| | | | |
| Offset 1060, 15 lines modified | Offset 1060, 15 lines modified |
| 1060 | standard·accidental·notation·in·PMW.·A·sharp·is·represented·by·the·character·#,·which·is·easily | 1060 | standard·accidental·notation·in·PMW.·A·sharp·is·represented·by·the·character·#,·which·is·easily |
| 1061 | remembered.·Unfortunately,·there·are·no·keys·on·the·computer·keyboard·that·resemble·flats·or·naturals,·so·instead·the·two·keys·that·are·next·to·#·on·some·keyboards·were·chosen:·$·for·a·flat·(think | 1061 | remembered.·Unfortunately,·there·are·no·keys·on·the·computer·keyboard·that·resemble·flats·or·naturals,·so·instead·the·two·keys·that·are·next·to·#·on·some·keyboards·were·chosen:·$·for·a·flat·(think |
| 1062 | ‘dollar’·for·‘down’)·and·%·for·a·natural.·For·example,·the·key·signatures·C·sharp·minor·and·G·flat | 1062 | ‘dollar’·for·‘down’)·and·%·for·a·natural.·For·example,·the·key·signatures·C·sharp·minor·and·G·flat |
| 1063 | major·are·coded·as·C#m·and·G$·respectively. | 1063 | major·are·coded·as·C#m·and·G$·respectively. |
| 1064 | time·3/4 | 1064 | time·3/4 |
| 1065 | The·sixth·directive·sets·the·time·signature.·If·no·time·signature·is·given,·4/4·is·assumed.·As·well·as·the | 1065 | The·sixth·directive·sets·the·time·signature.·If·no·time·signature·is·given,·4/4·is·assumed.·As·well·as·the |
| 1066 | usual·numeric·time·signatures,·the·letters·C·and·A·can·be·given,·signifying·‘common’·and·‘alla·breve’ | 1066 | usual·numeric·time·signatures,·the·letters·C·and·A·can·be·given,·signifying·‘common’·and·‘alla·breve’ |
| 1067 | time.·These·are·output·as·^·and·_·respectively. | 1067 | time.·These·are·output·as·C·and·_·respectively. |
| 1068 | unfinished | 1068 | unfinished |
| | |
| 1069 | The·final·directive·tells·PMW·that·this·is·not·a·complete·piece·of·music;·this·stops·it·from·putting·a | 1069 | The·final·directive·tells·PMW·that·this·is·not·a·complete·piece·of·music;·this·stops·it·from·putting·a |
| 1070 | thick·bar·line·at·the·end.·The·header·ends·and·the·stave·data·begins·with·the·first·line·that·starts·with·a | 1070 | thick·bar·line·at·the·end.·The·header·ends·and·the·stave·data·begins·with·the·first·line·that·starts·with·a |
| 1071 | square·bracket: | 1071 | square·bracket: |
| 1072 | [stave·1·treble·1·text·underlay] | 1072 | [stave·1·treble·1·text·underlay] |
| 1073 | You·will·notice·that·a·bit·further·down·there·is·a·line·containing·just·[endstave].·This·marks·the·end·of | 1073 | You·will·notice·that·a·bit·further·down·there·is·a·line·containing·just·[endstave].·This·marks·the·end·of |
| Offset 2645, 15 lines modified | Offset 2645, 15 lines modified |
| 2645 | the·start·of·a·slur·up·and·to·the·right·one·might·have·&sa(/u4/r2).·There·is·also·a·macro·called·es | 2645 | the·start·of·a·slur·up·and·to·the·right·one·might·have·&sa(/u4/r2).·There·is·also·a·macro·called·es |
| 2646 | to·end·a·slur,·where·again·options·may·be·given·as·an·argument. | 2646 | to·end·a·slur,·where·again·options·may·be·given·as·an·argument. |
| 2647 | 7.3.3·Octavo·marks | 2647 | 7.3.3·Octavo·marks |
| 2648 | The·macros·S8a·and·S8b·notate·the·start·of·an·‘8va’·marking·above·or·below·the·stave,·respectively, | 2648 | The·macros·S8a·and·S8b·notate·the·start·of·an·‘8va’·marking·above·or·below·the·stave,·respectively, |
| 2649 | with·E8a·and·E8b·marking·the·end.·There·a·discussion·of·how·these·work·below·(☞·11.12.5). | 2649 | with·E8a·and·E8b·marking·the·end.·There·a·discussion·of·how·these·work·below·(☞·11.12.5). |
| 2650 | 7.3.4·Piano·pedal·marks | 2650 | 7.3.4·Piano·pedal·marks |
| | |
| 2651 | The·macro·ped·puts·a·conventional·£·sign·below·the·stave,·and·pedstar·outputs·$.·There·also | 2651 | The·macro·ped·puts·a·conventional·£·sign·below·the·stave,·and·pedstar·outputs·⋆.·There·also |
| 2652 | three·macros·for·pedal·markings·with·horizontal·lines:·&pedline·follows·£·with·a·horizontal·line | 2652 | three·macros·for·pedal·markings·with·horizontal·lines:·&pedline·follows·£·with·a·horizontal·line |
| 2653 | that·continues·till·&pedend·is·reached.·Intermediate·‘blips’·can·be·created·with·&pedblip.·Here·is | 2653 | that·continues·till·&pedend·is·reached.·Intermediate·‘blips’·can·be·created·with·&pedblip.·Here·is |
| 2654 | a·simple·example: | 2654 | a·simple·example: |
| 2655 | &ped·C·e·&pedstar·g·|·&pedline·Cdg·|·&pedblip·geC·&pedend·| | 2655 | &ped·C·e·&pedstar·g·|·&pedline·Cdg·|·&pedblip·geC·&pedend·| |
| | |
| 2656 | 4·3·6·6·3·5·6·6·6·3 | 2656 | 4·3·6·6·3·5·6·6·6·3 |
| 2657 | 4 | 2657 | 4 |
| Offset 3241, 36 lines modified | Offset 3241, 36 lines modified |
| 3241 | for·individual·staves·is·specified·with·[transpose].·If·more·than·one·transposition·is·present,·the·effect | 3241 | for·individual·staves·is·specified·with·[transpose].·If·more·than·one·transposition·is·present,·the·effect |
| 3242 | is·cumulative. | 3242 | is·cumulative. |
| 3243 | PMW·transposes·key·signatures·as·well·as·notes,·but·there·is·a·special·pseudo-key·N·that·does·not | 3243 | PMW·transposes·key·signatures·as·well·as·notes,·but·there·is·a·special·pseudo-key·N·that·does·not |
| 3244 | transpose.·This·is·described·below.·Custom·key·signatures·(X1·to·X10)·can·be·transposed,·but | 3244 | transpose.·This·is·described·below.·Custom·key·signatures·(X1·to·X10)·can·be·transposed,·but |
| 3245 | additional·information,·supplied·by·one·or·more·keytranspose·directives·(☞·10.1.59),·must·be·supplied·for·this·to·work. | 3245 | additional·information,·supplied·by·one·or·more·keytranspose·directives·(☞·10.1.59),·must·be·supplied·for·this·to·work. |
| 3246 | A·piece·that·is·to·be·transposed·should·be·input·with·its·original·key·signature(s)·specified·in·the·usual | 3246 | A·piece·that·is·to·be·transposed·should·be·input·with·its·original·key·signature(s)·specified·in·the·usual |
| 3247 | way.·When·[transpose]·is·used·to·transpose·a·single·stave,·only·those·key·signatures·that·follow·the | 3247 | way.·When·[transpose]·is·used·to·transpose·a·single·stave,·only·those·key·signatures·that·follow·the |
| 3248 | directive·in·the·input·are·transposed.·When·transposing·a·non-custom·key·signature,·the·key·Fzz%·major | 3248 | directive·in·the·input·are·transposed.·When·transposing·a·non-custom·key·signature,·the·key·Fzz♯·major |
| 3249 | is·used·in·transposed·output·only·if·specially·requested·via·the·transposedkey·directive,·Gz·'·being | 3249 | is·used·in·transposed·output·only·if·specially·requested·via·the·transposedkey·directive,·Gz·♭·being |
| 3250 | used·by·default.·A·number·of·other·keys·are·also·not·used·by·default·but·can·be·specially·requested. | 3250 | used·by·default.·A·number·of·other·keys·are·also·not·used·by·default·but·can·be·specially·requested. |
| 3251 | The·complete·list·is·as·follows: | 3251 | The·complete·list·is·as·follows: |
| 3252 | Czz'·major·instead·of·the·default | 3252 | Czz♭·major·instead·of·the·default |
| 3253 | Cz·%·major | 3253 | Cz·♯·major |
| 3254 | " | 3254 | " |
| 3255 | Fz·%·major | 3255 | Fz·♯·major |
| 3256 | " | 3256 | " |
| 3257 | Azz'·minor | 3257 | Azz♭·minor |
| 3258 | " | 3258 | " |
| 3259 | Az·%·minor | 3259 | Az·♯·minor |
| 3260 | " | 3260 | " |
| 3261 | Dz·%·minor | 3261 | Dz·♯·minor |
| 3262 | " | 3262 | " |
| | |
| 3263 | B·major | 3263 | B·major |
| 3264 | Dzz'·major | 3264 | Dzz♭·major |
| 3265 | Gzz'·major | 3265 | Gzz♭·major |
| 3266 | Gzz%·minor | 3266 | Gzz♯·minor |
| 3267 | Bzz'·minor | 3267 | Bzz♭·minor |
| 3268 | Ezz'·minor | 3268 | Ezz♭·minor |
| | |
| 3269 | The·transposedkey·directive·also·has·uses·when·transposing·music·in·which·the·key·signature·has | 3269 | The·transposedkey·directive·also·has·uses·when·transposing·music·in·which·the·key·signature·has |
| 3270 | fewer·accidentals·than·the·tonality. | 3270 | fewer·accidentals·than·the·tonality. |
| 3271 | Except·when·using·the·pseudo-key·N,·if·a·note·is·specified·with·an·accidental,·an·accidental·will | 3271 | Except·when·using·the·pseudo-key·N,·if·a·note·is·specified·with·an·accidental,·an·accidental·will |
| 3272 | always·be·present·by·default·after·transposition,·whether·or·not·it·is·strictly·necessary.·This·ensures | 3272 | always·be·present·by·default·after·transposition,·whether·or·not·it·is·strictly·necessary.·This·ensures |
| 3273 | that·‘cautionary·accidentals’·are·preserved·over·transposition.·There·is·an·option·to·suppress·this | 3273 | that·‘cautionary·accidentals’·are·preserved·over·transposition.·There·is·an·option·to·suppress·this |
| 3274 | action·for·individual·notes,·and·the·[transposedacc]·and·transposedacc·directives·can·be·used·to | 3274 | action·for·individual·notes,·and·the·[transposedacc]·and·transposedacc·directives·can·be·used·to |
| Offset 3291, 37 lines modified | Offset 3291, 37 lines modified |
| 3291 | •·If·the·new·note’s·accidental·is·redundant,·discard·it,·except·in·one·specific·circumstance:·when·a | 3291 | •·If·the·new·note’s·accidental·is·redundant,·discard·it,·except·in·one·specific·circumstance:·when·a |
| 3292 | note·that·is·notated·with·a·natural·is·the·first·non-tied·note·in·the·bar.·The·reasoning·behind·this·is | 3292 | note·that·is·notated·with·a·natural·is·the·first·non-tied·note·in·the·bar.·The·reasoning·behind·this·is |
| 3293 | that·the·original·natural·must·be·‘cautionary’.·Apart·from·this·special·case,·the·behaviour·is·as·if | 3293 | that·the·original·natural·must·be·‘cautionary’.·Apart·from·this·special·case,·the·behaviour·is·as·if |
| 3294 | [transposedacc·noforce]·has·been·applied.·However,·an·accidental·can·be·forced·for·individual | 3294 | [transposedacc·noforce]·has·been·applied.·However,·an·accidental·can·be·forced·for·individual |
| 3295 | notes·by·following·the·original·accidental·with·^+,·for·example·#^+a. | 3295 | notes·by·following·the·original·accidental·with·^+,·for·example·#^+a. |
| 3296 | •·Do·not·use·double·sharps·or·double·flats·unless·the·original·note·had·a·double·sharp·or·double·flat, | 3296 | •·Do·not·use·double·sharps·or·double·flats·unless·the·original·note·had·a·double·sharp·or·double·flat, |
| 3297 | respectively. | 3297 | respectively. |
| 3298 | •·Convert·new·notes·Ezz%·and·Bzz%·into·F·and·C,·respectively. | 3298 | •·Convert·new·notes·Ezz♯·and·Bzz♯·into·F·and·C,·respectively. |
| 3299 | •·Convert·new·notes·Czz'·and·Fzz'·into·B·and·E·respectively. | 3299 | •·Convert·new·notes·Czz♭·and·Fzz♭·into·B·and·E·respectively. |
| 3300 | 8.10.2·Transposition·of·key·and·chord·names | 3300 | 8.10.2·Transposition·of·key·and·chord·names |
| 3301 | PMW·can·automatically·transpose·the·names·of·standard·keys·and·chords·in·text·strings.·This·is | 3301 | PMW·can·automatically·transpose·the·names·of·standard·keys·and·chords·in·text·strings.·This·is |
| 3302 | achieved·by·means·of·a·special·escape·sequence·\t. | 3302 | achieved·by·means·of·a·special·escape·sequence·\t. |
| 3303 | "Sonata·in·\tE$" | 3303 | "Sonata·in·\tE$" |
| | |
| 3304 | In·this·example,·the·sequence·\tE$·is·replaced·by·Ez·'·when·no·transposition·is·taking·place·and·by·F | 3304 | In·this·example,·the·sequence·\tE$·is·replaced·by·Ez·♭·when·no·transposition·is·taking·place·and·by·F |
| 3305 | when·a·transposition·of·+2·is·set.·Full·details·of·string·escape·sequences,·including·key·and·chord | 3305 | when·a·transposition·of·+2·is·set.·Full·details·of·string·escape·sequences,·including·key·and·chord |
| 3306 | name·transpostion,·are·given·in·section·8.15. | 3306 | name·transpostion,·are·given·in·section·8.15. |
| | |
| 3307 | 8.11·Time·signatures | 3307 | 8.11·Time·signatures |
| 3308 | Time·signatures·are·specified·by·separating·two·numbers·with·a·slash.·For·example,·3/4·specifies | 3308 | Time·signatures·are·specified·by·separating·two·numbers·with·a·slash.·For·example,·3/4·specifies |
| 3309 | waltz·time.·PMW·imposes·no·limitations·on·the·values·of·the·numbers·used·in·time·signatures.·There | 3309 | waltz·time.·PMW·imposes·no·limitations·on·the·values·of·the·numbers·used·in·time·signatures.·There |
| 3310 | are·two·special·time·signatures·that·are·specified·as·letters: | 3310 | are·two·special·time·signatures·that·are·specified·as·letters: |
| 3311 | •·The·letter·C·specifies·‘common·time’·–·equivalent·to·4/4·but·output·using·the·conventional·character·^. | 3311 | •·The·letter·C·specifies·‘common·time’·–·equivalent·to·4/4·but·output·using·the·conventional·character·C. |
| | |
| 3312 | •·The·letter·A·specifies·‘alla·breve’·–·equivalent·to·2/2·but·output·using·the·conventional·‘cut·time’ | 3312 | •·The·letter·A·specifies·‘alla·breve’·–·equivalent·to·2/2·but·output·using·the·conventional·‘cut·time’ |
| 3313 | character·_. | 3313 | character·_. |
| | |
| 3314 | A·time·signature·can·be·preceded·by·a·number·and·an·asterisk.·This·has·the·effect·of·multiplying·the | 3314 | A·time·signature·can·be·preceded·by·a·number·and·an·asterisk.·This·has·the·effect·of·multiplying·the |
| 3315 | number·of·notes·in·the·bar·for·the·purposes·of·checking·bar·lengths.·However,·the·time·signature·is | 3315 | number·of·notes·in·the·bar·for·the·purposes·of·checking·bar·lengths.·However,·the·time·signature·is |
| 3316 | output·as·given.·Thus,·for·example,·the·time·signature·2*C·is·shown·as·^,·but·expects·there·to·be·four | 3316 | output·as·given.·Thus,·for·example,·the·time·signature·2*C·is·shown·as·C,·but·expects·there·to·be·four |
| 3317 | minims·rather·than·four·crotchets·in·a·bar,·and·2*3/4·is·shown·as·3/4·but·expects·three·minims·in·a | 3317 | minims·rather·than·four·crotchets·in·a·bar,·and·2*3/4·is·shown·as·3/4·but·expects·three·minims·in·a |
| 3318 | bar. | 3318 | bar. |
| 3319 | There·are·options·for·suppressing·time·signatures·at·various·places,·and·the·printtime·directive·can·be | 3319 | There·are·options·for·suppressing·time·signatures·at·various·places,·and·the·printtime·directive·can·be |
| 3320 | used·to·specify·exactly·how·certain·time·signatures·are·to·be·shown.·For·example,·8/8·could·appear·as | 3320 | used·to·specify·exactly·how·certain·time·signatures·are·to·be·shown.·For·example,·8/8·could·appear·as |
| 3321 | 3+3+2/8,·or·only·a·single,·large·number·could·be·used. | 3321 | 3+3+2/8,·or·only·a·single,·large·number·could·be·used. |
| 3322 | By·default,·numerical·time·signatures·use·the·bold·font.·However,·the·timefont·header·directive·can | 3322 | By·default,·numerical·time·signatures·use·the·bold·font.·However,·the·timefont·header·directive·can |
| 3323 | specify·an·alternative.·In·addition,·if·printtime·is·used,·the·normal·font-changing·escape·sequences | 3323 | specify·an·alternative.·In·addition,·if·printtime·is·used,·the·normal·font-changing·escape·sequences |
| Offset 3738, 16 lines modified | Offset 3738, 16 lines modified |
| 3738 | When·a·string·that·involves·a·transposable·name·appears·in·a·heading·or·footing·line,·only·external | 3738 | When·a·string·that·involves·a·transposable·name·appears·in·a·heading·or·footing·line,·only·external |
| 3739 | transposition·specified·by·the·-t·command·line·option·plus·any·transpose·header·directives·that·are | 3739 | transposition·specified·by·the·-t·command·line·option·plus·any·transpose·header·directives·that·are |
| 3740 | earlier·in·file·are·applied·to·it,·because·the·transposition·is·performed·when·the·string·is·read.·It·is·also | 3740 | earlier·in·file·are·applied·to·it,·because·the·transposition·is·performed·when·the·string·is·read.·It·is·also |
| 3741 | important·to·specify·the·key·signature·before·the·transposable·heading·or·footing,·in·case·it·affects·the | 3741 | important·to·specify·the·key·signature·before·the·transposable·heading·or·footing,·in·case·it·affects·the |
| 3742 | result.·For·example,·consider·this·directive: | 3742 | result.·For·example,·consider·this·directive: |
| 3743 | heading·"Sonata·in·\tC·minor" | 3743 | heading·"Sonata·in·\tC·minor" |
| 3744 | If·no·key·is·specified·before·this·line·in·an·input·file,·and·a·transposition·of·+1·is·applied,·the·result·is | 3744 | If·no·key·is·specified·before·this·line·in·an·input·file,·and·a·transposition·of·+1·is·applied,·the·result·is |
| 3745 | ‘Sonata·in·Dzz'·minor’,·because·PMW·assumes·the·key·of·C·major.·However,·if·the·key·is·set·to·C | 3745 | ‘Sonata·in·Dzz♭·minor’,·because·PMW·assumes·the·key·of·C·major.·However,·if·the·key·is·set·to·C |
| 3746 | minor·before·the·heading·line,·the·result·of·transposing·by·+1·is·‘Sonata·in·Czz%·minor’. | 3746 | minor·before·the·heading·line,·the·result·of·transposing·by·+1·is·‘Sonata·in·Czz♯·minor’. |
| 3747 | 8.15.8·The·transposition·setting | 3747 | 8.15.8·The·transposition·setting |
| 3748 | Another·use·for·the·\t·escape·sequence·is·to·insert·the·transposition·value·into·a·string.·In·this·case, | 3748 | Another·use·for·the·\t·escape·sequence·is·to·insert·the·transposition·value·into·a·string.·In·this·case, |
| 3749 | \t·must·be·followed·by·a·backslash.·For·example: | 3749 | \t·must·be·followed·by·a·backslash.·For·example: |
| 3750 | heading·"(Transposed·by·\t\·semitones)" | 3750 | heading·"(Transposed·by·\t\·semitones)" |
| 3751 | The·insertion·happens·when·the·string·is·read. | 3751 | The·insertion·happens·when·the·string·is·read. |
| 3752 | 8.15.9·Font·changes | 3752 | 8.15.9·Font·changes |
| 3753 | Roman,·italic,·bold·and·bold·italic·fonts·are·available·for·all·text.·By·default,·these·use·the·Times | 3753 | Roman,·italic,·bold·and·bold·italic·fonts·are·available·for·all·text.·By·default,·these·use·the·Times |
| Offset 5491, 15 lines modified | Offset 5491, 15 lines modified |
| 5491 | PMW·puts·a·double·bar·line·before·a·change·of·key·by·default.·The·keysinglebar·directive·can·be | 5491 | PMW·puts·a·double·bar·line·before·a·change·of·key·by·default.·The·keysinglebar·directive·can·be |
| 5492 | used·to·request·a·single·bar·line·instead;·keydoublebar·can·be·used·to·reset·the·default·for·a·new | 5492 | used·to·request·a·single·bar·line·instead;·keydoublebar·can·be·used·to·reset·the·default·for·a·new |
| 5493 | movement. | 5493 | movement. |
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