: 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 6d65 616e 7320 7468 usually means th\n-00049350: 6174 0a47 5255 4220 6661 696c 6564 2074 at.GRUB failed t\n-00049360: 6f20 6c6f 6164 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6e6f o load the ...no\n-00049370: 726d 616c e280 9920 6d6f 6475 6c65 2066 rmal... module f\n-00049380: 6f72 2073 6f6d 6520 7265 6173 6f6e 2e20 or some reason. \n-00049390: 2049 7420 6d61 7920 6265 0a70 6f73 7369 It may be.possi\n-000493a0: 626c 6520 746f 2077 6f72 6b20 6172 6f75 ble to work arou\n-000493b0: 6e64 2074 6869 7320 7465 6d70 6f72 6172 nd this temporar\n-000493c0: 696c 793a 2066 6f72 2069 6e73 7461 6e63 ily: for instanc\n-000493d0: 652c 2069 6620 7468 6520 7265 6173 6f6e e, if the reason\n-000493e0: 0a66 6f72 2074 6865 2066 6169 6c75 7265 .for the failure\n-000493f0: 2069 7320 7468 6174 20e2 8098 7072 6566 is that ...pref\n-00049400: 6978 e280 9920 6973 2077 726f 6e67 2028 ix... is wrong (\n-00049410: 7065 7268 6170 7320 6974 2072 6566 6572 perhaps it refer\n-00049420: 7320 746f 2074 6865 0a77 726f 6e67 2064 s to the.wrong d\n-00049430: 6576 6963 652c 206f 7220 7065 7268 6170 evice, or perhap\n-00049440: 7320 7468 6520 7061 7468 2074 6f20 e280 s the path to ..\n-00049450: 982f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 62e2 8099 2077 ./boot/grub... w\n-00049460: 6173 206e 6f74 2063 6f72 7265 6374 6c79 as not correctly\n-00049470: 206d 6164 650a 7265 6c61 7469 7665 2074 made.relative t\n-00049480: 6f20 7468 6520 6465 7669 6365 292c 2074 o the device), t\n-00049490: 6865 6e20 796f 7520 6361 6e20 636f 7272 hen you can corr\n-000494a0: 6563 7420 7468 6973 2061 6e64 2065 6e74 ect this and ent\n-000494b0: 6572 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 6d6f 6465 0a6d er normal mode.m\n-000494c0: 616e 7561 6c6c 793a 0a0a 2020 2020 2023 anually:.. #\n-000494d0: 2049 6e73 7065 6374 2074 6865 2063 7572 Inspect the cur\n-000494e0: 7265 6e74 2070 7265 6669 7820 2861 6e64 rent prefix (and\n-000494f0: 206f 7468 6572 2070 7265 7365 7420 7661 other preset va\n-00049500: 7269 6162 6c65 7329 3a0a 2020 2020 2073 riables):. s\n-00049510: 6574 0a20 2020 2020 2320 4669 6e64 206f et. # Find o\n-00049520: 7574 2077 6869 6368 2064 6576 6963 6573 ut which devices\n-00049530: 2061 7265 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 3a0a are available:.\n-00049540: 2020 2020 206c 730a 2020 2020 2023 2053 ls. # S\n-00049550: 6574 2074 6f20 7468 6520 636f 7272 6563 et to the correc\n-00049560: 7420 7661 6c75 652c 2077 6869 6368 206d t value, which m\n-00049570: 6967 6874 2062 6520 736f 6d65 7468 696e ight be somethin\n-00049580: 6720 6c69 6b65 2074 6869 733a 0a20 2020 g like this:. \n-00049590: 2020 7365 7420 7072 6566 6978 3d28 6864 set prefix=(hd\n-000495a0: 302c 3129 2f67 7275 620a 2020 2020 2073 0,1)/grub. s\n-000495b0: 6574 2072 6f6f 743d 2868 6430 2c31 290a et root=(hd0,1).\n-000495c0: 2020 2020 2069 6e73 6d6f 6420 6e6f 726d insmod norm\n-000495d0: 616c 0a20 2020 2020 6e6f 726d 616c 0a0a al. normal..\n-000495e0: 2020 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 616e 7920 However, any \n-000495f0: 7072 6f62 6c65 6d20 7468 6174 206c 6561 problem that lea\n-00049600: 7665 7320 796f 7520 696e 2074 6865 2072 ves you in the r\n-00049610: 6573 6375 6520 7368 656c 6c20 7072 6f62 escue shell prob\n-00049620: 6162 6c79 0a6d 6561 6e73 2074 6861 7420 ably.means that \n-00049630: 4752 5542 2077 6173 206e 6f74 2063 6f72 GRUB was not cor\n-00049640: 7265 6374 6c79 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 rectly installed\n-00049650: 2e20 2049 7420 6d61 7920 6265 206d 6f72 . It may be mor\n-00049660: 6520 7573 6566 756c 2074 6f0a 7472 7920 e useful to.try \n-00049670: 746f 2072 6569 6e73 7461 6c6c 2069 7420 to reinstall it \n-00049680: 7072 6f70 6572 6c79 2075 7369 6e67 20e2 properly using .\n-00049690: 8098 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 2044 ..grub-install D\n-000496a0: 4556 4943 45e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 EVICE... (*note \n-000496b0: 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 0a67 7275 622d 696e Invoking.grub-in\n-000496c0: 7374 616c 6c3a 3a29 2e20 2057 6865 6e20 stall::). When \n-000496d0: 646f 696e 6720 7468 6973 2c20 7468 6572 doing this, ther\n-000496e0: 6520 6172 6520 6120 6665 7720 7468 696e e are a few thin\n-000496f0: 6773 2074 6f20 7265 6d65 6d62 6572 3a0a gs to remember:.\n-00049700: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 4472 6976 6520 6f72 . ... Drive or\n-00049710: 6465 7269 6e67 2069 6e20 796f 7572 206f dering in your o\n-00049720: 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d20 perating system \n-00049730: 6d61 7920 6e6f 7420 6265 2074 6865 2073 may not be the s\n-00049740: 616d 6520 6173 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 ame as the. \n-00049750: 626f 6f74 2064 7269 7665 206f 7264 6572 boot drive order\n-00049760: 696e 6720 7573 6564 2062 7920 796f 7572 ing used by your\n-00049770: 2066 6972 6d77 6172 652e 2020 446f 206e firmware. Do n\n-00049780: 6f74 2061 7373 756d 6520 7468 6174 2079 ot assume that y\n-00049790: 6f75 720a 2020 2020 2066 6972 7374 2068 our. first h\n-000497a0: 6172 6420 6472 6976 6520 2865 2e67 2e20 ard drive (e.g. \n-000497b0: 20e2 8098 2f64 6576 2f73 6461 e280 9929 .../dev/sda...)\n-000497c0: 2069 7320 7468 6520 6f6e 6520 7468 6174 is the one that\n-000497d0: 2079 6f75 7220 6669 726d 7761 7265 0a20 your firmware. \n-000497e0: 2020 2020 7769 6c6c 2062 6f6f 7420 6672 will boot fr\n-000497f0: 6f6d 2e20 20e2 8098 6465 7669 6365 2e6d om. ...device.m\n-00049800: 6170 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2044 6576 ap... (*note Dev\n-00049810: 6963 6520 6d61 703a 3a29 2063 616e 2062 ice map::) can b\n-00049820: 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 206f e used to. o\n-00049830: 7665 7272 6964 6520 7468 6973 2c20 6275 verride this, bu\n-00049840: 7420 6974 2069 7320 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 t it is usually \n-00049850: 6265 7474 6572 2074 6f20 7573 6520 5555 better to use UU\n-00049860: 4944 7320 6f72 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 IDs or file syst\n-00049870: 656d 0a20 2020 2020 6c61 6265 6c73 2061 em. labels a\n-00049880: 6e64 2061 766f 6964 2064 6570 656e 6469 nd avoid dependi\n-00049890: 6e67 206f 6e20 6472 6976 6520 6f72 6465 ng on drive orde\n-000498a0: 7269 6e67 2065 6e74 6972 656c 792e 0a0a ring entirely...\n-000498b0: 2020 20e2 80a2 2041 7420 6c65 6173 7420 ... At least \n-000498c0: 6f6e 2042 494f 5320 7379 7374 656d 732c on BIOS systems,\n-000498d0: 2069 6620 796f 7520 7465 6c6c 20e2 8098 if you tell ...\n-000498e0: 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c e280 9920 grub-install... \n-000498f0: 746f 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 to install. \n-00049900: 4752 5542 2074 6f20 6120 7061 7274 6974 GRUB to a partit\n-00049910: 696f 6e20 6275 7420 4752 5542 2068 6173 ion but GRUB has\n-00049920: 2061 6c72 6561 6479 2062 6565 6e20 696e already been in\n-00049930: 7374 616c 6c65 6420 696e 2074 6865 0a20 stalled in the. \n-00049940: 2020 2020 6d61 7374 6572 2062 6f6f 7420 master boot \n-00049950: 7265 636f 7264 2c20 7468 656e 2074 6865 record, then the\n-00049960: 2047 5255 4220 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 GRUB installati\n-00049970: 6f6e 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7061 7274 6974 on in the partit\n-00049980: 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 2077 696c 6c20 6265 ion. will be\n-00049990: 2069 676e 6f72 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 ignored... ..\n-000499a0: a220 4966 2070 6f73 7369 626c 652c 2069 . If possible, i\n-000499b0: 7420 6973 2067 656e 6572 616c 6c79 2062 t is generally b\n-000499c0: 6573 7420 746f 2061 766f 6964 2069 6e73 est to avoid ins\n-000499d0: 7461 6c6c 696e 6720 4752 5542 2074 6f20 talling GRUB to \n-000499e0: 610a 2020 2020 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e a. partition\n-000499f0: 2028 756e 6c65 7373 2069 7420 6973 2061 (unless it is a\n-00049a00: 2073 7065 6369 616c 2070 6172 7469 7469 special partiti\n-00049a10: 6f6e 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2075 7365 206f on for the use o\n-00049a20: 6620 4752 5542 0a20 2020 2020 616c 6f6e f GRUB. alon\n-00049a30: 652c 2073 7563 6820 6173 2074 6865 2042 e, such as the B\n-00049a40: 494f 5320 426f 6f74 2050 6172 7469 7469 IOS Boot Partiti\n-00049a50: 6f6e 2075 7365 6420 6f6e 2047 5054 292e on used on GPT).\n-00049a60: 2044 6f69 6e67 2074 6869 730a 2020 2020 Doing this. \n-00049a70: 206d 6561 6e73 2074 6861 7420 4752 5542 means that GRUB\n-00049a80: 206d 6179 2073 746f 7020 6265 696e 6720 may stop being \n-00049a90: 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 7265 6164 2069 7473 able to read its\n-00049aa0: 2063 6f72 6520 696d 6167 6520 6475 6520 core image due \n-00049ab0: 746f 2061 0a20 2020 2020 6669 6c65 2073 to a. file s\n-00049ac0: 7973 7465 6d20 6d6f 7669 6e67 2062 6c6f ystem moving blo\n-00049ad0: 636b 7320 6172 6f75 6e64 2c20 7375 6368 cks around, such\n-00049ae0: 2061 7320 7768 696c 6520 6465 6672 6167 as while defrag\n-00049af0: 6d65 6e74 696e 672c 0a20 2020 2020 7275 menting,. ru\n-00049b00: 6e6e 696e 6720 6368 6563 6b73 2c20 6f72 nning checks, or\n-00049b10: 2065 7665 6e20 6475 7269 6e67 206e 6f72 even during nor\n-00049b20: 6d61 6c20 6f70 6572 6174 696f 6e2e 2020 mal operation. \n-00049b30: 496e 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 2074 6f20 7468 Installing to th\n-00049b40: 650a 2020 2020 2077 686f 6c65 2064 6973 e. whole dis\n-00049b50: 6b20 6465 7669 6365 2069 7320 6e6f 726d k device is norm\n-00049b60: 616c 6c79 206d 6f72 6520 726f 6275 7374 ally more robust\n-00049b70: 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 4368 6563 6b20 ... ... Check \n-00049b80: 7468 6174 2047 5255 4220 6163 7475 616c that GRUB actual\n-00049b90: 6c79 206b 6e6f 7773 2068 6f77 2074 6f20 ly knows how to \n-00049ba0: 7265 6164 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 6465 read from the de\n-00049bb0: 7669 6365 2061 6e64 2066 696c 650a 2020 vice and file. \n-00049bc0: 2020 2073 7973 7465 6d20 636f 6e74 6169 system contai\n-00049bd0: 6e69 6e67 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 ning .../boot/gr\n-00049be0: 7562 e280 992e 2020 4974 2077 696c 6c20 ub.... It will \n-00049bf0: 6e6f 7420 6265 2061 626c 6520 746f 2072 not be able to r\n-00049c00: 6561 6420 6672 6f6d 0a20 2020 2020 656e ead from. en\n-00049c10: 6372 7970 7465 6420 6465 7669 6365 7320 crypted devices \n-00049c20: 7769 7468 2075 6e73 7570 706f 7274 6564 with unsupported\n-00049c30: 2065 6e63 7279 7074 696f 6e20 7363 6865 encryption sche\n-00049c40: 6d65 2c20 6e6f 7220 6672 6f6d 2066 696c me, nor from fil\n-00049c50: 650a 2020 2020 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2066 e. systems f\n-00049c60: 6f72 2077 6869 6368 2073 7570 706f 7274 or which support\n-00049c70: 2068 6173 206e 6f74 2079 6574 2062 6565 has not yet bee\n-00049c80: 6e20 6164 6465 6420 746f 2047 5255 422e n added to GRUB.\n-00049c90: 0a0a ..\n+00049150: 3d3d 3d0a 0a47 5255 4227 7320 6e6f 726d ===..GRUB's norm\n+00049160: 616c 2073 7461 7274 2d75 7020 7072 6f63 al start-up proc\n+00049170: 6564 7572 6520 696e 766f 6c76 6573 2073 edure involves s\n+00049180: 6574 7469 6e67 2074 6865 20e2 8098 7072 etting the ...pr\n+00049190: 6566 6978 e280 990a 656e 7669 726f 6e6d efix....environm\n+000491a0: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 ent variable to \n+000491b0: 6120 7661 6c75 6520 7365 7420 696e 2074 a value set in t\n+000491c0: 6865 2063 6f72 6520 696d 6167 6520 6279 he core image by\n+000491d0: 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c ...grub-install\n+000491e0: e280 992c 0a73 6574 7469 6e67 2074 6865 ...,.setting the\n+000491f0: 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 e280 9920 7661 7269 ...root... vari\n+00049200: 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 6d61 7463 682c 206c able to match, l\n+00049210: 6f61 6469 6e67 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6e6f oading the ...no\n+00049220: 726d 616c e280 9920 6d6f 6475 6c65 2066 rmal... module f\n+00049230: 726f 6d0a 7468 6520 7072 6566 6978 2c20 rom.the prefix, \n+00049240: 616e 6420 7275 6e6e 696e 6720 7468 6520 and running the \n+00049250: e280 986e 6f72 6d61 6ce2 8099 2063 6f6d ...normal... com\n+00049260: 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6e6f 726d mand (*note norm\n+00049270: 616c 3a3a 292e 2020 5468 6973 0a63 6f6d al::). This.com\n+00049280: 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 7265 7370 6f6e 7369 mand is responsi\n+00049290: 626c 6520 666f 7220 7265 6164 696e 6720 ble for reading \n+000492a0: e280 982f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 622f 6772 .../boot/grub/gr\n+000492b0: 7562 2e63 6667 e280 992c 2072 756e 6e69 ub.cfg..., runni\n+000492c0: 6e67 2074 6865 0a6d 656e 752c 2061 6e64 ng the.menu, and\n+000492d0: 2064 6f69 6e67 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 2075 doing all the u\n+000492e0: 7365 6675 6c20 7468 696e 6773 2047 5255 seful things GRU\n+000492f0: 4220 6973 2073 7570 706f 7365 6420 746f B is supposed to\n+00049300: 2064 6f2e 0a0a 2020 2049 662c 2069 6e73 do... If, ins\n+00049310: 7465 6164 2c20 796f 7520 6f6e 6c79 2067 tead, you only g\n+00049320: 6574 2061 2072 6573 6375 6520 7368 656c et a rescue shel\n+00049330: 6c2c 2074 6869 7320 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 l, this usually \n+00049340: 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6174 0a47 5255 4220 means that.GRUB \n+00049350: 6661 696c 6564 2074 6f20 6c6f 6164 2074 failed to load t\n+00049360: 6865 20e2 8098 6e6f 726d 616c e280 9920 he ...normal... \n+00049370: 6d6f 6475 6c65 2066 6f72 2073 6f6d 6520 module for some \n+00049380: 7265 6173 6f6e 2e20 2049 7420 6d61 7920 reason. It may \n+00049390: 6265 0a70 6f73 7369 626c 6520 746f 2077 be.possible to w\n+000493a0: 6f72 6b20 6172 6f75 6e64 2074 6869 7320 ork around this \n+000493b0: 7465 6d70 6f72 6172 696c 793a 2066 6f72 temporarily: for\n+000493c0: 2069 6e73 7461 6e63 652c 2069 6620 7468 instance, if th\n+000493d0: 6520 7265 6173 6f6e 0a66 6f72 2074 6865 e reason.for the\n+000493e0: 2066 6169 6c75 7265 2069 7320 7468 6174 failure is that\n+000493f0: 20e2 8098 7072 6566 6978 e280 9920 6973 ...prefix... is\n+00049400: 2077 726f 6e67 2028 7065 7268 6170 7320 wrong (perhaps \n+00049410: 6974 2072 6566 6572 7320 746f 2074 6865 it refers to the\n+00049420: 0a77 726f 6e67 2064 6576 6963 652c 206f .wrong device, o\n+00049430: 7220 7065 7268 6170 7320 7468 6520 7061 r perhaps the pa\n+00049440: 7468 2074 6f20 e280 982f 626f 6f74 2f67 th to .../boot/g\n+00049450: 7275 62e2 8099 2077 6173 206e 6f74 2063 rub... was not c\n+00049460: 6f72 7265 6374 6c79 206d 6164 650a 7265 orrectly made.re\n+00049470: 6c61 7469 7665 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6465 lative to the de\n+00049480: 7669 6365 292c 2074 6865 6e20 796f 7520 vice), then you \n+00049490: 6361 6e20 636f 7272 6563 7420 7468 6973 can correct this\n+000494a0: 2061 6e64 2065 6e74 6572 206e 6f72 6d61 and enter norma\n+000494b0: 6c20 6d6f 6465 0a6d 616e 7561 6c6c 793a l mode.manually:\n+000494c0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2023 2049 6e73 7065 6374 .. # Inspect\n+000494d0: 2074 6865 2063 7572 7265 6e74 2070 7265 the current pre\n+000494e0: 6669 7820 2861 6e64 206f 7468 6572 2070 fix (and other p\n+000494f0: 7265 7365 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7329 reset variables)\n+00049500: 3a0a 2020 2020 2073 6574 0a20 2020 2020 :. set. \n+00049510: 2320 4669 6e64 206f 7574 2077 6869 6368 # Find out which\n+00049520: 2064 6576 6963 6573 2061 7265 2061 7661 devices are ava\n+00049530: 696c 6162 6c65 3a0a 2020 2020 206c 730a ilable:. ls.\n+00049540: 2020 2020 2023 2053 6574 2074 6f20 7468 # Set to th\n+00049550: 6520 636f 7272 6563 7420 7661 6c75 652c e correct value,\n+00049560: 2077 6869 6368 206d 6967 6874 2062 6520 which might be \n+00049570: 736f 6d65 7468 696e 6720 6c69 6b65 2074 something like t\n+00049580: 6869 733a 0a20 2020 2020 7365 7420 7072 his:. set pr\n+00049590: 6566 6978 3d28 6864 302c 3129 2f67 7275 efix=(hd0,1)/gru\n+000495a0: 620a 2020 2020 2073 6574 2072 6f6f 743d b. set root=\n+000495b0: 2868 6430 2c31 290a 2020 2020 2069 6e73 (hd0,1). ins\n+000495c0: 6d6f 6420 6e6f 726d 616c 0a20 2020 2020 mod normal. \n+000495d0: 6e6f 726d 616c 0a0a 2020 2048 6f77 6576 normal.. Howev\n+000495e0: 6572 2c20 616e 7920 7072 6f62 6c65 6d20 er, any problem \n+000495f0: 7468 6174 206c 6561 7665 7320 796f 7520 that leaves you \n+00049600: 696e 2074 6865 2072 6573 6375 6520 7368 in the rescue sh\n+00049610: 656c 6c20 7072 6f62 6162 6c79 0a6d 6561 ell probably.mea\n+00049620: 6e73 2074 6861 7420 4752 5542 2077 6173 ns that GRUB was\n+00049630: 206e 6f74 2063 6f72 7265 6374 6c79 2069 not correctly i\n+00049640: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2e20 2049 7420 6d61 nstalled. It ma\n+00049650: 7920 6265 206d 6f72 6520 7573 6566 756c y be more useful\n+00049660: 2074 6f0a 7472 7920 746f 2072 6569 6e73 to.try to reins\n+00049670: 7461 6c6c 2069 7420 7072 6f70 6572 6c79 tall it properly\n+00049680: 2075 7369 6e67 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d69 using ...grub-i\n+00049690: 6e73 7461 6c6c 2044 4556 4943 45e2 8099 nstall DEVICE...\n+000496a0: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 (*note Invoking\n+000496b0: 0a67 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c3a 3a29 .grub-install::)\n+000496c0: 2e20 2057 6865 6e20 646f 696e 6720 7468 . When doing th\n+000496d0: 6973 2c20 7468 6572 6520 6172 6520 6120 is, there are a \n+000496e0: 6665 7720 7468 696e 6773 2074 6f20 7265 few things to re\n+000496f0: 6d65 6d62 6572 3a0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 member:.. ... \n+00049700: 4472 6976 6520 6f72 6465 7269 6e67 2069 Drive ordering i\n+00049710: 6e20 796f 7572 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 n your operating\n+00049720: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6d61 7920 6e6f 7420 system may not \n+00049730: 6265 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6173 2074 be the same as t\n+00049740: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 626f 6f74 2064 7269 he. boot dri\n+00049750: 7665 206f 7264 6572 696e 6720 7573 6564 ve ordering used\n+00049760: 2062 7920 796f 7572 2066 6972 6d77 6172 by your firmwar\n+00049770: 652e 2020 446f 206e 6f74 2061 7373 756d e. Do not assum\n+00049780: 6520 7468 6174 2079 6f75 720a 2020 2020 e that your. \n+00049790: 2066 6972 7374 2068 6172 6420 6472 6976 first hard driv\n+000497a0: 6520 2865 2e67 2e20 20e2 8098 2f64 6576 e (e.g. .../dev\n+000497b0: 2f73 6461 e280 9929 2069 7320 7468 6520 /sda...) is the \n+000497c0: 6f6e 6520 7468 6174 2079 6f75 7220 6669 one that your fi\n+000497d0: 726d 7761 7265 0a20 2020 2020 7769 6c6c rmware. will\n+000497e0: 2062 6f6f 7420 6672 6f6d 2e20 20e2 8098 boot from. ...\n+000497f0: 6465 7669 6365 2e6d 6170 e280 9920 282a device.map... (*\n+00049800: 6e6f 7465 2044 6576 6963 6520 6d61 703a note Device map:\n+00049810: 3a29 2063 616e 2062 6520 7573 6564 2074 :) can be used t\n+00049820: 6f0a 2020 2020 206f 7665 7272 6964 6520 o. override \n+00049830: 7468 6973 2c20 6275 7420 6974 2069 7320 this, but it is \n+00049840: 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 6265 7474 6572 2074 usually better t\n+00049850: 6f20 7573 6520 5555 4944 7320 6f72 2066 o use UUIDs or f\n+00049860: 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d 0a20 2020 2020 ile system. \n+00049870: 6c61 6265 6c73 2061 6e64 2061 766f 6964 labels and avoid\n+00049880: 2064 6570 656e 6469 6e67 206f 6e20 6472 depending on dr\n+00049890: 6976 6520 6f72 6465 7269 6e67 2065 6e74 ive ordering ent\n+000498a0: 6972 656c 792e 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2041 irely... ... A\n+000498b0: 7420 6c65 6173 7420 6f6e 2042 494f 5320 t least on BIOS \n+000498c0: 7379 7374 656d 732c 2069 6620 796f 7520 systems, if you \n+000498d0: 7465 6c6c 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 tell ...grub-ins\n+000498e0: 7461 6c6c e280 9920 746f 2069 6e73 7461 tall... to insta\n+000498f0: 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 4752 5542 2074 6f20 ll. GRUB to \n+00049900: 6120 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6275 7420 a partition but \n+00049910: 4752 5542 2068 6173 2061 6c72 6561 6479 GRUB has already\n+00049920: 2062 6565 6e20 696e 7374 616c 6c65 6420 been installed \n+00049930: 696e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 7374 in the. mast\n+00049940: 6572 2062 6f6f 7420 7265 636f 7264 2c20 er boot record, \n+00049950: 7468 656e 2074 6865 2047 5255 4220 696e then the GRUB in\n+00049960: 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 2069 6e20 7468 stallation in th\n+00049970: 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 e partition. \n+00049980: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2069 676e 6f72 6564 will be ignored\n+00049990: 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 4966 2070 6f73 ... ... If pos\n+000499a0: 7369 626c 652c 2069 7420 6973 2067 656e sible, it is gen\n+000499b0: 6572 616c 6c79 2062 6573 7420 746f 2061 erally best to a\n+000499c0: 766f 6964 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e 6720 void installing \n+000499d0: 4752 5542 2074 6f20 610a 2020 2020 2070 GRUB to a. p\n+000499e0: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2028 756e 6c65 7373 artition (unless\n+000499f0: 2069 7420 6973 2061 2073 7065 6369 616c it is a special\n+00049a00: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 2074 partition for t\n+00049a10: 6865 2075 7365 206f 6620 4752 5542 0a20 he use of GRUB. \n+00049a20: 2020 2020 616c 6f6e 652c 2073 7563 6820 alone, such \n+00049a30: 6173 2074 6865 2042 494f 5320 426f 6f74 as the BIOS Boot\n+00049a40: 2050 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2075 7365 6420 Partition used \n+00049a50: 6f6e 2047 5054 292e 2044 6f69 6e67 2074 on GPT). Doing t\n+00049a60: 6869 730a 2020 2020 206d 6561 6e73 2074 his. means t\n+00049a70: 6861 7420 4752 5542 206d 6179 2073 746f hat GRUB may sto\n+00049a80: 7020 6265 696e 6720 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 p being able to \n+00049a90: 7265 6164 2069 7473 2063 6f72 6520 696d read its core im\n+00049aa0: 6167 6520 6475 6520 746f 2061 0a20 2020 age due to a. \n+00049ab0: 2020 6669 6c65 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6d6f file system mo\n+00049ac0: 7669 6e67 2062 6c6f 636b 7320 6172 6f75 ving blocks arou\n+00049ad0: 6e64 2c20 7375 6368 2061 7320 7768 696c nd, such as whil\n+00049ae0: 6520 6465 6672 6167 6d65 6e74 696e 672c e defragmenting,\n+00049af0: 0a20 2020 2020 7275 6e6e 696e 6720 6368 . running ch\n+00049b00: 6563 6b73 2c20 6f72 2065 7665 6e20 6475 ecks, or even du\n+00049b10: 7269 6e67 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 6f70 6572 ring normal oper\n+00049b20: 6174 696f 6e2e 2020 496e 7374 616c 6c69 ation. Installi\n+00049b30: 6e67 2074 6f20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2077 ng to the. w\n+00049b40: 686f 6c65 2064 6973 6b20 6465 7669 6365 hole disk device\n+00049b50: 2069 7320 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 206d 6f72 is normally mor\n+00049b60: 6520 726f 6275 7374 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 e robust... ..\n+00049b70: a220 4368 6563 6b20 7468 6174 2047 5255 . Check that GRU\n+00049b80: 4220 6163 7475 616c 6c79 206b 6e6f 7773 B actually knows\n+00049b90: 2068 6f77 2074 6f20 7265 6164 2066 726f how to read fro\n+00049ba0: 6d20 7468 6520 6465 7669 6365 2061 6e64 m the device and\n+00049bb0: 2066 696c 650a 2020 2020 2073 7973 7465 file. syste\n+00049bc0: 6d20 636f 6e74 6169 6e69 6e67 20e2 8098 m containing ...\n+00049bd0: 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 e280 992e 2020 /boot/grub.... \n+00049be0: 4974 2077 696c 6c20 6e6f 7420 6265 2061 It will not be a\n+00049bf0: 626c 6520 746f 2072 6561 6420 6672 6f6d ble to read from\n+00049c00: 0a20 2020 2020 656e 6372 7970 7465 6420 . encrypted \n+00049c10: 6465 7669 6365 7320 7769 7468 2075 6e73 devices with uns\n+00049c20: 7570 706f 7274 6564 2065 6e63 7279 7074 upported encrypt\n+00049c30: 696f 6e20 7363 6865 6d65 2c20 6e6f 7220 ion scheme, nor \n+00049c40: 6672 6f6d 2066 696c 650a 2020 2020 2073 from file. s\n+00049c50: 7973 7465 6d73 2066 6f72 2077 6869 6368 ystems for which\n+00049c60: 2073 7570 706f 7274 2068 6173 206e 6f74 support has not\n+00049c70: 2079 6574 2062 6565 6e20 6164 6465 6420 yet been added \n+00049c80: 746f 2047 5255 422e 0a0a to GRUB...\n"}]}, {"source1": "./usr/share/info/grub.info-2.gz", "source2": "./usr/share/info/grub.info-2.gz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "grub.info-2", "source2": "grub.info-2", "has_internal_linenos": true, "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3175 +1,3175 @@\n 00000000: 5468 6973 2069 7320 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 This is grub.inf\n 00000010: 6f2c 2070 726f 6475 6365 6420 6279 206d o, produced by m\n 00000020: 616b 6569 6e66 6f20 7665 7273 696f 6e20 akeinfo version \n 00000030: 372e 312e 3120 6672 6f6d 2067 7275 622e 7.1.1 from grub.\n 00000040: 7465 7869 2e0a 0a54 6869 7320 6d61 6e75 texi...This manu\n 00000050: 616c 2069 7320 666f 7220 474e 5520 4752 al is for GNU GR\n 00000060: 5542 2028 7665 7273 696f 6e20 322e 3132 UB (version 2.12\n-00000070: 2c20 3237 2046 6562 7275 6172 7920 3230 , 27 February 20\n-00000080: 3235 292e 0a0a 2020 2043 6f70 7972 6967 25)... Copyrig\n-00000090: 6874 20c2 a90a 3139 3939 2c32 3030 302c ht ...1999,2000,\n-000000a0: 3230 3031 2c32 3030 322c 3230 3034 2c32 2001,2002,2004,2\n-000000b0: 3030 362c 3230 3038 2c32 3030 392c 3230 006,2008,2009,20\n-000000c0: 3130 2c32 3031 312c 3230 3132 2c32 3031 10,2011,2012,201\n-000000d0: 3320 4672 6565 0a53 6f66 7477 6172 6520 3 Free.Software \n-000000e0: 466f 756e 6461 7469 6f6e 2c20 496e 632e Foundation, Inc.\n-000000f0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2050 6572 6d69 7373 696f .. 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Ve\n-00000180: 7273 696f 6e20 312e 3220 6f72 2061 6e79 rsion 1.2 or any\n-00000190: 206c 6174 6572 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2070 later version p\n-000001a0: 7562 6c69 7368 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 ublished by the \n-000001b0: 4672 6565 2053 6f66 7477 6172 650a 2020 Free Software. \n-000001c0: 2020 2046 6f75 6e64 6174 696f 6e3b 2077 Foundation; w\n-000001d0: 6974 6820 6e6f 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 ith no Invariant\n-000001e0: 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 732e 0a49 4e46 4f2d Sections..INFO-\n-000001f0: 4449 522d 5345 4354 494f 4e20 4b65 726e DIR-SECTION Kern\n-00000200: 656c 0a53 5441 5254 2d49 4e46 4f2d 4449 el.START-INFO-DI\n-00000210: 522d 454e 5452 590a 2a20 4752 5542 3a20 R-ENTRY.* GRUB: \n-00000220: 2867 7275 6229 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 (grub). \n-00000230: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 4752 616e The GRan\n-00000240: 6420 556e 6966 6965 6420 426f 6f74 6c6f d Unified Bootlo\n-00000250: 6164 6572 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 ader.* grub-inst\n-00000260: 616c 6c3a 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b all: (grub)Invok\n-00000270: 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c ing grub-install\n-00000280: 2e20 2020 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 . Install GRU\n-00000290: 4220 6f6e 2079 6f75 7220 6472 6976 650a B on your drive.\n-000002a0: 2a20 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 673a * grub-mkconfig:\n-000002b0: 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 (grub)Invoking \n-000002c0: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 672e 2020 grub-mkconfig. \n-000002d0: 4765 6e65 7261 7465 2047 5255 4220 636f Generate GRUB co\n-000002e0: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e0a 2a20 6772 nfiguration.* gr\n-000002f0: 7562 2d6d 6b70 6173 7377 642d 7062 6b64 ub-mkpasswd-pbkd\n-00000300: 6632 3a20 2867 7275 6229 496e 766f 6b69 f2: (grub)Invoki\n-00000310: 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 7373 7764 ng grub-mkpasswd\n-00000320: 2d70 626b 6466 322e 0a2a 2067 7275 622d -pbkdf2..* grub-\n-00000330: 6d6b 7265 6c70 6174 683a 2028 6772 7562 mkrelpath: (grub\n-00000340: 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d )Invoking grub-m\n-00000350: 6b72 656c 7061 7468 2e0a 2a20 6772 7562 krelpath..* grub\n-00000360: 2d6d 6b72 6573 6375 653a 2028 6772 7562 -mkrescue: (grub\n-00000370: 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d )Invoking grub-m\n-00000380: 6b72 6573 6375 652e 2020 4d61 6b65 2061 krescue. Make a\n-00000390: 2047 5255 4220 7265 7363 7565 2069 6d61 GRUB rescue ima\n-000003a0: 6765 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 6d6f 756e 743a ge.* grub-mount:\n-000003b0: 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 (grub)Invoking \n-000003c0: 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 2e20 2020 2020 grub-mount. \n-000003d0: 2020 204d 6f75 6e74 2061 2066 696c 6520 Mount a file \n-000003e0: 7379 7374 656d 2075 7369 6e67 2047 5255 system using GRU\n-000003f0: 420a 2a20 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 3a20 B.* grub-probe: \n-00000400: 2867 7275 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 (grub)Invoking g\n-00000410: 7275 622d 7072 6f62 652e 2020 2020 2020 rub-probe. \n-00000420: 2020 5072 6f62 6520 6465 7669 6365 2069 Probe device i\n-00000430: 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 0a2a 2067 7275 nformation.* gru\n-00000440: 622d 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 3a20 b-script-check: \n-00000450: 2867 7275 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 (grub)Invoking g\n-00000460: 7275 622d 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b rub-script-check\n-00000470: 2e0a 454e 442d 494e 464f 2d44 4952 2d45 ..END-INFO-DIR-E\n-00000480: 4e54 5259 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 NTRY....File: gr\n-00000490: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-000004a0: 4669 726d 7761 7265 2073 7461 6c6c 7320 Firmware stalls \n-000004b0: 696e 7374 6561 6420 6f66 2062 6f6f 7469 instead of booti\n-000004c0: 6e67 2047 5255 422c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 ng GRUB, Prev: \n-000004d0: 4752 5542 206f 6e6c 7920 6f66 6665 7273 GRUB only offers\n-000004e0: 2061 2072 6573 6375 6520 7368 656c 6c2c a rescue shell,\n-000004f0: 2020 5570 3a20 5472 6f75 626c 6573 686f Up: Troublesho\n-00000500: 6f74 696e 670a 0a32 332e 3220 4669 726d oting..23.2 Firm\n-00000510: 7761 7265 2073 7461 6c6c 7320 696e 7374 ware stalls inst\n-00000520: 6561 6420 6f66 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2047 ead of booting G\n-00000530: 5255 420a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d RUB.============\n+00000070: 2c20 3220 4170 7269 6c20 3230 3236 292e , 2 April 2026).\n+00000080: 0a0a 2020 2043 6f70 7972 6967 6874 20c2 .. Copyright .\n+00000090: a90a 3139 3939 2c32 3030 302c 3230 3031 ..1999,2000,2001\n+000000a0: 2c32 3030 322c 3230 3034 2c32 3030 362c ,2002,2004,2006,\n+000000b0: 3230 3038 2c32 3030 392c 3230 3130 2c32 2008,2009,2010,2\n+000000c0: 3031 312c 3230 3132 2c32 3031 3320 4672 011,2012,2013 Fr\n+000000d0: 6565 0a53 6f66 7477 6172 6520 466f 756e ee.Software Foun\n+000000e0: 6461 7469 6f6e 2c20 496e 632e 0a0a 2020 dation, Inc... \n+000000f0: 2020 2050 6572 6d69 7373 696f 6e20 6973 Permission is\n+00000100: 2067 7261 6e74 6564 2074 6f20 636f 7079 granted to copy\n+00000110: 2c20 6469 7374 7269 6275 7465 2061 6e64 , distribute and\n+00000120: 2f6f 7220 6d6f 6469 6679 2074 6869 730a /or modify this.\n+00000130: 2020 2020 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7420 756e document un\n+00000140: 6465 7220 7468 6520 7465 726d 7320 6f66 der the terms of\n+00000150: 2074 6865 2047 4e55 2046 7265 6520 446f the GNU Free Do\n+00000160: 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 4c69 6365 cumentation Lice\n+00000170: 6e73 652c 0a20 2020 2020 5665 7273 696f nse,. Versio\n+00000180: 6e20 312e 3220 6f72 2061 6e79 206c 6174 n 1.2 or any lat\n+00000190: 6572 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2070 7562 6c69 er version publi\n+000001a0: 7368 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 4672 6565 shed by the Free\n+000001b0: 2053 6f66 7477 6172 650a 2020 2020 2046 Software. F\n+000001c0: 6f75 6e64 6174 696f 6e3b 2077 6974 6820 oundation; with \n+000001d0: 6e6f 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 2053 6563 no Invariant Sec\n+000001e0: 7469 6f6e 732e 0a49 4e46 4f2d 4449 522d tions..INFO-DIR-\n+000001f0: 5345 4354 494f 4e20 4b65 726e 656c 0a53 SECTION Kernel.S\n+00000200: 5441 5254 2d49 4e46 4f2d 4449 522d 454e TART-INFO-DIR-EN\n+00000210: 5452 590a 2a20 4752 5542 3a20 2867 7275 TRY.* GRUB: (gru\n+00000220: 6229 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 b). \n+00000230: 2020 2020 5468 6520 4752 616e 6420 556e The GRand Un\n+00000240: 6966 6965 6420 426f 6f74 6c6f 6164 6572 ified Bootloader\n+00000250: 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c3a .* grub-install:\n+00000260: 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 (grub)Invoking \n+00000270: 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 2e20 2020 grub-install. \n+00000280: 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 4220 6f6e Install GRUB on\n+00000290: 2079 6f75 7220 6472 6976 650a 2a20 6772 your drive.* gr\n+000002a0: 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 673a 2028 6772 ub-mkconfig: (gr\n+000002b0: 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 ub)Invoking grub\n+000002c0: 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 672e 2020 4765 6e65 -mkconfig. Gene\n+000002d0: 7261 7465 2047 5255 4220 636f 6e66 6967 rate GRUB config\n+000002e0: 7572 6174 696f 6e0a 2a20 6772 7562 2d6d uration.* grub-m\n+000002f0: 6b70 6173 7377 642d 7062 6b64 6632 3a20 kpasswd-pbkdf2: \n+00000300: 2867 7275 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 (grub)Invoking g\n+00000310: 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 7373 7764 2d70 626b rub-mkpasswd-pbk\n+00000320: 6466 322e 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 df2..* grub-mkre\n+00000330: 6c70 6174 683a 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 lpath: (grub)Inv\n+00000340: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 656c oking grub-mkrel\n+00000350: 7061 7468 2e0a 2a20 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 path..* grub-mkr\n+00000360: 6573 6375 653a 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 escue: (grub)Inv\n+00000370: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 6573 oking grub-mkres\n+00000380: 6375 652e 2020 4d61 6b65 2061 2047 5255 cue. Make a GRU\n+00000390: 4220 7265 7363 7565 2069 6d61 6765 0a2a B rescue image.*\n+000003a0: 2067 7275 622d 6d6f 756e 743a 2028 6772 grub-mount: (gr\n+000003b0: 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 ub)Invoking grub\n+000003c0: 2d6d 6f75 6e74 2e20 2020 2020 2020 204d -mount. M\n+000003d0: 6f75 6e74 2061 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 ount a file syst\n+000003e0: 656d 2075 7369 6e67 2047 5255 420a 2a20 em using GRUB.* \n+000003f0: 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 3a20 2867 7275 grub-probe: (gru\n+00000400: 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d b)Invoking grub-\n+00000410: 7072 6f62 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 5072 probe. Pr\n+00000420: 6f62 6520 6465 7669 6365 2069 6e66 6f72 obe device infor\n+00000430: 6d61 7469 6f6e 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 7363 mation.* grub-sc\n+00000440: 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 3a20 2867 7275 ript-check: (gru\n+00000450: 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d b)Invoking grub-\n+00000460: 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 2e0a 454e script-check..EN\n+00000470: 442d 494e 464f 2d44 4952 2d45 4e54 5259 D-INFO-DIR-ENTRY\n+00000480: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+00000490: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4669 726d nfo, Node: Firm\n+000004a0: 7761 7265 2073 7461 6c6c 7320 696e 7374 ware stalls inst\n+000004b0: 6561 6420 6f66 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2047 ead of booting G\n+000004c0: 5255 422c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4752 5542 RUB, Prev: GRUB\n+000004d0: 206f 6e6c 7920 6f66 6665 7273 2061 2072 only offers a r\n+000004e0: 6573 6375 6520 7368 656c 6c2c 2020 5570 escue shell, Up\n+000004f0: 3a20 5472 6f75 626c 6573 686f 6f74 696e : Troubleshootin\n+00000500: 670a 0a32 332e 3220 4669 726d 7761 7265 g..23.2 Firmware\n+00000510: 2073 7461 6c6c 7320 696e 7374 6561 6420 stalls instead \n+00000520: 6f66 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2047 5255 420a of booting GRUB.\n+00000530: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n 00000540: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00000550: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00000560: 0a0a 5468 6520 4546 4920 696d 706c 656d ..The EFI implem\n-00000570: 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 736f 6d65 entation of some\n-00000580: 206f 6c64 6572 204d 6163 426f 6f6b 206c older MacBook l\n-00000590: 6170 746f 7073 2073 7461 6c6c 7320 7768 aptops stalls wh\n-000005a0: 656e 2069 7420 6765 7473 0a70 7265 7365 en it gets.prese\n-000005b0: 6e74 6564 2061 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 nted a grub-mkre\n-000005c0: 7363 7565 2049 534f 2069 6d61 6765 2066 scue ISO image f\n-000005d0: 6f72 2078 3836 5f36 342d 6566 6920 7461 or x86_64-efi ta\n-000005e0: 7267 6574 206f 6e20 616e 2055 5342 0a73 rget on an USB.s\n-000005f0: 7469 636b 2e20 2041 6666 6563 7465 6420 tick. Affected \n-00000600: 6172 6520 6d6f 6465 6c73 206f 6620 7965 are models of ye\n-00000610: 6172 2032 3031 3020 6f72 2065 6172 6c69 ar 2010 or earli\n-00000620: 6572 2e20 2057 6f72 6b61 726f 756e 6420 er. Workaround \n-00000630: 6973 2074 6f0a 7a65 726f 697a 6520 7468 is to.zeroize th\n-00000640: 6520 6279 7465 7320 3434 3620 746f 2034 e bytes 446 to 4\n-00000650: 3631 206f 6620 7468 6520 4546 4920 7061 61 of the EFI pa\n-00000660: 7274 6974 696f 6e2c 2077 6865 7265 206d rtition, where m\n-00000670: 666f 726d 6174 2068 6173 2070 7574 0a61 format has put.a\n-00000680: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2074 6162 6c65 partition table\n-00000690: 2065 6e74 7279 2077 6869 6368 2063 6c61 entry which cla\n-000006a0: 696d 7320 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7374 ims partition st\n-000006b0: 6172 7420 6174 2062 6c6f 636b 2030 2e20 art at block 0. \n-000006c0: 2054 6869 730a 6368 616e 6765 2077 696c This.change wil\n-000006d0: 6c20 6e6f 7420 6861 6d70 6572 2062 6f6f l not hamper boo\n-000006e0: 7461 6269 6c69 7479 206f 6e20 6f74 6865 tability on othe\n-000006f0: 7220 6d61 6368 696e 6573 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 r machines.....F\n-00000700: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-00000710: 204e 6f64 653a 2055 7365 722d 7370 6163 Node: User-spac\n-00000720: 6520 7574 696c 6974 6965 732c 2020 4e65 e utilities, Ne\n-00000730: 7874 3a20 4f62 7461 696e 696e 6720 616e xt: Obtaining an\n-00000740: 6420 4275 696c 6469 6e67 2047 5255 422c d Building GRUB,\n-00000750: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5472 6f75 626c 6573 Prev: Troubles\n-00000760: 686f 6f74 696e 672c 2020 5570 3a20 546f hooting, Up: To\n-00000770: 700a 0a32 3420 5573 6572 2d73 7061 6365 p..24 User-space\n-00000780: 2075 7469 6c69 7469 6573 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a utilities.*****\n-00000790: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-000007a0: 2a2a 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2049 **..* Menu:..* I\n-000007b0: 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 nvoking grub-ins\n-000007c0: 7461 6c6c 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2048 6f77 tall:: How\n-000007d0: 2074 6f20 7573 6520 7468 6520 4752 5542 to use the GRUB\n-000007e0: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6572 0a2a 2049 6e76 installer.* Inv\n-000007f0: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e oking grub-mkcon\n-00000800: 6669 673a 3a20 2020 2020 2047 656e 6572 fig:: Gener\n-00000810: 6174 6520 6120 4752 5542 2063 6f6e 6669 ate a GRUB confi\n-00000820: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 650a 2a20 guration file.* \n-00000830: 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b Invoking grub-mk\n-00000840: 7061 7373 7764 2d70 626b 6466 323a 3a0a passwd-pbkdf2::.\n+00000550: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 ============..Th\n+00000560: 6520 4546 4920 696d 706c 656d 656e 7461 e EFI implementa\n+00000570: 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 736f 6d65 206f 6c64 tion of some old\n+00000580: 6572 204d 6163 426f 6f6b 206c 6170 746f er MacBook lapto\n+00000590: 7073 2073 7461 6c6c 7320 7768 656e 2069 ps stalls when i\n+000005a0: 7420 6765 7473 0a70 7265 7365 6e74 6564 t gets.presented\n+000005b0: 2061 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 a grub-mkrescue\n+000005c0: 2049 534f 2069 6d61 6765 2066 6f72 2078 ISO image for x\n+000005d0: 3836 5f36 342d 6566 6920 7461 7267 6574 86_64-efi target\n+000005e0: 206f 6e20 616e 2055 5342 0a73 7469 636b on an USB.stick\n+000005f0: 2e20 2041 6666 6563 7465 6420 6172 6520 . Affected are \n+00000600: 6d6f 6465 6c73 206f 6620 7965 6172 2032 models of year 2\n+00000610: 3031 3020 6f72 2065 6172 6c69 6572 2e20 010 or earlier. \n+00000620: 2057 6f72 6b61 726f 756e 6420 6973 2074 Workaround is t\n+00000630: 6f0a 7a65 726f 697a 6520 7468 6520 6279 o.zeroize the by\n+00000640: 7465 7320 3434 3620 746f 2034 3631 206f tes 446 to 461 o\n+00000650: 6620 7468 6520 4546 4920 7061 7274 6974 f the EFI partit\n+00000660: 696f 6e2c 2077 6865 7265 206d 666f 726d ion, where mform\n+00000670: 6174 2068 6173 2070 7574 0a61 2070 6172 at has put.a par\n+00000680: 7469 7469 6f6e 2074 6162 6c65 2065 6e74 tition table ent\n+00000690: 7279 2077 6869 6368 2063 6c61 696d 7320 ry which claims \n+000006a0: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7374 6172 7420 partition start \n+000006b0: 6174 2062 6c6f 636b 2030 2e20 2054 6869 at block 0. Thi\n+000006c0: 730a 6368 616e 6765 2077 696c 6c20 6e6f s.change will no\n+000006d0: 7420 6861 6d70 6572 2062 6f6f 7461 6269 t hamper bootabi\n+000006e0: 6c69 7479 206f 6e20 6f74 6865 7220 6d61 lity on other ma\n+000006f0: 6368 696e 6573 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a chines.....File:\n+00000700: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+00000710: 653a 2055 7365 722d 7370 6163 6520 7574 e: User-space ut\n+00000720: 696c 6974 6965 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 ilities, Next: \n+00000730: 4f62 7461 696e 696e 6720 616e 6420 4275 Obtaining and Bu\n+00000740: 696c 6469 6e67 2047 5255 422c 2020 5072 ilding GRUB, Pr\n+00000750: 6576 3a20 5472 6f75 626c 6573 686f 6f74 ev: Troubleshoot\n+00000760: 696e 672c 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a32 ing, Up: Top..2\n+00000770: 3420 5573 6572 2d73 7061 6365 2075 7469 4 User-space uti\n+00000780: 6c69 7469 6573 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a lities.*********\n+00000790: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a **************..\n+000007a0: 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2049 6e76 6f6b * Menu:..* Invok\n+000007b0: 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c ing grub-install\n+000007c0: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2048 6f77 2074 6f20 :: How to \n+000007d0: 7573 6520 7468 6520 4752 5542 2069 6e73 use the GRUB ins\n+000007e0: 7461 6c6c 6572 0a2a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e taller.* Invokin\n+000007f0: 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 673a g grub-mkconfig:\n+00000800: 3a20 2020 2020 2047 656e 6572 6174 6520 : Generate \n+00000810: 6120 4752 5542 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 a GRUB configura\n+00000820: 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 650a 2a20 496e 766f tion file.* Invo\n+00000830: 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 7373 king grub-mkpass\n+00000840: 7764 2d70 626b 6466 323a 3a0a 2020 2020 wd-pbkdf2::. \n 00000850: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00000860: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00000870: 4765 6e65 7261 7465 2047 5255 4220 7061 Generate GRUB pa\n-00000880: 7373 776f 7264 2068 6173 6865 730a 2a20 ssword hashes.* \n-00000890: 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b Invoking grub-mk\n-000008a0: 7265 6c70 6174 683a 3a20 2020 2020 4d61 relpath:: Ma\n-000008b0: 6b65 2073 7973 7465 6d20 7061 7468 2072 ke system path r\n-000008c0: 656c 6174 6976 6520 746f 2069 7473 2072 elative to its r\n-000008d0: 6f6f 740a 2a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 oot.* Invoking g\n-000008e0: 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 3a3a 2020 rub-mkrescue:: \n-000008f0: 2020 2020 4d61 6b65 2061 2047 5255 4220 Make a GRUB \n-00000900: 7265 7363 7565 2069 6d61 6765 0a2a 2049 rescue image.* I\n-00000910: 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 nvoking grub-mou\n-00000920: 6e74 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 204d 6f75 nt:: Mou\n-00000930: 6e74 2061 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d nt a file system\n-00000940: 2075 7369 6e67 2047 5255 420a 2a20 496e using GRUB.* In\n-00000950: 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 7072 6f62 voking grub-prob\n-00000960: 653a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 5072 6f62 e:: Prob\n-00000970: 6520 6465 7669 6365 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 e device informa\n-00000980: 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 2047 5255 420a 2a20 tion for GRUB.* \n-00000990: 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 7363 Invoking grub-sc\n-000009a0: 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 3a3a 2020 4368 ript-check:: Ch\n-000009b0: 6563 6b20 4752 5542 2073 6372 6970 7420 eck GRUB script \n-000009c0: 6669 6c65 2066 6f72 2073 796e 7461 7820 file for syntax \n-000009d0: 6572 726f 7273 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 errors....File: \n-000009e0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-000009f0: 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d : Invoking grub-\n-00000a00: 696e 7374 616c 6c2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 install, Next: \n-00000a10: 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b Invoking grub-mk\n-00000a20: 636f 6e66 6967 2c20 2055 703a 2055 7365 config, Up: Use\n-00000a30: 722d 7370 6163 6520 7574 696c 6974 6965 r-space utilitie\n-00000a40: 730a 0a32 342e 3120 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 s..24.1 Invoking\n-00000a50: 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c0a 3d3d grub-install.==\n+00000860: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4765 6e65 Gene\n+00000870: 7261 7465 2047 5255 4220 7061 7373 776f rate GRUB passwo\n+00000880: 7264 2068 6173 6865 730a 2a20 496e 766f rd hashes.* Invo\n+00000890: 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 6c70 king grub-mkrelp\n+000008a0: 6174 683a 3a20 2020 2020 4d61 6b65 2073 ath:: Make s\n+000008b0: 7973 7465 6d20 7061 7468 2072 656c 6174 ystem path relat\n+000008c0: 6976 6520 746f 2069 7473 2072 6f6f 740a ive to its root.\n+000008d0: 2a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d * Invoking grub-\n+000008e0: 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 mkrescue:: \n+000008f0: 4d61 6b65 2061 2047 5255 4220 7265 7363 Make a GRUB resc\n+00000900: 7565 2069 6d61 6765 0a2a 2049 6e76 6f6b ue image.* Invok\n+00000910: 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 3a3a ing grub-mount::\n+00000920: 2020 2020 2020 2020 204d 6f75 6e74 2061 Mount a\n+00000930: 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d 2075 7369 file system usi\n+00000940: 6e67 2047 5255 420a 2a20 496e 766f 6b69 ng GRUB.* Invoki\n+00000950: 6e67 2067 7275 622d 7072 6f62 653a 3a20 ng grub-probe:: \n+00000960: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5072 6f62 6520 6465 Probe de\n+00000970: 7669 6365 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e vice information\n+00000980: 2066 6f72 2047 5255 420a 2a20 496e 766f for GRUB.* Invo\n+00000990: 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 7363 7269 7074 king grub-script\n+000009a0: 2d63 6865 636b 3a3a 2020 4368 6563 6b20 -check:: Check \n+000009b0: 4752 5542 2073 6372 6970 7420 6669 6c65 GRUB script file\n+000009c0: 2066 6f72 2073 796e 7461 7820 6572 726f for syntax erro\n+000009d0: 7273 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 rs....File: grub\n+000009e0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e .info, Node: In\n+000009f0: 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 voking grub-inst\n+00000a00: 616c 6c2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 496e 766f all, Next: Invo\n+00000a10: 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 king grub-mkconf\n+00000a20: 6967 2c20 2055 703a 2055 7365 722d 7370 ig, Up: User-sp\n+00000a30: 6163 6520 7574 696c 6974 6965 730a 0a32 ace utilities..2\n+00000a40: 342e 3120 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 4.1 Invoking gru\n+00000a50: 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c0a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d b-install.======\n 00000a60: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00000a70: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 7072 ========..The pr\n-00000a80: 6f67 7261 6d20 e280 9867 7275 622d 696e ogram ...grub-in\n-00000a90: 7374 616c 6ce2 8099 2067 656e 6572 6174 stall... generat\n-00000aa0: 6573 2061 2047 5255 4220 636f 7265 2069 es a GRUB core i\n-00000ab0: 6d61 6765 2075 7369 6e67 0ae2 8098 6772 mage using....gr\n-00000ac0: 7562 2d6d 6b69 6d61 6765 e280 9920 616e ub-mkimage... an\n-00000ad0: 6420 696e 7374 616c 6c73 2069 7420 6f6e d installs it on\n-00000ae0: 2079 6f75 7220 7379 7374 656d 2e20 2059 your system. Y\n-00000af0: 6f75 206d 7573 7420 7370 6563 6966 7920 ou must specify \n-00000b00: 7468 650a 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 6520 the.device name \n-00000b10: 6f6e 2077 6869 6368 2079 6f75 2077 616e on which you wan\n-00000b20: 7420 746f 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 t to install GRU\n-00000b30: 422c 206c 696b 6520 7468 6973 3a0a 0a20 B, like this:.. \n-00000b40: 2020 2020 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c grub-install\n-00000b50: 2049 4e53 5441 4c4c 5f44 4556 4943 450a INSTALL_DEVICE.\n-00000b60: 0a20 2020 5468 6520 6465 7669 6365 206e . The device n\n-00000b70: 616d 6520 494e 5354 414c 4c5f 4445 5649 ame INSTALL_DEVI\n-00000b80: 4345 2069 7320 616e 204f 5320 6465 7669 CE is an OS devi\n-00000b90: 6365 206e 616d 6520 6f72 2061 2047 5255 ce name or a GRU\n-00000ba0: 4220 6465 7669 6365 0a6e 616d 652e 0a0a B device.name...\n-00000bb0: 2020 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 ...grub-insta\n-00000bc0: 6c6c e280 9920 6163 6365 7074 7320 7468 ll... accepts th\n-00000bd0: 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6f70 7469 e following opti\n-00000be0: 6f6e 733a 0a0a e280 982d 2d68 656c 70e2 ons:.....--help.\n-00000bf0: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5072 696e 7420 6120 ... Print a \n-00000c00: 7375 6d6d 6172 7920 6f66 2074 6865 2063 summary of the c\n-00000c10: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 6f70 7469 ommand-line opti\n-00000c20: 6f6e 7320 616e 6420 6578 6974 2e0a 0ae2 ons and exit....\n-00000c30: 8098 2d2d 7665 7273 696f 6ee2 8099 0a20 ..--version.... \n-00000c40: 2020 2020 5072 696e 7420 7468 6520 7665 Print the ve\n-00000c50: 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 rsion number of \n-00000c60: 4752 5542 2061 6e64 2065 7869 742e 0a0a GRUB and exit...\n-00000c70: e280 982d 2d62 6f6f 742d 6469 7265 6374 ...--boot-direct\n-00000c80: 6f72 793d 4449 52e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 ory=DIR.... \n-00000c90: 496e 7374 616c 6c20 4752 5542 2069 6d61 Install GRUB ima\n-00000ca0: 6765 7320 756e 6465 7220 7468 6520 6469 ges under the di\n-00000cb0: 7265 6374 6f72 7920 e280 9844 4952 2f67 rectory ...DIR/g\n-00000cc0: 7275 622f e280 9920 5468 6973 206f 7074 rub/... This opt\n-00000cd0: 696f 6e20 6973 0a20 2020 2020 7573 6566 ion is. usef\n-00000ce0: 756c 2077 6865 6e20 796f 7520 7761 6e74 ul when you want\n-00000cf0: 2074 6f20 696e 7374 616c 6c20 4752 5542 to install GRUB\n-00000d00: 2069 6e74 6f20 6120 7365 7061 7261 7465 into a separate\n-00000d10: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 206f 7220 610a partition or a.\n-00000d20: 2020 2020 2072 656d 6f76 6162 6c65 2064 removable d\n-00000d30: 6973 6b2e 2020 4966 2074 6869 7320 6f70 isk. If this op\n-00000d40: 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 7370 6563 tion is not spec\n-00000d50: 6966 6965 6420 7468 656e 2069 7420 6465 ified then it de\n-00000d60: 6661 756c 7473 0a20 2020 2020 746f 20e2 faults. to .\n-00000d70: 8098 2f62 6f6f 74e2 8099 2c20 736f 0a0a ../boot..., so..\n-00000d80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6772 7562 2d69 grub-i\n-00000d90: 6e73 7461 6c6c 202f 6465 762f 7364 610a nstall /dev/sda.\n-00000da0: 0a20 2020 2020 6973 2065 7175 6976 616c . is equival\n-00000db0: 656e 7420 746f 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ent to.. \n-00000dc0: 2020 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 202d grub-install -\n-00000dd0: 2d62 6f6f 742d 6469 7265 6374 6f72 793d -boot-directory=\n-00000de0: 2f62 6f6f 742f 202f 6465 762f 7364 610a /boot/ /dev/sda.\n-00000df0: 0a20 2020 2020 4865 7265 2069 7320 616e . Here is an\n-00000e00: 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2069 6e20 7768 6963 example in whic\n-00000e10: 6820 796f 7520 6861 7665 2061 2073 6570 h you have a sep\n-00000e20: 6172 6174 6520 e280 9c62 6f6f 74e2 809d arate ...boot...\n-00000e30: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 partition. \n-00000e40: 7768 6963 6820 6973 206d 6f75 6e74 6564 which is mounted\n-00000e50: 206f 6e20 e280 982f 6d6e 742f 626f 6f74 on .../mnt/boot\n-00000e60: e280 993a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ...:.. \n-00000e70: 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 202d 2d62 grub-install --b\n-00000e80: 6f6f 742d 6469 7265 6374 6f72 793d 2f6d oot-directory=/m\n-00000e90: 6e74 2f62 6f6f 7420 2f64 6576 2f73 6462 nt/boot /dev/sdb\n-00000ea0: 0a0a e280 982d 2d72 6563 6865 636b e280 .....--recheck..\n-00000eb0: 990a 2020 2020 2052 6563 6865 636b 2074 .. Recheck t\n-00000ec0: 6865 2064 6576 6963 6520 6d61 702c 2065 he device map, e\n-00000ed0: 7665 6e20 6966 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f ven if .../boot/\n-00000ee0: 6772 7562 2f64 6576 6963 652e 6d61 70e2 grub/device.map.\n-00000ef0: 8099 2061 6c72 6561 6479 0a20 2020 2020 .. already. \n-00000f00: 6578 6973 7473 2e20 2059 6f75 2073 686f exists. You sho\n-00000f10: 756c 6420 7573 6520 7468 6973 206f 7074 uld use this opt\n-00000f20: 696f 6e20 7768 656e 6576 6572 2079 6f75 ion whenever you\n-00000f30: 2061 6464 2f72 656d 6f76 6520 6120 6469 add/remove a di\n-00000f40: 736b 0a20 2020 2020 696e 746f 2f66 726f sk. into/fro\n-00000f50: 6d20 796f 7572 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 722e m your computer.\n-00000f60: 0a0a e280 982d 2d6e 6f2d 7273 2d63 6f64 .....--no-rs-cod\n-00000f70: 6573 e280 990a 2020 2020 2042 7920 6465 es.... By de\n-00000f80: 6661 756c 7420 6f6e 2078 3836 2042 494f fault on x86 BIO\n-00000f90: 5320 7379 7374 656d 732c 20e2 8098 6772 S systems, ...gr\n-00000fa0: 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c e280 9920 7769 ub-install... wi\n-00000fb0: 6c6c 2075 7365 2073 6f6d 6520 6578 7472 ll use some extr\n-00000fc0: 610a 2020 2020 2073 7061 6365 2069 6e20 a. space in \n-00000fd0: 7468 6520 626f 6f74 6c6f 6164 6572 2065 the bootloader e\n-00000fe0: 6d62 6564 6469 6e67 2061 7265 6120 666f mbedding area fo\n-00000ff0: 7220 5265 6564 2d53 6f6c 6f6d 6f6e 0a20 r Reed-Solomon. \n-00001000: 2020 2020 6572 726f 722d 636f 7272 6563 error-correc\n-00001010: 7469 6e67 2063 6f64 6573 2e20 2054 6869 ting codes. Thi\n-00001020: 7320 656e 6162 6c65 7320 4752 5542 2074 s enables GRUB t\n-00001030: 6f20 7374 696c 6c20 626f 6f74 0a20 2020 o still boot. \n-00001040: 2020 7375 6363 6573 7366 756c 6c79 2069 successfully i\n-00001050: 6620 736f 6d65 2062 6c6f 636b 7320 6172 f some blocks ar\n-00001060: 6520 636f 7272 7570 7465 642e 2020 5468 e corrupted. Th\n-00001070: 6520 6578 6163 7420 616d 6f75 6e74 206f e exact amount o\n-00001080: 660a 2020 2020 2070 726f 7465 6374 696f f. protectio\n-00001090: 6e20 6f66 6665 7265 6420 6973 2064 6570 n offered is dep\n-000010a0: 656e 6465 6e74 206f 6e20 6176 6169 6c61 endent on availa\n-000010b0: 626c 6520 7370 6163 6520 696e 2074 6865 ble space in the\n-000010c0: 2065 6d62 6564 6469 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 embedding. \n-000010d0: 6172 6561 2e20 2052 2073 6563 746f 7273 area. R sectors\n-000010e0: 206f 6620 7265 6475 6e64 616e 6379 2063 of redundancy c\n-000010f0: 616e 2074 6f6c 6572 6174 6520 7570 2074 an tolerate up t\n-00001100: 6f20 522f 3220 636f 7272 7570 7465 640a o R/2 corrupted.\n-00001110: 2020 2020 2073 6563 746f 7273 2e20 2054 sectors. T\n-00001120: 6869 7320 7265 6475 6e64 616e 6379 206d his redundancy m\n-00001130: 6179 2062 6520 6375 6d62 6572 736f 6d65 ay be cumbersome\n-00001140: 2069 6620 6174 7465 6d70 7469 6e67 2074 if attempting t\n-00001150: 6f0a 2020 2020 2063 7279 7074 6f67 7261 o. cryptogra\n-00001160: 7068 6963 616c 6c79 2076 616c 6964 6174 phically validat\n-00001170: 6520 7468 6520 636f 6e74 656e 7473 206f e the contents o\n-00001180: 6620 7468 6520 626f 6f74 6c6f 6164 6572 f the bootloader\n-00001190: 2065 6d62 6564 6469 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 embedding. \n-000011a0: 6172 6561 2c20 6f72 2069 6e20 6d6f 7265 area, or in more\n-000011b0: 206d 6f64 6572 6e20 7379 7374 656d 7320 modern systems \n-000011c0: 7769 7468 2047 5054 2d73 7479 6c65 2070 with GPT-style p\n-000011d0: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2074 6162 6c65 730a artition tables.\n-000011e0: 2020 2020 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 4249 4f53 (*note BIOS\n-000011f0: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e3a 3a29 installation::)\n-00001200: 2077 6865 7265 2047 5255 4220 646f 6573 where GRUB does\n-00001210: 206e 6f74 2072 6573 6964 6520 696e 2061 not reside in a\n-00001220: 6e79 0a20 2020 2020 756e 7061 7274 6974 ny. unpartit\n-00001230: 696f 6e65 6420 7370 6163 6520 6f75 7473 ioned space outs\n-00001240: 6964 6520 6f66 2074 6865 204d 4252 2e20 ide of the MBR. \n-00001250: 4469 7361 626c 6520 7468 6520 5265 6564 Disable the Reed\n-00001260: 2d53 6f6c 6f6d 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 636f -Solomon. co\n-00001270: 6465 7320 7769 7468 2074 6869 7320 6f70 des with this op\n-00001280: 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 tion.....File: g\n-00001290: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-000012a0: 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d Invoking grub-m\n-000012b0: 6b63 6f6e 6669 672c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 kconfig, Next: \n-000012c0: 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b Invoking grub-mk\n-000012d0: 7061 7373 7764 2d70 626b 6466 322c 2020 passwd-pbkdf2, \n-000012e0: 5072 6576 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 Prev: Invoking g\n-000012f0: 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c2c 2020 5570 rub-install, Up\n-00001300: 3a20 5573 6572 2d73 7061 6365 2075 7469 : User-space uti\n-00001310: 6c69 7469 6573 0a0a 3234 2e32 2049 6e76 lities..24.2 Inv\n-00001320: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e oking grub-mkcon\n-00001330: 6669 670a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d fig.============\n-00001340: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a ===============.\n-00001350: 0a54 6865 2070 726f 6772 616d 20e2 8098 .The program ...\n-00001360: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 grub-mkconfig...\n-00001370: 2067 656e 6572 6174 6573 2061 2063 6f6e generates a con\n-00001380: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 figuration file \n-00001390: 666f 7220 4752 5542 0a28 2a6e 6f74 6520 for GRUB.(*note \n-000013a0: 5369 6d70 6c65 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 Simple configura\n-000013b0: 7469 6f6e 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 2067 tion::)... g\n-000013c0: 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 202d 6f20 rub-mkconfig -o \n-000013d0: 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 2f67 7275 622e /boot/grub/grub.\n-000013e0: 6366 670a 0a20 2020 e280 9867 7275 622d cfg.. ...grub-\n-000013f0: 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 e280 9920 6163 6365 mkconfig... acce\n-00001400: 7074 7320 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e pts the followin\n-00001410: 6720 6f70 7469 6f6e 733a 0a0a e280 982d g options:.....-\n-00001420: 2d68 656c 70e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5072 -help.... Pr\n-00001430: 696e 7420 6120 7375 6d6d 6172 7920 6f66 int a summary of\n-00001440: 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e the command-lin\n-00001450: 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 616e 6420 6578 e options and ex\n-00001460: 6974 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d2d 7665 7273 696f it......--versio\n-00001470: 6ee2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5072 696e 7420 n.... Print \n-00001480: 7468 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 the version numb\n-00001490: 6572 206f 6620 4752 5542 2061 6e64 2065 er of GRUB and e\n-000014a0: 7869 742e 0a0a e280 982d 6f20 4649 4c45 xit......-o FILE\n-000014b0: e280 990a e280 982d 2d6f 7574 7075 743d .......--output=\n-000014c0: 4649 4c45 e280 990a 2020 2020 2053 656e FILE.... Sen\n-000014d0: 6420 7468 6520 6765 6e65 7261 7465 6420 d the generated \n-000014e0: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 configuration fi\n-000014f0: 6c65 2074 6f20 4649 4c45 2e20 2054 6865 le to FILE. The\n-00001500: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 746f 0a20 default is to. \n-00001510: 2020 2020 7365 6e64 2069 7420 746f 2073 send it to s\n-00001520: 7461 6e64 6172 6420 6f75 7470 7574 2e0a tandard output..\n-00001530: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-00001540: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6e76 6f6b fo, Node: Invok\n-00001550: 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b70 6173 7377 ing grub-mkpassw\n-00001560: 642d 7062 6b64 6632 2c20 204e 6578 743a d-pbkdf2, Next:\n-00001570: 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d Invoking grub-m\n-00001580: 6b72 656c 7061 7468 2c20 2050 7265 763a krelpath, Prev:\n-00001590: 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d Invoking grub-m\n-000015a0: 6b63 6f6e 6669 672c 2020 5570 3a20 5573 kconfig, Up: Us\n-000015b0: 6572 2d73 7061 6365 2075 7469 6c69 7469 er-space utiliti\n-000015c0: 6573 0a0a 3234 2e33 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e es..24.3 Invokin\n-000015d0: 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b70 6173 7377 642d g grub-mkpasswd-\n-000015e0: 7062 6b64 6632 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d pbkdf2.=========\n+00000a70: 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 7072 6f67 7261 ====..The progra\n+00000a80: 6d20 e280 9867 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c m ...grub-instal\n+00000a90: 6ce2 8099 2067 656e 6572 6174 6573 2061 l... generates a\n+00000aa0: 2047 5255 4220 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 GRUB core image\n+00000ab0: 2075 7369 6e67 0ae2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d using....grub-m\n+00000ac0: 6b69 6d61 6765 e280 9920 616e 6420 696e kimage... and in\n+00000ad0: 7374 616c 6c73 2069 7420 6f6e 2079 6f75 stalls it on you\n+00000ae0: 7220 7379 7374 656d 2e20 2059 6f75 206d r system. You m\n+00000af0: 7573 7420 7370 6563 6966 7920 7468 650a ust specify the.\n+00000b00: 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 6520 6f6e 2077 device name on w\n+00000b10: 6869 6368 2079 6f75 2077 616e 7420 746f hich you want to\n+00000b20: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 422c 206c install GRUB, l\n+00000b30: 696b 6520 7468 6973 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 ike this:.. \n+00000b40: 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 2049 4e53 grub-install INS\n+00000b50: 5441 4c4c 5f44 4556 4943 450a 0a20 2020 TALL_DEVICE.. \n+00000b60: 5468 6520 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 6520 The device name \n+00000b70: 494e 5354 414c 4c5f 4445 5649 4345 2069 INSTALL_DEVICE i\n+00000b80: 7320 616e 204f 5320 6465 7669 6365 206e s an OS device n\n+00000b90: 616d 6520 6f72 2061 2047 5255 4220 6465 ame or a GRUB de\n+00000ba0: 7669 6365 0a6e 616d 652e 0a0a 2020 20e2 vice.name... .\n+00000bb0: 8098 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c e280 ..grub-install..\n+00000bc0: 9920 6163 6365 7074 7320 7468 6520 666f . accepts the fo\n+00000bd0: 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6f70 7469 6f6e 733a llowing options:\n+00000be0: 0a0a e280 982d 2d68 656c 70e2 8099 0a20 .....--help.... \n+00000bf0: 2020 2020 5072 696e 7420 6120 7375 6d6d Print a summ\n+00000c00: 6172 7920 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 ary of the comma\n+00000c10: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 nd-line options \n+00000c20: 616e 6420 6578 6974 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d2d and exit......--\n+00000c30: 7665 7273 696f 6ee2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 version.... \n+00000c40: 5072 696e 7420 7468 6520 7665 7273 696f Print the versio\n+00000c50: 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 4752 5542 n number of GRUB\n+00000c60: 2061 6e64 2065 7869 742e 0a0a e280 982d and exit......-\n+00000c70: 2d62 6f6f 742d 6469 7265 6374 6f72 793d -boot-directory=\n+00000c80: 4449 52e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 496e 7374 DIR.... Inst\n+00000c90: 616c 6c20 4752 5542 2069 6d61 6765 7320 all GRUB images \n+00000ca0: 756e 6465 7220 7468 6520 6469 7265 6374 under the direct\n+00000cb0: 6f72 7920 e280 9844 4952 2f67 7275 622f ory ...DIR/grub/\n+00000cc0: e280 9920 5468 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 ... This option \n+00000cd0: 6973 0a20 2020 2020 7573 6566 756c 2077 is. useful w\n+00000ce0: 6865 6e20 796f 7520 7761 6e74 2074 6f20 hen you want to \n+00000cf0: 696e 7374 616c 6c20 4752 5542 2069 6e74 install GRUB int\n+00000d00: 6f20 6120 7365 7061 7261 7465 2070 6172 o a separate par\n+00000d10: 7469 7469 6f6e 206f 7220 610a 2020 2020 tition or a. \n+00000d20: 2072 656d 6f76 6162 6c65 2064 6973 6b2e removable disk.\n+00000d30: 2020 4966 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e If this option\n+00000d40: 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 7370 6563 6966 6965 is not specifie\n+00000d50: 6420 7468 656e 2069 7420 6465 6661 756c d then it defaul\n+00000d60: 7473 0a20 2020 2020 746f 20e2 8098 2f62 ts. to .../b\n+00000d70: 6f6f 74e2 8099 2c20 736f 0a0a 2020 2020 oot..., so.. \n+00000d80: 2020 2020 2020 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 grub-insta\n+00000d90: 6c6c 202f 6465 762f 7364 610a 0a20 2020 ll /dev/sda.. \n+00000da0: 2020 6973 2065 7175 6976 616c 656e 7420 is equivalent \n+00000db0: 746f 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6772 to.. gr\n+00000dc0: 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 202d 2d62 6f6f ub-install --boo\n+00000dd0: 742d 6469 7265 6374 6f72 793d 2f62 6f6f t-directory=/boo\n+00000de0: 742f 202f 6465 762f 7364 610a 0a20 2020 t/ /dev/sda.. \n+00000df0: 2020 4865 7265 2069 7320 616e 2065 7861 Here is an exa\n+00000e00: 6d70 6c65 2069 6e20 7768 6963 6820 796f mple in which yo\n+00000e10: 7520 6861 7665 2061 2073 6570 6172 6174 u have a separat\n+00000e20: 6520 e280 9c62 6f6f 74e2 809d 2070 6172 e ...boot... par\n+00000e30: 7469 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 7768 6963 tition. whic\n+00000e40: 6820 6973 206d 6f75 6e74 6564 206f 6e20 h is mounted on \n+00000e50: e280 982f 6d6e 742f 626f 6f74 e280 993a .../mnt/boot...:\n+00000e60: 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6772 7562 .. grub\n+00000e70: 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 202d 2d62 6f6f 742d -install --boot-\n+00000e80: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 793d 2f6d 6e74 2f62 directory=/mnt/b\n+00000e90: 6f6f 7420 2f64 6576 2f73 6462 0a0a e280 oot /dev/sdb....\n+00000ea0: 982d 2d72 6563 6865 636b e280 990a 2020 .--recheck.... \n+00000eb0: 2020 2052 6563 6865 636b 2074 6865 2064 Recheck the d\n+00000ec0: 6576 6963 6520 6d61 702c 2065 7665 6e20 evice map, even \n+00000ed0: 6966 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 if .../boot/grub\n+00000ee0: 2f64 6576 6963 652e 6d61 70e2 8099 2061 /device.map... a\n+00000ef0: 6c72 6561 6479 0a20 2020 2020 6578 6973 lready. exis\n+00000f00: 7473 2e20 2059 6f75 2073 686f 756c 6420 ts. You should \n+00000f10: 7573 6520 7468 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 use this option \n+00000f20: 7768 656e 6576 6572 2079 6f75 2061 6464 whenever you add\n+00000f30: 2f72 656d 6f76 6520 6120 6469 736b 0a20 /remove a disk. \n+00000f40: 2020 2020 696e 746f 2f66 726f 6d20 796f into/from yo\n+00000f50: 7572 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 722e 0a0a e280 ur computer.....\n+00000f60: 982d 2d6e 6f2d 7273 2d63 6f64 6573 e280 .--no-rs-codes..\n+00000f70: 990a 2020 2020 2042 7920 6465 6661 756c .. By defaul\n+00000f80: 7420 6f6e 2078 3836 2042 494f 5320 7379 t on x86 BIOS sy\n+00000f90: 7374 656d 732c 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d69 stems, ...grub-i\n+00000fa0: 6e73 7461 6c6c e280 9920 7769 6c6c 2075 nstall... will u\n+00000fb0: 7365 2073 6f6d 6520 6578 7472 610a 2020 se some extra. \n+00000fc0: 2020 2073 7061 6365 2069 6e20 7468 6520 space in the \n+00000fd0: 626f 6f74 6c6f 6164 6572 2065 6d62 6564 bootloader embed\n+00000fe0: 6469 6e67 2061 7265 6120 666f 7220 5265 ding area for Re\n+00000ff0: 6564 2d53 6f6c 6f6d 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 ed-Solomon. \n+00001000: 6572 726f 722d 636f 7272 6563 7469 6e67 error-correcting\n+00001010: 2063 6f64 6573 2e20 2054 6869 7320 656e codes. This en\n+00001020: 6162 6c65 7320 4752 5542 2074 6f20 7374 ables GRUB to st\n+00001030: 696c 6c20 626f 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 7375 ill boot. su\n+00001040: 6363 6573 7366 756c 6c79 2069 6620 736f ccessfully if so\n+00001050: 6d65 2062 6c6f 636b 7320 6172 6520 636f me blocks are co\n+00001060: 7272 7570 7465 642e 2020 5468 6520 6578 rrupted. The ex\n+00001070: 6163 7420 616d 6f75 6e74 206f 660a 2020 act amount of. \n+00001080: 2020 2070 726f 7465 6374 696f 6e20 6f66 protection of\n+00001090: 6665 7265 6420 6973 2064 6570 656e 6465 fered is depende\n+000010a0: 6e74 206f 6e20 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 nt on available \n+000010b0: 7370 6163 6520 696e 2074 6865 2065 6d62 space in the emb\n+000010c0: 6564 6469 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 6172 6561 edding. area\n+000010d0: 2e20 2052 2073 6563 746f 7273 206f 6620 . R sectors of \n+000010e0: 7265 6475 6e64 616e 6379 2063 616e 2074 redundancy can t\n+000010f0: 6f6c 6572 6174 6520 7570 2074 6f20 522f olerate up to R/\n+00001100: 3220 636f 7272 7570 7465 640a 2020 2020 2 corrupted. \n+00001110: 2073 6563 746f 7273 2e20 2054 6869 7320 sectors. This \n+00001120: 7265 6475 6e64 616e 6379 206d 6179 2062 redundancy may b\n+00001130: 6520 6375 6d62 6572 736f 6d65 2069 6620 e cumbersome if \n+00001140: 6174 7465 6d70 7469 6e67 2074 6f0a 2020 attempting to. \n+00001150: 2020 2063 7279 7074 6f67 7261 7068 6963 cryptographic\n+00001160: 616c 6c79 2076 616c 6964 6174 6520 7468 ally validate th\n+00001170: 6520 636f 6e74 656e 7473 206f 6620 7468 e contents of th\n+00001180: 6520 626f 6f74 6c6f 6164 6572 2065 6d62 e bootloader emb\n+00001190: 6564 6469 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 6172 6561 edding. area\n+000011a0: 2c20 6f72 2069 6e20 6d6f 7265 206d 6f64 , or in more mod\n+000011b0: 6572 6e20 7379 7374 656d 7320 7769 7468 ern systems with\n+000011c0: 2047 5054 2d73 7479 6c65 2070 6172 7469 GPT-style parti\n+000011d0: 7469 6f6e 2074 6162 6c65 730a 2020 2020 tion tables. \n+000011e0: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 4249 4f53 2069 6e73 (*note BIOS ins\n+000011f0: 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e3a 3a29 2077 6865 tallation::) whe\n+00001200: 7265 2047 5255 4220 646f 6573 206e 6f74 re GRUB does not\n+00001210: 2072 6573 6964 6520 696e 2061 6e79 0a20 reside in any. \n+00001220: 2020 2020 756e 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e65 unpartitione\n+00001230: 6420 7370 6163 6520 6f75 7473 6964 6520 d space outside \n+00001240: 6f66 2074 6865 204d 4252 2e20 4469 7361 of the MBR. Disa\n+00001250: 626c 6520 7468 6520 5265 6564 2d53 6f6c ble the Reed-Sol\n+00001260: 6f6d 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6465 7320 omon. codes \n+00001270: 7769 7468 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e with this option\n+00001280: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n+00001290: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6e76 info, Node: Inv\n+000012a0: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e oking grub-mkcon\n+000012b0: 6669 672c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 496e 766f fig, Next: Invo\n+000012c0: 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 7373 king grub-mkpass\n+000012d0: 7764 2d70 626b 6466 322c 2020 5072 6576 wd-pbkdf2, Prev\n+000012e0: 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d : Invoking grub-\n+000012f0: 696e 7374 616c 6c2c 2020 5570 3a20 5573 install, Up: Us\n+00001300: 6572 2d73 7061 6365 2075 7469 6c69 7469 er-space utiliti\n+00001310: 6573 0a0a 3234 2e32 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e es..24.2 Invokin\n+00001320: 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 670a g grub-mkconfig.\n+00001330: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00001340: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 ===========..The\n+00001350: 2070 726f 6772 616d 20e2 8098 6772 7562 program ...grub\n+00001360: 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2067 656e -mkconfig... gen\n+00001370: 6572 6174 6573 2061 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 erates a configu\n+00001380: 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 666f 7220 ration file for \n+00001390: 4752 5542 0a28 2a6e 6f74 6520 5369 6d70 GRUB.(*note Simp\n+000013a0: 6c65 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e le configuration\n+000013b0: 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 2067 7275 622d ::)... grub-\n+000013c0: 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 202d 6f20 2f62 6f6f mkconfig -o /boo\n+000013d0: 742f 6772 7562 2f67 7275 622e 6366 670a t/grub/grub.cfg.\n+000013e0: 0a20 2020 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 636f . ...grub-mkco\n+000013f0: 6e66 6967 e280 9920 6163 6365 7074 7320 nfig... accepts \n+00001400: 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6f70 the following op\n+00001410: 7469 6f6e 733a 0a0a e280 982d 2d68 656c tions:.....--hel\n+00001420: 70e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5072 696e 7420 p.... Print \n+00001430: 6120 7375 6d6d 6172 7920 6f66 2074 6865 a summary of the\n+00001440: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 6f70 command-line op\n+00001450: 7469 6f6e 7320 616e 6420 6578 6974 2e0a tions and exit..\n+00001460: 0ae2 8098 2d2d 7665 7273 696f 6ee2 8099 ....--version...\n+00001470: 0a20 2020 2020 5072 696e 7420 7468 6520 . Print the \n+00001480: 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 206f version number o\n+00001490: 6620 4752 5542 2061 6e64 2065 7869 742e f GRUB and exit.\n+000014a0: 0a0a e280 982d 6f20 4649 4c45 e280 990a .....-o FILE....\n+000014b0: e280 982d 2d6f 7574 7075 743d 4649 4c45 ...--output=FILE\n+000014c0: e280 990a 2020 2020 2053 656e 6420 7468 .... Send th\n+000014d0: 6520 6765 6e65 7261 7465 6420 636f 6e66 e generated conf\n+000014e0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2074 iguration file t\n+000014f0: 6f20 4649 4c45 2e20 2054 6865 2064 6566 o FILE. The def\n+00001500: 6175 6c74 2069 7320 746f 0a20 2020 2020 ault is to. \n+00001510: 7365 6e64 2069 7420 746f 2073 7461 6e64 send it to stand\n+00001520: 6172 6420 6f75 7470 7574 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 ard output.....F\n+00001530: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+00001540: 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 Node: Invoking \n+00001550: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b70 6173 7377 642d 7062 grub-mkpasswd-pb\n+00001560: 6b64 6632 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2049 6e76 kdf2, Next: Inv\n+00001570: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 656c oking grub-mkrel\n+00001580: 7061 7468 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2049 6e76 path, Prev: Inv\n+00001590: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e oking grub-mkcon\n+000015a0: 6669 672c 2020 5570 3a20 5573 6572 2d73 fig, Up: User-s\n+000015b0: 7061 6365 2075 7469 6c69 7469 6573 0a0a pace utilities..\n+000015c0: 3234 2e33 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 24.3 Invoking gr\n+000015d0: 7562 2d6d 6b70 6173 7377 642d 7062 6b64 ub-mkpasswd-pbkd\n+000015e0: 6632 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d f2.=============\n 000015f0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00001600: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 2070 =========..The p\n-00001610: 726f 6772 616d 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d rogram ...grub-m\n-00001620: 6b70 6173 7377 642d 7062 6b64 6632 e280 kpasswd-pbkdf2..\n-00001630: 9920 6765 6e65 7261 7465 7320 7061 7373 . generates pass\n-00001640: 776f 7264 2068 6173 6865 7320 666f 7220 word hashes for \n-00001650: 4752 5542 0a28 2a6e 6f74 6520 5365 6375 GRUB.(*note Secu\n-00001660: 7269 7479 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 2067 rity::)... g\n-00001670: 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 7373 7764 2d70 626b rub-mkpasswd-pbk\n-00001680: 6466 320a 0a20 2020 e280 9867 7275 622d df2.. ...grub-\n-00001690: 6d6b 7061 7373 7764 2d70 626b 6466 32e2 mkpasswd-pbkdf2.\n-000016a0: 8099 2061 6363 6570 7473 2074 6865 2066 .. accepts the f\n-000016b0: 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 206f 7074 696f 6e73 ollowing options\n-000016c0: 3a0a 0ae2 8098 2d63 204e 554d 4245 52e2 :.....-c NUMBER.\n-000016d0: 8099 0ae2 8098 2d2d 6974 6572 6174 696f ......--iteratio\n-000016e0: 6e2d 636f 756e 743d 4e55 4d42 4552 e280 n-count=NUMBER..\n-000016f0: 990a 2020 2020 204e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 .. Number of\n-00001700: 2069 7465 7261 7469 6f6e 7320 6f66 2074 iterations of t\n-00001710: 6865 2075 6e64 6572 6c79 696e 6720 7073 he underlying ps\n-00001720: 6575 646f 2d72 616e 646f 6d20 6675 6e63 eudo-random func\n-00001730: 7469 6f6e 2e0a 2020 2020 2044 6566 6175 tion.. Defau\n-00001740: 6c74 7320 746f 2031 3030 3030 2e0a 0ae2 lts to 10000....\n-00001750: 8098 2d6c 204e 554d 4245 52e2 8099 0ae2 ..-l NUMBER.....\n-00001760: 8098 2d2d 6275 666c 656e 3d4e 554d 4245 ..--buflen=NUMBE\n-00001770: 52e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4c65 6e67 7468 R.... Length\n-00001780: 206f 6620 7468 6520 6765 6e65 7261 7465 of the generate\n-00001790: 6420 6861 7368 2e20 2044 6566 6175 6c74 d hash. Default\n-000017a0: 7320 746f 2036 342e 0a0a e280 982d 7320 s to 64......-s \n-000017b0: 4e55 4d42 4552 e280 990a e280 982d 2d73 NUMBER.......--s\n-000017c0: 616c 743d 4e55 4d42 4552 e280 990a 2020 alt=NUMBER.... \n-000017d0: 2020 204c 656e 6774 6820 6f66 2074 6865 Length of the\n-000017e0: 2073 616c 742e 2020 4465 6661 756c 7473 salt. Defaults\n-000017f0: 2074 6f20 3634 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a to 64.....File:\n-00001800: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-00001810: 653a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 e: Invoking grub\n-00001820: 2d6d 6b72 656c 7061 7468 2c20 204e 6578 -mkrelpath, Nex\n-00001830: 743a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 t: Invoking grub\n-00001840: 2d6d 6b72 6573 6375 652c 2020 5072 6576 -mkrescue, Prev\n-00001850: 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d : Invoking grub-\n-00001860: 6d6b 7061 7373 7764 2d70 626b 6466 322c mkpasswd-pbkdf2,\n-00001870: 2020 5570 3a20 5573 6572 2d73 7061 6365 Up: User-space\n-00001880: 2075 7469 6c69 7469 6573 0a0a 3234 2e34 utilities..24.4\n-00001890: 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d Invoking grub-m\n-000018a0: 6b72 656c 7061 7468 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d krelpath.=======\n+00001600: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 2070 726f 6772 =====..The progr\n+00001610: 616d 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b70 6173 am ...grub-mkpas\n+00001620: 7377 642d 7062 6b64 6632 e280 9920 6765 swd-pbkdf2... ge\n+00001630: 6e65 7261 7465 7320 7061 7373 776f 7264 nerates password\n+00001640: 2068 6173 6865 7320 666f 7220 4752 5542 hashes for GRUB\n+00001650: 0a28 2a6e 6f74 6520 5365 6375 7269 7479 .(*note Security\n+00001660: 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 2067 7275 622d ::)... grub-\n+00001670: 6d6b 7061 7373 7764 2d70 626b 6466 320a mkpasswd-pbkdf2.\n+00001680: 0a20 2020 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 . ...grub-mkpa\n+00001690: 7373 7764 2d70 626b 6466 32e2 8099 2061 sswd-pbkdf2... a\n+000016a0: 6363 6570 7473 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f ccepts the follo\n+000016b0: 7769 6e67 206f 7074 696f 6e73 3a0a 0ae2 wing options:...\n+000016c0: 8098 2d63 204e 554d 4245 52e2 8099 0ae2 ..-c NUMBER.....\n+000016d0: 8098 2d2d 6974 6572 6174 696f 6e2d 636f ..--iteration-co\n+000016e0: 756e 743d 4e55 4d42 4552 e280 990a 2020 unt=NUMBER.... \n+000016f0: 2020 204e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2069 7465 Number of ite\n+00001700: 7261 7469 6f6e 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2075 rations of the u\n+00001710: 6e64 6572 6c79 696e 6720 7073 6575 646f nderlying pseudo\n+00001720: 2d72 616e 646f 6d20 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e -random function\n+00001730: 2e0a 2020 2020 2044 6566 6175 6c74 7320 .. Defaults \n+00001740: 746f 2031 3030 3030 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d6c to 10000......-l\n+00001750: 204e 554d 4245 52e2 8099 0ae2 8098 2d2d NUMBER.......--\n+00001760: 6275 666c 656e 3d4e 554d 4245 52e2 8099 buflen=NUMBER...\n+00001770: 0a20 2020 2020 4c65 6e67 7468 206f 6620 . Length of \n+00001780: 7468 6520 6765 6e65 7261 7465 6420 6861 the generated ha\n+00001790: 7368 2e20 2044 6566 6175 6c74 7320 746f sh. Defaults to\n+000017a0: 2036 342e 0a0a e280 982d 7320 4e55 4d42 64......-s NUMB\n+000017b0: 4552 e280 990a e280 982d 2d73 616c 743d ER.......--salt=\n+000017c0: 4e55 4d42 4552 e280 990a 2020 2020 204c NUMBER.... L\n+000017d0: 656e 6774 6820 6f66 2074 6865 2073 616c ength of the sal\n+000017e0: 742e 2020 4465 6661 756c 7473 2074 6f20 t. Defaults to \n+000017f0: 3634 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 64.....File: gru\n+00001800: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2049 b.info, Node: I\n+00001810: 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 nvoking grub-mkr\n+00001820: 656c 7061 7468 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2049 elpath, Next: I\n+00001830: 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 nvoking grub-mkr\n+00001840: 6573 6375 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 496e escue, Prev: In\n+00001850: 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 voking grub-mkpa\n+00001860: 7373 7764 2d70 626b 6466 322c 2020 5570 sswd-pbkdf2, Up\n+00001870: 3a20 5573 6572 2d73 7061 6365 2075 7469 : User-space uti\n+00001880: 6c69 7469 6573 0a0a 3234 2e34 2049 6e76 lities..24.4 Inv\n+00001890: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 656c oking grub-mkrel\n+000018a0: 7061 7468 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d path.===========\n 000018b0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000018c0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 2070 726f 6772 =====..The progr\n-000018d0: 616d 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 656c am ...grub-mkrel\n-000018e0: 7061 7468 e280 9920 6d61 6b65 7320 6120 path... makes a \n-000018f0: 6669 6c65 2073 7973 7465 6d20 7061 7468 file system path\n-00001900: 2072 656c 6174 6976 6520 746f 2074 6865 relative to the\n-00001910: 0a72 6f6f 7420 6f66 2069 7473 2063 6f6e .root of its con\n-00001920: 7461 696e 696e 6720 6669 6c65 2073 7973 taining file sys\n-00001930: 7465 6d2e 2020 466f 7220 696e 7374 616e tem. For instan\n-00001940: 6365 2c20 6966 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 e280 ce, if .../usr..\n-00001950: 9920 6973 2061 206d 6f75 6e74 0a70 6f69 . is a mount.poi\n-00001960: 6e74 2c20 7468 656e 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 nt, then:.. \n-00001970: 2420 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 656c 7061 7468 $ grub-mkrelpath\n-00001980: 202f 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f 6772 7562 /usr/share/grub\n-00001990: 2f75 6e69 636f 6465 2e70 6632 0a20 2020 /unicode.pf2. \n-000019a0: 2020 e280 982f 7368 6172 652f 6772 7562 .../share/grub\n-000019b0: 2f75 6e69 636f 6465 2e70 6632 e280 990a /unicode.pf2....\n-000019c0: 0a20 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 6d61 696e . This is main\n-000019d0: 6c79 2075 7365 6420 696e 7465 726e 616c ly used internal\n-000019e0: 6c79 2062 7920 6f74 6865 7220 4752 5542 ly by other GRUB\n-000019f0: 2075 7469 6c69 7469 6573 2073 7563 6820 utilities such \n-00001a00: 6173 0ae2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e as....grub-mkcon\n-00001a10: 6669 67e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 496e fig... (*note In\n-00001a20: 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 636f voking grub-mkco\n-00001a30: 6e66 6967 3a3a 292c 2062 7574 206d 6179 nfig::), but may\n-00001a40: 206f 6363 6173 696f 6e61 6c6c 790a 616c occasionally.al\n-00001a50: 736f 2062 6520 7573 6566 756c 2066 6f72 so be useful for\n-00001a60: 2064 6562 7567 6769 6e67 2e0a 0a20 2020 debugging... \n-00001a70: e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 6c70 6174 ...grub-mkrelpat\n-00001a80: 68e2 8099 2061 6363 6570 7473 2074 6865 h... accepts the\n-00001a90: 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 206f 7074 696f following optio\n-00001aa0: 6e73 3a0a 0ae2 8098 2d2d 6865 6c70 e280 ns:.....--help..\n-00001ab0: 990a 2020 2020 2050 7269 6e74 2061 2073 .. Print a s\n-00001ac0: 756d 6d61 7279 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f ummary of the co\n-00001ad0: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 206f 7074 696f mmand-line optio\n-00001ae0: 6e73 2061 6e64 2065 7869 742e 0a0a e280 ns and exit.....\n-00001af0: 982d 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e e280 990a 2020 .--version.... \n-00001b00: 2020 2050 7269 6e74 2074 6865 2076 6572 Print the ver\n-00001b10: 7369 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2047 sion number of G\n-00001b20: 5255 4220 616e 6420 6578 6974 2e0a 0a1f RUB and exit....\n-00001b30: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-00001b40: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e , Node: Invokin\n-00001b50: 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 6573 6375 652c g grub-mkrescue,\n-00001b60: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 Next: Invoking\n-00001b70: 2067 7275 622d 6d6f 756e 742c 2020 5072 grub-mount, Pr\n-00001b80: 6576 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 ev: Invoking gru\n-00001b90: 622d 6d6b 7265 6c70 6174 682c 2020 5570 b-mkrelpath, Up\n-00001ba0: 3a20 5573 6572 2d73 7061 6365 2075 7469 : User-space uti\n-00001bb0: 6c69 7469 6573 0a0a 3234 2e35 2049 6e76 lities..24.5 Inv\n-00001bc0: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 6573 oking grub-mkres\n-00001bd0: 6375 650a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d cue.============\n-00001be0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a ===============.\n-00001bf0: 0a54 6865 2070 726f 6772 616d 20e2 8098 .The program ...\n-00001c00: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 6573 6375 65e2 8099 grub-mkrescue...\n-00001c10: 2067 656e 6572 6174 6573 2061 2062 6f6f generates a boo\n-00001c20: 7461 626c 6520 4752 5542 2072 6573 6375 table GRUB rescu\n-00001c30: 6520 696d 6167 650a 282a 6e6f 7465 204d e image.(*note M\n-00001c40: 616b 696e 6720 6120 4752 5542 2062 6f6f aking a GRUB boo\n-00001c50: 7461 626c 6520 4344 2d52 4f4d 3a3a 292e table CD-ROM::).\n-00001c60: 0a0a 2020 2020 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 .. grub-mkre\n-00001c70: 7363 7565 202d 6f20 6772 7562 2e69 736f scue -o grub.iso\n-00001c80: 0a0a 2020 2041 6c6c 2061 7267 756d 656e .. All argumen\n-00001c90: 7473 206e 6f74 2065 7870 6c69 6369 746c ts not explicitl\n-00001ca0: 7920 6c69 7374 6564 2061 7320 e280 9867 y listed as ...g\n-00001cb0: 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 e280 9920 rub-mkrescue... \n-00001cc0: 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 6172 650a 7061 7373 options are.pass\n-00001cd0: 6564 206f 6e20 6469 7265 6374 6c79 2074 ed on directly t\n-00001ce0: 6f20 e280 9878 6f72 7269 736f e280 9920 o ...xorriso... \n-00001cf0: 696e 20e2 8098 6d6b 6973 6f66 73e2 8099 in ...mkisofs...\n-00001d00: 2065 6d75 6c61 7469 6f6e 206d 6f64 652e emulation mode.\n-00001d10: 2020 4f70 7469 6f6e 730a 7061 7373 6564 Options.passed\n-00001d20: 2074 6f20 e280 9878 6f72 7269 736f e280 to ...xorriso..\n-00001d30: 9920 7769 6c6c 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 . will normally \n-00001d40: 6265 2069 6e74 6572 7072 6574 6564 2061 be interpreted a\n-00001d50: 7320 e280 986d 6b69 736f 6673 e280 9920 s ...mkisofs... \n-00001d60: 6f70 7469 6f6e 733b 0a69 6620 7468 6520 options;.if the \n-00001d70: 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d2d e280 9920 option ...--... \n-00001d80: 6973 2075 7365 642c 2074 6865 6e20 616e is used, then an\n-00001d90: 7974 6869 6e67 2061 6674 6572 2074 6861 ything after tha\n-00001da0: 7420 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 696e 7465 7270 t will be interp\n-00001db0: 7265 7465 640a 6173 206e 6174 6976 6520 reted.as native \n-00001dc0: e280 9878 6f72 7269 736f e280 9920 6f70 ...xorriso... op\n-00001dd0: 7469 6f6e 732e 0a0a 2020 204e 6f6e 2d6f tions... Non-o\n-00001de0: 7074 696f 6e20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 7320 ption arguments \n-00001df0: 7370 6563 6966 7920 6164 6469 7469 6f6e specify addition\n-00001e00: 616c 2073 6f75 7263 6520 6469 7265 6374 al source direct\n-00001e10: 6f72 6965 732e 2020 5468 6973 2069 730a ories. This is.\n-00001e20: 636f 6d6d 6f6e 6c79 2075 7365 6420 746f commonly used to\n-00001e30: 2061 6464 2065 7874 7261 2066 696c 6573 add extra files\n-00001e40: 2074 6f20 7468 6520 696d 6167 653a 0a0a to the image:..\n-00001e50: 2020 2020 206d 6b64 6972 202d 7020 6469 mkdir -p di\n-00001e60: 736b 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 0a20 2020 sk/boot/grub. \n-00001e70: 2020 2861 6464 2065 7874 7261 2066 696c (add extra fil\n-00001e80: 6573 2074 6f20 e280 9864 6973 6b2f 626f es to ...disk/bo\n-00001e90: 6f74 2f67 7275 62e2 8099 290a 2020 2020 ot/grub...). \n-00001ea0: 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 202d grub-mkrescue -\n-00001eb0: 6f20 6772 7562 2e69 736f 2064 6973 6b0a o grub.iso disk.\n-00001ec0: 0a20 2020 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 . ...grub-mkre\n-00001ed0: 7363 7565 e280 9920 6163 6365 7074 7320 scue... accepts \n-00001ee0: 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6f70 the following op\n-00001ef0: 7469 6f6e 733a 0a0a e280 982d 2d68 656c tions:.....--hel\n-00001f00: 70e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5072 696e 7420 p.... Print \n-00001f10: 6120 7375 6d6d 6172 7920 6f66 2074 6865 a summary of the\n-00001f20: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 6f70 command-line op\n-00001f30: 7469 6f6e 7320 616e 6420 6578 6974 2e0a tions and exit..\n-00001f40: 0ae2 8098 2d2d 7665 7273 696f 6ee2 8099 ....--version...\n-00001f50: 0a20 2020 2020 5072 696e 7420 7468 6520 . Print the \n-00001f60: 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 206f version number o\n-00001f70: 6620 4752 5542 2061 6e64 2065 7869 742e f GRUB and exit.\n-00001f80: 0a0a e280 982d 6f20 4649 4c45 e280 990a .....-o FILE....\n-00001f90: e280 982d 2d6f 7574 7075 743d 4649 4c45 ...--output=FILE\n-00001fa0: e280 990a 2020 2020 2053 6176 6520 6f75 .... Save ou\n-00001fb0: 7470 7574 2069 6e20 4649 4c45 2e20 2054 tput in FILE. T\n-00001fc0: 6869 7320 226f 7074 696f 6e22 2069 7320 his \"option\" is \n-00001fd0: 7265 7175 6972 6564 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d2d required......--\n-00001fe0: 6d6f 6475 6c65 733d 4d4f 4455 4c45 53e2 modules=MODULES.\n-00001ff0: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5072 652d 6c6f 6164 ... Pre-load\n-00002000: 2074 6865 206e 616d 6564 2047 5255 4220 the named GRUB \n-00002010: 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 696e 2074 6865 2069 modules in the i\n-00002020: 6d61 6765 2e20 204d 756c 7469 706c 6520 mage. Multiple \n-00002030: 656e 7472 6965 7320 696e 0a20 2020 2020 entries in. \n-00002040: 4d4f 4455 4c45 5320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 MODULES should b\n-00002050: 6520 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 2077 e separated by w\n-00002060: 6869 7465 7370 6163 6520 2873 6f20 796f hitespace (so yo\n-00002070: 7520 7769 6c6c 2070 726f 6261 626c 790a u will probably.\n-00002080: 2020 2020 206e 6565 6420 746f 2071 756f need to quo\n-00002090: 7465 2074 6869 7320 666f 7220 796f 7572 te this for your\n-000020a0: 2073 6865 6c6c 292e 0a0a e280 982d 2d72 shell)......--r\n-000020b0: 6f6d 2d64 6972 6563 746f 7279 3d44 4952 om-directory=DIR\n-000020c0: e280 990a 2020 2020 2049 6620 6765 6e65 .... If gene\n-000020d0: 7261 7469 6e67 2069 6d61 6765 7320 666f rating images fo\n-000020e0: 7220 7468 6520 5145 4d55 206f 7220 436f r the QEMU or Co\n-000020f0: 7265 626f 6f74 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 reboot platforms\n-00002100: 2c20 636f 7079 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 , copy the. \n-00002110: 7265 7375 6c74 696e 6720 e280 9871 656d resulting ...qem\n-00002120: 752e 696d 67e2 8099 206f 7220 e280 9863 u.img... or ...c\n-00002130: 6f72 6562 6f6f 742e 656c 66e2 8099 2066 oreboot.elf... f\n-00002140: 696c 6573 2072 6573 7065 6374 6976 656c iles respectivel\n-00002150: 7920 746f 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 4449 y to the. DI\n-00002160: 5220 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 6173 2077 R directory as w\n-00002170: 656c 6c20 6173 2069 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 ell as including\n-00002180: 2074 6865 6d20 696e 2074 6865 2069 6d61 them in the ima\n-00002190: 6765 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d2d 786f 7272 6973 ge......--xorris\n-000021a0: 6f3d 4649 4c45 e280 990a 2020 2020 2055 o=FILE.... U\n-000021b0: 7365 2046 494c 4520 6173 2074 6865 20e2 se FILE as the .\n-000021c0: 8098 786f 7272 6973 6fe2 8099 2070 726f ..xorriso... pro\n-000021d0: 6772 616d 2c20 7261 7468 6572 2074 6861 gram, rather tha\n-000021e0: 6e20 7468 6520 6275 696c 742d 696e 0a20 n the built-in. \n-000021f0: 2020 2020 6465 6661 756c 742e 0a0a e280 default.....\n-00002200: 982d 2d67 7275 622d 6d6b 696d 6167 653d .--grub-mkimage=\n-00002210: 4649 4c45 e280 990a 2020 2020 2055 7365 FILE.... Use\n-00002220: 2046 494c 4520 6173 2074 6865 20e2 8098 FILE as the ...\n-00002230: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b69 6d61 6765 e280 9920 grub-mkimage... \n-00002240: 7072 6f67 7261 6d2c 2072 6174 6865 7220 program, rather \n-00002250: 7468 616e 2074 6865 2062 7569 6c74 2d69 than the built-i\n-00002260: 6e0a 2020 2020 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2e0a n. default..\n-00002270: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-00002280: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6e76 6f6b fo, Node: Invok\n-00002290: 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 2c20 ing grub-mount, \n-000022a0: 204e 6578 743a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 Next: Invoking \n-000022b0: 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 2c20 2050 7265 grub-probe, Pre\n-000022c0: 763a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 v: Invoking grub\n-000022d0: 2d6d 6b72 6573 6375 652c 2020 5570 3a20 -mkrescue, Up: \n-000022e0: 5573 6572 2d73 7061 6365 2075 7469 6c69 User-space utili\n-000022f0: 7469 6573 0a0a 3234 2e36 2049 6e76 6f6b ties..24.6 Invok\n-00002300: 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 0a3d ing grub-mount.=\n+000018c0: 3d0a 0a54 6865 2070 726f 6772 616d 20e2 =..The program .\n+000018d0: 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 656c 7061 7468 ..grub-mkrelpath\n+000018e0: e280 9920 6d61 6b65 7320 6120 6669 6c65 ... makes a file\n+000018f0: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 7061 7468 2072 656c system path rel\n+00001900: 6174 6976 6520 746f 2074 6865 0a72 6f6f ative to the.roo\n+00001910: 7420 6f66 2069 7473 2063 6f6e 7461 696e t of its contain\n+00001920: 696e 6720 6669 6c65 2073 7973 7465 6d2e ing file system.\n+00001930: 2020 466f 7220 696e 7374 616e 6365 2c20 For instance, \n+00001940: 6966 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 e280 9920 6973 if .../usr... is\n+00001950: 2061 206d 6f75 6e74 0a70 6f69 6e74 2c20 a mount.point, \n+00001960: 7468 656e 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2420 6772 then:.. $ gr\n+00001970: 7562 2d6d 6b72 656c 7061 7468 202f 7573 ub-mkrelpath /us\n+00001980: 722f 7368 6172 652f 6772 7562 2f75 6e69 r/share/grub/uni\n+00001990: 636f 6465 2e70 6632 0a20 2020 2020 e280 code.pf2. ..\n+000019a0: 982f 7368 6172 652f 6772 7562 2f75 6e69 ./share/grub/uni\n+000019b0: 636f 6465 2e70 6632 e280 990a 0a20 2020 code.pf2..... \n+000019c0: 5468 6973 2069 7320 6d61 696e 6c79 2075 This is mainly u\n+000019d0: 7365 6420 696e 7465 726e 616c 6c79 2062 sed internally b\n+000019e0: 7920 6f74 6865 7220 4752 5542 2075 7469 y other GRUB uti\n+000019f0: 6c69 7469 6573 2073 7563 6820 6173 0ae2 lities such as..\n+00001a00: 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 ..grub-mkconfig.\n+00001a10: 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 496e 766f 6b69 .. (*note Invoki\n+00001a20: 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 ng grub-mkconfig\n+00001a30: 3a3a 292c 2062 7574 206d 6179 206f 6363 ::), but may occ\n+00001a40: 6173 696f 6e61 6c6c 790a 616c 736f 2062 asionally.also b\n+00001a50: 6520 7573 6566 756c 2066 6f72 2064 6562 e useful for deb\n+00001a60: 7567 6769 6e67 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 9867 ugging... ...g\n+00001a70: 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 6c70 6174 68e2 8099 rub-mkrelpath...\n+00001a80: 2061 6363 6570 7473 2074 6865 2066 6f6c accepts the fol\n+00001a90: 6c6f 7769 6e67 206f 7074 696f 6e73 3a0a lowing options:.\n+00001aa0: 0ae2 8098 2d2d 6865 6c70 e280 990a 2020 ....--help.... \n+00001ab0: 2020 2050 7269 6e74 2061 2073 756d 6d61 Print a summa\n+00001ac0: 7279 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e ry of the comman\n+00001ad0: 642d 6c69 6e65 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 d-line options a\n+00001ae0: 6e64 2065 7869 742e 0a0a e280 982d 2d76 nd exit......--v\n+00001af0: 6572 7369 6f6e e280 990a 2020 2020 2050 ersion.... P\n+00001b00: 7269 6e74 2074 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e rint the version\n+00001b10: 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2047 5255 4220 number of GRUB \n+00001b20: 616e 6420 6578 6974 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c and exit.....Fil\n+00001b30: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+00001b40: 6f64 653a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 ode: Invoking gr\n+00001b50: 7562 2d6d 6b72 6573 6375 652c 2020 4e65 ub-mkrescue, Ne\n+00001b60: 7874 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 xt: Invoking gru\n+00001b70: 622d 6d6f 756e 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 b-mount, Prev: \n+00001b80: 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b Invoking grub-mk\n+00001b90: 7265 6c70 6174 682c 2020 5570 3a20 5573 relpath, Up: Us\n+00001ba0: 6572 2d73 7061 6365 2075 7469 6c69 7469 er-space utiliti\n+00001bb0: 6573 0a0a 3234 2e35 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e es..24.5 Invokin\n+00001bc0: 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 6573 6375 650a g grub-mkrescue.\n+00001bd0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00001be0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 ===========..The\n+00001bf0: 2070 726f 6772 616d 20e2 8098 6772 7562 program ...grub\n+00001c00: 2d6d 6b72 6573 6375 65e2 8099 2067 656e -mkrescue... gen\n+00001c10: 6572 6174 6573 2061 2062 6f6f 7461 626c erates a bootabl\n+00001c20: 6520 4752 5542 2072 6573 6375 6520 696d e GRUB rescue im\n+00001c30: 6167 650a 282a 6e6f 7465 204d 616b 696e age.(*note Makin\n+00001c40: 6720 6120 4752 5542 2062 6f6f 7461 626c g a GRUB bootabl\n+00001c50: 6520 4344 2d52 4f4d 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 e CD-ROM::)... \n+00001c60: 2020 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 grub-mkrescue\n+00001c70: 202d 6f20 6772 7562 2e69 736f 0a0a 2020 -o grub.iso.. \n+00001c80: 2041 6c6c 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 206e All arguments n\n+00001c90: 6f74 2065 7870 6c69 6369 746c 7920 6c69 ot explicitly li\n+00001ca0: 7374 6564 2061 7320 e280 9867 7275 622d sted as ...grub-\n+00001cb0: 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 e280 9920 6f70 7469 mkrescue... opti\n+00001cc0: 6f6e 7320 6172 650a 7061 7373 6564 206f ons are.passed o\n+00001cd0: 6e20 6469 7265 6374 6c79 2074 6f20 e280 n directly to ..\n+00001ce0: 9878 6f72 7269 736f e280 9920 696e 20e2 .xorriso... in .\n+00001cf0: 8098 6d6b 6973 6f66 73e2 8099 2065 6d75 ..mkisofs... emu\n+00001d00: 6c61 7469 6f6e 206d 6f64 652e 2020 4f70 lation mode. Op\n+00001d10: 7469 6f6e 730a 7061 7373 6564 2074 6f20 tions.passed to \n+00001d20: e280 9878 6f72 7269 736f e280 9920 7769 ...xorriso... wi\n+00001d30: 6c6c 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 6265 2069 ll normally be i\n+00001d40: 6e74 6572 7072 6574 6564 2061 7320 e280 nterpreted as ..\n+00001d50: 986d 6b69 736f 6673 e280 9920 6f70 7469 .mkisofs... opti\n+00001d60: 6f6e 733b 0a69 6620 7468 6520 6f70 7469 ons;.if the opti\n+00001d70: 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d2d e280 9920 6973 2075 on ...--... is u\n+00001d80: 7365 642c 2074 6865 6e20 616e 7974 6869 sed, then anythi\n+00001d90: 6e67 2061 6674 6572 2074 6861 7420 7769 ng after that wi\n+00001da0: 6c6c 2062 6520 696e 7465 7270 7265 7465 ll be interprete\n+00001db0: 640a 6173 206e 6174 6976 6520 e280 9878 d.as native ...x\n+00001dc0: 6f72 7269 736f e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e orriso... option\n+00001dd0: 732e 0a0a 2020 204e 6f6e 2d6f 7074 696f s... Non-optio\n+00001de0: 6e20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 7320 7370 6563 n arguments spec\n+00001df0: 6966 7920 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 2073 ify additional s\n+00001e00: 6f75 7263 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 6965 ource directorie\n+00001e10: 732e 2020 5468 6973 2069 730a 636f 6d6d s. This is.comm\n+00001e20: 6f6e 6c79 2075 7365 6420 746f 2061 6464 only used to add\n+00001e30: 2065 7874 7261 2066 696c 6573 2074 6f20 extra files to \n+00001e40: 7468 6520 696d 6167 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 the image:.. \n+00001e50: 206d 6b64 6972 202d 7020 6469 736b 2f62 mkdir -p disk/b\n+00001e60: 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 0a20 2020 2020 2861 oot/grub. (a\n+00001e70: 6464 2065 7874 7261 2066 696c 6573 2074 dd extra files t\n+00001e80: 6f20 e280 9864 6973 6b2f 626f 6f74 2f67 o ...disk/boot/g\n+00001e90: 7275 62e2 8099 290a 2020 2020 2067 7275 rub...). gru\n+00001ea0: 622d 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 202d 6f20 6772 b-mkrescue -o gr\n+00001eb0: 7562 2e69 736f 2064 6973 6b0a 0a20 2020 ub.iso disk.. \n+00001ec0: e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 ...grub-mkrescue\n+00001ed0: e280 9920 6163 6365 7074 7320 7468 6520 ... accepts the \n+00001ee0: 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6f70 7469 6f6e following option\n+00001ef0: 733a 0a0a e280 982d 2d68 656c 70e2 8099 s:.....--help...\n+00001f00: 0a20 2020 2020 5072 696e 7420 6120 7375 . Print a su\n+00001f10: 6d6d 6172 7920 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f6d mmary of the com\n+00001f20: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e mand-line option\n+00001f30: 7320 616e 6420 6578 6974 2e0a 0ae2 8098 s and exit......\n+00001f40: 2d2d 7665 7273 696f 6ee2 8099 0a20 2020 --version.... \n+00001f50: 2020 5072 696e 7420 7468 6520 7665 7273 Print the vers\n+00001f60: 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 4752 ion number of GR\n+00001f70: 5542 2061 6e64 2065 7869 742e 0a0a e280 UB and exit.....\n+00001f80: 982d 6f20 4649 4c45 e280 990a e280 982d .-o FILE.......-\n+00001f90: 2d6f 7574 7075 743d 4649 4c45 e280 990a -output=FILE....\n+00001fa0: 2020 2020 2053 6176 6520 6f75 7470 7574 Save output\n+00001fb0: 2069 6e20 4649 4c45 2e20 2054 6869 7320 in FILE. This \n+00001fc0: 226f 7074 696f 6e22 2069 7320 7265 7175 \"option\" is requ\n+00001fd0: 6972 6564 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d2d 6d6f 6475 ired......--modu\n+00001fe0: 6c65 733d 4d4f 4455 4c45 53e2 8099 0a20 les=MODULES.... \n+00001ff0: 2020 2020 5072 652d 6c6f 6164 2074 6865 Pre-load the\n+00002000: 206e 616d 6564 2047 5255 4220 6d6f 6475 named GRUB modu\n+00002010: 6c65 7320 696e 2074 6865 2069 6d61 6765 les in the image\n+00002020: 2e20 204d 756c 7469 706c 6520 656e 7472 . Multiple entr\n+00002030: 6965 7320 696e 0a20 2020 2020 4d4f 4455 ies in. MODU\n+00002040: 4c45 5320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 7365 LES should be se\n+00002050: 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 2077 6869 7465 parated by white\n+00002060: 7370 6163 6520 2873 6f20 796f 7520 7769 space (so you wi\n+00002070: 6c6c 2070 726f 6261 626c 790a 2020 2020 ll probably. \n+00002080: 206e 6565 6420 746f 2071 756f 7465 2074 need to quote t\n+00002090: 6869 7320 666f 7220 796f 7572 2073 6865 his for your she\n+000020a0: 6c6c 292e 0a0a e280 982d 2d72 6f6d 2d64 ll)......--rom-d\n+000020b0: 6972 6563 746f 7279 3d44 4952 e280 990a irectory=DIR....\n+000020c0: 2020 2020 2049 6620 6765 6e65 7261 7469 If generati\n+000020d0: 6e67 2069 6d61 6765 7320 666f 7220 7468 ng images for th\n+000020e0: 6520 5145 4d55 206f 7220 436f 7265 626f e QEMU or Corebo\n+000020f0: 6f74 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2c20 636f ot platforms, co\n+00002100: 7079 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 7265 7375 py the. resu\n+00002110: 6c74 696e 6720 e280 9871 656d 752e 696d lting ...qemu.im\n+00002120: 67e2 8099 206f 7220 e280 9863 6f72 6562 g... or ...coreb\n+00002130: 6f6f 742e 656c 66e2 8099 2066 696c 6573 oot.elf... files\n+00002140: 2072 6573 7065 6374 6976 656c 7920 746f respectively to\n+00002150: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 4449 5220 6469 the. DIR di\n+00002160: 7265 6374 6f72 7920 6173 2077 656c 6c20 rectory as well \n+00002170: 6173 2069 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 2074 6865 as including the\n+00002180: 6d20 696e 2074 6865 2069 6d61 6765 2e0a m in the image..\n+00002190: 0ae2 8098 2d2d 786f 7272 6973 6f3d 4649 ....--xorriso=FI\n+000021a0: 4c45 e280 990a 2020 2020 2055 7365 2046 LE.... Use F\n+000021b0: 494c 4520 6173 2074 6865 20e2 8098 786f ILE as the ...xo\n+000021c0: 7272 6973 6fe2 8099 2070 726f 6772 616d rriso... program\n+000021d0: 2c20 7261 7468 6572 2074 6861 6e20 7468 , rather than th\n+000021e0: 6520 6275 696c 742d 696e 0a20 2020 2020 e built-in. \n+000021f0: 6465 6661 756c 742e 0a0a e280 982d 2d67 default......--g\n+00002200: 7275 622d 6d6b 696d 6167 653d 4649 4c45 rub-mkimage=FILE\n+00002210: e280 990a 2020 2020 2055 7365 2046 494c .... Use FIL\n+00002220: 4520 6173 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6772 7562 E as the ...grub\n+00002230: 2d6d 6b69 6d61 6765 e280 9920 7072 6f67 -mkimage... prog\n+00002240: 7261 6d2c 2072 6174 6865 7220 7468 616e ram, rather than\n+00002250: 2074 6865 2062 7569 6c74 2d69 6e0a 2020 the built-in. \n+00002260: 2020 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 default.....F\n+00002270: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+00002280: 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 Node: Invoking \n+00002290: 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 2c20 204e 6578 grub-mount, Nex\n+000022a0: 743a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 t: Invoking grub\n+000022b0: 2d70 726f 6265 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2049 -probe, Prev: I\n+000022c0: 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 nvoking grub-mkr\n+000022d0: 6573 6375 652c 2020 5570 3a20 5573 6572 escue, Up: User\n+000022e0: 2d73 7061 6365 2075 7469 6c69 7469 6573 -space utilities\n+000022f0: 0a0a 3234 2e36 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 ..24.6 Invoking \n+00002300: 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d grub-mount.=====\n 00002310: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00002320: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 2070 726f =======..The pro\n-00002330: 6772 616d 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 gram ...grub-mou\n-00002340: 6e74 e280 9920 7065 7266 6f72 6d73 2061 nt... performs a\n-00002350: 2072 6561 642d 6f6e 6c79 206d 6f75 6e74 read-only mount\n-00002360: 206f 6620 616e 7920 6669 6c65 2073 7973 of any file sys\n-00002370: 7465 6d0a 6f72 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 tem.or file syst\n-00002380: 656d 2069 6d61 6765 2074 6861 7420 4752 em image that GR\n-00002390: 5542 2075 6e64 6572 7374 616e 6473 2c20 UB understands, \n-000023a0: 7573 696e 6720 4752 5542 2773 2066 696c using GRUB's fil\n-000023b0: 6520 7379 7374 656d 0a64 7269 7665 7273 e system.drivers\n-000023c0: 2076 6961 2046 5553 452e 2028 4974 2069 via FUSE. (It i\n-000023d0: 7320 6f6e 6c79 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 s only available\n-000023e0: 2069 6620 4655 5345 2064 6576 656c 6f70 if FUSE develop\n-000023f0: 6d65 6e74 2066 696c 6573 2077 6572 650a ment files were.\n-00002400: 7072 6573 656e 7420 7768 656e 2047 5255 present when GRU\n-00002410: 4220 7761 7320 6275 696c 742e 2920 2054 B was built.) T\n-00002420: 6869 7320 6861 7320 6120 6e75 6d62 6572 his has a number\n-00002430: 206f 6620 7573 6573 3a0a 0a20 2020 e280 of uses:.. ..\n-00002440: a220 4974 2070 726f 7669 6465 7320 6120 . It provides a \n-00002450: 636f 6e76 656e 6965 6e74 2077 6179 2074 convenient way t\n-00002460: 6f20 6368 6563 6b20 686f 7720 4752 5542 o check how GRUB\n-00002470: 2077 696c 6c20 7669 6577 2061 2066 696c will view a fil\n-00002480: 650a 2020 2020 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6174 e. system at\n-00002490: 2062 6f6f 7420 7469 6d65 2e20 2059 6f75 boot time. You\n-000024a0: 2063 616e 2075 7365 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 can use normal \n-000024b0: 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2074 6f6f command-line too\n-000024c0: 6c73 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 7061 ls to. compa\n-000024d0: 7265 2074 6861 7420 7669 6577 2077 6974 re that view wit\n-000024e0: 6820 7468 6174 206f 6620 796f 7572 206f h that of your o\n-000024f0: 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d2c perating system,\n-00002500: 206d 616b 696e 6720 6974 0a20 2020 2020 making it. \n-00002510: 6561 7379 2074 6f20 6669 6e64 2062 7567 easy to find bug\n-00002520: 732e 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2049 7420 6f66 s... ... It of\n-00002530: 6665 7273 2074 7275 6520 7265 6164 2d6f fers true read-o\n-00002540: 6e6c 7920 6d6f 756e 7473 2e20 204c 696e nly mounts. Lin\n-00002550: 7578 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 6861 7665 ux does not have\n-00002560: 2074 6865 7365 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 these for. \n-00002570: 6a6f 7572 6e61 6c6c 696e 6720 6669 6c65 journalling file\n-00002580: 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2c20 6265 6361 7573 systems, becaus\n-00002590: 6520 6974 2077 696c 6c20 616c 7761 7973 e it will always\n-000025a0: 2061 7474 656d 7074 2074 6f20 7265 706c attempt to repl\n-000025b0: 6179 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 6a6f 7572 ay. the jour\n-000025c0: 6e61 6c20 6174 206d 6f75 6e74 2074 696d nal at mount tim\n-000025d0: 653b 2077 6869 6c65 2079 6f75 2063 616e e; while you can\n-000025e0: 2074 656d 706f 7261 7269 6c79 206d 6172 temporarily mar\n-000025f0: 6b20 7468 6520 626c 6f63 6b0a 2020 2020 k the block. \n-00002600: 2064 6576 6963 6520 7265 6164 2d6f 6e6c device read-onl\n-00002610: 7920 746f 2061 766f 6964 2074 6869 732c y to avoid this,\n-00002620: 2074 6861 7420 6361 7573 6573 2074 6865 that causes the\n-00002630: 206d 6f75 6e74 2074 6f20 6661 696c 2e0a mount to fail..\n-00002640: 2020 2020 2053 696e 6365 2047 5255 4220 Since GRUB \n-00002650: 696e 7465 6e74 696f 6e61 6c6c 7920 636f intentionally co\n-00002660: 6e74 6169 6e73 206e 6f20 636f 6465 2066 ntains no code f\n-00002670: 6f72 2077 7269 7469 6e67 2074 6f20 6669 or writing to fi\n-00002680: 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 7379 7374 656d 732c le. systems,\n-00002690: 2069 7420 6361 6e20 6561 7369 6c79 2070 it can easily p\n-000026a0: 726f 7669 6465 2061 2067 7561 7261 6e74 rovide a guarant\n-000026b0: 6565 6420 7265 6164 2d6f 6e6c 7920 6d6f eed read-only mo\n-000026c0: 756e 740a 2020 2020 206d 6563 6861 6e69 unt. mechani\n-000026d0: 736d 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 4974 2061 sm... ... 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If y\n-00002bd0: 6f75 2075 7365 20e2 8098 7072 6f6d 7074 ou use ...prompt\n-00002be0: e280 9920 6173 2074 6865 2061 7267 756d ... as the argum\n-00002bf0: 656e 742c 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9867 7275 ent,. ...gru\n-00002c00: 622d 6d6f 756e 74e2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 b-mount... will \n-00002c10: 7265 6164 2061 2070 6173 7370 6872 6173 read a passphras\n-00002c20: 6520 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2074 6572 6d69 e from the termi\n-00002c30: 6e61 6c3b 206f 7468 6572 7769 7365 2c0a nal; otherwise,.\n-00002c40: 2020 2020 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 2072 6561 it will rea\n-00002c50: 6420 6b65 7920 6d61 7465 7269 616c 2066 d key material f\n-00002c60: 726f 6d20 7468 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 rom the specifie\n-00002c70: 6420 6669 6c65 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d72 2044 d file......-r D\n-00002c80: 4556 4943 45e2 8099 0ae2 8098 2d2d 726f EVICE.......--ro\n-00002c90: 6f74 3d44 4556 4943 45e2 8099 0a20 2020 ot=DEVICE.... \n-00002ca0: 2020 5365 7420 7468 6520 4752 5542 2072 Set the GRUB r\n-00002cb0: 6f6f 7420 6465 7669 6365 2074 6f20 4445 oot device to DE\n-00002cc0: 5649 4345 2e20 2059 6f75 2064 6f20 6e6f VICE. 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If\n-00002d60: 2044 4556 4943 4520 6973 206a 7573 7420 DEVICE is just \n-00002d70: 6120 6e75 6d62 6572 2c20 7468 656e 2069 a number, then i\n-00002d80: 7420 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 7472 6561 7465 t will be treate\n-00002d90: 6420 6173 2061 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e d as a partition\n-00002da0: 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d62 6572 2077 6974 . number wit\n-00002db0: 6869 6e20 7468 6520 7375 7070 6c69 6564 hin the supplied\n-00002dc0: 2069 6d61 6765 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6d65 image. This me\n-00002dd0: 616e 7320 7468 6174 2c20 6966 2079 6f75 ans that, if you\n-00002de0: 2068 6176 6520 616e 0a20 2020 2020 696d have an. im\n-00002df0: 6167 6520 6f66 2061 6e20 656e 7469 7265 age of an entire\n-00002e00: 2064 6973 6b20 696e 20e2 8098 6469 736b disk in ...disk\n-00002e10: 2e69 6d67 e280 992c 2074 6865 6e20 796f .img..., then yo\n-00002e20: 7520 6361 6e20 7573 6520 7468 6973 0a20 u can use this. \n-00002e30: 2020 2020 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 746f 206d command to m\n-00002e40: 6f75 6e74 2069 7473 2073 6563 6f6e 6420 ount its second \n-00002e50: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e3a 0a0a 2020 2020 partition:.. \n-00002e60: 2020 2020 2020 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 grub-mount\n-00002e70: 202d 7220 3220 6469 736b 2e69 6d67 206d -r 2 disk.img m\n-00002e80: 6f75 6e74 2d70 6f69 6e74 0a0a e280 982d ount-point.....-\n-00002e90: 76e2 8099 0ae2 8098 2d2d 7665 7262 6f73 v.......--verbos\n-00002ea0: 65e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5072 696e 7420 e.... 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The a\n-000033f0: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2074 6172 6765 7473 vailable targets\n-00003400: 2061 6e64 2074 6865 6972 206d 6561 6e69 and their meani\n-00003410: 6e67 7320 6172 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 20e2 ngs are:.. .\n-00003420: 8098 6673 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ..fs.... \n-00003430: 2020 4752 5542 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 GRUB filesyste\n-00003440: 6d20 6d6f 6475 6c65 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 m module.. .\n-00003450: 8098 6673 5f75 7569 64e2 8099 0a20 2020 ..fs_uuid.... \n-00003460: 2020 2020 2020 2046 696c 6573 7973 7465 Filesyste\n-00003470: 6d20 556e 6976 6572 7361 6c6c 7920 556e m Universally Un\n-00003480: 6971 7565 2049 6465 6e74 6966 6965 7220 ique Identifier \n-00003490: 2855 5549 4429 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 (UUID).. ...\n-000034a0: 6673 5f6c 6162 656c e280 990a 2020 2020 fs_label.... \n-000034b0: 2020 2020 2020 4669 6c65 7379 7374 656d Filesystem\n-000034c0: 206c 6162 656c 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 label.. ...\n-000034d0: 6472 6976 65e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 drive.... \n-000034e0: 2020 2047 5255 4220 6465 7669 6365 206e GRUB device n\n-000034f0: 616d 652e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9864 6576 ame.. ...dev\n-00003500: 6963 65e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ice.... \n-00003510: 2053 7973 7465 6d20 6465 7669 6365 206e System device n\n-00003520: 616d 652e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9870 6172 ame.. ...par\n-00003530: 746d 6170 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 tmap.... \n-00003540: 2020 4752 5542 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e GRUB partition\n-00003550: 206d 6170 206d 6f64 756c 652e 0a20 2020 map module.. \n-00003560: 2020 e280 9861 6273 7472 6163 7469 6f6e ...abstraction\n-00003570: e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4752 .... GR\n-00003580: 5542 2061 6273 7472 6163 7469 6f6e 206d UB abstraction m\n-00003590: 6f64 756c 6520 2865 2e67 2e20 20e2 8098 odule (e.g. ...\n-000035a0: 6c76 6de2 8099 292e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 lvm...).. ..\n-000035b0: 9863 7279 7074 6f64 6973 6b5f 7575 6964 .cryptodisk_uuid\n-000035c0: e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4372 .... Cr\n-000035d0: 7970 746f 2064 6576 6963 6520 5555 4944 ypto device UUID\n-000035e0: 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6d73 646f 735f .. ...msdos_\n-000035f0: 7061 7274 7479 7065 e280 990a 2020 2020 parttype.... \n-00003600: 2020 2020 2020 4d42 5220 7061 7274 6974 MBR partit\n-00003610: 696f 6e20 7479 7065 2063 6f64 6520 2874 ion type code (t\n-00003620: 776f 2068 6578 6164 6563 696d 616c 2064 wo hexadecimal d\n-00003630: 6967 6974 7329 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 igits).. ...\n-00003640: 6869 6e74 735f 7374 7269 6e67 e280 990a hints_string....\n-00003650: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4120 7374 7269 A stri\n-00003660: 6e67 206f 6620 706c 6174 666f 726d 2073 ng of platform s\n-00003670: 6561 7263 6820 6869 6e74 7320 7375 6974 earch hints suit\n-00003680: 6162 6c65 2066 6f72 2070 6173 7369 6e67 able for passing\n-00003690: 2074 6f20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 to the. \n-000036a0: 2020 e280 9873 6561 7263 68e2 8099 2063 ...search... c\n-000036b0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 7365 ommand (*note se\n-000036c0: 6172 6368 3a3a 292e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 arch::).. ..\n-000036d0: 9862 696f 735f 6869 6e74 73e2 8099 0a20 .bios_hints.... \n-000036e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 6561 7263 6820 Search \n-000036f0: 6869 6e74 7320 666f 7220 7468 6520 5043 hints for the PC\n-00003700: 2042 494f 5320 706c 6174 666f 726d 2e0a BIOS platform..\n-00003710: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6965 6565 3132 3735 ...ieee1275\n-00003720: 5f68 696e 7473 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 _hints.... \n-00003730: 2020 2020 5365 6172 6368 2068 696e 7473 Search hints\n-00003740: 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2049 4545 4531 3237 for the IEEE127\n-00003750: 3520 706c 6174 666f 726d 2e0a 2020 2020 5 platform.. \n-00003760: 20e2 8098 6261 7265 6d65 7461 6c5f 6869 ...baremetal_hi\n-00003770: 6e74 73e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 nts.... \n-00003780: 2053 6561 7263 6820 6869 6e74 7320 666f Search hints fo\n-00003790: 7220 706c 6174 666f 726d 7320 7768 6572 r platforms wher\n-000037a0: 6520 6469 736b 7320 6172 6520 6164 6472 e disks are addr\n-000037b0: 6573 7365 6420 6469 7265 6374 6c79 0a20 essed directly. \n-000037c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2072 6174 6865 7220 rather \n-000037d0: 7468 616e 2076 6961 2066 6972 6d77 6172 than via firmwar\n-000037e0: 652e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9865 6669 5f68 e.. ...efi_h\n-000037f0: 696e 7473 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ints.... \n-00003800: 2020 5365 6172 6368 2068 696e 7473 2066 Search hints f\n-00003810: 6f72 2074 6865 2045 4649 2070 6c61 7466 or the EFI platf\n-00003820: 6f72 6d2e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9861 7263 orm.. ...arc\n-00003830: 5f68 696e 7473 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 _hints.... \n-00003840: 2020 2020 5365 6172 6368 2068 696e 7473 Search hints\n-00003850: 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2041 5243 2070 6c61 for the ARC pla\n-00003860: 7466 6f72 6d2e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9863 tform.. ...c\n-00003870: 6f6d 7061 7469 6269 6c69 7479 5f68 696e ompatibility_hin\n-00003880: 74e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2041 t.... A\n-00003890: 2067 7565 7373 2061 7420 6120 7265 6173 guess at a reas\n-000038a0: 6f6e 6162 6c65 2047 5255 4220 6472 6976 onable GRUB driv\n-000038b0: 6520 6e61 6d65 2066 6f72 2074 6869 7320 e name for this \n-000038c0: 6465 7669 6365 2c20 7768 6963 680a 2020 device, which. \n-000038d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d61 7920 6265 2075 may be u\n-000038e0: 7365 6420 6173 2061 2066 616c 6c62 6163 sed as a fallbac\n-000038f0: 6b20 6966 2074 6865 20e2 8098 7365 6172 k if the ...sear\n-00003900: 6368 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6661 ch... command fa\n-00003910: 696c 732e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9864 6973 ils.. ...dis\n-00003920: 6be2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 k.... S\n-00003930: 7973 7465 6d20 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d ystem device nam\n-00003940: 6520 666f 7220 7468 6520 7768 6f6c 6520 e for the whole \n-00003950: 6469 736b 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d76 e280 990a disk......-v....\n-00003960: e280 982d 2d76 6572 626f 7365 e280 990a ...--verbose....\n-00003970: 2020 2020 2050 7269 6e74 2076 6572 626f Print verbo\n-00003980: 7365 206d 6573 7361 6765 732e 0a0a 1f0a se messages.....\n-00003990: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-000039a0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 Node: Invoking\n-000039b0: 2067 7275 622d 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 grub-script-che\n-000039c0: 636b 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2049 6e76 6f6b ck, Prev: Invok\n-000039d0: 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 2c20 ing grub-probe, \n-000039e0: 2055 703a 2055 7365 722d 7370 6163 6520 Up: User-space \n-000039f0: 7574 696c 6974 6965 730a 0a32 342e 3820 utilities..24.8 \n-00003a00: 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 7363 Invoking grub-sc\n-00003a10: 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d ript-check.=====\n+00002320: 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 2070 726f 6772 616d ===..The program\n+00002330: 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 e280 ...grub-mount..\n+00002340: 9920 7065 7266 6f72 6d73 2061 2072 6561 . performs a rea\n+00002350: 642d 6f6e 6c79 206d 6f75 6e74 206f 6620 d-only mount of \n+00002360: 616e 7920 6669 6c65 2073 7973 7465 6d0a any file system.\n+00002370: 6f72 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d 2069 or file system i\n+00002380: 6d61 6765 2074 6861 7420 4752 5542 2075 mage that GRUB u\n+00002390: 6e64 6572 7374 616e 6473 2c20 7573 696e nderstands, usin\n+000023a0: 6720 4752 5542 2773 2066 696c 6520 7379 g GRUB's file sy\n+000023b0: 7374 656d 0a64 7269 7665 7273 2076 6961 stem.drivers via\n+000023c0: 2046 5553 452e 2028 4974 2069 7320 6f6e FUSE. (It is on\n+000023d0: 6c79 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2069 6620 ly available if \n+000023e0: 4655 5345 2064 6576 656c 6f70 6d65 6e74 FUSE development\n+000023f0: 2066 696c 6573 2077 6572 650a 7072 6573 files were.pres\n+00002400: 656e 7420 7768 656e 2047 5255 4220 7761 ent when GRUB wa\n+00002410: 7320 6275 696c 742e 2920 2054 6869 7320 s built.) This \n+00002420: 6861 7320 6120 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 has a number of \n+00002430: 7573 6573 3a0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 4974 uses:.. ... It\n+00002440: 2070 726f 7669 6465 7320 6120 636f 6e76 provides a conv\n+00002450: 656e 6965 6e74 2077 6179 2074 6f20 6368 enient way to ch\n+00002460: 6563 6b20 686f 7720 4752 5542 2077 696c eck how GRUB wil\n+00002470: 6c20 7669 6577 2061 2066 696c 650a 2020 l view a file. \n+00002480: 2020 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6174 2062 6f6f system at boo\n+00002490: 7420 7469 6d65 2e20 2059 6f75 2063 616e t time. You can\n+000024a0: 2075 7365 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 636f 6d6d use normal comm\n+000024b0: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2074 6f6f 6c73 2074 and-line tools t\n+000024c0: 6f0a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 7061 7265 2074 o. compare t\n+000024d0: 6861 7420 7669 6577 2077 6974 6820 7468 hat view with th\n+000024e0: 6174 206f 6620 796f 7572 206f 7065 7261 at of your opera\n+000024f0: 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d2c 206d 616b ting system, mak\n+00002500: 696e 6720 6974 0a20 2020 2020 6561 7379 ing it. easy\n+00002510: 2074 6f20 6669 6e64 2062 7567 732e 0a0a to find bugs...\n+00002520: 2020 20e2 80a2 2049 7420 6f66 6665 7273 ... It offers\n+00002530: 2074 7275 6520 7265 6164 2d6f 6e6c 7920 true read-only \n+00002540: 6d6f 756e 7473 2e20 204c 696e 7578 2064 mounts. Linux d\n+00002550: 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 6861 7665 2074 6865 oes not have the\n+00002560: 7365 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 6a6f 7572 se for. jour\n+00002570: 6e61 6c6c 696e 6720 6669 6c65 2073 7973 nalling file sys\n+00002580: 7465 6d73 2c20 6265 6361 7573 6520 6974 tems, because it\n+00002590: 2077 696c 6c20 616c 7761 7973 2061 7474 will always att\n+000025a0: 656d 7074 2074 6f20 7265 706c 6179 0a20 empt to replay. \n+000025b0: 2020 2020 7468 6520 6a6f 7572 6e61 6c20 the journal \n+000025c0: 6174 206d 6f75 6e74 2074 696d 653b 2077 at mount time; w\n+000025d0: 6869 6c65 2079 6f75 2063 616e 2074 656d hile you can tem\n+000025e0: 706f 7261 7269 6c79 206d 6172 6b20 7468 porarily mark th\n+000025f0: 6520 626c 6f63 6b0a 2020 2020 2064 6576 e block. dev\n+00002600: 6963 6520 7265 6164 2d6f 6e6c 7920 746f ice read-only to\n+00002610: 2061 766f 6964 2074 6869 732c 2074 6861 avoid this, tha\n+00002620: 7420 6361 7573 6573 2074 6865 206d 6f75 t causes the mou\n+00002630: 6e74 2074 6f20 6661 696c 2e0a 2020 2020 nt to fail.. \n+00002640: 2053 696e 6365 2047 5255 4220 696e 7465 Since GRUB inte\n+00002650: 6e74 696f 6e61 6c6c 7920 636f 6e74 6169 ntionally contai\n+00002660: 6e73 206e 6f20 636f 6465 2066 6f72 2077 ns no code for w\n+00002670: 7269 7469 6e67 2074 6f20 6669 6c65 0a20 riting to file. \n+00002680: 2020 2020 7379 7374 656d 732c 2069 7420 systems, it \n+00002690: 6361 6e20 6561 7369 6c79 2070 726f 7669 can easily provi\n+000026a0: 6465 2061 2067 7561 7261 6e74 6565 6420 de a guaranteed \n+000026b0: 7265 6164 2d6f 6e6c 7920 6d6f 756e 740a read-only mount.\n+000026c0: 2020 2020 206d 6563 6861 6e69 736d 2e0a mechanism..\n+000026d0: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 4974 2061 6c6c 6f77 . ... It allow\n+000026e0: 7320 796f 7520 746f 2065 7861 6d69 6e65 s you to examine\n+000026f0: 2061 6e79 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d any file system\n+00002700: 2074 6861 7420 4752 5542 2075 6e64 6572 that GRUB under\n+00002710: 7374 616e 6473 0a20 2020 2020 7769 7468 stands. with\n+00002720: 6f75 7420 6e65 6564 696e 6720 746f 206c out needing to l\n+00002730: 6f61 6420 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 206d oad additional m\n+00002740: 6f64 756c 6573 2069 6e74 6f20 796f 7572 odules into your\n+00002750: 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 running. ke\n+00002760: 726e 656c 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6d61 7920 rnel, which may \n+00002770: 6265 2075 7365 6675 6c20 696e 2063 6f6e be useful in con\n+00002780: 7374 7261 696e 6564 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e strained environ\n+00002790: 6d65 6e74 7320 7375 6368 2061 730a 2020 ments such as. \n+000027a0: 2020 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6572 732e 0a0a installers...\n+000027b0: 2020 20e2 80a2 2053 696e 6365 2069 7420 ... Since it \n+000027c0: 6361 6e20 6578 616d 696e 6520 6669 6c65 can examine file\n+000027d0: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 696d 6167 6573 2028 system images (\n+000027e0: 636f 6e74 6169 6e65 6420 696e 2072 6567 contained in reg\n+000027f0: 756c 6172 0a20 2020 2020 6669 6c65 7329 ular. files)\n+00002800: 206a 7573 7420 6173 2065 6173 696c 7920 just as easily \n+00002810: 6173 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d 7320 as file systems \n+00002820: 6f6e 2062 6c6f 636b 2064 6576 6963 6573 on block devices\n+00002830: 2c20 796f 7520 6361 6e20 7573 650a 2020 , you can use. \n+00002840: 2020 2069 7420 746f 2069 6e73 7065 6374 it to inspect\n+00002850: 2061 6e79 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d any file system\n+00002860: 2069 6d61 6765 2074 6861 7420 4752 5542 image that GRUB\n+00002870: 2075 6e64 6572 7374 616e 6473 2077 6974 understands wit\n+00002880: 6820 6f6e 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 656e 6f75 h only. enou\n+00002890: 6768 2070 7269 7669 6c65 6765 7320 746f gh privileges to\n+000028a0: 2075 7365 2046 5553 452c 2065 7665 6e20 use FUSE, even \n+000028b0: 6966 206e 6f62 6f64 7920 6861 7320 7965 if nobody has ye\n+000028c0: 7420 7772 6974 7465 6e20 610a 2020 2020 t written a. \n+000028d0: 2046 5553 4520 6d6f 6475 6c65 2073 7065 FUSE module spe\n+000028e0: 6369 6669 6361 6c6c 7920 666f 7220 7468 cifically for th\n+000028f0: 6174 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d 2074 at file system t\n+00002900: 7970 652e 0a0a 2020 2055 7369 6e67 20e2 ype... Using .\n+00002910: 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 e280 9920 ..grub-mount... \n+00002920: 6973 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 6173 2073 is normally as s\n+00002930: 696d 706c 6520 6173 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 imple as:.. \n+00002940: 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 202f 6465 762f grub-mount /dev/\n+00002950: 7364 6131 202f 6d6e 740a 0a20 2020 e280 sda1 /mnt.. ..\n+00002960: 9867 7275 622d 6d6f 756e 74e2 8099 206d .grub-mount... m\n+00002970: 7573 7420 6265 2067 6976 656e 206f 6e65 ust be given one\n+00002980: 206f 7220 6d6f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 7320 or more images \n+00002990: 616e 6420 6120 6d6f 756e 7420 706f 696e and a mount poin\n+000029a0: 7420 6173 0a6e 6f6e 2d6f 7074 696f 6e20 t as.non-option \n+000029b0: 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 7320 2869 6620 6974 arguments (if it\n+000029c0: 2069 7320 6769 7665 6e20 6d6f 7265 2074 is given more t\n+000029d0: 6861 6e20 6f6e 6520 696d 6167 652c 2069 han one image, i\n+000029e0: 7420 7769 6c6c 2074 7265 6174 0a74 6865 t will treat.the\n+000029f0: 6d20 6173 2061 2052 4149 4420 7365 7429 m as a RAID set)\n+00002a00: 2c20 616e 6420 616c 736f 2061 6363 6570 , and also accep\n+00002a10: 7473 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 ts the following\n+00002a20: 206f 7074 696f 6e73 3a0a 0ae2 8098 2d2d options:.....--\n+00002a30: 6865 6c70 e280 990a 2020 2020 2050 7269 help.... Pri\n+00002a40: 6e74 2061 2073 756d 6d61 7279 206f 6620 nt a summary of \n+00002a50: 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 the command-line\n+00002a60: 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 6e64 2065 7869 options and exi\n+00002a70: 742e 0a0a e280 982d 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e t......--version\n+00002a80: e280 990a 2020 2020 2050 7269 6e74 2074 .... Print t\n+00002a90: 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 he version numbe\n+00002aa0: 7220 6f66 2047 5255 4220 616e 6420 6578 r of GRUB and ex\n+00002ab0: 6974 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d43 e280 990a e280 it......-C......\n+00002ac0: 982d 2d63 7279 7074 6fe2 8099 0a20 2020 .--crypto.... \n+00002ad0: 2020 4d6f 756e 7420 656e 6372 7970 7465 Mount encrypte\n+00002ae0: 6420 6465 7669 6365 732c 2070 726f 6d70 d devices, promp\n+00002af0: 7469 6e67 2066 6f72 2061 2070 6173 7370 ting for a passp\n+00002b00: 6872 6173 6520 6966 206e 6563 6573 7361 hrase if necessa\n+00002b10: 7279 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d64 2053 5452 494e ry......-d STRIN\n+00002b20: 47e2 8099 0ae2 8098 2d2d 6465 6275 673d G.......--debug=\n+00002b30: 5354 5249 4e47 e280 990a 2020 2020 2053 STRING.... S\n+00002b40: 686f 7720 6465 6275 6767 696e 6720 6f75 how debugging ou\n+00002b50: 7470 7574 2066 6f72 2063 6f6e 6469 7469 tput for conditi\n+00002b60: 6f6e 7320 6d61 7463 6869 6e67 2053 5452 ons matching STR\n+00002b70: 494e 472e 0a0a e280 982d 4b20 7072 6f6d ING......-K prom\n+00002b80: 7074 7c46 494c 45e2 8099 0ae2 8098 2d2d pt|FILE.......--\n+00002b90: 7a66 732d 6b65 793d 7072 6f6d 7074 7c46 zfs-key=prompt|F\n+00002ba0: 494c 45e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 ILE.... Load\n+00002bb0: 2061 205a 4653 2065 6e63 7279 7074 696f a ZFS encryptio\n+00002bc0: 6e20 6b65 792e 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2075 n key. If you u\n+00002bd0: 7365 20e2 8098 7072 6f6d 7074 e280 9920 se ...prompt... \n+00002be0: 6173 2074 6865 2061 7267 756d 656e 742c as the argument,\n+00002bf0: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6f . ...grub-mo\n+00002c00: 756e 74e2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 7265 6164 unt... will read\n+00002c10: 2061 2070 6173 7370 6872 6173 6520 6672 a passphrase fr\n+00002c20: 6f6d 2074 6865 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c3b om the terminal;\n+00002c30: 206f 7468 6572 7769 7365 2c0a 2020 2020 otherwise,. \n+00002c40: 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 2072 6561 6420 6b65 it will read ke\n+00002c50: 7920 6d61 7465 7269 616c 2066 726f 6d20 y material from \n+00002c60: 7468 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 6669 the specified fi\n+00002c70: 6c65 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d72 2044 4556 4943 le......-r DEVIC\n+00002c80: 45e2 8099 0ae2 8098 2d2d 726f 6f74 3d44 E.......--root=D\n+00002c90: 4556 4943 45e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5365 EVICE.... Se\n+00002ca0: 7420 7468 6520 4752 5542 2072 6f6f 7420 t the GRUB root \n+00002cb0: 6465 7669 6365 2074 6f20 4445 5649 4345 device to DEVICE\n+00002cc0: 2e20 2059 6f75 2064 6f20 6e6f 7420 6e6f . You do not no\n+00002cd0: 726d 616c 6c79 206e 6565 6420 746f 0a20 rmally need to. \n+00002ce0: 2020 2020 7365 7420 7468 6973 3b20 e280 set this; ..\n+00002cf0: 9867 7275 622d 6d6f 756e 74e2 8099 2077 .grub-mount... w\n+00002d00: 696c 6c20 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6361 6c6c ill automaticall\n+00002d10: 7920 7365 7420 7468 6520 726f 6f74 2064 y set the root d\n+00002d20: 6576 6963 6520 746f 0a20 2020 2020 7468 evice to. th\n+00002d30: 6520 726f 6f74 206f 6620 7468 6520 7375 e root of the su\n+00002d40: 7070 6c69 6564 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 pplied file syst\n+00002d50: 656d 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2044 4556 em... If DEV\n+00002d60: 4943 4520 6973 206a 7573 7420 6120 6e75 ICE is just a nu\n+00002d70: 6d62 6572 2c20 7468 656e 2069 7420 7769 mber, then it wi\n+00002d80: 6c6c 2062 6520 7472 6561 7465 6420 6173 ll be treated as\n+00002d90: 2061 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 a partition. \n+00002da0: 2020 6e75 6d62 6572 2077 6974 6869 6e20 number within \n+00002db0: 7468 6520 7375 7070 6c69 6564 2069 6d61 the supplied ima\n+00002dc0: 6765 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6d65 616e 7320 ge. This means \n+00002dd0: 7468 6174 2c20 6966 2079 6f75 2068 6176 that, if you hav\n+00002de0: 6520 616e 0a20 2020 2020 696d 6167 6520 e an. image \n+00002df0: 6f66 2061 6e20 656e 7469 7265 2064 6973 of an entire dis\n+00002e00: 6b20 696e 20e2 8098 6469 736b 2e69 6d67 k in ...disk.img\n+00002e10: e280 992c 2074 6865 6e20 796f 7520 6361 ..., then you ca\n+00002e20: 6e20 7573 6520 7468 6973 0a20 2020 2020 n use this. \n+00002e30: 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 746f 206d 6f75 6e74 command to mount\n+00002e40: 2069 7473 2073 6563 6f6e 6420 7061 7274 its second part\n+00002e50: 6974 696f 6e3a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ition:.. \n+00002e60: 2020 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 202d 7220 grub-mount -r \n+00002e70: 3220 6469 736b 2e69 6d67 206d 6f75 6e74 2 disk.img mount\n+00002e80: 2d70 6f69 6e74 0a0a e280 982d 76e2 8099 -point.....-v...\n+00002e90: 0ae2 8098 2d2d 7665 7262 6f73 65e2 8099 ....--verbose...\n+00002ea0: 0a20 2020 2020 5072 696e 7420 7665 7262 . Print verb\n+00002eb0: 6f73 6520 6d65 7373 6167 6573 2e0a 0a1f ose messages....\n+00002ec0: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+00002ed0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e , Node: Invokin\n+00002ee0: 6720 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 2c20 204e g grub-probe, N\n+00002ef0: 6578 743a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 ext: Invoking gr\n+00002f00: 7562 2d73 6372 6970 742d 6368 6563 6b2c ub-script-check,\n+00002f10: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 Prev: Invoking\n+00002f20: 2067 7275 622d 6d6f 756e 742c 2020 5570 grub-mount, Up\n+00002f30: 3a20 5573 6572 2d73 7061 6365 2075 7469 : User-space uti\n+00002f40: 6c69 7469 6573 0a0a 3234 2e37 2049 6e76 lities..24.7 Inv\n+00002f50: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 oking grub-probe\n+00002f60: 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d .===============\n+00002f70: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 2070 =========..The p\n+00002f80: 726f 6772 616d 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d70 rogram ...grub-p\n+00002f90: 726f 6265 e280 9920 7072 6f62 6573 2064 robe... probes d\n+00002fa0: 6576 6963 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f evice informatio\n+00002fb0: 6e20 666f 7220 6120 6769 7665 6e20 7061 n for a given pa\n+00002fc0: 7468 206f 720a 6465 7669 6365 2e0a 0a20 th or.device... \n+00002fd0: 2020 2020 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 202d grub-probe -\n+00002fe0: 2d74 6172 6765 743d 6673 202f 626f 6f74 -target=fs /boot\n+00002ff0: 2f67 7275 620a 2020 2020 2067 7275 622d /grub. grub-\n+00003000: 7072 6f62 6520 2d2d 7461 7267 6574 3d64 probe --target=d\n+00003010: 7269 7665 202d 2d64 6576 6963 6520 2f64 rive --device /d\n+00003020: 6576 2f73 6461 310a 0a20 2020 e280 9867 ev/sda1.. ...g\n+00003030: 7275 622d 7072 6f62 65e2 8099 206d 7573 rub-probe... mus\n+00003040: 7420 6265 2067 6976 656e 2061 2070 6174 t be given a pat\n+00003050: 6820 6f72 2064 6576 6963 6520 6173 2061 h or device as a\n+00003060: 206e 6f6e 2d6f 7074 696f 6e20 6172 6775 non-option argu\n+00003070: 6d65 6e74 2c0a 616e 6420 616c 736f 2061 ment,.and also a\n+00003080: 6363 6570 7473 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f ccepts the follo\n+00003090: 7769 6e67 206f 7074 696f 6e73 3a0a 0ae2 wing options:...\n+000030a0: 8098 2d2d 6865 6c70 e280 990a 2020 2020 ..--help.... \n+000030b0: 2050 7269 6e74 2061 2073 756d 6d61 7279 Print a summary\n+000030c0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d of the command-\n+000030d0: 6c69 6e65 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 6e64 line options and\n+000030e0: 2065 7869 742e 0a0a e280 982d 2d76 6572 exit......--ver\n+000030f0: 7369 6f6e e280 990a 2020 2020 2050 7269 sion.... Pri\n+00003100: 6e74 2074 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e nt the version n\n+00003110: 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2047 5255 4220 616e umber of GRUB an\n+00003120: 6420 6578 6974 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d64 e280 d exit......-d..\n+00003130: 990a e280 982d 2d64 6576 6963 65e2 8099 .....--device...\n+00003140: 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2074 6869 7320 6f70 . If this op\n+00003150: 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 6769 7665 6e2c 2074 tion is given, t\n+00003160: 6865 6e20 7468 6520 6e6f 6e2d 6f70 7469 hen the non-opti\n+00003170: 6f6e 2061 7267 756d 656e 7420 6973 2061 on argument is a\n+00003180: 2073 7973 7465 6d0a 2020 2020 2064 6576 system. dev\n+00003190: 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 2028 7375 6368 2061 ice name (such a\n+000031a0: 7320 e280 982f 6465 762f 7364 6131 e280 s .../dev/sda1..\n+000031b0: 9929 2c20 616e 6420 e280 9867 7275 622d .), and ...grub-\n+000031c0: 7072 6f62 65e2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 7072 probe... will pr\n+000031d0: 696e 740a 2020 2020 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 int. informa\n+000031e0: 7469 6f6e 2061 626f 7574 2074 6861 7420 tion about that \n+000031f0: 6465 7669 6365 2e20 2049 6620 6974 2069 device. If it i\n+00003200: 7320 6e6f 7420 6769 7665 6e2c 2074 6865 s not given, the\n+00003210: 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 206e 6f6e 2d6f n the. non-o\n+00003220: 7074 696f 6e20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 2069 ption argument i\n+00003230: 7320 6120 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2070 s a filesystem p\n+00003240: 6174 6820 2873 7563 6820 6173 20e2 8098 ath (such as ...\n+00003250: 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 e280 9929 2c0a /boot/grub...),.\n+00003260: 2020 2020 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 6772 7562 and ...grub\n+00003270: 2d70 726f 6265 e280 9920 7769 6c6c 2070 -probe... will p\n+00003280: 7269 6e74 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e rint information\n+00003290: 2061 626f 7574 2074 6865 2064 6576 6963 about the devic\n+000032a0: 6520 636f 6e74 6169 6e69 6e67 0a20 2020 e containing. \n+000032b0: 2020 7468 6174 2070 6172 7420 6f66 2074 that part of t\n+000032c0: 6865 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d2e 0a0a he filesystem...\n+000032d0: e280 982d 6d20 4649 4c45 e280 990a e280 ...-m FILE......\n+000032e0: 982d 2d64 6576 6963 652d 6d61 703d 4649 .--device-map=FI\n+000032f0: 4c45 e280 990a 2020 2020 2055 7365 2046 LE.... Use F\n+00003300: 494c 4520 6173 2074 6865 2064 6576 6963 ILE as the devic\n+00003310: 6520 6d61 7020 282a 6e6f 7465 2044 6576 e map (*note Dev\n+00003320: 6963 6520 6d61 703a 3a29 2072 6174 6865 ice map::) rathe\n+00003330: 7220 7468 616e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 r than the. \n+00003340: 6465 6661 756c 742c 2075 7375 616c 6c79 default, usually\n+00003350: 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 2f64 .../boot/grub/d\n+00003360: 6576 6963 652e 6d61 70e2 8099 2e0a 0ae2 evice.map.......\n+00003370: 8098 2d74 2054 4152 4745 54e2 8099 0ae2 ..-t TARGET.....\n+00003380: 8098 2d2d 7461 7267 6574 3d54 4152 4745 ..--target=TARGE\n+00003390: 54e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5072 696e 7420 T.... Print \n+000033a0: 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 6162 6f75 information abou\n+000033b0: 7420 7468 6520 6769 7665 6e20 7061 7468 t the given path\n+000033c0: 206f 7220 6465 7669 6365 2061 7320 6465 or device as de\n+000033d0: 6669 6e65 6420 6279 0a20 2020 2020 5441 fined by. TA\n+000033e0: 5247 4554 2e20 2054 6865 2061 7661 696c RGET. The avail\n+000033f0: 6162 6c65 2074 6172 6765 7473 2061 6e64 able targets and\n+00003400: 2074 6865 6972 206d 6561 6e69 6e67 7320 their meanings \n+00003410: 6172 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6673 are:.. ...fs\n+00003420: e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4752 .... GR\n+00003430: 5542 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 6d6f UB filesystem mo\n+00003440: 6475 6c65 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6673 dule.. ...fs\n+00003450: 5f75 7569 64e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 _uuid.... \n+00003460: 2020 2046 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 556e Filesystem Un\n+00003470: 6976 6572 7361 6c6c 7920 556e 6971 7565 iversally Unique\n+00003480: 2049 6465 6e74 6966 6965 7220 2855 5549 Identifier (UUI\n+00003490: 4429 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6673 5f6c D).. ...fs_l\n+000034a0: 6162 656c e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 abel.... \n+000034b0: 2020 4669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 206c 6162 Filesystem lab\n+000034c0: 656c 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6472 6976 el.. ...driv\n+000034d0: 65e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2047 e.... G\n+000034e0: 5255 4220 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 652e RUB device name.\n+000034f0: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9864 6576 6963 65e2 . ...device.\n+00003500: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 7973 ... Sys\n+00003510: 7465 6d20 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 652e tem device name.\n+00003520: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9870 6172 746d 6170 . ...partmap\n+00003530: e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4752 .... GR\n+00003540: 5542 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 206d 6170 UB partition map\n+00003550: 206d 6f64 756c 652e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 module.. ..\n+00003560: 9861 6273 7472 6163 7469 6f6e e280 990a .abstraction....\n+00003570: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4752 5542 2061 GRUB a\n+00003580: 6273 7472 6163 7469 6f6e 206d 6f64 756c bstraction modul\n+00003590: 6520 2865 2e67 2e20 20e2 8098 6c76 6de2 e (e.g. ...lvm.\n+000035a0: 8099 292e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9863 7279 ..).. ...cry\n+000035b0: 7074 6f64 6973 6b5f 7575 6964 e280 990a ptodisk_uuid....\n+000035c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4372 7970 746f Crypto\n+000035d0: 2064 6576 6963 6520 5555 4944 2e0a 2020 device UUID.. \n+000035e0: 2020 20e2 8098 6d73 646f 735f 7061 7274 ...msdos_part\n+000035f0: 7479 7065 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 type.... \n+00003600: 2020 4d42 5220 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 MBR partition \n+00003610: 7479 7065 2063 6f64 6520 2874 776f 2068 type code (two h\n+00003620: 6578 6164 6563 696d 616c 2064 6967 6974 exadecimal digit\n+00003630: 7329 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6869 6e74 s).. ...hint\n+00003640: 735f 7374 7269 6e67 e280 990a 2020 2020 s_string.... \n+00003650: 2020 2020 2020 4120 7374 7269 6e67 206f A string o\n+00003660: 6620 706c 6174 666f 726d 2073 6561 7263 f platform searc\n+00003670: 6820 6869 6e74 7320 7375 6974 6162 6c65 h hints suitable\n+00003680: 2066 6f72 2070 6173 7369 6e67 2074 6f20 for passing to \n+00003690: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e280 the. ..\n+000036a0: 9873 6561 7263 68e2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 .search... comma\n+000036b0: 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 7365 6172 6368 nd (*note search\n+000036c0: 3a3a 292e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9862 696f ::).. ...bio\n+000036d0: 735f 6869 6e74 73e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 s_hints.... \n+000036e0: 2020 2020 2053 6561 7263 6820 6869 6e74 Search hint\n+000036f0: 7320 666f 7220 7468 6520 5043 2042 494f s for the PC BIO\n+00003700: 5320 706c 6174 666f 726d 2e0a 2020 2020 S platform.. \n+00003710: 20e2 8098 6965 6565 3132 3735 5f68 696e ...ieee1275_hin\n+00003720: 7473 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ts.... \n+00003730: 5365 6172 6368 2068 696e 7473 2066 6f72 Search hints for\n+00003740: 2074 6865 2049 4545 4531 3237 3520 706c the IEEE1275 pl\n+00003750: 6174 666f 726d 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 atform.. ...\n+00003760: 6261 7265 6d65 7461 6c5f 6869 6e74 73e2 baremetal_hints.\n+00003770: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 6561 ... Sea\n+00003780: 7263 6820 6869 6e74 7320 666f 7220 706c rch hints for pl\n+00003790: 6174 666f 726d 7320 7768 6572 6520 6469 atforms where di\n+000037a0: 736b 7320 6172 6520 6164 6472 6573 7365 sks are addresse\n+000037b0: 6420 6469 7265 6374 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 d directly. \n+000037c0: 2020 2020 2072 6174 6865 7220 7468 616e rather than\n+000037d0: 2076 6961 2066 6972 6d77 6172 652e 0a20 via firmware.. \n+000037e0: 2020 2020 e280 9865 6669 5f68 696e 7473 ...efi_hints\n+000037f0: e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5365 .... Se\n+00003800: 6172 6368 2068 696e 7473 2066 6f72 2074 arch hints for t\n+00003810: 6865 2045 4649 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2e he EFI platform.\n+00003820: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9861 7263 5f68 696e . ...arc_hin\n+00003830: 7473 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ts.... \n+00003840: 5365 6172 6368 2068 696e 7473 2066 6f72 Search hints for\n+00003850: 2074 6865 2041 5243 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 the ARC platfor\n+00003860: 6d2e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9863 6f6d 7061 m.. ...compa\n+00003870: 7469 6269 6c69 7479 5f68 696e 74e2 8099 tibility_hint...\n+00003880: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2041 2067 7565 . A gue\n+00003890: 7373 2061 7420 6120 7265 6173 6f6e 6162 ss at a reasonab\n+000038a0: 6c65 2047 5255 4220 6472 6976 6520 6e61 le GRUB drive na\n+000038b0: 6d65 2066 6f72 2074 6869 7320 6465 7669 me for this devi\n+000038c0: 6365 2c20 7768 6963 680a 2020 2020 2020 ce, which. \n+000038d0: 2020 2020 6d61 7920 6265 2075 7365 6420 may be used \n+000038e0: 6173 2061 2066 616c 6c62 6163 6b20 6966 as a fallback if\n+000038f0: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 7365 6172 6368 e280 the ...search..\n+00003900: 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6661 696c 732e . command fails.\n+00003910: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9864 6973 6be2 8099 . ...disk...\n+00003920: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 7973 7465 . Syste\n+00003930: 6d20 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 6520 666f m device name fo\n+00003940: 7220 7468 6520 7768 6f6c 6520 6469 736b r the whole disk\n+00003950: 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d76 e280 990a e280 982d ......-v.......-\n+00003960: 2d76 6572 626f 7365 e280 990a 2020 2020 -verbose.... \n+00003970: 2050 7269 6e74 2076 6572 626f 7365 206d Print verbose m\n+00003980: 6573 7361 6765 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 essages.....File\n+00003990: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+000039a0: 6465 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 de: Invoking gru\n+000039b0: 622d 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 2c20 b-script-check, \n+000039c0: 2050 7265 763a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 Prev: Invoking \n+000039d0: 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 2c20 2055 703a grub-probe, Up:\n+000039e0: 2055 7365 722d 7370 6163 6520 7574 696c User-space util\n+000039f0: 6974 6965 730a 0a32 342e 3820 496e 766f ities..24.8 Invo\n+00003a00: 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 7363 7269 7074 king grub-script\n+00003a10: 2d63 6865 636b 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d -check.=========\n 00003a20: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00003a30: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 ==========..The \n-00003a40: 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 e280 9867 7275 622d program ...grub-\n-00003a50: 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b e280 9920 script-check... \n-00003a60: 7461 6b65 7320 6120 4752 5542 2073 6372 takes a GRUB scr\n-00003a70: 6970 7420 6669 6c65 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a ipt file (*note.\n-00003a80: 5368 656c 6c2d 6c69 6b65 2073 6372 6970 Shell-like scrip\n-00003a90: 7469 6e67 3a3a 2920 616e 6420 6368 6563 ting::) and chec\n-00003aa0: 6b73 2069 7420 666f 7220 7379 6e74 6178 ks it for syntax\n-00003ab0: 2065 7272 6f72 732c 2073 696d 696c 6172 errors, similar\n-00003ac0: 2074 6f0a 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2073 7563 to.commands suc\n-00003ad0: 6820 6173 20e2 8098 7368 202d 6ee2 8099 h as ...sh -n...\n-00003ae0: 2e20 2049 7420 6d61 7920 7461 6b65 2061 . It may take a\n-00003af0: 2050 4154 4820 6173 2061 206e 6f6e 2d6f PATH as a non-o\n-00003b00: 7074 696f 6e20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 3b0a ption argument;.\n-00003b10: 6966 206e 6f6e 6520 6973 2073 7570 706c if none is suppl\n-00003b20: 6965 642c 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 2072 6561 ied, it will rea\n-00003b30: 6420 6672 6f6d 2073 7461 6e64 6172 6420 d from standard \n-00003b40: 696e 7075 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 2067 7275 input... gru\n-00003b50: 622d 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 202f b-script-check /\n-00003b60: 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 622f 6772 7562 2e63 boot/grub/grub.c\n-00003b70: 6667 0a0a 2020 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d73 fg.. ...grub-s\n-00003b80: 6372 6970 742d 6368 6563 6be2 8099 2061 cript-check... a\n-00003b90: 6363 6570 7473 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f ccepts the follo\n-00003ba0: 7769 6e67 206f 7074 696f 6e73 3a0a 0ae2 wing options:...\n-00003bb0: 8098 2d2d 6865 6c70 e280 990a 2020 2020 ..--help.... \n-00003bc0: 2050 7269 6e74 2061 2073 756d 6d61 7279 Print a summary\n-00003bd0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d of the command-\n-00003be0: 6c69 6e65 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 6e64 line options and\n-00003bf0: 2065 7869 742e 0a0a e280 982d 2d76 6572 exit......--ver\n-00003c00: 7369 6f6e e280 990a 2020 2020 2050 7269 sion.... Pri\n-00003c10: 6e74 2074 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e nt the version n\n-00003c20: 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2047 5255 4220 616e umber of GRUB an\n-00003c30: 6420 6578 6974 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d76 e280 d exit......-v..\n-00003c40: 990a e280 982d 2d76 6572 626f 7365 e280 .....--verbose..\n-00003c50: 990a 2020 2020 2050 7269 6e74 2065 6163 .. Print eac\n-00003c60: 6820 6c69 6e65 206f 6620 696e 7075 7420 h line of input \n-00003c70: 6166 7465 7220 7265 6164 696e 6720 6974 after reading it\n-00003c80: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-00003c90: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204f 6274 info, Node: Obt\n-00003ca0: 6169 6e69 6e67 2061 6e64 2042 7569 6c64 aining and Build\n-00003cb0: 696e 6720 4752 5542 2c20 204e 6578 743a ing GRUB, Next:\n-00003cc0: 2052 6570 6f72 7469 6e67 2062 7567 732c Reporting bugs,\n-00003cd0: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5573 6572 2d73 7061 Prev: User-spa\n-00003ce0: 6365 2075 7469 6c69 7469 6573 2c20 2055 ce utilities, U\n-00003cf0: 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 4170 7065 6e64 6978 p: Top..Appendix\n-00003d00: 2041 2048 6f77 2074 6f20 6f62 7461 696e A How to obtain\n-00003d10: 2061 6e64 2062 7569 6c64 2047 5255 420a and build GRUB.\n+00003a30: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 7072 6f67 ======..The prog\n+00003a40: 7261 6d20 e280 9867 7275 622d 7363 7269 ram ...grub-scri\n+00003a50: 7074 2d63 6865 636b e280 9920 7461 6b65 pt-check... take\n+00003a60: 7320 6120 4752 5542 2073 6372 6970 7420 s a GRUB script \n+00003a70: 6669 6c65 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 5368 656c file (*note.Shel\n+00003a80: 6c2d 6c69 6b65 2073 6372 6970 7469 6e67 l-like scripting\n+00003a90: 3a3a 2920 616e 6420 6368 6563 6b73 2069 ::) and checks i\n+00003aa0: 7420 666f 7220 7379 6e74 6178 2065 7272 t for syntax err\n+00003ab0: 6f72 732c 2073 696d 696c 6172 2074 6f0a ors, similar to.\n+00003ac0: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2073 7563 6820 6173 commands such as\n+00003ad0: 20e2 8098 7368 202d 6ee2 8099 2e20 2049 ...sh -n.... I\n+00003ae0: 7420 6d61 7920 7461 6b65 2061 2050 4154 t may take a PAT\n+00003af0: 4820 6173 2061 206e 6f6e 2d6f 7074 696f H as a non-optio\n+00003b00: 6e20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 3b0a 6966 206e n argument;.if n\n+00003b10: 6f6e 6520 6973 2073 7570 706c 6965 642c one is supplied,\n+00003b20: 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 2072 6561 6420 6672 it will read fr\n+00003b30: 6f6d 2073 7461 6e64 6172 6420 696e 7075 om standard inpu\n+00003b40: 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 2067 7275 622d 7363 t... grub-sc\n+00003b50: 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 202f 626f 6f74 ript-check /boot\n+00003b60: 2f67 7275 622f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 0a0a /grub/grub.cfg..\n+00003b70: 2020 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d73 6372 6970 ...grub-scrip\n+00003b80: 742d 6368 6563 6be2 8099 2061 6363 6570 t-check... accep\n+00003b90: 7473 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 ts the following\n+00003ba0: 206f 7074 696f 6e73 3a0a 0ae2 8098 2d2d options:.....--\n+00003bb0: 6865 6c70 e280 990a 2020 2020 2050 7269 help.... Pri\n+00003bc0: 6e74 2061 2073 756d 6d61 7279 206f 6620 nt a summary of \n+00003bd0: 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 the command-line\n+00003be0: 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 6e64 2065 7869 options and exi\n+00003bf0: 742e 0a0a e280 982d 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e t......--version\n+00003c00: e280 990a 2020 2020 2050 7269 6e74 2074 .... Print t\n+00003c10: 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 he version numbe\n+00003c20: 7220 6f66 2047 5255 4220 616e 6420 6578 r of GRUB and ex\n+00003c30: 6974 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d76 e280 990a e280 it......-v......\n+00003c40: 982d 2d76 6572 626f 7365 e280 990a 2020 .--verbose.... \n+00003c50: 2020 2050 7269 6e74 2065 6163 6820 6c69 Print each li\n+00003c60: 6e65 206f 6620 696e 7075 7420 6166 7465 ne of input afte\n+00003c70: 7220 7265 6164 696e 6720 6974 2e0a 0a1f r reading it....\n+00003c80: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+00003c90: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204f 6274 6169 6e69 , Node: Obtaini\n+00003ca0: 6e67 2061 6e64 2042 7569 6c64 696e 6720 ng and Building \n+00003cb0: 4752 5542 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2052 6570 GRUB, Next: Rep\n+00003cc0: 6f72 7469 6e67 2062 7567 732c 2020 5072 orting bugs, Pr\n+00003cd0: 6576 3a20 5573 6572 2d73 7061 6365 2075 ev: User-space u\n+00003ce0: 7469 6c69 7469 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2054 tilities, Up: T\n+00003cf0: 6f70 0a0a 4170 7065 6e64 6978 2041 2048 op..Appendix A H\n+00003d00: 6f77 2074 6f20 6f62 7461 696e 2061 6e64 ow to obtain and\n+00003d10: 2062 7569 6c64 2047 5255 420a 2a2a 2a2a build GRUB.****\n 00003d20: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n 00003d30: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-00003d40: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2a43 *******.. *C\n-00003d50: 6175 7469 6f6e 3a2a 2047 5255 4220 7265 aution:* GRUB re\n-00003d60: 7175 6972 6573 2062 696e 7574 696c 732d quires binutils-\n-00003d70: 322e 392e 312e 302e 3233 206f 7220 6c61 2.9.1.0.23 or la\n-00003d80: 7465 7220 6265 6361 7573 6520 7468 650a ter because the.\n-00003d90: 2020 2020 2047 4e55 2061 7373 656d 626c GNU assembl\n-00003da0: 6572 2068 6173 2062 6565 6e20 6368 616e er has been chan\n-00003db0: 6765 6420 736f 2074 6861 7420 6974 2063 ged so that it c\n-00003dc0: 616e 2070 726f 6475 6365 2072 6561 6c20 an produce real \n-00003dd0: 3136 6269 7473 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 6368 16bits. mach\n-00003de0: 696e 6520 636f 6465 2062 6574 7765 656e ine code between\n-00003df0: 2032 2e39 2e31 2061 6e64 2032 2e39 2e31 2.9.1 and 2.9.1\n-00003e00: 2e30 2e78 2e20 2053 6565 0a20 2020 2020 .0.x. See. \n-00003e10: 3c68 7474 703a 2f2f 736f 7572 6365 732e , to obtain\n-00003e40: 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 206f 6e20 information on \n-00003e50: 686f 770a 2020 2020 2074 6f20 6765 7420 how. to get \n-00003e60: 7468 6520 6c61 7465 7374 2076 6572 7369 the latest versi\n-00003e70: 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 4752 5542 2069 7320 on... GRUB is \n-00003e80: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6672 6f6d 2074 available from t\n-00003e90: 6865 2047 4e55 2061 6c70 6861 2061 7263 he GNU alpha arc\n-00003ea0: 6869 7665 2073 6974 650a 3c66 7470 3a2f hive site. or any of\n-00003ed0: 2069 7473 206d 6972 726f 7273 2e20 2054 its mirrors. T\n-00003ee0: 6865 2066 696c 6520 7769 6c6c 2062 650a he file will be.\n-00003ef0: 6e61 6d65 6420 6772 7562 2d76 6572 7369 named grub-versi\n-00003f00: 6f6e 2e74 6172 2e67 7a2e 2020 5468 6520 on.tar.gz. The \n-00003f10: 6375 7272 656e 7420 7665 7273 696f 6e20 current version \n-00003f20: 6973 2032 2e31 322c 2073 6f20 7468 6520 is 2.12, so the \n-00003f30: 6669 6c65 2079 6f75 0a73 686f 756c 6420 file you.should \n-00003f40: 6772 6162 2069 733a 0a0a 2020 203c 6674 grab is:.. .. T\n-00003f80: 6f20 756e 6275 6e64 6c65 2047 5255 4220 o unbundle GRUB \n-00003f90: 7573 6520 7468 6520 696e 7374 7275 6374 use the instruct\n-00003fa0: 696f 6e3a 0a0a 2020 2020 207a 6361 7420 ion:.. zcat \n-00003fb0: 6772 7562 2d32 2e31 322e 7461 722e 677a grub-2.12.tar.gz\n-00003fc0: 207c 2074 6172 2078 7666 202d 0a0a 2020 | tar xvf -.. \n-00003fd0: 2077 6869 6368 2077 696c 6c20 6372 6561 which will crea\n-00003fe0: 7465 2061 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2063 te a directory c\n-00003ff0: 616c 6c65 6420 e280 9867 7275 622d 322e alled ...grub-2.\n-00004000: 3132 e280 9920 7769 7468 2061 6c6c 2074 12... with all t\n-00004010: 6865 0a73 6f75 7263 6573 2e20 2059 6f75 he.sources. You\n-00004020: 2063 616e 206c 6f6f 6b20 6174 2074 6865 can look at the\n-00004030: 2066 696c 6520 e280 9849 4e53 5441 4c4c file ...INSTALL\n-00004040: e280 9920 666f 7220 6465 7461 696c 6564 ... for detailed\n-00004050: 2069 6e73 7472 7563 7469 6f6e 730a 6f6e instructions.on\n-00004060: 2068 6f77 2074 6f20 6275 696c 6420 616e how to build an\n-00004070: 6420 696e 7374 616c 6c20 4752 5542 2c20 d install GRUB, \n-00004080: 6275 7420 796f 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 but you should b\n-00004090: 6520 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 6a75 7374 2064 e able to just d\n-000040a0: 6f3a 0a0a 2020 2020 2063 6420 6772 7562 o:.. cd grub\n-000040b0: 2d32 2e31 320a 2020 2020 202e 2f63 6f6e -2.12. ./con\n-000040c0: 6669 6775 7265 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 6b65 figure. make\n-000040d0: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 0a0a 2020 2041 6c73 install.. Als\n-000040e0: 6f2c 2074 6865 206c 6174 6573 7420 7665 o, the latest ve\n-000040f0: 7273 696f 6e20 6973 2061 7661 696c 6162 rsion is availab\n-00004100: 6c65 2075 7369 6e67 2047 6974 2e20 2053 le using Git. S\n-00004110: 6565 0a3c 6874 7470 3a2f 2f77 7777 2e67 ee. for mor\n-00004150: 650a 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a e.information...\n-00004160: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-00004170: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5265 706f 7274 o, Node: Report\n-00004180: 696e 6720 6275 6773 2c20 204e 6578 743a ing bugs, Next:\n-00004190: 2046 7574 7572 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 Future, Prev: \n-000041a0: 4f62 7461 696e 696e 6720 616e 6420 4275 Obtaining and Bu\n-000041b0: 696c 6469 6e67 2047 5255 422c 2020 5570 ilding GRUB, Up\n-000041c0: 3a20 546f 700a 0a41 7070 656e 6469 7820 : Top..Appendix \n-000041d0: 4220 5265 706f 7274 696e 6720 6275 6773 B Reporting bugs\n-000041e0: 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a .***************\n-000041f0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 5468 6573 **********..Thes\n-00004200: 6520 6172 6520 7468 6520 6775 6964 656c e are the guidel\n-00004210: 696e 6520 666f 7220 686f 7720 746f 2072 ine for how to r\n-00004220: 6570 6f72 7420 6275 6773 2e20 2054 616b eport bugs. Tak\n-00004230: 6520 6120 6c6f 6f6b 2061 7420 7468 6973 e a look at this\n-00004240: 0a6c 6973 7420 6265 6c6f 7720 6265 666f .list below befo\n-00004250: 7265 2079 6f75 2073 7562 6d69 7420 6275 re you submit bu\n-00004260: 6773 3a0a 0a20 2031 2e20 4265 666f 7265 gs:.. 1. Before\n-00004270: 2067 6574 7469 6e67 2075 6e73 6574 746c getting unsettl\n-00004280: 6564 2c20 7265 6164 2074 6869 7320 6d61 ed, read this ma\n-00004290: 6e75 616c 2074 6872 6f75 6768 2061 6e64 nual through and\n-000042a0: 2074 6872 6f75 6768 2e0a 2020 2020 2041 through.. A\n-000042b0: 6c73 6f2c 2073 6565 2074 6865 2047 4e55 lso, see the GNU\n-000042c0: 2047 5255 4220 4641 510a 2020 2020 2028 GRUB FAQ. (\n-000042d0: 6874 7470 3a2f 2f77 7777 2e67 6e75 2e6f http://www.gnu.o\n-000042e0: 7267 2f73 6f66 7477 6172 652f 6772 7562 rg/software/grub\n-000042f0: 2f67 7275 622d 6661 712e 6874 6d6c 292e /grub-faq.html).\n-00004300: 0a0a 2020 322e 2041 6c77 6179 7320 6d65 .. 2. Always me\n-00004310: 6e74 696f 6e20 7468 6520 696e 666f 726d ntion the inform\n-00004320: 6174 696f 6e20 6f6e 2079 6f75 7220 4752 ation on your GR\n-00004330: 5542 2e20 5468 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e20 UB. The version \n-00004340: 6e75 6d62 6572 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 number and. \n-00004350: 7468 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f the configuratio\n-00004360: 6e20 6172 6520 7175 6974 6520 696d 706f n are quite impo\n-00004370: 7274 616e 742e 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2062 rtant. If you b\n-00004380: 7569 6c64 2069 7420 796f 7572 7365 6c66 uild it yourself\n-00004390: 2c0a 2020 2020 2077 7269 7465 2074 6865 ,. write the\n-000043a0: 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2073 7065 6369 6669 options specifi\n-000043b0: 6564 2074 6f20 7468 6520 636f 6e66 6967 ed to the config\n-000043c0: 7572 6520 7363 7269 7074 2061 6e64 2079 ure script and y\n-000043d0: 6f75 720a 2020 2020 206f 7065 7261 7469 our. operati\n-000043e0: 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d2c 2069 6e63 6c75 ng system, inclu\n-000043f0: 6469 6e67 2074 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e ding the version\n-00004400: 7320 6f66 2067 6363 2061 6e64 2062 696e s of gcc and bin\n-00004410: 7574 696c 732e 0a0a 2020 332e 2049 6620 utils... 3. If \n-00004420: 796f 7520 6861 7665 2074 726f 7562 6c65 you have trouble\n-00004430: 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 696e 7374 616c with the instal\n-00004440: 6c61 7469 6f6e 2c20 696e 666f 726d 2075 lation, inform u\n-00004450: 7320 6f66 2068 6f77 2079 6f75 0a20 2020 s of how you. \n-00004460: 2020 696e 7374 616c 6c65 6420 4752 5542 installed GRUB\n-00004470: 2e20 446f 6e27 7420 6f6d 6974 2065 7272 . Don't omit err\n-00004480: 6f72 206d 6573 7361 6765 732c 2069 6620 or messages, if \n-00004490: 616e 792e 2020 4a75 7374 20e2 8098 4752 any. Just ...GR\n-000044a0: 5542 0a20 2020 2020 6861 6e67 7320 7570 UB. hangs up\n-000044b0: 2077 6865 6e20 6974 2062 6f6f 7473 e280 when it boots..\n-000044c0: 9920 6973 206e 6f74 2065 6e6f 7567 682e . is not enough.\n-000044d0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2069 6e66 6f72 .. The infor\n-000044e0: 6d61 7469 6f6e 206f 6e20 796f 7572 2068 mation on your h\n-000044f0: 6172 6477 6172 6520 6973 2061 6c73 6f20 ardware is also \n-00004500: 6573 7365 6e74 6961 6c2e 2020 5468 6573 essential. Thes\n-00004510: 6520 6172 650a 2020 2020 2065 7370 6563 e are. espec\n-00004520: 6961 6c6c 7920 696d 706f 7274 616e 743a ially important:\n-00004530: 2074 6865 2067 656f 6d65 7472 6965 7320 the geometries \n-00004540: 616e 6420 7468 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f and the partitio\n-00004550: 6e20 7461 626c 6573 206f 660a 2020 2020 n tables of. \n-00004560: 2079 6f75 7220 6861 7264 2064 6973 6b20 your hard disk \n-00004570: 6472 6976 6573 2061 6e64 2079 6f75 7220 drives and your \n-00004580: 4249 4f53 2e0a 0a20 2034 2e20 4966 2047 BIOS... 4. If G\n-00004590: 5255 4220 6361 6e6e 6f74 2062 6f6f 7420 RUB cannot boot \n-000045a0: 796f 7572 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 your operating s\n-000045b0: 7973 7465 6d2c 2077 7269 7465 2064 6f77 ystem, write dow\n-000045c0: 6e20 5f65 7665 7279 7468 696e 675f 0a20 n _everything_. \n-000045d0: 2020 2020 796f 7520 7365 6520 6f6e 2074 you see on t\n-000045e0: 6865 2073 6372 6565 6e2e 2020 446f 6e27 he screen. Don'\n-000045f0: 7420 7061 7261 7068 7261 7365 2074 6865 t paraphrase the\n-00004600: 6d2c 206c 696b 6520 e280 9854 6865 2066 m, like ...The f\n-00004610: 6f6f 204f 530a 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 oo OS. crash\n-00004620: 6573 2077 6974 6820 4752 5542 2c20 6576 es with GRUB, ev\n-00004630: 656e 2074 686f 7567 6820 6974 2063 616e en though it can\n-00004640: 2062 6f6f 7420 7769 7468 2074 6865 2062 boot with the b\n-00004650: 6172 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 0a20 ar boot loader. \n-00004660: 2020 2020 6a75 7374 2066 696e 65e2 8099 just fine...\n-00004670: 2e20 204d 656e 7469 6f6e 2074 6865 2063 . Mention the c\n-00004680: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 796f 7520 6578 6563 ommands you exec\n-00004690: 7574 6564 2c20 7468 6520 6d65 7373 6167 uted, the messag\n-000046a0: 6573 0a20 2020 2020 7072 696e 7465 6420 es. printed \n-000046b0: 6279 2074 6865 6d2c 2061 6e64 2069 6e66 by them, and inf\n-000046c0: 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 206f 6e20 796f 7572 ormation on your\n-000046d0: 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 operating syste\n-000046e0: 6d20 696e 636c 7564 696e 670a 2020 2020 m including. \n-000046f0: 2074 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e 756d the version num\n-00004700: 6265 722e 0a0a 2020 352e 2045 7870 6c61 ber... 5. Expla\n-00004710: 696e 2077 6861 7420 796f 7520 7761 6e74 in what you want\n-00004720: 6564 2074 6f20 646f 2e20 2049 7420 6973 ed to do. It is\n-00004730: 2076 6572 7920 7573 6566 756c 2074 6f20 very useful to \n-00004740: 6b6e 6f77 2079 6f75 720a 2020 2020 2070 know your. p\n-00004750: 7572 706f 7365 2061 6e64 2079 6f75 7220 urpose and your \n-00004760: 7769 7368 2c20 616e 6420 686f 7720 4752 wish, and how GR\n-00004770: 5542 2064 6964 6e27 7420 7361 7469 7366 UB didn't satisf\n-00004780: 7920 796f 752e 0a0a 2020 362e 2049 6620 y you... 6. If \n-00004790: 796f 7520 6361 6e20 696e 7665 7374 6967 you can investig\n-000047a0: 6174 6520 7468 6520 7072 6f62 6c65 6d20 ate the problem \n-000047b0: 796f 7572 7365 6c66 2c20 706c 6561 7365 yourself, please\n-000047c0: 2064 6f2e 2020 5468 6174 2077 696c 6c0a do. That will.\n-000047d0: 2020 2020 2067 6976 6520 796f 7520 616e give you an\n-000047e0: 6420 7573 206d 7563 6820 6d6f 7265 2069 d us much more i\n-000047f0: 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 206f 6e20 7468 nformation on th\n-00004800: 6520 7072 6f62 6c65 6d2e 2020 4174 7461 e problem. Atta\n-00004810: 6368 696e 6720 610a 2020 2020 2070 6174 ching a. pat\n-00004820: 6368 2069 7320 6576 656e 2062 6574 7465 ch is even bette\n-00004830: 722e 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6865 6e20 796f r... When yo\n-00004840: 7520 6174 7461 6368 2061 2070 6174 6368 u attach a patch\n-00004850: 2c20 6d61 6b65 2074 6865 2070 6174 6368 , make the patch\n-00004860: 2069 6e20 756e 6966 6965 6420 6469 6666 in unified diff\n-00004870: 2066 6f72 6d61 742c 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 format, and. \n-00004880: 2020 7772 6974 6520 4368 616e 6765 4c6f write ChangeLo\n-00004890: 6720 656e 7472 6965 732e 2020 4275 742c g entries. But,\n-000048a0: 2065 7665 6e20 7768 656e 2079 6f75 206d even when you m\n-000048b0: 616b 6520 6120 7061 7463 682c 2064 6f6e ake a patch, don\n-000048c0: 2774 0a20 2020 2020 666f 7267 6574 2074 't. forget t\n-000048d0: 6f20 6578 706c 6169 6e20 7468 6520 7072 o explain the pr\n-000048e0: 6f62 6c65 6d2c 2073 6f20 7468 6174 2077 oblem, so that w\n-000048f0: 6520 6361 6e20 756e 6465 7273 7461 6e64 e can understand\n-00004900: 2077 6861 7420 796f 7572 0a20 2020 2020 what your. \n-00004910: 7061 7463 6820 6973 2066 6f72 2e0a 0a20 patch is for... \n-00004920: 2037 2e20 5772 6974 6520 646f 776e 2061 7. Write down a\n-00004930: 6e79 7468 696e 6720 7468 6174 2079 6f75 nything that you\n-00004940: 2074 6869 6e6b 206d 6967 6874 2062 6520 think might be \n-00004950: 7265 6c61 7465 642e 2020 506c 6561 7365 related. Please\n-00004960: 0a20 2020 2020 756e 6465 7273 7461 6e64 . understand\n-00004970: 2074 6861 7420 7765 206f 6674 656e 206e that we often n\n-00004980: 6565 6420 746f 2072 6570 726f 6475 6365 eed to reproduce\n-00004990: 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 7072 6f62 6c65 the same proble\n-000049a0: 6d20 796f 750a 2020 2020 2065 6e63 6f75 m you. encou\n-000049b0: 6e74 6572 6564 2069 6e20 6f75 7220 656e ntered in our en\n-000049c0: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 742e 2020 536f 2079 vironment. So y\n-000049d0: 6f75 7220 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 our information \n-000049e0: 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 650a 2020 2020 2073 should be. s\n-000049f0: 7566 6669 6369 656e 7420 666f 7220 7573 ufficient for us\n-00004a00: 2074 6f20 646f 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 to do the same \n-00004a10: 7468 696e 672d 2d44 6f6e 2774 2066 6f72 thing--Don't for\n-00004a20: 6765 7420 7468 6174 2077 6520 6361 6e6e get that we cann\n-00004a30: 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 7365 6520 796f 7572 ot. see your\n-00004a40: 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 7220 6469 7265 6374 computer direct\n-00004a50: 6c79 2e20 2049 6620 796f 7520 6172 6520 ly. If you are \n-00004a60: 6e6f 7420 7375 7265 2077 6865 7468 6572 not sure whether\n-00004a70: 2074 6f20 7374 6174 6520 610a 2020 2020 to state a. \n-00004a80: 2066 6163 7420 6f72 206c 6561 7665 2069 fact or leave i\n-00004a90: 7420 6f75 742c 2073 7461 7465 2069 7421 t out, state it!\n-00004aa0: 2020 5265 706f 7274 696e 6720 746f 6f20 Reporting too \n-00004ab0: 6d61 6e79 2074 6869 6e67 7320 6973 206d many things is m\n-00004ac0: 7563 680a 2020 2020 2062 6574 7465 7220 uch. better \n-00004ad0: 7468 616e 206f 6d69 7474 696e 6720 736f than omitting so\n-00004ae0: 6d65 7468 696e 6720 696d 706f 7274 616e mething importan\n-00004af0: 742e 0a0a 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 666f t... If you fo\n-00004b00: 6c6c 6f77 2074 6865 2067 7569 6465 6c69 llow the guideli\n-00004b10: 6e65 2061 626f 7665 2c20 7375 626d 6974 ne above, submit\n-00004b20: 2061 2072 6570 6f72 7420 746f 2074 6865 a report to the\n-00004b30: 2042 7567 0a54 7261 636b 696e 6720 5379 Bug.Tracking Sy\n-00004b40: 7374 656d 2028 6874 7470 3a2f 2f73 6176 stem (http://sav\n-00004b50: 616e 6e61 682e 676e 752e 6f72 672f 6275 annah.gnu.org/bu\n-00004b60: 6773 2f3f 6772 6f75 703d 6772 7562 292e gs/?group=grub).\n-00004b70: 0a41 6c74 6572 6e61 7469 7665 6c79 2c20 .Alternatively, \n-00004b80: 796f 7520 6361 6e20 7375 626d 6974 2061 you can submit a\n-00004b90: 2072 6570 6f72 7420 7669 6120 656c 6563 report via elec\n-00004ba0: 7472 6f6e 6963 206d 6169 6c20 746f 0a3c tronic mail to.<\n-00004bb0: 6275 672d 6772 7562 4067 6e75 2e6f 7267 bug-grub@gnu.org\n-00004bc0: 3e2c 2062 7574 2077 6520 7374 726f 6e67 >, but we strong\n-00004bd0: 6c79 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 2074 6861 ly recommend tha\n-00004be0: 7420 796f 7520 7573 6520 7468 6520 4275 t you use the Bu\n-00004bf0: 670a 5472 6163 6b69 6e67 2053 7973 7465 g.Tracking Syste\n-00004c00: 6d2c 2062 6563 6175 7365 2065 2d6d 6169 m, because e-mai\n-00004c10: 6c20 6361 6e20 6265 2070 6173 7365 6420 l can be passed \n-00004c20: 6f76 6572 2065 6173 696c 792e 0a0a 2020 over easily... \n-00004c30: 204f 6e63 6520 7765 2067 6574 2079 6f75 Once we get you\n-00004c40: 7220 7265 706f 7274 2c20 7765 2077 696c r report, we wil\n-00004c50: 6c20 7472 7920 746f 2066 6978 2074 6865 l try to fix the\n-00004c60: 2062 7567 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 bugs.....File: \n-00004c70: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-00004c80: 3a20 4675 7475 7265 2c20 204e 6578 743a : Future, Next:\n-00004c90: 2043 6f70 7969 6e67 2054 6869 7320 4d61 Copying This Ma\n-00004ca0: 6e75 616c 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2052 6570 nual, Prev: Rep\n-00004cb0: 6f72 7469 6e67 2062 7567 732c 2020 5570 orting bugs, Up\n-00004cc0: 3a20 546f 700a 0a41 7070 656e 6469 7820 : Top..Appendix \n-00004cd0: 4320 5768 6572 6520 4752 5542 2077 696c C Where GRUB wil\n-00004ce0: 6c20 676f 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a l go.***********\n-00004cf0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-00004d00: 2a2a 0a0a 4752 5542 2032 2069 7320 6e6f **..GRUB 2 is no\n-00004d10: 7720 7175 6974 6520 7374 6162 6c65 2061 w quite stable a\n-00004d20: 6e64 2075 7365 6420 696e 206d 616e 7920 nd used in many \n-00004d30: 7072 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e 2073 7973 7465 production syste\n-00004d40: 6d73 2e20 2057 6520 6172 650a 6375 7272 ms. We are.curr\n-00004d50: 656e 746c 7920 776f 726b 696e 6720 746f ently working to\n-00004d60: 7761 7264 7320 6120 322e 3020 7265 6c65 wards a 2.0 rele\n-00004d70: 6173 652e 0a0a 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 ase... If you \n-00004d80: 6172 6520 696e 7465 7265 7374 6564 2069 are interested i\n-00004d90: 6e20 7468 6520 6465 7665 6c6f 706d 656e n the developmen\n-00004da0: 7420 6f66 2047 5255 4220 322c 2074 616b t of GRUB 2, tak\n-00004db0: 6520 6120 6c6f 6f6b 2061 740a 7468 6520 e a look at.the \n-00004dc0: 686f 6d65 7061 6765 2028 6874 7470 3a2f homepage (http:/\n-00004dd0: 2f77 7777 2e67 6e75 2e6f 7267 2f73 6f66 /www.gnu.org/sof\n-00004de0: 7477 6172 652f 6772 7562 2f67 7275 622e tware/grub/grub.\n-00004df0: 6874 6d6c 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 html).....File: \n-00004e00: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-00004e10: 3a20 436f 7079 696e 6720 5468 6973 204d : Copying This M\n-00004e20: 616e 7561 6c2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 496e anual, Next: In\n-00004e30: 6465 782c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4675 7475 dex, Prev: Futu\n-00004e40: 7265 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 4170 re, Up: Top..Ap\n-00004e50: 7065 6e64 6978 2044 2043 6f70 7969 6e67 pendix D Copying\n-00004e60: 2054 6869 7320 4d61 6e75 616c 0a2a 2a2a This Manual.***\n+00003d40: 2a2a 2a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2a43 6175 7469 ***.. *Cauti\n+00003d50: 6f6e 3a2a 2047 5255 4220 7265 7175 6972 on:* GRUB requir\n+00003d60: 6573 2062 696e 7574 696c 732d 322e 392e es binutils-2.9.\n+00003d70: 312e 302e 3233 206f 7220 6c61 7465 7220 1.0.23 or later \n+00003d80: 6265 6361 7573 6520 7468 650a 2020 2020 because the. \n+00003d90: 2047 4e55 2061 7373 656d 626c 6572 2068 GNU assembler h\n+00003da0: 6173 2062 6565 6e20 6368 616e 6765 6420 as been changed \n+00003db0: 736f 2074 6861 7420 6974 2063 616e 2070 so that it can p\n+00003dc0: 726f 6475 6365 2072 6561 6c20 3136 6269 roduce real 16bi\n+00003dd0: 7473 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 6368 696e 6520 ts. machine \n+00003de0: 636f 6465 2062 6574 7765 656e 2032 2e39 code between 2.9\n+00003df0: 2e31 2061 6e64 2032 2e39 2e31 2e30 2e78 .1 and 2.9.1.0.x\n+00003e00: 2e20 2053 6565 0a20 2020 2020 3c68 7474 . See. , to obtain inf\n+00003e40: 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 206f 6e20 686f 770a ormation on how.\n+00003e50: 2020 2020 2074 6f20 6765 7420 7468 6520 to get the \n+00003e60: 6c61 7465 7374 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2e0a latest version..\n+00003e70: 0a20 2020 4752 5542 2069 7320 6176 6169 . GRUB is avai\n+00003e80: 6c61 626c 6520 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2047 lable from the G\n+00003e90: 4e55 2061 6c70 6861 2061 7263 6869 7665 NU alpha archive\n+00003ea0: 2073 6974 650a 3c66 7470 3a2f 2f66 7470 site. or any of its\n+00003ed0: 206d 6972 726f 7273 2e20 2054 6865 2066 mirrors. The f\n+00003ee0: 696c 6520 7769 6c6c 2062 650a 6e61 6d65 ile will be.name\n+00003ef0: 6420 6772 7562 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 2e74 d grub-version.t\n+00003f00: 6172 2e67 7a2e 2020 5468 6520 6375 7272 ar.gz. The curr\n+00003f10: 656e 7420 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6973 2032 ent version is 2\n+00003f20: 2e31 322c 2073 6f20 7468 6520 6669 6c65 .12, so the file\n+00003f30: 2079 6f75 0a73 686f 756c 6420 6772 6162 you.should grab\n+00003f40: 2069 733a 0a0a 2020 203c 6674 703a 2f2f is:.. .. To un\n+00003f80: 6275 6e64 6c65 2047 5255 4220 7573 6520 bundle GRUB use \n+00003f90: 7468 6520 696e 7374 7275 6374 696f 6e3a the instruction:\n+00003fa0: 0a0a 2020 2020 207a 6361 7420 6772 7562 .. zcat grub\n+00003fb0: 2d32 2e31 322e 7461 722e 677a 207c 2074 -2.12.tar.gz | t\n+00003fc0: 6172 2078 7666 202d 0a0a 2020 2077 6869 ar xvf -.. whi\n+00003fd0: 6368 2077 696c 6c20 6372 6561 7465 2061 ch will create a\n+00003fe0: 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2063 616c 6c65 directory calle\n+00003ff0: 6420 e280 9867 7275 622d 322e 3132 e280 d ...grub-2.12..\n+00004000: 9920 7769 7468 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 0a73 . with all the.s\n+00004010: 6f75 7263 6573 2e20 2059 6f75 2063 616e ources. You can\n+00004020: 206c 6f6f 6b20 6174 2074 6865 2066 696c look at the fil\n+00004030: 6520 e280 9849 4e53 5441 4c4c e280 9920 e ...INSTALL... \n+00004040: 666f 7220 6465 7461 696c 6564 2069 6e73 for detailed ins\n+00004050: 7472 7563 7469 6f6e 730a 6f6e 2068 6f77 tructions.on how\n+00004060: 2074 6f20 6275 696c 6420 616e 6420 696e to build and in\n+00004070: 7374 616c 6c20 4752 5542 2c20 6275 7420 stall GRUB, but \n+00004080: 796f 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 6162 you should be ab\n+00004090: 6c65 2074 6f20 6a75 7374 2064 6f3a 0a0a le to just do:..\n+000040a0: 2020 2020 2063 6420 6772 7562 2d32 2e31 cd grub-2.1\n+000040b0: 320a 2020 2020 202e 2f63 6f6e 6669 6775 2. ./configu\n+000040c0: 7265 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 6b65 2069 6e73 re. make ins\n+000040d0: 7461 6c6c 0a0a 2020 2041 6c73 6f2c 2074 tall.. Also, t\n+000040e0: 6865 206c 6174 6573 7420 7665 7273 696f he latest versio\n+000040f0: 6e20 6973 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2075 n is available u\n+00004100: 7369 6e67 2047 6974 2e20 2053 6565 0a3c sing Git. See.<\n+00004110: 6874 7470 3a2f 2f77 7777 2e67 6e75 2e6f http://www.gnu.o\n+00004120: 7267 2f73 6f66 7477 6172 652f 6772 7562 rg/software/grub\n+00004130: 2f67 7275 622d 646f 776e 6c6f 6164 2e68 /grub-download.h\n+00004140: 746d 6c3e 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 650a 696e tml> for more.in\n+00004150: 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 formation.....Fi\n+00004160: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n+00004170: 4e6f 6465 3a20 5265 706f 7274 696e 6720 Node: Reporting \n+00004180: 6275 6773 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2046 7574 bugs, Next: Fut\n+00004190: 7572 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4f62 7461 ure, Prev: Obta\n+000041a0: 696e 696e 6720 616e 6420 4275 696c 6469 ining and Buildi\n+000041b0: 6e67 2047 5255 422c 2020 5570 3a20 546f ng GRUB, Up: To\n+000041c0: 700a 0a41 7070 656e 6469 7820 4220 5265 p..Appendix B Re\n+000041d0: 706f 7274 696e 6720 6275 6773 0a2a 2a2a porting bugs.***\n+000041e0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n+000041f0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 5468 6573 6520 6172 ******..These ar\n+00004200: 6520 7468 6520 6775 6964 656c 696e 6520 e the guideline \n+00004210: 666f 7220 686f 7720 746f 2072 6570 6f72 for how to repor\n+00004220: 7420 6275 6773 2e20 2054 616b 6520 6120 t bugs. Take a \n+00004230: 6c6f 6f6b 2061 7420 7468 6973 0a6c 6973 look at this.lis\n+00004240: 7420 6265 6c6f 7720 6265 666f 7265 2079 t below before y\n+00004250: 6f75 2073 7562 6d69 7420 6275 6773 3a0a ou submit bugs:.\n+00004260: 0a20 2031 2e20 4265 666f 7265 2067 6574 . 1. Before get\n+00004270: 7469 6e67 2075 6e73 6574 746c 6564 2c20 ting unsettled, \n+00004280: 7265 6164 2074 6869 7320 6d61 6e75 616c read this manual\n+00004290: 2074 6872 6f75 6768 2061 6e64 2074 6872 through and thr\n+000042a0: 6f75 6768 2e0a 2020 2020 2041 6c73 6f2c ough.. Also,\n+000042b0: 2073 6565 2074 6865 2047 4e55 2047 5255 see the GNU GRU\n+000042c0: 4220 4641 510a 2020 2020 2028 6874 7470 B FAQ. (http\n+000042d0: 3a2f 2f77 7777 2e67 6e75 2e6f 7267 2f73 ://www.gnu.org/s\n+000042e0: 6f66 7477 6172 652f 6772 7562 2f67 7275 oftware/grub/gru\n+000042f0: 622d 6661 712e 6874 6d6c 292e 0a0a 2020 b-faq.html)... \n+00004300: 322e 2041 6c77 6179 7320 6d65 6e74 696f 2. Always mentio\n+00004310: 6e20 7468 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f n the informatio\n+00004320: 6e20 6f6e 2079 6f75 7220 4752 5542 2e20 n on your GRUB. \n+00004330: 5468 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 The version numb\n+00004340: 6572 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 er and. the \n+00004350: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6172 configuration ar\n+00004360: 6520 7175 6974 6520 696d 706f 7274 616e e quite importan\n+00004370: 742e 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2062 7569 6c64 t. If you build\n+00004380: 2069 7420 796f 7572 7365 6c66 2c0a 2020 it yourself,. \n+00004390: 2020 2077 7269 7465 2074 6865 206f 7074 write the opt\n+000043a0: 696f 6e73 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2074 ions specified t\n+000043b0: 6f20 7468 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6520 o the configure \n+000043c0: 7363 7269 7074 2061 6e64 2079 6f75 720a script and your.\n+000043d0: 2020 2020 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 operating s\n+000043e0: 7973 7465 6d2c 2069 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 ystem, including\n+000043f0: 2074 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 the versions of\n+00004400: 2067 6363 2061 6e64 2062 696e 7574 696c gcc and binutil\n+00004410: 732e 0a0a 2020 332e 2049 6620 796f 7520 s... 3. If you \n+00004420: 6861 7665 2074 726f 7562 6c65 2077 6974 have trouble wit\n+00004430: 6820 7468 6520 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 h the installati\n+00004440: 6f6e 2c20 696e 666f 726d 2075 7320 6f66 on, inform us of\n+00004450: 2068 6f77 2079 6f75 0a20 2020 2020 696e how you. in\n+00004460: 7374 616c 6c65 6420 4752 5542 2e20 446f stalled GRUB. Do\n+00004470: 6e27 7420 6f6d 6974 2065 7272 6f72 206d n't omit error m\n+00004480: 6573 7361 6765 732c 2069 6620 616e 792e essages, if any.\n+00004490: 2020 4a75 7374 20e2 8098 4752 5542 0a20 Just ...GRUB. \n+000044a0: 2020 2020 6861 6e67 7320 7570 2077 6865 hangs up whe\n+000044b0: 6e20 6974 2062 6f6f 7473 e280 9920 6973 n it boots... is\n+000044c0: 206e 6f74 2065 6e6f 7567 682e 0a0a 2020 not enough... \n+000044d0: 2020 2054 6865 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 The informati\n+000044e0: 6f6e 206f 6e20 796f 7572 2068 6172 6477 on on your hardw\n+000044f0: 6172 6520 6973 2061 6c73 6f20 6573 7365 are is also esse\n+00004500: 6e74 6961 6c2e 2020 5468 6573 6520 6172 ntial. These ar\n+00004510: 650a 2020 2020 2065 7370 6563 6961 6c6c e. especiall\n+00004520: 7920 696d 706f 7274 616e 743a 2074 6865 y important: the\n+00004530: 2067 656f 6d65 7472 6965 7320 616e 6420 geometries and \n+00004540: 7468 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7461 the partition ta\n+00004550: 626c 6573 206f 660a 2020 2020 2079 6f75 bles of. you\n+00004560: 7220 6861 7264 2064 6973 6b20 6472 6976 r hard disk driv\n+00004570: 6573 2061 6e64 2079 6f75 7220 4249 4f53 es and your BIOS\n+00004580: 2e0a 0a20 2034 2e20 4966 2047 5255 4220 ... 4. If GRUB \n+00004590: 6361 6e6e 6f74 2062 6f6f 7420 796f 7572 cannot boot your\n+000045a0: 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 operating syste\n+000045b0: 6d2c 2077 7269 7465 2064 6f77 6e20 5f65 m, write down _e\n+000045c0: 7665 7279 7468 696e 675f 0a20 2020 2020 verything_. \n+000045d0: 796f 7520 7365 6520 6f6e 2074 6865 2073 you see on the s\n+000045e0: 6372 6565 6e2e 2020 446f 6e27 7420 7061 creen. Don't pa\n+000045f0: 7261 7068 7261 7365 2074 6865 6d2c 206c raphrase them, l\n+00004600: 696b 6520 e280 9854 6865 2066 6f6f 204f ike ...The foo O\n+00004610: 530a 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 2077 S. crashes w\n+00004620: 6974 6820 4752 5542 2c20 6576 656e 2074 ith GRUB, even t\n+00004630: 686f 7567 6820 6974 2063 616e 2062 6f6f hough it can boo\n+00004640: 7420 7769 7468 2074 6865 2062 6172 2062 t with the bar b\n+00004650: 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 0a20 2020 2020 oot loader. \n+00004660: 6a75 7374 2066 696e 65e2 8099 2e20 204d just fine.... M\n+00004670: 656e 7469 6f6e 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 ention the comma\n+00004680: 6e64 7320 796f 7520 6578 6563 7574 6564 nds you executed\n+00004690: 2c20 7468 6520 6d65 7373 6167 6573 0a20 , the messages. \n+000046a0: 2020 2020 7072 696e 7465 6420 6279 2074 printed by t\n+000046b0: 6865 6d2c 2061 6e64 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 hem, and informa\n+000046c0: 7469 6f6e 206f 6e20 796f 7572 206f 7065 tion on your ope\n+000046d0: 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d20 696e rating system in\n+000046e0: 636c 7564 696e 670a 2020 2020 2074 6865 cluding. the\n+000046f0: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 722e version number.\n+00004700: 0a0a 2020 352e 2045 7870 6c61 696e 2077 .. 5. Explain w\n+00004710: 6861 7420 796f 7520 7761 6e74 6564 2074 hat you wanted t\n+00004720: 6f20 646f 2e20 2049 7420 6973 2076 6572 o do. It is ver\n+00004730: 7920 7573 6566 756c 2074 6f20 6b6e 6f77 y useful to know\n+00004740: 2079 6f75 720a 2020 2020 2070 7572 706f your. purpo\n+00004750: 7365 2061 6e64 2079 6f75 7220 7769 7368 se and your wish\n+00004760: 2c20 616e 6420 686f 7720 4752 5542 2064 , and how GRUB d\n+00004770: 6964 6e27 7420 7361 7469 7366 7920 796f idn't satisfy yo\n+00004780: 752e 0a0a 2020 362e 2049 6620 796f 7520 u... 6. If you \n+00004790: 6361 6e20 696e 7665 7374 6967 6174 6520 can investigate \n+000047a0: 7468 6520 7072 6f62 6c65 6d20 796f 7572 the problem your\n+000047b0: 7365 6c66 2c20 706c 6561 7365 2064 6f2e self, please do.\n+000047c0: 2020 5468 6174 2077 696c 6c0a 2020 2020 That will. \n+000047d0: 2067 6976 6520 796f 7520 616e 6420 7573 give you and us\n+000047e0: 206d 7563 6820 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 much more infor\n+000047f0: 6d61 7469 6f6e 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7072 mation on the pr\n+00004800: 6f62 6c65 6d2e 2020 4174 7461 6368 696e oblem. Attachin\n+00004810: 6720 610a 2020 2020 2070 6174 6368 2069 g a. patch i\n+00004820: 7320 6576 656e 2062 6574 7465 722e 0a0a s even better...\n+00004830: 2020 2020 2057 6865 6e20 796f 7520 6174 When you at\n+00004840: 7461 6368 2061 2070 6174 6368 2c20 6d61 tach a patch, ma\n+00004850: 6b65 2074 6865 2070 6174 6368 2069 6e20 ke the patch in \n+00004860: 756e 6966 6965 6420 6469 6666 2066 6f72 unified diff for\n+00004870: 6d61 742c 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 7772 mat, and. wr\n+00004880: 6974 6520 4368 616e 6765 4c6f 6720 656e ite ChangeLog en\n+00004890: 7472 6965 732e 2020 4275 742c 2065 7665 tries. But, eve\n+000048a0: 6e20 7768 656e 2079 6f75 206d 616b 6520 n when you make \n+000048b0: 6120 7061 7463 682c 2064 6f6e 2774 0a20 a patch, don't. \n+000048c0: 2020 2020 666f 7267 6574 2074 6f20 6578 forget to ex\n+000048d0: 706c 6169 6e20 7468 6520 7072 6f62 6c65 plain the proble\n+000048e0: 6d2c 2073 6f20 7468 6174 2077 6520 6361 m, so that we ca\n+000048f0: 6e20 756e 6465 7273 7461 6e64 2077 6861 n understand wha\n+00004900: 7420 796f 7572 0a20 2020 2020 7061 7463 t your. patc\n+00004910: 6820 6973 2066 6f72 2e0a 0a20 2037 2e20 h is for... 7. \n+00004920: 5772 6974 6520 646f 776e 2061 6e79 7468 Write down anyth\n+00004930: 696e 6720 7468 6174 2079 6f75 2074 6869 ing that you thi\n+00004940: 6e6b 206d 6967 6874 2062 6520 7265 6c61 nk might be rela\n+00004950: 7465 642e 2020 506c 6561 7365 0a20 2020 ted. Please. \n+00004960: 2020 756e 6465 7273 7461 6e64 2074 6861 understand tha\n+00004970: 7420 7765 206f 6674 656e 206e 6565 6420 t we often need \n+00004980: 746f 2072 6570 726f 6475 6365 2074 6865 to reproduce the\n+00004990: 2073 616d 6520 7072 6f62 6c65 6d20 796f same problem yo\n+000049a0: 750a 2020 2020 2065 6e63 6f75 6e74 6572 u. encounter\n+000049b0: 6564 2069 6e20 6f75 7220 656e 7669 726f ed in our enviro\n+000049c0: 6e6d 656e 742e 2020 536f 2079 6f75 7220 nment. So your \n+000049d0: 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 7368 6f75 information shou\n+000049e0: 6c64 2062 650a 2020 2020 2073 7566 6669 ld be. suffi\n+000049f0: 6369 656e 7420 666f 7220 7573 2074 6f20 cient for us to \n+00004a00: 646f 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 7468 696e do the same thin\n+00004a10: 672d 2d44 6f6e 2774 2066 6f72 6765 7420 g--Don't forget \n+00004a20: 7468 6174 2077 6520 6361 6e6e 6f74 0a20 that we cannot. \n+00004a30: 2020 2020 7365 6520 796f 7572 2063 6f6d see your com\n+00004a40: 7075 7465 7220 6469 7265 6374 6c79 2e20 puter directly. \n+00004a50: 2049 6620 796f 7520 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 If you are not \n+00004a60: 7375 7265 2077 6865 7468 6572 2074 6f20 sure whether to \n+00004a70: 7374 6174 6520 610a 2020 2020 2066 6163 state a. fac\n+00004a80: 7420 6f72 206c 6561 7665 2069 7420 6f75 t or leave it ou\n+00004a90: 742c 2073 7461 7465 2069 7421 2020 5265 t, state it! Re\n+00004aa0: 706f 7274 696e 6720 746f 6f20 6d61 6e79 porting too many\n+00004ab0: 2074 6869 6e67 7320 6973 206d 7563 680a things is much.\n+00004ac0: 2020 2020 2062 6574 7465 7220 7468 616e better than\n+00004ad0: 206f 6d69 7474 696e 6720 736f 6d65 7468 omitting someth\n+00004ae0: 696e 6720 696d 706f 7274 616e 742e 0a0a ing important...\n+00004af0: 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 666f 6c6c 6f77 If you follow\n+00004b00: 2074 6865 2067 7569 6465 6c69 6e65 2061 the guideline a\n+00004b10: 626f 7665 2c20 7375 626d 6974 2061 2072 bove, submit a r\n+00004b20: 6570 6f72 7420 746f 2074 6865 2042 7567 eport to the Bug\n+00004b30: 0a54 7261 636b 696e 6720 5379 7374 656d .Tracking System\n+00004b40: 2028 6874 7470 3a2f 2f73 6176 616e 6e61 (http://savanna\n+00004b50: 682e 676e 752e 6f72 672f 6275 6773 2f3f h.gnu.org/bugs/?\n+00004b60: 6772 6f75 703d 6772 7562 292e 0a41 6c74 group=grub)..Alt\n+00004b70: 6572 6e61 7469 7665 6c79 2c20 796f 7520 ernatively, you \n+00004b80: 6361 6e20 7375 626d 6974 2061 2072 6570 can submit a rep\n+00004b90: 6f72 7420 7669 6120 656c 6563 7472 6f6e ort via electron\n+00004ba0: 6963 206d 6169 6c20 746f 0a3c 6275 672d ic mail to., b\n+00004bc0: 7574 2077 6520 7374 726f 6e67 6c79 2072 ut we strongly r\n+00004bd0: 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 2074 6861 7420 796f ecommend that yo\n+00004be0: 7520 7573 6520 7468 6520 4275 670a 5472 u use the Bug.Tr\n+00004bf0: 6163 6b69 6e67 2053 7973 7465 6d2c 2062 acking System, b\n+00004c00: 6563 6175 7365 2065 2d6d 6169 6c20 6361 ecause e-mail ca\n+00004c10: 6e20 6265 2070 6173 7365 6420 6f76 6572 n be passed over\n+00004c20: 2065 6173 696c 792e 0a0a 2020 204f 6e63 easily... Onc\n+00004c30: 6520 7765 2067 6574 2079 6f75 7220 7265 e we get your re\n+00004c40: 706f 7274 2c20 7765 2077 696c 6c20 7472 port, we will tr\n+00004c50: 7920 746f 2066 6978 2074 6865 2062 7567 y to fix the bug\n+00004c60: 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 s.....File: grub\n+00004c70: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4675 .info, Node: Fu\n+00004c80: 7475 7265 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2043 6f70 ture, Next: Cop\n+00004c90: 7969 6e67 2054 6869 7320 4d61 6e75 616c ying This Manual\n+00004ca0: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2052 6570 6f72 7469 , Prev: Reporti\n+00004cb0: 6e67 2062 7567 732c 2020 5570 3a20 546f ng bugs, Up: To\n+00004cc0: 700a 0a41 7070 656e 6469 7820 4320 5768 p..Appendix C Wh\n+00004cd0: 6572 6520 4752 5542 2077 696c 6c20 676f ere GRUB will go\n+00004ce0: 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a .***************\n+00004cf0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a **************..\n+00004d00: 4752 5542 2032 2069 7320 6e6f 7720 7175 GRUB 2 is now qu\n+00004d10: 6974 6520 7374 6162 6c65 2061 6e64 2075 ite stable and u\n+00004d20: 7365 6420 696e 206d 616e 7920 7072 6f64 sed in many prod\n+00004d30: 7563 7469 6f6e 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2e20 uction systems. \n+00004d40: 2057 6520 6172 650a 6375 7272 656e 746c We are.currentl\n+00004d50: 7920 776f 726b 696e 6720 746f 7761 7264 y working toward\n+00004d60: 7320 6120 322e 3020 7265 6c65 6173 652e s a 2.0 release.\n+00004d70: 0a0a 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 6172 6520 .. If you are \n+00004d80: 696e 7465 7265 7374 6564 2069 6e20 7468 interested in th\n+00004d90: 6520 6465 7665 6c6f 706d 656e 7420 6f66 e development of\n+00004da0: 2047 5255 4220 322c 2074 616b 6520 6120 GRUB 2, take a \n+00004db0: 6c6f 6f6b 2061 740a 7468 6520 686f 6d65 look at.the home\n+00004dc0: 7061 6765 2028 6874 7470 3a2f 2f77 7777 page (http://www\n+00004dd0: 2e67 6e75 2e6f 7267 2f73 6f66 7477 6172 .gnu.org/softwar\n+00004de0: 652f 6772 7562 2f67 7275 622e 6874 6d6c e/grub/grub.html\n+00004df0: 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 ).....File: grub\n+00004e00: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 436f .info, Node: Co\n+00004e10: 7079 696e 6720 5468 6973 204d 616e 7561 pying This Manua\n+00004e20: 6c2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 496e 6465 782c l, Next: Index,\n+00004e30: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4675 7475 7265 2c20 Prev: Future, \n+00004e40: 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 4170 7065 6e64 Up: Top..Append\n+00004e50: 6978 2044 2043 6f70 7969 6e67 2054 6869 ix D Copying Thi\n+00004e60: 7320 4d61 6e75 616c 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a s Manual.*******\n 00004e70: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-00004e80: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a2a 204d ***********..* M\n-00004e90: 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 474e 5520 4672 6565 enu:..* GNU Free\n-00004ea0: 2044 6f63 756d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 204c Documentation L\n-00004eb0: 6963 656e 7365 3a3a 2020 4c69 6365 6e73 icense:: Licens\n-00004ec0: 6520 666f 7220 636f 7079 696e 6720 7468 e for copying th\n-00004ed0: 6973 206d 616e 7561 6c2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 is manual.....Fi\n-00004ee0: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-00004ef0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 474e 5520 4672 6565 2044 Node: GNU Free D\n-00004f00: 6f63 756d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 204c 6963 ocumentation Lic\n-00004f10: 656e 7365 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f70 7969 ense, Up: Copyi\n-00004f20: 6e67 2054 6869 7320 4d61 6e75 616c 0a0a ng This Manual..\n-00004f30: 442e 3120 474e 5520 4672 6565 2044 6f63 D.1 GNU Free Doc\n-00004f40: 756d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 204c 6963 656e umentation Licen\n-00004f50: 7365 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d se.=============\n+00004e80: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a2a 204d 656e 753a *******..* Menu:\n+00004e90: 0a0a 2a20 474e 5520 4672 6565 2044 6f63 ..* GNU Free Doc\n+00004ea0: 756d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 204c 6963 656e umentation Licen\n+00004eb0: 7365 3a3a 2020 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 666f se:: License fo\n+00004ec0: 7220 636f 7079 696e 6720 7468 6973 206d r copying this m\n+00004ed0: 616e 7561 6c2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 anual.....File: \n+00004ee0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+00004ef0: 3a20 474e 5520 4672 6565 2044 6f63 756d : GNU Free Docum\n+00004f00: 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 204c 6963 656e 7365 entation License\n+00004f10: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f70 7969 6e67 2054 , Up: Copying T\n+00004f20: 6869 7320 4d61 6e75 616c 0a0a 442e 3120 his Manual..D.1 \n+00004f30: 474e 5520 4672 6565 2044 6f63 756d 656e GNU Free Documen\n+00004f40: 7461 7469 6f6e 204c 6963 656e 7365 0a3d tation License.=\n+00004f50: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n 00004f60: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00004f70: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 =====.. \n-00004f80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2056 6572 Ver\n-00004f90: 7369 6f6e 2031 2e32 2c20 4e6f 7665 6d62 sion 1.2, Novemb\n-00004fa0: 6572 2032 3030 320a 0a20 2020 2020 436f er 2002.. Co\n-00004fb0: 7079 7269 6768 7420 c2a9 2032 3030 302c pyright .. 2000,\n-00004fc0: 3230 3031 2c32 3030 3220 4672 6565 2053 2001,2002 Free S\n-00004fd0: 6f66 7477 6172 6520 466f 756e 6461 7469 oftware Foundati\n-00004fe0: 6f6e 2c20 496e 632e 0a20 2020 2020 3531 on, Inc.. 51\n-00004ff0: 2046 7261 6e6b 6c69 6e20 5374 2c20 4669 Franklin St, Fi\n-00005000: 6674 6820 466c 6f6f 722c 2042 6f73 746f fth Floor, Bosto\n-00005010: 6e2c 204d 4120 2030 3231 3130 2d31 3330 n, MA 02110-130\n-00005020: 312c 2055 5341 0a0a 2020 2020 2045 7665 1, USA.. 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Preserve the\n-00007d50: 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2045 6e74 6974 6c65 section Entitle\n-00007d60: 6420 2248 6973 746f 7279 222c 2050 7265 d \"History\", Pre\n-00007d70: 7365 7276 6520 6974 7320 5469 746c 652c serve its Title,\n-00007d80: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2061 6e64 2061 . and a\n-00007d90: 6464 2074 6f20 6974 2061 6e20 6974 656d dd to it an item\n-00007da0: 2073 7461 7469 6e67 2061 7420 6c65 6173 stating at leas\n-00007db0: 7420 7468 6520 7469 746c 652c 2079 6561 t the title, yea\n-00007dc0: 722c 206e 6577 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 r, new. \n-00007dd0: 2061 7574 686f 7273 2c20 616e 6420 7075 authors, and pu\n-00007de0: 626c 6973 6865 7220 6f66 2074 6865 204d blisher of the M\n-00007df0: 6f64 6966 6965 6420 5665 7273 696f 6e20 odified Version \n-00007e00: 6173 2067 6976 656e 206f 6e20 7468 650a as given on the.\n-00007e10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5469 746c 6520 Title \n-00007e20: 5061 6765 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6572 6520 Page. 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J.\n-00007f50: 2050 7265 7365 7276 6520 7468 6520 6e65 Preserve the ne\n-00007f60: 7477 6f72 6b20 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 2c20 twork location, \n-00007f70: 6966 2061 6e79 2c20 6769 7665 6e20 696e if any, given in\n-00007f80: 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e 740a 2020 the Document. \n-00007f90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 666f 7220 7075 626c for publ\n-00007fa0: 6963 2061 6363 6573 7320 746f 2061 2054 ic access to a T\n-00007fb0: 7261 6e73 7061 7265 6e74 2063 6f70 7920 ransparent copy \n-00007fc0: 6f66 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e 742c of the Document,\n-00007fd0: 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c and. l\n-00007fe0: 696b 6577 6973 6520 7468 6520 6e65 7477 ikewise the netw\n-00007ff0: 6f72 6b20 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 7320 6769 ork locations gi\n-00008000: 7665 6e20 696e 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d ven in the Docum\n-00008010: 656e 7420 666f 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ent for. \n-00008020: 2020 7072 6576 696f 7573 2076 6572 7369 previous versi\n-00008030: 6f6e 7320 6974 2077 6173 2062 6173 6564 ons it was based\n-00008040: 206f 6e2e 2020 5468 6573 6520 6d61 7920 on. 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Y\n-00008080: 6f75 206d 6179 206f 6d69 7420 6120 6e65 ou may omit a ne\n-00008090: 7477 6f72 6b20 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 2066 twork location f\n-000080a0: 6f72 2061 2077 6f72 6b0a 2020 2020 2020 or a work. \n-000080b0: 2020 2020 7468 6174 2077 6173 2070 7562 that was pub\n-000080c0: 6c69 7368 6564 2061 7420 6c65 6173 7420 lished at least \n-000080d0: 666f 7572 2079 6561 7273 2062 6566 6f72 four years befor\n-000080e0: 6520 7468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 0a20 e the Document. \n-000080f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 7473 656c 662c itself,\n-00008100: 206f 7220 6966 2074 6865 206f 7269 6769 or if the origi\n-00008110: 6e61 6c20 7075 626c 6973 6865 7220 6f66 nal publisher of\n-00008120: 2074 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2069 7420 the version it \n-00008130: 7265 6665 7273 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 refers. \n-00008140: 2074 6f20 6769 7665 7320 7065 726d 6973 to gives permis\n-00008150: 7369 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 4b2e sion... 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Delete any se\n-00008350: 6374 696f 6e20 456e 7469 746c 6564 2022 ction Entitled \"\n-00008360: 456e 646f 7273 656d 656e 7473 222e 2020 Endorsements\". \n-00008370: 5375 6368 2061 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 0a20 Such a section. \n-00008380: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206d 6179 206e 6f74 may not\n-00008390: 2062 6520 696e 636c 7564 6564 2069 6e20 be included in \n-000083a0: 7468 6520 4d6f 6469 6669 6564 2056 6572 the Modified Ver\n-000083b0: 7369 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 4e2e sion... 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In ca\n-000099b0: 7365 206f 6620 610a 2020 2020 2064 6973 se of a. dis\n-000099c0: 6167 7265 656d 656e 7420 6265 7477 6565 agreement betwee\n-000099d0: 6e20 7468 6520 7472 616e 736c 6174 696f n the translatio\n-000099e0: 6e20 616e 6420 7468 6520 6f72 6967 696e n and the origin\n-000099f0: 616c 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206f 660a 2020 al version of. \n-00009a00: 2020 2074 6869 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 this License \n-00009a10: 6f72 2061 206e 6f74 6963 6520 6f72 2064 or a notice or d\n-00009a20: 6973 636c 6169 6d65 722c 2074 6865 206f isclaimer, the o\n-00009a30: 7269 6769 6e61 6c20 7665 7273 696f 6e20 riginal version \n-00009a40: 7769 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 7072 6576 6169 will. prevai\n-00009a50: 6c2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 6120 7365 l... If a se\n-00009a60: 6374 696f 6e20 696e 2074 6865 2044 6f63 ction in the Doc\n-00009a70: 756d 656e 7420 6973 2045 6e74 6974 6c65 ument is Entitle\n-00009a80: 6420 2241 636b 6e6f 776c 6564 6765 6d65 d \"Acknowledgeme\n-00009a90: 6e74 7322 2c0a 2020 2020 2022 4465 6469 nts\",. \"Dedi\n-00009aa0: 6361 7469 6f6e 7322 2c20 6f72 2022 4869 cations\", or \"Hi\n-00009ab0: 7374 6f72 7922 2c20 7468 6520 7265 7175 story\", the requ\n-00009ac0: 6972 656d 656e 7420 2873 6563 7469 6f6e irement (section\n-00009ad0: 2034 2920 746f 0a20 2020 2020 5072 6573 4) to. Pres\n-00009ae0: 6572 7665 2069 7473 2054 6974 6c65 2028 erve its Title (\n-00009af0: 7365 6374 696f 6e20 3129 2077 696c 6c20 section 1) will \n-00009b00: 7479 7069 6361 6c6c 7920 7265 7175 6972 typically requir\n-00009b10: 6520 6368 616e 6769 6e67 2074 6865 0a20 e changing the. \n-00009b20: 2020 2020 6163 7475 616c 2074 6974 6c65 actual title\n-00009b30: 2e0a 0a20 2039 2e20 5445 524d 494e 4154 ... 9. 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Any other.\n-00009bd0: 2020 2020 2061 7474 656d 7074 2074 6f20 attempt to \n-00009be0: 636f 7079 2c20 6d6f 6469 6679 2c20 7375 copy, modify, su\n-00009bf0: 626c 6963 656e 7365 206f 7220 6469 7374 blicense or dist\n-00009c00: 7269 6275 7465 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d ribute the Docum\n-00009c10: 656e 7420 6973 0a20 2020 2020 766f 6964 ent is. void\n-00009c20: 2c20 616e 6420 7769 6c6c 2061 7574 6f6d , and will autom\n-00009c30: 6174 6963 616c 6c79 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 atically termina\n-00009c40: 7465 2079 6f75 7220 7269 6768 7473 2075 te your rights u\n-00009c50: 6e64 6572 2074 6869 730a 2020 2020 204c nder this. L\n-00009c60: 6963 656e 7365 2e20 2048 6f77 6576 6572 icense. 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Copyri\n+00004fb0: 6768 7420 c2a9 2032 3030 302c 3230 3031 ght .. 2000,2001\n+00004fc0: 2c32 3030 3220 4672 6565 2053 6f66 7477 ,2002 Free Softw\n+00004fd0: 6172 6520 466f 756e 6461 7469 6f6e 2c20 are Foundation, \n+00004fe0: 496e 632e 0a20 2020 2020 3531 2046 7261 Inc.. 51 Fra\n+00004ff0: 6e6b 6c69 6e20 5374 2c20 4669 6674 6820 nklin St, Fifth \n+00005000: 466c 6f6f 722c 2042 6f73 746f 6e2c 204d Floor, Boston, M\n+00005010: 4120 2030 3231 3130 2d31 3330 312c 2055 A 02110-1301, U\n+00005020: 5341 0a0a 2020 2020 2045 7665 7279 6f6e SA.. 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We. \n+00005540: 2020 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 2074 6869 recommend thi\n+00005550: 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 7072 696e 6369 s License princi\n+00005560: 7061 6c6c 7920 666f 7220 776f 726b 7320 pally for works \n+00005570: 7768 6f73 6520 7075 7270 6f73 6520 6973 whose purpose is\n+00005580: 0a20 2020 2020 696e 7374 7275 6374 696f . instructio\n+00005590: 6e20 6f72 2072 6566 6572 656e 6365 2e0a n or reference..\n+000055a0: 0a20 2031 2e20 4150 504c 4943 4142 494c . 1. APPLICABIL\n+000055b0: 4954 5920 414e 4420 4445 4649 4e49 5449 ITY AND DEFINITI\n+000055c0: 4f4e 530a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 204c ONS.. This L\n+000055d0: 6963 656e 7365 2061 7070 6c69 6573 2074 icense applies t\n+000055e0: 6f20 616e 7920 6d61 6e75 616c 206f 7220 o any manual or \n+000055f0: 6f74 6865 7220 776f 726b 2c20 696e 2061 other work, in a\n+00005600: 6e79 206d 6564 6975 6d2c 0a20 2020 2020 ny medium,. \n+00005610: 7468 6174 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 6120 that contains a \n+00005620: 6e6f 7469 6365 2070 6c61 6365 6420 6279 notice placed by\n+00005630: 2074 6865 2063 6f70 7972 6967 6874 2068 the copyright h\n+00005640: 6f6c 6465 7220 7361 7969 6e67 2069 7420 older saying it \n+00005650: 6361 6e0a 2020 2020 2062 6520 6469 7374 can. be dist\n+00005660: 7269 6275 7465 6420 756e 6465 7220 7468 ributed under th\n+00005670: 6520 7465 726d 7320 6f66 2074 6869 7320 e terms of this \n+00005680: 4c69 6365 6e73 652e 2020 5375 6368 2061 License. Such a\n+00005690: 206e 6f74 6963 650a 2020 2020 2067 7261 notice. gra\n+000056a0: 6e74 7320 6120 776f 726c 642d 7769 6465 nts a world-wide\n+000056b0: 2c20 726f 7961 6c74 792d 6672 6565 206c , royalty-free l\n+000056c0: 6963 656e 7365 2c20 756e 6c69 6d69 7465 icense, unlimite\n+000056d0: 6420 696e 2064 7572 6174 696f 6e2c 0a20 d in duration,. \n+000056e0: 2020 2020 746f 2075 7365 2074 6861 7420 to use that \n+000056f0: 776f 726b 2075 6e64 6572 2074 6865 2063 work under the c\n+00005700: 6f6e 6469 7469 6f6e 7320 7374 6174 6564 onditions stated\n+00005710: 2068 6572 6569 6e2e 2020 5468 650a 2020 herein. The. \n+00005720: 2020 2022 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 222c 2062 \"Document\", b\n+00005730: 656c 6f77 2c20 7265 6665 7273 2074 6f20 elow, refers to \n+00005740: 616e 7920 7375 6368 206d 616e 7561 6c20 any such manual \n+00005750: 6f72 2077 6f72 6b2e 2020 416e 7920 6d65 or work. Any me\n+00005760: 6d62 6572 0a20 2020 2020 6f66 2074 6865 mber. of the\n+00005770: 2070 7562 6c69 6320 6973 2061 206c 6963 public is a lic\n+00005780: 656e 7365 652c 2061 6e64 2069 7320 6164 ensee, and is ad\n+00005790: 6472 6573 7365 6420 6173 2022 796f 7522 dressed as \"you\"\n+000057a0: 2e20 2059 6f75 2061 6363 6570 740a 2020 . You accept. \n+000057b0: 2020 2074 6865 206c 6963 656e 7365 2069 the license i\n+000057c0: 6620 796f 7520 636f 7079 2c20 6d6f 6469 f you copy, modi\n+000057d0: 6679 206f 7220 6469 7374 7269 6275 7465 fy or distribute\n+000057e0: 2074 6865 2077 6f72 6b20 696e 2061 2077 the work in a w\n+000057f0: 6179 0a20 2020 2020 7265 7175 6972 696e ay. requirin\n+00005800: 6720 7065 726d 6973 7369 6f6e 2075 6e64 g permission und\n+00005810: 6572 2063 6f70 7972 6967 6874 206c 6177 er copyright law\n+00005820: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4120 224d 6f64 6966 ... A \"Modif\n+00005830: 6965 6420 5665 7273 696f 6e22 206f 6620 ied Version\" of \n+00005840: 7468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 206d 6561 the Document mea\n+00005850: 6e73 2061 6e79 2077 6f72 6b20 636f 6e74 ns any work cont\n+00005860: 6169 6e69 6e67 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 aining the. \n+00005870: 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 206f 7220 6120 706f Document or a po\n+00005880: 7274 696f 6e20 6f66 2069 742c 2065 6974 rtion of it, eit\n+00005890: 6865 7220 636f 7069 6564 2076 6572 6261 her copied verba\n+000058a0: 7469 6d2c 206f 7220 7769 7468 0a20 2020 tim, or with. \n+000058b0: 2020 6d6f 6469 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 7320 modifications \n+000058c0: 616e 642f 6f72 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 7465 and/or translate\n+000058d0: 6420 696e 746f 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 206c d into another l\n+000058e0: 616e 6775 6167 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2041 anguage... A\n+000058f0: 2022 5365 636f 6e64 6172 7920 5365 6374 \"Secondary Sect\n+00005900: 696f 6e22 2069 7320 6120 6e61 6d65 6420 ion\" is a named \n+00005910: 6170 7065 6e64 6978 206f 7220 6120 6672 appendix or a fr\n+00005920: 6f6e 742d 6d61 7474 6572 2073 6563 7469 ont-matter secti\n+00005930: 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 6f66 2074 6865 2044 on. of the D\n+00005940: 6f63 756d 656e 7420 7468 6174 2064 6561 ocument that dea\n+00005950: 6c73 2065 7863 6c75 7369 7665 6c79 2077 ls exclusively w\n+00005960: 6974 6820 7468 6520 7265 6c61 7469 6f6e ith the relation\n+00005970: 7368 6970 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 ship of the. \n+00005980: 2070 7562 6c69 7368 6572 7320 6f72 2061 publishers or a\n+00005990: 7574 686f 7273 206f 6620 7468 6520 446f uthors of the Do\n+000059a0: 6375 6d65 6e74 2074 6f20 7468 6520 446f cument to the Do\n+000059b0: 6375 6d65 6e74 2773 206f 7665 7261 6c6c cument's overall\n+000059c0: 0a20 2020 2020 7375 626a 6563 7420 286f . subject (o\n+000059d0: 7220 746f 2072 656c 6174 6564 206d 6174 r to related mat\n+000059e0: 7465 7273 2920 616e 6420 636f 6e74 6169 ters) and contai\n+000059f0: 6e73 206e 6f74 6869 6e67 2074 6861 7420 ns nothing that \n+00005a00: 636f 756c 640a 2020 2020 2066 616c 6c20 could. fall \n+00005a10: 6469 7265 6374 6c79 2077 6974 6869 6e20 directly within \n+00005a20: 7468 6174 206f 7665 7261 6c6c 2073 7562 that overall sub\n+00005a30: 6a65 6374 2e20 2028 5468 7573 2c20 6966 ject. (Thus, if\n+00005a40: 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e 740a 2020 the Document. \n+00005a50: 2020 2069 7320 696e 2070 6172 7420 6120 is in part a \n+00005a60: 7465 7874 626f 6f6b 206f 6620 6d61 7468 textbook of math\n+00005a70: 656d 6174 6963 732c 2061 2053 6563 6f6e ematics, a Secon\n+00005a80: 6461 7279 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 206d 6179 dary Section may\n+00005a90: 206e 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 6578 706c 6169 not. explai\n+00005aa0: 6e20 616e 7920 6d61 7468 656d 6174 6963 n any mathematic\n+00005ab0: 732e 2920 2054 6865 2072 656c 6174 696f s.) The relatio\n+00005ac0: 6e73 6869 7020 636f 756c 6420 6265 2061 nship could be a\n+00005ad0: 206d 6174 7465 7220 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 matter of. \n+00005ae0: 6869 7374 6f72 6963 616c 2063 6f6e 6e65 historical conne\n+00005af0: 6374 696f 6e20 7769 7468 2074 6865 2073 ction with the s\n+00005b00: 7562 6a65 6374 206f 7220 7769 7468 2072 ubject or with r\n+00005b10: 656c 6174 6564 206d 6174 7465 7273 2c20 elated matters, \n+00005b20: 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 6f66 206c 6567 616c or. of legal\n+00005b30: 2c20 636f 6d6d 6572 6369 616c 2c20 7068 , commercial, ph\n+00005b40: 696c 6f73 6f70 6869 6361 6c2c 2065 7468 ilosophical, eth\n+00005b50: 6963 616c 206f 7220 706f 6c69 7469 6361 ical or politica\n+00005b60: 6c20 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 l position. \n+00005b70: 7265 6761 7264 696e 6720 7468 656d 2e0a regarding them..\n+00005b80: 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 2249 6e76 6172 . The \"Invar\n+00005b90: 6961 6e74 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 7322 2061 iant Sections\" a\n+00005ba0: 7265 2063 6572 7461 696e 2053 6563 6f6e re certain Secon\n+00005bb0: 6461 7279 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 7768 dary Sections wh\n+00005bc0: 6f73 650a 2020 2020 2074 6974 6c65 7320 ose. titles \n+00005bd0: 6172 6520 6465 7369 676e 6174 6564 2c20 are designated, \n+00005be0: 6173 2062 6569 6e67 2074 686f 7365 206f as being those o\n+00005bf0: 6620 496e 7661 7269 616e 7420 5365 6374 f Invariant Sect\n+00005c00: 696f 6e73 2c20 696e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 ions, in the. \n+00005c10: 2020 6e6f 7469 6365 2074 6861 7420 7361 notice that sa\n+00005c20: 7973 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 446f 6375 ys that the Docu\n+00005c30: 6d65 6e74 2069 7320 7265 6c65 6173 6564 ment is released\n+00005c40: 2075 6e64 6572 2074 6869 7320 4c69 6365 under this Lice\n+00005c50: 6e73 652e 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2061 2073 nse.. If a s\n+00005c60: 6563 7469 6f6e 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 ection does not \n+00005c70: 6669 7420 7468 6520 6162 6f76 6520 6465 fit the above de\n+00005c80: 6669 6e69 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 5365 636f finition of Seco\n+00005c90: 6e64 6172 7920 7468 656e 2069 740a 2020 ndary then it. \n+00005ca0: 2020 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 616c 6c6f 7765 is not allowe\n+00005cb0: 6420 746f 2062 6520 6465 7369 676e 6174 d to be designat\n+00005cc0: 6564 2061 7320 496e 7661 7269 616e 742e ed as Invariant.\n+00005cd0: 2020 5468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 206d The Document m\n+00005ce0: 6179 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e74 6169 6e20 ay. contain \n+00005cf0: 7a65 726f 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 2053 zero Invariant S\n+00005d00: 6563 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 4966 2074 6865 ections. If the\n+00005d10: 2044 6f63 756d 656e 7420 646f 6573 206e Document does n\n+00005d20: 6f74 2069 6465 6e74 6966 790a 2020 2020 ot identify. \n+00005d30: 2061 6e79 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 2053 any Invariant S\n+00005d40: 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 7468 656e 2074 6865 ections then the\n+00005d50: 7265 2061 7265 206e 6f6e 652e 0a0a 2020 re are none... \n+00005d60: 2020 2054 6865 2022 436f 7665 7220 5465 The \"Cover Te\n+00005d70: 7874 7322 2061 7265 2063 6572 7461 696e xts\" are certain\n+00005d80: 2073 686f 7274 2070 6173 7361 6765 7320 short passages \n+00005d90: 6f66 2074 6578 7420 7468 6174 2061 7265 of text that are\n+00005da0: 0a20 2020 2020 6c69 7374 6564 2c20 6173 . listed, as\n+00005db0: 2046 726f 6e74 2d43 6f76 6572 2054 6578 Front-Cover Tex\n+00005dc0: 7473 206f 7220 4261 636b 2d43 6f76 6572 ts or Back-Cover\n+00005dd0: 2054 6578 7473 2c20 696e 2074 6865 206e Texts, in the n\n+00005de0: 6f74 6963 650a 2020 2020 2074 6861 7420 otice. that \n+00005df0: 7361 7973 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 446f says that the Do\n+00005e00: 6375 6d65 6e74 2069 7320 7265 6c65 6173 cument is releas\n+00005e10: 6564 2075 6e64 6572 2074 6869 7320 4c69 ed under this Li\n+00005e20: 6365 6e73 652e 2020 410a 2020 2020 2046 cense. 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For.\n+00006570: 2020 2020 2077 6f72 6b73 2069 6e20 666f works in fo\n+00006580: 726d 6174 7320 7768 6963 6820 646f 206e rmats which do n\n+00006590: 6f74 2068 6176 6520 616e 7920 7469 746c ot have any titl\n+000065a0: 6520 7061 6765 2061 7320 7375 6368 2c20 e page as such, \n+000065b0: 2254 6974 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 5061 6765 \"Title. Page\n+000065c0: 2220 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6520 7465 7874 \" means the text\n+000065d0: 206e 6561 7220 7468 6520 6d6f 7374 2070 near the most p\n+000065e0: 726f 6d69 6e65 6e74 2061 7070 6561 7261 rominent appeara\n+000065f0: 6e63 6520 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 nce of the. \n+00006600: 776f 726b 2773 2074 6974 6c65 2c20 7072 work's title, pr\n+00006610: 6563 6564 696e 6720 7468 6520 6265 6769 eceding the begi\n+00006620: 6e6e 696e 6720 6f66 2074 6865 2062 6f64 nning of the bod\n+00006630: 7920 6f66 2074 6865 2074 6578 742e 0a0a y of the text...\n+00006640: 2020 2020 2041 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2022 A section \"\n+00006650: 456e 7469 746c 6564 2058 595a 2220 6d65 Entitled XYZ\" me\n+00006660: 616e 7320 6120 6e61 6d65 6420 7375 6275 ans a named subu\n+00006670: 6e69 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d nit of the Docum\n+00006680: 656e 740a 2020 2020 2077 686f 7365 2074 ent. whose t\n+00006690: 6974 6c65 2065 6974 6865 7220 6973 2070 itle either is p\n+000066a0: 7265 6369 7365 6c79 2058 595a 206f 7220 recisely XYZ or \n+000066b0: 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 2058 595a 2069 6e20 contains XYZ in \n+000066c0: 7061 7265 6e74 6865 7365 730a 2020 2020 parentheses. \n+000066d0: 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2074 6578 7420 following text \n+000066e0: 7468 6174 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 7465 7320 that translates \n+000066f0: 5859 5a20 696e 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 206c XYZ in another l\n+00006700: 616e 6775 6167 652e 2020 2848 6572 6520 anguage. 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I. \n+00007d40: 5072 6573 6572 7665 2074 6865 2073 6563 Preserve the sec\n+00007d50: 7469 6f6e 2045 6e74 6974 6c65 6420 2248 tion Entitled \"H\n+00007d60: 6973 746f 7279 222c 2050 7265 7365 7276 istory\", Preserv\n+00007d70: 6520 6974 7320 5469 746c 652c 0a20 2020 e its Title,. \n+00007d80: 2020 2020 2020 2061 6e64 2061 6464 2074 and add t\n+00007d90: 6f20 6974 2061 6e20 6974 656d 2073 7461 o it an item sta\n+00007da0: 7469 6e67 2061 7420 6c65 6173 7420 7468 ting at least th\n+00007db0: 6520 7469 746c 652c 2079 6561 722c 206e e title, year, n\n+00007dc0: 6577 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2061 7574 ew. aut\n+00007dd0: 686f 7273 2c20 616e 6420 7075 626c 6973 hors, and publis\n+00007de0: 6865 7220 6f66 2074 6865 204d 6f64 6966 her of the Modif\n+00007df0: 6965 6420 5665 7273 696f 6e20 6173 2067 ied Version as g\n+00007e00: 6976 656e 206f 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 iven on the. \n+00007e10: 2020 2020 2020 5469 746c 6520 5061 6765 Title Page\n+00007e20: 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6572 6520 6973 206e . 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TRANSLATION.. \n+00009700: 2020 2020 5472 616e 736c 6174 696f 6e20 Translation \n+00009710: 6973 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 7265 6420 6120 is considered a \n+00009720: 6b69 6e64 206f 6620 6d6f 6469 6669 6361 kind of modifica\n+00009730: 7469 6f6e 2c20 736f 2079 6f75 206d 6179 tion, so you may\n+00009740: 0a20 2020 2020 6469 7374 7269 6275 7465 . distribute\n+00009750: 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 7469 6f6e 7320 6f66 translations of\n+00009760: 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e 7420 756e the Document un\n+00009770: 6465 7220 7468 6520 7465 726d 7320 6f66 der the terms of\n+00009780: 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 342e section. 4.\n+00009790: 2020 5265 706c 6163 696e 6720 496e 7661 Replacing Inva\n+000097a0: 7269 616e 7420 5365 6374 696f 6e73 2077 riant Sections w\n+000097b0: 6974 6820 7472 616e 736c 6174 696f 6e73 ith translations\n+000097c0: 2072 6571 7569 7265 7320 7370 6563 6961 requires specia\n+000097d0: 6c0a 2020 2020 2070 6572 6d69 7373 696f l. permissio\n+000097e0: 6e20 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 6972 2063 6f70 n from their cop\n+000097f0: 7972 6967 6874 2068 6f6c 6465 7273 2c20 yright holders, \n+00009800: 6275 7420 796f 7520 6d61 7920 696e 636c but you may incl\n+00009810: 7564 650a 2020 2020 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 ude. transla\n+00009820: 7469 6f6e 7320 6f66 2073 6f6d 6520 6f72 tions of some or\n+00009830: 2061 6c6c 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 2053 all Invariant S\n+00009840: 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 696e 2061 6464 6974 ections in addit\n+00009850: 696f 6e20 746f 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 ion to the. \n+00009860: 6f72 6967 696e 616c 2076 6572 7369 6f6e original version\n+00009870: 7320 6f66 2074 6865 7365 2049 6e76 6172 s of these Invar\n+00009880: 6961 6e74 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 iant Sections. \n+00009890: 596f 7520 6d61 7920 696e 636c 7564 6520 You may include \n+000098a0: 610a 2020 2020 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 7469 a. translati\n+000098b0: 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6973 204c 6963 656e on of this Licen\n+000098c0: 7365 2c20 616e 6420 616c 6c20 7468 6520 se, and all the \n+000098d0: 6c69 6365 6e73 6520 6e6f 7469 6365 7320 license notices \n+000098e0: 696e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 446f 6375 in the. 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(l\n-0000a990: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2063 6c65 6172 3a20 ine 6).* clear: \n+0000a970: 2020 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 2e20 chainloader. \n+0000a980: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n+0000a990: 3629 0a2a 2063 6c65 6172 3a20 2020 2020 6).* clear: \n 0000a9a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000a9b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000a9c0: 636c 6561 722e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 clear. \n-0000a9d0: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n-0000a9e0: 2a20 434d 4f53 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 * CMOS: \n+0000a9b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 636c 6561 clea\n+0000a9c0: 722e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 r. \n+0000a9d0: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 434d (line 6).* CM\n+0000a9e0: 4f53 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 OS: \n 0000a9f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000aa00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 6d6f 7364 756d cmosdum\n-0000aa10: 702e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 p. \n-0000aa20: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2063 6d6f 7363 (line 6).* cmosc\n-0000aa30: 6c65 616e 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 lean: \n-0000aa40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000aa50: 2020 636d 6f73 636c 6561 6e2e 2020 2020 cmosclean. \n-0000aa60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n-0000aa70: 290a 2a20 636d 6f73 7465 7374 3a20 2020 ).* cmostest: \n+0000aa00: 2020 2020 2063 6d6f 7364 756d 702e 2020 cmosdump. \n+0000aa10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e (lin\n+0000aa20: 6520 3629 0a2a 2063 6d6f 7363 6c65 616e e 6).* cmosclean\n+0000aa30: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n+0000aa40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 636d cm\n+0000aa50: 6f73 636c 6561 6e2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 osclean. \n+0000aa60: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n+0000aa70: 636d 6f73 7465 7374 3a20 2020 2020 2020 cmostest: \n 0000aa80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000aa90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 6d6f 7374 cmost\n-0000aaa0: 6573 742e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 est. \n-0000aab0: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2063 6d70 (line 6).* cmp\n-0000aac0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n+0000aa90: 2020 2020 2020 2063 6d6f 7374 6573 742e cmostest.\n+0000aaa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c (l\n+0000aab0: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2063 6d70 3a20 2020 ine 6).* cmp: \n+0000aac0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0000aad0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000aae0: 2020 2020 636d 702e 2020 2020 2020 2020 cmp. \n-0000aaf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 (line\n-0000ab00: 2036 290a 2a20 636f 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 6).* configfile\n-0000ab10: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0000ab20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 6f6e con\n-0000ab30: 6669 6766 696c 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 figfile. \n-0000ab40: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2063 (line 6).* c\n-0000ab50: 7075 6964 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 puid: \n+0000aae0: 636d 702e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 cmp. \n+0000aaf0: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n+0000ab00: 2a20 636f 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 3a20 2020 * configfile: \n+0000ab10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000ab20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 6669 6766 configf\n+0000ab30: 696c 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ile. \n+0000ab40: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2063 7075 6964 (line 6).* cpuid\n+0000ab50: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n 0000ab60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000ab70: 2020 2020 2020 6370 7569 642e 2020 2020 cpuid. \n-0000ab80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 (li\n-0000ab90: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6372 633a 2020 2020 ne 6).* crc: \n+0000ab70: 2020 6370 7569 642e 2020 2020 2020 2020 cpuid. \n+0000ab80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n+0000ab90: 290a 2a20 6372 633a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ).* crc: \n 0000aba0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000abb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 c\n-0000abc0: 7263 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 rc. \n-0000abd0: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n-0000abe0: 2063 7279 7074 6f6d 6f75 6e74 3a20 2020 cryptomount: \n+0000abb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 7263 2e20 crc. \n+0000abc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000abd0: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2063 7279 (line 6).* cry\n+0000abe0: 7074 6f6d 6f75 6e74 3a20 2020 2020 2020 ptomount: \n 0000abf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000ac00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6372 7970 746f 6d6f cryptomo\n-0000ac10: 756e 742e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 unt. (\n-0000ac20: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6375 746d 656d line 6).* cutmem\n-0000ac30: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0000ac40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000ac50: 2063 7574 6d65 6d2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 cutmem. \n-0000ac60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n-0000ac70: 0a2a 2064 6174 653a 2020 2020 2020 2020 .* date: \n+0000ac00: 2020 2020 6372 7970 746f 6d6f 756e 742e cryptomount.\n+0000ac10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 (line\n+0000ac20: 2036 290a 2a20 6375 746d 656d 3a20 2020 6).* cutmem: \n+0000ac30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000ac40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 7574 cut\n+0000ac50: 6d65 6d2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 mem. \n+0000ac60: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2064 (line 6).* d\n+0000ac70: 6174 653a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ate: \n 0000ac80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000ac90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6461 7465 2e20 date. \n-0000aca0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000acb0: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6465 7669 (line 6).* devi\n-0000acc0: 6365 7472 6565 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 cetree: \n-0000acd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000ace0: 2020 2064 6576 6963 6574 7265 652e 2020 devicetree. \n-0000acf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n-0000ad00: 3629 0a2a 2064 6973 7472 7573 743a 2020 6).* distrust: \n+0000ac90: 2020 2020 2020 6461 7465 2e20 2020 2020 date. \n+0000aca0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 (li\n+0000acb0: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6465 7669 6365 7472 ne 6).* devicetr\n+0000acc0: 6565 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ee: \n+0000acd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2064 d\n+0000ace0: 6576 6963 6574 7265 652e 2020 2020 2020 evicetree. \n+0000acf0: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n+0000ad00: 2064 6973 7472 7573 743a 2020 2020 2020 distrust: \n 0000ad10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000ad20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6469 7374 dist\n-0000ad30: 7275 7374 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 rust. \n-0000ad40: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6472 (line 6).* dr\n-0000ad50: 6976 656d 6170 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ivemap: \n+0000ad20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6469 7374 7275 7374 distrust\n+0000ad30: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 . (\n+0000ad40: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6472 6976 656d line 6).* drivem\n+0000ad50: 6170 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ap: \n 0000ad60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000ad70: 2020 2020 2064 7269 7665 6d61 702e 2020 drivemap. \n-0000ad80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e (lin\n-0000ad90: 6520 3629 0a2a 2065 6368 6f3a 2020 2020 e 6).* echo: \n+0000ad70: 2064 7269 7665 6d61 702e 2020 2020 2020 drivemap. \n+0000ad80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n+0000ad90: 0a2a 2065 6368 6f3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 .* echo: \n 0000ada0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000adb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6563 ec\n-0000adc0: 686f 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ho. \n-0000add0: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n-0000ade0: 6566 6974 6578 746d 6f64 653a 2020 2020 efitextmode: \n+0000adb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6563 686f 2e20 echo. \n+0000adc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000add0: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6566 6974 (line 6).* efit\n+0000ade0: 6578 746d 6f64 653a 2020 2020 2020 2020 extmode: \n 0000adf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000ae00: 2020 2020 2020 2065 6669 7465 7874 6d6f efitextmo\n-0000ae10: 6465 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c de. (l\n-0000ae20: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2065 7661 6c3a 2020 ine 6).* eval: \n+0000ae00: 2020 2065 6669 7465 7874 6d6f 6465 2e20 efitextmode. \n+0000ae10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n+0000ae20: 3629 0a2a 2065 7661 6c3a 2020 2020 2020 6).* eval: \n 0000ae30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000ae40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000ae50: 6576 616c 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 eval. \n-0000ae60: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n-0000ae70: 2a20 6578 706f 7274 3a20 2020 2020 2020 * export: \n+0000ae40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6576 616c eval\n+0000ae50: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+0000ae60: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6578 (line 6).* ex\n+0000ae70: 706f 7274 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 port: \n 0000ae80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000ae90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2065 7870 6f72 742e export.\n-0000aea0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000aeb0: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2066 616c 7365 (line 6).* false\n-0000aec0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0000aed0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000aee0: 2020 6661 6c73 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 false. \n-0000aef0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n-0000af00: 290a 2a20 4644 4c2c 2047 4e55 2046 7265 ).* FDL, GNU Fre\n-0000af10: 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 e Documentation \n-0000af20: 4c69 6365 6e73 653a 2020 2047 4e55 2046 License: GNU F\n-0000af30: 7265 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f ree Documentatio\n-0000af40: 6e20 4c69 6365 6e73 652e 0a20 2020 2020 n License.. \n+0000ae90: 2020 2020 2065 7870 6f72 742e 2020 2020 export. \n+0000aea0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e (lin\n+0000aeb0: 6520 3629 0a2a 2066 616c 7365 3a20 2020 e 6).* false: \n+0000aec0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000aed0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6661 fa\n+0000aee0: 6c73 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 lse. \n+0000aef0: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n+0000af00: 4644 4c2c 2047 4e55 2046 7265 6520 446f FDL, GNU Free Do\n+0000af10: 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 4c69 6365 cumentation Lice\n+0000af20: 6e73 653a 2020 2047 4e55 2046 7265 6520 nse: GNU Free \n+0000af30: 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 4c69 Documentation Li\n+0000af40: 6365 6e73 652e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 cense.. \n 0000af50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0000af60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0000af70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000af80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 (line\n-0000af90: 2036 290a 2a20 6677 7365 7475 703a 2020 6).* fwsetup: \n+0000af80: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n+0000af90: 2a20 6677 7365 7475 703a 2020 2020 2020 * fwsetup: \n 0000afa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000afb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2066 7773 fws\n-0000afc0: 6574 7570 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 etup. \n-0000afd0: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2067 (line 6).* g\n-0000afe0: 6462 696e 666f 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 dbinfo: \n+0000afb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2066 7773 6574 7570 fwsetup\n+0000afc0: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+0000afd0: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2067 6462 696e (line 6).* gdbin\n+0000afe0: 666f 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 fo: \n 0000aff0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b000: 2020 2020 2020 6764 6269 6e66 6f2e 2020 gdbinfo. \n-0000b010: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 (li\n-0000b020: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6765 7474 6578 743a ne 6).* gettext:\n+0000b000: 2020 6764 6269 6e66 6f2e 2020 2020 2020 gdbinfo. \n+0000b010: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n+0000b020: 290a 2a20 6765 7474 6578 743a 2020 2020 ).* gettext: \n 0000b030: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b040: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 g\n-0000b050: 6574 7465 7874 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ettext. \n-0000b060: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n-0000b070: 2067 7074 7379 6e63 3a20 2020 2020 2020 gptsync: \n+0000b040: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 6574 7465 gette\n+0000b050: 7874 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 xt. \n+0000b060: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2067 7074 (line 6).* gpt\n+0000b070: 7379 6e63 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 sync: \n 0000b080: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b090: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6770 7473 796e 632e gptsync.\n-0000b0a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 (\n-0000b0b0: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6861 6c74 3a20 line 6).* halt: \n+0000b090: 2020 2020 6770 7473 796e 632e 2020 2020 gptsync. \n+0000b0a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 (line\n+0000b0b0: 2036 290a 2a20 6861 6c74 3a20 2020 2020 6).* halt: \n 0000b0c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b0d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b0e0: 2068 616c 742e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 halt. \n-0000b0f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n-0000b100: 0a2a 2068 6173 6873 756d 3a20 2020 2020 .* hashsum: \n+0000b0d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2068 616c hal\n+0000b0e0: 742e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t. \n+0000b0f0: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2068 (line 6).* h\n+0000b100: 6173 6873 756d 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ashsum: \n 0000b110: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b120: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6861 7368 7375 hashsu\n-0000b130: 6d2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 m. \n-0000b140: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6865 6c70 (line 6).* help\n-0000b150: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0000b160: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b170: 2020 2068 656c 702e 2020 2020 2020 2020 help. \n-0000b180: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n-0000b190: 3629 0a2a 2068 6578 6475 6d70 3a20 2020 6).* hexdump: \n+0000b120: 2020 2020 2020 6861 7368 7375 6d2e 2020 hashsum. \n+0000b130: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 (li\n+0000b140: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6865 6c70 3a20 2020 ne 6).* help: \n+0000b150: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000b160: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2068 h\n+0000b170: 656c 702e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 elp. \n+0000b180: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n+0000b190: 2068 6578 6475 6d70 3a20 2020 2020 2020 hexdump: \n 0000b1a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b1b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6865 7864 hexd\n-0000b1c0: 756d 702e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ump. \n-0000b1d0: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 696e (line 6).* in\n-0000b1e0: 6974 7264 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 itrd: \n+0000b1b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6865 7864 756d 702e hexdump.\n+0000b1c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 (\n+0000b1d0: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 696e 6974 7264 line 6).* initrd\n+0000b1e0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n 0000b1f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b200: 2020 2020 2069 6e69 7472 642e 2020 2020 initrd. \n-0000b210: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e (lin\n-0000b220: 6520 3629 0a2a 2069 6e69 7472 6431 363a e 6).* initrd16:\n+0000b200: 2069 6e69 7472 642e 2020 2020 2020 2020 initrd. \n+0000b210: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n+0000b220: 0a2a 2069 6e69 7472 6431 363a 2020 2020 .* initrd16: \n 0000b230: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b240: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 696e in\n-0000b250: 6974 7264 3136 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 itrd16. \n-0000b260: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n-0000b270: 696e 736d 6f64 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 insmod: \n+0000b240: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 696e 6974 7264 initrd\n+0000b250: 3136 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 16. \n+0000b260: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 696e 736d (line 6).* insm\n+0000b270: 6f64 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 od: \n 0000b280: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b290: 2020 2020 2020 2069 6e73 6d6f 642e 2020 insmod. \n-0000b2a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c (l\n-0000b2b0: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206b 6579 7374 6174 ine 6).* keystat\n-0000b2c0: 7573 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 us: \n-0000b2d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b2e0: 6b65 7973 7461 7475 732e 2020 2020 2020 keystatus. \n-0000b2f0: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n-0000b300: 2a20 6c69 6e75 783a 2020 2020 2020 2020 * linux: \n+0000b290: 2020 2069 6e73 6d6f 642e 2020 2020 2020 insmod. \n+0000b2a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n+0000b2b0: 3629 0a2a 206b 6579 7374 6174 7573 3a20 6).* keystatus: \n+0000b2c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000b2d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6b65 7973 keys\n+0000b2e0: 7461 7475 732e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 tatus. \n+0000b2f0: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6c69 (line 6).* li\n+0000b300: 6e75 783a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 nux: \n 0000b310: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b320: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 696e 7578 2e20 linux. \n-0000b330: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b340: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206c 696e 7578 (line 6).* linux\n-0000b350: 3136 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 16: \n-0000b360: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b370: 2020 6c69 6e75 7831 362e 2020 2020 2020 linux16. \n-0000b380: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n-0000b390: 290a 2a20 6c69 7374 5f65 6e76 3a20 2020 ).* list_env: \n+0000b320: 2020 2020 206c 696e 7578 2e20 2020 2020 linux. \n+0000b330: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e (lin\n+0000b340: 6520 3629 0a2a 206c 696e 7578 3136 3a20 e 6).* linux16: \n+0000b350: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000b360: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6c69 li\n+0000b370: 6e75 7831 362e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 nux16. \n+0000b380: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n+0000b390: 6c69 7374 5f65 6e76 3a20 2020 2020 2020 list_env: \n 0000b3a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b3b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 6973 745f list_\n-0000b3c0: 656e 762e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 env. \n-0000b3d0: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206c 6973 (line 6).* lis\n-0000b3e0: 745f 7472 7573 7465 643a 2020 2020 2020 t_trusted: \n+0000b3b0: 2020 2020 2020 206c 6973 745f 656e 762e list_env.\n+0000b3c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c (l\n+0000b3d0: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206c 6973 745f 7472 ine 6).* list_tr\n+0000b3e0: 7573 7465 643a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 usted: \n 0000b3f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b400: 2020 2020 6c69 7374 5f74 7275 7374 6564 list_trusted\n-0000b410: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 . (line\n-0000b420: 2036 290a 2a20 6c6f 6164 5f65 6e76 3a20 6).* load_env: \n+0000b400: 6c69 7374 5f74 7275 7374 6564 2e20 2020 list_trusted. \n+0000b410: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n+0000b420: 2a20 6c6f 6164 5f65 6e76 3a20 2020 2020 * load_env: \n 0000b430: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b440: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 6f61 loa\n-0000b450: 645f 656e 762e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 d_env. \n-0000b460: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206c (line 6).* l\n-0000b470: 6f61 6466 6f6e 743a 2020 2020 2020 2020 oadfont: \n+0000b440: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 6f61 645f 656e load_en\n+0000b450: 762e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 v. \n+0000b460: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206c 6f61 6466 (line 6).* loadf\n+0000b470: 6f6e 743a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ont: \n 0000b480: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b490: 2020 2020 2020 6c6f 6164 666f 6e74 2e20 loadfont. \n-0000b4a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 (li\n-0000b4b0: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6c6f 6f70 6261 636b ne 6).* loopback\n-0000b4c0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0000b4d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c l\n-0000b4e0: 6f6f 7062 6163 6b2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 oopback. \n-0000b4f0: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n-0000b500: 206c 733a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ls: \n+0000b490: 2020 6c6f 6164 666f 6e74 2e20 2020 2020 loadfont. \n+0000b4a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n+0000b4b0: 290a 2a20 6c6f 6f70 6261 636b 3a20 2020 ).* loopback: \n+0000b4c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000b4d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 6f6f 7062 loopb\n+0000b4e0: 6163 6b2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ack. \n+0000b4f0: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206c 733a (line 6).* ls:\n+0000b500: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0000b510: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b520: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6c73 2e20 2020 2020 ls. \n-0000b530: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 (\n-0000b540: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6c73 666f 6e74 line 6).* lsfont\n-0000b550: 733a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 s: \n-0000b560: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b570: 206c 7366 6f6e 7473 2e20 2020 2020 2020 lsfonts. \n-0000b580: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n-0000b590: 0a2a 206c 736d 6f64 3a20 2020 2020 2020 .* lsmod: \n+0000b520: 2020 2020 6c73 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ls. \n+0000b530: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 (line\n+0000b540: 2036 290a 2a20 6c73 666f 6e74 733a 2020 6).* lsfonts: \n+0000b550: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000b560: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 7366 lsf\n+0000b570: 6f6e 7473 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 onts. \n+0000b580: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206c (line 6).* l\n+0000b590: 736d 6f64 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 smod: \n 0000b5a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b5b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6c73 6d6f 642e lsmod.\n-0000b5c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b5d0: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6d64 3573 (line 6).* md5s\n-0000b5e0: 756d 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 um: \n-0000b5f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b600: 2020 206d 6435 7375 6d2e 2020 2020 2020 md5sum. \n-0000b610: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n-0000b620: 3629 0a2a 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 3a20 6).* menuentry: \n+0000b5b0: 2020 2020 2020 6c73 6d6f 642e 2020 2020 lsmod. \n+0000b5c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 (li\n+0000b5d0: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6d64 3573 756d 3a20 ne 6).* md5sum: \n+0000b5e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000b5f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206d m\n+0000b600: 6435 7375 6d2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 d5sum. \n+0000b610: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n+0000b620: 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 3a20 2020 2020 menuentry: \n 0000b630: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b640: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 menu\n-0000b650: 656e 7472 792e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 entry. \n-0000b660: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6d6f (line 6).* mo\n-0000b670: 6475 6c65 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 dule: \n+0000b640: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 656e 7472 menuentr\n+0000b650: 792e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 y. (\n+0000b660: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6d6f 6475 6c65 line 6).* module\n+0000b670: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n 0000b680: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b690: 2020 2020 206d 6f64 756c 652e 2020 2020 module. \n-0000b6a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e (lin\n-0000b6b0: 6520 3629 0a2a 206d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 e 6).* multiboot\n-0000b6c0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0000b6d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d75 mu\n-0000b6e0: 6c74 6962 6f6f 742e 2020 2020 2020 2020 ltiboot. \n-0000b6f0: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n-0000b700: 6e61 7469 7665 6469 736b 3a20 2020 2020 nativedisk: \n+0000b690: 206d 6f64 756c 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 module. \n+0000b6a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n+0000b6b0: 0a2a 206d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 3a20 2020 .* multiboot: \n+0000b6c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000b6d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d75 6c74 6962 multib\n+0000b6e0: 6f6f 742e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 oot. \n+0000b6f0: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6e61 7469 (line 6).* nati\n+0000b700: 7665 6469 736b 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 vedisk: \n 0000b710: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b720: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6174 6976 6564 6973 nativedis\n-0000b730: 6b2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c k. (l\n-0000b740: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206e 6574 5f61 6464 ine 6).* net_add\n-0000b750: 5f61 6464 723a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 _addr: \n-0000b760: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b770: 6e65 745f 6164 645f 6164 6472 2e20 2020 net_add_addr. \n-0000b780: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n-0000b790: 2a20 6e65 745f 6164 645f 646e 733a 2020 * net_add_dns: \n+0000b720: 2020 206e 6174 6976 6564 6973 6b2e 2020 nativedisk. \n+0000b730: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n+0000b740: 3629 0a2a 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f61 6464 6).* net_add_add\n+0000b750: 723a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 r: \n+0000b760: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e65 745f net_\n+0000b770: 6164 645f 6164 6472 2e20 2020 2020 2020 add_addr. \n+0000b780: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6e65 (line 6).* ne\n+0000b790: 745f 6164 645f 646e 733a 2020 2020 2020 t_add_dns: \n 0000b7a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b7b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6574 5f61 6464 net_add\n-0000b7c0: 5f64 6e73 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 _dns. \n-0000b7d0: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206e 6574 5f61 (line 6).* net_a\n-0000b7e0: 6464 5f72 6f75 7465 3a20 2020 2020 2020 dd_route: \n-0000b7f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b800: 2020 6e65 745f 6164 645f 726f 7574 652e net_add_route.\n-0000b810: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n-0000b820: 290a 2a20 6e65 745f 626f 6f74 703a 2020 ).* net_bootp: \n+0000b7b0: 2020 2020 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f64 6e73 net_add_dns\n+0000b7c0: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e . (lin\n+0000b7d0: 6520 3629 0a2a 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f72 e 6).* net_add_r\n+0000b7e0: 6f75 7465 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 oute: \n+0000b7f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e65 ne\n+0000b800: 745f 6164 645f 726f 7574 652e 2020 2020 t_add_route. \n+0000b810: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n+0000b820: 6e65 745f 626f 6f74 703a 2020 2020 2020 net_bootp: \n 0000b830: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b840: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6574 5f62 net_b\n-0000b850: 6f6f 7470 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ootp. \n-0000b860: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206e 6574 (line 6).* net\n-0000b870: 5f64 656c 5f61 6464 723a 2020 2020 2020 _del_addr: \n+0000b840: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6574 5f62 6f6f 7470 net_bootp\n+0000b850: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c . (l\n+0000b860: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206e 6574 5f64 656c ine 6).* net_del\n+0000b870: 5f61 6464 723a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 _addr: \n 0000b880: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b890: 2020 2020 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 6164 6472 net_del_addr\n-0000b8a0: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 . (line\n-0000b8b0: 2036 290a 2a20 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 646e 6).* net_del_dn\n-0000b8c0: 733a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 s: \n-0000b8d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6574 net\n-0000b8e0: 5f64 656c 5f64 6e73 2e20 2020 2020 2020 _del_dns. \n-0000b8f0: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206e (line 6).* n\n-0000b900: 6574 5f64 656c 5f72 6f75 7465 3a20 2020 et_del_route: \n+0000b890: 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 6164 6472 2e20 2020 net_del_addr. \n+0000b8a0: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n+0000b8b0: 2a20 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 646e 733a 2020 * net_del_dns: \n+0000b8c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000b8d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6574 5f64 656c net_del\n+0000b8e0: 5f64 6e73 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 _dns. \n+0000b8f0: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206e 6574 5f64 (line 6).* net_d\n+0000b900: 656c 5f72 6f75 7465 3a20 2020 2020 2020 el_route: \n 0000b910: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b920: 2020 2020 2020 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 726f net_del_ro\n-0000b930: 7574 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 ute. (li\n-0000b940: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6e65 745f 6468 6370 ne 6).* net_dhcp\n-0000b950: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0000b960: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e n\n-0000b970: 6574 5f64 6863 702e 2020 2020 2020 2020 et_dhcp. \n-0000b980: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n-0000b990: 206e 6574 5f67 6574 5f64 6863 705f 6f70 net_get_dhcp_op\n-0000b9a0: 7469 6f6e 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 tion: \n-0000b9b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e65 745f 6765 745f net_get_\n-0000b9c0: 6468 6370 5f6f 7074 696f 6e2e 2020 2028 dhcp_option. (\n-0000b9d0: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6e65 745f 6970 line 6).* net_ip\n-0000b9e0: 7636 5f61 7574 6f63 6f6e 663a 2020 2020 v6_autoconf: \n-0000b9f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000ba00: 206e 6574 5f69 7076 365f 6175 746f 636f net_ipv6_autoco\n-0000ba10: 6e66 2e20 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 nf. (line 6)\n-0000ba20: 0a2a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 6164 6472 3a20 .* net_ls_addr: \n+0000b920: 2020 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 726f 7574 652e net_del_route.\n+0000b930: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n+0000b940: 290a 2a20 6e65 745f 6468 6370 3a20 2020 ).* net_dhcp: \n+0000b950: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000b960: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6574 5f64 net_d\n+0000b970: 6863 702e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 hcp. \n+0000b980: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206e 6574 (line 6).* net\n+0000b990: 5f67 6574 5f64 6863 705f 6f70 7469 6f6e _get_dhcp_option\n+0000b9a0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n+0000b9b0: 2020 2020 6e65 745f 6765 745f 6468 6370 net_get_dhcp\n+0000b9c0: 5f6f 7074 696f 6e2e 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 _option. 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(li\n+0000ba60: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6e65 745f 6c73 5f63 ne 6).* net_ls_c\n+0000ba70: 6172 6473 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ards: \n+0000ba80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e n\n+0000ba90: 6574 5f6c 735f 6361 7264 732e 2020 2020 et_ls_cards. \n+0000baa0: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n+0000bab0: 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 646e 733a 2020 2020 net_ls_dns: \n 0000bac0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bad0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e65 745f net_\n-0000bae0: 6c73 5f64 6e73 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ls_dns. \n-0000baf0: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6e65 (line 6).* ne\n-0000bb00: 745f 6c73 5f72 6f75 7465 733a 2020 2020 t_ls_routes: \n+0000bad0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e65 745f 6c73 5f64 net_ls_d\n+0000bae0: 6e73 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 ns. (\n+0000baf0: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6e65 745f 6c73 line 6).* net_ls\n+0000bb00: 5f72 6f75 7465 733a 2020 2020 2020 2020 _routes: \n 0000bb10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bb20: 2020 2020 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 726f 7574 net_ls_rout\n-0000bb30: 6573 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e es. (lin\n-0000bb40: 6520 3629 0a2a 206e 6574 5f6e 736c 6f6f e 6).* net_nsloo\n-0000bb50: 6b75 703a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 kup: \n-0000bb60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e65 ne\n-0000bb70: 745f 6e73 6c6f 6f6b 7570 2e20 2020 2020 t_nslookup. \n-0000bb80: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n-0000bb90: 6e65 745f 7365 745f 766c 616e 3a20 2020 net_set_vlan: \n+0000bb20: 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 726f 7574 6573 2e20 net_ls_routes. \n+0000bb30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n+0000bb40: 0a2a 206e 6574 5f6e 736c 6f6f 6b75 703a .* net_nslookup:\n+0000bb50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000bb60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e65 745f 6e73 net_ns\n+0000bb70: 6c6f 6f6b 7570 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 lookup. \n+0000bb80: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6e65 745f (line 6).* net_\n+0000bb90: 7365 745f 766c 616e 3a20 2020 2020 2020 set_vlan: \n 0000bba0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bbb0: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6574 5f73 6574 5f76 net_set_v\n-0000bbc0: 6c61 6e2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c lan. (l\n-0000bbd0: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206e 6f72 6d61 6c3a ine 6).* normal:\n+0000bbb0: 2020 206e 6574 5f73 6574 5f76 6c61 6e2e net_set_vlan.\n+0000bbc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n+0000bbd0: 3629 0a2a 206e 6f72 6d61 6c3a 2020 2020 6).* normal: \n 0000bbe0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bbf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bc00: 6e6f 726d 616c 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 normal. \n-0000bc10: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n-0000bc20: 2a20 6e6f 726d 616c 5f65 7869 743a 2020 * normal_exit: \n+0000bbf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 726d norm\n+0000bc00: 616c 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 al. \n+0000bc10: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6e6f (line 6).* no\n+0000bc20: 726d 616c 5f65 7869 743a 2020 2020 2020 rmal_exit: \n 0000bc30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bc40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f72 6d61 6c5f normal_\n-0000bc50: 6578 6974 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 exit. \n-0000bc60: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2070 6172 7474 (line 6).* partt\n-0000bc70: 6f6f 6c3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ool: \n-0000bc80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bc90: 2020 7061 7274 746f 6f6c 2e20 2020 2020 parttool. \n-0000bca0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n-0000bcb0: 290a 2a20 7061 7373 776f 7264 3a20 2020 ).* password: \n+0000bc40: 2020 2020 206e 6f72 6d61 6c5f 6578 6974 normal_exit\n+0000bc50: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e . (lin\n+0000bc60: 6520 3629 0a2a 2070 6172 7474 6f6f 6c3a e 6).* parttool:\n+0000bc70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000bc80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 pa\n+0000bc90: 7274 746f 6f6c 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 rttool. \n+0000bca0: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n+0000bcb0: 7061 7373 776f 7264 3a20 2020 2020 2020 password: \n 0000bcc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bcd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 6173 7377 passw\n-0000bce0: 6f72 642e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ord. \n-0000bcf0: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2070 6173 (line 6).* pas\n-0000bd00: 7377 6f72 645f 7062 6b64 6632 3a20 2020 sword_pbkdf2: \n+0000bcd0: 2020 2020 2020 2070 6173 7377 6f72 642e password.\n+0000bce0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c (l\n+0000bcf0: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2070 6173 7377 6f72 ine 6).* passwor\n+0000bd00: 645f 7062 6b64 6632 3a20 2020 2020 2020 d_pbkdf2: \n 0000bd10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bd20: 2020 2020 7061 7373 776f 7264 5f70 626b password_pbk\n-0000bd30: 6466 322e 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 df2. (line\n-0000bd40: 2036 290a 2a20 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 6).* plainmount\n-0000bd50: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0000bd60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 6c61 pla\n-0000bd70: 696e 6d6f 756e 742e 2020 2020 2020 2020 inmount. \n-0000bd80: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2070 (line 6).* p\n-0000bd90: 6c61 793a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 lay: \n+0000bd20: 7061 7373 776f 7264 5f70 626b 6466 322e password_pbkdf2.\n+0000bd30: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n+0000bd40: 2a20 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 3a20 2020 * plainmount: \n+0000bd50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000bd60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f plainmo\n+0000bd70: 756e 742e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 unt. \n+0000bd80: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2070 6c61 793a (line 6).* play:\n+0000bd90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0000bda0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bdb0: 2020 2020 2020 706c 6179 2e20 2020 2020 play. \n-0000bdc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 (li\n-0000bdd0: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7072 6f62 653a 2020 ne 6).* probe: \n+0000bdb0: 2020 706c 6179 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 play. \n+0000bdc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n+0000bdd0: 290a 2a20 7072 6f62 653a 2020 2020 2020 ).* probe: \n 0000bde0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bdf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 p\n-0000be00: 726f 6265 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 robe. \n-0000be10: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n-0000be20: 2072 646d 7372 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 rdmsr: \n+0000bdf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 726f 6265 probe\n+0000be00: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+0000be10: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2072 646d (line 6).* rdm\n+0000be20: 7372 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 sr: \n 0000be30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000be40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7264 6d73 722e 2020 rdmsr. \n-0000be50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 (\n-0000be60: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7265 6164 3a20 line 6).* read: \n+0000be40: 2020 2020 7264 6d73 722e 2020 2020 2020 rdmsr. \n+0000be50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 (line\n+0000be60: 2036 290a 2a20 7265 6164 3a20 2020 2020 6).* read: \n 0000be70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000be80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000be90: 2072 6561 642e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 read. \n-0000bea0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n-0000beb0: 0a2a 2072 6562 6f6f 743a 2020 2020 2020 .* reboot: \n+0000be80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2072 6561 rea\n+0000be90: 642e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 d. \n+0000bea0: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2072 (line 6).* r\n+0000beb0: 6562 6f6f 743a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 eboot: \n 0000bec0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bed0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7265 626f 6f74 reboot\n-0000bee0: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-0000bef0: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7265 6765 (line 6).* rege\n-0000bf00: 7870 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 xp: \n-0000bf10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bf20: 2020 2072 6567 6578 702e 2020 2020 2020 regexp. \n-0000bf30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n-0000bf40: 3629 0a2a 2072 6d6d 6f64 3a20 2020 2020 6).* rmmod: \n+0000bed0: 2020 2020 2020 7265 626f 6f74 2e20 2020 reboot. \n+0000bee0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 (li\n+0000bef0: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7265 6765 7870 3a20 ne 6).* regexp: \n+0000bf00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000bf10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2072 r\n+0000bf20: 6567 6578 702e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 egexp. \n+0000bf30: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n+0000bf40: 2072 6d6d 6f64 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 rmmod: \n 0000bf50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bf60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 726d 6d6f rmmo\n-0000bf70: 642e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 d. \n-0000bf80: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7361 (line 6).* sa\n-0000bf90: 7665 5f65 6e76 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ve_env: \n+0000bf60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 726d 6d6f 642e 2020 rmmod. \n+0000bf70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 (\n+0000bf80: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7361 7665 5f65 line 6).* save_e\n+0000bf90: 6e76 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 nv: \n 0000bfa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bfb0: 2020 2020 2073 6176 655f 656e 762e 2020 save_env. \n-0000bfc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e (lin\n-0000bfd0: 6520 3629 0a2a 2073 6561 7263 683a 2020 e 6).* search: \n+0000bfb0: 2073 6176 655f 656e 762e 2020 2020 2020 save_env. \n+0000bfc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n+0000bfd0: 0a2a 2073 6561 7263 683a 2020 2020 2020 .* search: \n 0000bfe0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bff0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 se\n-0000c000: 6172 6368 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 arch. \n-0000c010: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n-0000c020: 7365 6e64 6b65 793a 2020 2020 2020 2020 sendkey: \n+0000bff0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 6172 6368 search\n+0000c000: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+0000c010: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7365 6e64 (line 6).* send\n+0000c020: 6b65 793a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 key: \n 0000c030: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c040: 2020 2020 2020 2073 656e 646b 6579 2e20 sendkey. \n-0000c050: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c (l\n-0000c060: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2073 6572 6961 6c3a ine 6).* serial:\n+0000c040: 2020 2073 656e 646b 6579 2e20 2020 2020 sendkey. \n+0000c050: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n+0000c060: 3629 0a2a 2073 6572 6961 6c3a 2020 2020 6).* serial: \n 0000c070: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c080: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c090: 7365 7269 616c 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 serial. \n-0000c0a0: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n-0000c0b0: 2a20 7365 743a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 * set: \n+0000c080: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 7269 seri\n+0000c090: 616c 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 al. \n+0000c0a0: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7365 (line 6).* se\n+0000c0b0: 743a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t: \n 0000c0c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c0d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 6574 2e20 2020 set. \n-0000c0e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c0f0: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2073 6861 3173 (line 6).* sha1s\n-0000c100: 756d 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 um: \n-0000c110: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c120: 2020 7368 6131 7375 6d2e 2020 2020 2020 sha1sum. \n-0000c130: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n-0000c140: 290a 2a20 7368 6132 3536 7375 6d3a 2020 ).* sha256sum: \n+0000c0d0: 2020 2020 2073 6574 2e20 2020 2020 2020 set. \n+0000c0e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e (lin\n+0000c0f0: 6520 3629 0a2a 2073 6861 3173 756d 3a20 e 6).* sha1sum: \n+0000c100: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000c110: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7368 sh\n+0000c120: 6131 7375 6d2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 a1sum. \n+0000c130: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n+0000c140: 7368 6132 3536 7375 6d3a 2020 2020 2020 sha256sum: \n 0000c150: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c160: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 6861 3235 sha25\n-0000c170: 3673 756d 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6sum. \n-0000c180: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2073 6861 (line 6).* sha\n-0000c190: 3531 3273 756d 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 512sum: \n+0000c160: 2020 2020 2020 2073 6861 3235 3673 756d sha256sum\n+0000c170: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c . (l\n+0000c180: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2073 6861 3531 3273 ine 6).* sha512s\n+0000c190: 756d 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 um: \n 0000c1a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c1b0: 2020 2020 7368 6135 3132 7375 6d2e 2020 sha512sum. \n-0000c1c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 (line\n-0000c1d0: 2036 290a 2a20 736c 6565 703a 2020 2020 6).* sleep: \n+0000c1b0: 7368 6135 3132 7375 6d2e 2020 2020 2020 sha512sum. \n+0000c1c0: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n+0000c1d0: 2a20 736c 6565 703a 2020 2020 2020 2020 * sleep: \n 0000c1e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c1f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 6c65 sle\n-0000c200: 6570 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ep. \n-0000c210: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2073 (line 6).* s\n-0000c220: 6d62 696f 733a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 mbios: \n+0000c1f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 6c65 6570 2e20 sleep. \n+0000c200: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000c210: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2073 6d62 696f (line 6).* smbio\n+0000c220: 733a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 s: \n 0000c230: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c240: 2020 2020 2020 736d 6269 6f73 2e20 2020 smbios. \n-0000c250: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 (li\n-0000c260: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 736f 7572 6365 3a20 ne 6).* source: \n+0000c240: 2020 736d 6269 6f73 2e20 2020 2020 2020 smbios. \n+0000c250: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n+0000c260: 290a 2a20 736f 7572 6365 3a20 2020 2020 ).* source: \n 0000c270: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c280: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 s\n-0000c290: 6f75 7263 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ource. \n-0000c2a0: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n-0000c2b0: 2073 7562 6d65 6e75 3a20 2020 2020 2020 submenu: \n+0000c280: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 6f75 7263 sourc\n+0000c290: 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e. \n+0000c2a0: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2073 7562 (line 6).* sub\n+0000c2b0: 6d65 6e75 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 menu: \n 0000c2c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c2d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7375 626d 656e 752e submenu.\n-0000c2e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 (\n-0000c2f0: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7465 726d 696e line 6).* termin\n-0000c300: 616c 5f69 6e70 7574 3a20 2020 2020 2020 al_input: \n-0000c310: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c320: 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 696e 7075 742e terminal_input.\n-0000c330: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n-0000c340: 0a2a 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 6f75 7470 .* terminal_outp\n-0000c350: 7574 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ut: \n-0000c360: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7465 726d 696e termin\n-0000c370: 616c 5f6f 7574 7075 742e 2020 2020 2020 al_output. \n-0000c380: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7465 726d (line 6).* term\n-0000c390: 696e 666f 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 info: \n-0000c3a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c3b0: 2020 2074 6572 6d69 6e66 6f2e 2020 2020 terminfo. \n-0000c3c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n-0000c3d0: 3629 0a2a 2074 6573 743a 2020 2020 2020 6).* test: \n+0000c2d0: 2020 2020 7375 626d 656e 752e 2020 2020 submenu. \n+0000c2e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 (line\n+0000c2f0: 2036 290a 2a20 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f69 6).* terminal_i\n+0000c300: 6e70 7574 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 nput: \n+0000c310: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6572 ter\n+0000c320: 6d69 6e61 6c5f 696e 7075 742e 2020 2020 minal_input. \n+0000c330: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2074 (line 6).* t\n+0000c340: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 6f75 7470 7574 3a20 erminal_output: \n+0000c350: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000c360: 2020 2020 2020 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f6f terminal_o\n+0000c370: 7574 7075 742e 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 utput. (li\n+0000c380: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7465 726d 696e 666f ne 6).* terminfo\n+0000c390: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n+0000c3a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 t\n+0000c3b0: 6572 6d69 6e66 6f2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 erminfo. \n+0000c3c0: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n+0000c3d0: 2074 6573 743a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 test: \n 0000c3e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c3f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7465 7374 test\n-0000c400: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-0000c410: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7472 (line 6).* tr\n-0000c420: 7565 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ue: \n+0000c3f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7465 7374 2e20 2020 test. \n+0000c400: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 (\n+0000c410: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7472 7565 3a20 line 6).* true: \n+0000c420: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0000c430: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c440: 2020 2020 2074 7275 652e 2020 2020 2020 true. \n-0000c450: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e (lin\n-0000c460: 6520 3629 0a2a 2074 7275 7374 3a20 2020 e 6).* trust: \n+0000c440: 2074 7275 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 true. \n+0000c450: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n+0000c460: 0a2a 2074 7275 7374 3a20 2020 2020 2020 .* trust: \n 0000c470: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c480: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7472 tr\n-0000c490: 7573 742e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ust. \n-0000c4a0: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n-0000c4b0: 756e 7365 743a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 unset: \n+0000c480: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7472 7573 742e trust.\n+0000c490: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000c4a0: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 756e 7365 (line 6).* unse\n+0000c4b0: 743a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t: \n 0000c4c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c4d0: 2020 2020 2020 2075 6e73 6574 2e20 2020 unset. \n-0000c4e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c (l\n-0000c4f0: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2076 6572 6966 795f ine 6).* verify_\n-0000c500: 6465 7461 6368 6564 3a20 2020 2020 2020 detached: \n-0000c510: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c520: 7665 7269 6679 5f64 6574 6163 6865 642e verify_detached.\n-0000c530: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n-0000c540: 2a20 7669 6465 6f69 6e66 6f3a 2020 2020 * videoinfo: \n+0000c4d0: 2020 2075 6e73 6574 2e20 2020 2020 2020 unset. \n+0000c4e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n+0000c4f0: 3629 0a2a 2076 6572 6966 795f 6465 7461 6).* verify_deta\n+0000c500: 6368 6564 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ched: \n+0000c510: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7665 7269 veri\n+0000c520: 6679 5f64 6574 6163 6865 642e 2020 2020 fy_detached. \n+0000c530: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7669 (line 6).* vi\n+0000c540: 6465 6f69 6e66 6f3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 deoinfo: \n 0000c550: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c560: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2076 6964 656f 696e videoin\n-0000c570: 666f 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 fo. \n-0000c580: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2077 726d 7372 (line 6).* wrmsr\n-0000c590: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0000c5a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c5b0: 2020 7772 6d73 722e 2020 2020 2020 2020 wrmsr. \n-0000c5c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n-0000c5d0: 290a 2a20 7865 6e5f 6879 7065 7276 6973 ).* xen_hypervis\n-0000c5e0: 6f72 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 or: \n-0000c5f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2078 656e 5f68 xen_h\n-0000c600: 7970 6572 7669 736f 722e 2020 2020 2020 ypervisor. \n-0000c610: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2078 656e (line 6).* xen\n-0000c620: 5f6d 6f64 756c 653a 2020 2020 2020 2020 _module: \n+0000c560: 2020 2020 2076 6964 656f 696e 666f 2e20 videoinfo. \n+0000c570: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e (lin\n+0000c580: 6520 3629 0a2a 2077 726d 7372 3a20 2020 e 6).* wrmsr: \n+0000c590: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000c5a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7772 wr\n+0000c5b0: 6d73 722e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 msr. \n+0000c5c0: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n+0000c5d0: 7865 6e5f 6879 7065 7276 6973 6f72 3a20 xen_hypervisor: \n+0000c5e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000c5f0: 2020 2020 2020 2078 656e 5f68 7970 6572 xen_hyper\n+0000c600: 7669 736f 722e 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c visor. 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Copyrig\n-00000090: 6874 20c2 a90a 3139 3939 2c32 3030 302c ht ...1999,2000,\n-000000a0: 3230 3031 2c32 3030 322c 3230 3034 2c32 2001,2002,2004,2\n-000000b0: 3030 362c 3230 3038 2c32 3030 392c 3230 006,2008,2009,20\n-000000c0: 3130 2c32 3031 312c 3230 3132 2c32 3031 10,2011,2012,201\n-000000d0: 3320 4672 6565 0a53 6f66 7477 6172 6520 3 Free.Software \n-000000e0: 466f 756e 6461 7469 6f6e 2c20 496e 632e Foundation, Inc.\n-000000f0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2050 6572 6d69 7373 696f .. Permissio\n-00000100: 6e20 6973 2067 7261 6e74 6564 2074 6f20 n is granted to \n-00000110: 636f 7079 2c20 6469 7374 7269 6275 7465 copy, distribute\n-00000120: 2061 6e64 2f6f 7220 6d6f 6469 6679 2074 and/or modify t\n-00000130: 6869 730a 2020 2020 2064 6f63 756d 656e his. documen\n-00000140: 7420 756e 6465 7220 7468 6520 7465 726d t under the term\n-00000150: 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2047 4e55 2046 7265 s of the GNU Fre\n-00000160: 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 e Documentation \n-00000170: 4c69 6365 6e73 652c 0a20 2020 2020 5665 License,. Ve\n-00000180: 7273 696f 6e20 312e 3220 6f72 2061 6e79 rsion 1.2 or any\n-00000190: 206c 6174 6572 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2070 later version p\n-000001a0: 7562 6c69 7368 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 ublished by the \n-000001b0: 4672 6565 2053 6f66 7477 6172 650a 2020 Free Software. \n-000001c0: 2020 2046 6f75 6e64 6174 696f 6e3b 2077 Foundation; w\n-000001d0: 6974 6820 6e6f 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 ith no Invariant\n-000001e0: 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 732e 0a49 4e46 4f2d Sections..INFO-\n-000001f0: 4449 522d 5345 4354 494f 4e20 4b65 726e DIR-SECTION Kern\n-00000200: 656c 0a53 5441 5254 2d49 4e46 4f2d 4449 el.START-INFO-DI\n-00000210: 522d 454e 5452 590a 2a20 4752 5542 3a20 R-ENTRY.* GRUB: \n-00000220: 2867 7275 6229 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 (grub). \n-00000230: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 4752 616e The GRan\n-00000240: 6420 556e 6966 6965 6420 426f 6f74 6c6f d Unified Bootlo\n-00000250: 6164 6572 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 ader.* grub-inst\n-00000260: 616c 6c3a 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b all: (grub)Invok\n-00000270: 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c ing grub-install\n-00000280: 2e20 2020 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 . Install GRU\n-00000290: 4220 6f6e 2079 6f75 7220 6472 6976 650a B on your drive.\n-000002a0: 2a20 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 673a * grub-mkconfig:\n-000002b0: 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 (grub)Invoking \n-000002c0: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 672e 2020 grub-mkconfig. \n-000002d0: 4765 6e65 7261 7465 2047 5255 4220 636f Generate GRUB co\n-000002e0: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e0a 2a20 6772 nfiguration.* gr\n-000002f0: 7562 2d6d 6b70 6173 7377 642d 7062 6b64 ub-mkpasswd-pbkd\n-00000300: 6632 3a20 2867 7275 6229 496e 766f 6b69 f2: (grub)Invoki\n-00000310: 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 7373 7764 ng grub-mkpasswd\n-00000320: 2d70 626b 6466 322e 0a2a 2067 7275 622d -pbkdf2..* grub-\n-00000330: 6d6b 7265 6c70 6174 683a 2028 6772 7562 mkrelpath: (grub\n-00000340: 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d )Invoking grub-m\n-00000350: 6b72 656c 7061 7468 2e0a 2a20 6772 7562 krelpath..* grub\n-00000360: 2d6d 6b72 6573 6375 653a 2028 6772 7562 -mkrescue: (grub\n-00000370: 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d )Invoking grub-m\n-00000380: 6b72 6573 6375 652e 2020 4d61 6b65 2061 krescue. Make a\n-00000390: 2047 5255 4220 7265 7363 7565 2069 6d61 GRUB rescue ima\n-000003a0: 6765 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 6d6f 756e 743a ge.* grub-mount:\n-000003b0: 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 (grub)Invoking \n-000003c0: 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 2e20 2020 2020 grub-mount. \n-000003d0: 2020 204d 6f75 6e74 2061 2066 696c 6520 Mount a file \n-000003e0: 7379 7374 656d 2075 7369 6e67 2047 5255 system using GRU\n-000003f0: 420a 2a20 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 3a20 B.* grub-probe: \n-00000400: 2867 7275 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 (grub)Invoking g\n-00000410: 7275 622d 7072 6f62 652e 2020 2020 2020 rub-probe. \n-00000420: 2020 5072 6f62 6520 6465 7669 6365 2069 Probe device i\n-00000430: 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 0a2a 2067 7275 nformation.* gru\n-00000440: 622d 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 3a20 b-script-check: \n-00000450: 2867 7275 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 (grub)Invoking g\n-00000460: 7275 622d 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b rub-script-check\n-00000470: 2e0a 454e 442d 494e 464f 2d44 4952 2d45 ..END-INFO-DIR-E\n-00000480: 4e54 5259 0a0a 1f0a 496e 6469 7265 6374 NTRY....Indirect\n-00000490: 3a0a 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2d 313a 2031 :.grub.info-1: 1\n-000004a0: 3135 380a 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2d 323a 158.grub.info-2:\n-000004b0: 2033 3033 3338 340a 1f0a 5461 6720 5461 303384...Tag Ta\n-000004c0: 626c 653a 0a28 496e 6469 7265 6374 290a ble:.(Indirect).\n-000004d0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 546f 707f 3131 3538 0a4e Node: Top.1158.N\n-000004e0: 6f64 653a 2049 6e74 726f 6475 6374 696f ode: Introductio\n-000004f0: 6e7f 3337 3331 0a4e 6f64 653a 204f 7665 n.3731.Node: Ove\n-00000500: 7276 6965 777f 3431 3735 0a4e 6f64 653a rview.4175.Node:\n-00000510: 204f 7665 7276 6965 772d 466f 6f74 6e6f Overview-Footno\n-00000520: 7465 737f 3631 3733 0a52 6566 3a20 4f76 tes.6173.Ref: Ov\n-00000530: 6572 7669 6577 2d46 6f6f 746e 6f74 652d erview-Footnote-\n-00000540: 317f 3632 3334 0a4e 6f64 653a 2048 6973 1.6234.Node: His\n-00000550: 746f 7279 7f36 3430 300a 4e6f 6465 3a20 tory.6400.Node: \n-00000560: 4368 616e 6765 7320 6672 6f6d 2047 5255 Changes from GRU\n-00000570: 4220 4c65 6761 6379 7f38 3439 300a 4e6f B Legacy.8490.No\n-00000580: 6465 3a20 4665 6174 7572 6573 7f31 3130 de: Features.110\n-00000590: 3234 0a4e 6f64 653a 2046 6561 7475 7265 24.Node: Feature\n-000005a0: 732d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 737f 3137 3539 s-Footnotes.1759\n-000005b0: 330a 5265 663a 2046 6561 7475 7265 732d 3.Ref: Features-\n-000005c0: 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d31 7f31 3736 3534 Footnote-1.17654\n-000005d0: 0a52 6566 3a20 4665 6174 7572 6573 2d46 .Ref: Features-F\n-000005e0: 6f6f 746e 6f74 652d 327f 3137 3735 300a ootnote-2.17750.\n-000005f0: 5265 663a 2046 6561 7475 7265 732d 466f Ref: Features-Fo\n-00000600: 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d33 7f31 3738 3937 0a4e otnote-3.17897.N\n-00000610: 6f64 653a 2052 6f6c 6520 6f66 2061 2062 ode: Role of a b\n-00000620: 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 7f31 3830 3432 oot loader.18042\n-00000630: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2052 6f6c 6520 6f66 2061 .Node: Role of a\n-00000640: 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 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e: boot.191694.N\n-00001590: 6f64 653a 2063 6174 7f31 3932 3030 310a ode: cat.192001.\n-000015a0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 636c 6561 727f 3139 3239 Node: clear.1929\n-000015b0: 3738 0a4e 6f64 653a 2063 6d6f 7363 6c65 78.Node: cmoscle\n-000015c0: 616e 7f31 3933 3134 310a 4e6f 6465 3a20 an.193141.Node: \n-000015d0: 636d 6f73 6475 6d70 7f31 3933 3433 300a cmosdump.193430.\n-000015e0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 636d 6f73 7465 7374 7f31 Node: cmostest.1\n-000015f0: 3933 3731 300a 4e6f 6465 3a20 636d 707f 93710.Node: cmp.\n-00001600: 3139 3430 3533 0a4e 6f64 653a 2063 6f6e 194053.Node: con\n-00001610: 6669 6766 696c 657f 3139 3438 3038 0a4e figfile.194808.N\n-00001620: 6f64 653a 2063 7075 6964 7f31 3935 3232 ode: cpuid.19522\n-00001630: 320a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6372 637f 3139 3537 2.Node: crc.1957\n-00001640: 3930 0a4e 6f64 653a 2063 7279 7074 6f6d 90.Node: cryptom\n-00001650: 6f75 6e74 7f31 3936 3035 370a 4e6f 6465 ount.196057.Node\n-00001660: 3a20 6375 746d 656d 7f31 3938 3332 370a : cutmem.198327.\n-00001670: 4e6f 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296.Node: gettex\n-00001760: 747f 3230 3638 3335 0a4e 6f64 653a 2067 t.206835.Node: g\n-00001770: 7074 7379 6e63 7f32 3037 3238 310a 4e6f ptsync.207281.No\n-00001780: 6465 3a20 6861 6c74 7f32 3038 3232 330a de: halt.208223.\n-00001790: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6861 7368 7375 6d7f 3230 Node: hashsum.20\n-000017a0: 3836 3033 0a4e 6f64 653a 2068 656c 707f 8603.Node: help.\n-000017b0: 3230 3939 3034 0a4e 6f64 653a 2068 6578 209904.Node: hex\n-000017c0: 6475 6d70 7f32 3130 3335 370a 4e6f 6465 dump.210357.Node\n-000017d0: 3a20 696e 736d 6f64 7f32 3130 3937 340a : insmod.210974.\n-000017e0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6b65 7973 7461 7475 737f Node: keystatus.\n-000017f0: 3231 3131 3830 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 6973 211180.Node: lis\n-00001800: 745f 656e 767f 3231 3138 3035 0a4e 6f64 t_env.211805.Nod\n-00001810: 653a 206c 6973 745f 7472 7573 7465 647f e: list_trusted.\n-00001820: 3231 3231 3630 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 6f61 212160.Node: loa\n-00001830: 645f 656e 767f 3231 3237 3336 0a4e 6f64 d_env.212736.Nod\n-00001840: 653a 206c 6f61 6466 6f6e 747f 3231 3434 e: loadfont.2144\n-00001850: 3232 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 6f6f 7062 6163 22.Node: loopbac\n-00001860: 6b7f 3231 3437 3836 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c k.214786.Node: l\n-00001870: 737f 3231 3533 3738 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c s.215378.Node: l\n-00001880: 7366 6f6e 7473 7f32 3135 3930 350a 4e6f sfonts.215905.No\n-00001890: 6465 3a20 6c73 6d6f 647f 3231 3630 3732 de: lsmod.216072\n-000018a0: 0a4e 6f64 653a 206d 6435 7375 6d7f 3231 .Node: md5sum.21\n-000018b0: 3632 3437 0a4e 6f64 653a 206d 6f64 756c 6247.Node: modul\n-000018c0: 657f 3231 3635 3139 0a4e 6f64 653a 206d e.216519.Node: m\n-000018d0: 756c 7469 626f 6f74 7f32 3136 3831 360a ultiboot.216816.\n-000018e0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e61 7469 7665 6469 736b Node: nativedisk\n-000018f0: 7f32 3137 3931 340a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e6f .217914.Node: no\n-00001900: 726d 616c 7f32 3138 3239 380a 4e6f 6465 rmal.218298.Node\n-00001910: 3a20 6e6f 726d 616c 5f65 7869 747f 3231 : normal_exit.21\n-00001920: 3930 3636 0a4e 6f64 653a 2070 6172 7474 9066.Node: partt\n-00001930: 6f6f 6c7f 3231 3933 3733 0a4e 6f64 653a ool.219373.Node:\n-00001940: 2070 6173 7377 6f72 647f 3232 3039 3030 password.220900\n-00001950: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2070 6173 7377 6f72 645f .Node: password_\n-00001960: 7062 6b64 6632 7f32 3231 3136 370a 4e6f pbkdf2.221167.No\n-00001970: 6465 3a20 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 7f32 de: plainmount.2\n-00001980: 3231 3537 300a 4e6f 6465 3a20 706c 6169 21570.Node: plai\n-00001990: 6e6d 6f75 6e74 2d46 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 nmount-Footnotes\n-000019a0: 7f32 3235 3333 320a 5265 663a 2070 6c61 .225332.Ref: pla\n-000019b0: 696e 6d6f 756e 742d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 inmount-Footnote\n-000019c0: 2d31 7f32 3235 3339 370a 4e6f 6465 3a20 -1.225397.Node: \n-000019d0: 706c 6179 7f32 3235 3438 380a 4e6f 6465 play.225488.Node\n-000019e0: 3a20 7072 6f62 657f 3232 3632 3136 0a4e : probe.226216.N\n-000019f0: 6f64 653a 2072 646d 7372 7f32 3236 3638 ode: rdmsr.22668\n-00001a00: 370a 4e6f 6465 3a20 7265 6164 7f32 3237 7.Node: read.227\n-00001a10: 3435 390a 4e6f 6465 3a20 7265 626f 6f74 459.Node: reboot\n-00001a20: 7f32 3237 3930 320a 4e6f 6465 3a20 7265 .227902.Node: re\n-00001a30: 6765 7870 7f32 3238 3037 300a 4e6f 6465 gexp.228070.Node\n-00001a40: 3a20 726d 6d6f 647f 3232 3836 3032 0a4e : rmmod.228602.N\n-00001a50: 6f64 653a 2073 6176 655f 656e 767f 3232 ode: save_env.22\n-00001a60: 3837 3830 0a4e 6f64 653a 2073 6561 7263 8780.Node: searc\n-00001a70: 687f 3232 3937 3937 0a4e 6f64 653a 2073 h.229797.Node: s\n-00001a80: 656e 646b 6579 7f32 3331 3431 310a 4e6f endkey.231411.No\n-00001a90: 6465 3a20 7365 747f 3233 3739 3235 0a4e de: set.237925.N\n-00001aa0: 6f64 653a 2073 6861 3173 756d 7f32 3338 ode: sha1sum.238\n-00001ab0: 3333 370a 4e6f 6465 3a20 7368 6132 3536 337.Node: sha256\n-00001ac0: 7375 6d7f 3233 3836 3135 0a4e 6f64 653a sum.238615.Node:\n-00001ad0: 2073 6861 3531 3273 756d 7f32 3338 3930 sha512sum.23890\n-00001ae0: 370a 4e6f 6465 3a20 736c 6565 707f 3233 7.Node: sleep.23\n-00001af0: 3931 3937 0a4e 6f64 653a 2073 6d62 696f 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ode: Lockdown.28\n-00001ea0: 3136 3436 0a4e 6f64 653a 2050 6c61 7466 1646.Node: Platf\n-00001eb0: 6f72 6d20 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e 737f orm limitations.\n-00001ec0: 3238 3231 3437 0a4e 6f64 653a 2050 6c61 282147.Node: Pla\n-00001ed0: 7466 6f72 6d2d 7370 6563 6966 6963 206f tform-specific o\n-00001ee0: 7065 7261 7469 6f6e 737f 3239 3031 3536 perations.290156\n-00001ef0: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2053 7570 706f 7274 6564 .Node: Supported\n-00001f00: 206b 6572 6e65 6c73 7f32 3931 3234 370a kernels.291247.\n-00001f10: 4e6f 6465 3a20 5472 6f75 626c 6573 686f Node: Troublesho\n-00001f20: 6f74 696e 677f 3239 3838 3834 0a4e 6f64 oting.298884.Nod\n-00001f30: 653a 2047 5255 4220 6f6e 6c79 206f 6666 e: GRUB only off\n-00001f40: 6572 7320 6120 7265 7363 7565 2073 6865 ers a rescue she\n-00001f50: 6c6c 7f32 3939 3135 330a 4e6f 6465 3a20 ll.299153.Node: \n-00001f60: 4669 726d 7761 7265 2073 7461 6c6c 7320 Firmware stalls \n-00001f70: 696e 7374 6561 6420 6f66 2062 6f6f 7469 instead of booti\n-00001f80: 6e67 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9338.Node: gfxte\n+00000eb0: 726d 5f66 6f6e 747f 3135 3035 3238 0a4e rm_font.150528.N\n+00000ec0: 6f64 653a 2067 7275 625f 6370 757f 3135 ode: grub_cpu.15\n+00000ed0: 3038 3336 0a4e 6f64 653a 2067 7275 625f 0836.Node: grub_\n+00000ee0: 706c 6174 666f 726d 7f31 3531 3133 360a platform.151136.\n+00000ef0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6963 6f6e 6469 727f 3135 Node: icondir.15\n+00000f00: 3134 3430 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 616e 677f 1440.Node: lang.\n+00000f10: 3135 3137 3631 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 6f63 151761.Node: loc\n+00000f20: 616c 655f 6469 727f 3135 3232 3436 0a4e ale_dir.152246.N\n+00000f30: 6f64 653a 206c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e7f 3135 ode: lockdown.15\n+00000f40: 3237 3531 0a4e 6f64 653a 206d 656e 755f 2751.Node: menu_\n+00000f50: 636f 6c6f 725f 6869 6768 6c69 6768 747f color_highlight.\n+00000f60: 3135 3239 3937 0a4e 6f64 653a 206d 656e 152997.Node: men\n+00000f70: 755f 636f 6c6f 725f 6e6f 726d 616c 7f31 u_color_normal.1\n+00000f80: 3533 3439 390a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 53499.Node: net_\n+00000f90: 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 626f 6f74 _boot\n+00000fa0: 5f66 696c 657f 3135 3430 3038 0a4e 6f64 _file.154008.Nod\n+00000fb0: 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 e: net__clientid.1542\n+00000fd0: 3433 0a4e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 43.Node: net__clientu\n+00000ff0: 7569 647f 3135 3434 3835 0a4e 6f64 653a uid.154485.Node:\n+00001000: 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e net_\n+00001010: 5f64 6863 705f 7365 7276 6572 5f6e 616d _dhcp_server_nam\n+00001020: 657f 3135 3437 3338 0a4e 6f64 653a 206e e.154738.Node: n\n+00001030: 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f64 et__d\n+00001040: 6f6d 6169 6e7f 3135 3530 3031 0a4e 6f64 omain.155001.Nod\n+00001050: 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 e: net__extensionspat\n+00001070: 687f 3135 3532 3438 0a4e 6f64 653a 206e h.155248.Node: n\n+00001080: 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f68 et__h\n+00001090: 6f73 746e 616d 657f 3135 3535 3033 0a4e ostname.155503.N\n+000010a0: 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 ode: net__ip.155742.N\n+000010c0: 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 ode: net__mac.155958.\n+000010e0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 Node: net__next_serve\n+00001100: 727f 3135 3631 3739 0a4e 6f64 653a 206e r.156179.Node: n\n+00001110: 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f72 et__r\n+00001120: 6f6f 7470 6174 687f 3135 3634 3232 0a4e ootpath.156422.N\n+00001130: 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 ode: net_default\n+00001140: 5f69 6e74 6572 6661 6365 7f31 3536 3636 _interface.15666\n+00001150: 310a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6661 1.Node: net_defa\n+00001160: 756c 745f 6970 7f31 3536 3838 310a 4e6f ult_ip.156881.No\n+00001170: 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f de: net_default_\n+00001180: 6d61 637f 3135 3730 3738 0a4e 6f64 653a mac.157078.Node:\n+00001190: 206e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f73 6572 net_default_ser\n+000011a0: 7665 727f 3135 3732 3734 0a4e 6f64 653a ver.157274.Node:\n+000011b0: 2070 6167 6572 7f31 3537 3436 370a 4e6f pager.157467.No\n+000011c0: 6465 3a20 7072 6566 6978 7f31 3537 3732 de: prefix.15772\n+000011d0: 370a 4e6f 6465 3a20 7078 655f 626c 6b73 7.Node: pxe_blks\n+000011e0: 697a 657f 3135 3831 3834 0a4e 6f64 653a ize.158184.Node:\n+000011f0: 2070 7865 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f67 6174 pxe_default_gat\n+00001200: 6577 6179 7f31 3538 3336 310a 4e6f 6465 eway.158361.Node\n+00001210: 3a20 7078 655f 6465 6661 756c 745f 7365 : pxe_default_se\n+00001220: 7276 6572 7f31 3538 3536 360a 4e6f 6465 rver.158566.Node\n+00001230: 3a20 726f 6f74 7f31 3538 3736 320a 4e6f : root.158762.No\n+00001240: 6465 3a20 7368 696d 5f6c 6f63 6b7f 3135 de: shim_lock.15\n+00001250: 3933 3232 0a4e 6f64 653a 2073 7570 6572 9322.Node: super\n+00001260: 7573 6572 737f 3135 3935 3933 0a4e 6f64 users.159593.Nod\n+00001270: 653a 2074 6865 6d65 7f31 3539 3834 360a e: theme.159846.\n+00001280: 4e6f 6465 3a20 7469 6d65 6f75 747f 3136 Node: timeout.16\n+00001290: 3031 3731 0a4e 6f64 653a 2074 696d 656f 0171.Node: timeo\n+000012a0: 7574 5f73 7479 6c65 7f31 3630 3833 320a ut_style.160832.\n+000012b0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 7470 6d5f 6661 696c 5f66 Node: tpm_fail_f\n+000012c0: 6174 616c 7f31 3631 3235 360a 4e6f 6465 atal.161256.Node\n+000012d0: 3a20 456e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c : Environment bl\n+000012e0: 6f63 6b7f 3136 3139 3431 0a4e 6f64 653a ock.161941.Node:\n+000012f0: 204d 6f64 756c 6573 7f31 3633 3339 370a Modules.163397.\n+00001300: 4e6f 6465 3a20 626c 697f 3136 3336 3832 Node: bli.163682\n+00001310: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 737f .Node: Commands.\n+00001320: 3136 3436 3631 0a4e 6f64 653a 204d 656e 164661.Node: Men\n+00001330: 752d 7370 6563 6966 6963 2063 6f6d 6d61 u-specific comma\n+00001340: 6e64 737f 3136 3535 3530 0a4e 6f64 653a nds.165550.Node:\n+00001350: 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 7f31 3636 3236 menuentry.16626\n+00001360: 390a 4e6f 6465 3a20 7375 626d 656e 757f 9.Node: submenu.\n+00001370: 3136 3738 3538 0a4e 6f64 653a 204c 6f61 167858.Node: Loa\n+00001380: 6465 7220 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 7f31 3638 der commands.168\n+00001390: 3339 310a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6368 6169 6e6c 391.Node: chainl\n+000013a0: 6f61 6465 727f 3137 3038 3837 0a4e 6f64 oader.170887.Nod\n+000013b0: 653a 2069 6e69 7472 647f 3137 3135 3830 e: initrd.171580\n+000013c0: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2069 6e69 7472 6431 367f .Node: initrd16.\n+000013d0: 3137 3337 3736 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 696e 173776.Node: lin\n+000013e0: 7578 7f31 3734 3338 320a 4e6f 6465 3a20 ux.174382.Node: \n+000013f0: 6c69 6e75 7831 367f 3137 3532 3839 0a4e linux16.175289.N\n+00001400: 6f64 653a 2078 656e 5f68 7970 6572 7669 ode: xen_hypervi\n+00001410: 736f 727f 3137 3539 3934 0a4e 6f64 653a sor.175994.Node:\n+00001420: 2078 656e 5f6d 6f64 756c 657f 3137 3634 xen_module.1764\n+00001430: 3338 0a4e 6f64 653a 2047 656e 6572 616c 38.Node: General\n+00001440: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 737f 3137 3639 3339 commands.176939\n+00001450: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2073 6572 6961 6c7f 3137 .Node: serial.17\n+00001460: 3733 3839 0a4e 6f64 653a 2074 6572 6d69 7389.Node: termi\n+00001470: 6e61 6c5f 696e 7075 747f 3137 3932 3631 nal_input.179261\n+00001480: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f .Node: terminal_\n+00001490: 6f75 7470 7574 7f31 3739 3933 310a 4e6f output.179931.No\n+000014a0: 6465 3a20 7465 726d 696e 666f 7f31 3830 de: terminfo.180\n+000014b0: 3630 320a 4e6f 6465 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 602.Node: Comman\n+000014c0: 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 737f d-line commands.\n+000014d0: 3138 3138 3839 0a4e 6f64 653a 205b 7f31 181889.Node: [.1\n+000014e0: 3837 3032 360a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6163 7069 87026.Node: acpi\n+000014f0: 7f31 3837 3139 370a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6175 .187197.Node: au\n+00001500: 7468 656e 7469 6361 7465 7f31 3838 3436 thenticate.18846\n+00001510: 390a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6261 636b 6772 6f75 9.Node: backgrou\n+00001520: 6e64 5f63 6f6c 6f72 7f31 3838 3838 390a nd_color.188889.\n+00001530: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 Node: background\n+00001540: 5f69 6d61 6765 7f31 3839 3535 310a 4e6f _image.189551.No\n+00001550: 6465 3a20 6261 6472 616d 7f31 3930 3039 de: badram.19009\n+00001560: 320a 4e6f 6465 3a20 626c 6f63 6b6c 6973 2.Node: blocklis\n+00001570: 747f 3139 3134 3637 0a4e 6f64 653a 2062 t.191467.Node: b\n+00001580: 6f6f 747f 3139 3136 3836 0a4e 6f64 653a oot.191686.Node:\n+00001590: 2063 6174 7f31 3931 3939 330a 4e6f 6465 cat.191993.Node\n+000015a0: 3a20 636c 6561 727f 3139 3239 3730 0a4e : clear.192970.N\n+000015b0: 6f64 653a 2063 6d6f 7363 6c65 616e 7f31 ode: cmosclean.1\n+000015c0: 3933 3133 330a 4e6f 6465 3a20 636d 6f73 93133.Node: cmos\n+000015d0: 6475 6d70 7f31 3933 3432 320a 4e6f 6465 dump.193422.Node\n+000015e0: 3a20 636d 6f73 7465 7374 7f31 3933 3730 : cmostest.19370\n+000015f0: 320a 4e6f 6465 3a20 636d 707f 3139 3430 2.Node: cmp.1940\n+00001600: 3435 0a4e 6f64 653a 2063 6f6e 6669 6766 45.Node: configf\n+00001610: 696c 657f 3139 3438 3030 0a4e 6f64 653a ile.194800.Node:\n+00001620: 2063 7075 6964 7f31 3935 3231 340a 4e6f cpuid.195214.No\n+00001630: 6465 3a20 6372 637f 3139 3537 3832 0a4e de: crc.195782.N\n+00001640: 6f64 653a 2063 7279 7074 6f6d 6f75 6e74 ode: cryptomount\n+00001650: 7f31 3936 3034 390a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6375 .196049.Node: cu\n+00001660: 746d 656d 7f31 3938 3331 390a 4e6f 6465 tmem.198319.Node\n+00001670: 3a20 6461 7465 7f31 3939 3138 370a 4e6f : date.199187.No\n+00001680: 6465 3a20 6465 7669 6365 7472 6565 7f31 de: devicetree.1\n+00001690: 3939 3731 360a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6469 7374 99716.Node: dist\n+000016a0: 7275 7374 7f32 3030 3234 330a 4e6f 6465 rust.200243.Node\n+000016b0: 3a20 6472 6976 656d 6170 7f32 3031 3032 : drivemap.20102\n+000016c0: 390a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6563 686f 7f32 3031 9.Node: echo.201\n+000016d0: 3836 360a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6566 6974 6578 866.Node: efitex\n+000016e0: 746d 6f64 657f 3230 3238 3431 0a4e 6f64 tmode.202841.Nod\n+000016f0: 653a 2065 7661 6c7f 3230 3530 3735 0a4e e: eval.205075.N\n+00001700: 6f64 653a 2065 7870 6f72 747f 3230 3533 ode: export.2053\n+00001710: 3530 0a4e 6f64 653a 2066 616c 7365 7f32 50.Node: false.2\n+00001720: 3035 3635 300a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6677 7365 05650.Node: fwse\n+00001730: 7475 707f 3230 3539 3339 0a4e 6f64 653a tup.205939.Node:\n+00001740: 2067 6462 696e 666f 7f32 3036 3238 380a gdbinfo.206288.\n+00001750: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6765 7474 6578 747f 3230 Node: gettext.20\n+00001760: 3638 3237 0a4e 6f64 653a 2067 7074 7379 6827.Node: gptsy\n+00001770: 6e63 7f32 3037 3237 330a 4e6f 6465 3a20 nc.207273.Node: \n+00001780: 6861 6c74 7f32 3038 3231 350a 4e6f 6465 halt.208215.Node\n+00001790: 3a20 6861 7368 7375 6d7f 3230 3835 3935 : hashsum.208595\n+000017a0: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2068 656c 707f 3230 3938 .Node: help.2098\n+000017b0: 3936 0a4e 6f64 653a 2068 6578 6475 6d70 96.Node: hexdump\n+000017c0: 7f32 3130 3334 390a 4e6f 6465 3a20 696e .210349.Node: in\n+000017d0: 736d 6f64 7f32 3130 3936 360a 4e6f 6465 smod.210966.Node\n+000017e0: 3a20 6b65 7973 7461 7475 737f 3231 3131 : keystatus.2111\n+000017f0: 3732 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 6973 745f 656e 72.Node: list_en\n+00001800: 767f 3231 3137 3937 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c v.211797.Node: l\n+00001810: 6973 745f 7472 7573 7465 647f 3231 3231 ist_trusted.2121\n+00001820: 3532 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 6f61 645f 656e 52.Node: load_en\n+00001830: 767f 3231 3237 3238 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c v.212728.Node: l\n+00001840: 6f61 6466 6f6e 747f 3231 3434 3134 0a4e oadfont.214414.N\n+00001850: 6f64 653a 206c 6f6f 7062 6163 6b7f 3231 ode: loopback.21\n+00001860: 3437 3738 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 737f 3231 4778.Node: ls.21\n+00001870: 3533 3730 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 7366 6f6e 5370.Node: lsfon\n+00001880: 7473 7f32 3135 3839 370a 4e6f 6465 3a20 ts.215897.Node: \n+00001890: 6c73 6d6f 647f 3231 3630 3634 0a4e 6f64 lsmod.216064.Nod\n+000018a0: 653a 206d 6435 7375 6d7f 3231 3632 3339 e: md5sum.216239\n+000018b0: 0a4e 6f64 653a 206d 6f64 756c 657f 3231 .Node: module.21\n+000018c0: 3635 3131 0a4e 6f64 653a 206d 756c 7469 6511.Node: multi\n+000018d0: 626f 6f74 7f32 3136 3830 380a 4e6f 6465 boot.216808.Node\n+000018e0: 3a20 6e61 7469 7665 6469 736b 7f32 3137 : nativedisk.217\n+000018f0: 3930 360a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e6f 726d 616c 906.Node: normal\n+00001900: 7f32 3138 3239 300a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e6f .218290.Node: no\n+00001910: 726d 616c 5f65 7869 747f 3231 3930 3538 rmal_exit.219058\n+00001920: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2070 6172 7474 6f6f 6c7f .Node: parttool.\n+00001930: 3231 3933 3635 0a4e 6f64 653a 2070 6173 219365.Node: pas\n+00001940: 7377 6f72 647f 3232 3038 3932 0a4e 6f64 sword.220892.Nod\n+00001950: 653a 2070 6173 7377 6f72 645f 7062 6b64 e: password_pbkd\n+00001960: 6632 7f32 3231 3135 390a 4e6f 6465 3a20 f2.221159.Node: \n+00001970: 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 7f32 3231 3536 plainmount.22156\n+00001980: 320a 4e6f 6465 3a20 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 2.Node: plainmou\n+00001990: 6e74 2d46 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 7f32 3235 nt-Footnotes.225\n+000019a0: 3332 340a 5265 663a 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f 324.Ref: plainmo\n+000019b0: 756e 742d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d31 7f32 unt-Footnote-1.2\n+000019c0: 3235 3338 390a 4e6f 6465 3a20 706c 6179 25389.Node: play\n+000019d0: 7f32 3235 3438 300a 4e6f 6465 3a20 7072 .225480.Node: pr\n+000019e0: 6f62 657f 3232 3632 3038 0a4e 6f64 653a obe.226208.Node:\n+000019f0: 2072 646d 7372 7f32 3236 3637 390a 4e6f rdmsr.226679.No\n+00001a00: 6465 3a20 7265 6164 7f32 3237 3435 310a de: read.227451.\n+00001a10: 4e6f 6465 3a20 7265 626f 6f74 7f32 3237 Node: reboot.227\n+00001a20: 3839 340a 4e6f 6465 3a20 7265 6765 7870 894.Node: regexp\n+00001a30: 7f32 3238 3036 320a 4e6f 6465 3a20 726d .228062.Node: rm\n+00001a40: 6d6f 647f 3232 3835 3934 0a4e 6f64 653a mod.228594.Node:\n+00001a50: 2073 6176 655f 656e 767f 3232 3837 3732 save_env.228772\n+00001a60: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2073 6561 7263 687f 3232 .Node: search.22\n+00001a70: 3937 3839 0a4e 6f64 653a 2073 656e 646b 9789.Node: sendk\n+00001a80: 6579 7f32 3331 3430 330a 4e6f 6465 3a20 ey.231403.Node: \n+00001a90: 7365 747f 3233 3739 3137 0a4e 6f64 653a set.237917.Node:\n+00001aa0: 2073 6861 3173 756d 7f32 3338 3332 390a sha1sum.238329.\n+00001ab0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 7368 6132 3536 7375 6d7f Node: sha256sum.\n+00001ac0: 3233 3836 3037 0a4e 6f64 653a 2073 6861 238607.Node: sha\n+00001ad0: 3531 3273 756d 7f32 3338 3839 390a 4e6f 512sum.238899.No\n+00001ae0: 6465 3a20 736c 6565 707f 3233 3931 3839 de: sleep.239189\n+00001af0: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2073 6d62 696f 737f 3233 .Node: smbios.23\n+00001b00: 3937 3032 0a4e 6f64 653a 2073 6f75 7263 9702.Node: sourc\n+00001b10: 657f 3234 3237 3636 0a4e 6f64 653a 2074 e.242766.Node: t\n+00001b20: 6573 747f 3234 3333 3132 0a4e 6f64 653a est.243312.Node:\n+00001b30: 2074 7275 657f 3234 3631 3836 0a4e 6f64 true.246186.Nod\n+00001b40: 653a 2074 7275 7374 7f32 3436 3436 350a e: trust.246465.\n+00001b50: 4e6f 6465 3a20 756e 7365 747f 3234 3732 Node: unset.2472\n+00001b60: 3638 0a4e 6f64 653a 2076 6572 6966 795f 68.Node: verify_\n+00001b70: 6465 7461 6368 6564 7f32 3437 3436 370a detached.247467.\n+00001b80: 4e6f 6465 3a20 7669 6465 6f69 6e66 6f7f Node: videoinfo.\n+00001b90: 3234 3835 3131 0a4e 6f64 653a 2077 726d 248511.Node: wrm\n+00001ba0: 7372 7f32 3438 3737 340a 4e6f 6465 3a20 sr.248774.Node: \n+00001bb0: 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 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6468 6370 5f6f 7074 696f 6e7f 3235 t_dhcp_option.25\n+00001cb0: 3531 3132 0a4e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f69 5112.Node: net_i\n+00001cc0: 7076 365f 6175 746f 636f 6e66 7f32 3535 pv6_autoconf.255\n+00001cd0: 3631 330a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6c73 613.Node: net_ls\n+00001ce0: 5f61 6464 727f 3235 3630 3338 0a4e 6f64 _addr.256038.Nod\n+00001cf0: 653a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 6361 7264 737f e: net_ls_cards.\n+00001d00: 3235 3632 3836 0a4e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 256286.Node: net\n+00001d10: 5f6c 735f 646e 737f 3235 3635 3232 0a4e _ls_dns.256522.N\n+00001d20: 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 726f 7574 ode: net_ls_rout\n+00001d30: 6573 7f32 3536 3735 330a 4e6f 6465 3a20 es.256753.Node: \n+00001d40: 6e65 745f 6e73 6c6f 6f6b 7570 7f32 3536 net_nslookup.256\n+00001d50: 3936 300a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 7365 960.Node: net_se\n+00001d60: 745f 766c 616e 7f32 3537 3236 350a 4e6f t_vlan.257265.No\n+00001d70: 6465 3a20 556e 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6564 de: Undocumented\n+00001d80: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 737f 3235 3737 3238 commands.257728\n+00001d90: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2049 6e74 6572 6e61 7469 .Node: Internati\n+00001da0: 6f6e 616c 6973 6174 696f 6e7f 3236 3334 onalisation.2634\n+00001db0: 3430 0a4e 6f64 653a 2053 6563 7572 6974 40.Node: Securit\n+00001dc0: 797f 3237 3032 3830 0a4e 6f64 653a 2041 y.270280.Node: A\n+00001dd0: 7574 6865 6e74 6963 6174 696f 6e20 616e uthentication an\n+00001de0: 6420 6175 7468 6f72 6973 6174 696f 6e7f d authorisation.\n+00001df0: 3237 3038 3536 0a4e 6f64 653a 2055 7369 270856.Node: Usi\n+00001e00: 6e67 2064 6967 6974 616c 2073 6967 6e61 ng digital signa\n+00001e10: 7475 7265 737f 3237 3430 3532 0a4e 6f64 tures.274052.Nod\n+00001e20: 653a 2055 4546 4920 7365 6375 7265 2062 e: UEFI secure b\n+00001e30: 6f6f 7420 616e 6420 7368 696d 7f32 3737 oot and shim.277\n+00001e40: 3431 380a 4e6f 6465 3a20 5365 6375 7265 418.Node: Secure\n+00001e50: 2042 6f6f 7420 4164 7661 6e63 6564 2054 Boot Advanced T\n+00001e60: 6172 6765 7469 6e67 7f32 3738 3539 370a argeting.278597.\n+00001e70: 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d65 6173 7572 6564 2042 Node: Measured B\n+00001e80: 6f6f 747f 3237 3936 3336 0a4e 6f64 653a oot.279636.Node:\n+00001e90: 204c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e7f 3238 3136 3338 Lockdown.281638\n+00001ea0: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2050 6c61 7466 6f72 6d20 .Node: Platform \n+00001eb0: 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e 737f 3238 3231 limitations.2821\n+00001ec0: 3339 0a4e 6f64 653a 2050 6c61 7466 6f72 39.Node: Platfor\n+00001ed0: 6d2d 7370 6563 6966 6963 206f 7065 7261 m-specific opera\n+00001ee0: 7469 6f6e 737f 3239 3031 3438 0a4e 6f64 tions.290148.Nod\n+00001ef0: 653a 2053 7570 706f 7274 6564 206b 6572 e: Supported ker\n+00001f00: 6e65 6c73 7f32 3931 3233 390a 4e6f 6465 nels.291239.Node\n+00001f10: 3a20 5472 6f75 626c 6573 686f 6f74 696e : Troubleshootin\n+00001f20: 677f 3239 3838 3736 0a4e 6f64 653a 2047 g.298876.Node: G\n+00001f30: 5255 4220 6f6e 6c79 206f 6666 6572 7320 RUB only offers \n+00001f40: 6120 7265 7363 7565 2073 6865 6c6c 7f32 a rescue shell.2\n+00001f50: 3939 3134 350a 4e6f 6465 3a20 4669 726d 99145.Node: Firm\n+00001f60: 7761 7265 2073 7461 6c6c 7320 696e 7374 ware stalls inst\n+00001f70: 6561 6420 6f66 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2047 ead of booting G\n+00001f80: 5255 427f 3330 3333 3732 0a4e 6f64 653a RUB.303372.Node:\n+00001f90: 2055 7365 722d 7370 6163 6520 7574 696c User-space util\n+00001fa0: 6974 6965 737f 3330 3430 3033 0a4e 6f64 ities.304003.Nod\n+00001fb0: 653a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 e: Invoking grub\n+00001fc0: 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 7f33 3034 3733 340a -install.304734.\n+00001fd0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 Node: Invoking g\n+00001fe0: 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 7f33 3036 rub-mkconfig.306\n+00001ff0: 3935 370a 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 957.Node: Invoki\n+00002000: 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 7373 7764 ng grub-mkpasswd\n+00002010: 2d70 626b 6466 327f 3330 3736 3339 0a4e -pbkdf2.307639.N\n+00002020: 6f64 653a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 ode: Invoking gr\n+00002030: 7562 2d6d 6b72 656c 7061 7468 7f33 3038 ub-mkrelpath.308\n+00002040: 3335 310a 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 351.Node: Invoki\n+00002050: 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 ng grub-mkrescue\n+00002060: 7f33 3039 3137 330a 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e .309173.Node: In\n+00002070: 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6f 756e voking grub-moun\n+00002080: 747f 3331 3130 3331 0a4e 6f64 653a 2049 t.311031.Node: I\n+00002090: 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d70 726f nvoking grub-pro\n+000020a0: 6265 7f33 3134 3138 350a 4e6f 6465 3a20 be.314185.Node: \n+000020b0: 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 7363 Invoking grub-sc\n+000020c0: 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 7f33 3136 3934 ript-check.31694\n+000020d0: 380a 4e6f 6465 3a20 4f62 7461 696e 696e 8.Node: Obtainin\n+000020e0: 6720 616e 6420 4275 696c 6469 6e67 2047 g and Building G\n+000020f0: 5255 427f 3331 3737 3035 0a4e 6f64 653a RUB.317705.Node:\n+00002100: 2052 6570 6f72 7469 6e67 2062 7567 737f Reporting bugs.\n+00002110: 3331 3839 3530 0a4e 6f64 653a 2046 7574 318950.Node: Fut\n+00002120: 7572 657f 3332 3137 3734 0a4e 6f64 653a 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